Resumo O desempenho profissional do médico deverá pautar-se pelos princípios da Beneficência, não ignorando a medicina baseada na evidência, Não Maleficência, Autonomia e Justiça. Aqui entronca a liberdade ética da Pessoa assistida, com direito à privacidade, respeito e dignidade. O consentimento livre e informado constitui um pressuposto indispensável numa boa relação médico-doente. É nossa preocupação equacionar a capacitação do médico na interação/articulação com os outros profissionais e concomitantemente aferir, numa perspetiva transdisciplinar, até que ponto se faz sentir o seu papel como motivador e dinamizador da integração dos cuidados familiares no seio da equipa. Assiste-se a um défice comprovado na comunicação com o doente seguido em cuidados paliativos. É fundamental escutar, olhar, tocar e falar. O controlo de sintomas, a comunicação adequada, o apoio aos cuidadores e o trabalho em equipa enquadram a essência dos cuidados paliativos, sem os quais os bons resultados não são possíveis. Os cuidados de conforto, procurando atenuar o sofrimento e reforçar o bem-estar e a qualidade de vida, não descurando a espiritualidade, pela força interior e crescimento pessoal que poderá suscitar, constituem suportes indispensáveis na abordagem paliativa.

Abstract The professional performance of physicians should be guided by the principles of Beneficence, not ignoring evidence-based medicine, Non-Maleficence, Autonomy, and Justice. Here lies the ethical freedom of the assisted person, with the right to privacy, respect, and dignity. Free and informed consent is an indispensable presupposition in a good doctor-patient relationship. It is our concern to consider the physician’s ability to interact/articulate with other professionals and, concomitantly, to assess, from a transdisciplinary perspective, the extent to which the physician’s role is felt as a motivator and facilitator of the integration of family care within the team. There is a proven deficit in communication with the patient in palliative care. It is essential to listen, look, touch and talk. Symptom control, adequate communication, caregiver support, and a teamwork frame represent the essence of palliative care; without them, good outcomes are not possible. Comfort care, seeking to alleviate suffering and reinforce well-being and quality of life, and not neglecting spirituality for the inner strength and personal growth it may bring about constitute indispensable support in the palliative approach.

Resumo Este trabalho analisa como uma futura professora de química reflete sobre a utilização de uma tabela de dupla entrada como recurso didático durante sua residência docente. Através de um estudo de caso qualitativo, foram examinadas as reflexões escritas da praticante, buscando compreender o processo reflexivo que ela desenvolve e o conhecimento didático que mobiliza ao analisar este recurso específico. O Modelo Interligado de Crescimento Profissional Docente (MICPD) e as modalidades de escrita reflexiva foram utilizados como referenciais teórico-metodológicos. Os resultados mostram que a residente conseguiu articular diversos conhecimentos didáticos, como os níveis de conceituação, contextualização/descontextualização das atividades e a condensação de significados, para analisar criticamente a tabela utilizada. Além disso, foram identificadas diferentes relações entre os domínios do MICPD, expressas através de diversas modalidades de escrita reflexiva, evidenciando a complexidade do processo de reflexão desenvolvido. Este estudo contribui para a compreensão dos processos reflexivos dos futuros professores de ciências sobre suas práticas e recursos didáticos, e amplia o potencial do MICPD ao considerar as modalidades de escrita. Da mesma forma, destaca a relevância de promover dispositivos de escrita na formação inicial de professores para estimular a reflexão situada. Novas linhas de indagação são abertas para reforçar a pesquisa e a formação neste domínio.

Resumen Este trabajo analiza cómo una futura profesora de química reflexiona sobre el uso de una tabla de doble entrada como recurso didáctico durante su residencia docente. A través de un estudio de caso cualitativo, se examinaron las reflexiones escritas de la practicante, buscando comprender el proceso reflexivo que desarrolla y los conocimientos didácticos que moviliza al analizar este recurso específico. Se utilizó el Modelo Interconectado de Crecimiento Profesional Docente (MICPD) y las modalidades de escritura reflexiva como marcos teórico-metodológicos. Los resultados muestran que la residente logró articular diversos conocimientos didácticos, como los niveles de conceptualización, la contextualización/descontextualización de las actividades y la condensación de significados, para analizar críticamente la tabla utilizada. Además, se identificaron diferentes relaciones entre los dominios del MICPD, expresadas a través de diversas modalidades de escritura reflexiva, evidenciando la complejidad del proceso reflexivo desarrollado. Este estudio contribuye a comprender los procesos reflexivos de los futuros docentes de ciencias sobre sus prácticas y recursos didácticos, y amplía las potencialidades del MICPD al considerar las modalidades de escritura. Asimismo, destaca la relevancia de promover dispositivos de escritura en la formación inicial docente para fomentar la reflexión situada. Se abren nuevas líneas de indagación para fortalecer la investigación y la formación en este campo.

