ABSTRACT Communication culture is the basis of communication and interaction between people. The insufficient development of communication culture can lead to interpersonal conflicts. The ability to communicate effectively contributes to great teamwork in various projects. The article aims to examine the communication culture of modern college students, with an emphasis on how social changes and technological advances develop their communication skills. The authors systematically analyze existing literature, including peer-reviewed articles and research studies. They use thematic analysis to identify and categorize the key topics related to the communication culture of students. The authors conclude that there is an urgent need for educational institutions to adapt their curricula to more effectively teach communication skills. These adaptations should prepare students to navigate the complexities of interpersonal and professional environments.

RESUMEN La cultura de la comunicación es la base de la comunicación y la interacción entre las personas. El desarrollo insuficiente de la cultura de la comunicación puede provocar conflictos interpersonales. La capacidad de comunicarse eficazmente contribuye a un gran trabajo en equipo en diversos proyectos. El artículo pretende examinar la cultura comunicativa de los estudiantes universitarios modernos, haciendo hincapié en cómo los cambios sociales y los avances tecnológicos desarrollan sus habilidades comunicativas. Los autores analizan sistemáticamente la bibliografía existente, incluidos artículos revisados por pares y estudios de investigación. Utilizan el análisis temático para identificar y categorizar los temas clave relacionados con la cultura comunicativa de los estudiantes. Los autores concluyen que existe una necesidad urgente de que las instituciones educativas adapten sus planes de estudio para enseñar de forma más eficaz las habilidades comunicativas. Estas adaptaciones deberían preparar a los estudiantes para desenvolverse en las complejidades de los entornos interpersonales y profesionales.

RESUMEN Introducción: el acceso a los servicios de salud en Paraguay, está determinado por varios tipos de barreras. Por ello, es preciso describir el impacto que tienen las políticas públicas y sus implicancias en la mitigación de las mismas. Objetivo: describir el acompañamiento diferenciado y su contribución al apoyo socio emocional, adhesión al tratamiento y acceso a servicios de salud en el área de atención a personas varones que viven con el VIH. Metodología: estudio de carácter cualitativo, descriptivo, con entrevistas semi estructuradas y muestra no probabilística, dirigida e intencional; Resultados: este estudio cualitativo exploró las experiencias de personas viviendo con VIH que recibieron acompañamiento psicosocial diferenciado en un servicio de atención integral. Los participantes destacaron la importancia del acompañamiento para afrontar la crisis posterior al diagnóstico. La orientación presencial, escucha empática y seguimiento facilitaron la vinculación y adherencia al servicio de salud y al tratamiento antirretroviral. El apoyo psicosocial fue clave para desmitificar ideas erróneas sobre el VIH/SIDA, empoderarse sobre su estado serológico y mejorar la calidad de vida. Se enfatizó el rol de los grupos de pares para brindar contención. Algunos participantes reportaron experiencias previas de revelación no consentida y vulneración de confidencialidad. El acompañamiento psicosocial diferenciado resultó fundamental para facilitar la inserción y permanencia de las personas con VIH en los servicios de atención integral (adhesión al tratamiento). Conclusiones: el acompañamiento psicosocial diferenciado resultó clave para facilitar la vinculación y adherencia en personas con VIH. La atención integral requiere identificar situaciones particulares, establecer relaciones de confianza y comunicación efectiva. El apoyo inicial es fundamental brindando contención ante el impacto emocional del diagnóstico. El seguimiento continuo es esencial dada la doble discriminación. La confidencialidad y capacidad de generar vínculos empáticos son elementos centrales. Los factores mencionados favorecen la adhesión al tratamiento. Los resultados sugieren que estas prácticas psicosociales pueden optimizar modelos de atención integral a personas con VIH.

ABSTRACT Introduction: access to healthcare services in Paraguay is influenced by various barriers. Thus, it is essential to describe the impact of public policies and their implications in mitigating these barriers. Objective: to describe the differentiated support and its contribution to socio-emotional support, therapeutic adherence, and access to healthcare services in the area of care for males living with HIV. Methodology: a qualitative, descriptive study with semi-structured interviews and a non-probabilistic, directed, and intentional sample. Results: this qualitative study explored the experiences of individuals living with HIV who received differentiated psychosocial support in an integrated care service. Participants emphasized the importance of support in coping with the post-diagnosis crisis. In-person guidance, empathetic listening, and follow-up facilitated engagement and adherence to healthcare services and antiretroviral treatment. Psychosocial support played a critical role in debunking misconceptions about HIV/AIDS, empowering individuals regarding their serostatus, and improving their quality of life. The role of peer groups in providing emotional support was emphasized. Some participants reported previous experiences of non-consensual disclosure and confidentiality breaches. Differentiated psychosocial support was essential in promoting the integration and retention of people with HIV in integrated care services (therapeutic adherence). Conclusions: differentiated psychosocial support was crucial in facilitating the engagement and adherence of individuals with HIV. Comprehensive care necessitates identifying specific situations, establishing trust-based relationships, and effective communication. Initial support is vital for providing emotional support in the face of the diagnostic impact. Ongoing follow-up is essential due to the dual discrimination faced. Confidentiality and the ability to build empathetic relationships are central elements. The aforementioned factors favor adherence to treatment. The results suggest that these psychosocial practices can enhance models of comprehensive care for people with HIV.

