Abstract Introduction. Weeds are one of the main problems in agricultural productivity due to their interactions with crops, such as alelopatic effects on germination. Objective. To evaluate the allelopathy of kikuyo grass (Cenchrus clandestinus) on the germination of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) variety ICA Cerinza. Materials and methods. The study was conducted at the Quality Control Laboratory of the Universidad de Pamplona, Central Campus, Pamplona, Norte de Santander, Colombia, from May to August 2022. To each experimental unit (Petri dishe) with 12 been seeds, 6 mL of kikuyo aqueous extract (leaf, stem, and root) at three concentrations (1, 2.5, and 5 %), plus a control (0 %), were added, totaling 12 treatments. From day 0 to 12, the number of germinated seeds (NGS) was recorded, and the germination rate index (GRI) and germination index (IG) were calculated. The biomolecular profile of the aqueous extract was determined using the Fourier-transform spectroscopy. A completely randomized experimental design with a factorial arrangement (3x4), with repeated measures in each experimental unit, was employed. The intersuject factors were the organ type and concentration, while the intrasubject factor was the evaluation time (12 days). Results. Significant differences (p<0.001) were observed for NSG among treatments due to the concentration of the aqueous extract, as well as for IG, while GRI depended on the organ (p<0.05) and concentration (p<0.001), both negatively affected as the concentration increased. The infrared spectrum of the extract determined the presence of polyphenols, nitriles, and siloxanes. Conclusión. C. clandestinus affected NGS, GRI, and GI of P. vulgaris, with an allelopathic effect of the leaf aqueous extract at higher concentrations. Polyphenols, nitriles, and siloxanes associated with allelopathic effects were identified in the aqueous extracts.

Resumen Introducción. Las arvenses son uno de los principales problemas en la productividad agrícola, debido a interacciones con el cultivo, como efectos alelopáticos sobre la germinación. Objetivo. Evaluar la alelopatía del pasto kikuyo (Cenchrus clandestinus) en la germinación de frijol (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) variedad ICA Cerinza. Materiales y métodos. El estudio se realizó en el laboratorio de Control de Calidad de la Universidad de Pamplona, Campus Central, Pamplona, Norte de Santander, Colombia, en mayo-agosto 2022. A cada unidad experimental (caja de Petri) con doce semillas de frijol se le agregó 6 mL de extracto acuoso de kikuyo (hoja, tallo y raíz) en tres concentraciones (1, 2,5 y 5 %), más un testigo (0 %), para un total de doce tratamientos. En el lapso de 0 a 12 días, se registró el número de semillas germinadas (NSG), se calculó el índice de tasa de germinación (ITG) y el índice de germinación (IG), y se determinó el perfil biomolecular del extracto acuoso mediante la técnica de espectroscopia transformada de Fourier. Se utilizó un diseño experimental completamente al azar con arreglo factorial (3x4), con medidas repetidas en cada unidad experimental. Los factores intersujetos fueron el tipo de órgano y concentración, y el factor intrasujeto fue el tiempo (12 días) de evaluación. Resultados. Se observaron diferencias significativas (p<0,001) para NSG entre tratamientos por efecto de la concentración del extracto acuoso al igual que para IG, mientras que ITG dependió del órgano (p<0,05) y la concentración (p<0,001); ambos fueron afectados de forma negativa conforme aumentó la concentración. En el espectro infrarrojo del extracto se determinaron polifenoles, nitrilos y siloxanos. Conclusión. C. clandestinus afectó NSG, el ITG e IG de P. vulgaris, con efecto alelopático del extracto acuoso de hoja en mayor concentración. En los extractos acuosos se determinaron polifenoles, nitrilos y siloxanos, asociados a efecto alelopático.

