Abstract: The purpose of this research study is to describe the factors that influence consumers' purchasing decisions in live shopping broadcasts. The proposed research methodology is based on the qualitative paradigm with an interpretative approach. A semi-structured questionnaire is applied to interview 25 people who had participated in live shopping transmissions at least once. The results show eight families codes: (1) motivation, (2) participation, (3) trust, (4) influence of social networks, (5) time pressure, (6) customer satisfaction, (7) distrust and problems, and (8) quality of service. The aesthetic aspect of the seller and the endorsement of a celebrity have no valorization. In conclusion, the purchase decision variables of live shopping broadcasts do not differ significantly with respect to what has been found in previous literature.

Resumen: El propósito de esta investigación es describir los factores que influyen en la decisión de compra de los consumidores en transmisiones de compras en vivo. La metodología está fundamentada en el paradigma cualitativo con enfoque interpretativo. Se ocupa un cuestionario semi-estructurado para realizar entrevistas a 25 personas que han participado en las transmisiones de compra en vivo al menos una vez. El análisis de los datos se realiza mediante la teoría fundamentada de Glaser y Strauss. Los resultados muestran ocho familias de códigos: (1) motivación, (2) participación, (3) confianza, (4) influencia redes sociales, (5) presión por tiempo, (6) satisfacción del cliente, (7) desconfianza y problemas, y (8) calidad del servicio. El aspecto estético del vendedor y la determinación de una celebridad no son valorizables. En conclusión, las variables de decisión de compra de las transmisiones de compra en vivo, en general, no difieren respecto con lo encontrado en la literatura previa.

Heelwat navorsing is al gedoen in 'n poging om 'n greep op aspekte van goeie en slegte plaaslike regering te kry. 'n Kernvraag wat steeds onbeantwoord bly is die volgende: Wat is "plaaslike regering", en hoe kan die werklikheid waarna die begrip verwys, verstaan en herken word? 'n Begripsraamwerk van "plaaslike regering" is onlangs ontwikkel bestaande uit die herkenbare eienskappe van die begrip om dit te identifiseer. Gepaardgaande daarmee is 'n sosiale ontologie van sorg vir "plaaslike regering" ontwikkel. Die veronderstelling is dat plaaslike regerings in Suid-Afrika en ander lande aan die hand van daardie eienskappe herken sal word. Binne die Suid-Afrikaanse konteks is daar egter 'n moontlike nietipiese voorbeeld van plaaslike regering, naamlik Orania, 'n bestaande dorp binne die geografiese gebied van die Thembelihle Plaaslike Munisipaliteit in die Noord-Kaapprovinsie. Orania is nie 'n muni-sipaliteit ingevolge die Suid-Afrikaanse grondwet en wetlike raamwerk nie. Die vraag is gevolglik of Orania wel as 'n "plaaslike regering" beskou kan word. In antwoord op die vraag gee hierdie artikel 'n ontiese¹ beskrywing van Orania aan die hand van die gekose begripsraamwerk en sosiale ontologie van sorg. Dit blyk uit die beskrywing en ontleding daarvan dat Orania wel aan die institusionele, funksionele en territoriale eienskappe van die begrip "plaaslike regering" voldoen en op 'n outentieke wyse as plaaslike regering funksioneer. Die gevallestudie wys dat 'n outentieke plaaslike regering een is wat 'n integrerende deel uitmaak van sy plaaslike gemeenskap en omsluitende wêrelde, wat voortdurende ongemak met die hede beleef en met sorg, besorgdheid en sorgsaamheid daarop reageer.