Abstract This work analyzes how a future chemistry teacher reflects on using a double-entry table as a teaching resource during her teaching residency. Through a qualitative case study, the practitioner's written reflections were examined to understand the reflective process she developed and the didactic knowledge she mobilized when analyzing this specific resource. The Interconnected Model of Teacher Professional Growth (MICPD) and reflective writing modalities were used as theoretical-methodological frameworks. The results show that the resident managed to articulate various didactic knowledge, such as levels of conceptualization, contextualization/decontextualization of activities, and condensation of meanings, to analyze the table used critically. Furthermore, different relationships were identified between the domains of the MICPD, expressed through various modalities of reflective writing, evidencing the complexity of the reflective process developed. This study contributes to understanding the reflective processes of future science teachers regarding their teaching practices and resources, and it expands the potential of the MICPD when considering writing modalities. Likewise, it highlights the relevance of promoting writing devices in initial teacher training to encourage situated reflection. New lines of inquiry are being opened to strengthen research and training in this field.

BACKGROUND: The clinical learning environment (CLE) provides student nurses with practical experience and skill development. However, COVID-19 restrictions have raised concerns about their readiness for clinical practice. AIM: This study examined student nurses' readiness for clinical practice post-COVID-19 at two nursing institutions in South Africa. SETTING: The study was conducted with student nurses from two selected nursing education institutions in two South African provinces. METHODS: A qualitative, explorative, and descriptive approach was used to gather perspectives from 3rd- and 4th-year student nurses. Two focus groups were conducted at each institution, achieving data saturation with 31 participants. The data was audio recorded with their consent. Using Braun and Clarke's framework, descriptive thematic analysis was employed. RESULTS: The study identified two main themes: (1) Positive perspectives: Adaptation and Open-mindedness, and (2) Negative perspectives: Intimidation and Strained Relationships. CONCLUSION: Participants emphasised the necessity for adaptation and innovation during the pandemic. Although intimidation and strained relationships impacted their confidence, these challenges also promoted personal growth and development. Student nurses demonstrated significant adaptability and openness to innovation, which enhanced their learning and readiness for clinical practice (RtCP) post-COVID-19. CONTRIBUTION: Despite facing intimidation and strained relationships, these experiences fostered both personal and professional growth, improving employability. The study underscores the critical role of adaptability and innovation in nursing education, particularly in the post-COVID-19 context. Mentorship and supportive environments can mitigate intimidation and strained relationships, thereby boosting confidence and autonomy, and resulting in more competent nursing professionals.

Resumen. El objetivo de esta investigación es proponer un modelo de planeación estratégica para el crecimiento de las microempresas de servicios profesionales, científicos y técnicos en México. Se aplicó una metodología cuantitativa con un diseño de investigación de tipo no experimental transversal correlacional a una muestra de 174 directivos. Los hallazgos exponen nueve cargas factoriales asociadas débilmente con la literatura respectiva, mostrando una discrepancia entre la teoría y la realidad. Los principales hallazgos de esta investigación incluyen el desarrollo de un modelo conceptual integrado por varios componentes, como filosofía, objetivos a largo, mediano y corto plazo, políticas, estrategias, reglas, procedimientos, programas y presupuestos. Estos componentes están vinculados mediante un sistema de control estratégico, táctico y operacional específico para las empresas objeto de estudio. En general, el artículo presenta una contribución al campo de la planeación estratégica para microempresas en México.

Abstract. The objective of this research is to propose a strategic planning model for the growth of professional, scientific, and technical services microenterprises in Mexico. A methodology was applied under the quantitative paradigm with a non-experimental cross-correlational research design to a sample of 174 managers. The findings expose nine weakly associated factor loads in relation to what is stated in the literature, showing a configuration of the model that is different from being applied in practice. The main findings of this research is the development of a conceptual model integrated by: philosophy, long, medium, and short-term objectives, policies, strategies, rules, procedures, programs, and budgets, linked by strategic, tactical, and operational control to the companies under study.

