Abstract Chinese migration has been driven by migration policies in Colombia contributing to factors such as the strengthening of diplomacy, economic opportunities, cultural exchange, etc. Due to the cross-border opening, Colombia has been able to attract a significant number of Chinese migrants generating a favorable environment for new opportunities and improving their living conditions. The objective of this research was to analyze the local perspectives of Chinese migration in Colombia and its impact on local development. A descriptive quantitative approach methodology was implemented through a deductive method to deepen the perceptions and impact in the national context. The instrument entitled “PMI Universidad ECCI” was designed and validated corresponding to its centuries: Perspectives of International Migration which inquired in 15 items of three perspectives: economic, social and cultural perspectives evaluated on a Likert scale A sample of 93 professional experts in international trade was used. The findings revealed that Chinese migration has generated a significant impulse in the development of the Colombian national territory, providing employment and cultural diversity, likewise, a permanent cooperation between north and south is suggested, promoting solid foreign and migration policies that promote inclusion. Finally, it is concluded that there are challenges and opportunities in terms of integration and equity in local conditions for the strengthening of international relations between both countries.

Resumen La migración china ha sido impulsada por políticas migratorias en Colombia contribuyendo a factores como el fortalecimiento de la diplomacia, oportunidades económicas, intercambio cultural, etc. Debido a la apertura transfronteriza, Colombia ha logrado atraer a un número significativo de migrantes chinos generando un ambiente propicio para nuevas oportunidades y mejorar sus condiciones de vida. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo el análisis de las perspectivas locales de la migración china en Colombia y su impacto en el desarrollo local. Se implementó una metodología de enfoque cuantitativo de tipo descriptivo por medio de un método deductivo para profundizar las percepciones e impacto en el contexto nacional. Se diseñó y validó el instrumento titulado “PMI Universidad ECCI” correspondientes a sus siglas: Perspectivas de la Migración Internacional el cual indagó en 15 ítems de tres perspectivas: económica, social y perspectivas culturales evaluadas en una escala Likert. Se utilizó una muestra de 93 profesionales expertos en comercio internacional. Los hallazgos revelaron que la migración china ha generado un impulso significativo en el desarrollo del territorio nacional colombiano, aportando empleo y diversidad cultural, asimismo, se sugiere una cooperación permanente dada entre norte-sur promoviendo políticas exteriores y de migración sólidas que fomenten la inclusión. Finalmente se concluye que existen desafíos y oportunidades en términos de integración y equidad en condiciones locales para el fortalecimiento de las relaciones internacionales entre ambos países.

RESUMEN Desde una perspectiva antropológica, el objetivo es reflexionar sobre la educación de las personas sordas y la formación de la identidad profesional de los profesores de sordos y sus prácticas en la enseñanza de la Lengua de Signos Portuguesa (LGP) en Portugal. La metodología cualitativa exploratoria fue adoptada a través de estudios de caso, en instituciones del sistema de educación pública de las ciudades de Coimbra, Porto y Lisboa, realizando entrevistas y observación. Las prácticas discursivas fueron analizadas desde la perspectiva de la narrativa de las posiciones que informaron el proceso socio-histórico de la identidad profesional y la práctica docente en la enseñanza de la LGP en la actualidad. Los resultados muestran la formación de la identidad profesional constituida por una identidad relacional que articula las trayectorias de vida y el desarrollo de la formación docente de LGP, y presenta prácticas pedagógicas con diferentes formas de pedagogías en la enseñanza de LGP con implicaciones políticas e institucionales para la enseñanza formal LGP.

ABSTRACT From an anthropological perspective, it is intended to reflect on the education of the deaf and the formation of the professional identity of deaf teachers and their practices on the teaching of Portuguese Sign Language (LGP) in Portugal. The exploratory qualitative methodology was adopted through case studies, in institutions of the public education system of the cities of Coimbra, Porto and Lisbon, carrying out interviews and observation. Discursive practices were analysed from the perspective of the narrative of positions that informed the socio-historical process of professional identity and teaching practice on the teaching of LGP today. The results show the formation of the professional identity constituted by a relational identity that articulates the life trajectories and the development of the LGP training teacher and presents pedagogical practices with different forms of pedagogies on the teaching of LGP with political and institutional implications for formal LGP teaching.

