Abstract Introduction: Macrobrachium amazonicum is widely distributed in South America, occurring in the Orinoco, Amazon and Paraguay river basins, being used as an important source of protein for feeding riverside populations. This prawn is host to the crustacean ectoparasites Probopyrus pandalicola, Probopyrus floridensis and Probopyrus bithynis (Bopyridae) that infest the gill cavity of the species. Objective: To report the prevalence and abundance of ectopasites (P. pandalicola, P. floridensis and P. bithynis) and the condition factor in M. amazonicum from the Amazon River, Eastern Amazon. Methods: The prawns were collected from May 2017 to April 2018, with the artisanal trap matapi in the municipalities of Mazagão (state of Amapá) and Santarém (state of Pará), Brazil. Results: 216 prawns infected with ectoparasites were captured, 133 in the Mazagão region (53 P. pandalicola, 48 P. bithynis and 32 P. floridensis) and 83 in the Santarém region (45 P. pandalicola and 38 P. bithynis). In Mazagão, the highest prevalence values were recorded in May (1.98 %) for P. floridensis, July (2.18 %) for P. bithynis, and March (1.93 %) for P. pandalicola. In the Santarém region, the highest prevalence values were recorded in February, 3.47 for P. pandalicola and 2.89 for P. bithynis. Regarding the abundance of parasites, there was no difference between the species grouped between the regions (t = 0.32, p = 0.739). Parasitized prawns from Mazagão and Santarém presented condition factors below expectations, with an average of 0.85 ± 0.55 for Santarém and 0.88 ± 0.44 for Mazagão. Conclusions: During the study it was found that P. pandalicola, P. bithynis and P. floridensis were present in M. amazonicum throughout the year. Furthermore, there was an effect of parasitism on M. amazonicum in the study areas.

Resumen Introducción: Macrobrachium amazonicum está ampliamente distribuido en América del Sur, se encuentra en las cuencas de los ríos Orinoco, Amazonas y Paraguay, se utiliza como una fuente importante de proteínas para alimentar a las poblaciones ribereñas. Este camarón es hospedero de los ectoparásitos crustáceos: Probopyrus pandalicola, Probopyrus floridensis y Probopyrus bithynis (Bopyridae), que infestan la cavidad branquial de la especie. Objetivo: Reportar la prevalencia y abundancia de ectoparásitos (P. pandalicola, P. floridensis y P. bithynis) y el factor de condición de M. amazonicum en el| río Amazonas, al este de la Amazonía. Métodos: Los camarones fueron recolectados entre mayo 2017 y abril 2018, con la ayuda de matapis (trampa artesanal) en los municipios de Mazagão (Estado de Amapá) y Santarém (Estado de Pará), Brasil. Resultados: Se capturaron un total de 216 camarones parasitados con ectoparásitos, 133 de ellos en la región de Mazagão (53 P. pandalicola, 48 P. bithynis y 32 P. floridensis) y 83 en la región de Santarém (45 P. pandalicola y 38 P. bithynis). En Mazagão, los valores más altos de prevalencia se registraron en mayo (1.98 %) para P. floridensis, julio (2.18 %) para P. bithynis y marzo (1.93 %) para P. pandalicola. En la región de Santarém, los valores más altos de prevalencia se registraron en febrero, de 3.47 para P. pandalicola y 2.89 para P. bithynis. En cuanto a la abundancia de parásitos, no hubo diferencia entre las especies agrupadas entre las regiones (t = 0.32, p = 0.739). Los camarones parasitados de Mazagão y Santarém mostraron factores de condición por debajo de lo esperado, con un promedio de 0.85 ± 0.55 para Santarém y 0.88 ± 0.44 para Mazagão. Conclusiones: Durante el estudio, se encontró que P. pandalicola, P. bithynis y P. floridensis estuvieron presentes en M. Amazonicum todo el año. Además, hubo un efecto de parasitismo sobre M. Amazonicum en las áreas de estudio.

Abstract Background: Invasive parasitic species have barely been studied despite their impact on the communities they invade. Questions: What is the host range used by the invasive parasite Cassytha filiformis in the coastal scrubland of northern Yucatan? Does C. filiformis show host preference? Does the physiological performance of C. fliformis (water deficit and chlorophyll content) vary among hosts on which it establishes and reproduces? Study species: Cassytha filiformis, an invasive hemiparasitic vine of coastal communities. Study sites and dates: Telchac, Yucatán, México. The study lasted from October 2022 to June 2023. Methods: The incidence of C. filiformis parasitism was recorded. Histological analysis confirmed parasitism, and the water potential and chlorophyll concentration of C. filiformis in its main hosts were determined. Results: C. filiformis parasitized 10 species, showing a preference for shrubs. Its main hosts were Scaevola plumieri, Phitecellobium keyense and Croton punctatus. Differences between hosts were observed in water potential variation and total chlorophyll concentration. Differences between stem types (young and mature) in chlorophyll concentration were also observed. Conclusions: C. filiformis prefers shrub species to establish. The physiological performance of C. filiformis varied depending on host identity. Differences in chlorophyll concentration between stem types of C. filiformis suggest functional physiological differences between them.