Resumen: Esta investigación tiene por objeto adaptar y validar el instrumento denominado Perfil de Implementación del Proyecto (PIP) para la evaluación de proyectos realizados en Latinoamérica. Participaron 420 profesionales involucrados, ya sea como líderes o miembros de equipos, en proyectos culminados en el periodo 2020-2021. Como el instrumento fue elaborado en inglés se utilizó un procedimiento de traducción y re-traducción, en el cual participaron expertos profesionales y académicos en gestión de proyectos junto con traductores certificados, para su adaptación a la población hispanoparlante en Latinoamérica. Para el análisis factorial exploratorio se seleccionó el método de extracción de mínimos cuadrados no ponderados, obteniéndose cuatro factores críticos de éxito: Comunicación con el cliente, seguimiento y planeación, alta gerencia, y capacidades técnicas, con coeficientes Cronbach Alpha comprendidos entre .876 y .933. Posteriormente se aplicó el análisis factorial confirmatorio, el cual demostró que el instrumento posee validez convergente y discriminante y, en consecuencia, puede ser utilizado en la academia para futuras investigaciones sobre la gestión de proyectos, y en lo profesional para evaluar el desempeño de proyectos ecuatorianos, contemplando la limitación de que el porcentaje de participación de proyectos de otros países de Latinoamérica en la muestra de estudio fue del 22 %.

Abstract: This research aims to adapt and validate the Project Implementation Profile (PIP) instrument for evaluating projects carried out in Latin America. Four hundred twenty professionals participated as leaders or team members in projects completed in 2020-2021. As the instrument was developed in English, a translation and retranslation procedure was used, in which professional and academic experts in project management participated, along with certified translators, for its adaptation to the Spanish-speaking population in Latin America. For the exploratory factor analysis, the unweighted least squares extraction method was selected, obtaining four critical success factors: Communication with the client, monitoring and planning, senior management, and technical capabilities, with Cronbach Alpha coefficients between .876 and 933. Subsequently, confirmatory factor analysis was applied, demonstrating that the instrument has convergent and discriminant validity and, consequently, can be used in academia for future research on project management and professionally to evaluate the performance of Ecuadorian projects, considering the limitation that the percentage of participation of projects from other Latin American countries in the study sample was 22%.

ABSTRACT: This study determined the zootechnical, metabolic, and health performance of Girolando calves born with high or low birth weight, conceived through in vitro fertilization. The study was carried out on a commercial dairy farm located in Passos, Minas Gerais, Brazil. For this, a hundred Girolando calves were divided into two groups: The Control, which consisted of calves that were born weighing ≤ 35 kg; and high birth weight (HBW) calves, which were born weighing > 35 kg. The calves were monitored for zootechnical parameters; epidemiological indices, for diseases such diarrhea and pneumonia; as well as serum concentrations of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, cholesterol, triglycerides, paraoxonase1, albumin, urea, and globulin. Calves from the HBW group had a higher general mortality rate, but no effects on the zootechnical performance or metabolism were observed. The results obtained allow us to conclude that Girolando calves generated by IVF and heavier at birth have a greater chance to present diseases such as omphalophlebitis, tympany, and bovine parasitic sadness, and have a higher rate of general mortality. Conversely, birth weight of the calves does not influence diarrhea or pneumonia, the zootechnical performance, or the metabolism.

RESUMO: Este estudo determinou o desempenho zootécnico, metabólico e saúde de bezerras Girolando nascidas com alto ou baixo peso, concebidas por fertilização in vitro. O estudo foi realizado em uma fazenda leiteira comercial localizada em Passos, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Cem bezerras Girolando foram divididas em dois grupos: Controle, que consistiu em bezerras que nasceram com peso ≤ 35 kg; e HBW, bezerras que nasceram com peso > 35 kg. As bezerras foram monitoradas quanto aos parâmetros zootécnicos; índices epidemiológicos para doenças como diarreia e pneumonia; bem como as concentrações séricas de aspartato aminotransferase, alanina aminotransferase, fosfatase alcalina, gama-glutamil transferase, colesterol, triglicérides, paraoxonase1, albumina, uréia e globulina. As bezerras do grupo HBW apresentaram maior taxa de mortalidade, mas nenhum efeito no desempenho zootécnico ou metabolismo foram observados. Os resultados permitem concluir que bezerras Girolando provenientes de FIV que nascem mais pesadas têm maior chance de apresentar doenças, como onfaloflebite, timpanismo e tristeza parasitária bovina, tendo uma maior taxa de mortalidade geral. Porém, o peso ao nascimento das bezerras não influenciou a ocorrência de diarreia ou broncopneumonia, o desempenho zootécnico e o perfil metabólico.