Resumo. O objetivo desta pesquisa é propor um modelo de planejamento estratégico para o crescimento das microempresas de serviços profissionais, científicos e técnicos no México. Aplicou-se uma metodologia quantitativa com um desenho de pesquisa do tipo não experimental transversal correlaciona! a uma amostra de 174 diretores. As descobertas expõem nove cargas fatoriais associadas fracamente com a literatura respectiva, mostrando uma discrepância entre a teoria e a realidade. As principais descobertas desta pesquisa incluem o desenvolvimento de um modelo conceitual integrado por vários componentes, como filosofia, objetivos a longo, médio e curto prazo, políticas, estratégias, regras, procedimentos, programas e orçamentos. Esses componentes estão vinculados por meio de um sistema de controle estratégico, tático e operacional específico para as empresas objeto de estudo. Em geral, o artigo apresenta uma contribuição ao campo do planejamento estratégico para microempresas no México.

Training needs analysis assists in identifying the kind of training that an individual employee needs and ensures that the training addresses any existing problems. The South African Department of Basic Education has made different provision for professional development of Foundation Phase teachers. One of them is the support that should be provided by the development support group (DSG) as part of the integrated quality management system (IQMS). The aim of the study reported on here was to explore the role of the DSGs in identifying professional development needs of teachers and the provision of relevant support. An observation-based qualitative study was undertaken to investigate how the DSGs identified professional development needs of teachers with the purpose of offering appropriate support. Five DSGs from 5 schools were purposefully selected to provide rich information about the issue under study. A case study approach was used to gain an in-depth understanding of the process. The findings reveal that needs analysis was not effectively executed since most DSGs combined different IQMS processes on the same day rather than allowing time between the evaluation and the review. I recommend that the role of the DSGs be reviewed and strengthened, and their activities be properly monitored to produce the envisaged teacher development.

RESUMEN La investigación se centró en analizar la resolución constructiva de conflictos y las habilidades blandas del liderazgo transformacional en el ámbito educativo, con el objetivo de entender la relación entre la efectividad de la comunicación, la empatía, la gestión emocional y otras competencias en el fortalecimiento de un entorno colaborativo entre docentes y líderes. Para ello, se diseñó una encuesta con ítems específicos que evaluaron dimensiones clave como la claridad en la comunicación, la conexión humana, y la capacidad de escuchar activamente, entre otros. La metodología empleada incluyó un análisis factorial exploratorio (AFE), el cual permitió identificar y agrupar los factores subyacentes de cada dimensión evaluada. Este método fue validado a través del coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach, asegurando la consistencia interna del cuestionario y garantizando la fiabilidad de los datos obtenidos. Además, se realizó un análisis de comunalidades que facilitó determinar la representación de cada ítem en el modelo factorial. Entre los resultados más destacados, se encontró una alta representación de ítems asociados a la claridad comunicativa y la escucha activa, lo que sugiere su relevancia en la construcción de relaciones de respeto y confianza. Asimismo, se observó que la capacitación en resolución de conflictos y la retroalimentación útil contribuyeron significativamente al fortalecimiento del ambiente colaborativo. Se concluyó que el desarrollo de habilidades blandas y una comunicación efectiva son fundamentales para la resolución constructiva de conflictos en entornos escolares. Se recomendó implementar programas de capacitación continua en estas áreas para consolidar una cultura organizacional positiva y favorecer el crecimiento profesional de los docentes en el contexto ecuatoriano. Este trabajo destacó por ofrecer una herramienta válida para evaluar competencias interpersonales y su impacto en la gestión de conflictos en el sector educativo.

