Abstract Only within the last decade, the works of Uruguay an Engineer Eladio Dieste (1917-2000) have been gaining international academic dissemination, one of whose main contributions in the realm of formal-structural conception within architecture and civil engineering reside in the iterative development of the structural typology of the gaussian vault shells in reinforced brickwork. However, there is not an established definition for this typology’s architectural geometry. Also, there is hardly any evidence of how such shells were designed. Therefore, the main objective, of this paper is to demonstrate the underlying geometric relationships in the discontinuous gaussian vault shells designed and built by Eladio Dieste in reinforced brickwork, the dominant typological variation within the object of study. This analysis was carried out by means of the parametric modeling and the polynomial regression of selected case studies from the primary sources, since such computational tools allow for the proper geometrical management of formally complex geometries. The expected contributions of this study reside in the deepening of the understanding of the relationship between the design process and the geometry of the object of study, as well as the understanding of the geometrical conformation of the structural typology conceived by Eladio Dieste. decade 19172000 1917 2000 (1917-2000 dissemination formalstructural formal brickwork However typologys s Also Therefore objective sources geometries 1917200 191 200 (1917-200 191720 19 20 (1917-20 19172 1 2 (1917-2 (1917- (1917 (191 (19 (1 (

Resumo Apenas na última década, a obra do engenheiro Uruguaio Eladio Dieste (1917-2000) vem ganhando disseminação acadêmica internacional, sendo que uma de suas principais contribuições para a concepção formal-estrutural na arquitetura e engenharia civil foi o desenvolvimento iterativo da tipologia estrutural das abóbadas gaussianas, cascas de dupla-curvatura estruturadas em cerâmica armada. Entretanto, não há registros de uma definição estabelecida para a geometria arquitetônica destas tipologias estruturais. Tampouco existem evidências concretas acerca da concepção e desenvolvimento projetual destas estruturas. Por conseguinte, o objetivo deste artigo é evidenciar as relações geométricas subjacentes nas abóbadas guassianas descontínuas projetadas e construídas por Eladio Dieste em cerâmica armada, a variação dominante desta tipologia estrutural. Esta análise foi conduzida através da modelagem paramétrica e da regressão polinomial de estudos de caso selecionados a partir de fontes primárias originais, justamente por estas ferramentas computacionais permitirem o correto manejo de geometrias tidas como formalmente complexas. A contribuição esperada para esta pesquisa reside em aprofundar o entendimento entre a relação do processo de projeto e a geometria resultante no objeto de estudo, assim como o entendimento da conformação geométrica desta tipologia estrutural desenvolvida por Eladio Dieste. década 19172000 1917 2000 (1917-2000 internacional formalestrutural formal gaussianas duplacurvatura dupla curvatura armada Entretanto estruturais estruturas conseguinte originais complexas estudo 1917200 191 200 (1917-200 191720 19 20 (1917-20 19172 1 2 (1917-2 (1917- (1917 (191 (19 (1 (

Resumen (Objetivo) El objetivo de este artículo es presentar los resultados de la implementación de un diseño instruccional de enseñanza de la derivada para estudiantes universitarios de la carrera de Ingeniería Comercial en Chile. (Metodología) Las personas participantes del estudio son noventa estudiantes de la asignatura de Cálculo Aplicado a los Negocios de una universidad chilena. El diseño metodológico, basado en las herramientas del Enfoque Ontosemiótico del Conocimiento e Instrucción Matemáticos, considera diversas configuraciones epistémicas en las situaciones-problemas sobre tangentes, el cálculo de derivadas a partir de reglas de derivación, aplicaciones de la derivada para el cálculo de máximos y mínimos y análisis de gráficas de funciones. Además, integra las TIC en las diversas tareas. (Resultados) Los resultados indican que la propuesta instruccional de enseñanza de la derivada supera algunas de las dificultades de aprendizaje de los y las estudiantes, evidenciadas en diversas investigaciones. En particular, las dificultades del estudiantado de Ingeniería Comercial en torno a la concepción euclidiana de la recta tangente; la interpretación de la función “derivada” y su representación geométrica, la optimización de funciones económicas y la aplicación de la derivada a funciones marginales. (Conclusiones) Se concluye que el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje es eficaz, en el sentido de que se consigue el aprendizaje del alumnado de una carrera de ingeniería específica mediante la incorporación, en la instrucción, de diferentes configuraciones epistémicas de la derivada interconectadas, sus diferentes campos de problemas y las aplicaciones contextuales en su profesión, junto al uso de recursos TIC.

