Abstract The article we present arises from research that studies the changes that occurred at the University, from the point of view of the students, regarding the teaching methodologies used by the professors. The year 2020 is the starting point of a new way of relating, because as a consequence of the confinement caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, social and work activity changed, and although it was temporary, it had its consequences that may have remained. Thus, in the different social environments, face-to-face activities began to be carried out remotely. At the University of Extremadura, this research team, as teachers, asked themselves what was happening in teaching, and above all, which of these changes remained with us. To do this, the opinions of the students of the University of Extremadura on the changes in teaching methodologies during confinement due to COVID-19 have been analyzed. The research method that has been used is the qualitative study of the answers given by the students to the open questions of the questionnaire validated by this research team. The results obtained indicate that the changes made in teaching methodologies during the COVID-19 pandemic are NOT perceived positively by students in their teaching/learning process. Consequently, it can be concluded that there is no manifestly clear unanimity among students regarding the positive and negative aspects obtained from this experience on the changes in teaching methodologies caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Resúmen El artículo que presentamos surge de la investigación que estudia los cambios que ocurrieron en la Universidad, desde el punto de vista de los alumnos, respecto a las metodologías docentes utilizadas por los profesores. El año 2020 es el punto de partida de una nueva forma de relacionarse, pues como consecuencia del confinamiento provocado por la pandemia COVID-19, la actividad social y laboral cambió, y aunque fue de forma temporal, tuvo sus consecuencias que puede que hayan permanecido. Así, en los distintos ambientes sociales, las actividades presenciales pasaron a realizarse de forma remota. En la Universidad de Extremadura, este equipo de investigación, como docentes, se preguntó qué estaba ocurriendo en la docencia, y sobre todo, cuáles de estos cambios se quedaron entre nosotros. Para ello, se han analizado las opiniones de los alumnos de la Universidad de Extremadura sobre los cambios en las metodologías docentes durante el confinamiento debido al COVID-19. El método de investigación que se ha utilizado es el estudio cualitativo de las respuestas dadas por los alumnos a las preguntas abiertas del cuestionario validado por este equipo de investigación. Los resultados obtenidos indican que los cambios realizados en las metodologías docentes durante la pandemia de COVID-19 NO son percibidos positivamente por los alumnos en su proceso de enseñanza/aprendizaje. En consecuencia, se puede concluir que no hay una unanimidad manifiestamente clara, entre los alumnos con respecto a los aspectos positivos y negativos, obtenida de esta experiencia sobre los cambios en las metodologías docentes causados por la pandemia del COVID-19.

Zusammenfassung: Ziel dieser quantitativen Studie ist es, die Korrelation zwischen den L2-Lernstrategien von Deutschlernenden und der Beherrschung der Nebensatzsyntax bei deutschen Verben festzustellen. Zur Messung der Lernstrategien wurde die Version 7 des Oxford SILL (Oxford, 2003) verwendet. Die Forced-Choice-Tests von Catasso (2004) wurden verwendet, um die Kenntnisse der Nebensatzsyntax zu beurteilen. Die Probanden an dieser Studie waren 55 Schüler einer deutschen Schule Chiles. Die mit R durchgeführte Analyse zeigt, dass die am häufigsten verwendete Lernstrategie die Kompensationsstrategien waren. Die Daten zeigten, dass keine statistisch signifikante positive Korrelation zwischen häufiger Lernstrategieanwendung und besserer Beherrschung der Verbstellung besteht. Es besteht jedoch eine statistisch signifikante negative Korrelation zwischen dem Einsatz metakognitiver Strategien und der Beherrschung der Nebensatzsyntax bei männlichen Lernenden. Die persönlichen Variablen beim Sprachenlernen könnten positive Auswirkungen haben. In Zukunft wäre es sinnvoll, diese Art von Korrelationsstudien auf andere Aspekte des deutschen Spracherwerbs wie die Deklination auszuweiten. Zusammenfassung L2Lernstrategien LLernstrategien L2 L festzustellen Oxford, (Oxford 2003 verwendet ForcedChoiceTests Forced Choice Tests 2004 (2004 beurteilen 5 Chiles zeigt zeigten Lernenden haben sinnvoll auszuweiten 200 (200 20 (20 2 (2 (

Abstract: The aim of this quantitative study is to determine the correlation between German learners' L2 learning strategies and their mastery of German verb subordinate clause syntax. To measure learning strategies, version 7 of the Oxford SILL (Oxford, 2003) was used. Catasso's (2004) forced-choice tests were used to assess knowledge of subordinate clause syntax. The subjects in this study were 55 students from a German school in Chile. The analysis carried out with R shows that the most frequently used learning strategy was the compensatory strategies. The data showed that there is no statistically significant positive correlation between frequent learning strategy use and better mastery of verb position. However, there is a statistically significant negative correlation between the use of metacognitive strategies and the mastery of subordinate clause syntax in male learners. Personal variables in language learning could have positive effects. In the future, it would be useful to extend this type of correlational study to other aspects of German language acquisition such as declension. Abstract learners L Oxford, (Oxford 2003 Catassos Catasso s 2004 (2004 forcedchoice forced choice 5 Chile position However effects future declension 200 (200 20 (20 2 (2 (