ABSTRACT: This research evaluated different rice genotypes regarding physicochemical and instrumental parameters of grain quality and associated the data with sensory analysis to support the creation of rules for classification of the culinary quality of rice (texture), based on isolated or combined parameters. The combination of amylose content and gelatinization temperature was able to predict the rice quality. According to the sensorial panel, the instrumental stickiness was able to segregate rice with very low amylose content or waxy to the other ones. Regarding pasting properties, rice that presented high final viscosity (310-480 RVU), setback (165-245 RVU), and pasting temperature (78 - 88 °C), and low values for breakdown (15-120 RVU), associated with a high stickiness (>-5N) was desirable by the Brazilian consumers. The classification rules created through the relationship between the physicochemical parameters and the texture profile evaluated by the sensory panel will help to verify the culinary profile of the rice samples (through free software), which makes it easier to predict the probability of rice meeting the desired quality standards.

RESUMO: Este trabalho avaliou diferentes genótipos de arroz quanto a parâmetros físico-químicos e instrumentais de qualidade do grão e associou os dados à análise sensorial para subsidiar a criação de regras de classificação da qualidade culinária do arroz (textura), com base em parâmetros isolados ou combinados. A combinação do teor de amilose e temperatura de gelatinização foi capaz de predizer a qualidade do arroz. De acordo com o painel sensorial, a pegajosidade instrumental foi capaz de segregar arroz com baixo teor de amilose ou ceroso dos demais. Em relação às propriedades de pasta, o arroz que apresentou alta viscosidade final (310-480RVU), retrogradação (165-245RVU) e temperatura de pasta (78-88 °C) e baixos valores de quebra pasta (15-120RVU), associados a uma alta pegajosidade (> -5N) será desejável pelos consumidores brasileiros. As regras de classificação criadas por meio da relação entre os parâmetros físico-químicos e o perfil de textura avaliado pelo painel sensorial ajudarão a verificar o perfil culinário das amostras de arroz (por meio de um software livre), o que torna mais fácil prever a probabilidade de o arroz atender aos padrões de qualidade desejados.

Abstract Every year the number of Moroccan women who travel temporarily to Spain to work in the berry farm grows. In the year 2022 there were 19,000 women. However, this activity is accompanied by labor irregularities, complaints of sexual abuse and other problems that have drawn the attention of international organizations. The aim of this article is to expose the existing breach of labor rights based on the construction of a recruitment profile and the emerging response and attitude of resistance on the part of migrant women in the province. The methodology starts from a feminist point of view and an ethnographic study is carried out, from February to April 2022, where the main axis will be the stories of Moroccan women. Among the conclusions we discover how the search for a recruitment profile based on discriminatory elements that guarantee the return of women workers leads to serious consequences such as the systematic breach of their labor rights.

Resumen Cada año crece el número de mujeres marroquíes que se desplaza de forma temporal a España para trabajar en la explotación agrícola de frutos rojos. En el año 2022 fueron 19.000 mujeres. Sin embargo, esta actividad ha generado preocupación social debido a las denuncias continuas por parte de las trabajadoras por vulneración de derechos, así como por abusos sexuales. El objetivo de este artículo es la exposición de la violación de derechos laborales existente con base en la construcción de un perfil de contratación y la emergente respuesta de resistencia por parte de las mujeres migrantes en la provincia. La metodología parte de un punto de vista feminista y se realiza un estudio etnográfico, desde febrero a abril de 2022, donde el eje principal serán los relatos de las mujeres marroquíes. Entre las conclusiones descubrimos cómo la búsqueda de un perfil de contratación basado en elementos discriminatorios que garanticen el retorno de las trabajadoras.

