Abstract Introduction/objective: In this cross-sectional study, the connections between indicators of subjective happiness, hope, and resilience were investigated in 591 adult Paraguayans (average age 37.7 years; SD = 11.35) during the COVID-19 post-pandemic period, using network analysis for the first time. Method: The indicators of subjective happiness, hope, and resilience were assessed using the Subjective Happiness Scale, the Adult Hope Scale, and the 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, respectively. Result: The results indicated that “Enjoy life in spite of it all,” “Pursuing goals,” and “Coping with stress” were the most central indicators of the resilience, hope, and subjective happiness network. While stronger conditional relationships were observed between indicators of the same network variable, potential bridge indicators were also noted that could link resilience, hope, and subjective happiness, such as “I am a strong person,” “Enjoy life in spite of it all,” “Pursuing goals,” and “I have been successful in life.” Conclusions: The results suggest that timely and multilevel interventions targeted at central and bridge indicators can help promote positive emotions that impact mental health.

Resumen Introducción/objetivo: En este estudio transversal se investigaron las conexiones entre los indicadores de felicidad subjetiva, esperanza y resiliencia en 591 paraguayos adultos (edad promedio 37.7 años; DE = 11.35) en el período pospandemia del COVID-19 utilizando análisis de redes por primera vez. Método: Los indicadores de felicidad subjetiva, esperanza y resiliencia se evaluaron utilizando la Escala de Felicidad Subjetiva, la Escala de Esperanza del Adulto y la Escala de Resiliencia de Connor-Davidson de 10 ítems, respectivamente. Resultados: Los resultados indicaron que “Disfrutar la vida a pesar de todo”, “Perseguir metas” y “Afrontar el estrés” fueron los indicadores más centrales de la red de resiliencia, esperanza y felicidad subjetiva. Si bien se observaron relaciones condicionales más fuertes entre indicadores de la misma variable de red, también se observaron posibles indicadores puente que podrían vincular la resiliencia, la esperanza y la felicidad subjetiva, como “Soy una persona fuerte”, “Disfruta la vida a pesar de todo”, “Persiguiendo metas” y “He tenido éxito en la vida”. Conclusiones: Los resultados sugieren que las intervenciones oportunas y multinivel dirigidas a indicadores centrales y puente pueden ayudar a promover emociones positivas que impacten la salud mental.

Resumen Introducción : El objetivo del estudio fue describir la prevalencia del reporte de síndrome post-COVID-19 y sus características según género, profesión y otros determinantes sociales, en personal de salud. Métodos : Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal en profesionales de salud con antecedentes de COVID-19 en América Latina, y para este análisis se seleccionaron las 2030 respuestas de Argentina. Se recolectaron datos sociodemográficos, información sobre el curso inicial de la enfermedad COVID-19, y persistencia de 21 síntomas más allá del primer mes, su gravedad, evolución clínica y requerimiento de servicios de salud. Resultados : Se identificó que la prevalencia reportada de síndrome post-COVID-19 fue mayor en mujeres para cada uno de los grupos de síntomas explorados. La gravedad del cuadro inicial, el género femenino, la profesión de enfermería, el multiempleo y trabajar en áreas de emergencia fueron variables independientes. Discusión : La mayor sobrecarga del personal de salud durante la pandemia -altamente feminizado- y las determinaciones de género asociadas podrían explicar parcialmente estos hallazgos.

Abstract Introduction : This study aimed to describe the reported prevalence of post-COVID-19 syndrome and its characteristics by gender, profession, and other determinants among health care workers. Methods : A cross-sectional study was conducted among health workers with a history of COVID-19 in Latin America, and the 2030 responses from Argentina were selected for this analysis. Sociodemographic information, as well as data on initial course of COVID-19, and the persistence of 21 symptoms beyond the first month, their severity, clinical evolution, and health care demands were collected. Results : The reported prevalence of post-COVID-19 syndrome was higher in women for each of the symptom clusters studied. Severity of the initial symptoms, female gender, nursing profession, multi-employment, and working in emergency areas were all independent variables. Discussion : The greater strain of health care workers during the pandemic -highly feminized- and the associated gender conditions may partially explain these findings.