Resumo (Objetivo) O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar os resultados da implementação de um desenho instrucional para o ensino da derivada para alunos de graduação em Engenharia de Negócios no Chile. (Metodologia) Os participantes do estudo são noventa alunos da disciplina de Cálculo Empresarial Aplicado de uma universidade chilena. O desenho metodológico, baseado nas ferramentas da Abordagem Ontossemiótica do Conhecimento e Instrução Matemática, considera diversas configurações epistêmicas nas situações-problemas sobre tangentes, cálculo de derivadas a partir de regras de derivadas, aplicações da derivada para o cálculo de máximos e mínimos e análise de gráficos de funções. Além disso, integra as TIC nas diversas tarefas. (Resultados) Os resultados indicam que a proposta instrucional para o ensino da derivada supera algumas das dificuldades de aprendizagem dos alunos, conforme evidenciado em várias pesquisa. Em particular, as dificuldades dos alunos de Engenharia de Negócios sobre a concepção euclidiana da reta tangente; sobre a interpretação da função “derivada” e sua representação geométrica, sobre a otimização de funções econômicas e a aplicação da derivada a funções marginais. (Conclusões) Conclui-se que o processo de ensino e aprendizagem é eficaz, no sentido de que a aprendizagem dos alunos em um curso de engenharia específico, é alcançada por meio da incorporação, na instrução, de diferentes configurações epistêmicas da derivada interconectadas, dos diferentes campos de problemas e das aplicações contextuais em sua profissão, juntamente ao uso de recursos de TIC.

Abstract (Objective) The objective of this article is to present the results of the implementation of an instructional design for the teaching of the derivative for undergraduate students of Business Engineering in Chile. (Methodology) The participants in the study were ninety students of Applied Business Calculus at a Chilean university. The methodological design, based on the tools of the Ontosemiotic Approach to Mathematical Cognition and Instruction, consider various epistemic configurations in situations-problems concerning tangents, the calculation of derivatives from the rules for derivation, applications of the derivative for the calculation of maxima and minima, and analysis of graphs of functions. In addition, it integrates ICT into various activities. (Results) The results indicate that the instructional proposal for teaching the derivative overcomes some of students’ learning difficulties, as shown in various research studies. In particular, these include the difficulties that Business Engineering students have with the Euclidean conception of the tangent line, the interpretation of the derivative function and its geometric representation, the optimization of economic functions, and the application of the derivative to marginal functions. (Conclusions) It is concluded that the teaching and learning process is effective, in the sense that student learning for a specific engineering career is achieved by instruction that incorporates different interconnected epistemic configurations of the derivative, its different fields of problems, and contextual applications in their profession, together with the use of ICT resources.

Abstract Incorporating BIM in the education of professionals has become a demand and a topic of high importance for higher education. Several proposals for a curricular implementation of BIM exist. However, in most cases, they are specific to a single university or domain, do not consider academic policies or simplify practice by segmenting knowledge. This work proposes a protocol for the curricular implementation of BIM similar to the industry, considering aspects of process, technology, and policies aligned with the educational institution's mission and with existing competencies. Action research was the used method. Three actions were conducted: (1) proposition, (2) systematization and (3) application. The actions were executed in cycles incrementally, resulting in (1) guidelines, (2) supporting tools and (3) implementation plans. Two Brazilian universities participated in pilot studies of Project Construa Brasil. The pilot studies inspired a network of BIM cells that have synchronously applied curricular BIM implementation guidelines on a large scale. The guidelines proved to be generic and comprehensive, guiding the transformation with an empirical basis for the academics' decision-making. Leadership of a BIM specialist was confirmed as an essential factor of success. It is observed that even with a timid introduction of BIM competence in a limited scope of engineering solutions, the impact on the BIM maturity curriculum is significant. exist However cases domain knowledge industry process technology institutions institution s competencies method conducted 1 (1 proposition 2 (2 3 (3 application incrementally plans Brasil scale comprehensive academics decisionmaking. decisionmaking decision making. making decision-making success solutions significant (

Resumo Incorporar o BIM na formação de profissionais tornou-se uma demanda e um tema de grande importância para o ensino superior. Existem várias propostas de implementação curricular do BIM. No entanto, na maioria dos casos, são específicos de uma única universidade oudomínio, não contemplam políticas acadêmicas ou simplificam a prática segmentando o conhecimento. Este trabalho propõe um protocolo para a implementação curricular do BIM semelhante aoda indústria, considerando aspectos de processo, tecnologia e políticas alinhados com a missão da instituição de ensino e com as competências existentes. Pesquisa-ação foi o método utilizado. Três ações foram realizadas: (1) proposição, (2) sistematização e (3) aplicação. As ações foram realizadas em ciclos de forma incremental, resultando em (1) diretrizes, (2) ferramentas de apoio e (3) planos de implementação. Duas universidades brasileiras participaram de estudos-piloto do Projeto Construa Brasil. Os estudos-piloto inspiraram uma rede de células BIM que aplicaram as diretrizes curriculares de implementação BIM em larga escala. As diretrizes mostraram-se genéricas e abrangentes, orientando a transformação com base empírica para a tomada de decisão dos acadêmicos. A facilitação de um especialista BIM foi confirmada como fator essencial de sucesso. Observa-se que, mesmo com uma tímida introdução de competências BIM em um escopo limitado de soluções de engenharia, o impacto na maturidade BIM do currículo é significativo. tornouse tornou se superior entanto casos oudomínio conhecimento indústria processo existentes Pesquisaação Pesquisa ação utilizado 1 (1 proposição 2 (2 3 (3 aplicação incremental estudospiloto estudos piloto Brasil escala mostraramse mostraram abrangentes acadêmicos sucesso Observase Observa engenharia significativo (

Abstract: The Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) curves are a way to visualize and represent extreme hydrometeorological rainfall events. In this article, an analysis of convective rainfall events recorded at the La Piedra Meteorological Station, Villa Clara, Cuba, was conducted. To develop IDF curves, the 2006-2019 time series was analyzed. A partial duration series was generated, including intervals from 20 minutes to 4320 minutes, subjected to an outlier detection process. The series was divided into two categories: one for durations ≤ 720 minutes and another for durations > 720 minutes. The resulting series underwent non-parametric tests to assess their independence, randomness, homogeneity, and seasonality. Subsequently, they were fitted to the Generalized Pareto probability distribution and to a parametric equation of the Montana model, and then the curves were plotted for return periods of 10, 50 and 100. The Montana model led to obtaining correlation coefficients greater than 0.90 compared to the other methods used, significantly improving the quality of the fit in both categories. This research provides information to understand and plan the management of intense climatic phenomena and adequate risk management in an area where such studies are lacking, facilitating access to crucial data essential in the design and execution of hydraulic engineering projects in the region.

Resumen: Las curvas de Intensidad-Duración-Frecuencia (IDF) son una manera de visualizar y representar los eventos hidrometeorológicos extremos de lluvia. En este artículo se llevó a cabo un análisis de eventos de lluvias convectivas registrados en la Estación Meteorológica La Piedra, Villa Clara, Cuba. Para desarrollar curvas IDF se analizó la serie temporal 2006-2019. Se generó una serie de duración parcial que incluyó intervalos de 20 minutos hasta 4320 minutos, sometiéndola a un proceso de detección de datos anómalos. La serie se dividió en dos categorías: una para duraciones ≤ 720 minutos y otra para duraciones > 720 minutos. Las series resultantes se sometieron a pruebas no paramétricas para evaluar su independencia, aleatoriedad, homogeneidad y estacionalidad. Posteriormente, se procedió a ajustarlas a la distribución probabilística Generalizada de Pareto y a una ecuación paramétrica del modelo de Montana. Luego se grafica la representación de las curvas para períodos de retorno de 10, 50 y 100 años. El modelo de Montana condujo a la obtención de coeficientes de correlación superiores a 0.90 y a los demás métodos utilizados, mejorando significativamente la calidad del ajuste en ambas categorías. Esta investigación aporta información para comprender y planificar la gestión de fenómenos climáticos intensos, así como para una adecuada gestión de riesgos en una zona donde no se cuenta con este tipo de estudios. Asimismo, facilita el acceso a datos cruciales que resultan fundamentales en el diseño y ejecución de proyectos de ingeniería hidráulica en la zona.

