Résumé L’article analyse les mécanismes et les pratiques de la négociation collective et de l’étendue de ses résultats au Brésil, et cherche à combler une lacune dans la littérature spécialisée sur le sujet, qui jusqu’à présent ne s’y est pas intéressée. Pratique courante jusqu’à la réforme décrétée par le régime militaire en 1967, l’extension des conventions collectives aux tiers, absents des négociations, reste en vigueur encore aujourd’hui, bien qu’avec une portée très limitée, non sans importance. En plus de la contribution spécifique au débat, l’article apporte également un regard alternatif sur la littérature conventionnelle sur la négociation collective au Brésil, selon laquelle ce mécanisme de résolution du conflit de classe aurait été suspendu pendant la dictature de 1964, revenant à la scène des relations de travail avec l’émergence du « nouveau syndicalisme » à la fin des années 1970. Et il montre comment la Justice du travail a lentement « abdiqué » ses pouvoirs de médiation du conflit d’intérêts entre le capital et le travail, malgré les nombreux instruments disponibles pour le protection des droits diffuses et subjectives, y compris les droits de l’homme. Larticle L article létendue l étendue Brésil sujet jusquà jusqu sy s intéressée 1967 lextension extension tiers négociations aujourdhui, aujourdhui aujourd hui, hui aujourd’hui quavec qu limitée importance débat larticle 1964 lémergence émergence 1970 dintérêts d intérêts subjectives lhomme. lhomme homme. homme l’homme 196 197 19 1

Resumen El artículo analiza los mecanismos y prácticas de la negociación colectiva y la extensión de sus resultados en Brasil, además de subsanar vacíos en la literatura especializada sobre el tema, que no ha dado hasta ahora atención suficiente a esta cuestión. Práctica común hasta la reforma decretada por el régimen militar en 1967, la extensión de los acuerdos colectivos a terceros, ausentes de las negociaciones, permanece vigente incluso hasta hoy, a pesar de tener un alcance bastante limitado, lo cual no le quita importancia. Además de la contribución específica a este debate, el artículo aporta una lectura alternativa a la literatura convencional sobre negociación colectiva en Brasil, según la cual ese mecanismo de solución del conflicto de clase habría sido suspendido durante la dictadura de 1964, regresando al escenario de las relaciones de trabajo con la emergencia del “nuevo sindicalismo” al final de la década de 1970. También se muestra cómo la Justicia del trabajo “abdicó”, lentamente, sus poderes en la mediación del conflicto de interés entre capital y trabajo, a pesar de los diversos instrumentos disponibles de protección de derechos difusos y subjetivos, inclusive los derechos humanos. Brasil tema cuestión 1967 terceros negociaciones hoy limitado importancia debate 1964 nuevo sindicalismo 1970 abdicó, abdicó , “abdicó” lentamente subjetivos humanos 196 197 “abdicó 19 1

Abstract The article analyzes the mechanisms and practices of collective bargaining and the extent of its results in Brazil. It seeks to close a gap in the specialized literature, which has not been taken it into account thus far. Common practice until the 1967 reform decreed by the military regime, extending collective agreements to third parties, absent from the bargaining, remains in force today, although with a minimal scope, not insignificant. Besides contributing specifically to the debate, this article also offers an alternative look at Brazil’s conventional literature on collective bargaining – according to which this mechanism to solve class conflict would have been suspended during the 1964 dictatorship, returning to the labor relations scene upon the emergence of the “new unionism” of the late 1970s. Furthermore, it shows how the Labor Court slowly “abdicated” its powers to mediate the conflict of interest between capital and labor, despite the many instruments available to protect diffuse and subjective rights, including human rights. Brazil far 196 regime parties today scope insignificant debate Brazils s dictatorship new unionism 1970s Furthermore abdicated “abdicated rights 19 1

Resumo O artigo analisa mecanismos e práticas da negociação coletiva e da extensão de seus resultados no Brasil, e procura sanar lacuna na literatura especializada sobre o tema, que não esteve, até aqui, atenta a ele. Prática corriqueira até a reforma decretada pelo regime militar em 1967, a extensão dos acordos coletivos a terceiros, ausentes das negociações, permanece vigente ainda hoje, embora com escopo bastante limitado, nem por isso desimportante. Além da contribuição específica ao debate, o artigo traz também olhar alternativo à literatura convencional sobre negociação coletiva no Brasil, segundo a qual esse mecanismo de solução do conflito de classe teria sido suspenso durante a ditadura de 1964, retornando à cena das relações de trabalho com a emergência do “novo sindicalismo” no fim da década de 1970. E mostra como a Justiça do trabalho “abdicou”, lentamente, de seus poderes na mediação do conflito de interesse entre capital e trabalho, apesar dos muitos instrumentos disponíveis de proteção de direitos difusos e subjetivos, inclusive os direitos humanos. Brasil tema esteve aqui ele 1967 terceiros negociações hoje limitado desimportante debate 1964 novo sindicalismo 1970 abdicou, abdicou , “abdicou” lentamente subjetivos humanos 196 197 “abdicou 19 1