Resumo Introdução A versatilidade da tutoria entre pares é um atributo que permite que esta estratégia de ensino-aprendizagem seja utilizada para responder a diferentes necessidades dos estudantes universitários, no entanto, existe ainda uma lacuna de conhecimento relativa aos seus contributos quando combinada com outras metodologias de ensino. Objetivo Analisar as contribuições e desafios da tutoria entre pares quando utilizada como metodologia de apoio à aprendizagem no âmbito de um projeto de intervenção socioeducativa para a redução do estigma público face a pessoas com diagnóstico psiquiátrico. Metodologia Metodologia qualitativa produzindo dados através de um questionário online respondido por 80 estudantes, seis tutores e seis professores participantes na experiência. Os dados foram submetidos a uma análise de conteúdo temática. Resultados Emergiram três temas centrais: 1) atributos da tutoria de pares que favorecem a aprendizagem; 2) relações entre a tutoria de pares e a aprendizagem baseada em projetos e 3) aspectos que interferem na aprendizagem durante um projeto. Conclusões A tutoria entre pares é uma estratégia que, utilizada no âmbito da aprendizagem baseada em projetos, proporciona um apoio eficaz e significativo para o sucesso da implementação de uma intervenção socioeducativa. É essencial preparar os mentores no seu trabalho, gerando espaços de retorno permanente com o pessoal docente para reforçar as suas competências cognitivas e atitudinais, ao mesmo tempo que é necessário educar os mentorandos sobre os objetivos específicos desta estratégia. ensinoaprendizagem ensino universitários entanto psiquiátrico 8 experiência temática centrais 1 2 3 trabalho atitudinais

Resumen Introducción La versatilidad de la enseñanza de pares es un atributo que le permite a esta estrategia de enseñanza-aprendizaje, ser usada para cubrir distintas necesidades del estudiantado universitario, sin embargo, aún existe una brecha de conocimiento en cuanto a sus aportes cuando se combina con otras metodologías de enseñanza. Objetivo Analizar los aportes y desafíos de las tutorías de pares cuando se usan como metodología de apoyo al aprendizaje en el marco de un proyecto de intervención socioeducativa para reducir el estigma público hacia personas con diagnóstico psiquiátrico. Metodología Metodología cualitativa produciendo datos a través de un cuestionario on line que responden 80 estudiantes, seis tutores pares y seis docentes participantes de la experiencia. Los datos se someten a un análisis de contenido temático. Resultados Emergen tres temas centrales: 1) atributos de las tutorías de pares que favorecen el aprendizaje; 2) relaciones entre la tutoría de pares y el aprendizaje basado en proyectos y 3) aspectos que interfieren el aprendizaje durante un proyecto. Conclusiones La tutoría de pares es una estrategia que usada en el marco del aprendizaje basado en proyectos entrega un apoyo efectivo y significativo para la ejecución adecuada de una intervención socioeducativa. Resulta fundamental preparar a las/os tutoras/es en su labor generando espacios de retroalimentación permanente con el cuerpo docente para fortalecer sus competencias cognitivas y actitudinales, al mismo tiempo, es necesario educar a las/os tutoreadas/os sobre los propósitos específicos de esta estrategia. enseñanzaaprendizaje, enseñanzaaprendizaje aprendizaje, enseñanza-aprendizaje universitario embargo psiquiátrico 8 estudiantes experiencia temático centrales 1 2 3 lasos os tutorases tutoras actitudinales tiempo tutoreadasos tutoreadas

Abstract Introduction The versatility of peer tutoring is an attribute that allows this teaching-learning strategy to be used to meet different needs of university students, however, there is still a knowledge gap regarding its contributions when combined with other teaching methodologies. Objective Analyze the contributions and challenges of peer tutoring when used as a learning support methodology in the framework of a socio-educational intervention project to reduce public stigma towards people with a psychiatric diagnosis. Methodology Qualitative methodology producing data through an online questionnaire answered by 80 students, six peer tutors and six teachers participating in the experience. The data was subjected to a thematic content analysis. Results Three central topics emerge: 1) attributes of peer tutoring that favor learning; 2) relationships between peer tutoring and project-based learning and 3) aspects that interfere with learning during a project. Conclusions Peer mentoring is a strategy that used in the framework of project-based learning provides effective and meaningful support for the successful implementation of a socio-educational intervention. It is essential to prepare the mentors in their work by generating spaces for permanent feedback with the teaching staff to strengthen their cognitive and attitudinal competences, at the same time, it is necessary to train the mentees about the specific purposes of this strategy. teachinglearning students however methodologies socioeducational socio educational diagnosis 8 experience analysis emerge 1 2 projectbased based 3 competences time