Much research has been conducted to grasp aspects of good and bad local governance. A central question that remains unanswered is: What constitutes "local government" and how can the reality to which this concept refers be understood and recognised? Recently, a conceptual framework was developed by identifying recognisable characteristics of this concept's reference. The assumption is that local governments in South Africa and other countries will be recognised based on these characteristics. Alongside this, a social ontology of care for "local government" was established. However, within the South African context, a potentially atypical example of local government is found, namely Orania, an existing town situated within the geographical area of the Thembelihle Local Municipality in the Northern Cape province. Orania is not a municipality in terms of the South African constitution and legal framework. The question thus arises whether Orania can indeed be considered a "local government". In response to this query, this article provides a description of Orania using the chosen conceptual framework and social ontology of care as part of a case study design. The analysis and ontological description ofOrania, by means of the conceptual framework, reveal that the phenomenon of Orania does indeed possess a territorial jurisdictional sphere (the Orania Overlay Zone), a democratically elected representative council (the OVR), and a Town Council and its administration that performs a range of local functions and responsibilities. While the territory of a municipality is generally determined by authorising measures or decisions by other jurisdictions (such as province, state, and national government), the territorial area known as the Orania Overlay Zone results from the purchase and cultivation of land by members of a homogeneous cultural community. Therefore, the territory is not only a demarcation of jurisdiction, but the place to which this community is connected. The institutional aspect of local government is likely a universal feature. The nature and scope of the institutional structure of local governments are often also the result of standardised external authorising measures or decisions by other jurisdictions. Consequently, the structures may not necessarily resonate with the needs and resources of the sometimes diverse society that constitutes the inhabitants of such an area. In the case of Orania, the institutional structure of local government (the OVR and the Town Council) is directly determined by the community, as represented by various land entities, based on the community's specific needs and available resources. The performance of a limited range of local functions can also be considered a universal feature of local government. In this particular case, the functions of the relevant local government are determined by its decision-making bodies, such as the Town Council, in consultation with the community as represented by the various land entities. Consequently, typical local government functions are performed according to the community's needs and available resources. Non-typical local government functions, such as residence rights, are performed within the general scope of the 1996 Constitution of the Republic of South Africa and other national legislation. The analysis confirmed that Orania meets the characteristics consistent with the concept of "local government" as outlined in the conceptual framework. Additionally, viewing Orania through the theoretical lens of social ontology of care highlights that it is a human construct, making objective observation and description challenging. Orania is a network of interconnected individuals and social institutions situated within overlapping human, spiritual, natural, territorial, and political worlds. The authenticity of this existence lies in its concern for the affairs of the world in which it is situated and the conscientiousness with which it carries out its functions in conjunction with others. The case study shows that an authentic local government is one that forms an integral part of its local community and surrounding worlds, continually experiencing discomfort (anxiety) with the present, and responding to that anxiety with care, concern, and nurturing for society and its things.

Resumen Este trabajo analiza la influencia del capital de marca desde la perspectiva del consumidor en la decisión de compra de productos de consumo de alta rotación, en Ecuador. Estimando un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales por mínimos cuadrados parciales y un modelo de regresión logística, con una muestra de 120 estudiantes universitarios ecuatorianos, se encontró que la notoriedad de la marca y fuerza de las asociaciones se relaciona positivamente con la calidad percibida, la calidad percibida influye en la lealtad actitudinal, y la lealtad influye en el capital de marca global. Además, una vez que se controla por precios referenciales, se demuestra que el capital de marca tiene un efecto positivo en la decisión de compra de los consumidores. La principal implicación para los administradores de marcas es que los esfuerzos e inversiones hacia acciones que mejoren las dimensiones del capital de marca, con énfasis en la lealtad, es un mecanismo relevante para incrementar las ventas y generar mayor valor financiero de la marca.

Abstract This work analyses the influence of consumer-based brand equity on the purchase decision of fast-moving consumer goods in Ecuador. By estimating a partial least squares structural equation model and a logit model on a sample of 120 Ecuadorian university students, it was found that brand awareness with a strength of association is positively related to perceived quality, perceived quality influences attitudinal loyalty, and loyalty influences overall brand equity. In addition, after controlling for reference prices, overall brand equity has a direct positive effect on consumers' purchase decisions. For brand managers, the main implication of these findings is that investments to improve the dimensions of brand equity, with an emphasis on loyalty, is a relevant mechanism to increase sales and generate greater brand value.

Abstract This article delves into the considerable influence of generation Y, or millennials, on purchase behaviour and brand interactions. Their focus on creating a better world, combined with their status as digital natives, has spurred changes in e-commerce and corporate practices. This generation prioritises environmental and social concerns, compelling companies to adopt honesty and transparency in their products, processes, and values. Millennials are inclined to support brands that demonstrate social responsibility, sustainability, and ethical practices. Consequently, brand values have become pivotal, shaping consumer perceptions and behaviours. These values reflect the beliefs and principles a brand embodies, significantly impacting consumer perceptions and behaviours toward it. The study aims to investigate how IKEA’s brand values influence the purchase decisions of Portuguese millennial consumers. A questionnaire survey was conducted, employing a quantitative methodology, yielding 402 responses from IKEA consumers. The primary findings reveal that IKEA Portugal’s values notably influence the purchase decisions of millennial consumers, particularly those related to value for money, sustainability, social responsibility, and community support.