ABSTRACT. This work wass designed to analyze the possibility of heavy metals inducing oxidative stress and biochemical perturbations effect on fresh water fish and their impact directly or indirectly on the human race. Due to continuous drainage of municipal waste, tanneries, and pesticides in Ganga River, lifeline of millions of people is heavily affected. The physico-chemical qualities of Ganga River were analyzed in quarterly basis during year 2018 to 2021, by taking the freshwater sample of different locations in Kanpur. While collecting the sample water the average temperature 27.6°, DO value of selected locations were fairly poor with an average of DO 6.67 mg L-1 and BOD ranged from 11.93 to 20.79 mg L-1. On the other hand the BOD ranged from 11.93 to 20.79 mg L-1 which is far more than WHO standards. Additionally, levels of antioxidants in enzymatic and non-enzymatic tissues serve as proxies for fish exposure to oxidant pollutants. Higher physico-chemical responses indicate contaminants and heavy metals may be playing an important role that have to be considered. The heavy metals are affecting the antioxidant defense system particularly seen in liver and kidney of fish and this affect on kidney and liver functioning as the concentrations of heavy metals rises. The relation between enzymatic activity and the metabolite showing negatively correlation that is noted highly significant to this study (r = -0.87, t = 10.14, p* ≤0.05). ABSTRACT race waste tanneries affected physicochemical physico chemical 201 2021 Kanpur 276 27 6 27.6° 667 67 6.6 L1 L 1 L- 1193 11 93 11.9 2079 20 79 20.7 L1. 1. standards Additionally nonenzymatic non pollutants considered rises r 0.87, 087 0 87 -0.87 1014 10 14 10.14 p ≤0.05. 005 ≤0.05 . 05 ≤0.05) 202 2 27.6 66 6. 119 9 11. 207 7 20. 0.87 08 8 -0.8 101 10.1 00 ≤0.0 27. 0.8 -0. 10. ≤0. 0. -0 ≤0 - ≤

In light of the pervasive influence that neoliberalism has on the country's higher education sector and, subsequently, its research agenda, we argue that a recalibration of the philosophical and theoretical perspectives of education researchers is warranted. To this end, we advocate in this paper for a shift from the research subject being viewed, according to Barnacle (2009, p. 16) as a "brain in a vat" customary to positivistic thinking to a phenomenology of what we think of as the broken African body that views the African research subject in their fullness as a living, intersubjective, epistemic, bodily being shaped by invisible socio-political structures that condition both mind and body. This approach that centres on the search for understanding the structure of human consciousness, emphasises the influence that the historical, cultural, and social forces have made intrinsic to the African lived body. Accordingly, we argue that when we are conducting educational research the African body should be reframed as a vessel imbued with distinctive memories of various traumas of colonialism and apartheid, along with its resilience in regaining its balance from such perturbations. From this perspective we animate the crucial need by researchers to embrace the African body to enrich education in South Africa by engaging with the profound complexities of the South African context.

Abstract Forest fires are important environmental perturbations, recurrent in the Michoacán spring, where they were particularly numerous in 2021, during the confinement caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The objective of this work was to identify the fires of 2021, in the forest areas of northwest Michoacán, evaluating the severity and recovery from spectral vegetation indices calculated in Sentinel-2 images of different dates. The severity was determined from the dNBR (Normalized Burned Ratio increase) in spring and the recovery with the dNDVI (Normaliced Difference Vegetation Index increase) and dCIre (Chlorophylle Index Red Edge increase), in spring and winter. Five types of vegetation were distinguished (V1 to V5) according to the behavior of the NDVI on the dates considered. The burned areas were identified by classifying the May image. Of V1 (low density deciduous shrub), 15161 ha (31%) were burned, 72% with low or moderate-low damage; a great regeneration capacity was observed. Of V2 (high density deciduous, oaks), 17029 ha (34%) were burned, 64% with moderate-high or high affectation; there was sprouting after moderate fires. Of V3 and V4 (low and high density evergreen, conifers) were burned 1999 ha (4%) and 7366 ha (15%), respectively, 95% and 79% with low or moderate-low damage; there was recovery after minor fires, with greater resilience of V4. V5 (low deciduous forest) 7967 ha (16%) were burned, 91% with low or moderate-low damage, with greater recovery observed in the most affected areas, as a post-fire sprouting effect of vegetation. Remote sensing is a very versatile tool for fire assessment and recovery monitoring, although it does not replace observation in the field.

