Abstract Despite the implementation of preventive care services in the workplace, resistance persists among female survivors of female survivors of intimate partner violence (VAW) to seek help. In this context, a study was conducted with the aim of determining the prevalence of VAW and the factors associated with the intention to seek help among these workers. The study employed a quantitative approach with a descriptive-correlational design and was conducted with a sample of 142 female employees from a bank in La Paz, Bolivia, which has developed initiatives to prevent VAW. The findings revealed that 45.1% of the workers had experienced some form of violence from their partners or ex-partners throughout their relationships. Additionally, factors directly related to the intention to seek help were identified, such as attitudes that disapprove of self-sufficiency in resolving these cases (rs = .390; p < .05) and a state of complacency that minimizes the importance of addressing the problem (rs = .369; p < .05). It is concluded that, beyond sociodemographic factors, erroneous beliefs limit the intention to seek help through available support channels within the organization or other specialized centers.

Resumen A pesar de la implementación de servicios de atención preventiva en el lugar de trabajo, persiste la resistencia entre las trabajadoras sobrevivientes de violencia contra las mujeres (VcM) en relaciones de pareja a buscar ayuda. En este contexto, se realizó una investigación con el objetivo de determinar la prevalencia de VcM y los factores relacionados con la intención de buscar ayuda entre estas trabajadoras. El enfoque del estudio es cuantitativo con un diseño descriptivo-correlacional, y se realizó en una muestra de 142 funcionarias de un banco en La Paz, Bolivia que ha desarrollado iniciativas para prevenir la VcM. Los hallazgos revelaron que el 45,1 % de las trabajadoras había experimentado algún tipo de violencia por parte de sus parejas o exparejas a lo largo de su relación. Además, se identificaron factores relacionados de forma directa con la intención de buscar ayuda, tales como las actitudes que desaprueban la autosuficiencia en la resolución de estos casos (rs = .390; p<0.05) y un estado de conformismo que minimiza la importancia de afrontar el problema (rs= .369; p<0.05). Se concluye que, más allá de los factores sociodemográficos, son las creencias erróneas las que limitan la intención de buscar ayuda en los canales de atención disponibles dentro de la organización o en otros centros especializados.

Abstract This study investigates the thermal behavior of three lithium-ion battery configurations under thermal runaway conditions, focusing on cooling systems based on air, water, and phase change materials (PCM). The analysis was conducted using sixteen cylindrical 18650 cells, each with a capacity of 2.15 Ah. The battery arrangements include Geometry 1, characterized by an irregular rhomboid shape, and Geometry 2, which adopts an irregular octagonal shape. Numerical simulations were carried out using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) tools in ANSYS Fluent, employing a thermal abuse model rooted in a multidimensional, multiscale approach, and incorporating the empirical Newman-Tiedemann-Gauthier-Kim (NTGK) model. Transient simulations were performed under forced and natural convection scenarios to capture dynamic thermal behavior. The findings reveal that natural air cooling fails to prevent thermal runaway under the studied conditions. In contrast, water and PCM-based cooling systems effectively mitigate thermal runaway risks. Furthermore, forced convection with air and water significantly enhances thermal management and successfully prevents thermal runaway.

Resumen En este estudio se evalúa el comportamiento térmico ante condiciones de fuga térmica de tres arreglos de celdas de iones de litio con distintos sistemas de enfriamiento: aire, agua y material de cambio de fase (PCM). Se utilizaron 16 celdas cilíndricas de tipo 18650 con una capacidad de 2.15 Ah. La geometría 1 tiene una forma de rombo irregular, mientras que las geometrías 2 y 3 tienen una forma de un octágono irregular. Se implementaron simulaciones numéricas CFD empleando el software ANSYS Fluent mediante la aplicación del modelo de abuso térmico basado en un enfoque multidimensional multiescala y el modelo empírico NTGK. Se ejecutaron simulaciones transientes considerando convección forzada y natural. Los resultados muestran que, para las condiciones dadas en el estudio, el enfriamiento natural por aire no previene la fuga térmica, mientras que el agua y PCM sí la previenen, al igual que la convección forzada con aire y agua.