Resumo O presente artigo aborda a influência significativa da geração Y ou dos millennials no comportamento de compra e nas interações com a marca. O foco desta geração num mundo melhor e o facto de serem nativos digitais impulsionou mudanças no e-commerce e na forma como as empresas operam. Esta trata-se de uma geração preocupada com o planeta e com o futuro, que conseguiu forçar honestidade e transparência das empresas acerca dos seus produtos, processos e valores. Os millennials estão mais propensos a apoiar marcas que priorizam a responsabilidade social, a sustentabilidade e as práticas éticas. Os valores da marca ganharam destaque, moldando as perceções e o comportamento do consumidor. Esses valores representam as crenças e os princípios que a marca defende e têm um impacto significativo nas perceções dos consumidores sobre esta e o comportamento em relação a ela. O objetivo deste estudo é explorar como os valores da marca IKEA afetam as decisões de compra dos consumidores millennials portugueses. Foi utilizada uma metodologia quantitativa, com a aplicação de um inquérito por questionário, através do qual se obteve 402 respostas junto dos consumidores da marca IKEA. As principais conclusões indicam que os valores da IKEA Portugal impactam significativamente as decisões de compra dos consumidores millennials, especialmente as relacionadas com a relação qualidade-preço, sustentabilidade, responsabilidade social e apoio às comunidades.

Ser capaz de ler a mente do consumidor e saber o que ele deseja tornou-se um aspecto essencial para desenhar estratégias de marketing de sucesso, por isso se utiliza o conhecimento fornecido pelas neurociências. Assim, pretendeu-se incorporar ao exercício dialógico elementos relacionados ao neuroconsumidor e ao neuroconsumo, com ênfase na perspectiva mente-corpo-emoção; e seus níveis de processamento para identificar o que está acontecendo na mente do comprador. O objetivo da revisão sistemática (RS) foi descrever os elementos que relacionam o neuroconsumo ao neuroconsumidor a partir de uma perspectiva apoiada na literatura existente, portanto foi realizada uma RS da literatura para revelar e caracterizar os elementos vinculativos ao objeto de estudo . O processo foi apoiado pelo método PRISMA, foram selecionadas as bases de dados: WoS, Scopus e SciELO e inicialmente foram escolhidos 150 documentos aos quais foram aplicados critérios de seleção; Foram obtidos 20 artigos. Concluiu-se que a experiência emocional tornou-se uma proposta de valor para os usuários e o design de produto é uma das ferramentas que facilita a criação de produtos para fornecer soluções às necessidades emocionais.

Conseguir leer la mente del consumidor y saber qué desea se ha convertido en un aspecto esencial para diseñar estrategias de marketing exitosas, motivo por el cual se emplean conocimientos brindados por las neurociencias. Así, se pretendió incorporar al ejercicio dialógico los elementos relacionados con el neuroconsumidor y neuroconsumo, con énfasis en la perspectiva mente-cuerpo-emoción; y sus niveles de procesamiento para identificar lo que sucede en la mente del comprador. El objetivo de la revisión sistemática (RS) fue describir los elementos que relacionan al neuroconsumo con el neuroconsumidor desde una mirada sustentada en la literatura existente, por lo que se realizó una RS de la literatura para develar y caracterizar los elementos vinculantes al objeto de estudio. El proceso se apoyó en el método PRISMA, fueron seleccionadas las bases de datos: WoS, Scopus y SciELO y fueron escogidos inicialmente 150 documentos a los que se aplicó criterios de selección; se obtuvieron 20 artículos. Se concluyó que la experiencia emocional se ha convertido en una propuesta de valor respecto a los usuarios y el diseño del producto se conforma como una de las herramientas que facilita crear productos para dar solución a las necesidades emocionales.

Being able to read the consumer's mind and know what they want has become an essential aspect for designing successful marketing strategies, which is why the knowledge provided by neurosciences is being used. Thus, it was intended to incorporate elements related to the neuroconsumer and neuroconsumption into the dialogic exercise, with emphasis on the mind-body-emotion perspective; and their processing levels to identify what is happening in the buyer's mind. The objective of the review was to describe the elements that relate neuro consumption to the neuroconsumer from a perspective supported by existing literature, so a systematic review of the literature was carried out to reveal and characterize the elements linked to the object of study. The process was supported by the PRISMA method, the databases were selected: WoS, Scopus and SciELO and initially 150 documents were chosen to which selection criteria were applied, obtaining 20 articles. It was concluded that the emotional experience has become a value proposition with respect to users and product design becomes one of the tools that facilitates creating products to provide solutions to emotional needs.