Resumen Los incendios forestales son perturbaciones ambientales importantes, recurrentes en la primavera michoacana, donde fueron particularmente numerosos en el año 2021, durante el confinamiento por la pandemia del COVID-19. El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar los incendios ocurridos en 2021 en las zonas forestales del noroeste de Michoacán, evaluando la severidad y la recuperación a partir de índices espectrales de vegetación calculados en imágenes Sentinel-2 de diferentes fechas. La severidad se determinó a partir del dNBR (incremento del Normalized Burned Ratio) en primavera y la recuperación con el dNDVI (incremento del Normaliced Difference Vegetation Index) y dCIre (incremento del Chlorophylle Index Red Edge), en primavera e invierno. Se distinguieron cinco tipos de vegetación (V1 a V5) según el comportamiento del NDVI en las fechas consideradas. Las áreas quemadas se identificaron clasificando la imagen de mayo. De V1 (arbustiva caducifolia con baja densidad) se quemaron 15161 ha (31%), 72% con afectación baja o moderada-baja; se observó una gran capacidad de regeneración. De V2 (caducifolia con alta densidad, encinos), se quemaron 17029 ha (34%), 64% con afectación moderada-alta o alta; hubo rebrote tras los incendios moderados. De V3 y V4 (perennifolia con baja y alta densidad, coníferas) se quemaron, respectivamente, 1999 ha (4%) y 7366 ha (15%), 95% y 79% con afectación baja o moderada-baja; hubo recuperación tras incendios poco graves, con mayor resiliencia de V4. De V5 (bosque tropical caducifolio) se quemaron 7967 ha (16%), 91% con afectación baja o moderada-baja, observándose mayor recuperación en las zonas más afectadas, como un efecto de rebrote post-incendio de la vegetación. La teledetección es una herramienta muy versátil para la evaluación de los incendios y el seguimiento de la recuperación, si bien no sustituye la observación en campo.

Abstract: The aim of this article is estimating the impact of mobile internet access on economic income during the COVID-19 pandemic of 2021 in the department of Puno, quasi-experimental methods were applied: Propensity Score Matching (PSM) and reweighting for causal effects: balance of entropy (EE), two sources of information were used: data from the Residential Survey of Telecommunications Services with a sample of 906 observations and primary data, from a survey based on the perception of women dedicated to textile crafts and clothing with a sample of 262 observations. The results with the PSM method show that the economic income of heads of household with access to mobile internet was higher by 45.6 %, in relation to the hypothetical situation in which they have not accessed the internet (p < 0, 05). Likewise, close to 17 % of women textile artisans with access to mobile internet perceived that their economic income had improved than if they had not accessed the internet (p < 0.05). When applying the EE method, the results were not significant.

Resumen: El objetivo de este artículo consiste en estimar el impacto del acceso a internet móvil en el ingreso económico en plena pandemia de COVID-19. Concretamente, se realizó durante el año 2021 en el departamento de Puno. Para ello, se aplicaron los métodos cuasi experimentales Propensity Score Matching (PSM) y el de ponderación para efectos causales de equilibrio de entropía (EE). Se usaron dos fuentes de información: los datos de la Encuesta Residencial de Servicios de Telecomunicaciones con una muestra de 906 observaciones y los datos primarios, a partir de una encuesta basada en la percepción de las mujeres dedicadas a la artesanía textil y confecciones con una muestra de 262 observaciones. Los resultados con el método de PSM muestran que el ingreso económico de los jefes de hogar con acceso a internet móvil fue mayor en 45,6 %, con relación a la situación hipotética en la que no hubieran accedido a internet (p < 0,05). Asimismo, que cerca del 17 % de las mujeres artesanas textiles con acceso a internet móvil perciben haber mejorado su ingreso económico que si no hubieran accedido a internet (p < 0,05). Al aplicar el método de EE los resultados no fueron significativos. Clasificación JEL: C01, C25, C31, D31.

Résumé: L’objectif de cet article est d’estimer l’impact de l’accès à Internet mobile sur les perturbations économiques au milieu de la pandémie de COVID-19. Plus précisément, il a été réalisé au cours de l’année 2021 dans le département de Puno. Pour ce faire, nous appliquons les méthodes expérimentales de Propensity Score Matching (PSM) et de pondération par les effets causaux du bilan d’entropie (EE). Deux sources d’information ont été utilisées: les données de l’Enquête Résidentielle des Services de Télécommunications avec un échantillon de 906 observations et les données primaires d’une enquête basée sur la perception des femmes dédiées à l’artisanat textile et à l’habillement avec un échantillon de 262 observations. La méthode PSM montre que le revenu économique des chefs de ménage ayant accès à l’internet mobile est supérieur de 45,6 %, par rapport à la situation hypothétique dans laquelle ils n’ont pas accès à internet (p < 0,05). Aussi, que près de 17 % des artisans du textile disposant d’un accès mobile perçoivent qu’ils ont amélioré leur revenu économique que s’ils n’avaient pas accédé à Internet (p < 0,05). Pour appliquer la méthode EE les résultats des résultats sont insignifiants.