Objective: From a preventive perspective, this study reviewed the literature on protective factors against depressive symptoms in high-risk children and adolescents. Methods: We conducted a thorough search of the PubMed, APA, EMCare, and Embase databases for studies published between 1946 and August 25, 2023. We included only longitudinal studies that analyzed protective factors for depressive symptoms in high-risk children or adolescents, excluding cross-sectional studies, reviews, and pre-clinical studies. Results: A total of 29 studies with 62,405 participants were analyzed and 38 protective factors were identified. Positive individual characteristics, family factors, peer relationships, school-related aspects, neighborhood characteristics, and intrinsic religiosity were associated with improved depression outcomes. Conclusion: These findings have important implications for preventive strategies in this population. Addressing protective factors can help prevent depression and enhance lifetime mental health. Objective perspective highrisk high risk adolescents Methods PubMed APA EMCare 194 25 2023 crosssectional cross sectional reviews preclinical pre clinical Results 2 62405 62 405 62,40 3 identified characteristics relationships schoolrelated school related aspects outcomes Conclusion population health 19 202 6240 6 40 62,4 1 20 624 4 62,

Understanding past and present relationships of traditional cultures with biodiversity through biocultural research can help inform inclusive conservation policy and planning in a country seeking to undo past injustices such as South Africa. This review of 326 articles published between 1990 and 2019 maps the methodology employed in biocultural research, the focus of this research niche, ethical conduct and research recommendations to understand the state of biocultural research and make recommendations for biocultural research that is representative of South Africa's diverse cultural landscape. This systematic review of original research articles indexed on the Scopus database found South African biocultural research to exclude Swati and Ndebele cultures while having an unevenly strong focus on plants, human health sciences, rural areas, and three of the country's nine provinces. Some of this unevenness is likely because of utility of plants in human health and association of traditional practices with rural areas. Using a systematic review approach for this study not only ensured replicability but it also introduced a limitation of the results only being applicable to peer-reviewed articles indexed on the Scopus database. CONSERVATION IMPLICATIONS: Biocultural research's strong focus on utilitarian use could encourage conservation policy that favours utilitarian use of wildlife. An even focus in biocultural research is recommended to avoid the knowledge pool for conservation policy being mostly focussed on utilitarian value

Abstract Introduction Worldwide, the life of the Black population is marked by racism and different forms of violence that have negative effects on their daily occupations, as well as impact their subjectivity, their ways of being in the world, their identity, and social relationships. Objective The scoping review protocol aims to describe the theoretical and methodological frameworks that guide the practices of occupational therapy practitioners who provide services to Black populations. Methods The JBI methodological framework for scoping reviews will be adopted for this scoping review. A search strategy was designed in collaboration with a health sciences librarian based on titles and abstracts of relevant articles. A 3-step search strategy consisting of an initial limited search, a full search, and a screening of the reference lists of all included articles will be undertaken. Databases such as CINAHL (EBSCOhost), MEDLINE (PubMed), PsycINFO (EBSCOhost), LILACS (BIREME/PAHO/WHO), SCIELO, Web of Science, and Scopus will be searched to identify relevant full-text articles, including original research, editorials, and opinion articles. Inclusion criteria Peer-reviewed articles published in Portuguese and English between the years 2013 and 2024 will be included. Two reviewers will screen sources and extract data using a tool that will be modified, and revised, as necessary. The data will be presented using diagrams, tables and/or word clouds, accompanied by a narrative summary. Quantitative and qualitative analyses, through description and categorization, will accompany the mapped results, correlating them to the objective and research question of the scoping review. The approach recommended by JBI for study selection, critical evaluation, data extraction, and data synthesis will be used. Worldwide occupations subjectivity world identity relationships populations 3step step 3 undertaken EBSCOhost, EBSCOhost , (EBSCOhost) PubMed, PubMed (PubMed) BIREME/PAHO/WHO, BIREMEPAHOWHO BIREME/PAHO/WHO BIREME PAHO WHO (BIREME/PAHO/WHO) SCIELO Science fulltext text editorials Peerreviewed Peer reviewed 201 202 modified revised necessary diagrams andor or clouds summary analyses categorization results selection evaluation extraction used (EBSCOhost (PubMed (BIREME/PAHO/WHO 20 2