ABSTRACT • The possible production of fructo-oligosaccharides from sucrose was evaluated in the Base Business Unit (UEB) “Ignacio Agramonte'”, which currently produces sorbitol, with low exploitation of the installed capacity, due to lack of glucose. There was an opportunity in infrastructure, time and labor to convert the entity into a multipurpose plant. A simulation model of the technology for the production of fructo-oligosaccharide syrup from sucrose was developed, based on the enzymatic transformation of sucrose into fructo-oligosaccharides, using the recombinant enzyme 1-SST (1-sucrose: sucrose fructosyltransferase) expressed in Pichia pastoris, obtained at the Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology at Sancti Spiritus. Model validation yielded relative errors lesser than 5 %. Two improvement alternatives were evaluated based on increasing the production of FOS by using the actual installed capacity in the sorbitol factory (alternative 1) and also increasing the initial concentration of the sucrose solution (alternative 2). Feasibility of the alternatives was evaluated by comparing the annual net cash income (Anci) and expenses. Alternative 2 was the best, producing 841,5 t of fructo-oligosaccharides in 90 working days, with a benefit/cost ratio of 1,2.

RESUMEN • Se evaluó la posibilidad de incorporar la produccón de fructo-oligosacáridos a partir de sacarosa en la Unidad Empresarial de Base (UEB) “Ignacio Agramonte” que produce actualmente sorbitol, con un bajo aprovechamiento de la capacidad instalada por falta de glucosa, existiendo oportunidad en infraestructura, tiempo y mano de obra para convertir la entidad en una planta multipropósito. Se desarrolló un modelo de simulación de la tecnología de producción de sirope de fructo-oligosacáridos a partir de sacarosa, basada en la transformación enzimática de la sacarosa en fructo-oligosacáridos, utiizando la enzima recombinante 1-SST (1-sacarosa: sacarosa fructosiltransferasa) expresada en Pichia pastoris, obtenida en el Centro de Ingeniería Genética y Biotecnología de Sancti Spiritus. La validación del modelo arrojó errores relativos menores que el 5 %. Se evaluaron dos alternativas de mejoras a partir de aumentar la producción de FOS al utilizar la capacidad real instalada en la fábrica de sorbitol (alternativa 1) y además aumentar la concentración inicial de la solución de sacarosa (alternativa 2). Se evaluó la factibilidad de las alternativas al comparar la ganancia anual después de impuestos (Anci) y los egresos. La alternativa 2 resultó la mejor, produciéndose con ella 841,5 t de fructo-oligosacáridos en 90 días de trabajo, con una relacion beneficio / costo de 1,2.

ABSTRACT International Academic Missions (MAI) are framed as academic mobility within the framework of the internationalization process carried out in Higher Education Institutions. The objective of this work is to know the perception of the participants of a private university in Paraguay regarding their experience in the International Academic Mission carried out in the city of Corrientes-Argentina, 2023. The work presented a quantitative, design approach non-experimental cross-sectional and descriptive scope. The analyzed population consisted of 37 people as well as the sample. The inclusion criteria were having participated in the MAI experience, belonging to the Marketing and Advertising, Business Administration and Commercial Engineering majors of the university analyzed and agreeing to complete the survey. The survey was used as data collection through a 27-question questionnaire sent via WhatsApp in September 2023. The most relevant results are: the Organization dimension (x̄=4.92) and Destination of mobility (x̄=4.91) They had the highest score while the lowest corresponded to the Duration of the experience dimension (x̄=4.41). Likewise, the most notable items were Q11 “Rate the interaction with Paraguayan teachers” and P13 “Rate the interaction with Paraguayan managers”, both with (x̄=4.97). It is worth mentioning that the lowest corresponded to P5 “The 4 (four) days of stay have been sufficient” (x̄=4.03). It is concluded that the participants are very satisfied with the MAI carried out in Corrientes.

RESUMEN Las Misiones Académicas Internacionales (MAI) se enmarcan como movilidad académica en el marco del proceso de internacionalización llevada a cabo en las Instituciones de Educación Superior. El objetivo del presente trabajo es conocer la percepción de los participantes de una universidad privada de Paraguay con respecto a su experiencia en la Misión Académica Internacional llevada a cabo en la ciudad de Corrientes-Argentina, 2023. El trabajo presentó un enfoque cuantitativo, de diseño no experimental de corte transversal y alcance descriptivo. La población analizada estuvo constituida por 37 personas como así la muestra. Los criterios de inclusión fueron haber participado de la experiencia MAI, pertenecientes a las carreras de Marketing y Publicidad, Administración de Empresas e Ingeniería Comercial de la universidad analizada y estar de acuerdo en completar la encuesta. Se utilizó la encuesta como recolección de datos mediante un cuestionario de 27 preguntas enviado vía WhatsApp en septiembre de 2023. Los resultados más relevantes son: la dimensión Organización (x̄=4,92) y Destino de la movilidad (x̄=4,91) tuvieron la mayor puntuación mientras que la más baja correspondió a la dimensión Duración de la experiencia (x̄=4,41). Asimismo, los ítems más resaltantes fueron la P11 “Califica la interacción con docentes paraguayos” y P13 “Califica la interacción con gestores paraguayos”, ambos con (x̄=4,97). Cabe mencionar que las más bajas correspondió a la P5 “Los 4 (cuatro) días de estancia han sido suficientes” (x̄=4,03). Se concluye que los participantes se encuentran Muy satisfechos con la MAI realizada a Corrientes.