ABSTRACT Introduction: The increased oceanic temperature associated with climate change has augmented the activity of tropical cyclones globally. These meteorological phenomena induce substantial physicochemical perturbations on oceans with implications for the phytoplankton communities. The latter, are drifting photosynthetic microorganisms, which are the basis of the oceanic trophic webs. Besides, they modulate climate processes, biogeochemical cycles and influence fishery yields. The general objective of this work was to assess the response of phytoplankton and their environmental drivers to the passage of hurricanes (strongest tropical cyclones) in the North Atlantic in the period 1998-2019. Methods: They were used satellite observations and outputs of mathematical models as data sources since the extreme meteorological conditions associated with these phenomena limit the collection of field data. Results: They were characterized the phytoplankton response as well as their environmental drivers (e.g., sea surface temperature, depth of the mixed layer, upwelling, marine currents) to the passage of hurricanes across the waters of the Exclusive Economic Zone of Cuba, the Gulf of Mexico and the Sargasso Sea. In general, hurricanes induce a significant increase of the phytoplankton biomass and diversity in the oligotrophic environments in the North Atlantic, due to the increased nutrient concentrations, which fuel their photosynthesis. Additionally, the horizontal transport of coastal waters induced by these phenomena leads to a fertilization of the oligotrophic environments enhancing the ecological connectivity in the region. Conclusions: Hurricanes can be seen as drivers of the phytoplankton productivity and diversity in the North Atlantic. The results obtained are an important baseline to guide and stimulate future research on climate change, ecology and/or environment in the region.

RESUMEN Introducción: El aumento de la temperatura oceánica asociado al cambio climático ha incrementado la actividad de los ciclones tropicales a nivel global. Estos fenómenos meteorológicos inducen perturbaciones fisicoquímicas en los océanos con profundas implicaciones para las comunidades de fitoplancton. Los últimos son microorganismos fotosintéticos flotantes que constituyen la base de las redes tróficas oceánicas, modulan procesos climáticos y ciclos biogeoquímicos e influencian los rendimientos pesqueros. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo general evaluar la respuesta del fitoplancton y sus impulsores ambientales al paso de huracanes (ciclones tropicales más intensos) en el Atlántico Norte en el período 1998-2019. Métodos: Se utilizaron observaciones satelitales y salidas de modelos matemáticos como fuentes de datos ya que las condiciones meteorológicas extremas asociadas a estos fenómenos limitan la adquisición de los datos de campo. Resultados: Se caracterizó la respuesta del fitoplancton y sus impulsores ambientales (temperatura superficial del mar, profundidad de la capa mezclada, surgencia, corrientes marinas, entre otros) al paso de huracanes en las aguas de la Zona Económica Exclusiva de Cuba, el Golfo de México y el Mar de los Sargazos. Los huracanes provocan el incremento significativo de la biomasa del fitoplancton y de la diversidad de sus comunidades en los ambientes oligotróficos del Atlántico Norte debido al incremento de la concentración de nutrientes que estimula su actividad fotosintética. El transporte horizontal de aguas costeras inducido por estos fenómenos contribuye a fertilizar los ambientes oligotróficos potenciando la conectividad ecológica en la región. Conclusiones: Los huracanes pueden ser considerados impulsores de la productividad y diversidad del fitoplancton en el Atlántico Norte. Los resultados obtenidos son importantes pues brindan una línea base para el desarrollo de futuras investigaciones sobre cambio climático, ecología y medio ambiente en la región.

Abstract Food allergy is an adverse reaction to certain foods that have demonstrated "immunological mechanisms"; therefore, this term covers both food allergies mediated or not by immunoglobulin E (IgE). The common pathophysiological mechanism among forms of allergy to foods mediated or not by IgE is found in the failure of clinical and immunological tolerance towards that food. The induction and maintenance of immunological tolerance depends on the active generation of regulatory T cells specific for food antigens. This process is influenced by genetic factors (FOXP3 genes) and epigenetic factors conditioned by the environment (diet, microbiota, and their products). Since the intestinal microbiome can normally promote oral tolerance, current evidence suggests that perturbations of the microbiome may correlate, or even predispose, with food allergy. Understanding the pathogenic mechanism underlying IgE-mediated food allergies allows the implementation of measures aimed at restoring clinical and immunological tolerance. Knowledge of the mechanisms of food allergy will improve the outlook for patients with more severe immediate food allergies and anaphylaxis, as well as those who have comorbidities (atopic dermatitis, eosinophilic esophagitis and EGEIDs).