Resumo Introdução Mundialmente a vida da população negra é marcada pelo racismo e por diferentes formas de violência que repercutem negativamente em suas ocupações, bem como impactam sua subjetividade, seus modos de estar no mundo, sua identidade e relações sociais. Objetivo O objetivo deste protocolo de revisão de escopo é descrever os referenciais teóricos e metodológicos que orientam as práticas de terapeutas ocupacionais com a população negra. Métodos As diretrizes de revisão de escopo do JBI para revisões de escopo serão adotadas. Uma estratégia de busca foi desenhada em colaboração com a bibliotecária da área das ciências da saúde com base em títulos e resumos de artigos relevantes. Será realizada uma estratégia de pesquisa em três etapas que consiste em uma pesquisa inicial limitada, uma pesquisa completa e uma triagem das referências de todos os artigos incluídos. Bases de dados como CINAHL (EBSCOhost), MEDLINE (PubMed), PsycINFO (EBSCOhost), LILACS (BIREME/PAHO/WHO), SCIELO, Web of Science e Scopus serão pesquisados para identificar artigos relevantes em texto completo, incluindo pesquisas originais, editoriais e artigos de opinião. Critérios de inclusão Serão incluídos artigos revisados por pares publicados em português e inglês entre os anos de 2013 e 2024. Duas revisoras selecionaram as fontes e extraíram os dados usando uma ferramenta que será modificada e revisada, conforme necessário. Os dados serão apresentados por meio de diagramas, tabelas e/ou nuvens de palavras, acompanhados de um resumo narrativo. Análises quantitativas e qualitativas, por meio de descrição e categorização, acompanharão os resultados mapeados, correlacionando-os ao objetivo e questão de pesquisa da revisão de escopo. A abordagem preconizada pelo JBI para seleção de estudos, avaliação crítica, extração de dados e síntese de dados será utilizada. ocupações subjetividade mundo sociais adotadas limitada EBSCOhost, EBSCOhost , (EBSCOhost) PubMed, PubMed (PubMed) BIREME/PAHO/WHO, BIREMEPAHOWHO BIREME/PAHO/WHO BIREME PAHO WHO (BIREME/PAHO/WHO) SCIELO completo originais opinião 201 2024 revisada necessário diagramas eou ou palavras narrativo qualitativas categorização mapeados correlacionandoos correlacionando estudos crítica utilizada (EBSCOhost (PubMed (BIREME/PAHO/WHO 20 202 2

BACKGROUND: In South Africa, sexually transmitted infections (STIs) represent a significant public health issue. Sexually transmitted infections contribute significantly to the burden of disease in South Africa and are recognised as one of the main causes of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential causes of the high prevalence of STIs in the Du Noon population. METHODS: A mixed methodology study involving 40 participants between the ages of 18 years and 45 years was conducted at Du Noon community health centre from 01 May 2021 to 15 May 2021. Both structured questionnaires and one-on-one patient interviews with open-ended questions were utilised to collect data. RESULTS: Cultural beliefs, having multiple partners, a lack of partner notification, alcohol consumption, and a lack of condom usage were found to be the main contributing factors to the high incidence of STIs. Sex education appears to be lacking. Our findings reflected the other well-known cultural and socioeconomic issues confronting South African communities, for example, poverty, age-disparate relationships, and polygamous relationships. CONCLUSION: The cultural perspectives and understandings of sexual interactions of older men appear to have an impact on younger generations; as do peer pressure, social media and other socio-economic factors. There is an urgent need to shift cultural ideologies and norms among the youth. More research is needed to understand the views and misconceptions of the general public about STIs. CONTRIBUTION: This study highlighted how health education challenges, interpersonal relationships, and socioeconomic barriers are still important factors in STI transmission.

BACKGROUND: Healthcare providers (HCPs) are at risk of burnout in sub-Saharan Africa. However, there is little research in rural and primary care settings AIM: To evaluate burnout and its associated factors among public sector HCPs in South Africa SETTING: Primary health care clinics, community health centres and district hospitals in Nkomazi Local Municipality, Mpumalanga province METHODS: Quantitative study design using a cross-sectional survey. Healthcare providers (n = 1139) working in Nkomazi Local Municipality were invited to participate. Burnout was assessed using the Maslach Burnout Inventory. A demographic and occupational questionnaire, the General Help-Seeking Questionnaire and the Health and Safety Executive Indicator Tool were used RESULTS: A total of 302 HCPs, between 23 and 61 years, mostly female (n = 252; 83.44%) and nurses (n = 235; 77.81%) participated. High burnout was observed for Emotional Exhaustion (median score 26 [IQR {interquartile range}: 34-16]) and Personal Accomplishment (median score 29 [IQR: 34-25]). Most participants (n = 215; 71.19%) would seek help if they had an emotional problem. Bivariate analysis revealed significant associations between workplace demands, control, management support, peer support, relationships, role and change with all subscales of burnout. Multivariate regression analysis found that Personal Accomplishment improved by 0.49 (95% CI: 0.10-0.89) for every point in improved work demands, by 0.84 (95% CI: 0.01-1.67) for every point towards improved management support and by 1.19 (95% CI: 0.48-1.90) for every point towards having an improved role CONCLUSIONS: During 2022, HCPs working in a rural area in South Africa displayed high levels of burnout for Emotional Exhaustion and Personal Accomplishment but not for Depersonalisation CONTRIBUTIONS: Improvements in work demands, managerial support and role clarity may reduce burnout among HCP in a rural, primary care setting