Abstract The role of women is particularly relevant for the economic and social development in rural areas. The purpose of this study was to identify the situation of eleven women entrepreneurs living in rural areas in the Southern part of the state of Jalisco, with the hope of promoting the entrepreneurship in these regions. For this purpose, two case studies were carried out using different qualitative techniques for data collection: documentary analysis, in-depth interviews and participant observation. The socio-demographic profile, the family situation, the level of education, the strategies for reconciling family and work, the characteristics of the production and/or business, the needs they had as women entrepreneurs, and the skills they had for such work, were the main variables analyzed by a data triangulation. The results show that, despite their poor educational level and low involvement in the labor market, rural women in Southern Jalisco acquired entrepreneurial abilities through observation and family experience. However, they lack other factors necessary to engage in the labor market. They themselves gave the keys to fostering rural women’s entrepreneurship in the community.

Resumen El papel de la mujer es especialmente relevante para el desarrollo económico y social del medio rural. El propósito de este estudio fue caracterizar la situación de las mujeres emprendedoras de dos comunidades rurales de la zona sur del estado de Jalisco con la esperanza de fomentar el emprendimiento en el medio rural. Para ello, se llevaron a cabo dos estudios de caso a través del uso de diferentes técnicas de naturaleza cualitativa para la recogida de los datos: análisis documental, entrevistas en profundidad y observación participante. Mediante la triangulación de los datos obtenidos, las variables analizadas fueron principalmente el perfil sociodemográfico, la situación familiar, el nivel educativo, las estrategias de conciliación familiar y laboral, las características de la producción y/o empresa, las necesidades que tenían como mujeres emprendedoras y las habilidades que presentaban para tal labor. Los datos obtenidos muestran que, a pesar de su bajo nivel educativo y su baja participación en el mercado laboral, las mujeres rurales del sur de Jalisco presentan habilidades emprendedoras adquiridas a través de la observación y la experiencia familiar, pero carecen de otros factores necesarios para emprender. Ellas mismas dieron las claves para fomentar el emprendimiento de las mujeres rurales de la comunidad.

Abstract This paper presents an approach to the profile of the general auditors of war during the last decades of the viceroyalty of New Spain. On the basis of a socio-professional study that delves into those who held the post, focusing on elements referring to their judicial practice and their respective particular and family strategies for promotion, the objective is to reconstruct some procedures within the dynamics of the high viceregal administration. We will start by collating information gathered from the preceding bibliography and, mainly, from documentation found in Spanish and Mexican archives. In doing so, we seek to contribute to the study of the functioning of Bourbon military justice and its operatives in overseas environments within the Spanish monarchy, appreciating the effects that reformist processes, the establishment of permanent armies or different wartime situations exerted on these ministers.

Resumen Este artículo presenta una aproximación al perfil de los auditores generales de guerra durante las últimas décadas del virreinato de Nueva España. A partir de un estudio socio-profesional que ahonda en quienes desempeñaron el cargo, centrado en elementos referentes a su ejercicio judicial y sus respectivas estrategias particulares y familiares de promoción, el objetivo consiste en reconstruir algunos procedimientos dentro de las dinámicas propias de la alta administración virreinal. Se parte del cotejo de informaciones recabadas en la bibliografía precedente y, principalmente, de documentación localizada en archivos españoles y mexicanos. Con ello, se trata de contribuir al estudio del funcionamiento de la justicia militar borbónica y sus operarios en entornos ultramarinos dentro de la Monarquía española, y apreciar los efectos que los procesos reformistas, la implantación de ejércitos permanentes o diferentes tesituras bélicas ejercieron en estos ministros.

Abstract: John Ashbery’s work has been widely translated and studied; however, there is little research on the translation of his poetry into Spanish. In this essay I propose that the professional profile of the translators affects the decisions that shape the final text. The translation of poetry demands special attention to the rhythm and the effect that each word has on the lines and on the poem, so it should consider the conventions of the target culture to determine whether to adhere to them. The focus on enjambment allows productive observations to be made about translation decisions and their effect on the rhythmic structure of the poem.