Resumen Antecedentes: Las especies parásitas invasoras han sido pobremente estudiadas a pesar del impacto que pueden tener en las comunidades que invaden. Preguntas: ¿Cuál es el rango de hospederos que utiliza la parásita invasora Cassytha filiformis? ¿C. filiformis presenta preferencia por hospederos? ¿el desempeño fisiológico (déficit hídrico y contenido de clorofilas) de C. filiformis varía entre los hospederos donde se establece y reproduce? Especie de estudio: Cassytha filiformis, liana hemiparásita invasora de comunidades costeras. Sitio y años de estudio: Telchac, Yucatán México. El estudio abarcó de octubre del 2022 a junio 2023. Métodos: Se registró la incidencia de parasitismo de C. filiformis. Se confirmó el parasitismo mediante análisis histológico y se determinó el potencial hídrico y la concentración de clorofila de C. filiformis en sus principales hospederos. Resultados: C. filiformis parasitó 10 especies mostrando preferencia por especies arbustivas. Sus principales hospederos fueron Scaevola plumieri, Phitecellobium keyense y Croton punctatus. Se observaron diferencias entre hospederos en el cambio del potencial hídrico y la concentración total de clorofila. Adicionalmente, se observaron diferencias entre tipos de tallos (jóvenes y maduros) en la concentración de clorofila. Conclusiones: C. filiformis se establece en especies arbustivas. Su desempeño fisiológico varía dependiendo de la identidad del hospedero. Se observaron diferencias en la concentración de clorofila entre tipos de tallo de C. filiformis sugiriendo diferencias fisiológicas funcionales entre ellos.

Abstract Alliaceae crops includes several species of agricultural importance for the Arequipa region, among them the onion is the most produced in the country, however, these crops are affected by phytoparasitic nematodes, including Meloidogyne spp. which causes significant losses in the yield. The aim of the present study was to characterise the root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp) and determine the population density of phytoparasitic nematodes in alliaceae crops in the main producing localities of the Arequipa region. Samples of roots and soil were collected in onion, chinese onion, leek and chives crops in the provinces of Arequipa, Castilla, Caylloma and Islay. The identification of nematode genus was found by morphological characteristics and the characterization of Meloidogyne were performed by perineal patterns and electrophoretic pattern of esterase (Est). In the 38 soil samples, different genus of plant-parasitic nematodes was found: Aphelenchus, Dorylaimus, Helicotylenchus, Hemicycliophora, Meloidogyne, Mesocriconema, Mononchus, OGMA, Pratylenchus, Rotylenchus, Tylenchus, Xiphinema and free-living nematodes, in root samples, eight populations of Meloidogyne spp. were found. distributed among three species: (1) M. incognita phenotype Est I1, Rm: 1.0 with 33.33% of frequency and Est I2, Rm: 1.03, 1.07 (50%); (2) M. javanica Est J3, Rm: 1.03, 1.24, 1.37 (16.67%) and an atypical species named Meloidogyne sp. Rm: 0.85 (33.33%). The identification of genus and species phytoparasitic nematodes in alliaceae will allow the adoption of more efficient integrated management measures, because have a distinct parasitism behavior.

Resumen Cultivo de aliáceas comprenden diversas especies de importancia agrícola para la región Arequipa, entre ellas la cebolla es la de mayor producción en el país, sin embargo, estos cultivos son afectados por nematodos fitoparásitos entre ellas Meloidogyne spp. que ocasiona pérdidas significativas en la producción. El objetivo del presente estudio fue caracterizar al nematodo de las agallas (Meloidogyne spp) y determinar la densidad poblacional de nematodos fitoparásitos en cultivos de aliáceas en las principales localidades productoras de la región Arequipa, se colectaron muestras de raíces y suelo de cultivos de cebolla, cebolla china, poro y cebollín en las provincias de Arequipa, Castilla, Caylloma e Islay. La identificación de los géneros de nematodos se hizo mediante características morfológicas y la caracterización de Meloidogyne se hizo mediante patrones perineales y por padrón electroforético de esterasa (Est). En las 38 muestras de suelo se encontraron doce géneros de nematodos fitoparásitos: Aphelenchus, Dorylaimus, Helicotylenchus, Hemicycliophora, Meloidogyne, Mesocriconema, Mononchus, OGMA, Pratylenchus, Rotylenchus, Tylenchus, Xiphinema y nematodos de vida libre, en muestras de raíces, se encontraron ocho poblaciones de Meloidogyne spp. distribuidas en tres especies: (1) M. incognita fenotipo Est I1, Rm: 1.0 con 33,33% de frecuencia y Est I2, Rm: 1.03, 1.07 (50%); (2) M. javanica Est J3, Rm: 1.03, 1.24, 1.37 (16,67%) y una especie atípica denominada Meloidogyne sp. Rm: 0.85 (33,33%). La identificación de géneros y especies de nematodos fitoparásitos en aliáceas, permitirá adoptar medidas de manejo integrado más eficientes, debido a que poseen un comportamiento de parasitismo distinto.