BACKGROUND: Although studies from high-income countries have examined social support during pregnancy, it remains unclear what type of support is received by expectant mothers from low- and middle-income country settings AIM: To explore young women's social support networks during pregnancy in Soweto, South Africa SETTING: This study was undertaken in an academic hospital based in the Southwestern Townships (Soweto), Johannesburg, in Gauteng province, South Africa METHODS: An exploratory descriptive qualitative approach was employed. Eighteen (18) young pregnant women were recruited using a purposive sampling approach. In-depth interviews were conducted, and data were analysed using inductive thematic analysis RESULTS: Analysis of the data resulted in the development of two superordinate themes namely; (1) relationships during pregnancy and (2) network involvement. Involvement of the various social networks contributed greatly to the young women having a greater sense of potential parental efficacy and increased acceptance of their pregnancies. Pregnant women who receive sufficient social support from immediate networks have increased potential to embrace and give attention to pregnancy-related changes CONCLUSION: Focusing on less-examined characteristics that could enhance pregnant women's health could help in the reduction of deaths that arise because of pregnancy complications and contribute in globally accelerating increased accessibility to adequate reproductive health CONTRIBUTION: This study's findings emphasise the necessity for policymakers and healthcare providers to educate the broader community about the importance of partner, family and peer support to minimise risks that may affect pregnancy care and wellbeing of mothers

Resumen El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la percepción de la autoimagen física y social de dos grupos de noveno año, uno de un colegio público y otro de un colegio privado, ambos de la provincia de San José. Para esto, se utilizó el paradigma positivista, con una metodología de carácter cuantitativo con un alcance descriptivo. Dado que este estudio buscó medir la autoimagen física y social, se diseñó un cuestionario para la recolección de los datos y se aplicó a la población estudiantil en estudio durante una sesión de orientación colectiva. En cuanto a los resultados, se analizaron de manera descriptiva con frecuencias y porcentajes. Las variables del estudio corresponden a la autoimagen física y social de la persona adolescente. En cuanto a los principales resultados referidos a la autoimagen física, un hallazgo importante es que un alto porcentaje del estudiantado de ambas instituciones educativas manifestó estar conforme con su físico. No obstante, en relación con la autoimagen social, se halló que un porcentaje significativo del estudiantado señaló la burla de los pares como un factor desfavorable, generando consecuencias en la autoimagen social, provocadas por los comentarios negativos e insultos que se pueden relacionar con conflictos, problemas en las relaciones interpersonales y tipos de acoso escolar.

Abstract The objective of this research consisted of analyzing the perception of the physical and social self-image of two groups of ninth graders, one from a public school and the second from a private one, both from the province of San José. For this purpose, the author employed a positivist paradigm with a quantitative methodology and a descriptive scope. Since this study sought to measure physical and social self-image, the researcher designed a questionnaire for data collection and applied it to the student population during a group orientation session. Regarding the results, the author analyzed them descriptively considering frequencies and percentages. The study variables correspond to the physical and social self-image of the adolescent. Moreover, a relevant finding, in terms the main results referred to physical self-image, is that a high percentage of the students of both educational institutions stated that they were satisfied with their physical appearance. However, in relation to social self-image, a significant percentage of the population pointed out peer teasing as an unfavorable factor, generating consequences in social self-image, caused by negative comments and insults, which can be related to conflicts, problems in interpersonal relationships, and types of bullying.

Resumen El papel de la amistad como constitutiva de la red de apoyo social en los trastornos alimentarios (TAs) es aún desconocido. Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar la producción científica sobre las relaciones de amistad en personas con TAs. Se consultaron las bases PubMed/MEDLINE, LILACS, PsycINFO, Web of Science e EMBASE, entre 2010 y 2020. De los 1126 artículos recuperados, 15 cumplían los criterios de elegibilidad. La mayoría tiene enfoque cualitativo y diseño transversal, sin indicar el marco teórico. Los aspectos cualitativos de las relaciones de amistad se asociaron con una menor frecuencia/intensidad de los síntomas cuando el vínculo se consideraba de buena calidad. Amistades que implicaban comentarios despectivos e influencias negativas sobre el cuerpo y los hábitos alimentarios se consideraron factores de riesgo. Invertir en la calidad de las relaciones entre pares puede contribuir a reforzar la red de protección social y reducir la vulnerabilidad de adolescentes con riesgo de desarrollar TAs. TAs (TAs desconocido PubMedMEDLINE PubMed MEDLINE PubMed/MEDLINE LILACS PsycINFO EMBASE 201 2020 112 recuperados 1 elegibilidad transversal teórico frecuenciaintensidad frecuencia intensidad 20 202 11 2