Resumen Introducción : El objetivo del estudio fue describir la prevalencia del reporte de síndrome post-COVID-19 y sus características según género, profesión y otros de terminantes sociales, en personal de salud. Métodos : Se realizó un estudio de corte transver sal en profesionales de salud con antecedentes de COVID-19 en América Latina, y para este análisis se seleccionaron las 2030 respuestas de Argentina. Se recolectaron datos sociodemográficos, información sobre el curso inicial de la enfermedad COVID-19, y persistencia de 21 síntomas más allá del primer mes, su gravedad, evolución clínica y requerimiento de ser vicios de salud. Resultados : Se identificó que la prevalencia re portada de síndrome post-COVID-19 fue mayor en mujeres para cada uno de los grupos de síntomas explorados. La gravedad del cuadro inicial, el género femenino, la profesión de enfermería, el multiempleo y trabajar en áreas de emergencia fueron variables independientes. Discusión : La mayor sobrecarga del personal de sa lud durante la pandemia -altamente feminizado- y las determinaciones de género asociadas podrían explicar parcialmente estos hallazgos.

Abstract Introduction : This study aimed to describe the re ported prevalence of post-COVID-19 syndrome and its characteristics by gender, profession, and other deter minants among health care workers. Methods : A cross-sectional study was conducted among health workers with a history of COVID-19 in Latin America, and the 2030 responses from Argentina were selected for this analysis. Sociodemographic infor mation, as well as data on initial course of COVID-19, and the persistence of 21 symptoms beyond the first month, their severity, clinical evolution, and health care demands were collected. Results : The reported prevalence of post-COVID-19 syndrome was higher in women for each of the symptom clusters studied. Severity of the initial symptoms, female gender, nursing profession, multi-employment, and work ing in emergency areas were all independent variables. Discussion : The greater strain of health care workers during the pandemic -highly feminized- and the as sociated gender conditions may partially explain these findings.

Abstract The use and prescription of medicinal plants and herbal medicines within the Family Health Strategy faces new and old challenges in the post-pandemic COVID-19 context. Globally, the biomedical model has strengthened as the main guiding paradigm of care. In Brazil, the increase in poverty and the disinvestment in health policies have compounded the phenomenon of misinformation. This article discusses how the availability of herbal medicine and other integrative and complementary practices have been affected in this context, based on data from two studies conducted prior to the pandemic. The first, carried out with healthcare professionals in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro, identifies conflicts between professional categories in the use and prescription of these treatments. The second, an ethnographic approach, describes how popular groups have been claiming the recognition of knowledge about medicinal plants as intangible cultural heritage. In order to avoid categorizing these practices as health misinformation, it is necessary to understand their traditional use in local contexts. postpandemic post pandemic COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 context Globally care Brazil misinformation first Janeiro treatments second approach heritage contexts COVID1 1 COVID-

Resumo O uso e prescrição de plantas medicinais e fitoterápicos na Estratégia Saúde da Família enfrenta novos e velhos desafios no contexto pós-pandemia de Covid-19. No mundo, o modelo biomédico se fortaleceu como principal paradigma orientador do cuidado. No Brasil, o aumento da pobreza e o desinvestimento em políticas de saúde se somaram ao fenômeno da desinformação. O artigo discute como a oferta de fitoterapia e outras práticas integrativas e complementares foram afetadas nesse contexto a partir de dados de duas pesquisas anteriores à pandemia. A primeira, realizada com profissionais de saúde no município do Rio de Janeiro, identifica os conflitos entre categorias profissionais no uso e prescrição. A segunda, uma abordagem etnográfica, descreve como grupos populares têm reivindicado o reconhecimento de saberes sobre plantas medicinais como patrimônio cultural imaterial. A fim de evitar a categorização dessas práticas como desinformação em saúde, é necessário compreender o uso tradicional em contextos locais. póspandemia pós pandemia Covid19. Covid19 Covid 19. 19 Covid-19 mundo cuidado Brasil primeira Janeiro segunda etnográfica imaterial locais Covid1 1 Covid-1 Covid-