RESUMO Partindo de uma perspetiva antropológica, pretende-se refletir sobre a educação de surdos e a formação da identidade profissional dos professores surdos e as suas práticas no ensino da Língua Gestual Portuguesa (LGP), em Portugal. Adotou-se a metodologia qualitativa exploratória, através de estudos de caso, em instituições do sistema de ensino público das cidades de Coimbra, Porto e Lisboa, realizando-se entrevistas e observação. Analisou-se práticas discursivas pela ótica da narrativa de posicionamentos que informaram o processo socio-histórico da identidade profissional e da prática docente no ensino de LGP, na atualidade. Os resultados mostram a formação da identidade profissional constituída por uma identidade relacional que articula as trajetórias de vida e o desenvolvimento da formação do professor de LGP, e apresenta práticas pedagógicas com diferentes formas de pedagogias no ensino de LGP com implicações políticas e institucionais do ensino formal da LGP.

RESUMEN Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación empírica cuyo objetivo fue identificar factores críticos que contribuyeron para la culminación exitosa de los itinerarios formativos de un grupo de graduados de Educación de Jóvenes y Adultos Integrada con la Formación Profesional en el nivel secundario brasileño. Se aplicó un análisis de contenido a los datos obtenidos a través de entrevistas semidirigidas a diez graduados. Exploramos la noción de posicionamiento, como fenómeno social que circunscribe la posición que ocupa un individuo o grupo en un sistema social determinado (Bernstein, 1996) en línea con las disposiciones socioafectivas y cognitivas relacionadas con los procesos de placer/displacer presentes en el contexto escolar y con las representaciones y concepciones de los contenidos, respectivamente (Bourgeois, 1999). Los resultados apuntan a la elevación del posicionamiento en estructuras jerárquicas circunscritas por la escolaridad, el aprendizaje, el conocimiento, las relaciones sociocognitivas y la perspectiva profesional, que se correlacionan con el desarrollo de disposiciones socioafectivas y cognitivas en las dimensiones motivaciones, aspiraciones, valores apropiados y características curriculares, concretamente aprendizaje colaborativo y metodología de enseñanza.

RESUMO Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa empírica cujo objetivo foi identificar fatores críticos que contribuíram para o sucesso na conclusão dos percursos formativos de um grupo de egressos da Educação de Jovens e Adultos Integrada à Formação Profissional no nível secundário brasileiro. Foi aplicada a análise de conteúdo dos dados obtidos através de entrevistas semi-dirigidas com dez egressos. Exploramos a noção de posicionamento, enquanto fenômeno social que circunscreve a posição que um indivíduo ou grupo ocupa num dado sistema social (Bernstein, 1996) em consonância com as disposições socioafetivas e cognitivas relacionadas com os processos de prazer/desprazer presentes no contexto escolar e com as representações e conceções do conteúdo, respetivamente (Bourgeois, 1999). Os resultados apontam para a elevação do posicionamento em estruturas hierárquicas circunscritas pela escolaridade, aprendizagem, conhecimento, relações sociocognitivas e perspectiva profissional, as quais estão correlacionadas com o desenvolvimento de disposições socioafetivas e cognitivas nas dimensões motivações, aspirações, valores adequados e características curriculares, nomeadamente aprendizagem colaborativas e metodologia de ensino.

Abstract This article presents the results of an empirical study whose aim was to identify critical factors that contributed to the successful completion of the educational trajectories of a group of former students of a Brazilian secondary level course integrating Youth and Adult Education with Vocational Education. Content analysis was applied to the data obtained through semi-directive interviews with ten former students. We explored the notion of positioning, as a social phenomenon that circumscribes the position that an individual or group occupies in a given social system (Bernstein, 1996) in line with the socio-affective and cognitive dispositions related to the processes of pleasure/displeasure present in the school context and with the representations and conceptions of the content, respectively (Bourgeois, 1999). The results point to higher positioning in hierarchical structures circumscribed by schooling, learning, knowledge, socio-cognitive relations, and professional outlook, which are correlated with the development of socio-affective and cognitive dispositions in the dimensions of motivations, aspirations, appropriate values and curricular characteristics, namely collaborative learning, and teaching methodology.

