Abstract Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has had an important impact on the training of nursing professionals, affecting the mental health of students due to the experiences they have faced. Objective: Assess the level of academic stress in nursing students and its relationship to anxiety, depression, insomnia, post-traumatic stress disorder, and experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: Correlational study with 1009 nursing students who agreed to participate. A virtual survey was applied, collecting sociodemographic and COVID-19 Pandemic experiences data, in addition to questionnaires on anxiety, depression, insomnia, and post-traumatic and academic stress, with prior authorization from the research and ethics committee. Statistical analysis such as Square Chi, Spearman's Rho and logistic regression model were used. Results: 68.1 % presented anxiety, 64.3 % depression, 56.3 % insomnia and 85.7 % academic stress. Academic stress showed statistical association with sex, school period, diagnosis in a family member and contact with a person suspected or confirmed of having COVID-19. Presenting academic stress is 3.9 times higher with moderate anxiety, 10.6 times higher with moderate depression, 12.7 times higher with moderate clinical insomnia, 1.8 times higher with a family member diagnosed with the disease, and 2.6 times higher with contact of suspected or confirmed COVID-19 cases. Conclusions: Mental health problems were related to academic stress levels in nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic. The nursing professional must design educational and training strategies to reduce the levels of these problems, applicable from educational training to the workplace.

Abstrato Introdução: A Pandemia do COVID-19 teve um impacto significativo na formação dos profissionais de enfermagem, afetando a saúde mental dos estudantes devido às vivências por eles enfrentadas. Objetivo: Avaliar o nível de estresse acadêmico em estudantes de enfermagem e sua relação com ansiedade, depressão, insônia, transtorno de estresse pós-traumático e experiências durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Metodologia: Estudo correlacional com 1009 graduandos de enfermagem que concordaram em participar. Foi aplicada uma pesquisa virtual, coletando dados sociodemográficos e experiências da Pandemia da COVID-19, além de questionários sobre ansiedade, depressão, insônia e estresse pós-traumático e acadêmico, com autorização prévia do comitê de ética e pesquisa. Foram utilizadas análises estatísticas como Qui-cuadrado, Rho de Spearman e modelo de regressão logística. Resultados: 68.1 % presented anxiety, 64.3 % depression, 56.3 % insomnia and 85.7 % academic stress. Academic stress showed statistical association with sex, school period, diagnosis in a family member and contact with a person suspected or confirmed of having COVID-19. Presenting academic stress is 3.9 times higher with moderate anxiety, 10.6 times higher with moderate depression, 12.7 times higher with moderate clinical insomnia, 1.8 times higher with a family member diagnosed with the disease, and 2.6 times higher with contact of suspected or confirmed COVID-19 cases. Conclusões: Problemas de saúde mental foram relacionados aos níveis de estresse acadêmico em estudantes de enfermagem durante a pandemia de COVID-19. O profissional de enfermagem deve traçar estratégias educacionais e de treinamento para reduzir os níveis desses problemas, aplicáveis desde a formação educacional até o ambiente de trabalho.

Resumen Introducción: La pandemia por COVID-19 ha generado un impacto importante en la formación de profesionales de enfermería, afectando la salud mental en estudiantes debido a las experiencias enfrentadas. Objetivo: Evaluar el nivel de estrés académico en estudiantes de enfermería y su relación con la ansiedad, depresión, insomnio, estrés postraumático y experiencias durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Metodología: Estudio correlacional con 1009 estudiantes matriculados de licenciatura en enfermería que aceptaron participar. Se aplicó encuesta virtual, recolectando datos sociodemográficos y de experiencias durante la pandemia de COVID-19, además de los cuestionarios sobre ansiedad, depresión, insomnio, estrés postraumático y académico, con previa autorización del comité de investigación y ética. El análisis se realizó con Ji cuadrada, Rho de Spearman, y el modelo de regresión logística. Resultados: El 68.1 % presentaron ansiedad, el 64.3 % depresión, el 56.3 % insomnio y el 85.7 % estrés académico. El estrés académico mostró asociación estadística con sexo, periodo académico, diagnóstico en familiar y contacto con persona sospechosa/confirmada de COVID-19. Presentar estrés académico es 3.9 veces mayor con ansiedad moderada, 10.6 veces mayor con depresión moderada, 12.7 veces mayor con insomnio clínico moderado, 1.8 veces mayor con familiar diagnosticado con la enfermedad y 2.6 veces mayor con contacto de casos sospechosos/confirmados de COVID-19. Conclusión: Problemas de salud mental mostraron relación estadística con estrés académico en estudiantes de enfermería durante la pandemia por COVID-19. El profesional de enfermería debe diseñar estrategias educativas y de capacitación para disminuir los niveles de estos problemas, aplicables desde la formación hasta lo laboral.