ABSTRACT The research focused on analyzing constructive conflict resolution and the soft skills of transformational leadership in the educational field, with the aim of understanding the relationship between communication effectiveness, empathy, emotional management and other skills in strengthening a collaborative environment between teachers and leaders. To do so, a survey was designed with specific items that assessed key dimensions such as clarity in communication, human connection, and the ability to actively listen, among others. The methodology used included an exploratory factor analysis (EFA), which allowed the identification and grouping of the underlying factors of each dimension evaluated. This method was validated through Cronbach's Alpha coefficient, ensuring the internal consistency of the questionnaire and guaranteeing the reliability of the data obtained. In addition, a communality analysis was carried out that facilitated determining the representation of each item in the factor model. Among the most notable results, a high representation of items associated with communicative clarity and active listening was found, suggesting their relevance in building relationships of respect and trust. Likewise, it was observed that conflict resolution training and useful feedback contributed significantly to strengthening the collaborative environment. It was concluded that the development of soft skills and effective communication are essential for the constructive resolution of conflicts in school environments. It was recommended to implement continuous training programs in these areas to consolidate a positive organizational culture and promote the professional growth of teachers in the Ecuadorian context. This work stood out for offering a valid tool to evaluate interpersonal skills and their impact on conflict management in the educational sector.

Resumo O presente artigo breve assenta numa revisão bibliográfica, com pesquisa de artigos científicos na base de dados PubMed (MEDLINE), para além da consulta de outras publicações alusivas ao tema. O principal objetivo é a valorização da espiritualidade nas suas várias dimensões, tendo em vista o seu real contributo para descomplicar o processo da morte. A espiritualidade, como vertente do cuidar e do bem-estar do doente e pela força interior e crescimento pessoal que poderá suscitar, constitui um suporte indispensável na proximidade da morte. A aceitação da morte pela Pessoa no final da sua vida, constitui um fator essencial para a tranquilidade da mesma e, concomitantemente, um objetivo realizado pelos cuidadores e profissionais implicados. Nesta fase, o discurso e a expressão de sentimentos, assim como a procura da transcendência tendo em vista a dignidade no processo de morrer e a concretização da “boa morte”, representam necessidades espirituais marcantes. Há que encontrar sentido “relendo a própria história”. A morte na solidão do hospital impera e dificilmente assegura as condições propícias para a dignidade exigível em fim de vida ao ser entendida como uma derrota na luta contra a doença, denunciadora de um modo de morrer mecanizado e desumanizado. As necessidades espirituais em fim de vida exigem do profissional inserido numa equipa multidisciplinar a indispensável competência e noção dos limites da sua atuação. São obrigações essenciais o saber ouvir, ser empático e responder à angústia instalada. Nos cuidados pré-terminais, o profissional deverá centrar-se no saber ser e não no saber fazer. É nesta fase de antecipação da morte que é possível captar o valor único e irrepetível da Pessoa e da sua dignidade.

Abstract The main purpose of this article, based on a literature review, is to discuss the valorization of spirituality in its various dimensions, with a view to its real contribution to easing the process of death. Spirituality, as an aspect of care and well-being of the patient and due to the inner strength and personal growth that it may bring about, constitutes an indispensable support in the proximity of death. The acceptance of death by the person at the end of his/her life is an essential factor for his/her tranquility and, concomitantly, a goal pursued by the caregivers and professionals involved. In this phase, the speech and the expression of feelings, as well as the search for transcendence with a view to dignity in the dying process and the achievement of the "good death", represent remarkable spiritual needs. It is necessary to find meaning by "rereading one's history". Death in the solitude of a hospital reigns and hardly assures the propitious conditions for the dignity required at the end of life, as it is understood as a loss in the fight against the disease, denouncing a mechanized and dehumanized way of dying. Spiritual needs at the end of life require the professional to integrate into a multidisciplinary team, the indispensable competence and awareness of the limits of his action. Knowing how to listen, be empathetic, and respond to the installed anguish is essential. In preterminal care, professionals should focus on knowing how to be and not on knowing what to do. It is in this phase of anticipation of death that it is possible to capture the unique and unique value of the person and their dignity.

Resumo Este artigo é um livro de memórias narrativo do envolvimento pessoal do autor com a história intelectual e institucional da ecologia humana. Escrito em estilo de ensaio, explora uma mistura de temas e abordagens baseadas em uma vida inteira de investigação interdisciplinar. Na seção inicial, o autor narra sua participação na fundação, crescimento e influência do College of the Atlantic - uma instituição de ensino superior totalmente dedicada a um currículo interdisciplinar e não departamentalizado em ecologia humana. A narrativa continua com uma visão geral do lançamento e do networking internacional da Society for Human Ecology (SHE) e atividades relacionadas com outras associações profissionais de ecologia humana em todo o mundo. O artigo faz então uma reviravolta retrospectiva para se concentrar no crescimento e nas mudanças das instituições de ensino superior nos últimos séculos, incluindo a criação de especialização baseada em disciplinas dentro da “universidade de investigação”, e as oportunidades e obstáculos para a interdisciplinaridade ecologicamente orientada. Também é observada uma breve visão geral das perspectivas monodisciplinares, multidisciplinares, interdisciplinares e transdisciplinares dentro da história da ecologia humana ao longo desta linha do tempo. Tomados em conjunto, espera-se que esta integração de experiências pessoais e interpessoais - em combinação com recursos académicos e históricos - forneça uma interpretação significativa das origens e objectivos da ecologia humana.