Resumen: La obra de John Ashbery ha sido ampliamente traducida y estudiada; sin embargo, existen pocas investigaciones que aborden la traducción de su poesía al español. En este ensayo propongo que el perfil profesional de los traductores incide en las decisiones que dan forma al texto final. La traducción de poesía demanda una atención especial al ritmo y al efecto que cada palabra tiene en los versos y en el poema entero, por lo que debería tomar en cuenta las convenciones de la cultura meta para determinar si ceñirse a ellas. El enfoque en el encabalgamiento permite hacer observaciones productivas sobre las decisiones de traducción y su efecto en la estructura rítmica del poema.

Abstract This research is an approach to the phenomenon of violence generated by the disappearance of women and girls in Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua, Mexico. Its objectives are to determine the victimological profile and to carry out a spatiotemporal analysis of the victims in the period from 1993 to March 2021. The empirical evidence was obtained from the “Database of Missing Girls and Women in Ciudad Juarez” (BDMD) composed of 215 cases. The quantitative methodology is based on statistical, descriptive and spatial analysis. The conclusions show the endogenous and exogenous factors of the dynamics of the disappearance of women.

Resumen En esta investigación se realiza un acercamiento al fenómeno de violencia generada por la desaparición de mujeres y niñas en Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, México. Sus objetivos son determinar el perfil victimológico y realizar un análisis espaciotemporal de las víctimas en el periodo de 1993 a marzo de 2021. La evidencia empírica se obtuvo de la “Base de Datos de Niñas y Mujeres Desaparecidas en Ciudad Juárez” (BDMD) integrada por 215 casos. La metodología cuantitativa parte de los análisis estadístico, descriptivo y del análisis espacial. Las conclusiones exhiben los factores endógenos y exógenos de la dinámica de la desaparición de mujeres.

RESUMEN Introducción: en Paraguay en 1996 se crea la Escuela de Instrumentación y Área Quirúrgica, vinculada a una universidad pública, a partir del 2008 se crean otras ofertas en el sector privado. El instrumentador quirúrgico puede desempeñarse como instrumentador, circulante, coordinador general de quirófanos y coordinador de la central de esterilización. Objetivo: conocer la situación del ejercicio profesional del licenciado instrumentador quirúrgico en Paraguay. Metodología: estudio descriptivo, cuantitativo y trasversal. La muestra es de 167 licenciados, egresados de instituciones pública y privadas. Muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia, el instrumento de recolección de datos es un cuestionario electrónico. Resultados: el 74 % son mujeres, el 50 % presenta un rango de edad de 21 a 30 años, 79,6 % egresados de una institución pública, 40 % dice tener dificultad moderada para el primer empleo. El acceso al empleo, 71 % fue por contactos personales, el 72 % se dedica a instrumentar, el 60 % tiene una antigüedad laboral de 1 a 5 años. Entre los posgrados, el 30 % posee didáctica universitaria. Discusión: instrumentador quirúrgico, reúne las exigencias para ocupar otras funciones además de instrumentar y circular en el quirófano. Igualmente, en otros estudios se evidencia menor participación en el área administrativa, docencia, mercadeo y ventas. Han trascurrido 20 años del egreso de las primeras promociones, siendo una profesión novel, poco visualizado. Es de subrayar que el estado puede ahorrar recursos económicos al contratar a instrumentadores, puesto que son expertos en los cuidados asépticos y competentes en optimizar los tiempos quirúrgicos al que se expone el paciente.

ABSTRACT Introduction: In Paraguay the school of Instrumentation and Surgical Area was created in 1996 linked to the National University, and in 2008 onwards other offers were created in the private sector. The Surgical Instrument Technician can work as instrumentalist, circulating nurse, general coordinator of operating rooms, and coordinator of the central sterilization unit. Objective: to know the work environment of the professional and licensed Surgical Instrument Technician in Paraguay. Methodology: descriptive, quantitative and cross-sectional study. The sample is 167 graduates, graduates of public and private institutions. Non-probability sampling for convenience, the data collection instrument is an electronic questionnaire. Results: 74% are women, 50% have an age range between 21 and 30 years old, 79.6% graduated from a public institution, 40% say they have moderate difficulty finding their first job in the field. Access to employment, 71% was through personal contacts, 72% is dedicated to work as Instrument Technicians, 60% have a job seniority of 1 to 5 years. Among the postgraduates, 30% are university didactics certified. Discussion: Surgical Instrument Technicians meet the requirements to perform other functions in addition to instrumentation and circulating nurses in the operating room. Similarly, other studies show less participation in the administrative area, teaching, marketing and sales. 20 years have elapsed since the first Technicians graduated, being a new profession, not given the importance it deserves. It is noteworthy that the state can save economic resources by hiring Surgical Instrument Technicians, since they are experts in aseptic care and competent in minimizing the amount of time the patient spends in surgery.

INTRODUCTION: The Work Ability Screening Profile (WASP) was conceptualised and developed by occupational therapists at the University of Durban Westville to provide a basic vocational screening assessment. Its purpose was to screen competence in generic work skills which reflected performance in activities essential to workplace participation relevant to the South African context. The assessment was revised in 2005 and renamed the WASP II. It was decided this screening assessment tool would be continuously reviewed using action research with clinicians involved in the ongoing evaluation so ensure validity and reliability for the population with which it is used. This study considered the clinical evaluation, useability and utility of the WASP II in order to inform further revision. METHOD: A cross sectional survey was used to gather data from 70 occupational therapy clinicians familiar with or using the WASP II in clinical practice. RESULTS: A sample of 70 respondents indicated the WASP II was suitable to assess current work ability and production speed with a variety of clients with physical and mental health dysfunction. Ten of the 12 subtests were used by at least 40% of the time by the 28 respondents who used the WASP II frequently. These respondents reported good to adequate useability in terms of cost, sensitivity to clients' educational level and ease of understanding instructions, incorporation into clinical practice contexts while supporting clinical reasoning and judgement. The accommodation of clients' language and provision of standard scores were indicated as inadequate. Utility was considered adequate for all aspects including discrimination of moderate to severe dysfunction, informing the choice of other assessmentsas well as supporting vocational rehabilitation intervention. The WASP II outcomes were also understood by other service providers, employers, referring parties as well asclients. CONCLUSION: While the WASP II was considered appropriate for use in the South African context and has adequate useability and utility, some subtests need to be updated and revised in terms of the standard times and content validity for current practice in the work environment. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: The WASP II has useability • aligned with generic work skills of acquiring information or following directions numeracy, conveying information and written communication • for with those with work experience and with scholars and students yet to enter the workplace The WASP II has utility in relation to • cost and clients' educational levels • detailed instructions on the task layout but some standardisation needs to be interpreted with care • sensitivity to all aspects of assessment of generic work skills, except discrimination of mild dysfunction

