BACKGROUND: Burnout in doctors is an important issue with far-reaching consequences. Community service doctors may be particularly vulnerable because of their specific roles (rural settings, junior positions and reduced supervision. AIM: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of burnout among community service doctors in South Africa (SA), the potential contributory and protective factors and the consequences thereof. SETTING: This was a national study of community service doctors in SA. METHODS: A quantitative, descriptive cross-sectional study was performed. The Maslach Burnout Inventory was used to measure burnout. The online questionnaire also included demographic data, workplace and individual characteristics. RESULTS: Of the 208 community service doctors analysed, 89% and 94% had high emotional exhaustion and depersonalisation, respectively, while 97% had a low personal accomplishment. Mental illness, financial difficulties, unmanageable volume of patients and female gender were found to be potential contributory factors. Having manageable patient volumes, satisfaction with their decision to study medicine, talking to colleagues and feeling supported by healthcare facility management were among the significant potential protective factors. Significant potential consequences of burnout included: leaving the government sector, ever being diagnosed with a mental illness, using alcohol as a coping mechanism and possible current major depression. CONCLUSION: Burnout among community service doctors in SA is highly prevalent with significant potential consequences. There are a number of modifiable possible contributory and protective factors identified that may be targets for mental health interventions. CONTRIBUTION: Healthcare burnout research is lacking in the African and specifically SA context. This void includes community service doctors.

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the prevalence of occupational burnout syndrome in employees of the Nursing Department of the Parrita Health Area of the Costa Rican Social Security Fund during 2023. Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive observational study was carried out. The instrument called Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) validated in Spanish was applied to 40 health workers. The prevalence of occupational burnout syndrome was calculated, and its three dimensions were analyzed: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment. A statistical correlation was also carried out between the signs of the syndrome and the variables included in the study. Results: The prevalence of employees with signs of occupational burnout syndrome identified was 47.5%. Forty-two-point-five percent of the employees were affected in personal achievement, 7.5% in depersonalization and 5.0% in emotional exhaustion. No statistically significant relationship was identified between the variables included in the study and the presence of signs of this syndrome. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of signs of occupational burnout syndrome in the staff of the Nursing Department of the Parrita Health Area, evidenced mainly in the dimension of personal accomplishment.

RESUMEN Objetivo: identificar la prevalencia del síndrome de desgaste ocupacional en los funcionarios del Departamento de Enfermería del Área de Salud de Parrita de la Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social durante el año 2023. Metodología: se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo trasversal. Se aplicó el instrumento denominado Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) validado al español a 40 trabajadores de la salud. Se calculó la prevalencia del síndrome de desgaste ocupacional y se analizaron sus tres dimensiones: cansancio emocional, despersonalización y realización personal. También se realizó correlación estadística entre la presencia de indicios del síndrome y las variables incluidas en el estudio. Resultados: la prevalencia de funcionarios con indicios del síndrome de desgaste ocupacional identificada fue 47,5%. El 42,5% de los funcionarios presentaron afectación en dimensión de realización personal, 7,5% en la despersonalización y 5,0% en cansancio emocional. No se identificó relación estadísticamente significativa entre las variables incluidas en el estudio y la presencia de indicios de este síndrome. Conclusión: existe una prevalencia elevada de indicios del síndrome de desgaste ocupacional en el personal del Departamento de Enfermería del Área de Salud de Parrita, evidenciado principalmente en la dimensión de la realización personal.

BACKGROUND: Healthcare providers (HCPs) are at risk of burnout in sub-Saharan Africa. However, there is little research in rural and primary care settings AIM: To evaluate burnout and its associated factors among public sector HCPs in South Africa SETTING: Primary health care clinics, community health centres and district hospitals in Nkomazi Local Municipality, Mpumalanga province METHODS: Quantitative study design using a cross-sectional survey. Healthcare providers (n = 1139) working in Nkomazi Local Municipality were invited to participate. Burnout was assessed using the Maslach Burnout Inventory. A demographic and occupational questionnaire, the General Help-Seeking Questionnaire and the Health and Safety Executive Indicator Tool were used RESULTS: A total of 302 HCPs, between 23 and 61 years, mostly female (n = 252; 83.44%) and nurses (n = 235; 77.81%) participated. High burnout was observed for Emotional Exhaustion (median score 26 [IQR {interquartile range}: 34-16]) and Personal Accomplishment (median score 29 [IQR: 34-25]). Most participants (n = 215; 71.19%) would seek help if they had an emotional problem. Bivariate analysis revealed significant associations between workplace demands, control, management support, peer support, relationships, role and change with all subscales of burnout. Multivariate regression analysis found that Personal Accomplishment improved by 0.49 (95% CI: 0.10-0.89) for every point in improved work demands, by 0.84 (95% CI: 0.01-1.67) for every point towards improved management support and by 1.19 (95% CI: 0.48-1.90) for every point towards having an improved role CONCLUSIONS: During 2022, HCPs working in a rural area in South Africa displayed high levels of burnout for Emotional Exhaustion and Personal Accomplishment but not for Depersonalisation CONTRIBUTIONS: Improvements in work demands, managerial support and role clarity may reduce burnout among HCP in a rural, primary care setting