Resumo La edificación del conocido como aljibe del conde de Tendilla es uno de los primeros proyectos que se acometen en la Alhambra de Granada como parte del proceso relacionado con su habitabilidad. De este modo, desde 1492 a 1495 se operaron en la Alhambra construcciones para que la población cristiana pudiese resistir un largo asedio. Las obras de adecuación se desarrollaron en dos líneas, por un lado, la instalación de una artillería en todo el conjunto de murallas, en torres y puertas, y, por otro, la adopción de medidas ante un hipotético sitio, destacando la refortificación de la Alcazaba, y la construcción del aljibe al que nos venimos refiriendo. En el recinto de la fortaleza se va a aspirar a la configuración de una auténtica ciudad con obras de un elevado contenido simbólico, detrás de las cuales se encuentran figuras claves como Íñigo López de Mendoza, el conde de Tendilla. Este noble se va a convertir en uno de los ideólogos del importante cambio que sufrió la zona palatina nazarí en relación con el papel que desempeñó en el marco de la nueva monarquía.

Abstract The construction of the cistern of the Count of Tendilla, as it is known, was one of the first projects undertaken in the Alhambra of Granada as part of the process related to its habitability. From 1492 to 1495, constructions were carried out in the Alhambra to enable the Christian population to withstand a long siege. The adaptation works were developed in two lines, on one hand, the installation of artillery throughout the walls, towers and gates, and on the other, the adoption of measures against a hypothetical siege, highlighting the refortification of the Alcazaba and the construction of the aforementioned cistern. In the fortress complex, the aim was to create a genuine city with works of high symbolic content, behind which key figures such as Íñigo López de Mendoza, the Count of Tendilla, were involved. This nobleman became one of the ideologists of the significant change that the Nasrid palatine area underwent in relation to the role it played in the framework of the new monarchy.

ABSTRACT The city of Bahía Blanca, located in the southwest of the province of Buenos Aires, has sustained for several decades a strong process of territorial expansion towards urban peripheral sectors. The use of land in the east and southeast of the city is currently manifested as an important element in the urban structure, sometimes without an adequate geotechnical study to know their response to the loads they can bear when used as physical support for engineering structures. With the aim of characterizing and classifying the soils of the outcropping and subsoil units of the sector, standardized in situ tests were carried out: resistance to penetration to estimate the compactness of the soil in its natural state and density of the soil in situ by the cone of sand method. In the laboratory, the granulometry determination method was applied by wet sieving and the Atterberg limits were determined. Based on the established parameters, the Unified Soil Classification System (USCS) was carried out. The preliminary studies carried out allowed us to define that, in the study area, the soils vary in depth from fine soils, clays of medium to high plasticity and silts of low plasticity, which grade to clayey sands / silty sands. The soils studied are mainly made up of: soils type CH and Cl on the surface that grade to SC and

RESUMEN La ciudad de Bahía Blanca, ubicada en el sudoeste de la provincia de Buenos Aires, sostiene desde hace varias décadas un fuerte proceso de expansión territorial hacia sectores periféricos urbanos. El uso de las tierras en el este y sudeste de la ciudad, se manifiesta actualmente como un elemento importante en la estructura urbana, en ocasiones sin un adecuado estudio geotécnico para estudiar su respuesta ante las cargas que puedan soportar cuando son utilizados como soporte físico de estructuras ingenieriles. Con el objetivo de caracterizar y clasificar los suelos de las unidades aflorantes y del subsuelo del sector, se realizaron ensayos normalizados in situ: resistencia a la penetración para estimar la compacidad del suelo en estado natural y densidad del suelo in situ por el método de cono de arena. En laboratorio se aplicó método de determinación de la granulometría mediante tamizado por vía húmeda y se determinaron los límites de Atterberg. En función a los parámetros establecidos se realizó la Clasificación Unificada de Suelos (Unified Soil Classification System, USCS). Los estudios preliminares realizados permitieron definir que, en el área de estudio los suelos varían en profundidad desde suelos finos, arcillas de plasticidad media a alta y limos de baja plasticidad, que gradan a arenas arcillosas / arenas limosas. Los suelos estudiados están constituidos principalmente por: suelos tipo CH y Cl en superficie que gradan a SC y SM.

RESUMEN El objetivo del presente trabajo es ofrecer una estrategia didáctica que contribuya a la solución de problemas matemáticos-profesionales con enfoque formativo agroecológico por los estudiantes de Agronomía. El diagnóstico del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la Matemática, la revisión de la bibliografía básica y programas de estudio revelaron una insuficiente sistematización didáctico-metodológico en la interrelación de los contenidos de la profesión, la asignatura Matemática y lo contextual agroecológico. La aplicación de la estrategia didáctica propició el interés por el estudio de la Matemática, así como la utilización de modelos y métodos matemáticos en la solución a los problemas objeto de estudio.

ABSTRACT The objective of this work is to offer a didactic strategy that contributes to the solution of mathematical-professional problems with an agroecological formative approach by Agronomy students. The diagnosis of the teaching-learning process of Mathematics, the review of the basic bibliography and study programs revealed an insufficient didactic-methodological systematization in the interrelation of the contents of the profession, the subject Mathematics and the agroecological contextual. The application of the didactic strategy favored the interest in the study of Mathematics, as well as the use of mathematical models and methods in the solution to the problems under study.

A model was composed that integrated demand for railway services, systemic capacity design of production factors, operating efficiency, and the financial viability of the designed railway operations of a dedicated rail freight project. The design model incorporated efficiency measures essential to successfully developing new railway systems. The investment in rail infrastructure concerning the geometric parameters and their effect on the project's viability was deduced. A relationship between the geometric layout of track alignment and the hauling process of freight was determined. Results from simulation work to ascertain the operating efficiency informed the design of train-crossing capacity. The effect of inefficiencies on the performance of the production factors and the influence thereof on the rail tariff and the internal rate of return was determined. The design model covered the range of demand from low volumes of dedicated freight to the advent of heavy-haul operations, and will find its application in cases of new green-field projects. The design parameters applied in sub-models were correlated with the results of field tests and individual new railway projects undertaken in Southern Africa. The results of the effect of systemic operating efficiency on the capacity of the rolling stock fleet were illustrated.

RESUMEN La investigación propone un laboratorio virtual y las tareas docentes que relaciona la biomecánica con la actividad física y deportiva en la Universidad de Cienfuegos. El “Proyecto Hypathia” se propone transformar los procesos sustantivos de la Universidad de Cienfuegos en los campos en los que se integran las Ciencias-Tecnología-Ingeniería-Matemáticas, pero sesgados por una participación escasa, asistemática de las relaciones interdisciplinarias que abarcan las nuevas tecnologías e incursionan en los simuladores, la robótica manifestaciones del arte que se suman como propuesta creativa en los procesos de investigación, formación de profesionales y de extensión universitaria. Se propone un laboratorio virtual y las tareas docentes que relaciona la biomecánica con la actividad física y deportiva en la Universidad de Cienfuegos. Los resultados logrados en la investigación en gran medida fueron posibles por la implementación de diversos métodos y técnicas de investigación los cuales posibilitaron la fundamentación del tema y la valoración del diseño empleado. La implementación de tareas docentes con enfoque STEAM permitió evaluar el proceso y sus resultados desde la práctica educativa en los estudiantes de segundo año de la facultad de Ciencias de la Cultura Física y el deporte de Cienfuegos.

ABSTRACT The research proposes a virtual laboratory and teaching tasks that relate biomechanics with physical and sports activity at the University of Cienfuegos. The “Hypathia Project” aims to transform the substantive processes of the University of Cienfuegos in the fields in which Sciences-Technology-Engineering-Mathematics are integrated, but biased by a scarce, unsystematic participation in the interdisciplinary relationships that encompass new technologies. and they venture into simulators, robotics, art manifestations that add as a creative proposal to the research processes, training of professionals and university extension. A virtual laboratory and teaching tasks that relate biomechanics with physical and sports activity at the University of Cienfuegos are proposed. The results achieved in the research were largely possible due to the implementation of various research methods and techniques which made it possible to substantiate the topic and evaluate the design used. The implementation of teaching tasks with a STEAM approach allowed the evaluation of the process and its results from educational practice in the second-year students of the Faculty of Physical Culture and Sports Sciences of Cienfuegos.