Resumo: O objetivo da sistematização foi a criação de uma coleção de flashcards por grupo de estudantes. Esses flashcards iriam servir como recurso didático no ensino de conceitos estatísticos ou probabilísticos nos currículos do ensino médio na Costa Rica. A experiência envolveu 26 professores de matemática em formação que participaram de um curso de didática estatística que teve como foco materiais e recursos para o ensino de Estatística e Probabilidades. A tarefa envolveu a criação de uma coleção de flashcards a serem utilizadas como recurso didático no ensino de temas nessas áreas. Além disso, foi realizada uma exposição para compartilhar o material preparado com os participantes. Isto proporcionou uma oportunidade de receber feedback sobre possíveis melhorias tanto na preparação como na implementação. Os participantes também responderam a um questionário, que teve como objetivo coletar informações sobre desafios, oportunidades e opções para aprimorar a experiência na sala de aula. Os principais resultados indicaram que essas atividades contribuem sim para o desenvolvimento de competências e apresentam um desafio para os professores em formação. Ao se envolverem ativamente no processo de aprendizagem, eles se tornam participantes chave. A fim de facilitar uma transformação significativa do trabalho profissional do corpo docente em Estatística, é crucial implementar atividades que permitam a criação de recursos relevantes e adaptados aos contextos dos estudantes. Esta abordagem promove o desenvolvimento de competências que estimulam o pensamento crítico e a capacidade de resolução de problemas.

Resumen: La sistematización tuvo como finalidad la creación de una colección de tarjetas, por parte del grupo de estudiantes, para ser empleadas como recurso didáctico en la enseñanza de un concepto estadístico o probabilístico del currículo de la educación secundaria costarricense. La experiencia se llevó a cabo con 26 docentes de matemática en formación en el contexto de un curso de didáctica de la estadística en la que se abordó la temática sobre materiales y recursos para la enseñanza de la Estadística y la Probabilidad. El trabajo asignado consistió en crear una colección de tarjetas que pudieran utilizarse como recurso didáctico para la enseñanza de un tema de estas áreas, realizar una exposición en la que se pudiera compartir con el resto del grupo el material elaborado de modo que esto permitiera recibir realimentación para una posible mejora en su confección e implementación y responder un cuestionario que brindara información sobre retos, oportunidades y opciones de mejora de la experiencia de aula. Entre los principales resultados, se obtuvo que este tipo de actividades contribuye con el desarrollo de habilidades y constituyen un reto para el profesorado en formación pues los convierte en actores directos de su proceso de aprendizaje. Así, para una adecuada transformación del quehacer profesional del profesorado en Estadística es importante implementar actividades que permitan la elaboración de recursos pertinentes y adaptados a los contextos de aprendizaje de cada estudiante, favoreciendo consigo el desarrollo de competencias que fomenten el pensamiento crítico y la resolución de problemas.

Abstract: The aim of the systematization was to create a collection of cards by a group of students. These cards would serve as a didactic resource in teaching statistical or probabilistic concepts in the Costa Rican secondary education curricula. The experience involved 26 mathematics teachers in training who participated in a Didactic Statistics Course that focused on materials and resources for teaching Statistics and Probability. The task involved creating a collection of cards to be used as a didactic resource for teaching topics in these areas. Additionally, an exhibition was held to share the prepared material with the participants. This provided an opportunity to receive feedback on possible improvements in both preparation and implementation. Participants also answered a questionnaire, which aimed to gather information on challenges, opportunities, and options for improving the classroom experience. The main results indicated that these activities contribute to the development of skills and present a challenge for teachers in training. By actively engaging in the learning process, they become key participants. To facilitate a meaningful transformation of the professional work of teaching staff in Statistics, it is crucial to implement activities that will create relevant resources adapted to student contexts. This approach promotes the development of competences that foster critical thinking and problem-solving abilities.

Resumo O conceito de Quiet Quitting (QQ) ganhou recentemente destaque em fóruns sociais, sendo marcado pela rejeição dos trabalhadores em realizar tarefas, para além das contratualizadas. No campo da gestão empresarial tem surgido alguma evidência que liga o QQ a dois outros fenómenos: Quiet Firing (QF) - i.e., os superiores não permitem aos seus subordinados terem oportunidades de evoluírem na sua carreira e Quiet Hiring (QH) - i.e., método de identificação de colaboradores que estão a ir além dos objetivos estipulados. O objetivo deste estudo foi desenvolver instrumentos, a partir da escassa literatura existente, que facilitem a avaliação dos constructos de QQ, QF e QH. Este estudo transversal inclui uma amostra não probabilística de 118 adultos portugueses profissionalmente activos (M idade= 38,9; DP = 11,5; 61,7% mulheres) e foi conduzido online. Foi realizada uma Análise Fatorial Exploratória (AFE) para todas as escalas. A escala QQ é composta por 13 itens; a escala de QH é composta por 10 itens; a AFE mostrou 1 fator em ambas, sendo a fiabilidade dentro dos valores recomendados (w QQ = 0,53; w QH = 0,50). O QF é composto por 13 itens e 3 fatores (Insatisfação/Abandono, Isolamento Profissional e Impedimento do Desenvolvimento Profissional). Os modelos propostos deverão ser testados em estudos futuros para confirmar as propriedades psicométricas, em amostras diferentes. Os fenómenos em análise poderão influenciar o bem-estar dos trabalhadores e a sua performance laboral.