RESUMO A pandemia de covid-19 trouxe inúmeras mudanças aos territórios sustentáveis e saudáveis, implicando a necessidade de reorganização de estruturas sociais e de saúde. Objetivou-se compreender a dinâmica das feiras livres de vendas de alimentos no período pós-pandêmico de covid-19 em cidades do Maciço de Baturité, no Ceará, e avaliar as estratégias sanitárias e/ou de biossegurança utilizadas no enfrentamento da covid-19 por feirantes e consumidores. Realizou-se um estudo qualitativo entre outubro de 2021 e janeiro de 2023, em cinco cidades do Ceará. Em uma primeira etapa, foi realizada a observação das condições sanitárias e de biossegurança nas feiras livres, mediante um instrumento estruturado em quatro categorias. Em seguida, consumidores e feirantes foram entrevistados para o aprofundamento de discussões sobre os reflexos da pandemia sobre as feiras. Avaliaram-se as feiras de cinco cidades e entrevistaram-se 44 pessoas. Quatro cidades mostraram-se com condições sanitárias precárias e comprometimento da biossegurança e comercialização de alimentos. Feirantes e consumidores tiveram uma baixa percepção de risco sobre a covid-19 e levantaram a necessidade da perpetuação das feiras livres para a qualidade de vida e economia da região. As feiras livres são territórios sociais e econômicos sustentáveis, que ainda carecem de atenção por gestores e profissionais de saúde. covid19 covid 19 covid-1 saudáveis saúde Objetivouse Objetivou se póspandêmico pós pandêmico Baturité Ceará eou ou Realizouse Realizou 202 2023 etapa categorias seguida Avaliaramse Avaliaram entrevistaramse entrevistaram 4 pessoas mostraramse mostraram região covid1 1 covid- 20 2

ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic has brought countless changes to sustainable and healthy territories, implying the need to reorganize social and health structures. The aim was to understand the dynamics of open-air food sales markets in the post-COVID-19 pandemic period in cities in the Maciço de Baturité, in Ceará, Brazil, and to evaluate the health and/or biosafety strategies used by marketers and consumers to deal with covid-19. A qualitative study was carried out between October 2021 and January 2023, in five cities in the state of Ceará. In the first stage, the sanitary and biosafety conditions at the street markets were observed using an instrument structured into four categories. Then, consumers and stallholders were interviewed to deepen discussions about the impact of the pandemic on the markets. We evaluated fairs in five cities and interviewed 44 people. Four cities were found to have precarious sanitary conditions and compromised biosafety in the sale of food. Marketers and consumers had a low-risk perception regarding COVID-19 and raised the need to perpetuate open-air markets for the region’s quality of life and economy. Free markets are sustainable social and economic territories, which still require attention from managers and health professionals. COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 territories structures openair open air postCOVID19 postCOVID post post-COVID-1 Baturité Ceará Brazil andor or covid19. covid19 covid 19. covid-19 202 2023 stage categories Then 4 people lowrisk low risk regions region s economy professionals COVID1 1 COVID- postCOVID1 post-COVID- covid1 covid-1 20 post-COVID covid- 2