BACKGROUND: Maintaining or promoting employment in the presence of disability or reducing the impact of disability on employability should be the adopted focus to decrease the negative impact that disability has on the economy and just as important on the livelihood and well-being of exposed insured individuals. Group risk disability insurance protects an employee's income when illness or injury result in work disability. To achieve this, factors that promote the success of rehabilitation and support for return-to-work of employees following illness and injury need to be understood from an insurance perspective. OBJECTIVES: To explore principles of disability claims management during the rehabilitation and work reintegration stage using a multi-stakeholder approach for the purpose of successful return to work. METHODS: An exploratory qualitative design was used to collect data via semi-structured interviews with 26 purposively selected participants. Interviews were audio-recorded, data were transcribed and analysed thematically. Qualitative research was used to understand the necessary role players in the work reintegration process, factors that hinder and promote work reintegration and best practice principles for Disability Claims Management (DCM). RESULTS: Three themes emerged from the study; (i) role players and their functions with collaboration is integral to disability claims management, (ii) various factors promote and restrict return-to-work planning, and (iii) best practice principles in the DCM pathway that promote return-to-work. These principles include behavioural economics as the central principle, with resource identification and competency, governance, role engagement and education and awareness as supporting principles. CONCLUSION: Collaborative and integrated approaches by role players within a workers' family unit, health system, employer structure and insurance compensation are required for positive return-to-work outcomes. The various role players are responsible for creating policies, structures, intervention strategies, and environments that foster return-to-work. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE • An integrated approach is required for optimal RTW outcomes as employers' policies restrict work integration. • A collaborative approach by all role players involved in DCM, focusing on positive RTW outcomes is required in the RTW process • Occupational therapists can influence employer incapacity and disability policies in order to keep people employed and productive in the presence of medical conditions with the application of reasonable accommodations where necessary. • Occupational therapists are suitably positioned to outline workplace environment and other supports required to guide and support employees through rehabilitation and RTW and in ensuring that employees who can remain at work while on a partial or fully insured benefit, can engage optimally in aspects of work function.

The Covid-19 pandemic had a great effect on people's health as well as their economic stability. The virus also led to the death of many people. Numerous restrictions were put into place to limit the spread of the virus. In South Africa, one of the restrictions was a national lockdown, which meant that most people could not go to work. This resulted in many people losing their jobs, including many parents. When parents lose their jobs, it does not only affect them, but it also affects their children. Parents 'job loss can sometimes lead to positive outcomes, but in most cases it will have a negative impact on children. There are many ways in which the job loss of parents can have a negative impact on the lives of their children. It affects aspects such as their health, safety, emotional well-being, school performance, future, and so forth. Because of this, it is important to determine how children can be equipped to make sense of their circumstances and to flourish in spite thereof. Practical theology is a field of study that works with cases such as these. The aim of this article is therefore to show, from a practical-theological perspective, how congregational children's ministry can be used to implement faith resources into children's lives to equip them to flourish by strengthening their relationship with God as well as their relationship with other people. This would include resources such as the Bible, prayer, and a biblical perspective on suffering as well as hope. Other resources include family, the church, friends as well as people who have gone through similar situations and who were able to handle it in a healthy way. All of these faith resources can be made a part of children's lives through congregational children's ministry. This would include things such as faith formation (Sunday school and youth groups), church services, mentorship, and the support of parents. When children are equipped through these ministries, it enables them to make sense of their circumstances and helps them to flourish in spite of such challenges.

Die Covid-19-pandemie het 'n groot effek op mense se gesondheid sowel as hulle ekonomiese stabiliteit gehad. Talle beperkings is ingestel om die verspreiding van die virus te beperk. In Suid-Afrika was een van die beperkings 'n nasionale inperking wat veroorsaak het dat die meeste mense nie werk toe kon gaan nie. Dit het daartoe gelei dat talle mense hul werk verloor het. Baie van die mense was ouers. Ouers se werksverlies affekteer nie net hulself nie, maar ook hul kinders. Daar is verskeie maniere waarop ouers se werksverlies kinders negatief kan beïnvloed. Praktiese teologie is 'n studieveld wat met gevalle soos dié werk. Daarom is die doel van hierdie artikel om, vanuit die perspektief van die praktiese teologiese te wys hoe gemeentelike kinderbediening gebruik kan word om geloofshulpbronne in kinders se lewens in te bou sodat hulle van hul omstandighede (ouers se werksverlies) kan sinmaak en ten spyte van hul omstandighede sal kan floreer.

Resumen Las ciudades concentran porcentajes elevado de la población humana. Estas han sido moldeadas por procesos de urbanización y desarrollo, que han conllevado a impactos positivos y negativos, desde nivel local hasta global. Este documento tiene como finalidad describir los aspectos que implica la sostenibilidad en las ciudades, para la comprensión de los retos y perspectivas en Costa Rica. Las ciudades costarricenses presentan rezagos importantes en materia de sostenibilidad. Estos incluyen el desarrollo de un enfoque amplio e integral, para abarcar y buscar la sostenibilidad del Gran Área Metropolitana. Para encaminar las ciudades del país hacia la sostenibilidad, es necesario dejar la visión cortoplacista y promover soluciones integradoras, innovadoras y que se ajusten a las necesidades país.