Abstract Objective: to evaluate nursing professionals and patient safety culture during the professional performance in the care of suspected or infected patients with COVID-19. Method: a cross-sectional study carried out with 90 professionals from critical care units of two teaching hospitals. An instrument for sociodemographic characterization and health conditions was used, in addition to the constructs “Nursing professional and patient safety” and the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture. Univariate analyzes were performed between the diagnosis of COVID-19 and the characteristics of Nursing professionals, applying Kendell’s correlation between the constructs. Results: the COVID-19 diagnosis presented a significant statistical difference between nursing professionals that worked for more than six years at the critical care unit (p=0.020) and the items of the construct “Nursing professional and patient safety” regarding the doubts about how to remove the personal protective equipment (p=0.013) and safety flow (p=0,021). The dimensions 2 (p=0.003), 3 (p=0.009), 4 (p=0.013), 6 (p<0.001), and 9 (p=0.024) of the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture were associated with the accomplishment of training. Conclusion: a higher professional nursing experience time was associated with non-infection by COVID-19. The perception of the safety culture of the patient was related to the accomplishment of training.

Resumen Objetivo: evaluar la seguridad de los profesionales de enfermería y la cultura de seguridad del paciente durante su actuación profesional en el cuidado de pacientes sospechosos o con COVID-19. Método: estudio transversal realizado con 90 profesionales de unidades críticas de dos hospitales universitarios. Se utilizó un instrumento de caracterización sociodemográfica y de condiciones de salud, además de los constructos “Seguridad del profesional y del paciente” y Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture. Se realizaron análisis univariados entre el diagnóstico de COVID-19 y las características de los profesionales y se aplicó la correlación de Kendell entre los constructos. Resultados: el diagnóstico de COVID-19 mostró diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre los profesionales que actuaron por más de seis años en la unidad (p=0,020) y los ítems del constructo “Seguridad del profesional y del paciente” referentes a dudas sobre cómo retirar el Equipo de Protección Personal (p=0,013) y flujo seguro (p=0,021). Las dimensiones 2 (p=0,003), 3 (p=0,009), 4 (p=0,013), 6 (p<0,001) y 9 (p=0,024) del Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture se asociaron a la realización de formación. Conclusión: mayor tiempo de experiencia profesional de enfermería se asoció con la no infección por COVID-19. La percepción de la cultura de seguridad del paciente se relacionó con la realización de entrenamiento.

Resumo Objetivo: avaliar a segurança dos profissionais de enfermagem e a cultura de segurança do paciente durante a atuação profissional no atendimento de pacientes suspeitos ou com COVID-19. Método: estudo transversal realizado com 90 profissionais de unidades críticas de dois hospitais-escola. Foi utilizado um instrumento para caracterização sociodemográfica e condições de saúde, além dos constructos “Segurança do profissional e do paciente” e Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture. Foram realizadas análises univariadas entre o diagnóstico de COVID-19 e as características dos profissionais, aplicando-se a correlação de Kendell entre os constructos. Resultados: o diagnóstico de COVID-19 apresentou diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os profissionais que trabalhavam há mais de seis anos na unidade (p=0,020) e os itens do constructo “Segurança do profissional e do paciente” referentes às dúvidas sobre como retirar o equipamento de proteção individual (p=0,013) e fluxo seguro (p=0,021). As dimensões 2 (p=0,003), 3 (p=0,009), 4 (p=0,013), 6 (p<0,001) e 9 (p=0,024) do Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture foram associadas à realização de treinamentos. Conclusão: maior tempo de experiência profissional do profissional de enfermagem esteve associado a não infecção por COVID-19. A percepção de cultura de segurança do paciente esteve relacionada à realização de treinamentos.