BACKGROUND. South Africa (SA) has committed to eliminating malaria by 2028. However, the initial target was set for 2023. Additionally, the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and the emergence of drug and insecticide resistance have been identified as potential stumbling blocks in the achievement of this goal. The impact of COVID-19 on the prevalence and distribution of malaria in SA is unclear. OBJECTIVE. To describe the trends and distribution of malaria before and during the pandemic and its associated lockdown strategies in one of the country's malaria-endemic provinces, Mpumalanga Province. METHOD. A descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional study was conducted using Mpumalanga provincial malaria case data extracted from the provincial District Health Information System 2. The impact of COVID-19 on the prevalence and distribution of malaria was assessed in Mpumalanga Province between 2017 and 2022 using descriptive trend analysis. Malaria cases before (2017 - 2019) and post-COVID-19 (2020 - 2022) were cross-tabulated using Stata version 17. We used χ² tests to test for significant differences, set at p<0.05. RESULTS. During the study period, 25 380 malaria cases were reported, with the majority men (61%) >26 years old, with reported international travel, primarily to Mozambique. Limpopo Province (93%) accounted for most of the locally imported cases. Headaches and fever were the most common symptoms before and post COVID-19, while asymptomatic malaria carriage was higher during and post COVID (p<0.05). Prior to the pandemic reporting of the preferred treatment for uncomplicated malaria, Coartem use was at 53%, declining to 21% thereafter. Although COVID-19-related restrictions on human movement greatly reduced the malaria burden in Mpumalanga Province, the high-risk group (young mobile men) remained unchanged over the study period. Of concern were the marked reduction in the reporting of Coartem doses administered and the increased prevalence of asymptomatic carriage since 2020. The importation of malaria poses one of the biggest challenges to malaria elimination in Mpumalanga Province. CONCLUSION. This study highlighted the impact of COVID-19 and its related lockdown restrictions on the delivery of malaria health services in Mpumalanga Province. If malaria elimination is to be achieved, all aspects of the malaria programme must be strengthened urgently. Additionally, the health system and cross-border collaborations must also be strengthened.

The study is aimed at better understanding responsiveness of contact universities to technology-assisted education Post-Covid-19 pandemic. The suggestion is that a strong relationship exists between positive technology application in teaching and disciplines acceptance of technology. Without disciplines acceptance of technology, its application in teaching poses a challenge. When compelled, force majeure, to rely on technology to save an academic year, contact universities showed resilience. Students' laptops were hastily organised and synchronous online learning ensued. The application of technology in a particular context and this way is called a factor set 1. Two such factors appear in literature as the first factor set which entails synchronous technology-as-utility factor set 1 (FS-1) and asynchronous technology-as-essence factor set 2 (FS-2). There was, however, a need to develop a framework to better understand how technology is applied within the education context. Furthermore, we employed Peer Conversational Interviews with five teachers with less than five years of teaching experience and those possessing more than fifteen years teaching experience. These data were supplemented with data drawn from exploratory descriptive analysis of literature. These data collection efforts were intended to find out whether contact universities applied technology using FS-1 or FS-2 and implications of such decisions in reimagining contact universities beyond Covid-19 pandemic. Results show a strong relationship between disciplines such as IT and Engineering and the positive application of technology in terms of FS-2. They also show that post-pandemic, students are gradually warming to online teaching offerings. There is a need to provide more support to disciplines that show a lackadaisical attitude towards technology application in their areas.

Academics from South African Universities have recently been bound to possess digital skills for curriculum delivery due to the lessons learned from the COVID-19 era. Universities have implemented various interventions to enhance digital skills in academics, which include but are not limited to training workshops, organised webinars, and seminars. Irrespective of these interventions, some academics still lack the digital skills to deliver effective digital curricula. The primary aim of the research is to develop other methods to address the shortage of digital skills among scholars. This research is based on a three-year qualitative interpretive study carried out at a university in South Africa, exploring a scenario where academics share their experiences on utilising digital platforms for teaching and learning following the COVID-19 pandemic. Data was generated purposefully and conveniently by sampling thirty-two academics from the school of education. The methods used for data generation included e-reflective activities, Zoom group discussions, and semi-structured interviews conducted one-on-one via WhatsApp. After thematic analysis, findings show that academics' digital background becomes the barrier to having the necessary digital skills for digital curriculum delivery. Hence, most of them were driven by informal skills for social needs and personal digital skills for individual needs at the expense of formal digital skills for discipline needs. With universities in developing countries still becoming victims of student protests, natural disasters, and other challenges, alternatives are being sought to accommodate the transition from face-to-face to online or hybrid curriculum delivery modes.