Abstract: The pandemic period served as a catalyst in the museums' adaptation, leading them to embrace innovation, collaboration, and resilience. As they emerged from the COVID-19 crisis, these institutions found themselves in a unique position to play a vital role in society's rebuilding and in preserving cultural heritage in an ever-changing world. The article aims to explore the main measures adopted, review the scientific literature on the subject, highlight some relevant cases in European, Asian, and American museums, and identify the challenges and dynamics driven in the post-pandemic period. The text stems from a thorough literature review to determine how the museum field should reconfigure its presence, considering three factors: technology, heritage, and audience. A landscape in which the presence of social networks, the rise of online exhibitions, and other digital resources are considered fundamental.

Resumen: El periodo pandémico supuso un catalizador en la adaptación de los museos, llevándolos a abrazar la innovación, la colaboración y la resiliencia. A medida que emergieron de la crisis del covid-19, dichas entidades se encontraron en una posición única para desempeñar un papel vital en la reconstrucción de la sociedad y en la preservación del patrimonio cultural en un mundo en constante cambio. El artículo busca conocer cuáles fueron las principales medidas adoptadas, conocer la literatura científica al respecto, reseñar algunos casos relevantes en museos europeos, asiáticos y americanos, y señalar los retos y las dinámicas impulsadas en el periodo postpandémico. El texto nace de una atenta revisión bibliográfica para delimitar de qué modo el ámbito museístico debe reconfigurar su presencia atendiendo a tres factores: tecnología, patrimonio y público. Un panorama en que la presencia de las redes sociales, el auge de las exposiciones en línea y otros recursos digitales se consideran fundamentales.

Resumen Las desigualdades estructurales sociales y de distinto tipo, intrínsecas al capitalismo, se profundizaron con la pandemia de Covid-19 hasta límites insostenibles para los sectores subalternos, entre los cuales se ubican los conjuntos de migrantes en situación administrativa irregular de los distintos países. A través de un enfoque antropológico transnacional, auxiliado por la etnografía virtual, se aborda el impacto sociosanitario que tuvo la crisis pandémica para estos grupos en Barcelona, São Paulo y Buenos Aires durante 2022-2023, así como sus respuestas grupales-comunitarias para contener y sobrellevar sus necesidades inmediatas y urgentes, más allá de las políticas públicas implementadas en cada país/región/ciudad, con desigual cobertura y eficacia. La realidad abordada, entonces, conjuga esas carencias estructurales que no fueron resueltas como consecuencia de la crisis desatada a partir de la pandemia, con nuevas problemáticas sociosanitarias derivadas de las necesidades de supervivencia de los migrantes en cada contexto, destacándose el protagonismo de las mujeres. tipo capitalismo Covid19 Covid 19 Covid-1 subalternos países transnacional virtual Barcelona 20222023, 20222023 2022 2023, 2023 2022-2023 grupalescomunitarias grupales comunitarias urgentes paísregiónciudad país región ciudad país/región/ciudad eficacia abordada entonces contexto mujeres Covid1 1 Covid- 2022202 202 2022-202 202220 20 2022-20 20222 2 2022-2 2022-

Abstract Social and other structural inequalities, intrinsic to capitalism, deepened with the Covid-19 pandemic up to unsustainable limits for the subaltern sectors, among which are located the groups of migrants in irregular administrative situations from the different countries. Through an anthropological transnational approach, aided by virtual ethnography, is addressed the socio-sanitary impact that the pandemic crisis had for these groups in Barcelona, São Paulo y Buenos Aires for the period 2022-2023, as well as their group-community responses to contain and cope with their immediate and urgent needs, beyond the public policies implemented in each country/region/city, with unequal coverage and effectiveness. The reality addressed, then, combines those structural deficiencies that were not resolved as a result of the crisis unleashed by the pandemic, with new social and health problems arising from the survival needs of migrants in each context, highlighting the leading role played by women. inequalities capitalism Covid19 Covid 19 Covid-1 sectors countries approach ethnography sociosanitary socio sanitary Barcelona 20222023, 20222023 2022 2023, 2023 2022-2023 groupcommunity group community countryregioncity country region city country/region/city effectiveness then context women Covid1 1 Covid- 2022202 202 2022-202 202220 20 2022-20 20222 2 2022-2 2022-

Abstract This article investigates the processes of reconfiguration and perception of childhood vaccination against COVID-19 in Brazil and childcare in the post-pandemic context. Through ethnography in digital environments, we analyze the arguments used to question the vaccine across four platforms (Telegram, Twitter, YouTube, and Instagram). Thus, we seek to understand individuals’ perceptions of the safety and risks of the vaccine, how the reconfiguration of childhood vaccination culture occurs in Brazil, and how this resonates in other instances of social life. We observe that arguments used to reject the vaccine have been employed in previous health emergencies (such as HPV and H1N1), emphasizing a strong appeal for freedom, the preservation of individual rights, and positioning the child as the family’s responsibility, excluding the State from this role. COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 postpandemic post pandemic context environments Telegram, Telegram (Telegram Twitter YouTube Instagram. Instagram . Instagram) Thus individuals life such H1N1, H1N1 HN , H N H1N1) freedom rights familys family s responsibility role COVID1 1 COVID- H1N