Resumen La alergia alimentaria es una reacción adversa a ciertos los alimentos que han demostrado "mecanismos inmunológicos”; por lo tanto, este término abarca tanto las alergias alimentarias mediadas o no por la inmunoglobulina E (IgE). El mecanismo fisiopatológico común entre las formas de alergia a alimentos mediadas o no por IgE se encuentra en la falla de la tolerancia clínica e inmunológica hacia ese alimento. La inducción y el mantenimiento de la tolerancia inmunológica depende de la generación activa de células T reguladoras específicas para antígenos alimentarios. Este proceso está influenciado por factores genéticos (genes FOXP3) y epigenéticos condicionados por el medio ambiente (dieta, microbiota y sus productos). Puesto que el microbioma intestinal normalmente puede promover la tolerancia oral, la evidencia actual sugiere que las perturbaciones del microbioma pueden correlacionarse, o incluso predisponer, con la alergia alimentaria. Comprender el mecanismo patógeno subyacente a las alergias alimentarias mediadas por IgE permite implementar las medidas destinadas a restaurar la tolerancia clínica e inmunológica. El conocimiento de los mecanismos de la alergia alimentaria mejorará la perspectiva de los pacientes con alergias alimentarias inmediatas más graves y la anafilaxia, además de quienes tienes tienen enfermedades concomitantes (dermatitis atópica, esofagitis eosinofílica y los EGEID).

ABSTRACT Starting from a critical analysis of gender transgression, we demonstrate the applicability of the transgres-sion/limit nexus in the analysis of social life. The presentation of three analytical possibilities, visible in the biographical events that introduced disruptions or imbalances in the life course of a sub-sample of interviews of non-binary people - i.e., who do not identify exclusively with femininity or masculinity - living in Portu-gal and in the United Kingdom, allows us to discuss the foundations of gender and its relationship with power. We advance a proposal that enables us to understand and explain social reality in a more solid way by addressing two social facts: to transgress and to limit. We identify the essential premises in this approach and conclude with four deepening lines, which can be further developed in the analysis of other spheres of social life.

RÉSUMÉ En partant d’une analyse critique de la transgression du genre, nous démontrons l’applicabilité du lien trans-gression/limite dans l’analyse de la vie sociale. La présentation de trois possibilités analytiques évidentes dans les événements biographiques qui ont introduit des perturbations ou des déséquilibres dans le parcours de vie d’un sous-échantillon de personnes non binaires - c’est-à-dire qui ne s’identifient pas exclusivement à la féminité ou à la masculinité - vivant au Portugal et au Royaume-Uni, nous permet de discuter des fondements du genre et de sa relation avec le pouvoir. Nous avançons une proposition qui nous permet de comprendre et d’expliquer la réalité sociale de manière plus robuste à travers l’appréhension de deux faits sociaux : transgresser et limiter. Nous identifions les prémisses essentielles de cette approche et concluons avec quatre lignes d’approfondissement, qui peu-vent être développées dans l’analyse d’autres sphères de la vie en société.

RESUMO Partindo de uma análise crítica da transgressão de género, demonstramos a aplicabilidade do constructo transgressão/limite na análise da vida social. A apresentação de três possibilidades analíticas patentes nos eventos biográficos que introduziram disrupções ou desequilíbrios no curso de vida de uma subamostra de pessoas não binárias - i.e., que não se identificam exclusivamente com a feminilidade ou a masculinidade - a residir em Portugal e no Reino Unido, permite-nos discutir as fundações do género e a sua relação com o poder. Avançamos com uma proposta que permite compreender e explicar a realidade social de uma forma mais robusta através da apreensão de dois factos sociais: transgredir e limitar. Identificamos as premissas inerentes a esta abordagem e concluímos com quatro linhas de aprofundamento, passíveis de desenvolvimento na análise de outras esferas da vida em sociedade.

Abstract In this study, we sought to understand how the teaching-learning process of students with Intellectual Development Disorder (IDD) is processed, in particular to know the pedagogical concepts and practices that teachers develop, in order to promote reading skills and autonomy as these skills are critical to facilitate integration into societal life. Framing an interpretive paradigm, the case study focused on data collection techniques comprising document research, interviews and naturalistic observations. In general terms, the most significant results underline the importance of the special education teacher in the intervention and inclusion of students with IDD, the need for greater collaboration between teachers and technicians and the evident relationship between functional reading and the development of personal and social autonomy.