Resumen La pandemia del COVID-19 ha presentado desafíos sin precedentes para la educación superior y, en consecuencia, para los docentes universitarios, subrayando la imperativa necesidad de abordar el síndrome de burnout en docentes universitarios, así como desarrollar estrategias específicas para enfrentar los desafíos que plantea la pandemia del COVID-19, requiriendo investigaciones empíricas al respecto. El objetivo de la presente investigación es cuantificar el estado de manifestación y prevalencia del síndrome del desgate profesional en docentes de universidades públicas españolas durante la era pospandemia COVID-19. Se desarrolló bajo una metodología cuantitativa, con un diseño no experimental y enfoque descriptivo de corte transversal, aplicándose un muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia. Los resultados obtenidos evidencian un alto desgaste profesional docente con un 76%, con un agotamiento emocional alto del 72%, un alto grado de despersonalización del 81%, y un bajo grado de realización personal del 78%.

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has posed unprecedented challenges for higher education and, consequently, for university educators. This situation has underscored the critical need to address the burnout syndrome among university teachers and to develop specific strategies to face the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, requiring empirical researches in this regard. The goal of this research is to quantify the state of manifestation and prevalence of professional burnout syndrome among teachers at Spanish public universities during the post-COVID-19 pandemic era. It was developed under a quantitative methodology, with a non-experimental design and cross-sectional descriptive approach, applying non-probabilistic convenience sampling. The results reveal a high rate of professional burnout among educators with 76%, with a high level of emotional exhaustion of 72%, a high degree of depersonalization of 81%, and a low level of personal accomplishment of 78%.

Abstract: Social Network Analysis (SNA) and Smart Tourist Destinations (STDs) are closely interrelated due to the extensive use of goods and services, though the COVID-19 pandemic impacted both STDs and SNA through border closures and a decrease in visitor numbers. Thus, the objective is to calculate the clustering coefficient on the Don Vasco tourist route, which refers to SNA in a context that is taking its first steps towards building an STD. The method used was a Delphi, which involved the application of a semi-structured questionnaire processed with Gephi software. Among the findings, a notable clustering coefficient of 83% among central actors and 90% among tourist operators was observed. It was concluded that the route possesses a solid convex relationship between associations and tourist operators, which remains robust against changes in the tourism industry, thereby contributing to social cohesion.

Resumen: El análisis de redes sociales (ARS) y los destinos turísticos inteligentes (DTI) están estrechamente interrelacionados por la cantidad de bienes y servicios utilizados, aunque con la pandemia Covid-19, los DTI y ARS se vieron afectados por el cierre de fronteras y una disminución en el número de visitantes. Así el objetivo es calcular el coeficiente de agrupación en la ruta turística Don Vasco, que hace referencia al ARS en un entorno que está dando sus primeros pasos hacia la construcción de un DTI. El método usado fue un Delphi, el cual implica la aplicación de un cuestionario semiestructurado que fue procesado con el software Gephi. Entre los resultados obtenidos, destaca un coeficiente de agrupación del 83% entre los actores centrales y un 90% entre los operadores turísticos. Se concluyo que la ruta cuenta con una sólida relación convexa entre las asociaciones y los operadores turísticos, la cual se mantiene robusta frente a los cambios en la industria turística, lo que a su vez contribuye a la cohesión social.

ABSTRACT Obesity is a global Non-Communicable Chronic Disease (NCD) associated with various comorbidities and a high mortality rate. This scenario has increasingly affected the female population, leading to a rise in prevalence and related health issues. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the health-related quality of life of women with overweight or obesity and symptoms of COVID-19 using a multi-professional intervention model. This research was conducted as a parallel group and repeated measures pragmatic trial, in which 28 participants aged between 25 and 65 were allocated into two groups: experimental (intervention group) and control (non-intervention participants). The Body Mass Index (BMI) was (30.5 ± 5.45 kg/m²) in the Experimental Group, and the Control Group was (31 ± 8.2 kg/m2). The 12-Item Health Survey (SF-12) questionnaire was applied to assess the quality of life in the physical and mental domains of COVID-19 survivors with different symptom severities (mild, moderate, severe) compared to the control group. At the end of the program, 28 participants finished the study (15 from the experimental group and 13 from the control group). The results indicated a significant improvement in the mental health domain only in the experimental group after the intervention period (p < 0.05). However, no significant differences in physical health were observed between the experimental and control groups (p > 0.05). Considering these findings, multi-professional actions emerge as a crucial component for enhancing the quality of life, particularly within mental health, during the 16-week intervention period.