Resumo Este artigo investiga os processos de reconfiguração e percepção da vacinação infantil contra Covid-19 no Brasil e o cuidado da criança no pós-pandemia. Por meio da etnografia em ambientes digitais, analisamos os argumentos utilizados para questionar a vacina a partir de quatro campos (Telegram, Twitter, YouTube e Instagram). Com isso, buscamos compreender qual é a percepção dos indivíduos em relação à segurança e os riscos do imunizante, como se dá a reconfiguração da cultura da vacinação infantil no Brasil e como isso acaba reverberando em outras instâncias da vida social. Observamos que os argumentos apresentados pelos indivíduos para negar a vacina já foram utilizados em emergências sanitárias anteriores (como o HPV e a H1N1) e possuem um forte apelo por liberdade e pela manutenção dos direitos individuais, além de colocar a criança como responsabilidade da família, não cabendo esse papel ao Estado. Covid19 Covid 19 Covid-1 póspandemia. póspandemia pós pandemia. pandemia pós-pandemia digitais Telegram, Telegram (Telegram Twitter Instagram. Instagram . Instagram) imunizante social H1N1 HN H N individuais família Estado Covid1 1 Covid- H1N

Resumen Introducción : El objetivo del estudio fue describir la prevalencia del reporte de síndrome post-COVID-19 y sus características según género, profesión y otros determinantes sociales, en personal de salud. Métodos : Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal en profesionales de salud con antecedentes de COVID-19 en América Latina, y para este análisis se seleccionaron las 2030 respuestas de Argentina. Se recolectaron datos sociodemográficos, información sobre el curso inicial de la enfermedad COVID-19, y persistencia de 21 síntomas más allá del primer mes, su gravedad, evolución clínica y requerimiento de servicios de salud. Resultados : Se identificó que la prevalencia reportada de síndrome post-COVID-19 fue mayor en mujeres para cada uno de los grupos de síntomas explorados. La gravedad del cuadro inicial, el género femenino, la profesión de enfermería, el multiempleo y trabajar en áreas de emergencia fueron variables independientes. Discusión : La mayor sobrecarga del personal de salud durante la pandemia -altamente feminizado- y las determinaciones de género asociadas podrían explicar parcialmente estos hallazgos.

Abstract Introduction : This study aimed to describe the reported prevalence of post-COVID-19 syndrome and its characteristics by gender, profession, and other determinants among health care workers. Methods : A cross-sectional study was conducted among health workers with a history of COVID-19 in Latin America, and the 2030 responses from Argentina were selected for this analysis. Sociodemographic information, as well as data on initial course of COVID-19, and the persistence of 21 symptoms beyond the first month, their severity, clinical evolution, and health care demands were collected. Results : The reported prevalence of post-COVID-19 syndrome was higher in women for each of the symptom clusters studied. Severity of the initial symptoms, female gender, nursing profession, multi-employment, and working in emergency areas were all independent variables. Discussion : The greater strain of health care workers during the pandemic -highly feminized- and the associated gender conditions may partially explain these findings.

Resumen Introducción : El objetivo del estudio fue describir la prevalencia del reporte de síndrome post-COVID-19 y sus características según género, profesión y otros de terminantes sociales, en personal de salud. Métodos : Se realizó un estudio de corte transver sal en profesionales de salud con antecedentes de COVID-19 en América Latina, y para este análisis se seleccionaron las 2030 respuestas de Argentina. Se recolectaron datos sociodemográficos, información sobre el curso inicial de la enfermedad COVID-19, y persistencia de 21 síntomas más allá del primer mes, su gravedad, evolución clínica y requerimiento de ser vicios de salud. Resultados : Se identificó que la prevalencia re portada de síndrome post-COVID-19 fue mayor en mujeres para cada uno de los grupos de síntomas explorados. La gravedad del cuadro inicial, el género femenino, la profesión de enfermería, el multiempleo y trabajar en áreas de emergencia fueron variables independientes. Discusión : La mayor sobrecarga del personal de sa lud durante la pandemia -altamente feminizado- y las determinaciones de género asociadas podrían explicar parcialmente estos hallazgos.

Abstract Introduction : This study aimed to describe the re ported prevalence of post-COVID-19 syndrome and its characteristics by gender, profession, and other deter minants among health care workers. Methods : A cross-sectional study was conducted among health workers with a history of COVID-19 in Latin America, and the 2030 responses from Argentina were selected for this analysis. Sociodemographic infor mation, as well as data on initial course of COVID-19, and the persistence of 21 symptoms beyond the first month, their severity, clinical evolution, and health care demands were collected. Results : The reported prevalence of post-COVID-19 syndrome was higher in women for each of the symptom clusters studied. Severity of the initial symptoms, female gender, nursing profession, multi-employment, and work ing in emergency areas were all independent variables. Discussion : The greater strain of health care workers during the pandemic -highly feminized- and the as sociated gender conditions may partially explain these findings.