Abstract This article is a narrative memoir of the author’s personal engagement with the intellectual and institutional history of human ecology. Written in essay style, it explores a blend of themes and approaches based on a lifetime of interdisciplinary inquiry. In the initial section, the author chronicles his participation in the founding, growth, and influence of College of the Atlantic - a higher education institution fully dedicated to a non-departmentalized, interdisciplinary curriculum in human ecology. The narrative continues with an overview of the launching and international networking of the Society for Human Ecology (SHE) and related activities with other human ecology professional associations worldwide. The paper then takes a retrospective turn to focus on the growth and changes of higher education institutions in recent centuries, including the creation of discipline-based specialization within the ‘research university’, and the opportunities and obstacles for ecologically oriented interdisciplinarity. A brief overview of mono-disciplinary, multi-disciplinary, interdisciplinary, and transdisciplinary perspectives within the history of human ecology along this timeline is also noted. Taken together, it is hoped this integration of personal and interpersonal experiences - in combination with academic and historical resources - provides a meaningful interpretation of the origins and aims of human ecology.

Abstract: The main objective of the present study is to assess the processes and changes on quality of life, social equity, and transformations due to the actions of students with engineering projects and their considerations. The methodology conducted for a period of eight years is based on interviews, observation grids, and field diaries with first, sixth, and tenth semester civil engineering students from three universities. The results show changes in students and monitors for the variables assessed, especially in growth knowledge build-up due to the considerations examined for both professional and in human competencies. Based on these processes, it is concluded that training with projects is relevant for learning in civil engineering and for improving the quality of life of professional environments.

Resumen: El principal objetivo del presente estudio es observar los procesos y los cambios en la calidad de vida, la equidad social y las trasformaciones por las acciones de los estudiantes con proyectos de ingeniería y sus reflexiones. La metodología aplicada por un periodo de ocho años se basa en entrevistas, rejillas de observación y diarios de campo con estudiantes de ingeniería civil de primero, sexto y décimo semestre de tres universidades. Los resultados muestran cambios efectuados en estudiantes y monitores en las variables descritas, especialmente en el crecimiento en la construcción de conocimiento por las reflexiones consideradas tanto en lo disciplinar como en competencias humanas. Con base en estos procesos, se concluye que la formación con proyectos es relevante para el aprendizaje en ingeniería civil y para mejorar la calidad de vida de los entornos de los profesionales.

Resumen El Programa Nacional de Atención Integral al Adulto Mayor es vital en Cuba y requiere de un sistema de superación profesional permanente para garantizar la calidad del servicio, desde la atención primaria de salud. En este trabajo se tendrán en cuenta los aspectos y tendencias históricas del proceso de superación profesional dirigido a médicos generales integrales para la atención al anciano en Santiago de Cuba. Se analizarán a su vez, los aspectos históricos sobre la superación profesional del Médico General Integral para la atención al adulto mayor. Teniendo en cuenta las tendencias históricas identificadas, se hace necesario además, promover una acción de superación para fomentar en los profesionales conocimientos relacionados con el crecimiento de la población envejecida en Santiago de Cuba. Por último, se valorará la carencia de acciones dirigidas a brindar mejor atención a este grupo etario como programa priorizado del Sistema Nacional de Salud.

Abstract The National Program of Integral Care to the elderly is vital in Cuba and requires a system of permanent professional training to guarantee the quality of the service, from the primary health care. In this work, the aspects and historical tendencies of the professional training process will be taken into account; directed to comprehensive general doctors for care of the elderly in Santiago de Cuba. In turn, the historical aspects of the Comprehensive General Doctor´s professional training for the care of the elderly will be analyzed. Taking into account the historical trends identified, it is also necessary to promote a training action to foment knowledge among professionals related to the growth of the aging population in Santiago de Cuba. Finally, the lack of actions aimed at providing better care to this age group as a prioritized program of the National Health System will be assessed.