RESUMO A obesidade é uma Doença Crônica Não-Transmissível (DCNT) com alcance mundial, associada a diversas comorbidades e alta taxa de mortalidade. Esse quadro tem afetado cada vez mais o público feminino, com aumento da prevalência e doenças correlatas. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde de mulheres com sobrepeso ou obesidade com sintomas da COVID-19 utilizando um modelo de intervenção multiprofissional. Esta pesquisa foi conduzida como um ensaio pragmático de grupos paralelos e medidas repetidas, no qual 28 participantes de idade entre 25 a 65 anos foram distribuídas em dois grupos: experimental (participantes das intervenções) e controle (não participantes das intervenções). No grupo experimental o Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) foi de (30,5 ± 5,45 kg/m²) e no grupo controle, IMC foi de (31 ± 8,2 kg/m²). Utilizou-se o questionário 12-Item Health Survey (SF-12) para analisar a qualidade de vida nos domínios físico e mental das sobreviventes da COVID-19 nas diferentes sintomatologias (COVID leve, moderada e grave) em comparação com o grupo controle (não participantes das intervenções). Ao final do programa, 28 participantes finalizaram o estudo (15 do grupo experimental e 13 do grupo controle). Os resultados indicaram uma melhoria significativa no domínio de saúde mental apenas no grupo experimental após o período de intervenção (p < 0,05). Entretanto, não foram observadas diferenças significativas na saúde física entre o grupo experimental e controle (p > 0,05). Diante dos resultados a reabilitação multiprofissional emerge como componente importante para a melhoria da qualidade de vida, especialmente no âmbito da saúde mental durante as 16 semanas de intervenção.

RESUMEN La obesidad es una Enfermedad Crónica No Transmisible (ECNT) global asociada a diversas comorbilidades y una alta tasa de mortalidad. Este escenario ha afectado cada vez más a la población femenina, lo que ha llevado a un aumento en la prevalencia y problemas de salud relacionados. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud de mujeres con sobrepeso u obesidad y síntomas de COVID-19 mediante un modelo de intervención multiprofesional. Esta investigación se llevó a cabo como un ensayo pragmático de grupos paralelos y medidas repetidas, en el que 48 participantes con edades comprendidas entre 25 y 65 años fueron alocadas en dos grupos: experimental (participantes de la intervención) y control (participantes de la no intervención). En el grupo experimental el Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC) fue de (30,5 ± 5,45 kg/m²). En el grupo control, el IMC fue (31 ± 8,2 kg/m²). Se utilizó el cuestionario de 12-Item Health Survey (SF-12) para evaluar la calidad de vida en los dominios físico y mental de las sobrevivientes de COVID-19 con diferentes grados de gravedad de síntomas (leves, moderados, graves) en comparación con el grupo de control (participantes que no recibieron intervenciones). Al final del programa, 28 participantes terminado el estudio (15 participantes de la intervención y 13 sin intervención). Los resultados indicaron una mejora significativa en el dominio de la salud mental solo en el grupo experimental después del período de intervención (p < 0.05). Sin embargo, no se observaron diferencias significativas en la salud física entre el grupo experimental y el grupo de control (p > 0.05). A la luz de estos hallazgos, la rehabilitación multiprofesional emerge como un componente crucial para mejorar la calidad de vida, especialmente en el ámbito de la salud mental durante el período de intervención de 16 semanas.