Abstract The use and prescription of medicinal plants and herbal medicines within the Family Health Strategy faces new and old challenges in the post-pandemic COVID-19 context. Globally, the biomedical model has strengthened as the main guiding paradigm of care. In Brazil, the increase in poverty and the disinvestment in health policies have compounded the phenomenon of misinformation. This article discusses how the availability of herbal medicine and other integrative and complementary practices have been affected in this context, based on data from two studies conducted prior to the pandemic. The first, carried out with healthcare professionals in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro, identifies conflicts between professional categories in the use and prescription of these treatments. The second, an ethnographic approach, describes how popular groups have been claiming the recognition of knowledge about medicinal plants as intangible cultural heritage. In order to avoid categorizing these practices as health misinformation, it is necessary to understand their traditional use in local contexts. postpandemic post pandemic COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 context Globally care Brazil misinformation first Janeiro treatments second approach heritage contexts COVID1 1 COVID-

Resumo O uso e prescrição de plantas medicinais e fitoterápicos na Estratégia Saúde da Família enfrenta novos e velhos desafios no contexto pós-pandemia de Covid-19. No mundo, o modelo biomédico se fortaleceu como principal paradigma orientador do cuidado. No Brasil, o aumento da pobreza e o desinvestimento em políticas de saúde se somaram ao fenômeno da desinformação. O artigo discute como a oferta de fitoterapia e outras práticas integrativas e complementares foram afetadas nesse contexto a partir de dados de duas pesquisas anteriores à pandemia. A primeira, realizada com profissionais de saúde no município do Rio de Janeiro, identifica os conflitos entre categorias profissionais no uso e prescrição. A segunda, uma abordagem etnográfica, descreve como grupos populares têm reivindicado o reconhecimento de saberes sobre plantas medicinais como patrimônio cultural imaterial. A fim de evitar a categorização dessas práticas como desinformação em saúde, é necessário compreender o uso tradicional em contextos locais. póspandemia pós pandemia Covid19. Covid19 Covid 19. 19 Covid-19 mundo cuidado Brasil primeira Janeiro segunda etnográfica imaterial locais Covid1 1 Covid-1 Covid-

RESUMO A pandemia de covid-19 trouxe inúmeras mudanças aos territórios sustentáveis e saudáveis, implicando a necessidade de reorganização de estruturas sociais e de saúde. Objetivou-se compreender a dinâmica das feiras livres de vendas de alimentos no período pós-pandêmico de covid-19 em cidades do Maciço de Baturité, no Ceará, e avaliar as estratégias sanitárias e/ou de biossegurança utilizadas no enfrentamento da covid-19 por feirantes e consumidores. Realizou-se um estudo qualitativo entre outubro de 2021 e janeiro de 2023, em cinco cidades do Ceará. Em uma primeira etapa, foi realizada a observação das condições sanitárias e de biossegurança nas feiras livres, mediante um instrumento estruturado em quatro categorias. Em seguida, consumidores e feirantes foram entrevistados para o aprofundamento de discussões sobre os reflexos da pandemia sobre as feiras. Avaliaram-se as feiras de cinco cidades e entrevistaram-se 44 pessoas. Quatro cidades mostraram-se com condições sanitárias precárias e comprometimento da biossegurança e comercialização de alimentos. Feirantes e consumidores tiveram uma baixa percepção de risco sobre a covid-19 e levantaram a necessidade da perpetuação das feiras livres para a qualidade de vida e economia da região. As feiras livres são territórios sociais e econômicos sustentáveis, que ainda carecem de atenção por gestores e profissionais de saúde. covid19 covid 19 covid-1 saudáveis saúde Objetivouse Objetivou se póspandêmico pós pandêmico Baturité Ceará eou ou Realizouse Realizou 202 2023 etapa categorias seguida Avaliaramse Avaliaram entrevistaramse entrevistaram 4 pessoas mostraramse mostraram região covid1 1 covid- 20 2

ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic has brought countless changes to sustainable and healthy territories, implying the need to reorganize social and health structures. The aim was to understand the dynamics of open-air food sales markets in the post-COVID-19 pandemic period in cities in the Maciço de Baturité, in Ceará, Brazil, and to evaluate the health and/or biosafety strategies used by marketers and consumers to deal with covid-19. A qualitative study was carried out between October 2021 and January 2023, in five cities in the state of Ceará. In the first stage, the sanitary and biosafety conditions at the street markets were observed using an instrument structured into four categories. Then, consumers and stallholders were interviewed to deepen discussions about the impact of the pandemic on the markets. We evaluated fairs in five cities and interviewed 44 people. Four cities were found to have precarious sanitary conditions and compromised biosafety in the sale of food. Marketers and consumers had a low-risk perception regarding COVID-19 and raised the need to perpetuate open-air markets for the region’s quality of life and economy. Free markets are sustainable social and economic territories, which still require attention from managers and health professionals. COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 territories structures openair open air postCOVID19 postCOVID post post-COVID-1 Baturité Ceará Brazil andor or covid19. covid19 covid 19. covid-19 202 2023 stage categories Then 4 people lowrisk low risk regions region s economy professionals COVID1 1 COVID- postCOVID1 post-COVID- covid1 covid-1 20 post-COVID covid- 2