RESUMEN Introducción: El cáncer vesicular es una neoplasia infrecuente mundialmente, exceptuando países donde la mortalidad por su causa es alta como Chile, a pesar de ello es el tumor biliar más común, con una incidencia aproximada de 0,8-1,2% y casi exclusivamente en mujeres. Objetivos: Describir la frecuencia, perfil demográfico, clínica, tratamiento y hallazgos anatomopatológicos del cáncer vesicular en pacientes del Hospital Nacional de Itauguá del 2010 al 2020. Materiales y métodos: Se encontraron 19 casos confirmados por biopsia, pero solo 15 fichas estaban completas. El estudio fue retrospectivo, descriptivo y observacional, muestreo no probabilístico de corte transversal. Resultados: De la muestra final (N=15), 13 pacientes fueron mujeres, la edad promedio fue de 60 años. Del total, 4 pacientes ingresaron para cirugía programada con diagnóstico de colecistopatía crónica litiásica y los otros 11 tenían sospecha de tumor vesicular y/o ictericia o colangitis aguda de origen neoplásico probable, todos fueron operados, el motivo de consulta más frecuente fue dolor en hipocondrio derecho, el 99 % fueron adenocarcinomas por anatomía patológica. Conclusión: La etiología principal del cáncer vesicular fue la colelitiasis, es de baja incidencia a nivel nacional, la mayoría de nuestros pacientes se encontraban en estadios terminales, o con poca oportunidad para la resección R0, por lo cual son de mal pronóstico y hasta hoy en día son de difícil detección en etapa inicial. En algunos casos como en 4 de nuestras pacientes el diagnóstico es fortuito mediante el hallazgo histológico en piezas de colecistectomía que fueron intervenidos en principio por patología benigna.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Gallbladder cancer is an infrequent neoplasm worldwide, except for countries where mortality from its cause is high, such as Chile. Despite this, it is the most common biliary tumor, with an approximate incidence of 0.8-1.2% and almost exclusively in women. Objectives: To describe the frequency, demographic profile, clinic, treatment and anatomopathological findings of gallbladder cancer in patients of the Itauguá National Hospital from 2010 to 2020. Materials and methods: 19 biopsy-confirmed cases were found, but only 15 files were complete. The study was retrospective, descriptive and observational, non-probabilistic cross-sectional sampling. Results: Of the final sample (N=15), 13 patients are women; the average age was 60 years. Of the total, 4 patients were admitted for scheduled surgery with a diagnosis of chronic gallstone gallbladder disease and the other 11 had suspected gallbladder tumor and/or jaundice or acute cholangitis of probable neoplastic origin, all were operated on, the most frequent reason for consultation was pain in the hypochondrium right, 99% were adenocarcinomas by pathology. Conclusion: The main etiology of gallbladder cancer was cholelithiasis, it has a low incidence nationwide, most of our patients were in terminal stages, or with little opportunity for R0 resection, for which they have a poor prognosis and up to today they are difficult to detect in the initial stage. In some cases, such as in 4 of our patients, the diagnosis is fortuitous through the histological finding in cholecystectomy specimens that were initially operated on for benign pathology.

RESUMEN Introducción: Sulfato de magnesio (MgSO4) y aminofilina son broncodilatadores intravenosos utilizados en el tratamiento de niños con broncoobstrucción (BO). La evidencia disponible para recomendar su uso es escasa. Objetivo: Caracterizar el perfil de uso y la respuesta terapéutica al MgSO4 y aminofilina en el tratamiento de la BO en niños hospitalizados en un centro de referencia de Uruguay. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal mediante revisión de historias y entrevistas. Se incluyeron a todos los menores de 15 años que utilizaron estos fármacos. Se evaluó la respuesta terapéutica a la administración de ambos fármacos en forma exclusiva y concomitante y la presencia de efectos adversos. Resultados: Se incluyeron 102 niños, mediana de edad 4 años, ≤5 años 62%. Los principales diagnósticos fueron: crisis asmática 56% y neumonía viral 31%. Recibieron ambos fármacos 48%, únicamente aminofilina 28% y exclusiva de MgSO4 24%. Se observó buena respuesta terapéutica a la administración: exclusiva de MgSO4 67%, consecutiva de MgSO4 y aminofilina 45% y exclusiva de aminofilina en 34%. En 38,2% se registró al menos un efecto adverso, 64% eran menores de 5 años, riesgo aumentado en 1,5 veces. Conclusiones: Se registraron variadas indicaciones, la mayoría en niños asmáticos y en un porcentaje menor indicaciones fuera de prospecto. Menos de la mitad presentaron buena respuesta luego de la administración de MgSO4 y/o aminofilina. En un porcentaje no despreciable se registraron efectos adversos, predominaron en menores de 5 años. Son necesarios nuevos estudios para continuar caracterizando el perfil de uso y seguridad de estos fármacos.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) and aminophylline are intravenous bronchodilators used in the treatment of children with bronchoobstruction (BO). The evidence available to recommend their use is scarce. Objective: To characterize the use profile and therapeutic response to MgSO4 and aminophylline in the treatment of BO in children hospitalized in a reference center in Uruguay. Materials and methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study through review of clinical histories and interviews. All children under 15 years of age who used these drugs were included. The therapeutic response to the administration of both drugs exclusively and concomitantly and the presence of adverse effects were evaluated. Results: 102 children were included, median age was 4 years, 62% were ≤5 years. The main diagnoses were: asthmatic crisis, 56% and viral pneumonia, 31%. 48% received both drugs, 28% only aminophylline and 24% exclusively MgSO4. Good therapeutic response was observed to the administration: MgSO4 exclusively, 67%, MgSO4 followed by aminophylline, 45% and aminophylline exclusively in 34%. At least one adverse effect was recorded in 38.2%, of these, 64% were under 5 years of age, risk increased by 1.5 times. Conclusions: Various indications were recorded, the majority in asthmatic children and a smaller percentage off-label indications. Less than half had a good response after the administration of MgSO4 and/or aminophylline. Adverse effects were recorded in a non-negligible percentage, predominating in children under 5 years of age. New studies are necessary to continue characterizing the use and safety profile of these drugs.