Abstract Introduction: The endoparasite Dendrogaster argentinensis infects the intertidal brooder sea star Anasterias antarctica. This sea-star species is in the highest trophic level in the Beagle Channel. Objective: To study the effects of parasitism by D. argentinensis on the fitness and reproduction of A. antarctica. Methods: Adults from the brooder sea-star were collected from the rocky intertidal of Ensenada Zaratiegui bay (54°51’ S & 68°29’ W), Argentina. Eight seasonal samplings were performed (four seasons in two years) in the upper and low intertidal. During dissection, parasites were removed, and all organs were extracted and weighed separately. Results: Dendrogaster argentinensis prevalence was the highest for the region (20.4 %). Parasitized individuals were more frequent in the low intertidal in all seasons, with a higher difference in summer, where it is likely that the higher temperatures and strong winds could make the upper intertidal more challenging for a parasitized individual. Five parasitized individuals were castrated. Generally, the gonadal (GI) and somatic (pyloric caeca, PCI; stomach, SI; body wall, WI) indexes were lower in parasitized than non-parasitized individuals. Conclusions: Parasitism by D. argentinensis negatively affects A. antarctica condition. It affects reproduction because it reduces the GI, and can also produce castration. The parasite competes for the sea-stars’ energetic resources, also decreasing the individual’s capacity for feeding (reduced stomach) and growth (reduced body wall).

Resumen Introducción: El endoparásito Dendrogaster argentinensis infecta a la estrella de mar Anasterias antarctica, especie que se encuentra en el nivel trófico más alto del Canal Beagle. Objetivo: Estudiar los efectos del parasitismo de D. argentinensis en la condición fisiológica y reproducción de A. antarctica. Métodos: Adultos de la estrella de mar incubadora fueron recogidos del intermareal rocoso de la bahía Ensenada Zaratiegui (54°51’ S & 68°29’ W). Se realizaron ocho muestreos estacionales (cuatro temporadas en dos años) en el intermareal superior y bajo. Durante la disección, se removieron los parásitos, y todos los órganos, los cuales fueron pesados por separado. Resultados: La prevalencia de D. argentinensis fue la más alta de la región (20.4 %). Los individuos parasitados fueron más frecuentes en el intermareal bajo en todas las estaciones, siendo la mayor diferencia en verano, donde es probable que las temperaturas más altas y los fuertes vientos puedan hacer que el intermareal superior sea más desafiante para un individuo parasitado. Se observaron cinco individuos parasitados que estaban castrados. Generalmente, los índices gonadales (GI) y somáticos (ciego pilórico, estómago, y pared del cuerpo) fueron menores en los individuos parasitados que no parasitados. Conclusiones: El parasitismo de D. argentinensis afecta negativamente la condición fisiológica de A. antarctica. Afecta a la reproducción en términos de bajo GI y puede causar castración. El parásito compite por los recursos energéticos de las estrellas de mar, disminuyendo también la capacidad del individuo para alimentarse (reducción del estómago) y crecer (reducción de la pared del cuerpo).

Abstract 19. Gastrointestinal parasitism is very common in horses in northeastern Argentina, where it is often subclinical, leading to losses in body development and reduced animal performance. The objective of this study was to characterize the population of gastrointestinal nematodes in horses from the town of Gobernador Virasoro, Corrientes, used in the artisanal production of bricks. An observational cross-sectional descriptive study design was used and non-probability convenience sampling was performed. The number of eggs per gram of feces was determined by coprological examinations (modified McMaster technique), and all samples with the presence of gastrointestinal nematode eggs were considered positive. Morphologically, eggs of the order Strongylida were distinguished from eggs of Parascaris equorum and Oxyuris equi and the possible combinations between them. Parasitic genera of the order Strongylida were identified from pool coprocultures, differentiating between large and small strongyles. The results showed that 94.79% of the samples were positive, of which 83.43% corresponded to the order Strongylida only, 10.98% to the combination with eggs of P. equorum and 5.59% to the combination with eggs of O. equi. The highest average number of eggs belonged to the Strongylida order, with 90.55% corresponding to small strongyles. The results of this study suggest that gastrointestinal parasitism is a major problem in the working horse population of Gobernador Virasoro and could have a negative impact on animal health and performance.