Abstract The context in which the tourism sector is developing in Cuba has been conditioned by a dizzying decline in income, largely associated with the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the post-pandemic effects of Covid-19. This behavior has brought with it the search for alternatives that would bring about imminent solutions. The need to assume new patterns to reach again the competitive position before the pandemic is a challenge for Cuba, which demands transforming changes from science. The objective of this work is to propose a procedure for the design of indicators to determine the competitiveness of the tourist destination Santiago de Cuba. For this purpose, a procedure based on multivariate analysis is proposed, which is carried out through a scientometric study that validates the main sources that support the competitiveness of destinations, as well as its dimensions and pillars. Documentary, statistical and exploratory analysis is also carried out. As main results, three dimensions are obtained, which are disaggregated into five pillars for which eight general indicators are defined. In this sense, it is concluded that the destination is competitive; however, strategies must be designed to guarantee consumer loyalty and attract new segments.

Resumo O contexto em que o setor de turismo está se desenvolvendo em Cuba foi condicionado por uma queda vertiginosa na renda, em grande parte associada à disseminação do vírus SARS-CoV-2 e aos efeitos pós-pandêmicos da Covid-19. Esse comportamento levou à busca de alternativas que ofereçam soluções iminentes. A necessidade de assumir novos padrões para retornar à posição competitiva anterior à pandemia é um desafio para Cuba, que exige mudanças transformadoras baseadas na ciência. O objetivo deste artigo é propor um procedimento para o desenho de indicadores para determinar a competitividade do destino turístico de Santiago de Cuba. Para isso, propõe-se um procedimento baseado em análise multivariada, que é realizado por meio de um estudo cienciométrico que valida as principais fontes que sustentam a competitividade dos destinos, bem como suas dimensões e pilares. Também é realizada uma análise documental, estatística e exploratória. Como principais resultados, são obtidas três dimensões, que se desdobram em cinco pilares para os quais são definidos oito indicadores gerais. Nesse sentido, conclui-se que o destino é competitivo, porém, é necessário traçar estratégias para garantir a fidelidade dos consumidores e atrair novos segmentos.

Resumen El contexto en el que se desarrolla el sector turístico en Cuba ha estado condicionado por una vertiginosa disminución de los ingresos, asociada en gran medida a la propagación del virus SARS-CoV-2 y los efectos postpandemia Covid-19. Este comportamiento ha traído consigo la búsqueda de alternativas que propicien soluciones inminentes. La necesidad de asumir nuevos patrones para volver a alcanzar la posición competitiva previa a la pandemia es un reto para Cuba, lo que demanda cambios transformadores acaecidos desde la ciencia. El objetivo de este trabajo es proponer un procedimiento para el diseño de indicadores que permitan determinar la competitividad del destino turístico Santiago de Cuba. Para ello se propone un procedimiento basado en el análisis multivariante, que se realiza a través de un estudio cienciométrico que valida las principales fuentes que sustentan la competitividad de los destinos, así como sus dimensiones y pilares. Se desarrollan a su vez el análisis documental, estadístico y exploratorio. Como principales resultados se obtienen tres dimensiones que se desagregan en cinco pilares para los cuales se definen ocho indicadores generales. En este sentido se concluye que el destino es competitivo, sin embargo, deben trazarse estrategias que garanticen la fidelización de consumidores y atracción de nuevos segmentos.

Abstract In this article, I analyze relations between houses, economic practices, and temporalities, in the surroundings of the Arena do Grêmio (Grêmio Foot-Ball Porto Alegrense’s stadium), in Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. The imbrication between residential and commercial spaces is a central aspect in the study context, evidenced by the activation of a commercial circuit in houses adjacent to this multi-purpose arena. Present the form in which people analyze different temporal markers enable a way to identify flows, commercial practices and the ways in which pandemic temporalities were experienced. I will situate the analysis in cases that allow us to reflect on how the economic and health consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic were experienced inseparably. Based on ethnography, I demonstrate how different temporalities fostered changes in houses, crossed family experiences and modulated expectations for overcoming crisis, representing the advent of a post-pandemic period. article FootBall Foot Ball Alegrenses Alegrense s stadium, stadium , stadium) Alegre RS Brazil context multipurpose multi purpose arena flows COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 inseparably ethnography crisis postpandemic post period COVID1 1 COVID-