Abstract Introduction: In recent years, several working-class neighborhoods in the City of Buenos Aires have experienced a specific policing strategy, which includes, among other elements, the deployment of federal military forces. Objective: This article examines the role of the Neighbourhood Prevention Units of the Argentine National Gendarmerie in two working-class neighborhoods of Buenos Aires during the mobility restrictions imposed between May 2020 and June 2021 to mitigate the spread of COVID-19. Methodology: Utilizing a quantitative approach based on the statistical analysis of police incident records, this study aims to describe the impact of proximity policing deployments in highly socially vulnerable contexts and to account for the transformations in policing practices brought about by the public health emergency. Conclusions: The findings reveal that law enforcement officers experienced an increased workload due to population control and public health enforcement responsibilities in the context of the pandemic. Additionally, the study describes practices associated with conflict resolution and addressing social demands and issues, which extend beyond crime suppression and the social control of marginalized populations, a type of work that became particularly prominent during the pandemic.

Resumen Introducción: algunos barrios populares de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires tienen desde hace unos años un policiamiento específico que incluye, entre otras cosas, el despliegue de fuerzas federales de carácter militar. Objetivo: este artículo examina el papel de las Unidades de Prevención Barrial de la Gendarmería Nacional Argentina en dos barrios populares de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires durante las restricciones de movilidad impuestas entre mayo de 2020 y junio de 2021 para mitigar la propagación del COVID-19. Metodología: a través de una metodología cuantitativa basada en el análisis estadístico de registros de incidencias policiales, buscamos describir el impacto de los despliegues policiales de proximidad en contextos de alta vulnerabilidad social y dar cuenta de las transformaciones en las prácticas policiales impuestas a raíz de la emergencia sanitaria. Conclusiones: el estudio muestra, en relación con la pandemia, una sobrecarga de trabajo de los efectivos vinculada a tareas de control poblacional y sanitaria. Por otro lado, se describen un conjunto de prácticas vinculadas a la resolución de conflictos y atención de demandas y problemáticas sociales que desbordan el accionar vinculado a la represión de delitos penales y el control social de poblaciones subalternas, un trabajo que fue especialmente visibilizado durante la pandemia.

ABSTRACT: The dentistry career of the Universidad de La Frontera since its inception, has stood out for its emphasis on public health and prevention, experiencing several adjustments in its curriculum and identifying as main axes in the training in Dentistry: the Mention in Prevention and the Updating of National Standards in higher education. On the other hand, from the year 2023 to date, the career is in the fourth process of self-evaluation, awaiting the visit of peer evaluators and also in a process of Curricular Redesign from 2021 to the present, which is in advanced stages; both processes are aligned with the Educational Model of the UFRO. In relation to the various high impact methodologies, the career has implemented some of these in its various curricular lines, such as inverted classroom, problem-based learning, learning plus service and simulation, integrating theory and practice in the learning processes of the students of the career. In short, the importance of continually updating teaching methods and content in order to remain at the forefront of dental education is emphasized.

RESUMEN: La carrera de Odontología de la Universidad de La Frontera desde su inicio, ha destacado por su énfasis en la salud pública y la prevención, experimentando diversos ajustes en su Plan de Estudios e identificándose como ejes principales en la formación en Odontología: la Mención en Prevención y la Actualización de los Estándares nacionales en educación superior. Por otro lado, desde el año 2023 a la fecha, la carrera se encuentra en el cuarto proceso de autoevaluación, a la espera de la visita de los pares evaluadores y, además, en un proceso de Rediseño Curricular desde el año 2021 a la actualidad, el que se encuentra en etapas avanzadas; ambos procesos están alineados con el Modelo Educativo de la UFRO. En relación a las diversas metodologías de alto impacto, la carrera ha implementado algunas de estas en sus diversas líneas curriculares, tales como, aula invertida, aprendizaje basado en problemas, aprendizaje más servicio y simulación, integrando la teoría y práctica en los procesos de aprendizaje del estudiantado de la carrera. En definitiva, se destaca la importancia de actualizar continuamente los métodos y contenidos de enseñanza para mantenerse a la vanguardia en la formación odontológica.