Abstract Cities concentrate high percentages of the human population. They have been shaped by processes of urbanization and development, which have led to impacts, both positive and negative, at local, regional and global levels. The aim of this document is to describe the aspects that sustainability in cities implies, in order to understand the challenges and perspectives in Costa Rica. Costa Rican cities are lagging behind in terms of sustainability. These include the development of a broad and integrated approach, to encompass and seek sustainability for the Greater Metropolitan Area. In order to guide the country's cities towards sustainability, it is necessary to leave behind the short-sighted and individualistic vision, to promote integrated and innovative solutions that meet the country's needs.

Résumé Cet article met l'accent sur l'utilisation d'œuvres littéraires comme outil d'enseignement des sciences aux enfants. L'intersection de ces deux domaines de connaissance a fait l'objet de discussions par plusieurs auteurs au fil des ans, tels que Filipe (2012), Pinto (2009), Scalfi et Corrêa (2014) et Nascimento (2008). En utilisant une approche qualitative basée sur les rapports des enseignants sur l'utilisation de stratégies visant à promouvoir la culture scientifique parmi leurs élèves, la présente étude vise à discuter des aspects positifs et négatifs de l'utilisation d'œuvres littéraires dans l'enseignement des sciences naturelles. La recherche est de nature qualitative, et la technique d'analyse des données utilisée était l'analyse narrative, issue d'une séance réflexive menée avec quatre enseignants à partir de leurs rapports d'expérience sur l'utilisation de livres de littérature pour enfants pour enseigner les sciences. Selon les opinions des participants, cette combinaison permet le développement de la culture scientifique, en explorant différents aspects de la science, de la technologie et de la société, permettant ainsi une éducation citoyenne pour les enfants. Cependant, il a été constaté que l'utilisation de la littérature présente des faiblesses en termes d'adaptation du contenu scientifique à un langage accessible aux élèves et de difficultés d'intégration curriculaire de certains concepts. Les participants indiquent que le plus grand défi pour explorer le caractère scientifique présent dans la littérature est le fait que les enseignants ne sont pas formés pour développer la diffusion scientifique sous forme de littérature en classe, ce qui souligne la nécessité de moments de formation pour les enseignants afin de réaliser efficacement ce travail dans les écoles.

Resumo Este artigo tem como temática a utilização de obras literárias como ferramenta no ensino de ciências para crianças. A intersecção dessas duas áreas do conhecimento tem sido objeto de discussão por vários autores ao longo dos anos, tais como, Filipe (2012), Pinto (2009), Scalfi e Corrêa (2014) e Nascimento (2008). Utilizando uma abordagem qualitativa baseada em relatos de professores sobre o uso de estratégias para promover a alfabetização científica de seus alunos, o presente estudo tem como objetivo discutir os pontos positivos e negativos do emprego de obras literárias no ensino de Ciências da natureza. A pesquisa é do tipo qualitativa e a técnica de análise de dados utilizada foi a análise de narrativas, oriundas de uma sessão reflexiva feita com quatro professores com base em relatos de experiência sobre o uso de livros paradidáticos de literatura infantil para ensinar Ciências. De acordo com a opinião dos participantes, essa união possibilita desenvolver a alfabetização científica, explorar diferentes aspectos da ciência, tecnologia e sociedade possibilitando assim uma educação cidadã para as crianças. No entanto, foi possível constatar que o uso da literatura apresenta fragilidades em relação a adaptação de conteúdos científicos a uma linguagem acessível ao aluno e dificuldade de integração curricular de alguns conceitos. Os participantes indicam que a maior dificuldade em explorar o caráter científico presente na literatura é o fato dos professores não serem ensinados de como desenvolver a divulgação científica como literatura em sala de aula, ressaltando a necessidade de momentos formativos para que os professores desenvolvam esse trabalho com eficácia na escola.

Resumen El tema de este artículo es el uso de las obras literarias como herramienta en la enseñanza de las ciencias en los niños. La intersección de estas dos áreas de conocimiento ha sido objeto de discusión por varios autores a lo largo de los años, como Filipe (2012), Pinto (2009), Scalfi y Correa (2014) y Nascimento (2008). Utilizando un enfoque cualitativo basado en relatos de profesores sobre el uso de estrategias para promover la alfabetización científica de sus alumnos, el presente estudio tiene como objetivo discutir los puntos positivos y negativos del uso de obras literarias en la enseñanza de las Ciencias Naturales. La investigación es cualitativa y la técnica de análisis de datos utilizada fue el análisis de narrativas, a partir de una sesión reflexiva con cuatro docentes y sus relatos de experiencia sobre el uso de libros paradidácticos de literatura infantil para la enseñanza de las Ciencias. Según la opinión de los participantes, esta unión permite desarrollar la alfabetización científica, explorar diferentes aspectos de la ciencia, la tecnología y la sociedad, posibilitando así la educación ciudadana en los niños. Sin embargo, fue posible verificar que el uso de la literatura presenta debilidades con relación a la adecuación de los contenidos científicos,hacia un lenguaje accesible para el estudiante y dificultades en la integración curricular de algunos conceptos. Los participantes indican que la mayor dificultad para explorar el carácter científico presente en la literatura, es el hecho de que a los docentes no se les enseña cómo desarrollar la divulgación científica como literatura en el aula, enfatizando la necesidad de momentos formativos para que los docentes desarrollen esta labor con eficacia en la escuela.