Abstract There is still little knowledge about the role of friendship within the social support network in eating disorders (EDs). This integrative review aimed to analyze the scientific production about friendship relationships in people with EDs. The literature review was conducted using the PubMed/MEDLINE, LILACS, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases in the period from 2010 to 2020. Among the 1126 articles retrieved, 15 met the eligibility criteria, most with a qualitative approach and cross-sectional design, without indicating a theoretical framework. The qualitative aspects of friendship were associated with a reduced frequency and intensity of symptoms when the bond was considered to be of good quality. On the other hand, friendships that involved derogatory comments and negative influences related to body image and eating habits emerged as potential risk factors for triggering disorders. Investing in the quality of peer relationships can contribute to strengthening the social safety net and reducing the psychosocial vulnerability of adolescents at higher risk for developing EDs. EDs . (EDs) PubMedMEDLINE PubMed MEDLINE PubMed/MEDLINE LILACS PsycINFO Science 201 2020 112 retrieved 1 criteria crosssectional cross sectional design framework hand (EDs 20 202 11 2

Resumo Ainda é desconhecido o papel da amizade enquanto constitutiva da rede de apoio social nos transtornos alimentares (TAs). Esta revisão integrativa teve por objetivo analisar a produção científica sobre relações de amizade em pessoas com TAs. Foram consultadas as bases PubMed/MEDLINE, LILACS, PsycINFO, Web of Science e EMBASE, de 2010 a 2020. Dos 1126 artigos recuperados, 15 preencheram os critérios de elegibilidade. A maioria tem abordagem qualitativa e delineamento transversal, sem indicar referencial teórico. Aspectos qualitativos das relações de amizade foram associados com redução da frequência e intensidade de sintomas quando o vínculo era considerado de boa qualidade. Já amizades que envolviam comentários depreciativos e influências negativas acerca do corpo e hábitos alimentares foram considerados fatores de risco para desencadeamento dos transtornos. Investir na qualidade dos relacionamentos entre pares pode contribuir para fortalecer a rede de proteção social e reduzir a vulnerabilidade psicossocial de adolescentes com risco para desenvolver TAs. TAs . (TAs) PubMedMEDLINE PubMed MEDLINE PubMed/MEDLINE LILACS PsycINFO EMBASE 201 2020 112 recuperados 1 elegibilidade transversal teórico (TAs 20 202 11 2

ABSTRACT Formative feedback must be reflected as a daily strategy in educational action. Therefore, the objective of the research was to determine the relationship between feedback and teamwork in university students of a national university in Metropolitan Lima. The positivist paradigm was followed, under the quantitative approach, non-experimental design and correlational type. The population and sample was defined by 146 university students from the different departments of the Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, who are enrolled in pre-professional practices corresponding to cycles V to X, at a public university in Lima, Peru. The technique was the survey and the questionnaire was used as an instrument. It is concluded that there is a significant relationship between feedback and teamwork in university students, contributing to the academic and professional training of students. Formative feedback must become a daily strategy that allows the educational actors involved in the process to learn to unlearn to build new knowledge, promoting teamwork under a systemic vision.

RESUMEN La retroalimentación formativa debe reflejarse como una estrategia cotidiana en la acción educativa. Por lo tanto, la investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la relación entre la retroalimentación y el trabajo en equipo en estudiantes universitarios de una universidad nacional de Lima Metropolitana. Siguió el paradigma positivista, bajo el enfoque cuantitativo, diseño no experimental y de tipo correlacional. La población y la muestra quedaron definidas por 146 estudiantes universitarios de los distintos departamentos de la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades, quienes cursan las prácticas preprofesionales correspondientes a los ciclos del V al X, en una universidad pública en Lima, Perú. La técnica fue la encuesta y como instrumento se utilizó el cuestionario. Se concluye que existe relación significativa entre la retroalimentación y el trabajo en equipo en estudiantes universitarios, contribuyendo en la formación académica y profesional de los estudiantes. La retroalimentación formativa debe convertirse en una estrategia cotidiana que permita a los actores educativos involucrados en el proceso aprender a desaprender para construir nuevos saberes, fomentando el trabajo en equipo bajo una visión sistémica.

Resumen La agresión entre pares, sea un caso aislado o recurrente, se ha convertido en un problema cada vez más frecuente que socava el desarrollo psicoafectivo saludable en adolescentes y universitarios. Como en el caso de otras conductas de riesgo, la investigación sugiere que los aspectos emocionales son relevantes para su prevención. El objetivo de este trabajo fue explorar la posible relación entre la agresión entre pares, la agresión frecuente como potencial conducta de bullying, y la diferenciación del self, un constructo procedente de la perspectiva sistémica, vinculado con la autorregulación emocional y la madurez afectiva. Universitarios de entre 17 y 20 años (. = 365), completaron sendos cuestionarios autoadministrados sobre estilos de vida (Carlos et al., 2016) y diferenciación del self (Duch-Ceballos et al., 2022). En esta muestra, los análisis realizados indican que menores niveles de diferenciación del self en los varones se asocian con mayor probabilidad de agresión entre pares, tanto sufrida como ejercida. Además, uno de los componentes de la diferenciación del self, la reactividad emocional, predijo también las probabilidades de agresión (sufrida y ejercida) entre las mujeres. La diferenciación del self está recibiendo una creciente atención como variable relevante para explicar la conducta de los adolescentes y jóvenes emergentes, especialmente en lo que refiere a conductas de riesgo. Este sería el primer estudio sobre la relación entre diferenciación del self, agresión entre pares y agresión frecuente como potencial conducta de buylling. Finalmente, a partir de los resultados encontrados, se plantean futuras líneas de investigación y aplicaciones prácticas.