BACKGROUND: Community service occupational therapists may be especially vulnerable to experiencing burnout. This study sought to determine the levels of burnout experienced by this population and to investigate the relationship between reported burnout and various contextual, personal, and demographic factors METHODS: A quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional survey design was used. The online questionnaire included contextual information of the participants and the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Data were analysed using Statistica 13.5. The effect of contextual, personal and demographic variables on burnout was tested using Kruskal-Wallis tests RESULTS: All community service occupational therapists were invited to participate in the study. A response rate of 31.92% was achieved (n=75). High levels of emotional exhaustion were reported by 55% (n=41) of participants. 'Strong' and 'adequate' support systems were associated to a greater sense of personal accomplishment (p=0.02) and 'minimal' social support was associated to increased emotional exhaustion (p=0.01). Dissatisfaction with supervision was associated to increased emotional exhaustion (p=0.017). Job satisfaction was associated to a greater sense of personal accomplishment (p=0.0002). Job dissatisfaction was associated to depersonalisation (p=0.047) and emotional exhaustion (p=0.006 CONCLUSION: Support systems, supervision and job satisfaction showed significant association to burnout. Interventions to address these factors, and research that further investigates the impact of contextual factors on burnout is recommended. This is imperative if South African occupational therapy is to take seriously its responsibility to the therapists responsible for taking services to populations with the greatest health needs Implications for practice • Opportunities for occupational therapists to develop professional resilience to prevent burnout should be offered across the lifelong learning continuum. • Strengthening supervision capacity and implementing mentoring and supervision strategies that provide mutual reward for both parties are needed. • The responsibility for promoting the vitality and job satisfaction of COSTs should be taken seriously by the Department of Health as CSOTs continue the vital work of taking rehabilitation to South Africa's populations with the greatest health needs.

Resumo O objetivo foi investigar a prevalência da síndrome de burnout (SB) em profissionais de nível superior atuantes na saúde indígena no Brasil e fatores associados. Trata-se de um estudo observacional, transversal e analítico. O questionário foi aplicado (perfil e MBI-HSS) a 513 profissionais. A presença da SB foi identificada em 65% dos profissionais. Foi verificada maior chance de exaustão emocional entre os profissionais mais novos, com mais tempo de atuação na saúde indígena, em função assistencial e com menor nível de tranquilidade ao trabalhar durante a pandemia. Mais chance de apresentar baixa realização pessoal no trabalho foi observada entre os profissionais mais velhos, com menos tempo de atuação na saúde indígena, que estavam em atendimento clínico durante a pandemia e que relataram menor nível de tranquilidade ao trabalhar durante a pandemia. Maior chance de despersonificação em profissionais casados, em atendimento clínico durante a pandemia e com menor nível de tranquilidade ao trabalhar durante a pandemia. O estudo contribui com uma importante avaliação da existência de preditores da SB nos profissionais atuantes na saúde indígena.

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of burnout syndrome in higher education health professionals working in indigenous health in Brazil, and to identify associated factors. This is an observational, analytical, and cross-sectional study. Data collection was based on the application of a questionnaire (personal profile and MBI-HSS) and included 513 professionals. The prevalence of burnout was 65%. Greater likelihood of emotional exhaustion was observed among younger professionals, who had worked in indigenous health for longer time, in the care function and with lower level of tranquility when working during the pandemic. Lower likelihood of having low personal accomplishment at work was observed among older professionals, professionals who had worked in indigenous health for shorter time, who worked in clinical care during the pandemic and those with lower level of tranquility when working during the pandemic. Greater likelihood of depersonalization was found among married professionals, who worked in clinical care during the pandemic and those with lower level of tranquility when working during the pandemic. This study contributes with an important assessment of the existence of BS predictors in health professionals working in indigenous health.

Resumo O objetivo foi investigar a prevalência da síndrome de burnout (SB) em profissionais de nível superior atuantes na saúde indígena no Brasil e fatores associados. Trata-se de um estudo observacional, transversal e analítico. O questionário foi aplicado (perfil e MBI-HSS) a 513 profissionais. A presença da SB foi identificada em 65% dos profissionais. Foi verificada maior chance de exaustão emocional entre os profissionais mais novos, com mais tempo de atuação na saúde indígena, em função assistencial e com menor nível de tranquilidade ao trabalhar durante a pandemia. Mais chance de apresentar baixa realização pessoal no trabalho foi observada entre os profissionais mais velhos, com menos tempo de atuação na saúde indígena, que estavam em atendimento clínico durante a pandemia e que relataram menor nível de tranquilidade ao trabalhar durante a pandemia. Maior chance de despersonificação em profissionais casados, em atendimento clínico durante a pandemia e com menor nível de tranquilidade ao trabalhar durante a pandemia. O estudo contribui com uma importante avaliação da existência de preditores da SB nos profissionais atuantes na saúde indígena.

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of burnout syndrome in higher education health professionals working in indigenous health in Brazil, and to identify associated factors. This is an observational, analytical, and cross-sectional study. Data collection was based on the application of a questionnaire (personal profile and MBI-HSS) and included 513 professionals. The prevalence of burnout was 65%. Greater likelihood of emotional exhaustion was observed among younger professionals, who had worked in indigenous health for longer time, in the care function and with lower level of tranquility when working during the pandemic. Lower likelihood of having low personal accomplishment at work was observed among older professionals, professionals who had worked in indigenous health for shorter time, who worked in clinical care during the pandemic and those with lower level of tranquility when working during the pandemic. Greater likelihood of depersonalization was found among married professionals, who worked in clinical care during the pandemic and those with lower level of tranquility when working during the pandemic. This study contributes with an important assessment of the existence of BS predictors in health professionals working in indigenous health.

Resumen En el desarrollo Síndrome de burnout en los profesionales de enfermería juegan un papel importante las características de las organizaciones sanitarias. Recientemente ,se han introducido nuevos conceptos como el empoderamiento estructural y psicológico como factores protectores del desgaste profesional, si bien los resultados de dichos trabajos ofrecen resultados heterogéneos. Objetivo: Realizar una revisión bibliográfica narrativa de las relaciones entre el Síndrome de Burnout y el Empoderamiento Profesional a partir de literatura científica (2010-2020)publicada en las principales bases de datos de Ciencias de la Salud. Resultados: Se han incluido 29 publicaciones en la revisión. Los estudios analizados indican que ambos tipos de empoderamiento guardan una relación inversa con el Síndrome de Burnout, con la intervención de variables personales y organizacionales. Agotamiento emocional y Despersonalización se asocian con la percepción de bajos recursos y soporte. La baja realización personal en el trabajo está influida por la percepción de significado y competencia. Incrementar el Empoderamiento Organizacional, puede contribuir disminuir los niveles de Burnout en profesionales de Enfermería.

Abstract: In the development of Burnout Syndrome in nursing professionals, the characteristics of health organizations play an important role. Recently, new concepts such as structural and psychological empowerment have been introduced as protective factors against professional burnout, although the results of these works offer heterogeneous results. Objective: Make a narrative bibliographical review on the interaction between Burnout's Syndrome and Professional Empowerment considering scientific literature (2010-2020) published in the main databases of Health Sciences. Results: There are 29 publications included in the review. Both types of empowerment are inversely related to Burnout Syndrome, taking into consideration personal and organizational variables. Emotional exhaustion and Depersonalization are associated with a perception of low Resources and Support. Personal Accomplishment at work is influenced by perception of Meaning and Competence Increasement of Organizational Empowerment can contribute to reducing Burnout levels among nursing professionals.

BACKGROUND: Burnout is a psychological syndrome resulting from exposure to chronic work-related stress. There are, however, a few works of literature on burnout among trainee doctors in Nigeria AIM: To determine the prevalence of burnout and its predictors among resident doctors across 16 medical specialties and/or subspecialties SETTING: The University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH), Ilorin, Nigeria METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 176 resident doctors between October 2020 and January 2021. The survey included the Proforma and Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey for Medical Personnel (MBI-HSS MP RESULTS: The mean age of participants was 35.10 (SD 4.07) years. The prevalence of burnout was 21.6% for high emotional exhaustion (EE), 13.6% for high depersonalization (DP), and 30.7% for low personal accomplishment (PA). Being a younger resident doctor aged 31-35 (OR = 3.715, 95% CI [1.270 - 10.871]) was the only significant predictor for the EE. Predictors of DP included the age group 31-35 years (OR = 7.143, 95% CI [2.297 - 22.216]), duty hours >50 hours per week (OR = 2.984, 95% CI [1.203 - 7.401]), and presence of work-related stress (OR = 3.701, 95% CI [1.315 - 10.421]). A good relationship with colleagues negatively predicted low PA (OR = 0.221, 95% CI [0.086 - 0.572 CONCLUSION: High levels of burnout are prevalent among resident doctors, comparable to international studies. Therefore, the government and other relevant stakeholders must drive legislation and formulate policies toward addressing the work-related factors associated with burnout in the Nigerian healthcare industry CONTRIBUTION: This study highlighted the determinants of burnout among Nigerian resident doctors, which necessitates targeted interventions to address them

ABSTRACT The use of antiretroviral therapy to treat HIV infection may condition the long-term occurrence of various complications and pathologies, which can affect not only quality of life but also the need to modify the patient's treatment regimen. The development achieved in the field of vaccines makes them an effective option for the treatment of HIV in the future. At the Institute of Tropical Medicine, two clinical trials have been developed with the participation of nurses in the period 2010-2019: the therapeutic vaccine candidate for HIV TERAVAC HIV-1 and the immunopotentiator vaccine candidate NacGM3. The aim of the study was to describe the activities accomplishment of nursing professionals in clinical trials with therapeutic vaccine candidates. Each clinical trials had particularities defined in protocol. Sixteen nurses participated, using subcutaneous parenteral administration of the vaccine candidate products and intranasal simultaneous administration of TERAVAC HIV-1. The latter trial lasted 40 weeks, with six applications. In case of NAcGM3/ VSSP vaccine candidate, vaccination was carried out for one year, applying 15 doses. In both cases, an observance guide related to clinical symptomatology, identification and treatment of adverse reactions, observance of biosafety and good clinical practices monitored nursing activities. The nursing protocols were complied totally with the participation of the 16 nurses. The interaction in the protocols was carried out with 200 patients, with 120 patients completing the studies. The data observed integrated the final report of the studies for regulatory (CECMED) and coordinators centers (CENCEC). The administration of each candidate constituted for the nursing staff one of the major responsibilities they assumed in their interaction with the patient, as well as other clinical essential actions for the performance of the trials.

RESUMEN El uso de la terapia antirretroviral para tratar la infección por VIH puede condicionar la aparición a largo plazo de diversas complicaciones y patologías afectando no solo la calidad de vida sino también la necesidad de modificar el esquema de tratamiento del paciente. El desarrollo alcanzado en el campo de vacunas, hacen de estas una opción eficaz para el tratamiento de VIH en el futuro. En el Instituto de Medicina Tropical, se han desarrollado dos ensayos clínicos con la participación de enfermería en el período 2010-2019 con el candidato vacunal de acción terapéutica para VIH TERAVAC VIH-1 y el candidato vacunal inmunopotenciador NacGM3. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue describir el cumplimiento de las actividades de los profesionales de enfermería en los ensayos clínicos realizados con los candidatos vacunales. Cada ensayo clínico tuvo particularidades definidas en el protocolo. Participaron un total de 16 enfermeras, empleándose la administración parenteral de los productos vacunales por vía subcutánea y una coadministración por vía intranasal en TERAVAC VIH-1. Este último ensayo duró 40 semanas, realizándose seis aplicaciones. Con el producto vacunal NAcGM3/ VSSP la vacunación se realizó durante un año, aplicando 15 dosis. En ambos las actividades de enfermería relacionadas con observancia de sintomatología clínica, bioseguridad, buenas prácticas clínicas e identificación y tratamiento de reacciones adversas fueron monitoreadas con una guía de observación. Las acciones protocolizadas se realizaron en su totalidad. La interacción en los protocolos se realizó con un total de 200 pacientes, culminando los estudios 120. Los datos observados conformaron el informe final de los estudios para los centros coordinadores (CENCEC) y regulatorios cubanos (CECMED). La administración de cada candidato constituyó para el personal de enfermería una de las mayores responsabilidades que asumió en su interacción con el paciente, así como otras acciones clínicas esenciales para el desempeño de los ensayos.

BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic placed immense pressure on frontline doctors. Burnout is a psychological syndrome that develops in response to chronic work stress. It consists of emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalisation (DP) and reduced personal accomplishment (PA). Burnout is associated with personal dysfunction and compromises the work profession and patient safety. International studies suggest burnout is exacerbated during a pandemic METHODS: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional observational study. Respondents included frontline doctors working in emergency medicine, family medicine and internal medicine during COVID-19 in Tshwane public hospitals. The survey included two validated questionnaires, the Maslach Burnout Inventory and the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale-21. The aim was to determine the prevalence and severity of burnout, psychological and somatic symptoms in frontline doctors RESULTS: Of the 163 participants, we found clinical burnout to be present in 58.9% (n = 96) and extreme burnout in 19.6% (n = 32). Moderate to extremely severe levels of stress, anxiety and depression were present in 55.1% (n = 90), 43.6% (n = 71) and 22.1% (n = 36) of participants, respectively. We found significant correlations between burnout and psychological symptoms. Increased levels of burnout, anxiety, depression and stress were found to be meaningfully associated with adverse somatic symptoms CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrated an insufferably high prevalence of burnout and psychosomatic symptoms in frontline doctors during COVID-19. In the event of future pandemics, more measures should be taken to support frontline doctors CONTRIBUTION: Pandemic-associated burnout and its psychophysical consequences have not been studied in frontline doctors in South Africa

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate Burnout Syndrome and empathy self-reported by the nursing staff and empathy perceived by the patient. Method: Cross-sectional study in a public emergency unit in São Paulo (from October/2020 to March/2021). The nursing staff answered the Maslach Burnout Inventory and the Consultation and Relational Empathy Measure-Nurses (Brazilian version), whereas adult patients answered the Consultation and Relational Empathy Measure (Brazilian version). Descriptive and inferential analysis, with a 5% significance level. Results: A total of 92 professionals and 271 patients participated. Most professionals reported impact of COVID-19 (80; 86.96%) and, among them, increased Burnout Syndrome (93; 75%), but with low emotional exhaustion (71; 74%), low depersonalization (59; 78%) and high level of professional accomplishment (72; 83%). Most reported impact and increased empathy, and the results reported by professionals and patients (mean and standard deviation) were: 39.89 (6.44) and 38.25 (9.45), respectively. Conclusion: The professionals reported a low level of Burnout Syndrome and a high level of empathy in pandemic.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Investigar el Síndrome de Burnout y la empatía auto-reportada por el personal de enfermería y la empatía percibida por el paciente. Método: Estudio transversal en un Servicio de Urgencias público de São Paulo (de octubre/2020 a marzo/2021). El personal de enfermería respondió al Maslach Burnout Inventory y al Consultation and Relational Empathy Measure-Nurses (versión brasileña), y los pacientes adultos, al Consultation and Relational Empathy Measure (versión brasileña). Análisis descriptivo e inferencial, con nivel de significancia del 5%. Resultados: Noventa y dos profesionales y 271 pacientes participaron. La mayoría de los profesionales informó impacto de la COVID-19 (80; 86,96%) y, entre ellos, aumento del Síndrome de Burnout (93; 75%), pero con bajo agotamiento emocional (71; 74%), baja despersonalización (59; 78%) y alto nivel de realización profesional (72; 83%). La mayoría refirió impacto y aumento de la empatía, cuyos resultados referidos por profesionales y pacientes (media y desviación estándar) fueron: 39,89 (6,44) y 38,25 (9,45), respectivamente. Conclusión: Los profesionales informaron bajo nivel de Síndrome de Burnout y alto nivel de empatía en la pandemia.

RESUMO Objetivo: Investigar Síndrome de Burnout e empatia autorreferida pela equipe de enfermagem e empatia percebida pelo paciente. Método: Estudo transversal em Pronto-Socorro público de São Paulo (de outubro/2020 a março/2021). A equipe de enfermagem respondeu o Maslach Burnout Inventory e o Consultation and Relational Empathy Measure-Nurses (versão brasileira), e os pacientes adultos, o Consultation and Relational Empathy Measure (versão brasileira). Análise descritiva e inferencial, com nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: Participaram 92 profissionais e 271 pacientes. A maioria dos profissionais relatou impacto da COVID-19 (80; 86,96%) e, entre eles, aumento da Síndrome de Burnout (93; 75%), porém com baixa exaustão emocional (71; 74%), baixa despersonalização (59; 78%) e alto nível de realização profissional (72; 83%). A maioria relatou impacto e aumento da empatia, cujos resultados reportados pelos profissionais e pacientes (média e desvio-padrão) foram: 39,89 (6,44) e 38,25 (9,45), respectivamente. Conclusão: Os profissionais reportaram baixo nível da Síndrome de Burnout e alto nível de empatia na pandemia.

ABSTRACT Background. Healthcare professionals are exposed to an occupational phenomenon as a result of chronic stress in the workplace called burnout syndrome (BOS). Burnout has become one of the most important psychosocial occupational hazards today and generates significant health care costs. Objectives. The aim of our study was to evaluate the subjective perception of the prevalence of BOS among cardiologists of the Argentine Society of Cardiology (SAC) using Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), and the differences between sexes. Methods. We conducted an observational, cross-sectional study using an anonymous survey distributed among specialists of the SAC register in April 2023. The information collected included the subjective impression of BOS (feeling "burned out"), sex, age and years of practice. The participants could optionally complete the MBI (subscales) to establish the diagnosis of BOS. Results. A total of 756 professionals participated in the survey; 51.4% were women. Sixty-two percent of the participants were >40 years old, and 61 % had been practicing medicine for more than 10 years. Of all the physicians surveyed, 94.4% completed the MBI, with women more likely to do so than men (96.6% vs. 91.3%, p < 0.001). The prevalence of BOS, assessed by a high MBI score (≥ 67), was 75%, while 69% reported feeling burned out (p < 0.001). Of those who felt burned out (69 %), 96.8 % completed the MBI, and 78% of them received a diagnosis of BOS based on high MBI scores. Of the 31 % who did not feel burned out, 89.3 % completed the MBI. Burnout syndrome was diagnosed in the emotional exhaustion subscale in 24 %, in the depersonalization subscale in 18%, and in the personal accomplishment subscale in 10%. The diagnosis of BOS made by high MBI score was more common in survey participants under 40 years than in older participants (50 % vs. 28 %, p < 0.001) and in professionals who have been practicing medicine for less than 10 years (45 % vs. 20 % in those with more years of practice, p < 0.001). Women were more likely to experience BOS according to their own perception (77 % vs. 56 %, p < 0.001) and MBI score (80 % vs. 74 %, p < 0.001), specifically in the emotional exhaustion (37 % vs. 29 %, p < 0.001) and personal accomplishment (37 % vs. 41 %, p < 0.001) subscales, with No differences by sex in the depersonalization sphere. Conclusion. Burnout syndrome was found to be prevalent among the surveyed cardiologists, particularly in female participants, as indicated by both their own perception and the MBI assessment. In addition, 1 out of 4 professionals surveyed who did not feel "burned out" tested positive for BOS. Given the high prevalence of BOS among cardiologists, coordinated and sustained prevention and intervention actions should be undertaken to change this reality that negatively impacts both patient and physician health.

RESUMEN Introducción. Los profesionales de la salud se encuentran expuestos a un fenómeno ocupacional que resulta del estrés crónico en el ámbito laboral llamado síndrome de burnout (SBO). Este se ha convertido en uno de los riesgos laborales psicosociales más importantes en la sociedad actual y genera costos significativos en el ámbito de la salud. Objetivos. Evaluar la prevalencia de SBO por percepción subjetiva y mediante la aplicación del inventario del síndrome del Desgaste Ocupacional “Burnout” de Maslach (MBI) en los especialistas de cardiología del padrón de la Sociedad Argentina de Cardiología (SAC), y las diferencias acordes al sexo. Material y métodos. Estudio observacional, de corte transversal, mediante una encuesta anónima realizada en abril de 2023 a los especialistas del padrón SAC. Se recabaron datos sobre impresión subjetiva de SBO (sentirse “quemado”), sexo, edad, tiempo de ejercicio profesional. Fue opcional completar el inventario MBI (subescalas) para establecer el diagnóstico de burnout. Resultados. Participaron 756 profesionales, 51,4 % fueron mujeres. El 62 % tenían más de 40 años y el 61 % tenía más de 10 años de ejercicio profesional. Del total de médicos encuestados, el 94,4 % eligió realizar el test de Maslach (MBI), siendo esto más frecuente en las mujeres (96,6 % vs 91,3 %, p < 0,001). La prevalencia de SBO por un MBI de alto puntaje (≥67puntos) fue del 75 % y la prevalencia de percepción de SBO fue del 69 % (p < 0,001). De los que se autopercibieron “quemados” (69 %), el 96,8 % contestó el inventario MBI y se confirmó el diagnóstico de SBO por MBI de alto puntaje en el 78 %. De los que se autopercibieron “no quemados” (31 %), el 89,3 % completó el inventario MBI con diagnóstico de SBO en la subescala cansancio emocional (24 %), despersonalización (18 %) y realización personal (10 %) más allá de no tener la impresión subjetiva de estar “quemado”. Los menores de 40 años tuvieron más SBO por MBI de alto puntaje (50 % vs 28 %, p= 0,001) al igual que los profesionales con menos de 10 años en el ejercicio de su profesión (45 % vs 20 % en aquellos con tiempo mayor, p < 0,001). El SBO fue más prevalente en las mujeres que en los hombres, tanto por autopercepción (77 % vs 56 %, p < 0,001) como por el inventario de Maslach (80 % vs 74 %, p=0,001), específicamente en la subescala agotamiento emocional (37 % vs 29 %; p < 0,001) y realización personal (37 % vs 41 %, p < 0,001), sin diferencias por sexo en la esfera de despersonalización. Conclusión. El SBO tiene alta prevalencia entre los cardiólogos encuestados, principalmente en mujeres, tanto por autopercepción como por aplicación del inventario MBI. Por otro lado 1 de cada 4 profesionales encuestados que no se autopercibían “quemados” tuvieron un test positivo para SBO. Teniendo en cuenta la alta prevalencia de SBO entre los especialistas en cardiología es imperioso realizar acciones de prevención e intervención concertadas y sostenidas para transformar esta realidad que impacta desfavorablemente tanto en la salud de los pacientes como en la de los propios médicos.

Abstract This article intends to determine the perceptions of the English teaching staff from different Regional Directions of MEP and representatives from the CONARE’s Interuniversities Comission about the educational management defined to develop the MEP-CONARE linguistic training between 2015-2018. The investigation method of this article is based on the mixed approach principles, applying questionnaires to the English teaching staff who participated in the training and interviews to representatives of the CONARE’s Interuniversities Comission. The compiled data was verified developing an analysis of the legal document of the agreement signed by the Minister of Education and the President of CONARE. Among the main findings of this research, a weakness regarding the communication of the goals and purposes of the agreement was identified, but the accomplishment of the proposed objectives was ensured through a periodical evaluation of the activities. It is concluded that to guarantee the success of an agreement of this nature, it is necessary to offer a space for dialogue to explain the linguistic objectives of the training and the goals of the agreement at the country level, applying a strategic organizational communication that enables and ensures a real commitment from the teaching staff.

Resumen En este artículo se pretende determinar las percepciones del personal docente de inglés de distintas Direccionales Regionales del Ministerio de Educación Pública (MEP) y representantes de la Comisión Interuniversitaria del Consejo Nacional de Rectores (CONARE) acerca de la gestión educativa definida para desarrollar las capacitaciones lingüísticas MEP-CONARE entre los años 2015-2018. El método de indagación se basa en los principios del enfoque mixto, con la aplicación de cuestionarios al personal docente de inglés participante y entrevistas a las personas representantes de la Comisión Interuniversitaria del CONARE. Los datos recopilados fueron verificados con el desarrollo de un análisis del documento legal del convenio firmado por la ministra de Educación y el presidente del CONARE. Dentro de los principales hallazgos se identificó una debilidad en la divulgación de las metas y propósitos del convenio; empero, se aseguró la consecución de los objetivos propuestos mediante la constante evaluación de las actividades. Se concluye que, para asegurar el éxito de un convenio de esta índole, es necesario ofrecer un espacio de diálogo para explicar los objetivos lingüísticos de la capacitación y las metas del convenio a nivel país, con la aplicación de una comunicación organizacional estratégica que permita asegurar un compromiso real por parte del personal docente.

Résumé Cet article vise à déterminer les perceptions des enseignants d’anglais de diverses zones scolaires du Ministère de l’Éducation Publique (MEP) et des représentants de la Commission Interuniversitaire du Conseil National des Recteurs (CONARE en espagnol) sur la gestion éducative définie pour développer les habiletés linguistiques MEP-CONARE pendant la période 2015-2018. La méthode de recherche a été basée sur les principes de l’approche mixte, moyennant des questionnaires aux enseignants d’anglais qui ont participé dans l’étude ainsi qu’à travers d’interviews aux personnes qui représentent la Commission Interuniversitaire du CONARE. Les données recueillies ont été vérifiées par le biais d’une analyse du document légal du contrat signé entre la ministre de l’Éducation et le président du CONARE. Parmi les principales découvertes on a identifié une faiblesse dans la diffusion des buts et des fins du contrat ; cependant, on a assuré l’atteinte des objectifs par la mise en place de l’évaluation continue des activités. Pour finir, on a conclu que pour assurer le succès il est nécessaire d’offrir un espace de discussion pour expliquer les buts linguistiques de la formation et les fins du contrat au niveau national au moyen de la communication organisationnelle stratégique pour assurer un engagement réel de la part des enseignants.

Resumen Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación evaluativa cuyo objetivo estuvo orientado a realizar un ejercicio de metaevaluación de la evaluación docente de posgrados de la Universidad Santo Tomás, durante el período 2017-2020. Los referentes teóricos se ubican en orden a las categorías: evaluación educativa, evaluación del profesorado .investigación evaluativa, así como los referentes institucionales que se tuvieron en cuenta dentro del proceso. La investigación se ubica en el paradigma cualitativo y corresponde a una metodología de investigación evaluativa que permitió el diseño de ocho pasos que orientaron la realización del estudio; esto posibilitó la metaevaluación de la evaluación docente de los posgrados de la Universidad Santo Tomás, donde participaron personas estudiantes, docentes, directoras de programa y decanas de facultad en el diagnóstico, mesas de trabajo, aplicación de pilotaje, evaluación del instrumento final e implementación de la evaluación. Los resultados alcanzados se presentan en coherencia con la metodología, en consideración de que no se hacían efectivas políticas y procedimientos institucionales, unido a que el derecho a réplica del profesorado era casi nulo. Por otro lado, lo más relevante es la definición de una evaluación docente personalizada de acuerdo con su plan de trabajo y la evaluación del desempeño del personal docente contratado por orden de prestación de servicios. Todo esto conllevó a la consolidación y parametrización de un aplicativo institucional. Finalmente, se esbozan algunas conclusiones del proceso y recomendaciones de carácter metodológico para adelantar este tipo de trabajos en instituciones de educación superior multicampus.

Abstract This article presents the results of an evaluative research whose objective was oriented to carry out a meta-evaluation exercise of the postgraduate teacher evaluation of the Santo Tomás University, during the period 2017-2020. The theoretical referents are placed in order of the categories: educational evaluation, the evaluation of the teaching staff and evaluative research, as well as the institutional referents that were considered within the process. The research is located in the qualitative paradigm and corresponds to an evaluative research methodology that permitted the eight-step design that oriented the accomplishment of the study. This made possible the meta-evaluation of the teaching evaluation of the postgraduate courses of the Santo Tomas University, where students, teachers, program directors, and deans of faculty participated in the diagnosis, working tables, application of piloting, evaluation of the final instrument, and implementation of the evaluation. The achieved results are presented in coherence with the methodology, considering that institutional policies and procedures were not implemented, together with the fact that the teachers' right to reply was almost nil. On the other hand, the most relevant is the definition of a personalized teacher evaluation according to their work plan, and the evaluation of the performance of the teacher staff hired by order of service provision. All this led to the consolidation and parameterization of an institutional application. Finally, some conclusions of the process and recommendations of a methodological nature are outlined to carry out this type of work in multi-campus higher education institutions.