Résumé Dans la présente étude, nous avons cherché à comprendre comment le processus d'enseignement-apprentissage des élèves ayant une Perturbation du Développement Intellectuel (PDI) se déroule, en particulier, connaître les concepts et les pratiques pédagogiques que les enseignants développent, afin de favoriser les compétences en lecture et l'autonomie qui facilitent l'intégration dans la vie active. Encadrant un paradigme interprétatif, l'étude de cas réalisée a privilégié la recherche documentaire, les entretiens et les observations naturalistes comme techniques de recueil de données. De manière générale, les résultats les plus significatifs soulignent l'importance de l'Éducateur Spécialisé (ÉS) dans l'intervention et l'inclusion des élèves avec PDI, la nécessité d'une plus grande collaboration entre enseignants et techniciens et l’évidente relation entre la lecture fonctionnelle et le développement de l'autonomie personnelle et sociale.

Resume En el presente estudio se buscó entender cómo se procesa la enseñanza-aprendizaje de los alumnos con perturbación del desarrollo intelectual (PDI), en particular conocer las concepciones y las prácticas pedagógicas que los profesores desarrollan, en el sentido de promover competencias lectoras y de autonomía facilitadoras de la integración en la vida activa. Dentro de un paradigma interpretativo, el estudio de caso realizado privilegió como técnicas de recoja de dados la pesquisa documental, la realización de entrevistas y de observaciones naturalistas. En general, los resultados significativos refieren la importancia del profesor de educación especial (PEE) en la intervención e inclusión de alumnos con PDI, la necesidad de mayor colaboración entre profesores y técnicos y la relación clara entre la lectura funcional y el desarrollo personal y social.

Resumo No presente estudo procurou-se compreender como se processa o ensino-aprendizagem de alunos com Perturbação de Desenvolvimento Intelectual (PDI), em particular conhecer as conceções e as práticas pedagógicas que os docentes desenvolvem, no sentido de promover competências leitoras e de autonomia facilitadoras da integração na vida ativa. Enquadrando-se num paradigma interpretativo, o estudo de caso realizado privilegiou como técnicas de recolha de dados a pesquisa documental e a realização de entrevistas e de observações naturalistas. Em termos gerais, os resultados mais significativos sublinham a importância do professor de educação especial (PEE) na intervenção e inclusão de alunos com PDI, a necessidade de maior colaboração entre docentes e técnicos e a relação evidente entre a leitura funcional e o desenvolvimento da autonomia pessoal e social.

Abstract This paper presents an effective and novel design procedure employing a novelty named as Perturbation Factor to predict the resonance frequency of resonant cavities in SIW technology perturbed by a shape perturbation. The design procedure can be applied in tunable cavities and bandpass filters with shunt reactance of symmetrical inductive window, and regarding the application technologies, rectangular waveguide resonators and resonant cavities in SIW can be employed due to the equivalence of operation between both technologies. Its straightforward application allows a frequency variation of up to 20% using only one metal post which allows the reduction of the fabrication cost and the preservation of the frequency response across the considered bandwidth. To validate the design procedure, two resonant cavities were fabricated, a rectangular resonant cavity designed to operate at 5.0 GHz and 6.0 GHz and a square resonant cavity designed to operate at 6.0 GHz and 7.2 GHz, and frequency variations of 17.74% and 21.81% were obtained for the rectangular and square cavities, respectively. Still regarding the reached results, was verified a mean error of 1.75% for the predicted resonance frequency, which validates the design procedure. The experimental results are in good agreement with the full-wave computational results and electromagnetic theory. perturbation window technologies 20 bandwidth fabricated 50 5 0 5. 60 6 6. 72 7 2 7. 1774 17 74 17.74 2181 21 81 21.81 respectively 175 1 75 1.75 fullwave full wave theory 177 17.7 218 8 21.8 1.7 17. 21. 1.

ABSTRACT The solution of the differential equation that represents the radial flow towards a well in a free aquifer in a permanent and nonlinear regime was initially proposed by Pérez Franco according to the binomial flow law which, not being integrated in quadratures, said author proposes a solution based on physical considerations that was verified in practice with appropriate results. On the other hand, Bravo Castillero obtained two solutions, the first one coinciding with the results obtained by Pérez Franco and the second one, making an asymptotic approximation by means of the method of regular perturbations. However, the author previously proposed a solution based on the works of Huyakorn and Dudgeon, therefore, it is necessary to validate the solutions obtained by approximating the differential equation by Runge Kutta fourth order.