Resumen El presente artículo plantea supuestos sobre aquellos factores sociales, culturales, personales y psicológicos que influyen en el comportamiento del consumidor y que afectan al desarrollo empresarial de las micros, pequeñas y medianas empresas en el contexto ecuatoriano. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de los datos que han sido generados e investigados estadísticamente por otros autores en estos últimos cinco años (2019-2023) sobre aquellos factores que influyen en las decisiones de compra del consumidor ecuatoriano. A partir de los hallazgos más relevantes se logró identificar y abordar 17 variables que actúan en la decisión de compra de un individuo que pueden generar un efecto de ruptura comportamental en el consumidor y que pueden afectar negativamente al desarrollo empresarial. Se concluye que, el consumidor posee decisiones de compra que son prioritarios que están relacionados con la educación, salud y alimentación frente a compras relacionados con productos de conveniencia.

Abstract This article aims to expose assumptions of those social, cultural, personal, and psychological factors that influences at consumer behavior and affecting business development of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises in the Ecuadorian context. For this, the linear cause-effect relationships generated between the consumer and the company were considered. A bibliographic review was carried out of the data that have been generated and statistically investigated by other authors in the last five years (2019-2023), on those factors that influence the purchasing decisions of the Ecuadorian consumer. As a result, it was possible to evaluate, independently, 17 variables that act on the purchase decision of an individual that if not contemplated in time they can generate a behavioral breakdown effect on the consumer, negatively affecting business development. Based on the data obtained, it is concluded that, the consumer has priority purchasing decisions that are related to education, health and food versus purchases related to convenience products.

Abstract The aim of the study was to establish the relationship between brand equity and the purchase decision of Master Belle brand customers, Lima - Peru 2021. The research assumed the quantitative approach, hypothetico-deductive model, the non-experimental cross-sectional correlational design. The 150 customers in the company database updated to 2021 were taken as the population; the sample used was made up of 109 customers of the brand. The study was carried out through a questionnaire and its reliability was obtained by the Cronbach's alpha coefficient VM. (0,718) and DC. (0,863). The results indicated a direct and high relationship between the variables, with a Spearman Rho (0,639). In this way, the results showed that the brand equity is significantly related to purchase decision, that is, the greater the perception of a good development of the brand equity, the greater the purchase decision of customers towards Master Belle brand products will be.

Resumen El objetivo del estudio fue establecer la relación entre el valor de marca y la decisión de compra de los clientes de la marca Master Belle Lima - Perú 2021. La investigación asumió el enfoque cuantitativo, el diseño no experimental- transeccional correlacional. Se tomó como población a los 150 clientes actualizados en la base de datos de la empresa al 2021; la muestra utilizada estuvo conformada por 109 clientes de la marca. Se utilizó el cuestionario como instrumento y se obtuvo su confiabilidad por el coeficiente de alfa de Cronbach VM. (0,718) y DC. (0,863). Los resultados indicaron una relación directa y alta entre las variables, con una Rho de Spearman (0,639). De esta manera, en los resultados se pudo evidenciar que el valor de marca se relaciona significativamente con la decisión de compra, es decir que, a mayor percepción sobre un buen desarrollo del valor de marca, mayor será la decisión de compra de los clientes hacia los productos de la marca Master Belle.

RESUMO Finalidade O objetivo geral deste estudo foi verificar a relação entre a intenção de consumo de suplementos alimentares com o risco percebido, desdobrado em risco percebido em relação à saúde e risco percebido em relação ao desempenho do produto. Design/metodologia/abordagem Foi realizada uma pesquisa descritiva-quantitativa a partir de um survey online, por meio de um questionário estruturado com base nas escalas de Laroche et al. (2005) e DelVecchio e Smith (2005). A análise dos dados foi efetuada por meio da análise de regressão linear múltipla. Do total de questionários respondidos, 207 foram considerados válidos. Descobertas O resultado do estudo aponta significância estatística para as hipóteses da pesquisa, confirmando que quanto menor o risco percebido associado à compra de suplementos alimentares em relação ao desempenho do produto e aos danos à saúde, maior a intenção de consumo pelos indivíduos dessa categoria de produto. Originalidade/valor A confirmação do papel do risco no processo de decisão do consumidor leva a observação de que nem sempre essa percepção de risco está fundamentada em informações confiáveis, por exemplo, a partir da orientação de nutricionistas e médicos. Assim, apenas a apresentação na comunicação da eficácia do produto e o quão benéfico pode ser a saúde humana, protagonizados por agentes sem conhecimento técnico, podem não ser suficientes para que os riscos reais em consumir tais produtos sejam negligenciados. Designmetodologiaabordagem Design metodologia abordagem descritivaquantitativa descritiva quantitativa online al 2005 (2005 2005. . múltipla respondidos 20 válidos Originalidadevalor Originalidade valor confiáveis exemplo médicos Assim humana técnico negligenciados 200 (200 2 (20 (2 (