Resumo Neste artigo, analiso um conjunto de relações que entrelaçam casas, práticas econômicas e temporalidades, nos entornos da Arena do Grêmio, estádio de futebol em Porto Alegre. A imbricação entre espaços residenciais e espaços comerciais é um aspecto central no contexto de estudo, evidenciada pela ativação de um circuito comercial em casas nas adjacências dessa arena multiúso. Apresentar a forma pela qual as pessoas analisam diferentes marcadores temporais se traduziu em um caminho para identificar fluxos, práticas comerciais e os modos pelos quais temporalidades pandêmicas foram vivenciadas. Situarei a análise em casos que permitem refletir sobre como as consequências, econômicas e sanitárias, da pandemia de Covid-19 foram vividas indissociavelmente. A partir da etnografia, demonstro como diferentes temporalidades fomentaram mudanças nas casas, atravessaram experiências familiares e modularam expectativas à superação de crises, representando o advento de um período pós-pandêmico. artigo Grêmio Alegre estudo multiúso fluxos vivenciadas consequências sanitárias Covid19 Covid 19 Covid-1 indissociavelmente etnografia crises póspandêmico. póspandêmico pós pandêmico. pandêmico pós-pandêmico Covid1 1 Covid-

ABSTRACT Anxiety refers to a disproportionate fear or worry about the stimulus that generates it. It is a condition that affects people's quality of life and is highly prevalent in the population. This research focused on determining the frequency of anxiety in a sample of the adult population in Paraguay, in the year 2023. The study design was quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional, applied to 225 people, between the months of March to June 2023, through non-probabilistic convenience sampling, where a digital questionnaire with sociodemographic variables and the GAD-7 anxiety instrument was used. The main results were: average age of the participants 24 years ± 9; 55.1% come from Asunción, 32.9% Central and 12% from the interior of the country; 52.4% were women. 25.8% suffer from chronic diseases and 17.8% from mental illness. Regarding general levels, 76% scored in some form of anxiety and 40% in suspected General Anxiety Disorder. A significant association was found between having children, having a job and income and suspicion of general anxiety disorder. It is concluded that anxiety is highly present in the investigated population, and is related to sociodemographic factors.

RESUMEN La ansiedad hace referencia a un temor o preocupación desproporcionados ante el estímulo que lo genera, es una condición que afecta la calidad de vida de las personas y es altamente prevalente en la población. Esta investigación se centró en determinar la frecuencia de la ansiedad en una muestra de la población adulta en Paraguay, en el año 2023. El diseño del estudio fue cuantitativo, descriptivo, de corte transversal, aplicado a 225 personas, entre los meses de marzo a junio del año 2023, mediante un muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia, donde se utilizó un cuestionario digital con variables sociodemográficas y el instrumento GAD-7 de ansiedad. Los resultados principales fueron: edad promedio de los participantes 24 años ± 9; el 55.1% provienen de Asunción, 32.9% Central y 12% para el interior del país; 52.4% fueron mujeres. 25.8% padece enfermedades crónicas y 17.8% refirió padecer enfermedad mental. En cuanto a los niveles generales, el 76% puntuó en alguna forma de ansiedad y 40% en sospecha de trastorno de Ansiedad General. Se encontró asociación significativa entre tener hijos, contar con trabajo, los ingresos económicos y la sospecha de trastorno de ansiedad general. Se concluye que la ansiedad se encuentra altamente presente en la población investigada, y se relaciona con factores sociodemográficos.

Resumo Introdução: A epidemic intelligence (EI) assegura a deteção precoce, a avaliação e a comunicação das ameaças para a saúde pública para definir prioridades e mobilizar recursos para a investigação, vigilância, prevenção e controlo. Em Portugal, a Direção-Geral da Saúde (DGS) é responsável pela EI e publica semanalmente um relatório de ameaças para a saúde pública (RONDA) que é partilhado com a rede de autoridades de saúde, instituições e profissionais de saúde pública. As alterações nas ameaças comunicadas em relatórios periódicos de ameaças desde a COVID-19 não foram descritas anteriormente. Métodos: Comparámos as ameaças reportadas na RONDA entre 2016 a 2022 em três períodos sequenciais: antes da COVID-19 (janeiro de 2016 - março de 2020), P2 durante as restrições (abril de 2020 - fevereiro de 2022) e P3 na fase pós-aguda da COVID-19 (fevereiro de 2022 - setembro de 2022). Comparamos a frequência média mensal de ameaças não COVID-19 relatadas entre todas as ameaças relatadas nesses períodos, considerando diferentes categorias dentro do grupo de doenças, foco geográfico e fontes de informação. Resultados: As ameaças não-COVID-19 tiveram uma diminuição na frequência média mensal de reporte no Período2 (14,7 vs. 2,3 p < 0.001) em comparação com o Período1, antes da COVID-19. Houve um retorno ao padrão pré-pandêmico de notificação no Período 3 (14,67 vs. 17,63 p < 0.208) para ameaças não COVID-19 com um aumento nas doenças virais emergentes (2,20 vs. 7,62 p < 0.001). O ECDC e a OMS são as fontes de informação mais frequentes, seguidas das fontes nacionais de saúde pública. Conclusões: Durante a COVID-19, houve alterações no reporte de ameaças em Portugal. A COVID-19 possivelmente afetou a EI e os relatórios de ameaças epidémicas globais, possivelmente desviando a atenção e os recursos de outras ameaças para a pandemia. No entanto, a quantidade de ameaças que justificam o acompanhamento e a comunicação pode estar a aumentar. É necessária investigação em comunicação de ameaças detetadas no âmbito da EI a fim de assegurar que todas as ameaças relevantes são avaliadas e comunicadas de acordo com os objetivos da EI, garantindo simultaneamente o investimento em recursos e a preparação para a prevenção e resposta.