RESUMEN La solución de la ecuación diferencial que representa el flujo radial hacia un pozo en un acuífero libre en régimen permanente y no lineal fue propuesta en un principio por Pérez Franco según la ley binómica de flujo que, al no ser integrada en cuadraturas, dicho autor plantea una solución basada en consideraciones físicas que fue verificada en la práctica con resultados apropiados. Por otro lado, Bravo Castillero obtuvo dos soluciones, la primera que coincide con los resultados obtenidos por Pérez Franco y; la segunda, realizando una aproximación asintótica mediante el método de perturbaciones regulares. Ahora bien, el autor con anterioridad propuso una solución basándose en los trabajos de Huyakorn y Dudgeon, por lo cual, resulta necesario validar las soluciones obtenidas aproximando la ecuación diferencial por Runge Kutta cuarto orden.

Abstract Malaria, a disease of public health concern is a known cause of kidney failure, and dependence on herbal medicines for its treatment is increasing due to the high cost of drugs. So this study is designed to evaluate the ameliorating effect of ethanol extract from Salacia nitida root bark on electrolyte and renal perturbations in Plasmodium berghei-infected mice. Thirty malariainfected mice divided into five groups of six mice each and another group of six uninfected mice were used for the study. 280, 430, and 580 mg/kg of extract were given to infected mice in groups B, C, and D, 4 mg/kg of artesunate given to group E mice, and 4 ml/kg of physiological saline given to group A and uninfected group F mice for five days. Serum Na+, K+, HCO3, Cl-, TB, urea, creatinine, BUN concentrations, and BUN/creatinine ratio were determined using standard methods. Results showed significant increases (p < 0.05) in Na+, K+, and HCO3 and decreases in Cl-, TB, urea, creatinine, BUN, and BUN/creatinine ratio in the infected treated mice in groups B - E. This study showed that ethanol extract of S. nitida root bark is efficient in the treatment of renal disorders and blood electrolyte perturbations. Malaria failure drugs bergheiinfected berghei 280 430 58 mgkg mg kg C D mlkg ml days Na Na+ K K+ HCO Cl, Cl , Cl- TB urea creatinine concentrations BUNcreatinine methods p 0.05 005 0 05 S 28 43 5 0.0 00 2 0.

Abstract The Lange glacier is an outlet glacier situated in the Admiralty Bay, King George Island, Peninsula Antarctica. It retreated about 1 km since the 1950s. Although recent observations do not show any significant change at the ice-ocean margin, it is not clear whether this glacier has reached a new steady state or whether it is still adjusting to new climate conditions. By combining a three-dimensional glacier model with satellite and in-situ datasets, we investigate the sensitivity of Lange glacier to perturbations in flow rate factor, friction coefficient, surface mass balance, and calving front position. The (time-dependent) perturbation experiments show that the glacier is more sensitive to changes in surface mass balance and in flow rate factor. These results suggest that the climate variability of this region plays an important role on the glacier’s dynamics, and that measurements of englacial temperature will improve the reliability of future modeling efforts. Our model shows that the position of the ice front exerts a strong control on the glacier flux. In our time-dependent simulation, the impacts of the observed front retreat on the glacier’s dynamics persist beyond the present date. This suggests that Lange is likely still adjusting to past perturbations at its terminus. Bay Island Antarctica 1950s s iceocean ocean margin conditions threedimensional three dimensional insitu situ datasets factor coefficient timedependent time dependent (time-dependent glaciers efforts flux simulation date terminus

Les étudiants d'université étaient considérés comme une population vulnérable, car ils devaient non seulement faire face à des niveaux élevés de problèmes de santé mentale et de détresse financière, mais aussi relever des défis académiques lors de la transition vers l'apprentissage en ligne pendant la pandémie de Covid-19. Ainsi, la nature tumultueuse de la pandémie, les mesures de confinement et les perturbations qui en ont découlé ont imposé un fardeau énorme aux étudiants. Cette étude, qui s'appuie sur des méthodologies de recherche qualitative, visait à explorer les défis auxquels les étudiants ont été confrontés à travers le regard de stagiaires en travail social affectés à une université de technologie pendant la pandémie. L'étude a utilisé un échantillonnage raisonné pour recruter les praticiens, et a exploré les mesures de soutien nécessaires pour améliorer le bien-être des étudiants pendant la pandémie. Les données ont été collectées via des entretiens semi-structurés et une analyse thématique a été effectuée. L'étude a révélé que les étudiants ont rencontré un ensemble de problèmes psychologiques, ainsi que des expériences de stigmatisation et d'isolement pendant la quarantaine, ce qui a conduit les participants à demander la reconstruction de l'espace universitaire en un espace plus favorable au soutien.