ABSTRACT Purpose The general objective of this study was to verify the relationship between the intention to consume dietary supplements and perceived risk, broken down into perceived risk in relation to health and perceived risk in relation to product performance. Design/methodology/approach Descriptive-quantitative research was carried out via an online survey through a structured questionnaire based on the scales of Laroche et al. (2005) and DelVecchio and Smith (2005). Data analysis was performed using multiple linear regression analysis. Of the total number of questionnaires answered, 207 were considered valid. Findings The result of the study points to statistical significance for the research hypotheses, confirming that the lower the perceived risk associated with the purchase of dietary supplements in relation to product performance and health damage, the greater the intention of consumption by individuals in this category of product. Originality/value The confirmation of the role of risk in the consumer’s decision process leads to the observation that this risk perception is not always based on reliable information, for example, from the guidance of nutritionists and doctors. Thus, only the presentation in the communication of the effectiveness of the product and how beneficial it can be to human health, carried out by agents without technical knowledge, may not be enough for the real risks of consuming such products to be neglected. Designmethodologyapproach Design methodology approach Descriptivequantitative Descriptive quantitative al 2005 (2005 2005. . answered 20 valid hypotheses damage Originalityvalue Originality value consumers consumer s information example doctors Thus knowledge neglected 200 (200 2 (20 (2 (

RESUMO Este estudo teve como objetivo validar duas tarefas experimentais de decisão de compra em ambiente de social commerce. Esse termo se refere a interações online e contribuições dos usuários em sites com o intuito de auxiliar na aquisição de bens e serviços. Para tanto, foi desenvolvido um quase-experimento para simular a decisão de reserva de hotel e de compra de um televisor, com a aplicação da técnica de eye tracking para análise do processamento da informação. A validação das tarefas contemplou operacionalização do equipamento eye tracker e validação com especialistas e teste piloto. Por meio das métricas de fixações e dos mapas de calor foram identificadas as áreas de interesse que receberam mais atenção visual dos participantes. Destaca-se que as recomendações de produtos foram o critério mais considerado. Este estudo contribui com a compreensão sobre a busca de informações e a decisão de compra no social commerce. commerce serviços tanto quaseexperimento quase experimento televisor informação piloto participantes Destacase Destaca considerado

ABSTRACT This study aimed to validate two purchase decision experimental tasks in a social commerce environment. This refers to online interactions and their contributions to users on websites in order to assist in their acquisition of goods and services. For that purpose, a quasi-experiment was developed to simulate the decision invoved in making a hotel reservation and purchasing a TV, using the eye tracking technique to analyze the processing of information. Task validation comprised the operationalization of the eye tracker, validation with specialists, and a pilot test. The fixation metrics and heat maps identified the areas of interest that received the most visual attention from the participants. It should be noted that the products’ recommendations were the most considered criterion. This study contributes to understanding the search for information and purchase decisions in social commerce. environment services purpose quasiexperiment quasi experiment TV tracker specialists test participants products criterion

Destocking as a drought mitigation strategy exposes smallholder cattle farmers to adverse effects, including the distortion of farm planning and income loss, as cattle are sold off regardless of the market price. Factors influencing destocking as a drought mitigation strategy for smallholder cattle farmers have received less attention in the literature. The study assessed the relationship between drought and cattle destocking as well as factors that affect farmers' destocking decision. The relationship between drought and cattle destocking was assessed using correlation analysis, while determinants of destocking were identified through the zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP) regression model, which controlled for structural zeros. The research covered the period 2008-2017 using secondary data from the National Income Dynamics Study (NIDS), the South Africa Weather Service and the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO). The study found that drought has direct correlation with the quantity of beef produced in South Africa at −0.67, with a 1% significance level. Farmers' socioeconomic characteristics such as cattle herd size, income, secondary occupation, fodder purchase and ownership of land positively influenced cattle destocking decision while household size and cattle loss during drought influenced destocking decision negatively. CONTRIBUTION: The study estimated the determinants of smallholder cattle farmers' decision to destock during drought, using a count model and accounted for socioeconomic and farmer-specific factors.

BACKGROUND: South African universities are dealing with concerning socio-economic issues and budgetary limits that affect university operations negatively. It is no longer viable for most universities to purchase and maintain information technology (IT) infrastructure systems while also keeping up with the ever-changing technology across the world OBJECTIVES: The aim of this article is to explore the benefits that come with infrastructure as a service (IaaS), as compared to the on-premises model that is currently used by most South African universities METHOD: This article adopts both transaction cost theory (TCT) and diffusion of innovation theory (DOI) as the underpinning theories. The interpretivist paradigm was applied to gain a comprehensive understanding of how university management perceives IaaS adoption RESULTS: The results introduce three new and critical factors that need to be considered by university managers whenever they want to move their on-premises IT model to cloud IaaS: trust, security and attitude CONCLUSION: The research finds that IaaS offers advantages in scalability, flexibility, accessibility and on-demand deployment. These findings underscore the importance of addressing barriers to IaaS adoption within the specific context of South African universities CONTRIBUTION: The findings of this article add to the cloud computing literature, by presenting a new model that IT decision-makers can utilise when considering moving their on-premises IT infrastructure to IaaS in South African universities. The article recommends that future research could expand the number of universities from which data are collected

BACKGROUND: With the rapid development of Internet technology and social media, a growing number of companies now not only transfer their traditional offline business interactions to online but also engage in online customer relationship management, market share expansion and brand building. Consumer interaction in the virtual brand community has become progressively more important in consumers' purchase decision. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of establishing virtual brand community is to obtain brand loyalty, but the existing research rarely discusses the impact of member interaction on brand loyalty. To address this research gap, we explore the influence mechanism between virtual brand community member interaction and brand loyalty. METHOD: To verify the research hypothesis, we distributed and collected 393 valid questionnaires on wenjuan.com, one of the largest online questionnaire service companies in China. RESULTS: Our results reveal that virtual brand community members' interaction has a positive impact on brand loyalty. In addition, community identification also has a partial mediating effect. Moreover, media richness regulates the relationship between member interaction and community identification. CONCLUSION: This article mainly investigates the virtual brand community member interaction behaviours. We also explore the influences of different dimensions of virtual brand community interaction on community identification and member brand loyalty. CONTRIBUTION: This article deepens our understanding of online platform members' participance behaviours.

Abstract: In this article we address the right to rescue of enslaved people. Among the discussions about the rights and access to justice of slaves we find the question of whether or not the right to purchase oneself existed. In a universe in which the law was closely linked to conflict resolution practices, much more than to positive formulations, each decision generated an antecedent for a new case. In 1785, a slave, Juan Betbeze, married to Maria Arce, demanded his wife’s purchase from his mistress and this demand reached the Royal Audience. After three years of litigation in the courts, the slave Juan obtained a Royal Certificate issued by Carlos III by which María’s mistress was forced to sell, accepting the value offered by her husband, ordered by the King. The case thus constitutes the clear antecedent of the recognition of the right to freedom and a fair price for the Rio da Prata region. Abstract people existed practices formulations 1785 Betbeze Arce wifes wife s Audience courts Marías María sell husband King region 178 17 1

Resumen: En este artículo abordamos el derecho al autorescate. Entre las discusiones que penetran las de los derechos y del acceso a la justicia de los esclavos encontramos la de si existía o no el derecho a la compra de sí. En un universo en que el derecho estaba íntimamente ligado a prácticas de resolución de conflictos, mucho más que a formulaciones positivas, cada decisión generaba un antecedente para un nuevo caso. En 1785 un esclavizado, Juan Betbeze, casado con Maria Arce demandó a la ama de su esposa la compra de esta, llegando la demanda hasta la instancia de la Real Audiencia. Después de tres años de pleito en tribunales, el esclavo Juan consiguió una Real Cédula emitida por Carlos III por la cual Mónica Sequeira de Arce, ama de María, fue obligada a la venta por el valor ofrecido por el marido. El caso se constituye, así, en el antecedente claro del reconocimiento del derecho a la libertad y al justo precio para la región del Río de la Plata. Resumen autorescate sí conflictos positivas 178 esclavizado Betbeze esta Audiencia tribunales María marido constituye así Plata 17 1

ABSTRACT The measures implemented by governments to protect the health of citizens have generated major financial problems in this industry. The objective of this study is to analyze the impact of the pandemic on sales in the automotive industry and how continuing education and learning contribute to sales. The research methodology was a mixed, qualitative-quantitative, non-experimental cross-sectional study. The results showed that traditional brands such as Chevrolet, Hyundai and Toyota occupy the majority of the automotive market, but the presence of new brands makes this segment increasingly competitive. The pandemic has generated a significant reduction in economic revenues, which has led dealers to establish new commercial strategies, in which financing is a primary strategy to increase sales. Despite the effects of the pandemic and the reduction in economic income, customers tend to value financing facilities to acquire a vehicle, in which service plays a key role in their purchase decision. In this sense, the automotive industry needs to adapt to the changes generated by the pandemic and establish continuing education programs to improve sales and remain competitive. The results obtained in this study were used in the continuing education of professionals graduated from the Business Administration career of the Catholic University of Cuenca.

RESUMEN Las medidas implementadas por los gobiernos para proteger la salud de los ciudadanos han generado grandes problemas financieros en esta industria. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar el impacto de la pandemia en las ventas en la industria automotriz y cómo aporta la educación continua y el aprendizaje sobre las ventas. La metodología de investigación fue de carácter mixto, cuali - cuantitativo con corte transversal no experimental. Los resultados mostraron que marcas tradicionales como Chevrolet, Hyundai y Toyota ocupan la mayor parte del mercado automotriz, pero la presencia de nuevas marcas hace que este segmento sea cada vez más competitivo. La pandemia ha generado una reducción significativa en los ingresos económicos, lo que ha llevado a los concesionarios a establecer nuevas estrategias comerciales, en las que el financiamiento es una estrategia primordial para aumentar las ventas. A pesar de los efectos de la pandemia y la reducción en los ingresos económicos, los clientes tienden a valorar las facilidades de financiamiento para adquirir un vehículo, en la que el servicio ocupa un papel primordial para su decisión de compra. En este sentido, la industria automotriz necesita adaptarse a los cambios generados por la pandemia y establecer programas de educación continua para mejorar las ventas y mantenerse competitiva. Los resultados obtenidos en este estudio fueron empleados en la educación continua de profesionales graduados de la carrera de Administración de Empresas de la Universidad Católica de Cuenca.

Resumen Objetivo: Conocer las preferencias de los visitantes a las ferias del chile en nogada de San Andrés Calpan y San Nicolas de los Ranchos y estimar la Disponibilidad a Pagar (DAP). Metodología: El trabajo de campo se realizó de julio a septiembre de 2021 durante los días de las ferias del chile en nogada. Los datos se obtuvieron por medio de encuesta y entrevistas. Resultados: El precio del platillo osciló entre 150 a 200 pesos. El 72.8% manifestaron DAP un sobreprecio por consumir el platillo con ingredientes de la región. Limitaciones: Debemos anotar que por problemas de logística debido a la pandemia de covid no fue posible ampliar la muestra a otras ferias del chile en nogada en el estado de Puebla. Conclusiones: Los consumidores del platillo chile en nogada conocen los ingredientes y el origen de estos y sí mostraron DAP por consumirlo. Los factores socioeconómicos inciden en la decisión de compra; estos podrían usarse para el diseño de una estrategia de promoción del platillo.

Abstract Objectives: The goal of this work was to know the preferences of visitors to the chile in nogada fairs in San Andrés Calpan and San Nicolas de los Ranchos municipalities and to estimate the Willingness to Pay (WTP). Methodology: The field work to get the data, was carried out July to September 2021 during the days of the chile in nogada fairs. The data was obtained by survey and interviews. Results: The price of the dish was between $150 to $200. 72.8% WTP declared an overprice for consuming the dish with ingredients from the region. Limitations: Due to logistical problems due to the covid pandemic, it was not possible to expand the exhibition to other chile in nogada fairs in the state of Puebla. Conclusions: Consumers of the chile in nogada dish know the ingredients and their origin and showed WTP for consuming it. Socioeconomic factors affect the purchase decision; These could be used to design a promotional strategy for the dish.