Abstract The socio-emotional well-being of children and adolescents is a subject of interest, both for academics and researchers, as well as for parents, teachers, and educators. Initiatives on this subject promoted from the scientific and social fields are constantly increasing, and tend to have multiple objectives, among which one is to understand the dynamics of violence and aggression (which can lead to harassment situations), in order to design more effective prevention and intervention programs. Research suggests that emotional aspects are relevant to the prevention of aggression. Within this realm, we have focused on Differentiation of self (DoS). The Differentiation of Self is the central construct of Bowen's (1978) systemic family theory, considered from the systemic perspective as one of the most comprehensive theories of human behavior. With multiple applications in various fields, DoS is a multidimensional construct, defined as the ability to balance emotional and intellectual functioning -intrapsychic dimension-, and intimacy and autonomy in personal relationships -interpersonal dimension-. Based on previous studies in which associations between bullying and socio-emotional competencies were found, the objective of this study was to find relationships between differentiation of self and peer aggression. The sample of this study was comprised of university students between 17 and 20 years old (. = 365; . = 18.3, SD = .7), who were studying the first or second year of different careers at a private university in Argentina. Participants completed self-administered questionnaires on lifestyles (Carlos et al., 2016) and the Spanish version of the Differentiation of Self Inventory-Revised (S-DSI; Rodríguez-González et al., 2015). Considering that peer aggression does not represent bullying in all cases, the association between self-differentiation and peer aggression was first analyzed and, second, this same association was analyzed, but considering frequent aggression. Peer aggression was perpetrated by 54 % of women and 63 % of men (. = .043) and suffered by 72 % of women and 61 % of men (. = .124). Frequent peer aggression was perpetrated by 15 % of women and 21 % of men (. = .001) and suffered by 41 % of women and 24 % of men (. = .146). Both measures of DoS (Emotional reactivity and Emotional cutoff) were associated with a lower prevalence of both aggression and frequent aggression. This work offers two main findings. First, given the high incidence of peer aggression, the results of this study confirm the relevance of the research on peer aggression and, specifically, on frequent aggression associated with bullying. Second, present data suggests the existence of a relationship between differentiation of self and aggression. Since the idea and perceptions about aggression could be changing, new research is suggested, based around the cultural context and social changes that identify how the concept of bullying evolves should be promoted. Moreover, it would be positive to develop new research that can delve into the role played by the differentiation of self, since it is a factor that impacts the development and health of adolescents. The significant relationship between peer aggression and DoS found in this study contributes to the empirical corpus that affirms the relevance of the emotional factor in aggressive and bullying behaviors. In this sense, this study joins others that support the idea of intervening in aggression and buylling through the development of school intervention programs aimed at developing emotional competencies, involving students and also parents and educators.

Resumen: La pandemia mundial, generada por el virus responsable de la COVID, trajo consigo diversos desafíos para los centros escolares que han tenido que continuar velando por el proceso formativo de niños, niñas y jóvenes. En este contexto, el estudio busca describir la subjetividad del profesorado respecto al rediseño de la organización para dar respuesta a la necesidad de educación a distancia. La experiencia se desarrolló en un centro escolar de la Región de La Araucanía en Chile con 81 docentes de los niveles de Educación Básica y Media. La recogida de información se llevó a cabo a través de entrevistas y grupos focales como instancias de conversación con el profesorado que ayudaron a tomar consciencia sobre el proceso desarrollado. Los resultados evidencian la relevancia del liderazgo pedagógico que proporciona las condiciones organizativas y profesionales conducentes a la mejora de las prácticas docentes y, por ende, del aprendizaje del alumnado. El ejercicio de este liderazgo re- configuró la gestión, valorándose el trabajo colaborativo entre docentes como un proceso en el cual se aprende y se transforma la práctica pedagógica. Aunque el centro escolar continúa impulsando cambios y mejoras, se concluye que la coyuntura provocada por la pandemia representa una oportunidad para avanzar hacia la con- formación de una comunidad profesional de aprendizaje que está en la búsqueda permanente de prácticas que propicien el aprendizaje profundo de sus estudiantes.