Abstract This article focuses on the use of literary works as a tool in teaching science to children. The intersection of these two areas of knowledge has been a subject of discussion by several authors over the years, such as Filipe (2012), Pinto (2009), Scalfi and Corrêa (2014), and Nascimento (2008). Using a qualitative approach based on teachers' reports on the use of strategies to promote scientific literacy among their students, the present study aims to discuss the positive and negative aspects of employing literary works in the teaching of Natural Sciences. The research is qualitative in nature, and the data analysis technique used was narrative analysis, derived from a reflective session conducted with four teachers based on their experiential reports on the use of children's literature books to teach Science. According to the participants' opinions, this combination allows for the development of scientific literacy, exploring different aspects of science, technology, and society, thereby enabling a citizen education for children. However, it was found that the use of literature has weaknesses in terms of adapting scientific content to a language accessible to students and difficulties in curriculum integration of certain concepts. Participants indicate that the greatest challenge in exploring the scientific character present in literature is the fact that teachers are not trained on how to develop scientific outreach as literature in the classroom, emphasizing the need for formative moments for teachers to effectively carry out this work in schools.

Abstract This article discusses a relatively new tool for visualizing geographic information known as ‘tile grid maps’. These maps consist of figures of the same shape and size (squares or hexagons) arranged in a strictly regular order. The map elements («tiles») are arranged according to the relative geographic position of the actual territories. Positive and negative aspects of these maps are pointed out. They have some advantages over conventional cartograms. The article presents a topological index for evaluating the quality of tile maps and provides practical guidelines for their production, as well as a comparative table for evaluating different types of cartographic images. The article presents a template for tile grid maps of Argentina, gives examples of their use, and presents the author’s automation project using Excel spreadsheets (mini-GIS).

Resumen Este artículo analiza una herramienta relativamente nueva para visualizar información geográfica, conocida como Tile Grid Maps o mapas de azulejos (mosaico) en cuadrícula. Estos mapas están formados por figuras de la misma forma y tamaño (cuadrados o hexágonos) dispuestas en un orden estrictamente regular; los elementos del mapa («azulejos») están dispuestos según la posición geográfica relativa de los territorios reales. Se describen los aspectos positivos y negativos de estos mapas, que presentan algunas ventajas con respecto a los cartogramas convencionales. El artículo propone un índice topológico especial para evaluar la calidad de los mapas de azulejos y ofrece recomendaciones prácticas para crear este tipo de mapas. Se presenta un cuadro comparativo de evaluación de distintos tipos de imágenes cartográficas; se compila una plantilla de mapas de azulejos de Argentina y se dan ejemplos de su uso. Por último, se presenta el proyecto de automatización del autor utilizando hojas de cálculo MS Excel (mini SIG).

RESUMEN El objetivo del presente artículo es analizar cuáles son los factores que inciden en la adopción del comercio electrónico por parte de las pymes en Guayaquil. La importancia e impacto que tiene el E-Commerce en las organizaciones es de gran magnitud en diferentes aspectos, es por ello que se han estudiado varios modelos de adopción de E-Commerce. Algunos de estos modelos estudiados son los de Kabanda & Brown modelo integrado de adopción de E-Commerce donde se mencionan tres factores relevantes como el organizacional, de innovación y ambiental, por otra parte, también se tiene el modelo de adopción de E-Commerce para pymes de Wang & Hou, donde definen el contexto tecnológico, organizacional y ambiental como factores determinantes en la adopción del E-Commerce. El factor organizacional hace referencia a las características propias de la organización y de los propietarios en el momento de adoptar las tecnologías de E-Commerce, mientras que el factor de innovación analiza los aspectos del por qué un usuario acepta o rechaza las nuevas innovaciones por medio del modelo de aceptación de tecnología. Para el desarrollo de este trabajo se emplea metodología de tipo descriptivo y método cuantitativo; se realiza una encuesta, a la muestra de 67 pymes comerciales de Guayaquil. En conclusión, se identifican los factores que influyen en la adopción del comercio electrónico por parte de las pequeñas y medianas empresas (pymes) en Guayaquil, revelando aspectos tecnológicos, organizativos, de innovación y transaccionales. Estos factores ejercen tanto impactos positivos como negativos durante el proceso de adopción del comercio electrónico.

ABSTRACT The objective of this project is to analyze the factors influencing the adoption of electronic commerce by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Guayaquil. The importance and impact of E-Commerce on organizations are significant in various aspects, leading to the study of several E-Commerce adoption models. Some of these models, such as Kabanda & Brown's integrated E-Commerce adoption model, highlight three relevant factors: organizational, innovation, and environmental. Additionally, Wang & Hou's E-Commerce adoption model for SMEs defines technological, organizational, and environmental contexts as determining factors in E-Commerce adoption. The organizational factor refers to the characteristics of the organization and owners when adopting E-Commerce technologies, while the innovation factor analyzes aspects of why a user accepts or rejects new innovations through the technology acceptance model. This work employs a descriptive methodology and quantitative method, conducting a survey with a sample of 67 commercial SMEs in Guayaquil. In conclusion, factors influencing the adoption of electronic commerce by SMEs in Guayaquil are identified, revealing technological, organizational, innovation, and transactional aspects. These factors exert both positive and negative impacts during the E-Commerce adoption process.