University students were regarded as a vulnerable population as they not only had to endure significant levels of mental health problems and financial distress, but also academic challenges in the transition to online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic. Hence, the tumultuous nature of the pandemic and consequent sheltering as well as other disruptions placed an enormous burden on students. Using qualitative research methodologies, this study sought to explore the challenges faced by students through the lens of social work interns who were placed at a university of technology during the pandemic. Using purposive sampling to recruit the practitioners, the study explored what support measures were necessary to enhance the well-being of students during the pandemic. Data were collected via semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. The study found that students encountered an array of psychological problems, together with experiences of stigma and isolation whilst in quarantine, which led the sample to call for the reconstruction of the university space into a more supportive one.

Resumen El cáncer es una enfermedad genética compleja con opciones terapéuticas limitadas, debido a la heterogeneidad tumoral y a la aparición de multirresistencia a los fármacos. La vía metabólica de los esfingolípidos (SL) se caracteriza por ser capaz de integrar diferentes tipos de señales de estrés celular y definir la supervivencia celular. Por lo tanto, sugerimos estudiar las perturbaciones en la vía de los esfingolípidos (SLP) causadas por fármacos quimioterapéuticos utilizando un enfoque de biología de sistemas y evaluar su funcionalidad como sensor de respuesta a fármacos. Usamos un sensor de esfingomielina-BODIPY (SMBOD) para estudiar el metabolismo de SL mediante citometría de flujo e imágenes de células vivas en diferentes modelos de cáncer. Para decodificar la complejidad de la ruta, implementamos modelos de mezcla gaussianos, modelos de ecuaciones diferenciales ordinarias, algoritmos de clasificación no supervisados y un modelo de lógica difusa para evaluar su utilidad como sensor de respuesta a la quimioterapia. Nuestros resultados muestran que los fármacos quimioterapéuticos perturban la SLP de diferentes formas y de una manera específica de la línea celular. Además, encontramos que pocas características de fluorescencia de SM-BOD predicen la quimiosensibilidad con alta precisión. Finalmente, encontramos que la composición relativa de especies de SL parece contribuir a la citotoxicidad resultante de muchos tratamientos. Este informe ofrece un marco conceptual y matemático para desarrollar modelos matemáticos personalizados para predecir y mejorar la terapia del cáncer.

Resumo O câncer é uma doença genética complexa com opções terapêuticas limitadas, devido à heterogeneidade tumoral e ao aparecimento de multirresistência aos fármacos. A via metabólica dos esfingolipídeos (SP) é caracterizada por ser capaz de integrar diferentes tipos de sinais de estresse celular e definir a sobrevivência celular. Portanto, sugerimos estudar as perturbações na rota dos esfingolipídeos (SP) causadas por fármacos quimioterápicos usando uma abordagem de biologia de sistemas e avaliar sua funcionalidade como sensor de resposta a fármacos. Usamos um sensor de esfingomielina-BODIPY (SM-BOD) para estudar o metabolismo do SP por citometria de fluxo e imagens de células vivas em diferentes modelos de câncer. Para decodificar a complexidade do caminho, implementamos modelos de mistura gaussiana, modelos de equações diferenciais ordinárias, algoritmos de classificação não supervisionados e um modelo de lógica difusa para avaliar sua utilidade como sensor de resposta à quimioterapia. Nossos resultados mostram que os fármacos quimioterápicos perturbam a rota dos SP de diferentes maneiras e de maneira específica da linhagem celular. Além disso, descobrimos que poucas características de fluorescência do SM-BOD predizem a quimiossensibilidade com alta precisão. Finalmente, descobrimos que a composição relativa de espécies de SP parece contribuir para a citotoxicidade resultante de muitos tratamentos. Este relatório oferece uma estrutura conceitual e matemática para o desenvolvimento de modelos matemáticos personalizados para prever e melhorar a terapia do câncer.

Abstract Cancer is a complex genetic disease with reduced treatment alternatives due to tumor heterogeneity and drug multiresistance emergence. The sphingolipid (SL) metabolic pathway integrates different responses of cellular stress signals and defines cell survival. Therefore, we suggest studying the perturbations on the sphingolipid pathway (SLP) caused by chemotherapeutic drugs using a systems biology approach to evaluate its functionality as a drug response sensor. We used a sphingomyelin-BODIPY (SM-BOD) sensor to study SL metabolism by flow cytometry and live cell imaging in different cancer models. To decode pathway complexity, we implemented Gussian mixture models, ordinary differential equations models, unsupervised classification algorithms and a fuzzy logic approach to assess its utility as a chemotherapy response sensor. Our results show that chemotherapeutic drugs perturb the SLP in different ways in a cell line-specific manner. In addition, we found that few SM-BOD fluorescence features predict chemosensitivity with high accuracy. Finally, we found that the relative species composition of SL appears to contribute to the resulting cytotoxicity of many treatments. This report offers a conceptual and mathematical framework for developing personalized mathematical models to predict and improve cancer therapy.