Resumen Este artículo pretende ampliar nuestro conocimiento acerca de los factores subyacentes al bienestar docente y sobre los mecanismos que estos profesionales usan para lidiar con el estrés. Se analizan estos aspectos desde la perspectiva de los profesores de inglés de Andalucía, región sur de España. Mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas y usando la teoría ecológica de Bronfenbrenner para el análisis de contenido de los datos, el proyecto identifica las fuentes de malestar y bienestar que los participantes ligan a su profesión. Entre ellas, destacan la competencia emocional, el ambiente escolar, la legislación y los límites. Además, se enumeran las estrategias implementadas por los participantes para combatir el síndrome de desgaste profesional. Son especialmente relevantes las actividades deportivas, el desarrollo profesional y los límites.

Abstract This paper aims to extend our understanding of the factors underlying teacher wellbeing and the stress-coping mechanisms that professionals from the field use in their daily lives. The study focuses on the point of view of EFL teachers working in Andalusia, the southern region of Spain. Through semi-structured interviews and using Bronfenbrenner’s ecological theory for the content analysis of data, the project identifies the primary sources of distress and growth that participants link to their profession. Key among them are emotional competence, the school environment, legislation, and boundaries. The study also pinpoints the main stress-coping strategies participants were already implementing in their lives to fight against feelings of burnout. Especially relevant is the practice of hobbies, professional training, and establishing boundaries.

Resumo Contexto: Os enfermeiros, enquanto profissionais na prestação de cuidados ao doente COVID-19, estiveram expostos a um maior risco de vulnerabilidade. Objetivo: Identificar o nível e fatores de resiliência e analisar a sua relação com as caraterísticas sóciodemográficas e profissionais dos enfermeiros. Metodologia: Realizou-se um estudo de natureza quantitativa, descritiva, correlacional e transversal. A amostra foi constituída por 60 enfermeiros do serviço de urgência geral de adultos de um hospital da região norte do país. Para a recolha de dados recorreu-se a um questionário para a caraterização sociodemográfico e profissional e a Escala de Resiliência para Adultos. Foi realizado o tratamento estatístico descritivo e inferencial, com recurso ao programa IBM-SPSS® versão 25.0. Resultados: Os enfermeiros mostraram um nível de resiliência acima do valor médio da escala e foram os enfermeiros do sexo feminino que apresentam maiores níveis de resiliência. Referiram o fator Recursos Sociais como o mais frequente e o fator Estilo Estruturado como o menos frequente. Conclusões: Os resultados mostram um nível de resiliência dos enfermeiros acima do valor médio da escala. Altos níveis de resiliência podem ser explicados pela Teoria de Reintegração Resiliente na qual o confronto com a adversidade resulta em novos patamares de crescimento e adaptação pessoal.

Resumen Contexto: Los enfermeros, como profesionales que brindan atención a pacientes con COVID-19, estuvieron expuestos a un mayor riesgo de vulnerabilidad. Objetivo: Identificar el nivel y los factores de resiliencia y analizar su relación con las características sociodemográficas y profesionales de los enfermeros. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, correlacional y transversal. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 60 enfermeros del servicio general de emergencia del adulto de un hospital del norte del país, para la recolección de datos se utilizó un cuestionario de caracterización sociodemográfica y profesional y la Escala de Resiliencia para Adultos. El tratamiento estadístico descriptivo e inferencial se realizó mediante el programa IBM-SPSS® versión 25.0. Resultados: Los enfermeros mostraron un nivel de resiliencia superior al valor medio de la escala y fueron las enfermeras las que presentaron mayores niveles de resiliencia. Mencionaron el factor Recursos Sociales como el más frecuente y el factor Estilo Estructurado como el menos frecuente. Conclusiones: Los resultados muestran un nivel de resiliencia de los enfermeros superior al valor medio de la escala. Los altos niveles de resiliencia pueden explicarse mediante la Teoría de la Reintegración Resiliente, según la cual la confrontación con la adversidad da como resultado nuevos niveles de crecimiento personal y adaptación.