Resumo: A pandemia global, gerada pelo vírus responsável pela COVID, trouxe consigo uma série de desafios para as escolas que tiveram que continuar cuidando do processo educacional de crianças e jovens. Neste contexto, o estudo procura descrever a subjetividade dos docentes com relação ao redesenho da organização, a fim de responder à necessidade de educação à distância. A experiência foi realizada em uma escola na região da Araucanía no Chile com 81 docentes nos níveis de Educação Básica e Secundária. A coleta de informações foi realizada através de entrevistas e grupos de discussão como instâncias de conversa com professores que os ajudaram a tomar conhecimento do processo desenvolvido. Os resultados mostram a relevância da liderança pedagógica que proporciona as condições organizacionais e profissionais propícias para melhorar as práticas de ensino e, portanto, a aprendizagem dos estudantes. O exercício desta liderança reconfigurou a gestão, valorizando o trabalho colaborativo entre os docentes como um processo no qual a prática pedagógica é aprendida e transformada. Embora a escola continue a impulsionar mudanças e melhorias, conclui-se que a situação causada pela pandemia representa uma oportunidade para avançar na formação de uma comunidade de aprendizagem profissional que está em constante busca de práticas que promovam um aprendizado profundo para seus estudantes.

Abstract: The global pandemic due to COVID-19 brought various challenges for schools that have had to continue to ensure the educational process of children and young people. In this context, the study seeks to describe teachers’ subjectivity regarding the organization’s redesign to respond to the need for distance learning. The experience was developed in a school in the Araucania Region in Chile with 81 teachers from the Basic and Secondary Education levels. The collection of information was carried out through interviews and focus groups as dialogue instances with the teachers that helped to raise awareness about the process developed. The results show the relevance of pedagogical leadership that provides the organizational and professional conditions conducive to improving teaching practices and the students’ learning processes. Exercising this kind of leadership reconfigured management, valuing collaborative work between teachers as a process in which pedagogical practice is learned and transformed. Although the school continues to promote changes and improvements, it is concluded that the situation caused by the pandemic represents an opportunity to move towards the training of a professional learning community that is constantly searching for practices that promote deep learning for students.

Resumen: se presenta una aproximación a la revisión de literatura referente a los efectos económicos y de comercio de la COVID-19, analizados desde la perspectiva de la economía internacional. Para ello se realizó una búsqueda sistemática de documentos arbitrados por pares, tomando como fuente principal la base de datos Scopus (Elsevier), complementada con Science Direct, Google Académico y organismos multilaterales del orden regional e internacional. A partir del software VOSviewer y con el criterio de selección de co-ocurrencia de palabras claves, se documentó, al final, lo citado en 59 trabajos, mismos que se agruparon en 6 segmentos (teoría, efectos de oferta-demanda-comercio, metodologías de análisis, y resiliencia económica de los países), derivados de los clústeres de los términos co-ocurrentes producto de los resultados bibliográficos, y la de la necesidad de hilar un discurso coherente y sostenible. Entre los hallazgos, se destaca que la pandemia por COVID-19 es un fenómeno sin precedentes, por lo que requiere un análisis holístico, desde la oferta, la demanda, el comercio y la política económica (fiscal, preferiblemente), en procura de establecer una línea base de herramientas para sopesar futuras disrupciones exógenas.

Abstract: An approach to the literature review regarding the economic and trade effects of COVID-19 is presented, analyzed from the perspective of international economics. To achieve this, a systematic search for peer-reviewed documents was conducted, primarily using the Scopus database (Elsevier), supplemented with Science Direct, Google Scholar, and regional and international multilateral organizations. Using the VOS viewer software and the selection criterion of keyword co-occurrence, a total of 59 works were documented, grouped into 6 segments (theory, supply-demand-trade effects, analysis methodologies, and economic resilience of countries). These segments were derived from clusters of co-occurring terms resulting from the bibliographic search results and the need to weave a coherent and sustainable narrative. Among the findings, it is highlighted that the COVID-19 pandemic is an unprecedented phenomenon, necessitating a holistic analysis encompassing supply, demand, trade, and economic policy (preferably fiscal) to establish a baseline of tools for assessing future exogenous disruptions.

Resumo: Este artigo apresenta uma abordagem de revisão da literatura sobre os efeitos econômicos e comerciais da COVID-19, analisados sob a perspectiva da economia internacional. Para isso, foi realizada uma busca sistemática de documentos revisados por pares, tendo como principal fonte a base de dados Scopus (Elsevier), complementada pelo Science Direct, Google Scholar e organizações multilaterais de âmbito regional e internacional. Usando o software VOSviewer e o critério de seleção de coocorrência de palavras-chave, foram documentados 59 trabalhos, agrupados em 6 segmentos (teoria, efeitos da oferta-demanda-comércio, metodologias de análise e resiliência econômica dos países), derivados dos clusters de termos coocorrentes resultantes dos resultados bibliográficos, e da necessidade de construir um discurso coerente e sustentável. Entre as descobertas, destaca-se que a pandemia do COVID-19 é um fenômeno sem precedentes, o que, consequentemente, exige uma análise holística, abordando oferta, demanda, comércio e políticas econômicas (preferencialmente fiscais), a fim de estabelecer uma linha de base de ferramentas para lidar com futuras perturbações externas.