Abstract The concept of Quiet Quitting (QQ) has recently gained prominence in social discussions. It is characterized by workers refusing to perform tasks beyond their contractual obligations. In the field of business management, some evidence has emerged linking QQ to two related phenomena: Quiet Firing (QF), where superiors restrict subordinates' career development opportunities, and Quiet Hiring (QH), a method for identifying employees who exceed their stated objectives. This study aim was to develop assessment instruments, drawing upon the limited existing literature, to facilitate the evaluation of QQ, QF, and QH constructs. This cross-sectional study includes a non-probabilistic sample of 118 professionally active Portuguese adults (M age = 38.9, SD = 11.5, 61.7% women) and was conducted online. An Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was performed for all scales. The QQ scale comprises 13 items, the QH scale comprises 10 items, and EFA revealed a single factor for both, with reliability values within the recommended range (w QQ = .53; w QH = .50). The QF is composed of 13 items and 3 factors (Insatisfaction/Dropout, Professional Isolation, and Impediment to Professional Development). The proposed models should be tested in future studies to confirm their psychometric properties across different samples. The phenomena under examination may have impact on the well-being and work performance of employees.

Resumo Pretendeu-se estudar como os portugueses avaliam a sua saúde mental e as atitudes face à procura de apoio psicológico profissional. 615 portugueses, com média de idades de 38,75 anos (DP=14,88) autoavaliaram a sua saúde mental por um único item e completaram a escala atitudes face ao apoio psicológico profissional (ATSPPH-SF). Os portugueses avaliaram favoravelmente o apoio psicológico profissional, principalmente as mulheres e quem já recorreu a esse serviço; os mais jovens e sujeitos com maior nível de escolaridade dão maior valor ao apoio psicológico profissional. A grande maioria dos participantes autoavaliou como positivo o seu estado psicológico. Os grupos com valores de saúde mental mais baixos foram as mulheres, os mais jovens, as pessoas com doenças graves e aqueles com apoio psicológico profissional, sendo também os que apresentaram atitudes mais favoráveis. Os resultados permitem refletir sobre o estado psicológico dos portugueses, podendo repercutir-se em programas de saúde pública direcionados para as populações identificadas como mais vulneráveis e para os menos dispostos a ter acompanhamento psicológico profissional.

Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate the self-assessment of mental health and attitudes toward seeking professional psychological assistance among the Portuguese population. A total of 615 Portuguese individuals, with an average age of 38.75 years (SD=14.88), participated in this research. They evaluated their own mental health through a single-item self-assessment and completed the Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale (ATSPPH-SF). The findings of this study revealed that Portuguese individuals generally held positive views regarding the utilization of professional psychological support, with particular emphasis on more approving attitudes among women and those who had previous experience with such services. Furthermore, it was observed that younger individuals and those with higher levels of education placed a greater value on the importance of seeking professional psychological assistance. The majority of participants in this study expressed a positive self-assessment of their psychological well-being. Notably, subgroups characterized by lowest mental health scores included women, younger individuals, people with serious medical conditions, and those who had already engaged with professional psychological support. These subgroups also exhibited more positive attitudes toward seeking professional psychological assistance. The implications of these results are significant, as they provide insights into the psychological well-being of the Portuguese population. These findings can inform the development of public health programs targeted at populations identified as more vulnerable, as well as those who may be less inclined to seek professional psychological assistance.

As competências docentes digitais são definidas como os conhecimentos, habilidades e atitudes que possibilitam o desenvolvimento satisfatório do profissional por meio do uso das tecnologias de informação e comunicação. O potencial das ferramentas e recursos digitais no domínio educativo é bastante elevado, razão pela qual o desenvolvimento destas competências nos professores se torna uma prioridade. A pesquisa analisou teoricamente e com base em fontes documentais o impacto educacional gerado pela implementação de competências digitais nos processos educacionais. A metodologia foi transversal e quantitativa, sendo aplicado um inquérito a uma amostra de 86 professores. Os resultados apoiam o impacto positivo da tecnologia para otimizar os processos educacionais, daí a importância do desenvolvimento de competências pedagógicas digitais para alcançar melhores resultados educacionais.