Abstract Background: Nurses, as professionals providing care to COVID-19 patients, were exposed to a greater risk of vulnerability. Aim: Identify the level and factors of resilience and analyze its relationship with the sociodemographic and professional characteristics of nurses. Methods: A quantitative, descriptive, correlational and cross-sectional study was carried out. The sample consisted of 60 nurses from the general adult emergency service of a hospital in the north of the country. The instruments of data collecting were a questionnaire with questions about sociodemographic and professional characterization and the Resilience Scale for Adults. Descriptive and inferential statistical treatment was carried out using the IBM-SPSS® version 25.0 program. Results: Nurses showed a level of resilience above the mean value of the scale, and it was female nurses who presented higher levels of resilience. They mentioned the Social Resources factor as the most frequent and the Structured Style factor as the least frequent. Conclusions: The results show a level of nurses' resilience above the average value of the scale. High levels of resilience can be explained by the Resilient Reintegration Theory in which confrontation with adversity results in new levels of personal growth and adaptation.

Abstract: In the present landscape of cloud computing, the effective scheduling of tasks stands as a pivotal element in optimizing the operational efficiency of distributed systems. This paper conducts a thorough and comparative examination of recent trends and progress within this vital and ever-evolving domain. By meticulously reviewing crucial performance metrics and critically analyzing state-of-the-art methodologies, we present a comprehensive overview of Cloud Task Scheduling. We emphasize the shift towards multi-objective strategies, mirroring the escalating complexity and diversity witnessed in cloud environments. Employing innovative approaches and illustrative case studies, we delve into the practical implementation of prominent algorithms, including L A B C, MaOEA-SIN, and MALO. The detailed analysis not only underscores their efficacy in real-world contexts but also pinpoints areas ripe for enhancement and adaptation within multi-cloud settings. Beyond offering an in-depth understanding of the latest developments in Cloud Task Scheduling, this article endeavors to stimulate collaboration and discourse within the academic and professional community. We aim to ignite future advancements, thereby contributing to the sustained growth of this strategic and dynamic field.

Conflict is an integral part of school management and its existence must not be shunned as it stimulates creative and innovative ways of thinking which enhance organisational growth and performance. The purpose of the study reported on here was to investigate how education managers executed Thomas and Kilmann's model in managing and resolving conflicts in schools to avert chaos and anarchy with the ultimate intention of enhancing productivity. A constructivist, inductive grounded theory utilising a qualitative approach was employed. Qualitative data were generated using a semi-structured interview protocol from 4 information-rich education managers who were purposively selected. The inclusion criteria for the participants were age, experience, professional qualifications and the sample was determined by theoretical saturation. Data generated were thematically analysed. The study revealed that the conflict management and resolution model used by education managers in schools was contingent to their environment and perception. It also revealed that conflict was innovative and stimulated thought processes. As a result, schools must recruit education managers who are transformative, democratic and equipped with the appropriate strategies for managing and resolving conflict if teachers' morale is to be boosted and productivity enhanced.

The experiences of mentors, tutors, and writing consultants in the execution of their roles during unprecedented times, particularly the COVID-19 pandemic, remain insufficiently explored and inadequately documented. This article, which adopts a qualitative research methodology with a specific focus on a rural-based comprehensive university in South Africa, delves into the experiences and reflections of mentors, tutors, and writing consultants in the course of their duties during the COVID-19 pandemic. We contend that providing safe spaces for mentors, tutors and writing practitioners to share their experiences on their roles not only during the pandemic should be central to all student support initiatives. This fosters a sense of reflection on their practices which in turn results in professional growth and development as reflective practitioners capable of enhancing student success in higher education. In assessing their work, data was gathered from a population comprising seventy-two selected mentors and tutors (referred to as MenTuts), as well as writing consultants affiliated with the Academic Development Unit (ADU) of the institution. Content and thematic analysis were employed to examine the data after coding. The reflections and experiences of MenTuts and writing consultants were both positive and negative. They expressed enthusiasm for their roles during the COVID-19 pandemic but also conveyed feelings of being overwhelmed by the challenges they faced. This underscores the need for exploring alternative approaches to mentoring, tutoring, and writing consultancy to enhance effective student learning and success in higher education during both present and future unprecedented times. Given the plethora of recent unprecedented events, higher education institutions in South Africa as well as in Africa should start undertaking innovative radical approaches for student support initiatives that are centred around engaging with mentors, tutors, and writing consultants to ensure that they are able to reflect on their experiences to enhance student learning.