Abstract Background: Epidemic intelligence (EI) ensures early detection, assessment, and communication of public health threats. Threat reporting defines priorities and mobilize resources for surveillance, prevention, and control. In Portugal, the Directorate-General of Health (DGS) is responsible for EI and publishes a weekly public health threat report (RONDA). Changes in threats in regular threat reports since COVID-19 have not been previously described. We analysed changes in non-COVID threat reporting in the weekly threat report. Methods: Using the DGS Emergency Operations Centre’s threat reporting database, we compared threats reported in RONDAs from 2016 to 2022 in three sequential periods: P1 before COVID-19 (January 2016-March 2020), P2 during acute COVID-19 restrictions (April 2020-February 2022), and P3 in post-acute COVID-19 phase (February 2022-September 2022). We described the monthly average frequency of reports on non-COVID-19 threats in those periods considering different disease groups, geographical focus, and information sources. We estimated expected non-COVID-19 reports on threats using a forecast model fitted to the time series until March 2020 and compared observed and expected values. Results: Non-COVID-19 threats had a decrease in the monthly average frequency of reporting in period 2 (14,7 vs. 2,3 p < 0.001) compared to period 1. Using the forecast methods, there were 114 fewer non-COVID threats than the 162 expected (−70%) in period 2. In period 3, there were 105 more threats than expected (+256%). The ECDC and the WHO were the most frequent sources of information followed by national Public Health sources. Conclusions: During COVID-19, there was a decrease in reports on non-COVID threats in Portugal. COVID-19 possibly affected global EI, by shifting attention and resources from other threats to the pandemic. However, the number of threats that warrant follow-up and communication is increasing. Further research is necessary to inform the EI research and development agenda, to ensure that all relevant threats are detected, accessed, and communicated according to evolving EI objectives and priorities while resources and preparedness are guaranteed.

Abstract Introduction: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic was a challenge for health authorities, both for health care systems, hospitals and health professionals. Objective: To describe emergency surgery in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Material and methods: Retrospective, descriptive, observational study of patients with surgical pathologies in the Emergency Department from August to November 2020. Results: In 385 patients, with an average age of 50 years, the most frequent reason for consultation was pain in the epigastrium (21.3%), followed by yellowing of the skin and mucous membranes (18.7%) and rectal bleeding (16.8%). The evolution time averages 3 days. A total of 151 (39%) surgical interventions were performed, of which the most frequent were cholecystectomy (46.3%) and appendectomy (18.5%), 11 percutaneous treatments (2.8%) and 24 (6.2%) endoscopic treatments; 199 (51.7%) patients were treated conservatively. Among the post-surgical complications, surgical site infection was most frequently found in 38.4% and intra-abdominal collection in 37%. Of all patients received and admitted to the service, 32 (8.31%) were COVID-19 positive and during their hospital stay, 4 (12.5%) presented complications that included postoperative hemorrhage in two patients, mesenteric ischemia on one occasion and septic shock at pulmonary baseline. We had 1.2% of deaths. Conclusions: The average age of the patients was 50 years. The most frequent reason for consultation was epigastrium pain. Cholecystectomy was the most common surgery and the most common complication was surgical site infection. 1.2% deaths were recorded.