Digital teaching competencies are defined as the knowledge, skills and attitudes that enable a satisfactory development of the professional through the use of information and communication technologies. The potential of digital tools and resources in the educational field is quite high, so the development of these competencies in teachers becomes a priority. The research analyzed theoretically and based on documentary sources the educational impact generated by the implementation of digital competencies in educational processes. The methodology was cross-sectional and quantitative, using a survey applied to a sample of 86 teachers. The results support the positive impact of technology to optimize educational processes, therefore, the importance of developing teachers' digital competencies to achieve better educational results.

Las competencias digitales docentes se definen como los conocimientos, habilidades y actitudes que posibilitan un desenvolvimiento satisfactorio del profesional mediante el empleo de las tecnologías de la información y comunicación. El potencial de las herramientas y recursos digitales en el campo educativo es bastante alto, por lo cual se vuelve prioritario el desarrollo de estas competencias en los docentes. La investigación analizó de manera teórica y con base en fuentes documentales el impacto educativo que genera la implementación de las competencias digitales en los procesos educativos. La metodología fue de corte transversal y cuantitativa, se utilizó una encuesta aplicada a una muestra de 86 docentes. Los resultados sustentan el impacto positivo de la tecnología para optimizar los procesos educativos, por tanto, la importancia del desarrollo de competencias digitales docentes para el logro de mejores resultados educativos.

INTRODUCTION: Holistic healthcare service delivery requires rehabilitation personnel to consider all the components of health that influence the client's quality of life. However, there is limited literature on approaches to implementing rehabilitation services within South African public healthcare. This study explored rehabilitation personnel's (such as occupational therapists, speech therapists, physiotherapists) use of occupation-based practice impairment-based practice and the barriers and facilitators associated with their practice choice. METHODS: A qualitative research design was conducted through semi-structured interviews (13 participants), a focus group (4 participants) and community mapping. Purposive sampling was utilised to select participants in the iLembe district, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Data were analysed using deductive thematic analysis. FINDINGS: Three themes emerged from the study; Attitudes towards impairment-based practice, Reflections on OBP, and The way forward. The need to focus on all the components of health rather than just the disease and the benefits of using the occupation-based practice approach were highlighted. Additionally, different factors required to implement holistic rehabilitation services and the barriers to OBP were identified. CONCLUSION: Although the study identified OBP benefits, various barriers associated with its implementation were identified. Rehabilitation personnel, community stakeholders, and clients must work together to improve OBP implementation in public healthcare by combating the barriers identified in the study. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: This study has implications for rehabilitation service implementation in the iLembe district public healthcare sector. OBP was perceived to have more quality of life and health outcomes, which leads to implications for practice. There is a need to transition from the medical model with approaches only focusing on body structures and functions into approaches that consider all the components of health, such as the OBP. Even though there are barriers towards OBP implementation, rehabilitation personnel can still promote its implementation through inter-professional practice, continuous professional development and health promotion. Furthermore, there are implications for undergraduate programmes to equip undergraduates with the skills to implement OBP within under-resourced facilities.

ABSTRACT Games as recreational activities constitute an important element in the development of the pedagogical process of Physical Education; tt contributes to collective work, formation of values such as: courage, perseverance, discipline, honesty, camaraderie, organization, respect for the rules, among others, which makes it contain great biological psychological and pedagogical value evidenced in its activities and in the benefits it brings to human beings. However, despite this approach being a strength in the Cuban educational system, the pre-sports game is not promoted from a scientific and academic point of view to achieve these aforementioned components. That is why the objective was projected to characterize the pre-sports games implemented by the teachers of the Physical Education department in the first two years of professional training at the Universidad de Oriente, Cuba. As empirical methods, an interview with teachers and an observation guide dedicated to the teaching-learning process in Physical Education are applied. An attempt is made to know the potential and weaknesses that pre-sports games have to improve the physical and sports skills of these students, in addition to the values in which comprehensive training can be contributed from these practices. The insertion of this type of games has had a very positive level of opinion from students and teachers.

RESUMEN Los juegos como actividades lúdicas constituyen un elemento importante en el desarrollo del proceso pedagógico de la Educación Física; se contribuye al trabajo en colectivo, formación de valores como: la valentía, la perseverancia, la disciplina, la honestidad, el compañerismo, la organización, el respeto a las reglas, entre otros, lo cual hace que contenga un gran valor biológico, psicológico, pedagógico, evidenciados en sus actividades y en los beneficios que reporta al ser humano. No obstante, a pesar de ser este planteamiento una fortaleza en el sistema educativo de Cuba, no se potencia desde el punto de vista científico y académico el juego pre deportivo para lograr estos componentes antes mencionados. Es por ello que se proyectó como objetivo caracterizar los juegos pre deportivos que implementan los profesores del departamento de Educación Física en los dos primeros años de la formación de profesionales en la Universidad de Oriente, Cuba. Como métodos empíricos se aplica una entrevista a los profesores y una guía de observación dedicada al proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje en la Educación Física. Se intenta conocer las potencialidades y debilidades que poseen los juegos pre deportivos para mejorar las habilidades físicas y deportivas de estos estudiantes, además de los valores en los que se pueden tributar a la formación integral desde estas prácticas. La inserción de este tipo de juegos ha contado con un nivel de opinión muy positivo por parte de los educandos y los profesores.

