A direct, high-throughput and accurate method, multi-molecular infrared spectroscopic (MMIR) data fusion, was established for the detection of trace of estrone, diethylstilbestrol, betamethasone and prednisone acetate in peptide powders based on near-infrared and mid-infrared fusion datasets. Tri step MMIR with progressively improved resolution captured key fingerprint features of hormones in the regions of 3430-3250, 2950-2850, 1750-1550 and 1335-1050 cm-1 which were exclusively selected as the datasets. The back propagation neural network (BPNN) model with the best performance used a mid-level fusion strategy and achieved excellent root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP, 1.101 mg kg-1) and residual prediction deviation (RPD, 9.890). Compared to those of single dataset models, the RMSEP was reduced by more than 82.03%. This method had remarkable practical significance for the direct and accurate quality evaluation of peptide powder products with favorable limit of detection (LOD) but without pretreatment and chemical agents, verifying the feasibility of multiple analytical instruments for rapid and comprehensive detection of powdered foods. highthroughput high throughput multimolecular multi molecular (MMIR estrone diethylstilbestrol nearinfrared near midinfrared mid datasets 34303250, 34303250 3430 3250, 3250 3430-3250 29502850, 29502850 2950 2850, 2850 2950-2850 17501550 1750 1550 1750-155 13351050 1335 1050 1335-105 cm1 cm 1 cm- BPNN (BPNN midlevel level RMSEP, (RMSEP 1101 101 1.10 kg1 kg kg-1 RPD, RPD (RPD 9.890. 9890 9.890 . 9 890 9.890) models 8203 82 03 82.03% LOD (LOD agents foods 3430325 343 325 3430-325 2950285 295 285 2950-285 1750155 175 155 1750-15 1335105 133 105 1335-10 110 10 1.1 kg- 989 9.89 89 820 8 0 82.03 343032 34 32 3430-32 295028 29 28 2950-28 175015 17 15 1750-1 133510 13 1335-1 11 1. 98 9.8 82.0 34303 3 3430-3 29502 2 2950-2 17501 1750- 13351 1335- 9. 82. 3430- 2950-

ABSTRACT Soil compaction due to agricultural machinery traffic is a threat to soil productivity and soil ecological functions. The prediction of soil stresses and compaction that soil bear during the harvest and transport are fundamental indications in the prevention strategies and remediation of the soil compaction. The objective of this research was to predict soil compaction caused by harvesters and transport equipment during sugarcane harvest on soft soil. Machinery traffic was simulated using the TASC V3.0 model, Module 1 "Stress Propagation and Soil Damage" was used. The machine system used for harvest sugarcane were formed by harvesters CASE IH 8800, and tipping tows 7CX (SC)-10 pulling by tractors YTO 1608 or XTZ 150K-09. Parameters from machinery and soil are introducing as data. The use of modelling TASC V3.0 permitted to predict soil compaction caused by harvesters and transport equipment during sugarcane harvest on soft soil. More severe soil compaction was obtained during use of tipping tow 7CX (SC)-10 due to high mean contact pressure and high tire load, which caused severe soil compaction until a depth of 0.37 m. Rear tire of tractor YTO 1604 caused severe soil compaction too reaching 0.31 m of depth. In general sense all equipment caused severe soil compaction in tillage layer, therefore must be make decompactions works with the objective to loose soil in depth for a good developed of sugarcane ratoons.

RESUMEN La compactación del suelo debido al tráfico de maquinaria agrícola es una amenaza para la productividad y las funciones ecológicas del suelo. La predicción de los esfuerzos del suelo y la compactación que soporta el suelo durante la cosecha y el transporte son indicaciones fundamentales en las estrategias de prevención y remediación de la compactación del suelo. El objetivo de esta investigación fue predecir la compactación del suelo causada por cosechadoras y equipos de transporte durante la cosecha de caña de azúcar en suelos blandos. El tráfico de maquinaria se simuló utilizando el modelo TASC V3.0, se utilizó el Módulo 1 “Propagación de Esfuerzos y Daño al Suelo”. El sistema de máquinas utilizado para la cosecha de caña de azúcar estuvo formado por cosechadoras CASE IH 8800, y remolques basculantes 7CX (SC)-10 tirados por tractores YTO 1608 o XTZ 150K-09. Se introducen como datos parámetros de maquinaria y suelo. El uso del modelado TASC V3.0 permitió predecir la compactación del suelo causada por cosechadoras y equipos de transporte durante la cosecha de caña de azúcar en suelos blandos. Se obtuvo una compactación del suelo más severa durante el uso del remolque basculante 7CX (SC)-10 debido a la alta presión media de contacto y la alta carga de los neumáticos, lo que provocó una compactación severa del suelo hasta una profundidad de 0,37 m. El neumático trasero del tractor YTO 1604 provocó una fuerte compactación del suelo alcanzando 0,31 m de profundidad. En sentido general todos los equipos ocasionaron una severa compactación del suelo en la capa de labranza, por lo que se deben realizar trabajos de descompactación con el objetivo de aflojar el suelo en profundidad hasta 0.37 m para un buen desarrollo de los retoños de caña de azúcar.