ABSTRACT The study explored the attitudes that working adult students of the Business Administration Engineering program value in their professors, during the 2022 academic program. A methodology with a qualitative, exploratory approach was applied, with a phenomenological design and a case perspective. A convenience sample was used and a total of 100 students of the 2022 cohort were considered. The main results showed that the attitudes that students value in their teachers are the creation of a climate of work and participation, in addition to motivating interest in their learning process. It was concluded that working adult students not only value in their teachers' attitudes related to technical aspects of how to conduct a class, but also those that point to the impact on the subjective aspect of the individual.

RESUMO O estudo explorou as atitudes que os estudantes adultos trabalhadores da carreira de Engenharia em Administração valorizam em seus professores, durante o programa acadêmico do ano de 2022. Aplicou-se uma metodologia com abordagem qualitativa, exploratória, com desenho fenomenológico e perspectiva de caso. . Foi utilizada uma amostra de conveniência e foram considerados um total de 100 alunos da coorte de 2022. Os principais resultados mostraram que as atitudes que os alunos valorizam nos seus professores são a criação de um clima de trabalho e participação, além de motivar o interesse pela sua aprendizagem processo. Concluiu-se que os alunos adultos trabalhadores não valorizam apenas em seus professores atitudes relacionadas aos aspectos técnicos de como conduzir uma aula, mas também aquelas que apontam para o impacto nos aspectos subjetivos do indivíduo.

RESUMEN El estudio exploró las actitudes que valoran los estudiantes adultos trabajadores de la carrera de Ingeniería en Administración de Empresas en sus profesores, durante el programa académico del año 2022. Se aplicó una metodología con un enfoque cualitativo, exploratorio, con un diseño fenomenológico y una perspectiva de caso. Se utilizó una muestra por conveniencia y se consideró un total de 100 estudiantes de la cohorte 2022. Los principales resultados mostraron que las actitudes que valoran los estudiantes en sus profesores son la creación de un clima de trabajo y participación, además de motivar el interés por su proceso de aprendizaje. Se concluyó que los estudiantes adultos trabajadores no solo valoran en sus profesores actitudes relacionadas a aspectos técnicos de cómo realizar una clase, sino que también aquellas que apuntan al impacto en lo subjetivo del individuo.

RESUMEN Se presenta las concepciones de la Cultura científica en Química y Sociedad (CQS) de un grupo de profesores, investigadores de Ciencias químicas e Ingeniería química de la Universidad de Zaragoza, y expertos vinculados a la gestión y comunicación de la ciencia en Aragón, España. El objetivo, analizar y explicar las concepciones de Cultura científica sobre la relación Química y Sociedad (QS) de este grupo de personas. La metodología obedece a una perspectiva descriptiva, interpretativa, con predominio del enfoque cualitativo, y tiene como propósito teórico, práctico, describir las categorías (QS) que conforman el proceso de aplicación de la Entrevista Semiestructurada sobre (CQS), elaborada exnovo para esta investigación. Como resultado, predomina el criterio de comprender la Cultura científica, como las investigaciones básicas que hacen en las industrias, los laboratorios y empresas, que le permitan obtener sustancias químicas de aplicabilidad en la sociedad.

ABSTRACT It presents the Perceptions of the Scientific Culture in Chemistry and Society (CQS) of a group of professors, researchers of Chemical Sciences and Chemical Engineering of the University of Zaragoza, and experts linked to the management and communication of science in Aragón, 2013- 2016 The objective is to analyze and explain the conceptions about the Chemical and Society (QS) relationship of this group of people. The methodology obeys a descriptive, interpretative perspective, with predominance of the qualitative approach and has as its theoretical, practical purpose to describe the categories (QS) that make up the process of application of the Semi-structured Interview on (CQS) elaborated exnovo for this research. As a result, the criterion of understanding scientific culture predominates, such as the basic research they do in industries, laboratories and companies that allow them to obtain chemical substances of applicability in society.

Hierdie studie ondersoek die faktore wat dikwels oor die hoof gesien word wat industríele produktiwiteit beïnvloed, met die fokus op arbeid en masjienonderhoud as sleuteldrywers. Omvattende navorsing is onderneem in 'n werkswinkel wat motorkomponente vervaardig om hierdie faktore te identifiseer en te evalueer. Deur gebruik te maak van multi-kriteria besluitnemingsmodelle soos analitiese hiërargie proses, vae analitiese hiërargie proses, tegniek vir orde van voorkeur volgens ooreenkoms met ideale oplossing (TOPSIS), viekriterijumsko kompromisno rangiranje metode, onderneming verspreide toepassingsdiens, en entropie TOPSIS, het die studie verskeie produktiwiteitskriteria gerangskik. Kunsmatige neurale netwerke is toe aangewend om die rangorde te valideer. Die navorsing het die belangrikheid van vervaardigingstoerusting en rou materiaal beklemtoon, en ook die prioritisering van die arbeidsmag. Die implementering van materiaalhanteringstelsels wat daarop gemik is om foute te verminder en produktiwiteit te verbeter, was deurslaggewend. As gevolg van hierdie strategieë het nie-waardetoegevoegde aktiwiteite met 65,56% afgeneem, prosestyd het met 61,03% verbeter, wagtyd het beduidend met 66.66% verminder, mannekrag het met 35% afgeneem, en koste het met 45% afdaal. Hierdie uitkomste het gelei tot 'n noemenswaardige 23% toename in produksievlakke in die kernwinkel. Die studie beklemtoon die doeltreffendheid van innoverende werkmetodes en gestandaardiseerde bedryfsprosedures om produktiwiteit te maksimeer.

This study delves into the often-overlooked factors influencing industrial productivity, focusing on labour and machine maintenance as key drivers. Extensive research was undertaken in a core shop producing automotive components to identify and assess these factors. Using multi-criteria decision models (MCDM) such as analytic hierarchy process (AHP), fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP), technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS), viekriterijumsko kompromisno rangiranje (VIKOR) method, enterprise distributed application service (EDAs), and Entropy TOPSIS, the study ranked various productivity criteria. Artificial neural networks were then employed to validate these rankings. The research emphasised the significance of manufacturing equipment and raw materials, following the prioritisation of the workforce. Implementing material handling systems aimed at reducing errors and enhancing productivity proved pivotal. As a result of these strategies, non-value-added activities (NVA) decreased by 65.56%, process time improved by 61.03%, waiting time reduced significantly by 66.66%, manpower decreased by 35%, and costs decreased by 45%. These outcomes translated into a notable 23% increase in production levels in the core shop. The study underscores the efficacy of innovative work methods and standardised operating procedures in maximising productivity.

Die vervaardigingsbedryf ervaar tans 'n verskuiwing na volhoubaarheidgedrewe praktyke en beginsels. Maatskappy X is een van dié wat hul mededingendheid in die vervaardigingsbedryf wil verbeter deur volhoubaarheid te implementeer. Hierdie maatskappy ondervind egter struikelblokke in sy produksieproses omdat produksieteikens bereik moet word weens produkdefekte wat gemiddeld 8,97% is. Hierdie studie het die volhoubare skraal vervaardigingsbenadering gebruik om die maatskappy te help om meer mededingende doelwitte te bereik deur afval en besoedeling te verminder en meer doeltreffende produksieprosesse te skep. Die instrumente wat in hierdie navorsing gebruik is, was prosesaktiwiteitkartering (PAM), volhoubare waardestroomkartering (SVSM) en die volhoubaarheidsindeks (SI). Op grond van berekeninge met volhoubaarheidsaanwysers het die maatskappy se SI-resultate 183% beloop. Die pVoorgestelde verbeterings is gegee om die maatskappy se doeltreffendheid te verbeter en sy SI te verminder. Nadat herstelwerk gedoen is, is die SI-waarde tot 118% verminder. Met die verbetering in daardie waarde het produksiedoeltreffendheid ook verbeter: die prosessiklusdoeltreffendheid (PCE) waarde het 90,49% geword, wat beteken dat die maatskappy se produksieproses doeltreffender geword het.

The manufacturing industry is currently experiencing a shift towards sustainability-driven practices and principles. Company X is one of those who want to improve their competitiveness in the manufacturing industry by implementing sustainability. However, this company experiences obstacles in its production process because production targets still need to be achieved owing to product defects that average 8.97%. This study used the sustainable lean manufacturing approach to help the company to achieve more competitive goals by reducing waste and pollution and creating more efficient production processes. The tools used in this research were process activity mapping (PAM), sustainable value stream mapping (SVSM), and the sustainability index (SI). Based on calculations with sustainability indicators, the company's SI results amounted to 183%. The proposed improvements were given to improve the company's efficiency and to reduce its SI. After repairs had been made, the SI value was reduced to 118%. With the improvement in that value, production efficiency has also improved: the process cycle efficiency (PCE) value has become 90.49%, which means that the company's production process has become more efficient.