RESUMO Os jogos como atividades lúdicas constituem um elemento importante no desenvolvimento do processo pedagógico da Educação Física; Contribui para o trabalho coletivo, formação de valores como: coragem, perseverança, disciplina, honestidade, camaradagem, organização, respeito às regras, entre outros, o que faz com que contenha grande valor biológico e psicológico. atividades e nos benefícios que traz ao ser humano. No entanto, apesar desta abordagem ser um ponto forte no sistema educativo cubano, o jogo pré-desportivo não é promovido do ponto de vista científico e académico para alcançar estes componentes acima mencionados. Por isso foi projetado o objetivo de caracterizar os jogos pré-desportivos implementados pelos professores do departamento de Educação Física nos primeiros dois anos de formação profissional da Universidade de Oriente, Cuba. Como métodos empíricos, são aplicados uma entrevista com professores e um roteiro de observação dedicado ao processo de ensino-aprendizagem em Educação Física. Procura-se conhecer as potencialidades e fragilidades que os jogos pré-desportivos apresentam para melhorar as competências físicas e desportivas destes alunos, bem como os valores em que pode contribuir uma formação integral a partir destas práticas. A inserção deste tipo de jogos tem tido uma opinião muito positiva por parte de alunos e professores.

ABSTRACT The continuous improvement of Physical Education teachers constitutes a need that has transcended different generations of teachers, determined by the growing development of science and technology, the demands of the third Cuban educational improvement, the demands in the preparation and training of teachers and the need for its impact on the training of a qualified graduate capable of developing not only physical skills and abilities, but also for life, which allow them to act in the social, family and work environment. The objective of this research was to design a pedagogical improvement strategy to transform the modes of action of Physical Education teachers, in the direction of the teaching-learning process, based on the development of self-determination skills in students in situations of intellectual disability. The investigative methods used in the theoretical and empirical order were analysis and synthesis, historical-logical, inductive-deductive, modeling and systemic-structural-functional; In addition to the interview, observation, survey, document analysis, expert judgment and multiple triangulations, which allowed us to reveal the causes that affect the normal development of self-determination skills, as well as to develop the strategy. With its implementation, the professional and personal performance of teachers and students was improved, who graduated with the empowerment of skills for making decisions, making choices, solving problems and establishing goals and objectives.

RESUMEN La superación continua de los profesores de Educación Física constituye una necesidad que ha transcendido diferentes generaciones de docentes, determinada por el desarrollo creciente de la ciencia y la técnica, las exigencias del tercer perfeccionamiento educacional cubano, las demandas en la preparación y capacitación del profesorado y la necesidad de su incidencia en la formación de un egresado apto y capaz de desarrollar no solo habilidades y capacidades físicas, sino también para la vida, que les permitan actuar en el medio social, familiar y laboral. El objetivo de esta investigación consistió en diseñar una estrategia pedagógica de superación para transformar los modos de actuación de los profesores de Educación Física, en la dirección del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, en función del desarrollo de habilidades de autodeterminación en los educandos en situación de discapacidad intelectual. Los métodos investigativos utilizados en el orden teórico y empírico fueron el análisis y síntesis, el histórico-lógico, el inductivo-deductivo, la modelación y el sistémico-estructural-funcional; además de la entrevista, la observación, la encuesta, el análisis de documentos, el criterio de expertos y la triangulación múltiple, los que permitieron revelar las causales que inciden en el normal desarrollo de las habilidades de autodeterminación, así como elaborar la estrategia. Con su implementación se perfeccionó el desempeño profesional y personal de los profesores y los educandos, quienes egresaron con el empoderamiento de habilidades para la toma de decisiones, la realización de elecciones, la resolución de problemas y el establecimiento de metas y objetivos.