In light of the devastating effects of COVID-19 on early childhood care and education (ECCE), with this study we aimed at illuminating the self-efficacy and well-being of ECCE teacher educators, from the perspective of 9 participants in 7 higher education institutions (HEIs) across 5 South African provinces. The study, conducted by 2 ECCE teacher educators, was informed by the feminist ethics of care, combined with Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory, to understand self-efficacy, and Seligman's PERMA (positive emotions, engagement, relationships, meaning and accomplishments) theory of well-being. Semi-structured, online interviews using Microsoft Teams was used to produce the data. The findings reveal aspects that compromised self-efficacy and well-being, as well as aspects that energised them. All the participants reported that their institutions were under-prepared for the pandemic. They recognised that they lacked work-life balance and were at risk of burnout. Despite this, their resilience enabled them to develop a deeper interest and stronger commitment to their work, largely because of the support they had received from their colleagues. From the findings of the study we recognise that strong self-efficacy sustained teacher educators' professional practice despite the pandemic affecting their well-being in a negative way. In the context of building forward better and differently, this study points to the importance of developing responsive well-being programmes for staff in higher education institutions and communities of practice that are responsive to the needs of female teacher educators.

ABSTRACT Introduction: COVID-19 represented a global health crisis and revealed the fragility of the interdependent relationship with nature; hence the need to train teachers from an environmentalist conception so that they have a positive impact on the health of students with behavioral disorders. Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of a guidance manual for teachers related to environmental aspects, which can influence the health of students with behavioral disorders. Methods: a pedagogical study was carried out at the "Águedo Morales Reina" special school between September 2021 and June 2022, using document analysis, scientific observation, interviews and descriptive statistics, in a sample of five students with mental disorders. behavior with health problems, five specialists (speech therapist, educational psychologist, art instructors) and two teachers from special schools. Results: it is specified in a guidance manual for teachers that offers suggestions on environmental aspects to achieve a healthy education for students with behavioral disorders. It constitutes a resource to help overcome the diagnosis in the shortest possible time, by taking into account the positive and negative implications of the environment on the health of students with behavioral disorders. Conclusions: the guidance manual confirmed its theoretical, methodological and practical value, by confirming higher levels in the use of environmental aspects for the development of quality health in the selected students in the province of Pinar del Río.

RESUMEN Introducción: la COVID-19 representó una crisis mundial de salud y reveló la fragilidad de la relación de interdependencia con la naturaleza; de ahí la necesidad de formar desde una concepción medioambientalista al docente para que impacte positivamente en la salud de los educandos con trastornos de la conducta. Objetivo: evaluar la efectividad de un manual de orientación para docentes relacionado con aspectos medioambientales, que pueden influir en la salud de los educandos con trastornos de la conducta. Métodos: se realizó un estudio de corte pedagógico en la escuela especial "Águedo Morales Reina" entre septiembre de 2021 y junio de 2022, utilizando el análisis de documentos, la observación científica, entrevista y la estadística descriptiva, en una muestra de cinco educandos con trastornos de la conducta con problemas de salud, cinco especialistas (logopeda, psicopedagoga, instructores de arte) y dos maestros de las escuelas especiales. Resultados: se concreta en un manual de orientación para docentes que ofrece sugerencias de aspectos medioambientales para el logro de una educación saludable a los educandos con trastornos de la conducta. Constituye un recurso para contribuir a superar el diagnóstico en el menor tiempo posible, al tener en cuenta las implicaciones positivas y negativas del ambiente en la salud de los educandos con trastornos de la conducta. Conclusiones: el manual de orientación constató su valor teórico, metodológico y práctico, al confirmar niveles superiores en la utilización de aspectos medioambientales para el desarrollo de una salud con calidad en los educandos seleccionados en la provincia de Pinar del Río.

The objective of this research was to understand the students' view on various aspects of training at IFBA. By means of a structured questionnaire applied at the Camaçari, Santo Amaro and Simões Filho campuses, data were collected from students regarding their expectations and perceptions during their professional training trajectory; integration into the labour market; the positive and negative points of the training received at IFBA and the internship in the area of the technical course. As a result, it was possible to observe that most of the participating students were from the first years, they reported that the stoppages/strikes during the course delay the training and demotivate. Even so, they consider the training offered by the IFBA and the preparation of the teaching staff to be good. The students pointed out the need to integrate the curriculum, reduce course time and provide learning opportunities in an easier way. For future studies, it is proposed that the research be applied to other IFBA campuses and thus have a perception of the.

El objetivo de esta investigación fue conocer la visión de los estudiantes sobre diversos aspectos de la formación en el IFBA. Por medio de un cuestionario estructurado aplicado en los campus de Camaçari, Santo Amaro y Simões Filho, se recogieron datos de los estudiantes sobre sus expectativas y percepciones durante su trayectoria formativa profesional; la integración en el mercado laboral; los puntos positivos y negativos de la formación recibida en IFBA y la pasantía en el área del curso técnico. Como resultado, se pudo observar que la mayoría de los estudiantes participantes eran de los primeros años, informaron que los paros/huelgas durante el curso retrasan la formación y desmotivan. Aun así, consideran que la formación ofrecida por el IFBA y la preparación del profesorado son buenas. Los estudiantes señalaron la necesidad de integrar el currículo, reducir el tiempo de curso y brindar oportunidades de aprendizaje de una manera más fácil. Para futuros estudios, se propone que la investigación se aplique a otros campus del IFBA y así tener una percepción de la.  