Abstract Introduction The gall wasp Andricus quercuslaurinus Melika & Pujade-Villar causes the death of Quercus affinis Scheidw. in Acaxochitlán, Hidalgo. The genetic capacity of parents with tolerance to the pest can be conserved by grafting. Objectives The aim of this study is to establish the conditions for grafting of Quercus affinis individuals tolerant to A. quercuslaurinus attack. Materials and methods Scions of five tolerant and five susceptible phenotypes were collected. Homografts (Q. affinis scions on Q. affinis rootstocks) and heterografts (Q. affinis on Q. rugosa Née) were made with terminal fissure and side-veneer graft. Tests were carried out on five dates and with materials of different ages. Grafting success was evaluated with ANOVA and Tukey's test (P = 0.05). Grafting was determined by fitting the Weibull accelerated failure time model. Results and discussion Statistical differences (P ≤ 0.05) were found in grafting by phenotype effect. Grafting success rate with scions from tolerant trees was 166 % higher than with scions from susceptible trees. The highest grafting was obtained in homografts (90 %) with scions from young tolerant trees (12 years old) and heterografts (88 %) with scions from adult tolerant trees (35 and 40 years old). Conclusions The propagation of Q. affinis individuals tolerant to A. quercuslaurinus attack is possible by homografts (young trees) and heterografts (adult trees) with Q. rugosa rootstocks, preferably in early autumn.

Resumen Introducción La avispa agalladora Andricus quercuslaurinus Melika & Pujade-Villar causa la muerte de Quercus affinis Scheidw. en Acaxochitlán, Hidalgo. La capacidad genética de los progenitores con tolerancia a la plaga se puede conservar mediante propagación por injertos. Objetivos Establecer las condiciones de propagación por injerto de individuos de Quercus affinis tolerantes al ataque de A. quercuslaurinus. Materiales y métodos Se recolectaron varetas de cinco fenotipos tolerantes y cinco susceptibles. Se realizaron homoinjertos (púas de Q. affinis sobre patrones de Q. affinis) y heteroinjertos (Q. affinis sobre Q. rugosa Née) con las técnicas de hendidura terminal y enchapado lateral. Se realizaron pruebas en cinco fechas y con materiales de edad distinta. El prendimiento de los injertos se evaluó con ANOVA y pruebas de Tukey (P = 0.05). La probabilidad de prendimiento se determinó con el ajuste del modelo de tiempo de fallo acelerado de Weibull. Resultados y discusión Se encontraron diferencias estadísticas (P ≤ 0.05) en el prendimiento de injertos por efecto del fenotipo. La probabilidad de prendimiento de injertos con varetas de árboles tolerantes fue 166 % mayor que con varetas de árboles susceptibles. El mayor prendimiento se obtuvo en homoinjertos (90 %) con varetas semileñosas de árboles tolerantes jóvenes (12 años) y heteroinjertos (88 %) con varetas semileñosas de árboles tolerantes adultos (35 y 40 años). Conclusiones La propagación de individuos de Q. affinis tolerantes al ataque de A. quercuslaurinus es posible por medio de homoinjertos (árboles jóvenes) y heteroinjertos (árboles adultos) con patrones de Q. rugosa, preferentemente a inicios de otoño.

