BACKGROUND. Adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) remain vulnerable to HIV, with a higher incidence rate than their male counterparts. OBJECTIVES. To determine the prevalence of and factors associated with HIV testing among AGYW in South Africa (SA). METHODS. A cross-sectional design was used to analyse the South Africa Demographic and Health Survey 2016. Only sexually active AGYW aged 15 - 24 years residing in SA at the time of the survey were included. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse baseline sociodemographic characteristics. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to determine factors associated with HIV testing. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05, and all analyses were adjusted using survey weights to account for unequal selection probabilities. RESULTS. The overall prevalence of HIV testing among sexually active AGYW was 85.2% (95% confidence interval (CI) 83.0 - 87.1). The AGYW who had a history of pregnancy (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 4.47; 95% CI 2.90 - 6.89), were employed (aOR 3.29; 95% CI 1.75 - 6.21), belonged to a middle wealth index (aOR 1.80; 95% CI 1.04 - 3.10), had knowledge about mother-to-child transmission of HIV (aOR 3.29; 95% CI 2.26 - 4.79), had visited a health facility during the past 12 months (aOR 2.93; 95% CI 2.09 - 4.10), or had secondary/tertiary education (aOR 2.04; 95% CI 1.04 - 3.99) had higher odds of HIV testing. CONCLUSION. The study identified an unmet need for HIV testing among sexually active AGYW in SA, especially adolescent girls aged 15 - 19 years. Increasing knowledge about HIV testing, adolescent-friendly services and other offsite strategies are therefore important for this particular key population.

Resumen: En el presente estudio, se analiza el desempeño sísmico de un sistema dual de hormigón armado (pórticos y muros especiales) con diferentes niveles de irregularidad torsional. Se plantean tres arquetipos, cada uno con un nivel de irregularidad torsional distinto (IT 1.0, IT 1.2 e IT 1.4) con la finalidad de evaluar el efecto de la irregularidad torsional en el desempeño sísmico. Los elementos estructurales de los arquetipos cumplen con el diseño sismorresistente. Además, se tomó en cuenta los factores de sobre-resistencia y amplificación dinámica para determinar el corte de diseño en los muros estructurales. Se realizaron análisis estático y dinámicos no lineales para cuantificar las respuestas globales y locales de cada uno de los modelos. Los modelos analíticos de muros estructurales son calibrados en función de los datos obtenidos en ensayos experimentales existentes, de esta manera se valida los elementos tipo fibra (infrmFB) usados y los parámetros de los modelos constitutivos de los materiales. Se realizan análisis dinámicos incrementales (IDA) para cada uno de los arquetipos con los once registros sísmicos seleccionados de la base del PEER. Las curvas IDA son desarrolladas con dos parámetros de demanda ingenieril: derivas de piso y deformaciones unitarias. Finalmente, se elaboran las curvas de fragilidad para los niveles de desempeño de ocupación inmediata, seguridad de vida y prevención de colapso, y se determinan los coeficientes de margen con la finalidad de cuantificar las probabilidades de alcanzar los niveles de desempeño mencionados.

Abstract: This research evaluates the seismic performance of a dual reinforced concrete system with different levels of torsional irregularity. Three archetypes are proposed, each of them with a different level of torsional irregularity (IT 1.0, IT 1.2 and IT 1.4) in order to evaluate the effect of torsional irregularity on seismic performance. The structural elements of the archetypes comply with the seismic design. In addition, the factors of overstrength and dynamic amplification were considered to determine the design shear force in the structural walls. Linear static and nonlinear dynamic analysis were performed to quantify the global and local responses of each of the models. The analytical models of structural walls are calibrated based on the data of existing experimental tests, thus validating the fiber-type elements (infrmFB) used and the parameters of the constitutive models of the materials. Incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) is performed for each of the archetypes with the eleven seismic records selected from the PEER database. IDA curves are developed with two engineering demand parameters: story drifts and strains. Finally, the fragility curves are elaborated for the immediate occupancy, life safety, and collapse prevention performance levels, and the margin ratio are determined to quantify the probabilities of reaching a certain level of performance.

Abstract This research seeks to analyze the results of the application of latent class analysis model in the variables of job satisfaction and organizational commitment. It was used a questionnaire in which it was obtained a sample of 528 employees. One of the main results of the analysis is that three categories of workers were gotten for each variable, that is, high/moderate/low job satisfaction and low/medium/high organizational commitment. Each category differs from the others in terms of the probability of response of each behavior orl intention to behave. The results show that, both in the public and private sector, workers with low levesl of job satisfaction are characterized by having low levels in all dimensions, mainly in satisfaction with recognition (79.5% and 100%, respectively), and regarding organizational commitment, those who have a low level in general, have higher probabilities of being in a low level in each of its three dimensions.

Resumen Esta investigación busca analizar los resultados de la aplicación de un modelo de análisis de clases latentes en las variables satisfacción laboral y compromiso organizacional. Se aplicó un cuestionario del cual se obtuvo una muestra de 528 empleados. Uno de los principales resultados del análisis es que se obtuvieron tres categorías de trabajadores para cada variable, esto es, satisfacción laboral alta/moderada/baja y compromiso organizacional bajo/medio/alto. Cada una de las categorías se diferencia de las otras en función de la probabilidad de respuesta de cada conducta o intención de comportamiento. Se presenta en los resultados que, tanto en el sector público como privado, los trabajadores con nivel bajo de satisfacción laboral se caracterizan por tener niveles bajos en todas las dimensiones, principalmente en la satisfacción con el reconocimiento (79,5% y 100% respectivamente), y respecto al compromiso organizacional, quienes tienen un nivel bajo en general tienen probabilidades más altas de estar en un nivel bajo en cada una de sus tres dimensiones.

ABSTRACT Introduction: The impact of mitral regurgitation (MR) on valve-in-valve transcatheter aortic valve implantation (VIV-TAVI) in patients with failed bioprostheses remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to assess the prognostic impact of residual moderate MR following VIV-TAVI. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 127 patients who underwent VIV-TAVI between March 2010 and November 2021. At least moderate MR was observed in 51.2% of patients before the procedure, and MR improved in 42.1% of all patients. Patients with postoperative severe MR, previous mitral valve intervention, and patients who died before postoperative echocardiography were excluded from further analyses. The remaining 114 subjects were divided into two groups according to the degree of postprocedural MR: none-mild MR (73.7%) or moderate MR (26.3%). Propensity score matching yielded 23 pairs for final comparison. Results: No significant differences were found between groups before and after matching in early results. In the matched cohort, survival probabilities at one, three, and five years were 95.7% vs. 87.0%, 85.0% vs. 64.5%, and 85.0% vs. 29.0% in the none-mild MR group vs. moderate MR-group, respectively (log-rank P=0.035). Among survivors, patients with moderate MR had worse functional status according to New York Heart Association (NYHA) class at follow-up (P=0.006). Conclusion: MR is common in patients with failed aortic bioprostheses, and improvement in MR-status was observed in over 40% of patients following VIV-TAVI. Residual moderate MR after VIV-TAVI is not associated with worse early outcomes, however, it was associated with increased mortality at five years of follow-up and worse NYHA class among survivors. Introduction (MR valveinvalve VIVTAVI VIV TAVI (VIV-TAVI unclear VIVTAVI. TAVI. Methods 12 201 2021 512 51 2 51.2 procedure 421 42 1 42.1 intervention analyses 11 nonemild none mild 73.7% 737 73 7 (73.7% 26.3%. 263 26.3% . 26 3 (26.3%) comparison Results results cohort one three 957 95 95.7 vs 870 87 0 87.0% 850 85 85.0 645 64 5 64.5% 290 29 29.0 MRgroup, MRgroup group, MR-group logrank log rank P=0.035. P0035 P P=0.035 035 P=0.035) survivors (NYHA followup follow up P=0.006. P0006 P=0.006 006 (P=0.006) Conclusion MRstatus 40 outcomes however 20 202 51. 4 42. 73.7 (73.7 26.3 (26.3% 9 95. 8 87.0 85. 6 64.5 29. P003 P=0.03 03 P000 P=0.00 00 (P=0.006 73. (73. 26. (26.3 87. 64. P00 P=0.0 (P=0.00 (73 (26. P0 P=0. (P=0.0 (7 (26 P=0 (P=0. ( (2 P= (P=0 (P= (P

Abstract Introduction Pregnancy and diabetes mellitus promote several musculoskeletal changes predisposing this population to complaints of Lower Back (LB) and Pelvic Pain (PP). Objective To assess the frequency of LB and PP and associated factors in type 1 Diabetic (DM1) pregnant women. Method: An observational analytical cross-sectional study. Thirty-six pregnant women with DM1 were evaluated through a postural assessment with a focus on pelvic positioning and what patients reported. The associated factors were assessed using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form (ICIQ-SF), and the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI). Results The frequency of LB and PP was 55.6 % and 30.6 %, respectively. The presence of anxiety was not associated with a higher prevalence of pain. The incidence of sexual dysfunctions was higher in the GD. DM1 duration had a mean of 14.9 years (± 8.2 SD) in the GD and 9.0 years (± 6.9 SD) in the GSD, which was statistically significant (p ≤ 0.050). In the multiple binary regression analysis for the occurrence of pain, the independent factor was DM1 duration ≥ 17 years (OR = 11.2; 95 % CI = 1.02‒124.75). The association between DM1 duration ≥ 17 years and being overweight showed a probability of 95 % for the studied population in the analysis of the probabilities of occurrence of the pain event. Conclusion There was a high frequency of LB and PP related to pregnancy in DM1 pregnant women in the second trimester of pregnancy. The incidence of sexual dysfunction and DM1 duration ≥ 17 years increases the chance that DM1 pregnant women will experience pain. There was no association between anxiety. urinary incontinence and pain in DM1 pregnant women. (LB PP. . (PP) DM (DM1 Method crosssectional cross sectional study Thirtysix Thirty six reported StateTrait State Trait STAI, STAI , (STAI) ICIQSF, ICIQSF ICIQ SF (ICIQ-SF) FSFI. FSFI (FSFI) 556 55 6 55. 306 30 30. respectively 149 14 9 14. ± ( 82 8 2 8. SD 90 0 9. 69 6. GSD p 0.050. 0050 0.050 050 0.050) OR 11.2 112 11 1.02‒124.75. 10212475 1.02‒124.75 02 124 75 1.02‒124.75) event (PP (DM (STAI (ICIQ-SF (FSFI 5 3 005 0.05 05 11. 1021247 1.02‒124.7 12 7 00 0.0 102124 1.02‒124. 0. 10212 1.02‒124 1021 1.02‒12 102 1.02‒1 10 1.02‒ 1.02 1.0 1.

Abstract Design loads for parking garages should be reviewed every few years due to changes in fleet characteristics and the impact of design loads on carbon emissions by the built environment. Specifically for Brazil, the authors are unaware of existing studies to justify the design values and corresponding exceedance probabilities stated in NBR 6120:2019 - Design Loads for Structures. In this paper, a simplified probabilistic model for live loads in parking garages is presented. A set of updated statistics characterizing the gross curb weight of the fleet in circulation was obtained based on technical specifications and sales reports between 2003 and 2022. These statistics and the probabilistic load model are employed to derive the equivalent uniform design load corresponding to a 30% probability of being exceeded in 50 years, according to the definition stated in NBR 6120:2019 and NBR 8681:2003. The results provide support for a significant reduction of the current design load for light-duty vehicle parking garages, from the current 3.0 kN/m2 to at least 2.5 kN/m2. Such a reduction has a significant impact on new building construction costs and carbon emissions and would not compromise the structural safety of parking garages built in Brazil. environment Brazil 61202019 6120 2019 6120:201 Structures paper presented 200 2022 30 5 86812003. 86812003 8681 2003. 8681:2003 lightduty light duty 3 0 3. kNm2 kNm kN m2 m kN/m 25 2 2. 6120201 612 201 6120:20 20 202 8681200 868 8681:200 612020 61 6120:2 868120 86 8681:20 61202 6 6120: 86812 8 8681:2 8681:

Resumo Cargas de projeto para garagens devem ser periodicamente revisadas em função de mudanças nas características da frota de veículos, bem como devido ao impacto nas emissões de carbono do ambiente construído. Especificamente no caso do Brasil, os autores desconhecem estudos que justifiquem os valores de projeto e as probabilidades de excedência preconizados na NBR 6120:2019 - Ações para o cálculo de estruturas de edificações. Neste artigo, um modelo estocástico simplificado para cargas variáveis em garagens e estacionamentos é apresentado. Com base nas especificações técnicas dos veículos e em dados de vendas entre 2003 e 2022, foram obtidas estatísticas para caracterizar os pesos operacionais da frota de veículos em circulação. Estas estatísticas e o modelo probabilístico são utilizados para obter a carga uniforme equivalente que corresponde à probabilidade de 30% de ser ultrapassada em 50 anos, conforme a definição da NBR 6120:2019. Os resultados obtidos fornecem suporte para uma redução na carga de projeto para garagens, dos atuais 3.0 kN/m2 para pelo menos 2.5 kN/m2. Tal redução teria um impacto significativo no custo de novos edifícios-garagem/estacionamentos subterrâneos, bem como nas emissões de carbono, sem comprometer a segurança destas estruturas. construído Brasil 61202019 6120 2019 6120:201 edificações artigo apresentado 200 2022 circulação 30 5 anos 61202019. 2019. 3 0 3. kNm2 kNm kN m2 m kN/m 25 2 2. edifíciosgaragem/estacionamentos edifíciosgaragemestacionamentos edifícios garagem/estacionamentos garagem subterrâneos 6120201 612 201 6120:20 20 202 edifíciosgaragem garagemestacionamentos 612020 61 6120:2 61202 6 6120:

ABSTRACT The paper departs from instantiation to explore text in relation to the quantitative properties of language - more specifically how probability plays a part in the matching of an instance and a particular socially-oriented use. Such matching not only links instantiation and stratification, but also helps explaining how different context configurations (patterns of register and genre) are accordingly related to steps in subpotentialization. The fact that language is an inherently probabilistic system may yield a quantitative account of this process if a more complete modelling of language is to be obtained. As part of our exploration, we compiled a corpus of procedures and applied dynamics modelling to tease out quantitative properties of instances associated with context. We described some properties of instantiation - reweighting, association, and dynamics -, which determine the probabilities of an instance configuration, as they also behave following register variation. The paper goes on to show quantitatively how the process of subpotentialization is obtained, leading up to a complementary definition of ‘text’ as a probable unit of instantiation. sociallyoriented socially oriented use stratification patterns genre obtained exploration reweighting association , configuration variation ‘text

RESUMO Este trabalho considera o aspecto probabilístico da organização do texto a partir da instanciação. Cada instância manifesta de texto se associa à tipologia textual, tanto pelo contexto - como se registra amplamente na literatura - quanto pela configuração linguística mais provável, que é o foco deste trabalho. Descrever como a organização de probabilidade e frequência, assim como os mecanismos pelos quais as frequências emergem, motiva uma configuração linguística e determina como um texto é instanciado torna-se passo necessário para incluir propriedades quantitativas na modelagem. O artigo parte de um corpus de procedimentos, Subcorpus1 - experimentos científicos e receitas; e Subcorpus2 - referente à atividade social de “assar bolo”. Em seguida, identifica o perfil metafuncional dos textos e estabelece regras de associação entre os sistemas para identificar sua chavicidade. Por fim, aplica a metodologia da dinâmica de sistemas. Nos resultados, descrevem-se os mecanismos de subpotencialização, bem como determinam as probabilidades para uma instância ao mesmo tempo em que são constrangidos pela variação do registro. O trabalho aponta a alternativa complementar à análise dos gêneros para se compreender como os textos se organizam e são estruturados. instanciação textual provável frequência emergem tornase torna modelagem procedimentos Subcorpus receitas assar bolo. bolo . bolo” seguida chavicidade fim resultados descrevemse descrevem subpotencialização registro estruturados

Abstract The advent of information and communication technologies can lead to imbalances between labor supply and demand. Recent studies indicate that in Brazil, one of the sectors most likely to be affected by automation processes is agriculture. The objective is to investigate the factors that influence job retention in the agricultural sector, introducing an innovative explanatory factor: the probabilities of automation associated with different occupations, as proposed by Frey & Osborne (2013) and adapted to the Brazilian labor market by Lima et al. (2019). Our analysis used data from RAIS 2019. The results highlight that seniority and remuneration have a positive impact on the probability of an individual remaining employed. However, workers in occupations with a high probability of automation face an expected probability 6.66% lower to retain their jobs compared to those in low-probability automation occupations. Additionally, individuals with a degree have an 11.21% higher probability of maintaining employment compared to those with only a fundamental education. It is concluded that the estimates reinforce the need for investments in professional qualifications to provide workers with skills aligned with the contemporary agricultural needs. demand Brazil agriculture sector factor 2013 (2013 al 2019 . (2019) employed However 666 6 66 6.66 lowprobability low Additionally 1121 11 21 11.21 education needs 201 (201 (2019 6.6 112 1 2 11.2 20 (20 6. 11. (2 (

Resumo O advento das tecnologias de informação e comunicação pode ocasionar desajustes entre a oferta e a demanda de força de trabalho. Estudos recentes evidenciam que, no Brasil, um dos setores que tendem a ser mais impactados por processos de automação é o setor da agropecuária. O objetivo é investigar os fatores que influenciam a manutenção do emprego no setor agropecuário, introduzindo um fator explicativo inovador: as probabilidades de automação associadas a diferentes ocupações, conforme proposto por Frey & Osborne (2013), e adaptadas ao mercado de trabalho brasileiro por Lima et al. (2019). Na análise, utilizam-se os dados da RAIS de 2019. Os resultados apontam que o tempo de vínculo e a remuneração exercem um impacto positivo na probabilidade de um indivíduo permanecer empregado. No entanto, ocupações com alta probabilidade de automação apresentam uma probabilidade esperada 6,66% menor de manutenção do emprego para os trabalhadores quando comparadas às ocupações de baixa probabilidade de automação. Adicionalmente, indivíduos com graduação apresentam uma probabilidade 11,21% maior de manter o emprego em comparação com aqueles com apenas o ensino fundamental. Conclui-se que as estimativas reforçam a necessidade de investimentos em qualificação profissional para dotar os trabalhadores de habilidades alinhadas às necessidades da agropecuária contemporânea. Brasil agropecuário inovador 2013, 2013 , (2013) al 2019 . (2019) análise utilizamse utilizam se empregado entanto 666 6 66 6,66 Adicionalmente 1121 11 21 11,21 fundamental Concluise Conclui contemporânea 201 (2013 (2019 6,6 112 1 2 11,2 20 (201 6, 11, (20 (2 (

Abstract In this paper, an analysis is conducted on the adolescent population aged 15 to 17 years who work in the state of Jalisco in Mexico. The two main factors considered as negative impacts of adolescent work are analyzed: the impact on school dropout and employment under risky conditions. Using the ENTI 2019 (National Survey of Child Labour) we describe and analyze the employment rates in this population group, considering differences in gender, age, and size of the locality in which they reside, and their relationship and effect on school attendance and the probability of working under risky conditions. Most of the findings are consistent with the existing empirical literature, but it is worth noting that in this case the probabilities of working under risky conditions and dropping out of school do not necessarily have a monotonic relationship with age, and present differences in their trends depending on the size of the locality in which the adolescents reside.

Resumen En este artículo se hace un análisis de la población adolescente de 15 a 17 años que trabaja, en el estado Jalisco en México. Se analizan los dos principales factores que se consideran impactos negativos del trabajo adolescente: el impacto en el abandono escolar y el empleo en condiciones de riesgo. A partir de los datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Trabajo Infantil 2019 (ENTI 2019), se describen y analizan las tasas de empleo en este grupo poblacional, considerando diferencias de sexo, edad y tamaño de la localidad en la que se habita, y su relación y efecto sobre la inasistencia escolar y la probabilidad de trabajar en condiciones de riesgo. La mayoría de los hallazgos son consistentes con gran parte de la literatura empírica existente, pero destaca que las probabilidades de trabajar en condiciones de riesgo y de abandono escolar no tiene necesariamente una relación monótona con la edad, y presentan diferencias en sus tendencias dependiendo el tamaño de la localidad en la que habiten los adolescentes.

RESUMO: Este artigo se propõe a analisar a desarticulação entre a oferta e a demanda por conhecimento nas regiões brasileiras, utilizando como proxy a oferta de mão de obra e a sua inserção nos setores produtivos de acordo com a classificação de intensidade tecnológica da Organização para Cooperação e Desenvolvimento Econômico. São utilizados os dados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios Contínua do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística para o período de 2012 a 2019, e são estimados modelos logit multinomial para dados empilhados para o período com o objetivo de mensurar diferenças nas probabilidades de absorção dos trabalhadores ocupados em setores de baixa, média e alta intensidade tecnológica. Os resultados indicam que avanços no grau de qualificação formal reduzem a probabilidade de absorção em setores de baixa intensidade tecnológica, ao mesmo tempo em que aumentam as chances de inserção em setores de média e alta intensidades tecnológicas. As disparidades regionais evidenciam que a concepção de uma política que tenha como objetivo o fomento da inovação requer o desenho de instrumentos que estimulem de forma concreta o aumento da demanda por conhecimento. RESUMO brasileiras Econômico 201 2019 tecnológicas 20 2

ABSTRACT: This study aims to analyze the disconnection between the supply and demand for knowledge in Brazilian regions, using labor supply and its integration into productive sectors according to the OECD technological intensity classification as a proxy. Data from Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios Contínua (PNAD Contínua) by IBGE for the period from 2012 to 2019 were used, and logit-multinomial models for stacked data were estimated for this period to measure differences in the probabilities of workers being absorbed into low, medium, and high technological intensity sectors. Results indicate that advancements in formal qualifications reduce the probability of absorption in low technological intensity sectors and increase the chances of insertion in medium and high technological intensity sectors. Regional disparities highlight that the design of a policy aimed at fostering innovation requires the creation of concrete instruments that stimulate increased demand for knowledge. ABSTRACT regions proxy PNAD 201 used logitmultinomial logit multinomial 20 2

ABSTRACT The concept of a swarm of drones assumes the presence of a wireless ad hoc network, in which drones are network nodes and exchanging information with each other. This article is devoted to studying the behavior of an ad hoc network in a transient mode and assessing the characteristics of updating local adjacency matrices (LAM), which allow network nodes to autonomously form packet transmission routes. Using a simulation model, a comparison was made of two multiple access methods to a common data transmission channel in the process of updating matrices: cyclic and random (slotted ALOHA). The simulation results made it possible to determine areas of their effective application: slotted ALOHA is advisable to use with relatively high probabilities of packet distortion (of the order of 0.1 and higher), a numerous nodes (more than 40), and low network connectivity, and cyclic access (CA) is effective at a low level of distortion. It is shown that the completion of the process of updating adjacency matrices (AM) can be judged by such indicators of the exchange of routing information as the achievement of a certain threshold of the number of transmissions and a decrease in the level of network traffic. other LAM, LAM , (LAM) routes model ALOHA. . ALOHA) application 01 0 1 0. higher, higher higher) more 40, 40 40) connectivity CA (CA AM (AM traffic (LAM 4

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) may be related to sleep disorders and both factors can impair students’ performances. This study aimed to determine the association between TMD and sleep quality in higher education health students. METHODS: The sample consisted of 203 students, 144 (70.9%) female and 59 (29.1%) male, aged 18 to 46 years (23.7±6.3). The measurement instruments included a sociode-mographic questionnaire, the Fonseca Anamnesic Index (FAI) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). RESULTS: Of the students who were evaluated by the FAI, 135 (66.5%) were assessed with TMD. Of those who had TMD (135; 100%), 104 (77%) had mild TMD, 21 (15.5%) moderate TMD and 10 (7.5%) severe TMD. The values obtained by the PSQI indicated that 70 (34.5%) students had good sleep quality, 113 (55.7%) had poor sleep quality and only 20 (9.9%) had bad sleep quality. Students with poor sleep quality had 2.89 more probabilities of developing TMD (CI:158-5.32). CONCLUSION: Data revealed an association between TMD and poor sleep quality in higher education health students. The dissemination of these results among populations subject to great emotional stress, such as higher education students, has proved to be of great importance, so that preventive strategies can be adopted. OBJECTIVES (TMD performances METHODS 14 70.9% 709 9 (70.9% 5 29.1% 291 29 1 (29.1% male 4 23.7±6.3. 23763 23.7±6.3 . 23 7 6 3 (23.7±6.3) sociodemographic sociode mographic questionnaire FAI (FAI PSQI. (PSQI) RESULTS 13 66.5% 665 66 (66.5% (135 100%, 100 100% , 100%) 77% 77 (77% 2 15.5% 155 15 (15.5% 7.5% 75 (7.5% 34.5% 345 34 (34.5% 11 55.7% 557 55 (55.7% 9.9% 99 (9.9% 289 89 2.8 CI1585.32. CI158532 CI 158 5.32 32 (CI:158-5.32) CONCLUSION stress importance adopted 70.9 (70.9 29.1 (29.1 2376 23.7±6. (23.7±6.3 (PSQI 66.5 (66.5 (13 (77 15.5 (15.5 7.5 (7.5 34.5 (34.5 55.7 (55.7 9.9 (9.9 28 8 2. CI1585 CI1585.32 CI15853 532 5.3 (CI:158-5.32 70. (70. 29. (29. 237 23.7±6 (23.7±6. 66. (66. (1 (7 15. (15. 7. (7. 34. (34. 55. (55. 9. (9. CI158 CI1585.3 53 5. (CI:158-5.3 (70 (29 23.7± (23.7±6 (66 ( (15 (34 (55 (9 CI15 CI1585. (CI:158-5. (2 23.7 (23.7± (6 (3 (5 CI1 (CI:158-5 23. (23.7 (CI:158- (23. (CI:158 (23 (CI:15 (CI:1 (CI: (CI

RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A disfunção temporomandibular (DTM) pode estar relacionada a distúrbios do sono e ambos os fatores podem prejudicar o desempenho dos estudantes. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a associação entre a DTM e a qualidade do sono em estudantes do ensino superior na área da saúde. MÉTODOS: A amostra foi constituída por 203 estudantes, 144 (70,9%) do sexo feminino e 59 (29,1%) do masculino, com idades entre 18 e 46 anos (23,7±6,3). Os instrumentos de medida incluíram um questionário sociodemográfico, o Índice Anamnésico de Fonseca (IAF) e o Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). RESULTADOS: Dos estudantes avaliados pelo IAF, 135 (66,5%) foram avaliados com DTM. Dos que tinham DTM (135; 100%), 104 (77%) tinham DTM leve, 21 (15,5%) DTM moderada e 10 (7,5%) DTM grave. Os valores obtidos pelo PSQI indicaram que 70 (34,5%) estudantes apresentaram boa qualidade de sono, 113 (55,7%) má qualidade de sono e apenas 20 (9,9%) tinham uma péssima qualidade de sono. Estudantes com má qualidade do sono tiveram 2,89 mais chances de desenvolver DTM (IC: 158–5,32). CONCLUSÃO: Os dados revelaram uma associação entre DTM e má qualidade do sono em estudantes do ensino superior da área da saúde. A divulgação desses resultados com populações sujeitas a grande stress emocional, como os estudantes do ensino superior, revela-se de grande importância para que possam ser adotadas estratégias preventivas. OBJETIVOS (DTM saúde MÉTODOS 14 70,9% 709 9 (70,9% 5 29,1% 291 29 1 (29,1% masculino 4 23,7±6,3. 23763 23,7±6,3 . 23 7 6 3 (23,7±6,3) sociodemográfico IAF (IAF PSQI. (PSQI) RESULTADOS 13 66,5% 665 66 (66,5% (135 100%, 100 100% , 100%) 77% 77 (77% leve 2 15,5% 155 15 (15,5% 7,5% 75 (7,5% grave 34,5% 345 34 (34,5% 11 55,7% 557 55 (55,7% 9,9% 99 (9,9% 289 89 2,8 IC (IC 158–5,32. 158532 158–5,32 158 32 158–5,32) CONCLUSÃO emocional revelase revela se preventivas 70,9 (70,9 29,1 (29,1 2376 23,7±6, (23,7±6,3 (PSQI 66,5 (66,5 (13 (77 15,5 (15,5 7,5 (7,5 34,5 (34,5 55,7 (55,7 9,9 (9,9 28 8 2, 15853 158–5,3 70, (70, 29, (29, 237 23,7±6 (23,7±6, 66, (66, (1 (7 15, (15, 7, (7, 34, (34, 55, (55, 9, (9, 1585 158–5, (70 (29 23,7± (23,7±6 (66 ( (15 (34 (55 (9 158–5 (2 23,7 (23,7± (6 (3 (5 158– 23, (23,7 (23, (23

Abstract Introduction Almost 25% of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients have synchronous colorectal liver metastasis (SCLM) coinciding with the disease diagnosis. Liver-first approach for the treatment of SCLM involves neoadjuvant chemotherapy, subsequent liver resection, and then primary tumor resection. This strategy is adopted as the prognosis of the disease depends mainly on the metastases, not the primary tumor. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of the liver-first approach and clinical prognosis in managing SCLM. Materials and Methods This retrospective study included 25 patients with SCLM from July 2015 to July 2020. All patients were subjected to a liver-first approach with an "intention-to-treat" approach. Follow-up was planned for at least 3 years. Data were collected from the hospital records and included survival rates and univariate analyses of the prognostic factors, such as gender, age, and number of chemotherapy cycles to evaluate their effect on the survival probability. Results Nineteen patients completed the treatment paradigm. Long-term outcomes reported a median overall survival (OS) of 32 months. One-year and 3-year survival probabilities were 89.5% and 42.1%, respectively. The median disease-free survival was 13 months. The number of metastatic lesions, unilobar versus bilobar disease, and the frequency of administered chemotherapy cycles significantly affected survival (p < 0.05). Seven patients (36.84%) remained disease free (no recurrence) while 2 patients (10.53%) survived with recurrence. The overall mortality included 10 deaths (52.63%) due to recurrence. Conclusion Synchronous colorectal liver metastasis treated with the liver-first approach achieved a notable overall advantage. However, the recurrence rate remained relatively high. CRC (CRC (SCLM diagnosis Liverfirst Liver first resection metastases liverfirst 201 2020 intentiontotreat intention treat "intention-to-treat Followup Follow up years factors gender age probability paradigm Longterm Long term OS (OS months Oneyear One year 3year 895 89 5 89.5 421 42 1 42.1% respectively diseasefree lesions p 0.05. 005 0.05 . 0 05 0.05) 36.84% 3684 36 84 (36.84% no 10.53% 1053 53 (10.53% 52.63% 5263 52 63 (52.63% advantage However high 20 202 8 89. 4 42.1 00 0.0 36.84 368 (36.84 10.53 105 (10.53 52.63 526 6 (52.63 42. 0. 36.8 (36.8 10.5 (10.5 52.6 (52.6 36. (36. 10. (10. 52. (52. (36 (10 (52 (3 (1 (5 (

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Resumen En un lapso de 20 a 30 años, los datos sugieren que la participación en educación de adultos (incluidas las emprendidas con fines relacionados con el empleo) está en una tendencia ascendente significativa desde la década de 1990 en la mayoría de los países de la OCDE y en muchos países de la UE. La tendencia ascendente puede atribuirse en parte al creciente interés de los empleadores (sectores privado, público y no gubernamental) por invertir en educación de adultos debido a sus importantes beneficios. A medida que crece la inversión de los empleadores, quién obtiene el apoyo de los empleadores para participar en educación de adultos se convierte en una importante cuestión de investigación y también en una importante cuestión política, particularmente porque la desigualdad en la participación puede exacerbar desigualdades sociales de diversos tipos. El propósito de este artículo es explorar si la tendencia a una mayor participación en la educación de adultos apoyada por los empleadores está exacerbando o mitigando el efecto Mateo en diferentes países. El artículo proporciona estimaciones del cambio en las probabilidades de participación en educación de adultos apoyada por el empleador según diversas características individuales, sociodemográficas y relacionadas con el trabajo asociadas con los adultos entre el período 1994-1998 y 2013. Los resultados del análisis de datos, basado en el Programa para la Evaluación Internacional de las Competencias de los Adultos (PIAAC) de la OCDE, de 2013, y la Encuesta Internacional sobre Alfabetización de Adultos (IALS), de 1994-1998, sugieren que el crecimiento de la educación de adultos apoyada por los empleadores puede estar desempeñando un papel en la mitigación de la desigualdad en la participación. Las diferencias reducidas a lo largo del tiempo en las probabilidades de participación entre categorías de contraste asociadas con diversas características individuales, sociodemográficas y relacionadas con el trabajo (por ejemplo, mujeres en comparación con hombres, menor nivel educativo en comparación con mayor nivel educativo, etc.) se interpretan como una reducción de las desigualdades en la probabilidad de participación asociada con esas categorías de contraste. Se justifica realizar más investigaciones sobre conjuntos de datos adicionales y actualizados para explorar la tendencia de si el creciente apoyo de los empleadores a la educación de adultos está exacerbando o mitigando la desigualdad en la participación en educación de adultos en diferentes países.

Abstract Over the span of 20-30 years, evidence suggests that participation in adult education (inclusive of undertaking for job-related purposes) is on a significant upward trend since the 1990s in most OECD and many EU countries. The upward trend may be attributed partly to the increasing interest by employers (private, public, and non-governmental sectors) to invest in adult education due to its substantial benefits. As employer investment grows, who gets employer support to participate in adult education thus becomes an important research and policy question, particularly since inequality in participation may exacerbate social inequalities of various kinds. The purpose of this article is to explore whether the trend of increased participation in employer-supported adult education is exacerbating or mitigating the Matthew effect across different countries. It provides estimates of the change in probabilities of participation in employer supported adult education by various individual, socio - demographic, and job-related characteristics associated with adults between the period of 1994-1998 and 2013. Results of the data analysis based on the 2013 OECD Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC) and the 1994-1998 International Adult Literacy Survey (IALS) suggest that the growth of employer-supported adult education may be playing a role in mitigating inequality in participation. Reduced differences over time in the probabilities of participation between contrast categories associated with various individual, socio-demographic, and job-related characteristics (e. g. women compared to men, lowest educated compared to highest educated, etc.) are interpreted as reduced inequalities in the probability of participation associated with those contrast categories. Further research on additional and updated datasets is warranted to explore the trend of whether growing employer support for adult education is exacerbating or mitigating inequality in adult education participation in different countries.

Resumo Os dados referentes aos últimos 20-30 anos indiciam que a participação em educação de adultos (incluindo a participação motivada por razões de ordem profissional) tem observado, desde a década de 1990, uma tendência de crescimento significativo na maior parte dos países da OCDE, e em muitos países da UE. Esta tendência de crescimento pode ser atribuída, em parte, ao crescente interesse dos empregadores (dos setores privado, público e não governamental) em investir em educação dos adultos, em razão dos benefícios substanciais que esta aporta. À medida que cresce o investimento dos empregadores, a questão sobre quem recebe os apoios que por estes são providenciados para participar em educação de adultos torna-se relevante, quer do ponto de vista da investigação, quer do ponto de vista político, em especial porque a desigualdade na participação pode intensificar vários outros tipos de desigualdades. O propósito deste artigo é investigar se a tendência crescente para a participação em educação de adultos suportada pelos empregadores está a exacerbar ou a mitigar o efeito Mateus em diferentes países. O artigo providencia estimativas das mudanças nas probabilidades de participação em educação de adultos suportada pelos empregadores, de acordo com diversas características individuais, sociodemográficas e laborais dos adultos participantes, entre o período de 1994-1998 e 2013. Os resultados da análise, que se baseia em dados do Programa Internacional para a Avaliação das Competências dos Adultos (PIAAC), estudo da OCDE de 2013, e em dados do Inquérito Internacional à Literacia dos Adultos (IALS), de 1994-1988, sugerem que o crescimento da educação de adultos suportada pelos empregadores pode estar a desempenhar um papel na mitigação da desigualdade na participação. A redução ao longo do tempo das diferenças na probabilidade de participação de categorias sociais contrastantes associadas a várias características individuais, sociodemográficas e laborais (por exemplo, mulheres comparadas com homens, pessoas com os mais baixos níveis de escolaridade comparadas com pessoas com os mais elevados níveis de escolaridade) é interpretada como uma redução das desigualdades na probabilidade de participação associada a essas categorias. Investigação adicional recorrendo a bases de dados novas e atualizadas é, entretanto, necessária para explorar se a tendência para o crescimento do apoio dos empregadores à educação de adultos está a exacerbar ou, por outro lado, a mitigar a desigualdade na participação de adultos em atividades educativas em diferentes países.

Abstract Objective: To demonstrate that positive predictive values (PPVs) for suspicious (category 4) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings that have been stratified are equivalent to those stipulated in the American College of Radiology Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) for mammography and ultrasound. Materials and Methods: This retrospective analysis of electronic medical records generated between January 4, 2016 and December 29, 2021 provided 365 patients in which 419 suspicious (BI-RADS category 4) findings were subcategorized as BI-RADS 4A, 4B or 4C. Malignant and nonmalignant outcomes were determined by pathologic analyses, follow-up, or both. For each subcategory, the level 2 PPV (PPV2) was calculated and tested for equivalence/noninferiority against the established benchmarks. Results: Of the 419 findings evaluated, 168 (40.1%) were categorized as malignant and 251 (59.9%) were categorized as nonmalignant. The PPV2 for subcategory 4A was 14.2% (95% CI: 9.3–20.4%), whereas it was 41.2% (95% CI: 32.8–49.9%) for subcategory 4B and 77.2% (95% CI: 68.4–84.5%) for subcategory 4C. Multivariate analysis showed a significantly different cancer yield for each subcategory (p < 0.001). Conclusion: We found that stratification of suspicious findings by MRI criteria is feasible, and malignancy probabilities for sub-categories 4B and 4C are equivalent to the values established for the other imaging methods in the BI-RADS. Nevertheless, low suspicion (4A) findings might show slightly higher malignancy rates. Objective PPVs (PPVs 4 (MRI BIRADS BI RADS ultrasound Methods 201 29 202 36 41 A B C analyses followup, followup follow up, up follow-up both (PPV2 equivalencenoninferiority equivalence noninferiority benchmarks Results evaluated 16 40.1% 401 40 1 (40.1% 25 59.9% 599 59 9 (59.9% 142 14 14.2 95% 95 (95 CI 9.3–20.4%, 93204 9.3–20.4% , 3 20 9.3–20.4%) 412 41.2 32.8–49.9% 328499 32 8 49 772 77 77.2 68.4–84.5% 684845 68 84 5 p 0.001. 0001 0.001 . 0 001 0.001) Conclusion feasible subcategories sub categories BIRADS. RADS. Nevertheless (4A rates (PPV 40.1 (40.1 59.9 (59.9 14. (9 9320 9.3–20.4 41. 32.8–49.9 32849 7 77. 68.4–84.5 68484 6 000 0.00 00 40. (40. 59. (59. ( 932 9.3–20. 32.8–49. 3284 68.4–84. 6848 0.0 (40 (59 93 9.3–20 32.8–49 328 68.4–84 684 0. (4 (5 9.3–2 32.8–4 68.4–8 9.3– 32.8– 68.4– 9.3 32.8 68.4 9. 32. 68.

Resumo Objetivo: Demonstrar que os valores preditivos positivos (VPPs) para lesões suspeitas (categoria 4) identificadas por ressonância magnética (RM) são equivalentes aos estipulados no ACR BI-RADS para mamografia e ultrassonografia. Materiais e Métodos: Análise retrospectiva de dados em prontuário eletrônico, entre 4 de janeiro de 2016 e 29 de dezembro de 2021, resultou em 365 pacientes elegíveis, com 419 lesões classificadas como BI-RADS 4A, 4B ou 4C. Desfechos malignos e não malignos foram determinados por estudo patológico e/ou acompanhamento. Realizamos o cálculo do VPP nível 2 (VPP2) para cada subcategoria e testamos para não inferioridade/equivalência em relação aos valores de referência. Resultados: Dos 419 achados, 168 (40,1%) foram malignos e 251 (59,9%), não malignos. O VPP2 para subcategoria 4A foi 14,2% (IC 95%: 9,3–20,4%), para 4B foi 41,2% (IC 95%:, 32,8–49,9%) e para 4C foi 77,2% (IC 95%: 68,4–84,5%). Análise multivariada demonstrou diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre as subcategorias (p < 0,001). Conclusão: A estratificação de achados suspeitos por RM é factível, sendo que a probabilidade de malignidade das subcategorias 4B e 4C é equivalente à estabelecida para outros métodos de imagem pelo BI-RADS. Contudo, lesões de baixa suspeição (4A) podem apresentar taxas mais altas de malignidade. Objetivo VPPs (VPPs categoria (RM BIRADS BI RADS ultrassonografia Métodos eletrônico 201 2021 36 elegíveis 41 B C eou acompanhamento (VPP2 inferioridadeequivalência inferioridade equivalência referência Resultados 16 40,1% 401 40 1 (40,1% 25 59,9%, 599 59,9% , 59 9 (59,9%) 142 14 14,2 IC 95% 95 9,3–20,4%, 93204 9,3–20,4% 3 20 9,3–20,4%) 412 41,2 95%, 32,8–49,9% 328499 32 8 49 772 77 77,2 68,4–84,5%. 684845 68,4–84,5% . 68 84 5 68,4–84,5%) p 0,001. 0001 0,001 0 001 0,001) Conclusão factível BIRADS. RADS. Contudo (4A 202 (VPP 40,1 (40,1 59,9 (59,9% 14, 9320 9,3–20,4 41, 32,8–49,9 32849 7 77, 68484 68,4–84,5 6 000 0,00 00 40, (40, 59, (59,9 932 9,3–20, 32,8–49, 3284 6848 68,4–84, 0,0 (40 (59, 93 9,3–20 32,8–49 328 684 68,4–84 0, (4 (59 9,3–2 32,8–4 68,4–8 ( (5 9,3– 32,8– 68,4– 9,3 32,8 68,4 9, 32, 68,