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi compreender a visão dos alunos sobre diversos aspectos da formação no IFBA. Por meio de um questionário estruturado aplicado nos campi de Camaçari, Santo Amaro e Simões Filho, foram coletados dados dos alunos em relação às suas expectativas e percepções durante a trajetória de formação profissional; a inserção no mercado de trabalho; os pontos positivos e negativos da formação recebida no IFBA e o estágio na área do curso técnico. Como resultado foi possível observar que a maioria dos alunos participantes foram dos primeiros anos, eles relataram que as paralisações/greves durante o curso atrasam a formação e desmotivam. Mesmo assim, consideram a formação ofertada pelo IFBA e a preparação do corpo docente boas. Os alunos apontaram a necessidade de integração do currículo, redução do tempo do curso e oportunização do aprendizado de forma mais fácil. Para estudos futuros propõe-se que a pesquisa seja aplicada para outros Campi do IFBA e assim tenha uma percepção mais abrangente dos alunos sobre a formação.

ABSTRACT: This study described the pathological aspects of a metastatic grade II simple tubulopapillary mammary carcinoma in a free-living senile female maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus). The diagnosis was based on histopathological findings of malignant epithelial cells arranged in tubular and papillary patterns, with marked anisocytosis and anisokaryosis and metastases to regional lymph nodes, lungs, parietal pleura, and pericardium. Also associated to positive immunolabeling of neoplastic cells for Cytokeratin AE1/AE3 and negative for P63, Calponin and Cox-2, added to the cell proliferation index of 26.8%. The findings demonstrated that free-ranging wild canids develop mammary neoplasms similar to those observed in domestic canids. ABSTRACT freeliving free living Chrysocyon brachyurus. brachyurus . brachyurus) patterns nodes lungs pleura pericardium AE1AE3 AEAE AE1 AE3 AE AE1/AE P63 P Cox2, Cox2 Cox 2, 2 Cox-2 268 26 8 26.8% freeranging ranging AE1AE P6 Cox- 26.8 26.

RESUMO: Este estudo descreve os aspectos patológicos de um carcinoma mamário simples túbulo-papilar metastático grau II em um lobo-guará, fêmea, senil de vida livre. O diagnóstico foi baseado nos achados histopatológicos de células malignas epiteliais arranjadas em um padrão tubular e papilar, com acentuada anisocitose e anisocariose e metástases para os linfonodos regionais, pulmão, pleura parietal e pericárdio. Também associado a marcação imuno-histoquímica positiva das células neoplásicas para Citoqueratina AE1/AE3 e negativas para P63, Calponina e Cox-2, somado ao índice de proliferação celular de 26,8%. Os achados demonstram que canídeos silvestres de vida livre podem desenvolver neoplasias mamárias similares às observadas em canídeos domésticos. RESUMO túbulopapilar túbulo papilar loboguará, loboguará lobo guará, guará lobo-guará fêmea regionais pulmão pericárdio imunohistoquímica imuno histoquímica AE1AE3 AEAE AE1 AE3 AE AE1/AE P63 P Cox2, Cox2 Cox 2, 2 Cox-2 268 26 8 26,8% domésticos AE1AE P6 Cox- 26,8 26,

ABSTRACT Purpose: To translate and validate a questionnaire that evaluates the theoretical knowledge regarding fundus examination. Methods: A 60-item multiple-choice English questionnaire that investigates various aspects of knowledge regarding fundus examination was translated into Portuguese. The process involved translation, back-translation, and evaluation by an expert committee. The resulting questionnaire was applied to final-year medical students and ophthalmology residents. Each included subject answered the questionnaire twice, with an interval of one week between each application. Internal consistency, test-retest reliability, inter-rater reliability, and percentage agreement were calculated. Results: Thirty participants were included (25 medical students and 5 ophthalmology residents). The pass-fail cutoff was calculated at 46, the theoretical false positives were 8.7% and the theoretical false negatives were 2.8%. The observed false positive and false negative rates were 0%. Among the 60 items, test-retest reliability was strong in 17 items, which one had a negative correlation, moderate in 14 items, which one had a negative correlation, and weak in 29 items; inter-rater reliability of 34 items was under 0.4, 17 items were between 0.4 and 0.6, and 8 items were above 0.6. One item had a negative kappa. Among the percent agreement, 10 items were between 40%-60% agreement, 50 were above 60% agreement, and 18 were above 80%. Cronbach’s alpha was calculated as 0.674. Conclusions: The translated questionnaire provided a standard instrument for future research and interventions to improve medical education in ophthalmology. Purpose Methods 60item multiplechoice multiple choice Portuguese translation backtranslation, backtranslation back back-translation committee finalyear final year residents twice application consistency testretest test retest interrater inter rater Results 25 (2 . residents) passfail pass fail 46 87 7 8.7 28 2 2.8% 0 0% 6 1 correlation 3 04 4 0. 06 0.6 kappa 40%60% 4060 40% 40 40%-60 80 80% Cronbachs Cronbach s 0674 674 0.674 Conclusions ( 8. 2.8 40%60 406 40%-6 067 67 0.67 2. 40%6 40%-