ABSTRACT: Maxillofacial trauma is one of the fields of surgical activity in our specialty and constitutes a relevant problem in highly complex hospitals, the presence of our specialists being essential within an interdisciplinary team for the resolution of this type of pathology. An adequate management and early treatment is essential from the moment the patient is admitted, without leaving aside the sequelae and the subsequent rehabilitation work for the work and daily reinsertion of the patients. The purpose of this work is to present the experience of the Maxillofacial Surgery team of the Rancagua Hospital in the surgical resolution of 320 maxillofacial fractures with a retrospective review of 5 years. A study was carried out with analysis of the surgical protocols of patients operated on for maxillofacial trauma, in the central pavilion, under general anesthesia, in a period of 5 years. The variables analyzed were diagnosis, age, sex, compromised facial third, type of fracture, approaches used, and type of rigid internal fixation. 368 surgical procedures were performed. The average age of the operated patients was 36 years, with a predominance of the male sex (80.4 %), the middle third was the most affected (49.1 %) followed by fractures of the lower third of the face (35.5 %). It is necessary to develop epidemiological investigations of these pathologies in order to obtain demographic conclusions and contribute to unifying diagnostic and treatment criteria, thus establishing efficient prevention and treatment policies in relation to each service and as a whole at the public health level.

RESUMEN: El trauma maxilofacial es uno de los campos de actividad quirúrgica en nuestra especialidad y constituye un problema relevante en hospitales de alta complejidad, siendo esencial la presencia de nuestros especialistas dentro de un equipo interdisciplinario para la resolución de este tipo de patología. Un manejo adecuado y un tratamiento temprano son esenciales desde el momento en que el paciente es admitido, sin dejar de lado las secuelas y el posterior trabajo de rehabilitación para la reinserción laboral y diaria de los pacientes. El propósito de este trabajo es presentar la experiencia del equipo de Cirugía Maxilofacial del Hospital Dr. Franco Ravera Zunino en la resolución quirúrgica de 320 fracturas maxilofaciales con una revisión retrospectiva de 5 años. Se realizó un estudio con análisis de los protocolos quirúrgicos de pacientes operados por trauma maxilofacial, en pabellón central, bajo anestesia general, en un período de 5 años. Las variables analizadas fueron diagnóstico, edad, sexo, tercio facial comprometido, tipo de fractura, enfoques utilizados y tipo de fijación interna rígida. Se realizaron 368 procedimientos quirúrgicos. La edad promedio de los pacientes operados fue de 36 años, con predominio del sexo masculino (80,4 %), el tercio medio fue el más afectado (49,1 %) seguido de las fracturas del tercio inferior de la cara (35,5 %). Es necesario desarrollar investigaciones epidemiológicas de estas patologías para obtener conclusiones demográficas y contribuir a la unificación de criterios diagnósticos y de tratamiento, estableciendo así políticas eficientes de prevención y tratamiento en relación a cada servicio y en conjunto a nivel de salud pública.