RESUMEN Introducción: La COVID-19 se convirtió en un problema de salud multidimensional, que no solo culminó con el diagnóstico y tratamiento de los pacientes y lograr un control de la pandemia, sino fue un poco más allá con consecuencias a nivel orgánico y funcional en los individuos una vez culminada la fase aguda de la enfermedad quedando definidas determinadas condiciones postCOVID-19 que pudieran limitar la aptitud de los trabajadores para la actividad específica que realiza. Objetivo: Identificar características clínico-epidemiológicas y aptitud para el trabajo en trabajadores convalecientes de COVID-19. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal de trabajadores de La Habana atendidos en la consulta multidisciplinaria del Instituto Nacional de Salud de los Trabajadores para convalecientes de COVID-19 durante el periodo de mayo/2021 a septiembre/2022.La población estuvo conformada por 222 trabajadores de diferentes sectores ocupacionales. Resultados: Predominaron los sectores ocupacionales: salud (70,7 %); construcción (8,6 %) y gastronomía y comercio (8,1 %); la forma clínica enfermedad no complicada (mínimamente sintomática) (57,2 %). Los síntomas que persistieron fueron disnea (33,8 %), debilidad en miembros inferiores (31,1 %) artralgias (23 %). La hipertensión arterial (63,5 %), la obesidad (29,1 %) y el asma bronquial (20,2 %) prevalecieron como principales comorbilidades. Aptos para el puesto trabajo, la totalidad de los trabajadores. Conclusiones: La persistencia de los síntomas postCOVID-19 es frecuente. El sexo femenino, la edad de 50 a 59 años y la hipertensión arterial son factores asociados. Se aporta información acertada sobre trabajadores de diferentes sectores ocupacionales en Cuba que padecieron COVID-19 persistente de lo cual no existen antecedentes en el país.