RESUMO Objetivos: Traduzir e validar para o português um questionário para avaliar o conhecimento teórico no exame de fundo de olho. Métodos: Um questionário de múltipla escolha de 60 questões em inglês, ao qual avalia diversos aspetos do conhecimento no exame de fundo de olho, foi traduzido para o português. O processo envolveu uma tradução, re-tradução e avaliação por um comitê de especialistas. O questionário resultante foi aplicado em estudantes de medicina do último ano e médicos-residentes em oftalmologia. Cada indivíduo respondeu o questionário duas vezes, com um intervalo de uma semana entre cada aplicação. A consistência interna, a confiança teste-reteste, a confiança entre avaliadores e a porcentagem de concordâncias foram calculadas. Resultados: Trinta participantes foram incluídos (25 estudantes de medicina e 5 residentes em oftalmologia). A nota de corte para aprovação-reprovação foi calculada em 46, sendo os falsos positivos teóricos de 8,7% e os falsos negativos teóricos 2,8%. No mesmo corte, os falsos positivos e falsos negativos observados foi de 0%. Dentre os 60 itens, a confiança teste-reteste foi forte em 17 itens, sendo que um apresentou uma correlação negativa, moderada em 14 itens, sendo que um apresentou uma correlação negativa, e fraca em 29 itens; a confiança inter-examinador foi inferior a 0,4 em 34 itens, entre 0,4 e 0,6 em 17 itens, e acima de 0,6 em 8 itens. Um dos itens apresentou um valor negativo. A porcentagem de concordância foi entre 40-60% em 10 itens, superior a 60% em 50 itens e acima de 80% em 18 itens. O alfa de Crombach foi calculado com 0,674. Conclusões: O questionário traduzido propicia um instrumento padronizado para futuras pesquisas e intervenções às quais visem aprimorar o ensino em oftalmologia. Objetivos olho Métodos 6 inglês tradução retradução re especialistas médicosresidentes médicos oftalmologia vezes aplicação interna testereteste, testereteste teste reteste, reteste calculadas Resultados 25 (2 . oftalmologia) aprovaçãoreprovação aprovação reprovação 46 87 7 8,7 28 2 2,8% 0 0% 1 negativa interexaminador inter examinador 04 4 0, 3 06 negativo 4060% 4060 40 40-60 80 0674 674 0,674 Conclusões ( 8, 2,8 406 40-6 067 67 0,67 2, 40-

Résumé Le succès ou l’échec des candidats à la réélection aux postes de maire lors des élections de 2020 a-t-il été déterminé par le contexte de la pandémie ? Pour répondre à cette question, nous avons testé l’influence des variables provenant de cinq dimensions : les caractéristiques individuelles des candidats, les facteurs politiques municipaux, les questions socio-économiques et de gouvernance, ainsi que les indicateurs contextuels de la pandémie sur les performances de ceux qui ont tenté de renouveler leur mandat. La recherche a porté sur 3032 municipalités où les maires ont participé à la course électorale. Les facteurs suivants ont eu une influence positive sur la réélection : la taille de la population, les dépenses de campagne, les dépenses de santé et d’éducation, ainsi que le recrutement de médecins pendant la pandémie. Des effets négatifs ont été observés pour la concurrence électorale et le genre du chef de l’exécutif. Nous avons conclu que les aspects qui ont réellement déterminé la réélection sont liés à la lutte contre la Covid-19, aux attributs individuels du candidat et aux caractéristiques politiques de la municipalité, et non aux facteurs épidémiologiques liés à la pandémie, tels que les cas confirmés ou même les décès. léchec l échec 202 atil t il question linfluence municipaux socioéconomiques socio économiques gouvernance mandat 303 population campagne déducation, déducation d éducation, éducation d’éducation lexécutif. lexécutif exécutif. exécutif l’exécutif Covid19, Covid19 Covid 19, 19 Covid-19 municipalité décès 20 30 Covid1 1 Covid-1 2 3 Covid-

Resumen ¿El éxito o fracaso de los candidatos que quieren ser reelegidos como alcaldes en las elecciones de 2020 fue determinado por el contexto de la pandemia? Para responder a esa pregunta, analizamos la influencia de variables de cinco dimensiones: características individuales de los postulantes, factores políticos municipales, cuestiones socioeconómicas y de gobernanza, así como indicadores contextuales de la pandemia sobre el desempeño de aquellos que intentaron renovar sus mandatos. La investigación abarcó 3032 municipios en los que los alcaldes participaron de la contienda electoral. Los siguientes factores influenciaron positivamente la reelección: tamaño de la población, gastos de campaña, en salud y educación y contratación de médicos durante la pandemia. Con efectos negativos se encontraron la competencia electoral y el género del jefe del ejecutivo. Se puede concluir que los aspectos que, de hecho, determinaron la reelección, están relacionados con el combate al Covid-19, a atributos individuales del candidato y a las características políticas del municipio y no a factores epidemiológicos ligados a la pandemia, como casos confirmados e incluso fallecimientos. El 202 pregunta dimensiones postulantes municipales gobernanza mandatos 303 reelección población campaña ejecutivo hecho Covid19, Covid19 Covid 19, 19 Covid-19 fallecimientos 20 30 Covid1 1 Covid-1 2 3 Covid-