RESUMO O aperfeiçoamento contínuo dos professores de Educação Física constitui uma necessidade que transcendeu as diferentes gerações de professores, determinada pelo crescente desenvolvimento da ciência e da tecnologia, pelas exigências do terceiro melhoramento educacional cubano, pelas exigências na preparação e formação de professores e pela necessidade de seu impacto na formação de um egresso qualificado, capaz de desenvolver não apenas competências e habilidades físicas, mas também para a vida, que lhe permitam atuar no ambiente social, familiar e de trabalho. Discapacidade intelectual. Os métodos investigativos utilizados na ordem teórica e empírica foram análise e síntese, histórico-lógico, indutivo-dedutivo, modelagem e sistêmico-estrutural-funcional; Além da entrevista, observação, inquérito, análise documental, peritagem e triangulação múltipla, que permitiram revelar as causas que afetam o normal desenvolvimento das competências de autodeterminação, bem como desenvolver a estratégia. Com a sua implementação melhorou-se o desempenho profissional e pessoal de professores e alunos, que se formaram com a capacitação de competências para tomar decisões, fazer escolhas, resolver problemas e estabelecer metas e objetivos.

RESUMEN Las prácticas preprofesionales resultan un pilar fundamental en la Formación Docente en Lenguas Extranjeras y constituyen el modo y momento propicio para que los docentes en formación se vinculen con su trabajo futuro, lo que supone un uso responsable, autónomo y contextuado del conocimiento adquirido; además de un alto desarrollo del pensamiento complejo, riguroso, creativo y operativo. Tomando en cuenta este precepto, se realizó una investigación para analizar el proceso de prácticas preprofesionales en la carrera de Pedagogía de los Idiomas Nacionales y Extranjeros de la Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo, a partir de los testimonios de los estudiantes de octavo semestre en el periodo académico 2022-1S. Dicho estudio siguió el paradigma interpretativo y el enfoque cualitativo de la investigación científica. Con el aporte del método biográfico narrativo y entrevistas en profundidad se obtuvieron las perspectivas de los participantes en cuanto al proceso en cuestión. Para el análisis de las narrativas se utilizó el Modelo de Análisis Temático. Los principales resultados reflejan posturas críticas de la población de estudio en torno al rol que juegan las prácticas preprofesionales en su formación profesional; hecho particular que permitió elucidar las bondades, limitaciones y desafíos del proceso en el contexto de estudio.

ABSTRACT Pre-professional internships are a fundamental pillar in teacher training in foreign languages and constitute the propitious way and moment for teachers in training to be linked to their future work, which implies a responsible, autonomous and contextualized use of the knowledge acquired, as well as a high development of complex, rigorous, creative and operative thinking. Taking into account this precept, a research was conducted to analyze the process of pre-professional practices in the career of Pedagogy of National and Foreign Languages at the National University of Chimborazo, based on the testimonies of eighth semester students in the academic period 2022-1S. This study followed the interpretative paradigm and the qualitative approach of scientific research. With the contribution of the biographical narrative method and in-depth interviews, the participants' perspectives on the process in question were obtained. The Thematic Analysis Model was used to analyze the narratives. The main results reflect critical positions of the study population regarding the role played by pre-professional practices in their professional training; a particular fact that allowed elucidating the benefits, limitations and challenges of the process in the study context.

The experiences of mentors, tutors, and writing consultants in the execution of their roles during unprecedented times, particularly the COVID-19 pandemic, remain insufficiently explored and inadequately documented. This article, which adopts a qualitative research methodology with a specific focus on a rural-based comprehensive university in South Africa, delves into the experiences and reflections of mentors, tutors, and writing consultants in the course of their duties during the COVID-19 pandemic. We contend that providing safe spaces for mentors, tutors and writing practitioners to share their experiences on their roles not only during the pandemic should be central to all student support initiatives. This fosters a sense of reflection on their practices which in turn results in professional growth and development as reflective practitioners capable of enhancing student success in higher education. In assessing their work, data was gathered from a population comprising seventy-two selected mentors and tutors (referred to as MenTuts), as well as writing consultants affiliated with the Academic Development Unit (ADU) of the institution. Content and thematic analysis were employed to examine the data after coding. The reflections and experiences of MenTuts and writing consultants were both positive and negative. They expressed enthusiasm for their roles during the COVID-19 pandemic but also conveyed feelings of being overwhelmed by the challenges they faced. This underscores the need for exploring alternative approaches to mentoring, tutoring, and writing consultancy to enhance effective student learning and success in higher education during both present and future unprecedented times. Given the plethora of recent unprecedented events, higher education institutions in South Africa as well as in Africa should start undertaking innovative radical approaches for student support initiatives that are centred around engaging with mentors, tutors, and writing consultants to ensure that they are able to reflect on their experiences to enhance student learning.

The current business climate has been described as being volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous (VUCA). This new world paradigm requires new skill sets. Professional bodies are responding to changes created by this new-world paradigm that university graduates will enter with revised competency frameworks that focus on business, digital, relational, and decision-making acumen (SAICA 2021b) and include both professional (i.e., non-technical) and technical skills. Historically, accounting departments that trained chartered accountants focused on developing technical competencies in students and did not have a tradition of research. Accounting departments are investigating various teaching initiatives or tools to help develop nontechnical skills in response to the changing work environment and to comply with the updated Competency Framework. Research projects, where students must formulate and investigate an unstructured question and present their findings, are used globally as a tool to develop professional competencies; however, there is limited application of research projects in the training of aspirant chartered accountants in South Africa. The 2020 cohort of postgraduate accounting students at a South African university provided a unique opportunity to investigate students' perceptions of professional skills competency development through a group research project as very few had prior experience in conducting research. This study documents students' perceptions of the use of the research project as a learning tool to develop specific professional competencies not traditionally taught and assessed. Although students found the research challenging, they believed that it supported the professional competency development required of future graduates that was not previously addressed appropriately.

RESUMEN La evaluación formativa se concibe como un factor esencial para mejorar el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje; el éxito de su implementación en las aulas universitarias radica en las herramientas para lograrlo. El objetivo de la presente investigación se relaciona con analizar los beneficios de la aplicación de instrumentos de evaluación en la formación de competencias profesionales de estudiantes universitarios, con base en artículos indexados en Scopus y Scielo. Además, se propuso revisar la percepción de los alumnos universitarios sobre la rúbrica y otros instrumentos de evaluación. Para ello, la metodología utilizada se basó en una revisión de literatura con la finalidad de analizar y sintetizar los resultados de las publicaciones seleccionadas. Los resultados evidencian que los instrumentos de evaluación mejoran el proceso evaluativo, el rendimiento académico y la adquisición de competencias profesionales. Asimismo, los universitarios se sintieron satisfechos hacia esta nueva modalidad de evaluación, y destacaron sus beneficios para la formación y posterior ejercicio profesional.

ABSTRACT Formative assessment is conceived as an essential factor to improve the teaching and learning process. The success of its implementation in university classrooms lies in its assessment tools. In this context, this research aims to analyze the benefits of the application of assessment instruments in the formation of professional competencies among university students. To this end, a consultation of articles indexed in Scopus and Scielo was executed. The perception of university students on the rubric and other assessment instruments was also explored. The used methodology was based on a literature review so as to analyze and synthesize the results of the selected publications. The results show that the assessment instruments improve the evaluation process, academic performance, and the acquisition of professional competencies. Likewise, the university students were satisfied with this new assessment modality, highlighting the benefits thereof for both their training and subsequent professional practice.

RESUMEN El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar los relatos de cuatro docentes de inglés becarios del programa Enseña Inglés (Go Teacher) y capacitados en un país angloparlante. Este artículo describe las experiencias de los participantes durante y después del programa, así como el impacto que tuvo el mismo en su práctica docente una vez que retornaron al país. Para ello, se empleó un enfoque cualitativo a través de un diseño biográfico-narrativo para explorar las percepciones de los participantes. Se identificó que el programa influyó de manera positiva en la adquisición del idioma inglés, ya que los participantes alcanzaron el nivel requerido para enseñar en Ecuador. Del mismo modo, el programa contribuyó a la formación metodológica al brindar nuevas estrategias para la enseñanza de esta lengua. No obstante, debido a que las cohortes estaban compuestas por un alto número de becarios en la misma universidad, el uso del inglés como medio de comunicación para la interacción fue limitado. Además, se evidenció un escaso seguimiento a los becarios una vez insertados en sus instituciones durante el período de compensación, lo que resultó en una disponibilidad mínima de información respecto al impacto del programa en el sistema educativo ecuatoriano.

ABSTRACT The objective of this paper is to analyze the accounts of four English teachers who received scholarships from the Go Teacher program and were trained in an English-speaking country. This article describes the participants' experiences during and after the program, as well as the impact it had on their teaching practice once they returned to the country. A qualitative approach using a biographical-narrative design was used to explore the participants' perceptions. It was identified that the program had a positive influence on English language acquisition, as participants reached the level required to teach in Ecuador. Similarly, the program contributed to methodological training by providing new strategies for teaching English. However, because the cohorts were composed of a high number of scholarship recipients at the same university, the use of English as a means of communication for interaction was limited. In addition, there was little follow-up with the scholarship recipients once they had returned to their institutions during the compensation period, which resulted in minimal availability of information regarding the impact of the program on the Ecuadorian educational system.