Abstract: Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) is a field of research that has attracted the interest of researchers in recent years. These algorithms seek to provide transparency to artificial intelligence (AI) models. One application of these algorithms is in the medical area, created as an auxiliary tool for corroborating predictions obtained by an AI when classifying pathologies, for example, Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL). The present work evaluates the amount of information heat maps provide and how they relate to the blood components' morphological characteristics. For the assessment, four Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models were retrained and fine-tuned to classify unsegmented images (ALL_IDB2 database). Subsequently, their respective heat maps were generated with the LRP (Layer-wise Relevance Propagation), Deep Taylor, Input*Gradient, and Grad-Cam methods. The best results were obtained with the GoogleNet model and the Grad-Cam heat map generation method, having a percentage of 43.61% of relevant pixels within at least one cell morphological feature present. Moreover, the most significant pixels are within the nucleus, with 73.97% of important pixels inside. According to the results, the Grad-Cam method best relates the relevant pixels generated in the heat map to the morphology of the cell of interest to classify a healthy or diseased cell.

Resumo Trata-se de um estudo de caso controle e coorte, realizado no Departamento de Bioquímica da FUAST, comprimindo 24 ratos albinos Wistar. A especiaria natural Illicium verum (anis estrelado) e o brócolis vegetal verde geralmente são utilizados para o tratamento fitoterápico quimiopreventivo por conta da atividade antioxidante da vitamina C. A hepatotoxicidade foi induzida no fígado dos ratos modelo por injeção única interperitoneal de 200 mg/kg de peso corporal (PC) de N-nitrosodietilamina e administração oral de 1 mg/kg de peso corporal de fenobarbital por 14 dias durante o período de prolongamento da doença. A análise da vitamina C de Illicium verum (anis estrelado), brócolis verde, suco de laranja, casca de laranja e polpa de laranja foi realizada pelo método de titulação quantitativa e qualitativa iodométrica. Os ratos receberam composto de acordo com seu peso corporal como 1 mg/kg B.W. Após 14 dias (Período de Promoção e Propagação da Doença) e 28 dias (Período de Cura da Doença) de tratamento a atividade comportamental foi monitorada por atividade locomotora em experimento de campo aberto, atividade estimulatória em gaiola e efeitos ansiolíticos observados em aparelhos claros e escuros e também em T Labirinto. A atividade comportamental foi significativamente aumentada em ratos tratados com Illicium verum e brócolis verde. O estudo hematológico incluindo hemoglobina (Hb), glóbulos brancos (WBC), glóbulos vermelhos (RBC), volume corpuscular médio (MCV), hemoglobina corpuscular média (MCH), concentração média de hemoglobina corpuscular (MCHC), largura de distribuição de glóbulos vermelhos (RDW) e Plaquetas foi feito pela célula do analisador de laboratório Ababot. O valor de Hb e RBC também foi significativamente aumentado em ratos tratados com anis estrelado e brócolis, mostraram função adequada de RBC na microcirculação. WBC também estava na faixa normal revelando que nenhuma doença relaciona-se à medula óssea e leucemia. A atividade bioquímica de ratos, incluindo uréia, creatinina, proteína total, albumina, globulina, razão A/G, amilase e cálcio no soro sanguíneo foram analisadas, enquanto a saúde ou desempenho do fígado também foi determinada por LFT (teste de função hepática). As variáveis comportamentais e laboratoriais foram analisadas pelo SPSS v. 20 e valor de p < 0,05 foi considerado estatisticamente significativo. O estudo relata efeito significativo perceptível de Illicium verum e brócolis na hepatotoxicidade do modelo experimental. Resultados estatísticos de estudos experimentais recentes mostram relação recíproca entre o consumo de dieta vegetal e tempero natural com o risco de hepatotoxicidade. Assim, o objetivo do estudo foi potencializar a função do anis estrelado ou da especiaria natural Illicium verum e do brócolis vegetal verde como agente anticancerígeno ou quimioprofilático.

Abstract This is a case control and cohort study, conducted at Department of Biochemistry in FUAST, compressing 24 number of albino Wistar rats. Illicium verum (star anise) natural spice and green vegetable broccoli are used for chemo-preventive herbal treatment in relation with vitamin C antioxidant activity. Hepatotoxicity was induced in liver of model rats by giving interperitoneally single injection of 200 mg/kg bod weight (B.W) of N-nitrosodiethylamine and orally giving 1 mg/kg BW phenobarbital for 14 days during disease prorogation period. The vitamin C analysis from Illicium verum (star anise), green broccoli, orange juice, orange peel and orange pulp was done by iodometric quantitative and qualitative titration method. Rats were given compound according to their bodyweight as 1 mg/kg B.W. After 14 days (Disease Promotion and Propagation Period) and 28 days (Disease cure period) of treatment behavioral activity was monitored by locomotors activity in open field experiment, stimulatory activity in home cage and anxiolytic effects observed in light and dark apparatus and also in T maze. Behavioral activity were significantly increased in Illicium verum and green broccoli treated rats. Hematological study including hemoglobin (Hb), white blood cells (WBC), red blood cells (RBC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), red cell distribution width (RDW) and Platelets was done by abbot laboratory analyzer cell. The value of Hb and RBC was also significantly increased in star anise and broccoli treated rats, showed proper function of RBC in microcirculation. WBC was also in normal range revealed that no disease regards to bone marrow and leukemia’s. The biochemical activity of rats including urea, creatinine, total protein, albumin, globulin, A/G ratio, amylase and calcium in blood serum were analyzed while, liver health or performance was also determined by LFT (liver function test). Behavioral and laboratorial variables were analyzed by using SPSS v. 20 and p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The study report noticeable significant effect of Illicium verum and broccoli on hepatotoxicity of experimental model. Recent experimental study statistical outcomes show reciprocal relationship between the consumption of vegetable diet and natural spice with the risk of Hepatotoxicity. Thus, the aim of the study is to enhance the function of star anise or illicium verum natural spice and green vegetable broccoli as an anticancer or chemoprophylaxis agent.

ABSTRACT Dried lake beds are one of the largest sources of dust in the world, causing environmental problems in the surrounding areas. In this study, the desiccated Urmia Lake was the primary source of dust for all nearby synoptic stations during the April 24-25, 2017 dust episode. Synoptic analysis revealed that the heavy dust storm was triggered by a strong Black Sea cyclone and a low-pressure system over central Iraq in conjunction with a vast high-pressure system. HYSPLIT-based trajectory analysis showed that high PM10 recorded over the Urmia Lake region on April 23-26, 2017, influenced western Azerbaijan, the south of the Caspian Sea, southwestern Kazakhstan, northwestern Uzbekistan, and western Turkmenistan. The dustiest air masses (PM10 > 400 µg m-3) affected the south of the Caspian Sea and western Azerbaijan. Furthermore, the WRF-Chem model was run to evaluate the spatial distribution of dust particles in the study region. The vertical profile revealed that the simulated dust concentration ascended to 5 km from the lake. The WRF-Chem dust schemes accurately simulated dust propagation and the vertical dust profile over Urmia Lake; however, the AFWA and GOCART dust schemes showed that PM10 fluctuating changes were earlier than the measured surface PM10 at five stations around Urmia Lake on April 23-26, 2017. Furthermore, the maximum amount anticipated by the model simulation was 12 h earlier than the maximum surface mass concentration of measured PM10 at the stations throughout the period.

RESUMEN Los lechos lacustres secos son una de las mayores fuentes de polvo en el mundo, y en las últimas décadas han causado problemas ambientales en las áreas circundantes a éstos. En este estudio, el desecado lago Urmia fue la principal fuente de polvo entre el 24 y el 25 de abril de 2017. El análisis sinóptico reveló que la intensa tormenta de polvo fue provocada por un fuerte ciclón en el Mar Negro y un sistema de baja presión sobre el centro de Irak, junto con un vasto sistema de alta presión. El análisis de trayectorias basado en HYSPLIT mostró que los altos niveles de PM10 registrados en la región del lago Urmia del 23 al 26 de abril de 2017 influyeron en el oeste de Azerbaiyán, el sur del mar Caspio, el suroeste de Kazajstán, el noroeste de Uzbekistán y el oeste de Turkmenistán. Las masas de aire más polvorientas (PM10 > 400 µg m-3) afectaron el sur del Mar Caspio y el oeste de Azerbaiyán. Los esquemas de polvo del modelo WRF-Chem simularon con precisión tanto la propagación del polvo como su perfil vertical, que ascendió a 5 km del lago; sin embargo, los esquemas de polvo AFWA y GOCART mostraron que las variaciones en los niveles de PM10 fueron previas a las concentraciones superficiales medidas en cinco estaciones alrededor del lago Urmia entre el 23 y el 26 de abril. Más aún, el modelo predijo niveles máximos 12 h antes que las máximas concentraciones superficiales de PM10 medidas en las estaciones durante el periodo de estudio.

It is important to identify the types of tobacco diseases accurately and take effective control measures in time to improve the efficiency of tobacco planting. In this paper, a hand-held near-infrared spectrometer was used to collect the spectral data of different types of tobacco disease samples. The training models were established via convolutional neural network algorithm. Meanwhile, the traditional classification algorithms support vector machine and back propagation neural network were also compared. The results showed that the prediction accuracy of convolutional neural network algorithm was the highest and the overall performance of the model was the best. The rapid detection method based on a hand-held near-infrared spectrometer and convolutional neural network algorithm could identify tobacco leaf disease species efficiently, non-destructively, quickly and accurately, which provided a new technical reference for tobacco leaf disease species detection and identification. planting paper handheld hand held nearinfrared near infrared samples Meanwhile compared best efficiently nondestructively, nondestructively non destructively, destructively non-destructively identification

Abstract In this paper, the application of AI and machine learning (ML) to the study of wireless propagation channels is investigated in two parts: first, an artificial neural network model is used to improve path loss prediction, and then, a pattern recognition model using multilayer perceptron (MLP) networks is used to identify and remove impulsive noise in power delay profiles (PDP). These studies were conducted based on field measurements in the 2400 MHz band in a public square with vegetation. The results are analyzed and compared with ordinary least squares (OLS) nonlinear regression results and results from similar studies. The Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) values between the experimental results of mean path loss and those provided by each propagation model are presented. The adjustment performed by OLS nonlinear regression and ANN significantly reduced the RMSE. The best results are those presented by artificial neural networks, with RMSE of 0.39 when using four neurons in the hidden layer of the ANN. The ANN used to identify and remove impulsive noise in power delay profiles (PDP) through pattern recognition proved to be more efficient than the CFAR technique. ANN technique found a larger number of valid multipaths compared to the CFAR technique. paper ML (ML parts first prediction then MLP (MLP PDP. PDP . 240 vegetation (OLS (RMSE 039 0 39 0.3 (PDP 24 03 3 0. 2

Abstract In civil engineering, the stability of many structures depends on the physical properties of the contact between the concrete seated on the rocky foundation surface. Usually, they are critical structures of great importance to society, such as: bridges, tunnels and dams. Thus, the shear behavior of rock-concrete joints is a key factor of the structural stability. The method of cohesive zones (CZM) allows to simulate the beginning of the formation of a crack and its propagation, without knowing the crack location or when it will start. Thus, in this work, a numerical model was developed capable of simulating the failure due to interfacial delamination of the contact between a structure formed by mortar seated on a rocky granite leaning surface. The calibration of the numerical model was performed using the experimental test results of simple compression on a block of rock in contact with the mortar by an inclined interface. The test was monitored using a high-resolution digital camera. The data were processed using the digital image correlation method (DIC) to obtain displacement data of the laboratory test. The DIC results were used to calibrate the nonlinear numerical model of the test using the bilinear method of cohesive zone in the rock-mortar interfacial contact elements. By a parametric analysis varying the maximum shear stress parameter of the contact cohesive elements, the bilinear law was adjusted (Maximum tensile stress and critical displacement and damage rate). Indirectly, the rate of release of energy of critical deformation from the rupture of the contact was also estimated. engineering surface Usually society as bridges dams Thus rockconcrete CZM (CZM propagation start work interface highresolution high resolution camera (DIC rockmortar elements Maximum rate. . rate) Indirectly estimated

Resumo Na engenharia civil, a estabilidade de muitas estruturas depende das propriedades físicas do contato entre o concreto assentado na superfície rochosa de fundação. Geralmente são estruturas críticas e de grande importância para a sociedade, tais como: pontes, túneis e barragens. Assim, o comportamento ao cisalhamento das juntas rocha-concreto é um fator chave da estabilidade estrutural. O método das zonas coesivas (MZC) permite simular o início da formação de uma fissura e a sua propagação, sem saber a localização da fissura ou quando esta irá começar. Assim, neste trabalho foi desenvolvido um modelo numérico capaz de simular a ruptura por descolamento interfacial do contato entre uma estrutura formada por argamassa assentada sobre uma superfície inclinada de granito rochoso. A calibração do modelo numérico foi realizada através dos resultados de ensaios experimentais de compressão simples sobre um bloco de rocha em contato com a argamassa por uma interface inclinada. O teste foi monitorado por meio de uma câmera digital de alta resolução. Os dados foram processados utilizando o método de correlação de imagens digitais (CID) para obtenção dos dados de deslocamento do ensaio laboratorial. Os resultados do método CID foram utilizados para calibrar o modelo numérico não linear do ensaio utilizando o método bilinear de zona coesiva nos elementos de contato interfacial rocha-argamassa. Através de uma análise paramétrica variando o parâmetro de tensão cisalhante máxima dos elementos coesivos de contato, determinou-se a lei bilinear ajustada (tensão máxima de tração, deslocamento crítico e taxa de dano). Indiretamente, também foi estimada a taxa de liberação de energia de deformação crítica proveniente da ruptura do contato. civil fundação sociedade como pontes barragens Assim rochaconcreto estrutural MZC (MZC propagação começar rochoso resolução (CID laboratorial rochaargamassa. rochaargamassa argamassa. rocha-argamassa determinouse determinou se tração dano. dano . dano) Indiretamente

As one of the most important types of evidence at the scene of the crime, the rapid identification of the human bloodstain is of great significance to solve the criminal case. In this paper, the spectral data of different species of bloodstain samples including human, chicken and pig were acquired by using a hand-held near-infrared spectrometer. Then, the training models were established via convolutional neural network-support vector machine algorithm. Meanwhile, the traditional support vector machine, genetic algorithm-back propagation and random forest classification algorithms were also compared. The results showed that the prediction accuracy of convolutional neural network-support vector machine algorithm was the highest and the overall performance of the model was the best. The rapid detection method based on a handheld near-infrared spectrometer and convolutional neural network-support vector machine algorithm could identify the species of bloodstain efficiently, non-destructively, quickly and accurately and it provided a new technical reference for bloodstains detection and identification. crime case paper hand held nearinfrared near infrared Then networksupport network Meanwhile algorithmback back compared best efficiently nondestructively, nondestructively non destructively, destructively non-destructively

Abstract Nondestructive tests that assess the constitution or degradation of structures are of great interest in Civil Engineering. Among the non-destructive testing techniques, the Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV) test stands out; however, although its use is widespread, there are still no applications that employ this method to determine the constitution of concrete in situ. Therefore, this article addresses the identification of the coarse aggregate content in concrete specimens by an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) trained with a database of numerical tests that simulated UPV. In this paper, the coarse aggregate content will be described as a percentage of the total area of a two-dimensional concrete model. Three artificial neural network architectures were evaluated. The first two, trained with 13 or 22 paths, solved a classification problem for five aggregate contents, and the third, trained with 22 paths, solved a regression problem. Its performance was compared with those of other regression solutions, namely XGB Regressor, Random Forest, and OLS (Ordinary Least Squares), and showed superior, with -2.55% to +2.17% average deviations. Thus, this paper demonstrated that the use of ANN in combination with UPV test has the potential to identify the coarse aggregate content in concretes. The positive results suggest that this approach is promising and highlights the need for further experimental validation in future research. Engineering nondestructive non destructive techniques (UPV out however widespread situ Therefore (ANN twodimensional two dimensional model evaluated 1 2 paths contents third solutions Regressor Forest Ordinary Squares, Squares , Squares) superior 2.55% 255 55 -2.55 217 17 +2.17 deviations Thus concretes research 2.55 25 5 -2.5 21 +2.1 2.5 -2. +2. 2. -2 +2 - +

Resumo Ensaios não destrutivos (END) que avaliam a constituição ou degradação de estruturas são de grande interesse na Engenharia Civil. Entre as técnicas de END, destaca-se o teste de Velocidade de Pulso Ultrassônico (UPV); no entanto, embora seu uso seja difundido, ainda não existem aplicações que empreguem esse método para determinar a constituição do concreto in situ. Portanto, este artigo aborda a identificação do teor de agregados graúdos em amostras de concreto por meio de uma Rede Neural Artificial (RNA) treinada com um banco de dados de ensaios numéricos que simularam UPV. Neste artigo, o teor de agregados graúdos será descrito como uma porcentagem da área total de um modelo bidimensional de concreto. Três arquiteturas de redes neurais artificiais foram avaliadas. As duas primeiras, treinadas com 13 ou 22 trajetórias, resolveram um problema de classificação para cinco teores de agregados, e a terceira, treinada com 22 trajetórias, resolveu um problema de regressão. Seu desempenho foi comparado com o de outras soluções de regressão, a saber, Regressor XGB, Random Forest e Mínimos Quadrados Ordinários, e mostrou-se superior, com desvios médios de -2,55% a +2,17%. Assim, este artigo demonstrou que o uso da RNA em combinação com o teste UPV tem o potencial de identificar o teor de agregados graúdos em concretos. Os resultados positivos sugerem que essa abordagem é promissora e ressaltam a necessidade de validação experimental adicional em pesquisas futuras. END (END Civil destacase destaca se (UPV) entanto difundido situ Portanto (RNA avaliadas primeiras 1 2 trajetórias terceira regressão saber XGB Ordinários mostrouse mostrou superior 2,55% 255 55 -2,55 217 17 +2,17% Assim concretos futuras (UPV 2,55 25 5 -2,5 21 +2,17 2,5 -2, +2,1 2, -2 +2, - +2 +

Abstract Mobile radio channel and its effects on the radio link path place fundamental limitations on the performance of wireless communication systems. This paper sets out a new approach for wideband modeling of mobile radio channels to classify distinct environments. It applies the hidden Markov model technique to different data sets of the main temporal dispersion parameters of the mobile radio channel: average delay and delay spread. The applied technique has proven to design properly the transitions among those temporal dispersion parameters, mapping statistically the transitions from one point in space to another, and it has revealed to be a feasible option to classify and describe statistically the wideband radio channel in each propagation medium. systems environments spread another medium

ABSTRACT Elephant grass is an allogamous perennial forage crop with asexual propagation, allowing plant breeders to explore heterosis and develop hybrids. However, selecting parents for diallel crossing schemes is a major hurdle in the development of hybrids. In addition, this perennial crop has several harvests, which increases the dataset size and the complexity of the statistical analyses. Here, we propose a diallel analysis based on linear mixed models with repeatability information to identify parents and hybrids, and the optimum number of harvests. We performed a complete diallel crossing of 11 parents with data from five harvests for morphological traits and two harvests for nutritive value traits. The diallel model with repeatability information aids in the estimation of the genetic effect of diallel analysis to infer the ideal number of harvests and genotype × harvest interaction. We observed that the specific combining ability (SCA) is more critical for morphoagronomic traits, while the general combining ability (GCA) has greater importance for traits related to nutritive value. Furthermore, we detected that five harvests were sufficient for the morphoagronomic traits with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.8; however, ten harvests were required for an R2 of 0.9. The model is a promising single-analysis alternative for plant breeders to analyze a diallel with repeated measures and to estimate important parameters without incurring in additional financial costs. propagation hybrids However addition analyses Here 1 interaction SCA (SCA GCA (GCA Furthermore R (R2 0.8 08 0 8 however 09 9 0.9 singleanalysis single costs (R 0.

Abstract Introduction: Cardiac arrest or arrhythmia caused by bupivacaine may be refractory to treatment. Apelin has been reported to directly increase the frequency of spontaneous activation and the propagation of action potentials, ultimately promoting cardiac contractility. This study aimed to investigate the effects of apelin-13 in reversing cardiac suppression induced by bupivacaine in rats. Methods: A rat model of cardiac suppression was established by a 3-min continuous intravenous infusion of bupivacaine at the rate of 5 mg.kg−1.min−1, and serial doses of apelin-13 (50, 150 and 450 μg.kg−1) were administered to rescue cardiac suppression to identify its dose-response relationship. We used F13A, an inhibitor of Angiotensin Receptor-Like 1 (APJ), and Protein Kinase C (PKC) inhibitor chelerythrine to reverse the effects of apelin-13. Moreover, the protein expressions of PKC, Nav1.5, and APJ in ventricular tissues were measured using Western blotting and immunofluorescence assay. Results: Compared to the control rats, the rats subjected to continuous intravenous administration of bupivacaine had impaired hemodynamic stability. Administration of apelin-13, in a dose-dependent manner, significantly improved hemodynamic parameters in rats with bupivacaine-induced cardiac suppression (p < 0.05), and apelin-13 treatment also significantly upregulated the protein expressions of p-PKC and Nav1.5 (p < 0.05), these effects were abrogated by F13A or chelerythrine (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Exogenous apelin-13, at least in part, activates the PKC signaling pathway through the apelin/APJ system to improve cardiac function in a rat model of bupivacaine-induced cardiac suppression. Introduction potentials contractility apelin13 apelin 13 apelin-1 Methods 3min min 3 mgkg1min1 mgkgmin mg kg mg.kg−1.min−1 50, 50 (50 15 45 μg.kg−1 μgkg1 μgkg μg doseresponse dose response relationship FA F ReceptorLike Receptor Like APJ, , (APJ) (PKC apelin13. 13. Moreover Nav15 Nav Nav1 assay Results stability apelin13, 13, dosedependent dependent manner bupivacaineinduced p 0.05, 005 0.05 0 05 0.05) pPKC Nav1. 0.05. . Conclusion part apelinAPJ apelin1 apelin- mgkg mgkg1min mg.kg−1.min− (5 4 μg.kg− (APJ 00 0.0 mg.kg−1.min ( μg.kg 0.

Abstract In this research, the behavior of laterally loaded piles is studied, wherein flexure-induced tensile stresses are responsible for the cracking process. The primary focus lies on investigating the direct influence of the reinforcement ratio on the pile's behavior. Through a comprehensive numerical 3D finite element analysis (FEM), the effects of varying reinforcement ratios on laterally loaded piles are examined in terms of displacements, stresses, and yielding. Employing the ABAQUS software, distinct constitutive models are used for concrete piles (Concrete Damage Plasticity model), soil (Mohr-Coulomb model), and steel rebars (elasto-plastic model). The results reveal that higher reinforcement ratios lead to reduced cracking propagation and lateral displacement, consequently enhancing the lateral capacity of concrete piles within the limitations of the soil bearing capacity. Moreover, it is observed that the depth at which a plastic hinge forms in longer piles shows minimal sensitivity to changes in the reinforcement ratio. Additionally, the increase in reinforcement ratio is found to result in decreased bending moments on the piles, accompanied by reduced strains and stresses in the surrounding soil. Overall, this investigation provides crucial insights into optimizing pile design by considering the reinforcement ratio, ultimately enhancing the structural performance and integrity of laterally loaded piles. research studied flexureinduced flexure induced process s D FEM, FEM , (FEM) displacements yielding software Concrete model, model model) MohrCoulomb Mohr Coulomb elastoplastic elasto model. . displacement Moreover Additionally Overall (FEM

Resumo Esta pesquisa aborda o comportamento de estacas carregadas lateralmente, onde as tensões de tração induzidas pela flexão são responsáveis pelo processo de fissuração. O foco principal reside em investigar a influência direta da taxa de armadura no comportamento das estacas. Por meio de uma análise numérica de elementos finitos em 3D (MEF), são examinados os efeitos de diferentes taxas de armadura em estacas carregadas lateralmente, considerando deslocamentos, tensões e deformações. Utilizando o software ABAQUS, modelos constitutivos distintos são aplicados para estacas de concreto (Concrete Damage Plasticity), solo (Mohr-Coulomb) e barras de aço (modelo elastoplástico). Os resultados revelam que maiores taxas de armadura levam a uma redução na propagação de fissuras e no deslocamento lateral, consequentemente, aumentando a capacidade lateral das estacas de concreto dentro das limitações da capacidade de carga do solo. Além disso, observa-se que a profundidade em que se desenvolve uma rótula plástica em estacas longas é pouco suscetível a mudanças na taxa de armadura. Adicionalmente, o aumento na taxa de armadura resulta em menor momento fletor nas estacas, acompanhado de redução nas deformações e tensões no solo adjacente. De modo geral, esta investigação oferece informações cruciais para otimizar o projeto de estacas, considerando a taxa de armadura, melhorando a performance estrutural e a integridade das estacas carregadas lateralmente. lateralmente fissuração D MEF, MEF , (MEF) deslocamentos ABAQUS Concrete Plasticity, Plasticity Plasticity) MohrCoulomb Mohr Coulomb (Mohr-Coulomb modelo elastoplástico. elastoplástico . elastoplástico) consequentemente disso observase observa Adicionalmente adjacente geral (MEF