Abstract Did the COVID-19 pandemic affect the success or failure of candidates for reelection in the 2020 municipal elections? We attempt to answer this question by tested the influence of five-dimension variables: individual candidate traits, municipal political factors, socioeconomic and governance issues, as well as contextual indicators of the pandemic on the performance of those running for a second term. The study comprehended 3,032 cities in which mayors participated in elections. The following factors positively influenced reelection: population size, campaign expenses, investments in health, education, and hiring doctors during the pandemic. Nevertheless, negative drivers included electoral competition and mayors’ gender. We conclude therefore that the determining factors of reelection are connected to COVID-19 responses, individual candidate traits, and municipal political factors, rather than epidemiological phenomena such as the number of cases or even deaths. COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 202 elections fivedimension five dimension variables traits issues term 3032 3 032 3,03 size expenses health education Nevertheless gender responses deaths COVID1 1 COVID- 20 303 03 3,0 2 30 0 3,

Resumo O sucesso ou o fracasso de candidatos à reeleição nas prefeituras nas eleições de 2020 foi determinado pelo contexto da pandemia? Para responder essa questão, testamos a influência de variáveis de cinco dimensões: características individuais dos postulantes, fatores políticos municipais, questões socioeconômicas e de governança, assim como indicadores contextuais da pandemia sobre o desempenho daqueles que tentaram renovar os seus mandatos. A pesquisa circunscreveu 3032 municípios em que prefeitos participaram da corrida eleitoral. Influenciaram positivamente a reeleição os seguintes fatores: tamanho da população, gastos de campanha e gastos em saúde e em educação e contratação de médicos durante a pandemia. Como efeitos negativos, foram encontrados a competição eleitoral e o gênero do chefe do executivo. Concluiu-se que os aspectos que, de fato, determinaram a reeleição estão relacionados ao enfrentamento da Covid-19, a atributos individuais do candidato e às características políticas do município, e não a fatores epidemiológicos ligados à pandemia, como casos confirmados ou mesmo óbitos. 202 questão dimensões postulantes municipais governança mandatos 303 população negativos executivo Concluiuse Concluiu se fato Covid19, Covid19 Covid 19, 19 Covid-19 município óbitos 20 30 Covid1 1 Covid-1 2 3 Covid-

Resumen La viruela símica es una enfermedad viral zoonótica debida a un virus del género Orthopoxvirus. Desde el 1 de enero de 2022, se ha notificado en 110 Estados Miembros de la OMS. Se presenta con fiebre, astenia, linfoadenopatías dolorosas y exantema. Dura entre 2 y 4 semanas. Suele ser autolimitada y se han descrito casos graves en personas inmunocomprometidas. El presente trabajo describe casos de viruela símica en mujeres, diagnosticados entre junio del 2022 y febrero del 2023 Se realizó un estudio observacional retrospectivo en la Uni dad Febril de Urgencias (UFU), revisando casos positivos (RT-PCR) para viruela símica y se seleccionó la población con sexo biológico femenino. Se consultó sobre compli caciones ginecológicas, patrón menstrual, dispareunia y dolor pélvico. Se realizaron 340 consultas por viruela símica, 214 (63%) fueron positivos, 211 casos (99%) de sexo masculino y 3 casos (1%) femeninos. Dentro de estos casos se encuentra una mujer trans, la cual no se incluyó. La edad promedio es de 31 años, inmunocom petentes, con reporte de serologías negativas para HIV, sífilis, hepatitis B y C. Ambos casos mantuvieron relacio nes sexuales sin método de barrera. Los síntomas más frecuentes fueron astenia y lesiones en piel, sobre todo en miembros superiores e inferiores, región perianal y genital. Como factor de riesgo presentaron contacto sexual sin protección. Dentro de los diagnósticos diferenciales, debe tenerse en cuenta otras infecciones de transmisión sexual (ITS). En seguimiento epidemiológico no refirieron complicaciones ginecológicas.

Abstract Monkeypox is a zoonotic viral disease caused by a virus of the genus Orthopoxvirus. As of January 1, 2022, it has been reported in 110 WHO Member States. It presents with fever, fatigue, painful lymphadenopathy, and rash. It lasts between 2 and 4 weeks. It is usually self-limited, but severe cases have been described in immunocompromised people. This study describes cases of monkeypox in women, diagnosed between June 2022 and February 2023, and it reports epidemiology, clinical aspects, and complications after infection. A retrospective observational study was carried out in the Febrile Emergency Unit (UFU), reviewing positive cases (RT-PCR) for monkeypox and the population with female biologi cal sex was selected. They were questioned about gyne cological complications, menstrual pattern, dyspareunia and pelvic pain. 340 consultations for monkeypox were made, 214 (63%) were positive, 211 cases (99%) male and 3 cases (1%) female. Among these cases is a trans woman, who was not included. The average age is 31 years, immunocompetent, with a negative serology report for HIV, syphilis, hepatitis B and C. Both cases had sexual intercourse without a barrier method. The most frequent symptoms are asthenia and skin lesions, especially in the upper and lower limbs, perianal and genital region. As a risk factor they presented unpro tected sexual contact. Within the differential diagnoses, other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) should be considered. There were no gynecological complications reported during follow-up.