This article reports on the online administration of career construction counselling for a trauma survivor who sought help in resolving her career-choice ambivalence (uncertainty). The participant was purposively selected from a group of people attending a workshop on career construction counselling. An intrinsic, descriptive, exploratory intervention case study based on career construction counselling (involving administering the Career Construction Interview (CCI) to elicit the participant's micro-narratives qualitatively) was used to generate data and adapted thematic data analysis incorporating the analytic style proposed by Savickas was used to analyse the data reflexively. The intervention shed light on the participant's conscious knowledge about herself and on her subconsciously regulated views on her preferred future career choices. The findings confirmed the value of career construction counselling in promoting the participant's psychological self as an autobiographical author especially. They also underlined the importance of timely intervention for trauma survivors in pre-empting the occurrence of unmastered developmental tasks and repetition of trauma. Future research should involve diverse participants in individual as well as group contexts. Equally important is contextualising the intervention discussed here to meet the distinctive diversity needs of participants in individual and group contexts.

Resumo O linfoma anaplásico de grandes células cutâneo primário (C-ALCL) é um linfoma não-Hodgkin raro com expressão do antígeno CD30 e que não possui manifestações extracutâneas no momento do diagnóstico. O surgimento de pápulas ou nódulos solitários, localizados principalmente no tronco e nas extremidades, são característicos da doença. Neste relato de caso, discorre-se sobre paciente do sexo feminino, 58 anos, com lesão em panturrilha direita de aspecto nodular com crescimento acelerado. Na biópsia, anatomopatológico evidenciou neoplasia maligna de células linfoides/epitelioides. Os aspectos morfológicos, associados ao perfil imunoistoquímico, revelaram desordem linfoproliferativa CD30 positiva em pele, compatível com C-ALCL. Após primeira exérese, surgimento de novas lesões dolorosas em placa de coloração violácea, com realização de nova biópsia. Foi realizada radioterapia durante quatro semanas e as lesões regrediram, porém, recidivaram cerca de um ano após o tratamento. Houve indicação de um novo ciclo de radioterapia para a paciente. A excepcionalidade do C-ALCL justifica o desenvolvimento desse relato de caso, a fim de salientar a importância de se considerar este diagnóstico como uma possibilidade nos linfomas cutâneos de grandes células.

Abstract Primary cutaneous anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (C-ALCL) is a rare subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, CD30 positive that does not exhibit extracutaneous manifestations at the time of diagnosis. The emergence of solitary papules or nodules, on the trunk and extremities, characterizes the disease. This case reports a 58-year-old female who presented with a rapidly enlarging nodule on her right calf. The biopsy revealed a malignant neoplasm of large cells. The morphological features, combined with the immunohistochemical profile, revealed a CD30-positive and anaplastic lymphoma kinase-negative lymphoproliferative disorder, consistent with C-ALCL. Shortly after the first excision, new lesions manifested in violaceous papules and nodules, and a new biopsy was performed, confirming the initial diagnosis. The patient underwent radiotherapy for 4 weeks and the lesions regressed but recurred about a year after. The patient is currently under treatment. The main goal is to emphasize the importance of considering this diagnosis as a possibility in large-cell cutaneous lymphomas.