ABSTRACT Introduction: COVID-19 became a multidimensional health problem, which not only culminated in the diagnosis and treatment of patients and achieving control of the pandemic, but went a little further with consequences at an organic and functional level in the patients. individuals once the acute phase of the disease has ended, defining certain post-COVID-19 conditions that could limit the workers' aptitude for the specific activity they carry out. Objective: Identify clinical-epidemiological characteristics and fitness for work in workers convalescing from COVID-19. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out on workers from Havana treated in the multidisciplinary consultation of the National Institute of Workers' Health for convalescents from COVID-19 during the period from May 2021 to September 2022. The population was made up of 222 workers from different occupational sectors. Results: The occupational sectors predominated: health (70.7%); construction (8.6%) and gastronomy and commerce (8.1%); the clinical form uncomplicated disease (minimally symptomatic) (57.2%). The symptoms that persisted were dyspnea (33.8%), weakness in lower limbs (31.1%), and arthralgia (23%). High blood pressure (63.5%), obesity (29.1% and bronchial asthma (20.2%) prevailed as the main comorbidities. All workers were suitable for the job. Conclusions: The persistence of post-COVID-19 symptoms is common. Female sex, age from 50 to 59 years and high blood pressure are associated factors. Accurate information is provided about workers from different occupational sectors in Cuba who suffered from persistent COVID-19, for which there is no history in the country.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Antiretroviral therapy increased the survival and life expectancy of People living With HIV (PWH). Frailty-related syndromes among older PWH (aged 50+ years) may affect their Health-related Quality of Life (HQoL). Additionally, the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted health-related outcomes. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of frailty and pre-frailty among older PWH, and to explore associations of HQoL with the study assessment period and frailty status. Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted pre- (23-Mar-2019 to 5-Mar-2020) and post-COVID-19 pandemic onset (23-Jun-2021 to 5-May-2022), among older PWH at INI-Fiocruz, the largest cohort of PWH in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. We measured frailty using Fried assessment, consisting of five domains: unintentional weight loss; self-reported exhaustion, weakness, slow walking speed, low physical activity. HQoL was assessed using the ACTG SF-21, which contains 21 questions divided into 8 domains. We used Chi-Square test, Fisher’s exact test, Kruskal-Wallis and ranksum test for comparisons. Results: We included 250 older PWH: 109 (43.6 %) pre- and 141 (56.4 %) post-COVID-19 pandemic onset. Median age was 60-years (IQR: 55‒64). Most self-identified as cisgender men 152 (60.8 %), Pardo/Black 146 (58.4 %), with completed secondary education or less 181 (72.7 %) and low income 132 (52.8 %). Overall, prevalence of frailty and pre-frailty were 9.2 % (95 % CI: 8.1‒10.3) and 61.6 % (95 % CI: 54.0‒69.2). Prevalence of frailty in the pre- and pos-COVID-19 pandemic periods were 7.3 % and 10.6 % (p = 0.66). HQoL scores were lower among participants with frailty compared to those with non-frailty and pre-frailty in all eight domains, and among those included in the post-COVID-19 compared to pre-COVID-19 period for four domains. Conclusions: We observed low prevalence of frailty, but high prevalence of pre-frailty among older PWH. Frailty status did not differ according to the COVID-19 assessment period. Assessment of frailty and HQoL should be incorporated in clinical practice for older PWH. Programs to reverse or prevent frailty should be implemented within the public health system. Introduction . (PWH) Frailtyrelated related aged 50 years Healthrelated Health HQoL. (HQoL) Additionally COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 healthrelated outcomes prefrailty pre Methods Crosssectional Cross sectional 23Mar2019 Mar 23 2019 (23-Mar-201 5Mar2020 5 2020 5-Mar-2020 postCOVID19 postCOVID post post-COVID-1 23Jun2021 Jun 2021 (23-Jun-202 5May2022, 5May2022 May 2022 , 5-May-2022) INIFiocruz, INIFiocruz INI Fiocruz, Fiocruz INI-Fiocruz Janeiro Brazil domains loss selfreported self reported exhaustion weakness speed activity SF21, SF21 SF 21, SF-21 2 ChiSquare Chi Square Fishers Fisher s KruskalWallis Kruskal Wallis comparisons Results 25 10 43.6 436 43 6 (43. 14 56.4 564 56 4 (56. 60years 60 IQR (IQR 55‒64. 5564 55‒64 55 64 55‒64) selfidentified identified 15 60.8 608 (60. %, PardoBlack Pardo Black 58.4 584 58 (58. 18 72.7 727 72 7 (72. 13 52.8 528 52 (52. %. Overall 92 9 9. 95 (9 CI 8.1‒10.3 81103 1 3 616 61 61. 54.0‒69.2. 540692 54.0‒69.2 54 0 69 54.0‒69.2) posCOVID19 posCOVID pos pos-COVID-1 73 7. 106 10. p 0.66. 066 0.66 66 0.66) nonfrailty non preCOVID19 preCOVID pre-COVID-1 Conclusions system (PWH (HQoL COVID1 COVID- 23Mar201 201 (23-Mar-20 5Mar202 202 5-Mar-202 postCOVID1 post-COVID- 23Jun202 (23-Jun-20 5May202 5-May-2022 SF2 SF-2 43. (43 56. (56 556 55‒6 60. (60 58. (58 72. (72 52. (52 ( 8.1‒10. 8110 54069 54.0‒69. posCOVID1 pos-COVID- 06 0.6 preCOVID1 pre-COVID- 23Mar20 20 (23-Mar-2 5Mar20 5-Mar-20 post-COVID 23Jun20 (23-Jun-2 5May20 5-May-202 SF- (4 (5 55‒ (6 (7 8.1‒10 811 5406 54.0‒69 pos-COVID 0. pre-COVID 23Mar2 (23-Mar- 5Mar2 5-Mar-2 23Jun2 (23-Jun- 5May2 5-May-20 8.1‒1 81 540 54.0‒6 23Mar (23-Mar 5Mar 5-Mar- 23Jun (23-Jun 5May 5-May-2 8.1‒ 54.0‒ 5-Mar 5-May- 8.1 54.0 5-May 8. 54.

The worst global disaster of the twenty-first century so far, COVID-19, has caused major disruption to people's lives and livelihoods and exposed inequalities within and among countries. Developing countries, particularly in Africa, have been hardest hit as they have had to face unprecedented challenges, with potentially extreme economic, social and sustainable development consequences. Existing challenges were worsened by COVID-19 with significant implications not only for sustainable development, but also for human rights. This article first discusses the relationship between human rights and sustainable development. The discussion then turns to the impact of COVID-19 on sustainable development with a focus on specific and relevant Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and on the protection and enjoyment of human rights in Africa. The article concludes by recommending a human rights-based approach as a clear and compelling direction to sustainable development in Africa in the aftermath of the devastating and unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic.