RESUMO: Entender aspectos da germinação de sementes de espécies nativas do Cerrado pode auxiliar na escolha de espécies a serem utilizadas na restauração de ecossistemas degradados. Portanto, o estudo teve como objetivo verificar o efeito de cápsulas biodegradáveis na germinação de sementes de três espécies arbóreas típicas de fisionomias florestais do Cerrado (Enterolobium contortisiliquum, Anadenanthera colubrina e Dipteryx alata). O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação, com dois tratamentos: semeadura no interior de cápsulas biodegradáveis e semeadura direta na superfície do substrato. Duas sementes de cada espécie foram utilizadas por tratamento, as quais foram acomodadas em sacos plásticos com substrato arenoso oriundo da classe Neossolo Quartzarênico. Para cada tratamento, foram utilizados cinco blocos (repetições), com 20 sacos plásticos cada. A casa de vegetação teve condições controladas de temperatura e umidade relativa. Dentro das cápsulas, os resultados mostraram que as sementes de baru, angico-branco e tamboril apresentaram germinação de 97%, 42% e 12%, respectivamente. Por outro lado, na semeadura direta, a germinação foi de 15% para baru, 21% para angico-branco e 8% para tamboril. Os resultados indicam que o uso de cápsulas biodegradáveis favorece a germinação das espécies do Cerrado estudadas. Assim, tanto a utilização das cápsulas quanto as espécies elencadas são recomendadas em projetos de restauração ecológica. RESUMO degradados Portanto Enterolobium contortisiliquum alata. alata . alata) tratamentos tratamento Quartzarênico repetições, repetições , (repetições) 2 relativa baru angicobranco angico branco 97 97% 42 12 12% respectivamente lado 15 21 8 estudadas Assim ecológica (repetições 9 4 1

ABSTRACT: A good grasp of the different facets of seed germination of the plant species native to the Cerrado will facilitate the selection of species that can be used to restore degraded ecosystems. Hence, the objective of the current study was to confirm the ways biodegradable capsules affect the germination of the seeds of three tree species typical of the physiognomies of the Cerrado forest (Enterolobium contortisiliquum, Anadenanthera colubrina and Dipteryx alata). The experiments, conducted in a greenhouse, included two treatments: seeding performed inside biodegradable capsules and direct seeding on the substrate surface. Two seeds from each of the species were sown in plastic bags containing the Quartzarenic Neosol class of substrates. Using five replicates for each treatment resulted in 20 plastic bags for each. The greenhouse conditions included controlled temperature and relative humidity. Inside the capsules, the findings revealed that the baru, angico-branco and tamboril seeds germinated at the rates of 97%, 42%, and 12%, respectively. However, during direct seeding, germination rates for baru, angico-branco and tamboril were 15%, 21% and 8%. From the findings, it is evident that when biodegradable capsules are used, the germination of all three Cerrado species investigated is favoured. Thus, both capsules and the cited species can be recommended for projects of ecological restoration. ABSTRACT ecosystems Hence Enterolobium contortisiliquum alata. alata . alata) experiments treatments surface substrates 2 humidity baru angicobranco angico branco 97 97% 42 42% 12 12% respectively However 15 15% 21 8 8% favoured Thus restoration 9 4 1

Abstract The technique of bending wood by vaporization presents itself as a viable option for curvilinear structural projects, such as gridshells. Coniferous woods are often used in roof structures because, in addition to the desired relationship between mechanical strength and density, they allow the complete treatment of the cross-section of the piece. However, characteristics such as the predominance of sapwood or heartwood and the presence of defects are variables that affect structural performance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the bending limit of Acrocarpus laxinifloius (Indian cedar) veneers with a bending radius of 21 cm at different thicknesses. The impact of the predominance of sapwood or heartwood and the presence of defects on the bending strength was also investigated. The literature indicates that plastic flexibilization by steam occurs at 100°C, with 2.4 minutes for each millimeter of lamella thickness, which were the parameters considered in this study. The statistical analysis indicated a thickness limit of 8 mm for the lamellae to bend and the greater presence of sapwood or heartwood, as well as wood defects, did not significantly affect the bending force. projects gridshells because density crosssection cross section piece However performance Indian cedar 2 thicknesses investigated 100C C 100 100°C 24 4 2. force 10 1

Resumo Atécnica de vergamento da madeira por vaporização se apresenta como opção viável para projetos de estruturas curvilíneas, como as gridshells. Madeiras coníferas são comumente adotadas em estruturas de cobertura, pois além da desejada relação entre resistência mecânica e densidade, permitem o completo tratamento da seção transversal da peça. Entretanto, características como a predominância de alburno ou de cerne e a presença de defeitos são variáveis que afetam o desempenho estrutural. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o limite de vergamento de lamelas de Acrocarpus flaxinifloius (cedro indiano) com raio de curvatura de 21 cm em diferentes espessuras. Também se investigou o impacto da predominância de alburno ou cerne e da presença de defeitos na força de vergamento. A literatura indica que a flexibilização plástica por vapor ocorre a 100°C, com 2,4 minutos para cada milímetro de espessura da lamela, parâmetros estes considerados neste estudo. A análise estatística indicou o limite de 8 mm de espessura para o vergamento das lamelas e a maior presença de alburno ou de cerne, bem como os defeitos da madeira, não afetou significativamente a força de vergamento. curvilíneas gridshells cobertura densidade peça Entretanto estrutural cedro indiano 2 espessuras 100C C 100 100°C 24 4 2, lamela 10 1

Abstract Mortars’ workability results from other properties, such as consistency, plasticity, cohesion, water retention, exudation, initial adhesion and density. A workable mortar distributes itself in application, doesn’t segregate during transport, and remains plastic during the application time. This property depends on several application factors, together with the constituent materials. Therefore, this study aims to assess the influence of the formulation, aggregate type and water content on rheological behavior of rendering mortars, combined with particle packing studies. For this purpose, three usual mortar formulations were chosen. The minimum water content was calculated through the concepts of particle packing and the squeeze flow test. As a result, the influence of each constituent on the workability of the mortar was determined, together with the formulations optimized by the aggregate type. The water content analysis revealed the wet packing density and minimum value required for the formation of the water film around the particles. Mortars properties consistency plasticity cohesion retention exudation doesnt doesn t transport time factors materials Therefore formulation mortars studies purpose chosen test result determined particles

Resumo A trabalhabilidade das argamassas resulta de outras propriedades, como consistência, plasticidade, coesão, retenção de água, exsudação, adesão inicial e densidade. Uma argamassa trabalhável distribui-se durante a aplicação, não segrega durante o transporte e permanece plástica durante o tempo de aplicação. Esta propriedade depende de vários fatores de aplicação, juntamente com os materiais constituintes. Portanto, este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a influência da formulação, do tipo de agregado e do teor de água no comportamento reológico de argamassas de reboco, aliado a estudos de empacotamento de partículas. Para tanto, foram escolhidas três formulações de argamassas usuais. O teor mínimo de água foi calculado através dos conceitos de empacotamento de partículas e teste de squeeze flow. Como resultado, foi determinada a influência de cada constituinte na trabalhabilidade da argamassa, juntamente com as formulações otimizadas pelo tipo de agregado. A análise do teor de água revelou a densidade de empacotamento úmido e o valor mínimo necessário para a formação do filme de água ao redor das partículas. propriedades consistência plasticidade coesão exsudação distribuise distribui se aplicação constituintes Portanto formulação reboco tanto usuais flow resultado

Abstract Rural roads serve as pivotal conduits for the transportation of harvested crops to distribution hubs in Guarapuava-PR, a national agricultural focal point. This study evaluated the impact of incorporating brick kilns ashes(BKA) into the lateritic soil of an unpaved roadway. Mixtures of soil and BKA with three distinct granulometries were formulated, featuring substitution rates of 25%, 50%, and 75% ash relative to the total mixture mass,characterized in terms of: particle size distribution, liquid limit (LL), plastic limit (PL), and the optimum point on the compaction curve under modified energy conditions (optimal moisture content and maximum dry bulk density). Results revealed that BKA inclusion led to increases in LL, PL, OMC, CBR, alongside a reduction of MDD and expansion for the majority of mixtures, particularly within granulometry C1 at a 25% content. Finer ashes exhibited prominence in ISC and expansion outcomes. Substitutions of 75% BKA detrimentally affected geotechnical properties; however, granulometric stabilization with BKA proved feasible, particularly in soil-C2 mixtures designated for use as a sub-base. These mixtures met recommended LL and PL parameters, providing effective waste mitigation and presenting an alternative for soil improvement in pavement applications. GuarapuavaPR, GuarapuavaPR Guarapuava PR, PR Guarapuava-PR ashesBKA ashes(BKA roadway formulated 25 50 50% 75 masscharacterized mass characterized , (LL) (PL) optimal density. density . density) OMC CBR C outcomes properties however feasible soilC2 soilC C2 soil-C subbase. subbase sub base. base sub-base parameters applications 2 5 7 (LL (PL

Resumo Estradas vicinais são muito utilizadas para o escoamento da safra da área da colheita até os centros de distribuição na cidade de Guarapuava-PR, referência nacional no setor agrícola. Esta pesquisa avaliou o efeito da adição de cinzas de fornos de olarias (CFO) ao solo laterítico de uma estrada não pavimentada. Foram produzidas misturas de solo e CFO de três diferentes granulometrias, nos teores de substituição de 25%, 50% e 75%, de cinza em relação à massa total da mistura, caracterizadas quanto à:granulometria, limite de liquidez (LL), limite de plasticidade (LP) e ponto ótimo da curva de compactação sob energia modificada (umidade ótima (wot) e peso específico aparente seco máximo (ρdmáx)). Os resultados obtidos mostraram que a adição da CFO foi responsável por aumentos nos parâmetros LL, LP, wot, ISC, bem como pela redução do ρdmáx e da expansão da maioria das misturas, principalmente para a granulometria C1, no teor de 25%. Cinzas mais finas destacaram-se nos resultados de ISC e expansão. Substituições de 75% de CFO prejudicaram as propriedades geotécnicas, mas a estabilização granulométrica com CFO revelou-se viável, especialmente em misturas solo-C2 para utilização como sub-base, atendendo aos parâmetros recomendados de LL e LP, proporcionando mitigação de resíduos e uma alternativa para melhoramento de solos para pavimentação. GuarapuavaPR, GuarapuavaPR Guarapuava PR, PR Guarapuava-PR agrícola (CFO pavimentada granulometrias 25 25% 50 75 mistura àgranulometria, àgranulometria granulometria, à:granulometria , (LL) LP (LP umidade wot (wot ρdmáx. . (ρdmáx)) C1 C destacaramse destacaram se geotécnicas revelouse revelou viável soloC2 soloC C2 solo-C subbase, subbase sub base, base sub-base pavimentação 2 5 7 (LL (ρdmáx) (ρdmáx

Abstract Introduction. Evaluating onion cultivars (Allium cepa L.) in different environments to understand their adaptation is important due to the crop’s relevance in food supply across various countries, the reduction in its genetic diversity, the loss of beneficial traits, and resistance to diseases and pests. Objective. To assess the agronomic performance of onion cultivars under different environments to identify the best ones in terms of adaptation, yield, and interaction. Materials and methods. From November 2017 to August 2018, at the La Selva Research Center of the Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), Rionegro, Antioquia, Colombia, twenty-one onion cultivars plus two controls were evaluated: Peruana of the Aggregatum group and Yellow Granex of the Cepa, under open-field and protected conditions with plastic roofing, using multilocation trials in a randomized complete block design and four replications. Evaluations were consucted on categories such as bulb weight, number, length, and diameter, along with the interaction of cultivars and environments. Results. In othe open field, due to lower temperatures compared to those recorded under protected conditions resulted in higher yields of weight and number of bulbs. Under protected environments, Aggregatum group cultivars behaved as if they were from the Cepa group, producing fewer large-size bulbs. The adaptation of cultivars varied by environment: in the open field, L55 and L63 cultivars exhibited the best yields, while under protected conditions, RPT20 and RPT11 showed the best adaptation. Conclusion. Environments significantly influenced the behavior of Aggregatum group cultivars, with higher production of extra-large bulbs. Temperature contrasts in protected enviroments with plastic roofing affected cultivars yields, while open-field conditions were more favorable.

Resumen Introducción. La evaluación de cultivares de cebolla (Allium cepa L.) en diferentes ambientes para conocer su adaptación es importante debido a la relevancia del cultivo en la alimentación en diferentes países, la reducción de su diversidad genética, la perdida de sus rasgos benéficos y la resistencia a enfermedades y plagas. Objetivo. Evaluar el comportamiento agronómico de cultivares de cebolla bajo diferentes ambientes, para identificar los mejores en adaptación, rendimiento e interacción. Materiales y métodos. De noviembre 2017 a agosto de 2018, en el Centro de Investigación La Selva de la Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), Rionegro, Antioquia, Colombia, se evaluaron veintún cultivares más dos testigos de cebolla: Peruana del grupo Aggregatum y Yellow Granex del Cepa, bajo condiciones de campo abierto y protegido con techo plástico, con ensayos multilocacionales en un diseño de bloques completos al azar y cuatro repeticiones. Se evaluó por categorías: peso, número, longitud y diámetro de los bulbos; junto con la interacción de los cultivares y los ambientes. Resultados. En campo abierto, por presentar temperaturas menores a las registradas en las condiciones protegidas, se obtuvieron los mayores rendimientos de peso y número de bulbos. En ambientes protegidos, los cultivares del grupo Aggregatum, se comportaron como si fueran del grupo Cepa, al producir pocos bulbos de gran tamaño. La adaptación de los cultivares fue diferente en los ambientes: en campo abierto los cultivares L55 y L63 presentaron los mejores rendimientos, mientras que bajo condiciones protegidas, RPT20 y RPT11 fueron los que mejor se adaptaron. Conclusión. Los ambientes influyeron significativamente en el comportamiento de los cultivares del grupo Aggregatum con una mayor producción de bulbos extragrandes. Los contrastes de temperaturas que se presentaron en los ambientes protegidos con techo plástico, afectaron los rendimientos de los cultivares, mientras que las condiciones ambientales a campo abierto fueron favorables.

Resumen Ha sido la permanente preocupación de los ingenieros de empresas municipales en el país, respecto a la determinación de las velocidades máximas y los problemas relacionados por abrasión en las tuberías plásticas, parámetros que pueden ocasionar la pérdida de espesor de pared en las tuberías de alcantarillado sanitario y pluvial. Este artículo establece sobre la investigación obtenida en ensayos de laboratorio en tuberías de PRFV (poliéster reforzado en fibra de vidrio) que con nuevas innovaciones y formulaciones químicas (carburo de silicio), es actualmente, más resistente al fenómeno de la abrasión y por ende a la velocidad del fluido. Muestra que, aunque los métodos de las pruebas de abrasión pueden variar, los resultados obtenidos en los ensayos realizados son consistentes en laboratorio y constatados en campo.

Abstract It has been the permanent concern of Municipal Company engineers in the country, regarding the determination of maximum speeds and the problems related to abrasion in plastic pipes. Parameters that can cause the loss of wall thickness in sanitary and storm sewer pipes. This article establishes the research obtained in laboratory tests on GRP pipes (fiberglass reinforced polyester) that with new innovations and chemical formulations (silicon carbide), is currently more resistant to the phenomenon of abrasion and therefore to the velocity of the fluid. It shows that, although abrasion test methods may vary, the results obtained in the tests carried out are consistent in the laboratory and verified in the field.

Summary: In different trials have shown that the use of both vermicompost (VC) and plastic mulch has favored the yield and productivity of a large number of crops. The purpose of our study was to compare synthetic fertilization vs the incorporation of VC on the development of triploid watermelon with plastic mulch in the spring-summer 2019 agricultural cycle at the experimental field of the Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro. The treatments evaluated, each with three repetitions, were: exploratory application of VC, at a rate of 30 and 60 Mg ha-1, and as a control, the regional recommendation 240-120-00 ha-1 (N-P-K). The sowing was carried out in planting beds of 2 × 8 m (width and length, respectively) covered with black plastic. The sowing of the triploid watermelon seeds of the Crunchy Red variety, was carried out in Styrofoam trays with 200 cavities filled with Peat Moss. When the seedlings had two to three true leaves, they were transplanted 1.0 m apart on planting beds of 2 × 8 m (width and length, respectively) covered with black plastic. For the supply of water, drip irrigation was used. To evaluate the effect of the treatments, a completely randomized experimental design was used, the DMS0.05 test was applied for comparisons of the means. Due to the effect of the treatments evaluated, five of the variables studied: equatorial and polar diameters, pulp thickness, soluble solids and fruit weight presented highly significant differences, while yield registered a significant difference. The highest yield of 29 932 Mg ha-1 was recorded with the incorporation of 60 Mg ha-1 of VC confirming that this natural fertilizer was able to satisfy the nutritional needs of triploid watermelon without synthetic fertilization.

Resumen: En diferentes ensayos se ha evidenciado que el empleo, tanto del vermicompost (VC) como del acolchado plástico ha favorecido el rendimiento y la productividad de una gran cantidad de cultivos. El propósito del estudio fue equiparar la fertilización sintética vs la incorporación del VC sobre el desarrollo de la sandía triploide con acolchado plástico en el ciclo agrícola primavera-verano 2019, en el campo experimental de la Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro. Los tratamientos evaluados, cada uno con tres repeticiones, fueron: aplicación exploratoria de VC, a razón de 30 y 60 Mg ha-1, y como testigo, la recomendación regional 240-120-00 ha-1 (N-P-K). La siembra de semillas de sandía triploide, variedad Crunchy Red, se realizó en bandejas de unicel de 200 cavidades, rellenas con Peat Moss, cuando las plántulas tuvieron de dos a tres hojas verdaderas se realizó el trasplante, colocándolas a 1.0 m, entre éstas, sobre camas de siembra, de 2 × 8 m (ancho y largo, respectivamente) cubiertas con plástico negro. Para el suministro de agua se utilizó riego por cintilla. Para evaluar el efecto de los tratamientos se utilizó un diseño experimental completamente al azar, mientras que para las comparaciones de las medias se aplicó la prueba DMS0.05. Debido al efecto de los tratamientos evaluados cinco de las variables estudiadas: diámetros polar y ecuatorial, espesor de pulpa, sólidos solubles y peso del fruto registraron diferencias altamente significativas, mientras que el rendimiento presentó diferencia significativa. El mayor rendimiento de 29 932 Mg ha-1 se registró con la aplicación de 60 Mg ha-1 de VC, confirmándose que este producto logró cubrir la demanda nutritiva de la sandía triploide sin fertilización sintética.

Resumen: La influencia del efecto tamaño en las propiedades mecánicas del hormigón es una interrogante estudiada hace varias décadas, sin embargo, las investigaciones no permiten tener una idea clara de cómo este fenómeno afecta en las propiedades mecánicas de hormigones reforzados con fibras. La presente investigación describe la influencia del efecto tamaño en el comportamiento a flexión de hormigón reforzado con fibras de polipropileno. Para el análisis se diseñó hormigón simple reforzado con macro fibras sintéticas de polipropileno (HRFP) con 3 y 6 kg/m3 de fibras. Se elaboraron probetas prismáticas tipo vigas con tres tamaños diferente 100x100x350 mm, 100x200x650 mm y 100x300x950 mm, mismas que se ensayaron a flexión en 4 puntos. Se realizaron gráficas esfuerzo vs deflexión y se calculó el coeficiente de orientación en el plano de fractura. Los resultados indican que tanto la resistencia máxima alcanzada en el límite de proporcionalidad como las resistencias residuales post fisuración disminuyen al aumentar el tamaño de la probeta, demostrando la influencia del efecto tamaño.

Abstract: The influence of the size effect on the mechanical properties of concrete is a question studied several decades ago, however, research does not allow us to have a clear idea of how this phenomenon affects the mechanical properties of fiber-reinforced concrete. The present investigation describes the influence of the size effect on the flexural behavior of concrete reinforced with polypropylene fibers. For the analysis, simple concrete reinforced with macro synthetic polypropylene fibers (HRFP) with 3 and 6 kg/m3 of fibers was designed. Prismatic beam-type specimens were made with three different sizes: 100x100x350 mm, 100x200x650 mm and 100x300x950 mm, which were tested in 4-point bending. Stress vs. deflection graphs were made and the orientation coefficient in the fracture plane was calculated. The results indicate that both the maximum resistance reached at the limit of proportionality and the post-cracking residual resistance decrease with increasing specimen size, demonstrating the influence of the size effect.

Abstract Introduction: The West Indian fruit fly, Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart), is one of the most economically important pests of mangoes in Mexico and the Neotropics. Objective: To analyze adult population patterns of A. obliqua and their relation to local and landscape factors. Methods: We selected 11 “Manila” mango orchards along the middle part of La Antigua River, which were characterized to determine their biophysical structure and landscape configuration considering their distance to six different land uses/land covers. Anastrepha obliqua population was estimated by collecting adult flies in colorless polyethylene plastic bottle traps baited with a protein for three weeks in June 2022. Results: A total of 1 869 adults of A. obliqua were trapped, of which 75 % were females and 25 % were males. Abundance varied from 68 to 490 adult flies per orchard, while capture frequency from 0.36 to 1.8 flies/trap/day. Abundance increased in highly shaded orchards, and capture frequency decreased in orchards with highly soil compaction. Abundance and the frequency of capture increased in orchards near isolated trees of Spondias spp. and decreased in orchards near sugarcane plantations. Shade management in mango orchards may be used as an effective strategy to promote biotic interactions to naturally regulate A. obliqua populations, meanwhile, soil compaction represents a limiting ecological condition, which might severely impact fruit fly larvae survival. Conclusions: Adult population of A. obliqua depends on several local and landscape factors because they indicate resource availability and ecological conditions. These findings could be considered for control strategies in the integrated management of this pest to promote protection and improve the fruit quality of mango crop.

Resumen Introducción: La mosca de las indias occidentales, Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart), es una de las plagas más importantes económicamente en el cultivo de mango de México y el neotrópico. Objetivo: Analizamos los patrones de la población adulta de A. obliqua y su relación con factores locales y del paisaje. Métodos: Un total de 11 huertos de mango “Manila” fueron caracterizados en estructura biofísica y configuración del paisaje. Los adultos de A. obliqua fueron capturados con trampas (botellas de polietileno cebadas con una proteína) durante tres semanas en junio de 2022. Resultados: Se capturaron 1 869 adultos de A. obliqua, de los cuales 75 % fueron hembras y 25 % machos. La abundancia varió de 68 a 490 moscas adultas por huerto, mientras que la frecuencia de captura de 0.36 a 1.8 moscas/trampa/día. La abundancia incrementó en huertos altamente sombreados y decreció en huertos con suelos compactos. La abundancia y frecuencia incrementaron en huertos cercanos a árboles de Spondias spp. y decreció en huertos cercanos a plantaciones de caña de azúcar. El manejo de la sombra puede ser utilizado como una estrategia efectiva para promover las interacciones que regulan naturalmente la población de A. obliqua, mientras que la compactación del suelo representa una condición ecológica limitante que podría impactar severamente en la supervivencia de larvas de moscas de la fruta. Conclusión: La población adulta de A. obliqua depende de varios factores locales y del paisaje que indican disponibilidad de recursos y condiciones ecológicas. Estos hallazgos podrían considerarse en las estrategias del manejo integrado de esta plaga para promover la protección y el mejoramiento de la calidad de frutos en el cultivo de mango.

ABSTRACT Microtia and congenital atresia of the external auditory canal (EAC) are congenital malformations of the external ear that are often associated. Microtia results from a malformation of the auricle, while congenital atresia is a total or partial occlusion of the EAC. The challenge for the otolaryngologist is the management, which may include reconstructive surgery and auditory rehabilitation. Each case is unique and requires an individualized approach by a specialized team of otolaryngologists and plastic surgeons. We present the case of a 62-year-old woman with microtia and congenital atresia of the right EAC, with a history of reconstructive surgery of the pinna, in which auditory rehabilitation with an osseointegrated implant was chosen.

Resumo Microtia e atresia congénita do canal auditivo externo (CAE) são malformações congénitas do ouvido externo que se encontram muitas vezes associadas. A microtia resulta de uma malformação do pavilhão auricular enquanto a atresia congénita diz respeito a um encerramento total ou parcial do CAE. O desafio para os Otorrinolaringologistas reside no tratamento, que engloba a eventual cirurgia reconstrutiva e a reabilitação auditiva. Cada caso é único, exigindo uma abordagem personalizada por uma equipa especializada, com otorrinolaringologistas e cirurgiões plásticos. Apresentamos um caso de uma mulher de 62 anos com microtia e atrésia congénita do CAE direito, com antecedentes de cirurgia reconstrutiva do pavilhão auricular, no qual foi decidida reabilitação auditiva com implante osteointegrado.

ABSTRACT Plastic transformation enterprises are of great importance due to their impact on others belonging to strategic sectors. However, the high consumption of electrical energy in the processing of these materials contributes negatively to the environment. The objective of this research is to determine the indirect emissions of greenhouse gases based on carbon dioxide, from the fixed consumption of energy in a plastics factory in the province of Holguín, Cuba. The methods used were the techniques for recording and processing data, direct observation, work with groups of experts and surveys, as well as documents analysis. A procedure based on the Tangram Technology methodology was designed to determine the amount of equivalent carbon dioxide that is emitted into the atmosphere. The study was carried out in the period between 2020 and 2022. The main results include the following: energy management at the Holguín Plastics Factory was improved based on the identification of energy saving opportunities in administrative areas, departments and attached premises, implementing an action plan that allowed a decrease in the pollutant load to the atmosphere in the analyzed stage.

RESUMEN Las fábricas de transformación de plásticos poseen gran importancia por su incidencia en otras pertenecientes a sectores estratégicos. Sin embargo, el alto consumo de energía eléctrica en el procesamiento de estos materiales, contribuye negativamente al medio ambiente. El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar las emisiones indirectas de gases de efecto invernadero en base al dióxido de carbono, a partir del consumo fijo de energía en una fábrica de plásticos de la provincia de Holguín, Cuba. Los métodos utilizados fueron las técnicas para registro y procesamiento de datos, la observación directa, el trabajo con grupos de expertos y encuestas, así como el análisis de documentos. Se diseñó un procedimiento basado en la metodología de Tangram Technology, para determinar la cantidad de dióxido de carbono equivalente que se emite a la atmósfera. El estudio se realizó en el periodo comprendido entre el 2020 al 2022. Como principales resultados, destacan los siguientes: se logró mejorar la gestión energética en la Fábrica Plásticos Holguín a partir de la identificación de oportunidades de ahorro de energía en las áreas administrativas, departamentos y locales anexos, implementando un plan de acción que permitió una disminución de la carga contaminante a la atmósfera en la etapa analizada.

Resumen El texto propone reconstruir aspectos ligados a la conformación y el desarrollo del Teatro Nuevo XX de la ciudad de Rosario, fundado y dirigido por el dramaturgo porteño Alberto Rodríguez Muñoz. En el contexto de las innovaciones desplegadas por los teatros independientes a nivel nacional e internacional, la compañía de Muñoz llevó a cabo entre 1942 y 1947 una propuesta estética enlazada a la idea de transformación social, en donde diferentes artistas plásticos y diseñadores de la ciudad participaron realizando las escenografías, decorados, vestimentas y puestas en escena. El trabajo indaga en los inicios de esta formación teatral, en sus características y presupuestos, así como en la perspectiva de Muñoz sobre el teatro y la escenografía, volcada en distintas publicaciones de la época. Referiremos también a las puestas en escena de los artistas y escenógrafos que integraron la experiencia desde sus comienzos, reafirmando los vínculos entre las artes plásticas y el teatro moderno.

Abstract The text proposes to reconstruct aspects linked to the conformation and development of the Teatro Nuevo XX in the city of Rosario, founded and directed by the Buenos Aires playwright Alberto Rodríguez Muñoz. In the context of the innovations deployed by independent theaters at a national and international level, between 1942 and 1947 Muñoz's company carried out an aesthetic proposal linked to the idea of social transformation, in which different plastic artists and designers from the city participated. making the scenery, decorations, clothing and staging. The work investigates the beginnings of this theatrical training, its foundations, characteristics and aesthetic and ideological assumptions, as well as Muñoz's perspective on theater and set design, reported in different publications of the time. We will also refer to the interventions of Ricardo Warecki, who integrated the experience from its beginnings, reaffirming the links between the plastic arts and modern theater.

Abstract Objective: To provide healthcare professional-friendly practical recommendations for early detection of cleft palate-related deformities in newborns and offer an overview of managing these high-prevalent congenital abnormalities. Source of data: PubMed, SciELO, Lilacs, Cochrane, ScienceDirect, and Scopus databases were reviewed for cleft- and diagnosis-related studies. Summary of the findings: Unfortunately, the global prevalence of delayed detection of cleft palate-related deformities remains unacceptably high, with over a quarter of cleft palates missed at birth. This delayed identification causes physical and psychological distress for patients and families, including feeding challenges and weight faltering. To improve cleft management, it is essential to adopt routine detailed, in-depth intraoral examination immediately after birth. It is recommended not only to finger-assisted palpate the intraoral structures but also to visually inspect the oral cavity from gingiva to uvula using a wooden tongue depressor and light-assisted examination. With timely diagnosis and referral to specialized care, pediatricians, nurses, speech therapists, and plastic surgeons provide life-changing treatments, including health care maintenance, anticipatory guidance, feeding support, primary surgical reconstruction, and age-and condition-specific protocols. Conclusions: Encouraging neonatologists and pediatricians, who are the first to examine new-borns, to actively investigate the intraoral region for cleft palate-related deformities is instrumental in optimizing therapeutic approaches and prioritizing age-phases in treatment. Their crucial role in early detection and referral can lead to transformative outcomes, impacting not only the future of the newborns by facilitating functional integration into society but also yielding positive effects on families and the health system. Objective professionalfriendly professional friendly palaterelated palate related highprevalent high prevalent abnormalities data PubMed SciELO Lilacs Cochrane ScienceDirect diagnosisrelated studies findings Unfortunately birth faltering management detailed indepth depth fingerassisted finger assisted lightassisted light pediatricians nurses therapists lifechanging life changing treatments maintenance guidance support reconstruction ageand age conditionspecific condition specific protocols Conclusions newborns, new borns, borns new-borns agephases phases treatment outcomes system

Abstract: Plastic is widely used and responsible for negative environmental impacts. Such is the case of expanded polystyrene (EPS), a material that presents revaluation challenges due to its low density. The ability of certain insects larvae, such as Tenebrio molitor, to mineralize plastic has been demonstrated, although its insect farming still focuses on obtaining sustainable protein and biofertilizer. This study investigates the influence of an EPS diet on the larval development of T. molitor for 6 months and examines how the diet affects the volume of biofertilizer collected in this period. Trials were developed with three diets, performing periodic measurements and collection of material. The results indicate that larvae fed a combined substrate, as well as those fed an organic diet, demonstrate survival rates of up to 66%. The final length is lower in the inorganic diet (112 mm), and in the other diets it exceeds 162 mm. Larvae on an inorganic diet did not progress to pupal stage, demonstrated a disappointing lowest Feed Conversion Ratio (3.87) and produced less frass (1.28g), compared to the combined diet which recorded 5.11g. The data suggest that plastic entomoremediation works optimally if larvae are raised on a combined diet substrate of EPS and organic elements. This condition not only produces positive results, but also is aligned well with the principles of the circular economy. Therefore, a combined diet proves to be an ideal candidate for tackling EPS waste.

Resumen: El plástico es ampliamente utilizado y responsable de impactos ambientales negativos. Tal es el caso del poliestireno expandido (EPS), que presenta desafíos de revalorización por su baja densidad. Aunque ciertas larvas de insecto, como tenebrio molitor, han demostrado la capacidad de mineralizar plásticos, la insecticultura de estos aún se enfoca en obtener proteína sostenible y biofertilizante. En este estudio, se investiga la influencia de una dieta de EPS en el desarrollo larval de T. molitor durante 6 meses, y se examina cómo la dieta afecta el volumen de biofertilizante recolectado en este lapso. Se desarrollaron ensayos con tres dietas, realizando mediciones y recolección de material de manera periódica. Los resultados indican que las larvas alimentadas con un sustrato combinado, así como aquellas con una dieta orgánica, demuestran tasas de supervivencia de hasta 66%. La longitud final es inferior en la dieta inorgánica (112mm), y en las otras dietas superan los 162 mm. Las larvas de una dieta inorgánica no progresaron a pupa, demostraron un Factor de Conversión de Alimento desalentador (3,87) y produjeron menor cantidad de frass/biofertilizante (1,28g), en comparación con la dieta combinada que registró 5,11g. Los datos sugieren que la entomoremediación plástica funciona óptimamente si se cría larvas en un sustrato combinado de EPS y elementos orgánicos. Dicha condición no solo produce resultados positivos, sino que se alinea con los principios de economía circular. En consecuencia, se demuestra que una dieta combinada es ideal para abordarla como opción en el tratamiento de residuos de EPS.

Effective clinical interventions to engage in new habits remain a challenge despite intense research. One such strategy is to include the environmental issue of plastic packaging from ultra-processed food in nutrition recommendations. It expands the notion of health, contributing to engaging in healthy eating behaviors, in addition to being an ethical practice for health professionals. It brings co-benefits for both the environment and individual health through motivational incentives of less individual pollution, contributing to healthier food systems. Primary health professionals should be prepared to deal with risks of plastics and waste reduction strategies in their practice.