Abstract The city of Parras de la Fuente, Coahuila is characterized by having criollo avocado trees with different morphological properties. However, very little information is available on their fruit nutritional and sensory characteristics. The objective of this work was to perform the bromatological, mineral, phytochemical and sensory characterization of 7 avocado landraces. The proximal analysis was carried out using standardized tests by the AOAC (2019), while the phytochemical content was determined using HPLC/MS equipment. Subsequently, the samples were evaluated using a hedonic test. The bromatological analysis showed significant differences in the total of the samples for the different response variables, which indicates the great genetic diversity among the sampled trees. The mineral that were determined in the highest concentration were Potassium, Magnesium and Calcium. Thirty-eight different phytochemical compounds were identified in the fruits, with a greater presence of flavones. While the sensory analysis showed a significant difference among the avocado landraces for the evaluated attributes. The flavor and texture attributes were the most important for the consumer preference. Different environmental factors (soil, climate, altitude, latitude, maturity) modify the nutritional composition of the avocado and its organoleptic characteristics. The results of this work may help propagation, fruit diversification and development of companies focused on this fruit in Parras de la Fuente, Coahuila.

Resumen La ciudad de Parras de la Fuente, Coahuila, se caracteriza por tener árboles de aguacate criollo con diferentes propiedades morfológicas. Sin embargo, es muy poca la información que se tiene sobre las características nutrimentales y sensoriales de los frutos de estos árboles. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue caracterizar bromatológica, mineral, fitoquímica y sensorial 7 aguacates criollos, obtenidos de diferentes árboles. El análisis proximal se realizó mediante pruebas estandarizadas por la AOAC (2019), mientras que el contenido de fitoquímicos se determinó en un equipo HPLC/MS. Posteriormente, las muestras se evaluaron mediante una prueba hedónica. El análisis bromatológico arrojó diferencias significativas en el total de las muestras para las diferentes variables de respuesta, lo que indica la gran diversidad genética entre los árboles muestreados. Los minerales que se determinaron en mayor concentración fueron Potasio, Magnesio y Calcio. Se identificaron 38 compuestos fitoquímicos diferentes en los frutos, con mayor presencia de flavonas, mientras que el análisis sensorial arrojó una diferencia significativa entre los criollos en las variables evaluadas. Los atributos de sabor y textura resultaron los más importantes para la preferencia del consumidor. Diferentes factores ambientales (suelo, clima, altitud, latitud, madurez) modifican la composición nutrimental del aguacate y sus características organolépticas. Los resultados de este trabajo pudieran ayudar a la propagación, diversificación frutícola y desarrollo de empresas enfocadas en este fruto en Parras de la Fuente, Coahuila.

RESUMO: A qualidade e a produtividade de um vinhedo estão relacionadas com a biomassa do dossel e o vigor foliar, e técnicas de sensoriamento próximo têm sido utilizadas como alternativas aos métodos convencionais para estimar esses parâmetros. O conhecimento do teor de clorofila é fundamental para as avaliações fitossanitárias. No entanto, índices de clorofila também podem ser extraídos de espectros de refletância obtidos para uma ampla gama de aplicações. Nesta perspectiva, foram investigadas as relações entre os índices de clorofila obtidos por medidas diretas e derivados de radiometria de campo, com o objetivo de avaliar a acurácia do teor de clorofila previsto. A investigação foi realizada em plantas da variedade Cabernet Sauvignon, baseando-se em levantamentos diretos de clorofila, espectrorradiometria foliar e na derivação de Índices de Vegetação Hiperespectrais (HVIs), sendo a aquisição de dados realizada em duas fases do ciclo vegetativo. Os resultados das estimativas mostraram que os maiores coeficientes de determinação expressando a correlação entre medições e predições foram obtidas para Chl a e Chl a/Chl b modeladas pelo algoritmo RFR, com valores de R ² tão altos quanto 0,8 e erros quadráticos médios tão baixos quanto 0,093. Com relação aos HVIs, o Photochemical Reflectance Index (PRI) calculado para a segunda data de aquisição, correspondente às folhas que atingiram a senescência, foi o que produziu o maior percentual de explicações de predição. Em conclusão, sugere-se que este estudo pode trazer uma contribuição significativa para o desenvolvimento de técnicas não invasivas de monitoramento de vinhedos. RESUMO parâmetros fitossanitárias entanto aplicações perspectiva campo previsto Sauvignon baseandose baseando se HVIs , (HVIs) vegetativo aChl RFR 08 0 8 0, 0093 093 0,093 PRI (PRI senescência predição conclusão sugerese sugere vinhedos (HVIs 009 09 0,09 00 0,0

ABSTRACT: Quality and yield of a vineyard are related to canopy biomass and leaf vigor, and proximal techniques have been used as alternatives to conventional methods to estimate these parameters. Knowledge on chlorophyll content is crucial to plant health assessments. However, chlorophyll indices can also be extracted from reflectance spectra obtained for an ample range of applications. In this perspective, relations between chlorophyll indices obtained by direct measurements and derived from field radiometry were investigated, with the aim to assess the accuracy of predicted chlorophyll content. The investigation was performed on Cabernet Sauvignon vines, being based on direct chlorophyll surveys, vine leaf spectroradiometry and the derivation of Hyperspectral Vegetation Indices (HVIs), with data acquisition being performed on two stages of the vegetative cycle. Direct chlorophyll data was compared with predicted indices using two machine learning algorithms: Partial Least-Squares Regression (PLSR) and Random Forest Regressor (RFR), using data from reflectance spectra and derived HVIs. The higher correlations between measurements and predictions were obtained for ChlaandChl a/Chl b modeled by the RFR algorithm, with R 2 values as high as 0.8 and Root Mean Squared Errors as low as 0.093. With respect to HVIs, the Photochemical Reflectance Index (PRI) calculated for the second acquisition date, corresponding to leaves reaching senescence was the one which produced the highest percentage of prediction explanations. This study can bring a significant contribution to the development of non-invasive techniques to vine monitoring. ABSTRACT vigor parameters assessments However applications perspective investigated vines surveys HVIs , (HVIs) cycle algorithms LeastSquares Least Squares PLSR (PLSR RFR, (RFR) aChl Chl algorithm 08 0 8 0. 0093 093 0.093 PRI (PRI date explanations noninvasive non invasive monitoring (HVIs (RFR 009 09 0.09 00 0.0

ABSTRACT Agroindustrial potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) waste mainly includes peel and pulp; however, potatoes of low industrial quality are also discarded by industry. A viable alternative to give added value to these byproducts is the use of these as seeds, as well as the use of starch. The objective of this work was to evaluate the physiological quality (germination and vigor), starch content and relationship between these variables in discarded tubers from the industry through chemical-structural analyses to better understand their influence on starch composition. The physiological quality of the potatoes was evaluated through germination and vigor tests; likewise, starch was extracted, and the yield was determined. Physicochemical characterization of the starches was carried out through proximal and structural analysis using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The results showed that the tubers had 100.00% germination and 98.66% vigor and were suitable for use as seeds. The starch yield did not significantly differ. However, characterization of the starch revealed significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) in moisture, ash, carbohydrate and amylose contents, which were influenced by the storage temperature (4 °C) of the tubers subjected to a vigor test, which interferes with enzymatic activity. During germination, the NMR results showed type B crystallinity, which is typical of tubers, indicating that the viability tests did not promote changes in the type of crystallinity. The results obtained can help us understand the effect of germination on the composition of starch and, accordingly, choose the most appropriate applications for this starch, whether food or nonfood.

ABSTRACT After 60 days of experimentation, the effect of three diets based on chemical silage (CHS) and black bean sprouts (BS) was evaluated (DC = control diet; D1 = CHS; D2 = BS; D3 = CHS+BS) on enzymatic defense (activity of superoxide dismutase, SOD, and catalase, CAT) in the liver of tilapia, and production parameters (weight gain, protein efficiency rate, survival, feed conversion factor), prior chemical characterization of CHS, BS and the experimental diets (proximate chemical analysis, amino acids, fatty acids, anti-nutritional substances, total phenols (TPH), total flavonoids (TFl) and antioxidant capacity (AC). A randomized block design was applied with three replications using 120 masculinized GIFT tilapia juveniles of average weight of 9.6 ± 0.12 g. TPH, TFlv, and AC were analyzed by Pearson, and correlation coefficient, enzymatic activity, and productive parameters were evaluated with a one-way ANOVA and a Tukey post-hoc test (95%). Survival was 100% in all treatments and there were significant differences (p<0.05) in the effect on diets. The best diet in growth and production parameters in the fish was D3, suggesting a synergy between the components of CHS and BS. This last component was a source of antioxidants that improved SOD and CAT activities, promising health promotion. D3 represents an alternative food for the growth and health promotion of tilapia, prior challenge testing and evaluation with adverse factors, and verifying its efficiency in the following growth stages under real conditions.

RESUMEN Después 60 días de experimentación se evaluó el efecto de tres dietas a base de ensilado químico (EQ) y germinado de frijol negro (GF) (DC = dieta control; D1 = EQ; D2 = GF; D3 = EQ+GF) sobre la defensa enzimática (superóxido dismutasa, SOD, y catalasa, CAT ) del hígado de tilapias y los parámetros de producción (ganancia de peso, tasa de eficiencia proteica, sobrevivencia, factor de conversión alimenticia), previa caracterización química del EQ, GF y las dietas experimentales (análisis químico proximal, aminoácidos, ácidos grasos, sustancias antinutrionales, fenoles totales (CFT), flavonoides totales (FlvT) y capacidad antioxidante (CA). Fue aplicado un diseño de bloques al azar con tres réplicas utilizando 120 juveniles de tilapia var GIFT masculinizados con peso promedio 9.6 ± 0.12 g. El CFT, FlvT y CA fueron analizados mediante Pearson y coeficiente de correlación, la actividad enzimática y parámetros productivos con ANOVA de una vía y a posteriori Tukey (95%). La sobrevivencia fue 100% en todos los tratamientos y hubo diferencias significativas (p<0.05) del efecto entre las dietas, siendo la D3 la mejor en crecimiento y parámetros de producción en los peces, sugiriendo una sinergia entre los componentes del EQ y el GF. Este último fue una fuente de antioxidantes que mejoró las actividades SOD y CAT, prometiendo promoción de la salud. La D3 representa una alternativa alimenticia para el crecimiento y promoción de la salud de la tilapia, previa prueba de desafío y evaluación con factores adversos, y comprobar su eficiencia en las siguientes etapas de crecimiento bajo condiciones reales.

Resumo Introdução: A dissecção endoscópica da submucosa (ESD) é uma técnica endoscópica com demonstrada eficácia nas lesões neoplásicas superficiais colorectais. No entanto, a evidência da sua eficácia nas lesões localizadas na junção ano-rectal é escassa. O nosso objectivo foi avaliar a segurança e eficácia da ESD nas lesões da junção ano-rectal (menos de 2 cm da linha pectínea), em comparação com as lesões mais proximais do recto. Métodos: Análise retrospectiva de registos colhidos prospectivamente de dois centros europeus de referência, entre 2015 e 2021. Resultados: Foram incluídas 252 lesões. Sessenta (24%) localizavam-se na junção ano-rectal, e as restantes 192 noutro local do recto. O sucesso técnico foi de 98% (n = 248) e foi semelhante nas 2 localizações (p = 0.246). A maioria das lesões eram displasias de alto grau/Tis (54%); 36 (15%) tinham adenocarcinoma submucoso, tendo 20 invasão submucosa superficial (sm1) e 16 invasão profunda (>SM1). Não foram encontradas diferenças entre as duas localizações relativamente às taxas de ressecção em bloco (100% vs. 96%, p = 0.204), R0 (76% vs. 75%, p = 0.531), ou curativa (70% vs. 70%, p = 0.920), duração da ESD (mediana 120 min vs. 90 min, p = 0.072), velocidade da ESD (14 vs. 12 mm2/min, p = 0.415) ou resultado histológico (p = 0.053), assim como na necessidade de cirurgia por ESD não curativa (5% vs. 3%, p = 0.739). Além disso, as taxas de hemorragia tardia (7% vs. 8%, p = 0.709), perfuração (0% vs. 5%, p = 0.075) e necessidade de internamento por complicações (2% vs. 2%, p = 0.939) não revelaram diferenças estatisticamente significativas. A estenose ano-rectal (5% vs. 0%, p = 0.003) e a dor ano-rectal (9% vs. 1%, p = 0.002) foram mais frequentes nas lesões da junção ano-rectal. Conclusão: A ESD é uma técnica segura e eficaz no tratamento das lesões do recto localizadas na junção ano-rectal.

Abstract Introduction: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a well-established resection technique for colorectal superficial tumors, but its role in the treatment of anorectal junction (ARJ) lesions still remains to be determined. With this study, we aimed to evaluate the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of ESD for the resection of ARJ lesions, in comparison to more proximal rectal lesions. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data concerning all consecutive rectal ESD procedures performed in two European centers, from 2015 to 2021. Results: A total of two hundred and fifty-two rectal lesions were included. Sixty (24%) were ARJ lesions, and the remaining 192 (76%) were located proximally. Technical success was achieved in 248 procedures (98%), and its rate was similar in both locations (p = 0.246). Most of the lesions presented high-grade dysplasia/Tis adenocarcinoma (54%); 36 (15%) had submucosal adenocarcinoma, including 20 superficial (sm1) and 16 deeply invasive (>SM1) T1 cancers. We found no differences between ARJ and rectal lesions in regard to en bloc resection rate (100% vs. 96%, p = 0.204), R0 resection rate (76% vs. 75%, p = 0.531), curative resection rate (70% vs. 70%, p = 0.920), procedures’ median duration (120 min vs. 90 min, p = 0.072), ESD velocity (14 vs. 12 mm2/min, p = 0.415), histopathology result (p = 0.053), and the need for surgery due to a non-curative ESD (5% vs. 3%, p = 0.739). Also, there was no statistically significant difference that concerns delayed bleeding (7% vs. 8%, p = 0.709), perforation (0% vs. 5%, p = 0.075), or the need for readmission (2% vs. 2%, p = 0.939). Nevertheless, anorectal stenosis (5% vs. 0%, p = 0.003) and anorectal pain (9% vs. 1%, p = 0.002) were significantly more frequent in ARJ lesions. Conclusion: ESD is a safe and efficient resection technique for the treatment of rectal lesions located in the ARJ.

Abstract The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplementation the diet of pigs with grape pomace preserved in silage form (GPS) and its interaction with indoor and outdoor production systems, with and without access to vegetation, on the attributes of meat quality produced. Analyzes of proximal composition, cholesterol content, fatty acid profile, shear force, texture profile and sensory analysis were performed. During cold storage, oxidative stability and objective color were analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed in a 3x2 factorial design (production systems (S) x GPS-feed (F)) and the interaction between them (S*F). The results showed that there was no interaction between the production system and GPS feeding for the attributes evaluated. The proximate composition and fatty acid profile of the muscle remained unchanged. Additionally, it provides higher subjective and objective tenderness, higher red color intensity, and reduces lipid oxidation under refrigeration. The supplementation of pig feed with GPS improve the quality of the meat and constitute a sustainable alternative for the winemaking residue. (GPS vegetation produced content force storage analyzed 3x S (S GPSfeed F (F) S*F. SF S*F . (S*F) evaluated unchanged Additionally tenderness intensity refrigeration residue (F (S*F

ABSTRACT One of the most common dental procedures is tooth extraction; however, the bone defect resulting from the process is only partially restored, leading to considerable bone loss. To rehabilitate a fully or partially edentulous patient, we must handle these sites with delicate surgical procedures. There is a large literature presenting attempts to overcome the negative effects of a dental extraction, with the aim of reducing tissue volume loss or restoring the alveolar architecture. In this context, Partial Extraction Therapy (PET) represents a subgroup of interventions to prevent bone loss after extraction using the tooth itself to prevent alveolar bone loss. This literature review aims to make a survey of the published articles on PET, with an emphasis on socket shield technique, and to explain the other techniques such as root burial, pontic-shield and proximal socket-shield, their indications and counter indications in order to deepen the knowledge of these techniques. To identify the included or considered studies, we adopted a detailed search strategy for MEDLINE and Cochrane Library focused in the last 31 years, whose language was English, Spanish or Portuguese. This text presents an analysis of current data regarding the alternatives for alveolar preservation and the installation of immediate implants in these areas, presenting the possibility of a different surgical technique. However, due to the immaturity and lack of conclusive scientific evidence regarding the predictability of the procedures, it is considered that the use of the socket shield technique must be done in an extremely cautious way. however restored patient architecture context PET (PET burial ponticshield pontic socketshield, socketshield shield, socket-shield studies 3 years English Portuguese areas However way

RESUMO Um dos procedimentos odontológicos mais comuns é a extração dentária, contudo, , o defeito ósseo decorrente do processo é apenas parcialmente restaurado, levando a uma perda ossea volumétrica consideravel. Para reabilitar um paciente totalmente ou parcialmente desdentado, devemos manusear estes sitios com intervenções cirúrgicas delicadas. Há uma vasta literatura apresentando tentativas de transpor os efeitos negativos de uma extração dentária, com o objetivo de diminuir a perda volumétrica tecidual ou restaurar a arquitetura alveolar. Neste contexto, a Terapia de Extração Parcial (TEP) representa um subgrupo de intervenções para prevenir a perda óssea após exodontia, usando o próprio dente para prevenir a perda óssea alveolar. Essa revisão de literatura tem por objetivo fazer um levantamento dos artigos publicados sobre as TEP, com ênfase na técnica de socket shield, e explanar a cerca das demais técnicas como sepultamento radicular, pontic-shield e proximal socket-shield, suas indicações e contra-indicações, a fim de aprofundar o conhecimento dessas técnicas. Para a identificação dos estudos inclui?dos ou considerados, adotamos a estrate?gia de busca detalhada para os bancos MEDLINE e Biblioteca Cochrane nos u?ltimos 31 anos, cujo idioma fosse o ingle?s, espanhol ou o portugue?s. Este texto, apresenta uma análise de dados atuais a respeito das alternativas para a preservação alveolar e instalação de implantes imediatos nestas áreas, apresentando a possibilidade de uma técnica cirúrgica diferenciada. No entanto, devido a imaturidade e falta de comprovação cientifica contundente a respeito da previsibilidade dos procedimentos, considera-se que o emprego da técnica de socket shield deve ser feito de forma cautelosa. dentária contudo restaurado consideravel desdentado delicadas contexto TEP (TEP exodontia radicular ponticshield pontic socketshield, socketshield socket-shield contraindicações, contraindicações contra indicações, contra-indicações incluidos inclui considerados estrategia estrate gia ultimos u ltimos 3 anos ingles, ingles ingle s, s ingle?s portugues. portugues portugue s. portugue?s texto áreas diferenciada entanto considerase considera se cautelosa

This study investigated the effects of a foot core intervention on the coordination of foot joints in recreational runners. This was a secondary analysis from a randomized controlled trial conducted with 87 recreational runners allocated to the control group (CG), which followed a placebo lower limb stretching protocol, or the intervention group (IG), which underwent an 8-week (3 times/week) foot core training. The participants ran on a force-instrumented treadmill at a self-selected speed (9.5-10.5 km/h) while the foot segment motion was captured. The vector coding technique was used to assess inter-joint coordination for four selected coupled segment and joint angles. The coordination patterns of the calcaneus and midfoot (CalMid) and midfoot and metatarsus (MidMet) joint pairs were affected. In the frontal plane, IG showed an in-phase with proximal dominancy coordination at heel strike, with a decrease in its frequency after the training (P=0.018), suggesting a longer foot supination. Additionally, IG showed an anti-phase with distal dominancy pattern at early stance compared to CG due to a smaller but earlier inversion of the CalMid-MidMet pair (P=0.020). The intervention also had an effect on the transverse plane of the CalMid-MidMet pair, with IG showing a significantly greater frequency of anti-phase coordination with proximal dominancy during propulsion than CG (P=0.013), probably due to a reduction in the CalMid abduction. Overall, the results suggested that the foot core intervention reduces the occurrence of running-related injuries by increasing the resistance to calcaneus pronation and building a more rigid and efficient lever during push-off. 8 CG, , (CG) protocol IG, (IG) 8week week 3 ( times/week timesweek times forceinstrumented force instrumented selfselected self 9.510.5 95105 9.5 10.5 9 5 10 (9.5-10. km/h kmh km h captured interjoint inter angles (CalMid MidMet (MidMet affected inphase phase strike P=0.018, P0018 P P=0.018 0 018 (P=0.018) supination Additionally antiphase anti CalMidMidMet P=0.020. P0020 P=0.020 . 020 (P=0.020) P=0.013, P0013 P=0.013 013 (P=0.013) abduction Overall runningrelated running related pushoff. pushoff push off. off push-off (CG (IG 510 9.510. 9510 95 9. 105 10. 1 (9.5-10 P001 P=0.01 01 (P=0.018 P002 P=0.02 02 (P=0.020 (P=0.013 51 9.510 951 (9.5-1 P00 P=0.0 (P=0.01 (P=0.02 9.51 (9.5- P0 P=0. (P=0.0 (9.5 P=0 (P=0. (9. P= (P=0 (9 (P= (P

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality, germination, storage conditions and nutritional composition of the seeds quinoa cultivars from the department of Boyacá, Amarilla de Maranganí, Quinua Semi amarga, Quinua Primavera, and Quinua Real, by determining the color of the pericarp, perigonium and the edge of the seed, germination capacity of the cultivars stored at -20 and -4°C, the imbibition rate, the grain diameter, fresh and dry weight of 100 seeds and the moisture percentage and proximal analyses. The cylindrical grain shape was common among cultivars. Amarilla Maranganí was outstanding, with weights greater than 0.40 g. The diameter of the seed was higher in Amarilla Maranganí (2.67 mm), while the smallest diameter (2.25 mm) was presented by Quinoa Real. Moisture contents were similar between materials. Quinoa Real presented the highest protein content (12.25%). Amarilla de Maranganí had the highest ash content (3.77/100 g of sample), and Quinoa Real presented the highest number of calories (366.97 g.100 g-1 of fresh weight), but the lowest amount of carbohydrates (66.96 g.100 g-1 of fresh weight) and the least amount of lipids, with 3.69 g.100 g-1 fw. We found high significant and positive correlations (r = 0.94) between calories and fat, and high significant and negative correlations (r = -093) between protein and ash. Cluster analysis grouped cultivars according to moisture, carbohydrate, protein, lipid, and ash content. It was determined that storage conditions (temperature and moisture) are fundamental for the nutritional quality of the seeds. Boyacá amarga Primavera pericarp 20 -2 4°C, 4C C 4 -4°C rate 10 analyses outstanding 040 0 40 0.4 2.67 267 2 67 (2.6 mm, mm , 2.25 225 25 (2.2 materials 12.25%. 1225 12.25% . 12 (12.25%) 3.77/100 377100 3 77 (3.77/10 sample, sample sample) 366.97 36697 366 97 (366.9 g100 g.10 g1 1 g- weight, 66.96 6696 66 96 (66.9 lipids 369 69 3.6 fw r 0.94 094 94 fat 093 -093 carbohydrate lipid temperature - 4°C 04 0. 2.6 26 6 (2. 2.2 22 122 12.25 (12.25% 3.77/10 37710 7 (3.77/1 366.9 3669 36 9 (366. g10 g.1 66.9 669 (66. 3. 0.9 09 -09 2. (2 12.2 (12.25 3.77/1 3771 (3.77/ 366. (366 66. (66 -0 ( 12. (12.2 3.77/ 377 (3.77 (36 (6 (12. 3.77 37 (3.7 (3 (12 3.7 (3. (1

ABSTRACT Seeking the improvement of equine sports medicine, the present work aimed to determine quantitative data from different bone structures. Therefore, the objective of this work was to quantify the thickness of the cortex in a comparative way to determine the bone densitometry and also the bone density of the bone trabeculae of the spongy substance of the radius, calcaneus, and metacarpal III bones of horses practicing equestrian enduro long-distance running tests. Six thoroughbred Arabian horses and long-distance competitors (120 and 160km) were evaluated for metacarpal III, calcaneus, and accessory carpal bone. Long bones have a different micro functional structure than short bones. The sites that received and dissipated energy varied in distal, proximal epiphysis, and diaphysis according to the bone. The calcaneus and accessory carpal bone had a lower transverse thickness of the compact substance and greater density of the same, this increase was related to the improvement of local resistance. The density of the spongy substance varied with different bones. Thus, it was concluded that stress directly influenced the quantity and quality of the compact and spongy substance. medicine structures Therefore radius longdistance long distance tests 120 (12 160km km distal epiphysis same resistance Thus 12 (1 1 (

RESUMO O presente trabalho teve como objetivo buscar o aperfeiçoamento da medicina equina esportiva, mediante a determinação de dados quantitativos, de diferentes estruturas ósseas. Para tanto, quantificou-se, de forma comparativa, a espessura do córtex, determinou-se a densitometria óssea e ainda a densidade óssea das trabéculas ósseas da substância esponjosa dos ossos rádio, calcâneo e metacárpico III de equinos praticantes de prova de longa distância de enduro equestre. Foram avaliados seis equinos, da raça Puro Sangue Árabe, competidores de longa distância (120 e 160km). Ocorreu adaptação dos ossos rádio, metacárpico III, calcâneo e osso acessório do carpo, por influência do esforço ao longo da vida atlética de equinos da raça Árabe que percorreram longas distâncias em provas de enduro equestre. Os ossos longos apresentaram estrutura microfuncional diferente dos ossos curtos. Os locais que receberam e dissiparam energia variaram em epífise distal, proximal e diáfise, de acordo com o osso. O calcâneo e o osso acessório do carpo apresentaram menor espessura transversal de substância compacta e maior densidade dela; esse aumento foi relacionado à melhora da resistência local. A densidade da substância esponjosa variou de acordo com os diferentes ossos. Desse modo, concluiu-se que o estresse influenciou diretamente sobre a quantidade e a qualidade da substância compacta e esponjosa. esportiva quantitativos tanto quantificouse, quantificouse quantificou se, se quantificou-se comparativa córtex determinouse determinou rádio equestre 120 (12 160km. 160km km . 160km) curtos distal diáfise dela local modo concluiuse concluiu 12 (1 1 (

ABSTRACT Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa willd) and lentils (Lens culinaris) are ingredients used to enrich or substitute gluten in pasta manufacture due to their high nutritional content. The objective of this work was to develop quinoa noodles with lentils that have similar or superior attributes compared to the product with gluten. Therefore, we evaluated the cooking properties (cooking quality, hydration, rheology), color, and texture profile of noodles developed with different concentrations (10%, 20%, and 30%) of lentil flour (LF) in comparison to commercial wheat pasta (control). ANOVA comparisons were performed on cooking and texture profile attributes, with the best treatment being the one with values that did not significantly differ from the control sample (T0). Thus, T3 (70% quinoa grits and 30% LF) is the formulation that presents better and/or similar attributes to those of the control sample. Chenopodium willd Lens culinaris content Therefore quality hydration rheology, rheology , rheology) color 10%, 10 (10% 20 20% 30 LF (LF control. . (control) T0. T0 T (T0) Thus 70% 70 (70 andor 10% 1 (10 2 3 (control (T0 7 (7 (1 (T (

RESUMO Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa willd) e lentilhas (Lens culinaris) são ingredientes utilizados para enriquecer ou substituir o glúten em massas devido ao seu alto conteúdo nutricional. O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver um macarrão de quinoa com lentilha com atributos semelhantes ou superiores ao produto com glúten. Para tanto, realizamos análise proximal e avaliamos as propriedades de cozimento (qualidade de cozimento, hidratação e reología), perfil de cor e textura de massas desenvolvidas com diferentes concentrações (10%, 20% e 30%) de farinha de lentilha (LF). Comparações de ANOVA foram realizadas nos atributos de cozimento e perfil de textura, sendo o melhor tratamento aquele com valores que não diferiram significativamente da amostra controle (T0). Assim, T3 é a formulação que apresenta atributos melhores e/ou semelhantes aos da amostra controle. Chenopodium willd Lens culinaris nutricional tanto qualidade reología, reología , reología) 10%, 10 (10% 20 30% 30 LF. LF . (LF) T0. T0 T (T0) Assim eou 10% 1 (10 2 3 (LF (T0 (1 (T (

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of resection and extended end-to-end anastomosis between neonate and infant patients with coarctation. METHODS: This study was designed retrospectively and included 41 neonate (<30 days) and infant (30 days to 1 year) patients who were operated on using the resection and extended end-to-end anastomosis technique for aortic coarctation. Preoperative aortic annulus diameters and Z scores, all aortic arch diameters and Z scores, the presence of hypoplastic aortic segment, and the presence of prematurity were reviewed in both groups. Subsequently, we investigated whether these parameters were statistically related to the residual gradient in the operation area, whether there was a need for early re-intervention, and what was the incidence of mortality in the early postoperative period. In addition, the aortic arch Z scores of the patients at 6 months postoperatively were examined. RESULTS: While the mean age (p<0.001), body weight (p<0.001), and proximal arch Z score (p=0.029) were found to be significantly lower in the neonate group than in the infant group, the total length of the intensive care unit stay (p=0.013) and the total length of hospital stay (p=0.017) were found to be significantly higher. In addition, significant enlargement was detected in the proximal arch, distal arch, and isthmus segments in both patient groups. CONCLUSION: The resection and extended end-to-end anastomosis is an equally effective technique that can provide a marked decrease in gradient in the coarctation area and a significant enlargement of the aortic arch segments in the early period after coarctation repair in both neonate and infant patients. OBJECTIVE endtoend end METHODS 4 <30 30 (<3 (3 year segment groups Subsequently reintervention, reintervention re intervention, intervention re-intervention addition examined RESULTS p<0.001, p0001 p p<0.001 , 0 001 (p<0.001) p=0.029 p0029 029 (p=0.029 p=0.013 p0013 013 (p=0.013 p=0.017 p0017 017 (p=0.017 higher CONCLUSION <3 3 (< ( p000 p<0.00 00 (p<0.001 p=0.02 p002 02 (p=0.02 p=0.01 p001 01 (p=0.01 < p00 p<0.0 (p<0.00 p=0.0 (p=0.0 p0 p<0. (p<0.0 p=0. (p=0. p<0 (p<0. p=0 (p=0 p< (p<0 p= (p= (p< (p

Abstract Objective To evaluate the stability of osteotomies created in the subtrochanteric and trochanteric regions in a pediatric femur model fixed by flexible intramedullary rods. Methods Tomographic sections were obtained from a pediatric femur model with two elastic titanium rods and converted to a three-dimensional model. This model created a mesh with tetrahedral elements according to the finite element method. Three virtual models were obtained, and osteotomies were performed in different regions: mediodiaphyseal, subtrochanteric, and trochanteric. A vertical load of 85N was applied to the top of the femoral head, obtaining the displacements, the maximum and minimum main stress, and the equivalent Von Mises stress on the implant. Results With the applied load, displacements were observed at the osteotomy site of 0.04 mm in the diaphyseal group, 0.5 mm in the subtrochanteric group, and 0.06 mm in the trochanteric group. The maximum stress in the diaphyseal, subtrochanteric, and trochanteric groups was 10.4 Pa, 7.52 Pa, and 26.4 Pa, respectively. That is around 40% higher in the trochanteric group in regards to the diaphyseal (control). The minimum stress of the bone was located in the inner cortical of the femur. The equivalent Von Mises stress on the implants occurred at osteotomy, with a maximum value of 27.6 Pa in the trochanteric group. Conclusion In both trochanteric and subtrochanteric osteotomies, fixation stability was often lower than in the diaphyseal model, suggesting that flexible intramedullary nails are not suitable implants for proximal femoral fixations. threedimensional three dimensional method mediodiaphyseal N head implant 004 0 04 0.0 05 5 0. 006 06 104 10 4 10. 752 7 52 7.5 264 26 26. respectively 40 control. control . (control) 276 27 6 27. fixations 00 1 75 7. 2 (control

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar a estabilidade de osteotomias criadas nas regiões subtrocantérica e trocantérica em modelo de fêmur pediátrico, fixadas por hastes intramedulares flexíveis. Método A partir de um modelo de fêmur pediátrico com duas hastes elásticas de titânio, foram obtidos cortes tomográficos que foram convertidos para um modelo tridimensional. Neste modelo foi criado uma malha com elementos tetraédricos, de acordo com o método dos elementos finitos. Foram obtidos três modelos virtuais, e realizadas osteotomias em regiões diferentes: mediodiafisária, subtrocantérica e trocantérica. Foi aplicado um carregamento vertical de 85N no topo da cabeça do fêmur, obtidos os deslocamentos, a tensão máxima e mínima principal e tensão equivalente de Von Mises no implante. Resultados Com o carregamento aplicado foram observados deslocamentos no local da osteotomia de 0,04mm no grupo diafisário, 0,5mm no subtrocantérico e 0,06mm no trocantérico. A tensão máxima principal foi 10,4Pa, 7,52Pa e 26,4Pa nos grupos diafisário, subtrocantérico e trocantérico, respectivamente. Ou seja, a tensão máxima foi em torno de 40% maior no grupo trocantérico, em relação ao diafisário (controle). A face de tensão mínima do osso localizou-se na cortical interna do fêmur. A tensão equivalente de Von Mises nos implantes ocorreu na osteotomia, com valor máximo de 27,6Pa no grupo trocantérico. Conclusão Tanto nas osteotomias no nível trocantérico, quanto subtrocantérico, a estabilidade da fixação foi muitas vezes menor que no modelo diafisário, sugerindo que as hastes intramedulares flexíveis não são implantes adequados para as fixações proximais do fêmur. titânio tridimensional tetraédricos finitos virtuais diferentes mediodiafisária N implante 004mm mm 0 04mm 05mm 5mm 006mm 06mm trocantérico 104Pa Pa 10 4Pa 10,4Pa 752Pa 7 52Pa 264Pa 26 respectivamente seja 40 controle. controle . (controle) localizouse localizou se 276Pa 27 6Pa 1 2 4 (controle

Abstract Objective To compare the functional outcomes of two circular external fixation techniques to treat complex fractures of the proximal end of the tibia. Materials and Methods The present is a retrospective cohort study with 51 patients who underwent surgical treatment for complex fractures of the tibial plateau with a circular external fixator. There were two groups of patients: 12 subjects underwent treatment with the classic assembly technique, and 39 subjects underwent treatment with the simplified technique. The variables analyzed included age, sex, injury mechanism, trauma energy, associated injuries, fixator type, time of fixator use, and clinical-radiographic outcomes. The classic technique mainly uses transfixing Kirschner wires, while the simplified one replaces the Kirschner wires with Schanz pins in the distal block of the circular external fixator. Result There were no statistically significant differences (p> 0.05) between the two groups concerning the clinical-radiographic outcomes, including fracture consolidation, quality of joint fracture reduction, range of motion, lower limbs residual discrepancy, and postoperative pain. Conclusion We suggest that the simplified technique, using Schanz pins instead of Kirschner wires, can be a viable and effective alternative to treat complex fractures of the proximal end of the tibia with a circular external fixator. This simplified approach can offer benefits, such as a lower infection rate and greater patient comfort, without compromising clinical and radiographic outcomes, thus justifying its use. 5 1 3 age sex mechanism energy injuries type use clinicalradiographic p> p (p 0.05 005 0 05 consolidation reduction motion discrepancy pain benefits comfort 0.0 00 0.

Resumo Objetivo Comparar os resultados funcionais entre duas técnicas de fixação externa circular utilizadas no tratamento de fraturas complexas da extremidade proximal da tíbia. Materiais e Métodos Trata-se de um estudo de coorte retrospectivo, com 51 pacientes submetidos ao tratamento cirúrgico de fraturas complexas do planalto tibial com fixador externo circular. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos: 12 pacientes tratados com a técnica clássica e 39 pacientes tratados com a técnica simplificada. As variáveis analisadas incluíram idade, sexo, mecanismo da lesão, energia do trauma, lesões associadas, tipo de fixador, tempo de uso do fixador e resultados clínico-radiográficos. A técnica clássica lança mão principalmente de fios de Kirschner transfixantes, e a simplificada substitui os fios de Kirschner por pinos de Schanz no bloco distal do fixador externo circular. Resultados A partir da comparação das montagens, não encontramos diferenças estatisticamente significativas (p> 00,5) entre os dois grupos em relação aos resultados clínico-radiográficos, incluindo a consolidação da fratura, a qualidade da redução da fratura articular, a amplitude de movimento, a discrepância residual na medida dos membros inferiores e a dor do paciente no pós-operatório. Conclusão Sugerimos que a técnica simplificada, utilizando pinos de Schanz no lugar dos fios de Kirschner, pode ser uma alternativa viável e eficaz no tratamento de fraturas complexas da extremidade proximal da tíbia com fixador externo circular. Essa abordagem simplificada pode oferecer benefícios, como menor taxa de infecção e maior conforto para o paciente, sem comprometer os resultados clínicos e radiográficos, o que justifica, o seu uso. Tratase Trata se retrospectivo 5 1 3 idade sexo lesão trauma associadas clínicoradiográficos. clínicoradiográficos clínico radiográficos. radiográficos clínico-radiográficos transfixantes montagens p> p (p 00,5 005 00 clínicoradiográficos, articular movimento pósoperatório. pósoperatório pós operatório. operatório pós-operatório benefícios justifica 00, 0

Abstract Accurate determination of the prevalence of erosive tooth wear (ETW) and associated risk factors in adolescents can inform clinical management guidelines. The aim of this analytical cross-sectional study was to estimate the prevalence, severity, and risk factors of ETW in adolescents aged 12–15 years in the municipality of Usaquén in Bogotá, Colombia. Two calibrated examiners clinically assessed ETW using Basic Erosive Wear Examination (BEWE) Index (range: 0–3). All tooth surfaces (excluding proximal) were scored to allow estimation of the Highest (0–3) and Total BEWE (sum of Highest BEWE score per sextant: 0–18) scores per patient. Sociodemographic characteristics, ETW risk factors, and caries severity (ICDAS-epi-merged) were evaluated, and their association with the presence of ETW (indicated by a Highest BEWE score of 2–3) was examined using preliminary analyses and logistic regression models. The study sample included 454 adolescents (mean age: 13.5±1.1 years; female: 61.7%), and the prevalence of ETW was 71.6%. The majority of participants exhibited a Highest BEWE score of 3 (58.0%) and a Total BEWE score ≤8 (84.3%). The preliminary analysis showed an association between the presence of ETW and age, caries, and brushing teeth before eating (p-value < 0.05). Risk factors for ETW included always brushing teeth before eating [adjusted Prevalence Ratio (PRa) 1.31, p-value=0.014], presence of extensive carious lesions (PRa 1.23, p-value = 0.024), male gender (PRa 1.14, p-value = 0.028), and age > 14 years (PRa 1.17, p-value = 0.009). Although ETW was highly prevalent, most Colombian adolescents exhibited low Total BEWE scores. ETW was associated with frequent fruit intake, age, toothbrushing habits, caries lesions, and sex. (ETW guidelines crosssectional cross sectional 1215 12 15 12–1 Bogotá Colombia (BEWE range (range 0–3. 03 0–3 . 0 0–3) excluding proximal (0–3 sum sextant 0–18 018 18 patient characteristics ICDASepimerged ICDAS epi merged (ICDAS-epi-merged evaluated indicated 2–3 23 2 models 45 mean 13511 13 5 1 13.5±1. female 61.7%, 617 61.7% , 61 7 61.7%) 716 71 6 71.6% 58.0% 580 58 (58.0% 8 ≤ 84.3%. 843 84.3% 84 (84.3%) pvalue p value 0.05. 005 0.05 05 0.05) adjusted PRa 131 31 1.31 pvalue=0.014, pvalue0014 value=0.014 014 p-value=0.014] 123 1.23 0.024, 0024 0.024 024 0.024) 114 1.14 0.028, 0028 0.028 028 0.028) 117 17 1.17 0.009. 0009 0.009 009 0.009) prevalent intake habits sex 121 12– 0– (0– 0–1 01 2– 4 1351 13.5±1 61.7 71.6 58.0 (58.0 84.3 (84.3% 00 0.0 1.3 pvalue=0.014 pvalue001 value0014 value=0.01 p-value=0.014 1.2 002 0.02 02 11 1.1 000 0.00 (0 135 13.5± 61. 71. 58. (58. 84. (84.3 0. 1. pvalue=0.01 pvalue00 value001 value=0.0 p-value=0.01 ( 13.5 (58 (84. pvalue=0.0 pvalue0 value00 value=0. p-value=0.0 13. (5 (84 pvalue=0. value0 value=0 p-value=0. (8 pvalue=0 value= p-value=0 pvalue= p-value=