Resumen Introducción: La pandemia por SARS-CoV-2, constituyó un reto para las autoridades sanitarias, tanto para los sistemas de atención médica, hospitales y profesionales de la salud. Objetivo: Describir los cuadros quirúrgicos de urgencias, en la pandemia SARS-CoV-2. Material y método: Estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo, observacional de pacientes portadores de patologías quirúrgicas del servicio de Emergencias en los meses de agosto a noviembre 2020. Resultados: n 385 pacientes, con edad promedio de 50 años, el motivo de consulta más frecuente fue el dolor en epigastrio (21,3%), seguido de coloración amarillenta de piel y mucosas (18,7%) y rectorragia (16,8%). El tiempo de evolución en promedio de 3 días. Se realizaron 151 (39%) intervenciones quirúrgicas, de las cuales la más frecuentes fueron la colecistectomía (46,3%) y la apendicectomía (18,5%), 11 tratamientos percutáneos (2,8%) y 24 (6,2%) tratamientos endoscópicos; 199 (51,7%) pacientes se trataron de manera conservadora. Entre las complicaciones post quirúrgicas se constató con mayor frecuencia infección del sitio quirúrgico en un 38,4% y la colección intraabdominal 37%. De todos los pacientes recibidos e internados en el servicio 32 (8,31%) resultaron ser COVID-19 positivo y durante su estancia hospitalaria, presentaron complicaciones 4 (12,5%) que incluyeron hemorragia postquirúrgica en dos pacientes, isquemia mesentérica en una oportunidad y shock séptico a punto de partida pulmonar. Tuvimos 1,3% de óbitos. Conclusiones: La edad promedio de los pacientes fue de 50 años. El motivo de consulta más frecuente fue el dolor epigástrico. La colecistectomía fue la cirugía más frecuente y la complicación más común fue la infección del sitio quirúrgico. Se registraron 1,2% de óbitos. Palabras claves: Pandemia. Urgencias Quirúrgicas. SARS-CoV-2.

Abstract In an increasingly dynamic and complex world, the professional figure of teachers who show commitment to their work acquires fundamental importance in quality education. In this sense, this research aims to analyze burnout syndrome as a predictor of work commitment in teachers of private universities in the city of Chiclayo, Peru, in a context of mitigation of the COVID-19 pandemic. This is an empirical study of cross-sectional predictive design. The final sample included 100 undergraduate teachers, of both sexes, whose ages ranged from 35 to 60 years (M=46.63; SD=9.90). The instruments applied were the Burnout Syndrome Scale version for teachers and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, virtualized in Google Forms. The data collected were subjected to simple regression analysis, also reporting effect size indices and statistical power, to ensure greater scope and precision in the results. Low levels of burnout syndrome and high levels of work engagement were reported; moreover, burnout syndrome negatively and significantly predicted work engagement and its dimensions of vigor and dedication; not so for absorption. Therefore, the reported findings suggest that burnout syndrome can predict work engagement and its factors, except for absorption, in teachers of private universities in Chiclayo. The limitations and practical implications of the study are discussed.

Resumen En un mundo cada vez más dinámico y complejo, la figura profesional docente que muestra compromiso con su quehacer adquiere fundamental importancia en una educación de calidad. En ese sentido, esta investigación tiene como objetivo analizar el síndrome del quemado como predictor del compromiso laboral en docentes de universidades privadas de la ciudad de Chiclayo, Perú, en un contexto de mitigación de la pandemia por COVID- 19. Se trata de un estudio empírico de diseño predictivo transversal. La muestra final incluyó 100 docentes de pregrado, de ambos sexos, cuyas edades oscilaban entre los 35 y 60 años (M=46.63; DE=9.90). Los instrumentos aplicados fueron la Escala de Síndrome de Burnout versión para docentes y la Escala Utrecht de Engagement Laboral, virtualizados en Google Forms. Los datos recopilados se sometieron a análisis de regresión simple, reportando también índices de tamaño de efecto y potencia estadística, para garantizar un mayor alcance y precisión en los resultados. Se reportaron niveles bajos de síndrome del quemado y altos de compromiso laboral, además, el síndrome del quemado predijo de manera negativa y significativa el compromiso laboral y sus dimensiones de vigor y dedicación; no así para absorción. Por tanto, lo reportado sugiere que el síndrome del quemado puede predecir al compromiso laboral y sus factores, salvo la absorción, en docentes de universidades privadas de Chiclayo. Se discuten las limitaciones e implicancias prácticas del estudio.

Abstract Astronomer Edwin Hubble discovered that galaxies are constantly moving away from each other. In Argentina, educational differences between public and private schools are also permanently increasing. This qualitative study is based on interviews with teachers and principals of primary schools about the use of technology post-pandemic. Significant differences were found between educational sectors, marked by students’ socioeconomic situation. While private institutions adopted and maintained recent technologies, public ones discontinued their use, confirming the digital divide during the pandemic and increasing inter-sector educational segregation.

Resumen El astrónomo Edwin Hubble descubrió que las galaxias se alejan constantemente entre sí. En Argentina, las diferencias educativas entre escuelas públicas y privadas también aumentan permanentemente. Este estudio cualitativo se basa en entrevistas con docentes y directivos de escuelas primarias sobre el uso de tecnología pospandemia. Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre sectores educativos, marcadas por la situación socioeconómica de sus estudiantes. Mientras que las privadas adoptaron y mantuvieron tecnologías recientes, las públicas discontinuaron su uso, confirmando la brecha digital durante la pandemia y aumentando la segregación educativa intersectorial.