Resumo Introdução: Nova estratégia de terapia de indução com dose única de 3 mg/kg de globulina antitimócitos de coelho (r-ATG) mostrou menor incidência de rejeição aguda. Métodos: O objetivo foi utilizar dados do mundo real para determinar a razão de custo-efetividade incremental (RCEI) da indução com r-ATG para prevenção da rejeição aguda (RA) no primeiro ano pós-transplante renal e para sobrevida do enxerto renal em 1, 4 e 10 anos pós-transplante, sob a perspectiva do sistema nacional de saúde pública. Desenvolveu-se um modelo de transição de estado de Markov utilizando dados do mundo real extraídos de faturas médicas de um único centro. A população do estudo consistiu em adultos com baixo risco imunológico submetidos ao primeiro transplante, recebendo rins de doadores vivos ou falecidos. A intervenção de indução com r-ATG foi comparada à não-indução. Os desfechos clínicos considerados para essa análise foram rejeição aguda, infecção/doença por citomegalovírus, óbito, perda do enxerto e retransplante. Resultados: Análise de custo-efetividade no primeiro ano revelou que o grupo r-ATG foi mais custo-efetivo, com RCEI de US$ 399,96 por episódio de RA evitado, ganho de efetividade de 0,01 ano na sobrevida do enxerto e custo incremental total de US$ 147,50. As análises de 4 e 10 anos revelaram ganho de efetividade de 0,06 e 0,16 anos na sobrevida do enxerto no grupo de indução com r-ATG e custo incremental total de US$ −321,68 e US$ −2.440,62, respectivamente. Conclusão: A dose única de 3 mg/kg de r-ATG é custo-efetiva na prevenção de episódios de RA e dominante no longo prazo do transplante, conferindo ganho de sobrevida. Introdução mgkg mg kg rATG r ATG (r-ATG Métodos custoefetividade (RCEI (RA póstransplante pós transplante 1 póstransplante, pública Desenvolveuse Desenvolveu se centro falecidos nãoindução. nãoindução não indução. não-indução infecçãodoença infecção doença citomegalovírus óbito retransplante Resultados custoefetivo, custoefetivo efetivo, efetivo custo-efetivo US 39996 399 96 399,9 evitado 001 0 01 0,0 14750 147 50 147,50 006 06 016 16 0,1 32168 321 68 −321,6 244062 2 440 62 −2.440,62 respectivamente Conclusão custoefetiva efetiva 3999 39 9 399, 00 0, 1475 14 5 147,5 3216 32 6 −321, 24406 44 −2.440,6 147, −321 2440 −2.440, −32 244 −2.440 −3 24 −2.44 − −2.4 −2. −2

Abstract Background: A new induction therapy strategy of a single 3 mg/kg dose of rabbit antithymocyte globulin (r-ATG) showed a lower incidence of acute rejection. Methods: The objective of this study was to use real-world data to determine the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of r-ATG induction for the prevention of acute rejection (AR) in the first year following kidney transplantation and for kidney graft survival over 1, 4, and 10 years of post-transplantation from the perspective of the national public healthcare system. A Markov state transition model was developed utilizing real-world data extracted from medical invoices from a single center. The study population consisted of adults at low immunological risk undergoing their initial transplantation and received kidneys from either living or deceased donors. The intervention of r-ATG induction was compared to no induction. The clinical outcomes considered for this analysis were acute rejection, cytomegalovirus infection/disease, death, graft loss, and retransplantation. Results: The cost-effectiveness analysis in the first year revealed that the r-ATG group was more cost-effective, with an ICER of US$ 399.96 per avoided AR episode, an effectiveness gain of 0.01 year in graft survival and a total incremental cost of US$ 147.50. The 4- and 10-year analyses revealed an effectiveness gain of 0.06 and 0.16 years in graft survival in the r-ATG induction group, and a total incremental cost of US$ −321.68 and US$ −2,440.62, respectively. Conclusion: The single 3 mg/kg dose of r-ATG is cost-effective in preventing acute rejection episodes and dominant in the long term of transplantation, conferring survival gain. Background mgkg mg kg rATG r ATG (r-ATG Methods realworld real world costeffectiveness (ICER (AR 1 4 posttransplantation post system center donors infectiondisease infection disease infection/disease death loss retransplantation Results costeffective, costeffective effective, effective US 39996 399 96 399.9 episode 001 0 01 0.0 14750 147 50 147.50 10year 006 06 016 16 0.1 32168 321 68 −321.6 244062 2 440 62 −2,440.62 respectively Conclusion 3999 39 9 399. 00 0. 1475 14 5 147.5 3216 32 6 −321. 24406 44 −2,440.6 147. −321 2440 −2,440. −32 244 −2,440 −3 24 −2,44 − −2,4 −2, −2

RESUMO O período gestacional é caracterizado por alterações fisiológicas que acarretam desfechos que evoluem negativamente. A pandemia de covid-19 teve altas taxas de óbito em mulheres no mundo. Este estudo objetivou analisar as repercussões da pandemia de covid-19 no perfil epidemiológico da Mortalidade Materna. Trata-se de um estudo transversal comparativo entre os períodos anterior (2018-2019) e inicial da pandemia de covid-19 (2020-2021). Os dados foram coletados da base da Secretaria de Estado de Saúde do Mato Grosso do Sul e analisados no R-Studio. Foram analisadas 118 mortes maternas. 51 ocorreram entre 2018-2019 e 67 entre 2020-2021. A razão de Mortalidade Materna passou de 57,97 para 80,25. Anos Potenciais de Vida Perdidos aumentaram de 1774,41 para 2237,34. Puérperas tiveram elevadas taxas de mortalidade. A doença respiratória teve razão de prevalência de 2,18 (IC=1,34-3,52) para o período de 2020-2021, quando comparado com 2018-2019. Os resultados evidenciam a vulnerabilidade das mulheres no ciclo gravídico puerperal às doenças com alto contágio e com virulência elevada, como a covid-19. A ampliação de acesso ocasiona prevenção de óbitos evitáveis, que desencadeiam repercussões sociais e econômicas negativas para toda a população.

ABSTRACT The gestational period is characterized by physiological changes that lead to outcomes that evolve negatively. The COVID-19 pandemic had high death rates in women worldwide. This study aimed to analyze the repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic on the epidemiological profile of maternal mortality. This is a cross-sectional study comparing the previous (2018-2019) and initial periods of the COVID-19 pandemic (2020-2021). Data were collected from the base of the Mato Grosso do Sul State Health Secretariat and analyzed in R-Studio. 118 maternal deaths were analyzed. 51 occurred between 2018-2019 and 67 between 2020-2021. The Maternal Mortality ratio increased from. 57.97 to 80.25. Potential Years of Life Lost increased from 1774.41 to 2237.34. Postpartum women had high mortality rates. Respiratory disease had a prevalence ratio of 2.18 (CI=1.34-3.52) for the 2020-2021 period, when compared to 2018-2019. The results show the vulnerability of women in the puerperal pregnancy cycle to diseases with high contagion and high virulence, such as COVID-19. The expansion of access leads to the prevention of avoidable deaths, which trigger negative social and economic repercussions for the entire population.

RESUMEN El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la relación entre la presencia de rotavirus y factores como la estacionalidad, la variabilidad climática y el cambio climático mediante el uso de redes bayesianas. Para ello, se recopiló información histórica sobre la incidencia de rotavirus en diferentes regiones, así como datos climáticos relevantes, incluyendo temperatura, precipitación y humedad. La metodología empleada consistió en la construcción de un modelo de red bayesiana que integró estas variables, permitiendo analizar sus interacciones y su impacto en la transmisión del virus. Los resultados alcanzados indicaron que la incidencia de rotavirus presentó una clara estacionalidad, con picos durante los meses más cálidos y lluviosos. Además, se observó que la variabilidad climática influía en la frecuencia de los brotes, sugiriendo que cambios en las condiciones climáticas podrían alterar la dinámica de la enfermedad. El modelo también señaló que las proyecciones de cambio climático podrían aumentar la incidencia de rotavirus en ciertas regiones, lo que resalta la necesidad de monitorear estos factores de manera continua. En conclusión, los hallazgos del estudio subrayan la importancia de considerar las interacciones entre el clima y la salud pública en la planificación de estrategias de prevención y control del rotavirus. La aplicación de redes bayesianas no solo permitió una mejor comprensión de estos factores, sino que también proporcionó una herramienta valiosa para anticipar futuros brotes, contribuyendo así a la protección de la salud infantil.

ABSTRACT The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between the presence of rotavirus and factors such as seasonality, climate variability and climate change using Bayesian networks. To do so, historical information on the incidence of rotavirus in different regions was collected, as well as relevant climate data, including temperature, precipitation and humidity. The methodology used consisted of building a Bayesian network model that integrated these variables, allowing the analysis of their interactions and their impact on the transmission of the virus. The results obtained indicated that the incidence of rotavirus showed a clear seasonality, with peaks during the warmer and rainier months. In addition, it was observed that climate variability influenced the frequency of outbreaks, suggesting that changes in climate conditions could alter the dynamics of the disease. The model also indicated that climate change projections could increase the incidence of rotavirus in certain regions, highlighting the need to monitor these factors continuously. In conclusion, the findings of the study underline the importance of considering interactions between climate and public health in planning rotavirus prevention and control strategies. The application of Bayesian networks not only allowed a better understanding of these factors, but also provided a valuable tool to anticipate future outbreaks, thus contributing to the protection of children's health.

BACKGROUND: Medication non-adherence is a significant public health concern and is prevalent among mental healthcare users. Approximately 65% of patients with severe mental illness do not adhere to their prescribed medication. Medication nonadherence may worsen mental illness and result in poorer clinical outcomes, including frequent relapses and rehospitalisation rates, as well as long time to remission, which may contribute to increased cost of care. AIM: We explored perspectives regarding reasons for medication non-adherence among readmitted psychiatric patients SETTING: Weskoppies Psychiatric Hospital, Pretoria, South Africa. METHODS: We adopted the social constructivism paradigm for this exploratory qualitative study. Purposive sampling was used to select 15 re-admitted patients, who were nonadherent to their medication. Data were collected through individual semi-structured interviews. The interviews were audio recorded and transcribed. The data were thematically analysed, using the principles of grounded theory. RESULTS: Substance abuse, a lack of family support and poor health literacy were the most common reasons for non-adherence to medication. Other reasons included medication side effects, healthcare system drawbacks and a lack of finances to access healthcare. Some patients did not adhere to their medication because they believed that their mental illnesses were spiritual in origin CONCLUSION: Multiple factors contributed to patients not adhering to their medication, ultimately resulting in their relapse and readmission. Clinicians should be cognisant of these factors when trying to prevent relapse and readmission. CONTRIBUTION: Clinicians also ought to identify patients who are at risk of not adhering to medication. Targeted interventions should be established for tackling medication non-adherence.

BACKGROUND: A steady growth in the use of medication for the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been evident over the past few decades. While growth attests to increased awareness of ADHD and improved access to diagnosis and treatment, concerns have been raised about poor adherence to treatment and diversion of medication. AIM: This current study explored the seasonal and/or temporal use of methylphenidate (MPH) in South Africa. SETTING: The study was conducted in South Africa. METHODS: A retrospective database analysis was conducted to examine unit sales of MPH over a 9-year period. The unit sales of MPH were compared to those of atomoxetine for the same period. RESULTS: Unit sales for MPH peaked in May and October, which coincided with the academic high-pressure periods for school learners and university students. This was most evident for MPH immediate release 10 mg. There was a noticeable decrease in unit sales for MPH during December. Atomoxetine demonstrated much less seasonal variation. CONCLUSION: The seasonal and/or temporal use of MPH fluctuates following the academic calendar. These changes are driven by both temporary interruptions of treatment, such as 'drug holidays', and the misuse and diversion of MPH for non-medical use. This holds significant implications for interventions to improve ADHD outcomes. It is crucial to balance accessibility to treatment with the prevention of misuse of MPH. CONTRIBUTION: Our findings highlight the need to reconsider current policies and regulations regarding the appropriate diagnosis and management of ADHD and the scripting, dispensing and monitoring of MPH.

Abstract Prophylaxis based on antiretrovirals, such as pre-exposure prophylaxis to HIV (PrEP), has the potential to protect the populations most vulnerable to infection, which renews optimism for controlling the HIV epidemic. Against this backdrop, the aim of this article is to analyze the perceptions, negotiations and tensions surrounding the use of PrEP by men who have sex with men (MSM). This is a qualitative cross-section of a multicenter study, analyzing semi-structured interviews with 18 users of specialized HIV/AIDS healthcare facilities in the city of São Paulo/SP. The findings show that negotiating the use of PrEP among MSM involves looking for partners in which different sexual scenarios and the use of alcohol or drugs take place. Users gave PrEP the sense of facilitating the negotiation about the (non-)use of condoms and the (re)definition of care and prevention in different sexual-affective partnerships. The research broadens the debate on subjective aspects involving HIV prevention among MSM, especially with respect to its management in situations of negotiation involving other prevention strategies.

Resumo As profilaxias baseadas no uso de antirretrovirais, como a profilaxia pré-exposição sexual ao HIV (PrEP), têm o potencial de proteger as populações mais vulneráveis à infecção, o que renova o otimismo para controle da epidemia de HIV. Nesse cenário, o objetivo do artigo é analisar as percepções, negociações e tensões do uso de PrEP, no âmbito da prevenção combinada, em homens que fazem sexo com homens (HSH). Trata-se de um recorte qualitativo de estudo multicêntrico, com análise de entrevistas semiestruturadas com 18 usuários de serviços especializados em HIV/Aids da cidade de São Paulo-SP. Os achados apontam que a negociação do uso de PrEP entre os HSH perpassa situações de procura de parcerias, em que se desenrolam diferentes cenas sexuais e o uso de álcool ou drogas. Os usuários conferiram à PrEP o sentido de facilitador da negociação sobre o (não) uso do preservativo e a (re)significação do cuidado e da prevenção em diferentes parcerias afetivo sexuais. A pesquisa amplia o debate sobre aspectos subjetivos envolvendo a prevenção do HIV entre HSH, especialmente no que concerne ao seu gerenciamento em situações de negociações envolvendo as outras estratégias de prevenção.

Resumen La profilaxis basada en el uso de antirretrovirales, como la profilaxis de preexposición sexual (PrEP) al VIH, tiene el potencial de proteger a las poblaciones más vulnerables a la infección, lo que renueva el optimismo para controlar la epidemia del VIH. En este escenario, este artículo tuvo como objetivo analizar las percepciones, negociaciones y tensiones del uso de la PrEP, en el ámbito de la prevención combinada, para hombres que tienen sexo con hombres (HSH). Se trata de un recorte cualitativo de un estudio multicéntrico, con análisis de entrevistas semiestructuradas con 18 usuarios de servicios especializados en VIH/SIDA en São Paulo, Brasil. Los hallazgos indican que la negociación del uso de PrEP entre HSH involucra situaciones de búsqueda de parejas, en las que ocurren diferentes escenas sexuales y el uso de alcohol o drogas. Los usuarios atribuyeron a la PrEP el significado de facilitar la negociación sobre el (no) uso del preservativo y la (re)significación del cuidado y la prevención en las diferentes relaciones afectivo-sexuales. La investigación amplía el debate sobre aspectos subjetivos que involucran la prevención del VIH entre HSH, especialmente en lo que respecta a su manejo en situaciones de negociación que involucran otras estrategias de prevención.

ABSTRACT High soybean grain yield is based on adequate crop management, mainly on disease prevention and control, especially Asian soybean rust (ASR), which causes great crop damage. This study aimed to evaluate the ASR chemical control with different fungicide mixtures in three soybean-producing areas in Brazil during two consecutive crop seasons. Four fungicide treatments [T1: benzovindyflupyr + picoxystrobin, T2: benzovindyflupyr + azoxystrobin, T3: fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin, and T4: inpyrfluxam + tebuconazole] were evaluated with five replications. Phytotoxicity damage, ASR disease severity, plant defoliation, 1,000-grain weight, and grain yield were evaluated. The results were relatively consistent among all regions and between the crop seasons, indicating that the treatments have similar responses when applied in diverse conditions. The T3 and T4 treatments presented higher phytotoxicity, lower disease severity, lower plant defoliation, and higher 1,000-grain weight and grain yield. The presence and damage caused by ASR tend to increase after the second soybean crop season in the same area, suggesting a loss of efficiency of the evaluated fungicides.

Abstract This article presents an application for failure probability in long-pipeline gas systems through the development of trend curves over time for the attributes of corrosion wear, which are related to the length, width, and depth of the defect. In addition, Risk-Based Inspection (RBI) is applied in the most favorable numerical failure values according to the location of the defect, with the aim of analyzing the structural reliability and the expected useful life of the gas pipeline. To do this, it was necessary to use the data provided by pig readings in 2008, 2012 and 2018 by an instrumented pig, type Magnetic Flux Leakage (MFL), inspecting a gas pipeline with the finality to measure wall thickness. The 56 km long and 18 in diameter pipeline is partly onshore and partly offshore. Also, the pipeline anomalies are standardized according to the standards established in POF (2016). It is important to emphasize that the methodology described in this article can be used in the industry where the prevention of leakage incidents, the predictability of maintenance, and the elaboration of the respective inspection plans are required, since it has been theoretically possible to calculate the probability of failure in time beyond the respective impact on risk for the operational variables presented.