Resumen 15. En el nordeste argentino son muy frecuentes las parasitosis gastrointestinales en los equinos, presentes de forma subclínica, provocando pérdidas en el desarrollo corporal y disminución en el rendimiento de los animales. El objetivo fue caracterizar la población de los nematodos gastrointestinales en equinos de la localidad de Gobernador Virasoro (Corrientes) a través del examen coprológico, utilizados como animal de trabajo en la fabricación artesanal de ladrillos. Se utilizó un diseño de estudio observacional transversal descriptivo, para ello se realizaron muestreos de conveniencia de tipo no probabilísticos. Se realizó el recuento de huevos por gramo de materia fecal mediante estudios coprológicos (técnica de McMaster modificada), donde se consideró como positivas a todas aquellas muestras con presencia de huevos de nematodos gastrointestinales. Se diferenció morfológicamente entre huevos del orden Strongylida y huevos de Parascaris equorum y Oxyuris equi, y las combinaciones que pudieran presentarse entre ellos. Los géneros parasitarios del orden Strongylida se identificaron a partir de coprocultivos en pool diferenciando entre grandes y pequeños estrongilos. El 94,79% de las muestras fueron positivas, de las cuales el 83,43% correspondieron únicamente al orden Strongylida, el 10,98% a la combinación con huevos de P. equorum, y el 5,59% a la combinación con huevos de O. equi. Los mayores promedios de recuentos de huevos pertenecieron al orden Strongylida, donde mediante coprocultivo se determinó que el 90,55% correspondió a pequeños estróngilos. Los resultados de este estudio sugieren que la parasitosis gastrointestinal es un problema importante en la población de equinos de trabajo de Gobernador Virasoro, y podrían tener un impacto negativo en la salud y el rendimiento de los animales.

Abstract Oestrus ovis larvae are obligate parasites of vertebrates and cause cavitary myiasis (oestrosis) in sheep and goats. It is also reported as a zoonosis causing ophthalmomyiasis and nasopharyngeal myiasis. Despite being relatively common in Brazil, epidemiological studies on O. ovis are scarce. Considering that the infestation is influenced by the climate and biomes of the studied region, we aimed to investigate the seasonal prevalence of O. ovis among slaughtered sheep in the northern region of the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. The heads of sheep (n=697) slaughtered at a slaughterhouse in the municipality of Terra Nova do Norte (November 2011 to November 2013) were collected to count, catalog, and identify the larvae found in the upper respiratory tract. Overall, 45.77% (319/697) of the animals were infested with 2,412 recovered larvae, 96.89% (2,337/2,412) of which were identified at the species level as O. ovis. Seasonal variations in prevalence ranged from 41% (spring) to 56% (summer); however, no correlation was observed between prevalence and season, mean humidity, or temperature. In conclusion, parasitism by O. ovis in sheep in the studied area, occurs year-round, considering the occurrence of larvae (L1, L2, and L3) throughout the year, probably because of the area's environmental conditions. oestrosis (oestrosis goats Brazil O scarce Grosso n=697 n697 n 697 (n=697 201 2013 count catalog tract Overall 4577 45 77 45.77 319/697 319697 319 (319/697 2412 2 412 2,41 9689 96 89 96.89 2,337/2,412 23372412 337 (2,337/2,412 41 spring (spring 56 summer (summer) however season humidity temperature conclusion area yearround, yearround year round, round year-round L1, L1 L (L1 L2 L3 areas s conditions n=69 n69 69 (n=69 20 457 4 7 45.7 319/69 31969 31 (319/69 241 2,4 968 9 8 96.8 2,337/2,41 2337241 33 (2,337/2,41 5 (summer (L n=6 n6 6 (n=6 45. 319/6 3196 3 (319/6 24 2, 96. 2,337/2,4 233724 (2,337/2,4 n= (n= 319/ (319/ 2,337/2, 23372 (2,337/2, (n (319 2,337/2 2337 (2,337/2 (31 2,337/ 233 (2,337/ (3 2,337 23 (2,337 ( 2,33 (2,33 2,3 (2,3 (2, (2

Resumo As larvas de Oestrus ovis são parasitas obrigatórios de vertebrados e causam miíase cavitária (estrose) em ovinos e caprinos. Também é relatada como uma zoonose que causa oftalmomíase e miíase nasofaríngea. Apesar de relativamente comum no Brasil, os estudos epidemiológicos sobre O. ovis são escassos. Considerando que a infestação é influenciada pelo clima e biomas da região estudada, objetivou-se investigar a prevalência sazonal de O. ovis entre ovinos abatidos na região norte do estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil. Foram coletadas cabeças de ovinos (n=697) abatidos em frigorífico do município de Terra Nova do Norte (novembro de 2011 a novembro de 2013) para contagem, catalogação e identificação das larvas encontradas no trato respiratório superior. No geral, 45,77% (319/697) dos animais estavam infestados com 2.412 larvas recuperadas, das quais 96,89% (2.337/2.412) foram identificadas em nível de espécie como O. ovis. As variações sazonais na prevalência variaram de 41% (primavera) a 56% (verão); no entanto, não foi observada correlação entre prevalência e estação do ano, umidade média ou temperatura. Conclui-se que o parasitismo por O. ovis em ovinos na área estudada ocorre durante todo o ano, considerando a ocorrência de larvas (L1, L2 e L3) ao longo do ano, provavelmente devido às condições ambientais da área. estrose (estrose caprinos nasofaríngea Brasil O escassos objetivouse objetivou se Grosso n=697 n697 n 697 (n=697 201 2013 contagem superior geral 4577 45 77 45,77 319/697 319697 319 (319/697 2412 2 412 2.41 recuperadas 9689 96 89 96,89 2.337/2.412 23372412 337 (2.337/2.412 41 primavera (primavera 56 verão (verão) entanto ano temperatura Concluise Conclui L1, L1 L (L1 L3 n=69 n69 69 (n=69 20 457 4 7 45,7 319/69 31969 31 (319/69 241 2.4 968 9 8 96,8 2.337/2.41 2337241 33 (2.337/2.41 5 (verão (L n=6 n6 6 (n=6 45, 319/6 3196 3 (319/6 24 2. 96, 2.337/2.4 233724 (2.337/2.4 n= (n= 319/ (319/ 2.337/2. 23372 (2.337/2. (n (319 2.337/2 2337 (2.337/2 (31 2.337/ 233 (2.337/ (3 2.337 23 (2.337 ( 2.33 (2.33 2.3 (2.3 (2. (2

Abstract Haemonchus contortus is an important parasite in sheep and the abuse of anti-helminthics has resulted in a rapid resistance. Little is known about the abomasal microbiota in sheep and the relation to local parasitism. This study aimed to identify bacteria in the abomasum of sheep, through the abomasal content, abomasal mucosa, and adult H. contortus parasites, in high and low parasitism. Eight sheep naturally infected with H. contortus were classified as high (n = 4) and low infection (n = 4). Samples of abomasal contents, abomasal mucosa, and adult H. contortus parasites were collected. Samples were pooled to form six groups, three in each level of parasitism: high infection/abomasal contents (HC), high infection/mucosa (HM), high infection/parasites (HP); low infection/abomasal contents (LC), low infection/mucosa (LM), and low infection/parasites (LP). Molecular identification of bacteria was performed by the amplification and sequencing of the 16S rRNA bacterial gene. A similar distribution of phyla was observed between pools HC/LC and HP/LP. For pools HM/LM, there was a significant difference (p = 0.01) in the proportion of phyla observed. The bacterial phyla predominant for libraries HC/LC were Firmicutes (82% and 62%) and Bacteroidetes (10.4% and 17.6%); for HM/LM, Firmicutes (76.9% and 56%) and Proteobacteria (10.2% and 38.4%); and for HP/LP, Proteobacteria (42.8% and 55%) and Firmicutes (31.6% and 40%). We observed differences about the samples analyzed, suggesting that there are various bacterial communities closely associated with the different materials analyzed, even from the close environment. antihelminthics anti helminthics resistance parasitism content mucosa H n 4 4. . collected groups infectionabomasal HC, HC , (HC) infectionmucosa HM, HM (HM) infectionparasites HP (HP) LC, LC (LC) LM, LM (LM) LP. LP (LP) S gene HCLC HPLP HP/LP HMLM HM/LM p 0.01 001 0 01 82% 82 (82 62% 62 10.4% 104 10 (10.4 17.6% 176 17 6 17.6%) 76.9% 769 76 9 (76.9 56% 56 10.2% 102 2 (10.2 38.4% 384 38 38.4%) 42.8% 428 42 8 (42.8 55% 55 31.6% 316 31 (31.6 40%. 40 40% 40%) analyzed environment (HC (HM (HP (LC (LM (LP 0.0 00 (8 10.4 1 (10. 17.6 76.9 7 (76. 5 10.2 38.4 3 42.8 (42. 31.6 (31. 0. ( 10. (10 17. 76. (76 38. 42. (42 31. (31 (1 (7 (4 (3

ABSTRACT Symbiotic relationships are associations where two or more species live closely associated, including parasitism, phoresis, mutualism, and others. In mites, one of the most common associations occurs between larvae of Leptus (Erythraeidae), a cosmopolitan genus that parasitizes several groups of arthropods. However, in Brazil, these reports are scarce. In the present study, we recorded the number of ectoparasitic erythraeid mite larvae of the genus Leptus found associated to Opiliones of the species Gonyleptes fragilis Mello-Leitão, 1923 (Gonyleptidae) in an Atlantic Forest fragment (Cubatão, São Paulo, Brazil), collected over one year, between the four seasons. We recorded 405 mite larvae associated with 152 opilionid individuals. The intensity and prevalence of mite’s infection, seasonal variation, mite’s preference for body parts and host sex were the parameters used to determine host-parasite relationship. Mean infestation intensity (number of mites per individual) ranged from 0.3 to 11.3 with maximum observed intensity of 20 mites/individual. There was no sexual host preference and regarding seasonality, there were differences between infestation intensity and season with infestation being higher in summer compared to the other seasons. As for location, most mites were found in the median region of the dorsal shield, near the median frame of area III and IV. This study provides the first description of annual and seasonal variation in mite infestation on Opiliones in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. parasitism phoresis mutualism others Erythraeidae, Erythraeidae , (Erythraeidae) arthropods However Brazil scarce MelloLeitão, MelloLeitão Mello Leitão, Leitão Mello-Leitão 192 Gonyleptidae (Gonyleptidae Cubatão, Cubatão (Cubatão Paulo Brazil) year seasons 40 15 individuals s infection hostparasite parasite relationship individual 03 0 3 0. 113 11 11. 2 mitesindividual mites/individual seasonality location shield IV (Erythraeidae 19 4 1

RESUMO Relações simbióticas são associações onde duas ou mais espécies vivem intimamente associadas, incluindo parasitismo, forese, mutualismo e outros. Em ácaros, uma das associações mais comuns ocorre entre larvas de Leptus (Erythraeidae), gênero cosmopolita que parasita diversos grupos de artrópodes. No entanto, no Brasil, esses relatos são escassos. No presente estudo, registramos o número de larvas ectoparasitas de ácaros eritreídeos do gênero Leptus encontradas associadas a opiliões da espécie Gonyleptes fragilis Mello-Leitão, 1923 (Gonyleptidae) em um fragmento de Mata Atlântica (Cubatão, São Paulo, Brasil), coletadas ao longo de um ano, entre as quatro estações. Registramos 405 larvas de ácaros associadas a 152 indivíduos de opiliões. A intensidade e prevalência da infecção do ácaro, variação sazonal, preferência do ácaro por partes do corpo e sexo do hospedeiro foram os parâmetros usados para determinar a relação parasita-hospedeiro. A intensidade média de infestação (número de ácaros por indivíduo) variou de 0,3 a 11,3 com intensidade máxima observada de 20 ácaros/indivíduo. Não houve preferência sexual do hospedeiro e quanto à sazonalidade, houve diferenças entre intensidade de infestação e estação do ano, sendo a infestação maior no verão em relação às outras estações. Quanto à localização, a maioria dos ácaros foi encontrada na região mediana do escudo dorsal, próximo à região mediana das áreas III e IV. Este estudo fornece a primeira descrição da variação anual e sazonal na infestação de ácaros em opiliões na Mata Atlântica brasileira. parasitismo forese outros Erythraeidae, Erythraeidae , (Erythraeidae) artrópodes entanto Brasil escassos MelloLeitão, MelloLeitão Mello Leitão, Leitão Mello-Leitão 192 Gonyleptidae (Gonyleptidae Cubatão, Cubatão (Cubatão Paulo Brasil) ano estações 40 15 parasitahospedeiro. parasitahospedeiro hospedeiro. parasita-hospedeiro indivíduo 03 0 3 0, 113 11 11, 2 ácarosindivíduo ácaros/indivíduo sazonalidade localização dorsal IV brasileira (Erythraeidae 19 4 1

ABSTRACT. Ticks are obligate ectoparasite arthropods of the class Arachnida distributed worldwide and can parasitize many animals. They constitute one of the most important groups of vectors of infectious diseases, including zoonoses. The objective of this study was to report the parasitism by Amblyomma ovale Koch, 1844 in a domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris Linnaeus, 1758) in Santa Maria, in the central region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Two specimens of ectoparasites found on a domestic dog, living in a rural property, were sent to the Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology at the Federal University of Santa Maria for taxonomic identification. The two specimens found were classified as adult male and female of A. ovale. Through this study, the parasitism of this species is reported for the first time in the central region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, in a domestic dog, allowing the infestation and transmission of diseases to humans. ABSTRACT animals zoonoses Koch 184 Canis Linnaeus 1758 Sul Brazil property identification A humans 18 175 1 17

ABSTRACT The Portuguese intellectual António Sérgio (1883-1969) stood out for his cosmopolitan interpretation of Portuguese history, opposing attempts to instrumentalize history in a nationalist way, particularly those who saw Expansion as a virtuous collective action. This article analyzes the beginning of his interpretative work by revisiting the polemic with Jaime Cortesão (circa 1910), to show how Sérgio’s cosmopolitan path favored the incorporation of critical inspirations from authors of other nationalities, especially his contemporary Brazilian intellectuals, who opposed racial determinism, mixing, like him, pedagogical concerns with those of historical understanding, as well as believing that national ills, largely common because history is common, could be solved through education. These concerns were part of an organicist mindset, tinged with liberal and socialist ideals, the sociological dimension of which we have highlighted. 18831969 1883 1969 (1883-1969 way action circa 1910, 1910 , 1910) Sérgios s nationalities intellectuals determinism mixing him understanding ills education mindset ideals highlighted 1883196 188 196 (1883-196 191 188319 18 19 (1883-19 18831 1 (1883-1 (1883- (1883 (188 (18 (1 (

RESUMO O intelectual português António Sérgio (1883-1969) destacou-se pela sua interpretação cosmopolita da história de Portugal, se contrapondo às tentativas de instrumentalização nacionalista da história, em particular daquelas que viam na Expansão uma ação coletiva virtuosa. O presente artigo analisa o início desse seu trabalho interpretativo revisitando a polêmica com Jaime Cortesão (circa 1910), para mostrar como o próprio percurso cosmopolita de Sérgio favoreceu a incorporação de inspirações críticas de autores de outras nacionalidades, sobretudo intelectuais brasileiros seus contemporâneos, os quais se opunham ao determinismo rácico, misturando, como ele, as preocupações pedagógicas com as da compreensão histórica, assim como acreditando que os males nacionais, em boa parte comuns por comum ser a história, se resolveriam pela educação. Essas preocupações inscreviam-se num pensamento de matriz organicista, tingida de ideais liberais e socialistas, cuja dimensão sociológica relevamos. 18831969 1883 1969 (1883-1969 destacouse destacou Portugal virtuosa circa 1910, 1910 , 1910) nacionalidades contemporâneos rácico misturando ele histórica nacionais educação inscreviamse inscreviam organicista socialistas relevamos 1883196 188 196 (1883-196 191 188319 18 19 (1883-19 18831 1 (1883-1 (1883- (1883 (188 (18 (1 (

ABSTRACT Great advances were made in recent years regarding the description of immatures of Cassidinae and their taxonomy as a whole, but many taxa remain undescribed. This study focuses on updating morphological data for Hybosa acutangula Spaeth, 1913 (Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae: Ischyrosonychini), a tortoise beetle native of South America, which was collected in Fridericia florida (DC.) L. G. Lohmann in the Brazilian Cerrado. We provide descriptions and illustrations of the morphology of the larva, pupa, and genitalia of adults, all of which are novel for this genus. The main discerning features for this species among other Ischyrosonychini are the lack of dark patterns in the dorsum of either the larvae, being limited to the dark scoli and the cranium, or the pupae, and a much reduced anal fork. We also present the first record of parasitism by Chalcididae wasps, Brachymeria sp. Westwood, 1832 and Conura sp. Spinola, 1837. Morphological comparisons remain limited demanding further studies with other species of Ischyrosonychini, as to better understand the placement of this species within the taxonomy of tortoise beetles. whole undescribed Spaeth 191 Chrysomelidae (Chrysomelidae , Ischyrosonychini) America DC. DC (DC. L G Cerrado larva pupa adults genus larvae cranium pupae fork wasps sp Westwood 183 Spinola 1837 beetles 19 (DC 18 1

Abstract The domestic cat is not considered a primary host for any specific tick species; however, it can be affected by some Ixodidae species, such as Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato and Amblyomma spp. The study reports parasitism by Amblyomma auricularium and the detection of anti-Rickettsia spp. antibodies in domestic cats from a rural property in the Afrânio municipality, Pernambuco, Brazil. Amblyomma auricularium (24 nymphs, six females, and four males) and Amblyomma sp. (42 larvae) parasitized three cats, and 73 free-living ticks were captured in armadillo burrows: A. auricularium (36 nymphs, six females, five males) and Amblyomma sp. (26 larvae). Blood samples from cats were collected and the obtained plasma were subjected to indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) to detect antibodies against Rickettsia antigens. Thus, anti-Rickettsia spp. antibodies were determined (titers ranging from 128 to 512) and showed a predominant antibody response to Rickettsia amblyommatis or a very closely related genotype. This study reports the first infestation of nymphs and adults of A. auricularium on cats in a new area of occurrence in the semi-arid region of Northeastern Brazil and reports for the first time the presence of anti-Ricketsia antibodies in cats in the region, with R. amblyommatis as the probable infectious agent. species however spp antiRickettsia anti municipality Pernambuco 24 (2 females males sp 42 (4 larvae 7 freeliving free living burrows A 36 (3 26 larvae. . IFA (IFA antigens Thus titers 12 512 genotype semiarid semi arid antiRicketsia Ricketsia R agent 2 ( 4 3 1 51 5

Resumo O gato doméstico não é considerado hospedeiro para nenhuma espécie de carrapato. Pode, entretanto, ser afetado por algumas espécies de Ixodídeos, como Rhipicephalus sanguineus e Amblyomma spp. Este estudo relata o parasitismo por Amblyomma auricularium e detecção de anticorpos anti-Rickettsia spp. em gatos domésticos, em uma propriedade rural no município de Afrânio, Pernambuco, Brasil. Amblyomma auricularium (24 ninfas, seis fêmeas e quatro machos) e Amblyomma sp. (42 larvas) parasitavam os gatos, e 73 carrapatos de vida-livre foram capturados em tocas de tatus: A. auricularium (36 ninfas, seis fêmeas, cindo machos) e Amblyomma sp. (26 larvas). Amostras de sangue dos três gatos foram coletadas, e os plasmas obtidos foram submetidos à reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI) para a detecção de anticorpos contra antígenos de Rickettsia. Dessa forma, anticorpos anti-Rickettsia spp. foram determinados (títulos variando de 256 a 512) e demonstraram uma resposta predominante para Rickettsia amblyommatis ou genótipo próximo. Este estudo relata, pela primeira vez, infestação de ninfas e adultos A. auricularium em gatos em uma nova área de ocorrência na região semiárida do nordeste do Brasil. E, também relata, pela primeira vez, a presença de anticorpos anti-Ricketsia em gatos na região, com R. amblyommatis como agente provável pela infecção. carrapato Pode entretanto Ixodídeos spp antiRickettsia anti domésticos Afrânio Pernambuco Brasil 24 (2 machos sp 42 (4 larvas 7 vidalivre vida livre tatus A 36 (3 26 larvas. . coletadas RIFI (RIFI forma títulos 25 512 próximo vez E antiRicketsia Ricketsia R infecção 2 ( 4 3 51 5

Abstract A male of Pteronura brasiliensis (Carnivora: Mustelidae) was found dead on the banks of the Rio Negro, in the Pantanal wetlands of Mato Grosso do Sul state, Aquidauana municipality. Two ticks found attached to its skin were morphologically identified as a second-instar nymph of Ornithodoros rostratus (Argasidae) and a male of Amblyomma sculptum (Ixodidae). In order to complement the morphological identification, these tick specimens were subjected to DNA extraction, and tested using PCR assays to confirm the molecular identity the specimens. Also, the tick DNA samples were tested and were negative in the PCR assays for all the pathogens tested. We also examined 30 batches, consisting of 174 individuals of O. rostratus deposited in the Acari Collection of the Butantan Institute, and we found material from four Brazilian states, including one batch containing 2 males and 2 females from Aquidauana, of Mato Grosso do Sul state, collected from the soil. This was therefore the first record of O. rostratus parasitizing P. brasiliensis and the first locality record (Aquidauana). Likewise, A. sculptum is commonly found in the Pantanal and is reported here for the second time parasitizing the giant otter, which is a host little studied regarding the ectoparasites. Carnivora (Carnivora Mustelidae Negro state municipality secondinstar instar Argasidae (Argasidae Ixodidae. Ixodidae . (Ixodidae) identification extraction Also 3 batches 17 O Institute states soil P Aquidauana. (Aquidauana) Likewise otter ectoparasites (Ixodidae 1 (Aquidauana

Resumo Um macho de Pteronura brasiliensis (Carnivora: Mustelidae) foi encontrado morto às margens do Rio Negro, no Pantanal do estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, município de Aquidauana. Dois carrapatos encontrados aderidos à sua pele foram identificados, morfologicamente, como uma ninfa de segundo ínstar de Ornithodoros rostratus (Argasidae) e um macho de Amblyomma sculptum (Ixodidae). Para complementar a identificação morfológica, esses espécimes de carrapatos foram submetidos à extração de DNA e testados por meio de ensaios de PCR, para confirmar a identidade molecular dos espécimes. Além disso, os extraídos dos carrapatos foram testados e revelaram-se negativos nos ensaios de PCR para todos os patógenos testados. Também foram examinados 30 lotes, compostos por 174 indivíduos de O. rostratus, depositados na Coleção Acari do Instituto Butantan, e encontramos material de quatro estados brasileiros, incluindo-se um lote contendo 2 machos e 2 fêmeas de Aquidauana, estado de Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), coletado do solo. Este foi, portanto, o primeiro registro de O. rostratus parasitando P. brasiliensis e o primeiro registro de localidade (Aquidauana). Da mesma forma, A. sculptum é comumente encontrado no Pantanal e relatado aqui, pela segunda vez, parasitando a ariranha, hospedeiro pouco estudado em relação a ectoparasitas. Carnivora (Carnivora Mustelidae Negro Aquidauana identificados morfologicamente Argasidae (Argasidae Ixodidae. Ixodidae . (Ixodidae) morfológica disso revelaramse revelaram se 3 lotes 17 O Butantan brasileiros incluindose incluindo MS, MS , (MS) solo portanto P (Aquidauana) forma A aqui vez ariranha ectoparasitas (Ixodidae 1 (MS (Aquidauana

Abstract The big-headed Amazon River turtle, Peltocephalus dumerilianus, is endemic to the Orinoco and Amazon River basins. It is a food source for local communities, often unsustainably. Knowledge about P. dumerilianus’ parasitological fauna and host-parasite relationships is limited. Thus, ecological aspects of gastrointestinal parasitism in this species were investigated. Helminths were found in the gastrointestinal tract of 21 turtles, morphologically identified, and infection descriptors calculated. All animals harbored helminths: nematodes Ancyracanthus pinnatifidus, Paratractis hystrix, Atractis trematophila, Klossinemella conciliatus indeterminate three Klossinemella species, and digeneans Nematophila grandis, Helicotrema spirale, and Telorchis hagmanni. The highest parasite load occurred in the large intestine, followed by the small intestine and stomach. Shell length directly correlated with parasite burden of heteroxenic helminths, with males having higher burden than females. This is the first record of A. trematophila, K. conciliatus, and T. hagmanni in P. dumerilianus, and new location record for A. trematophila, P. hystrix, N. grandis, H. spirale, and T. hagmanni. Three potentially new Klossinemella species are presented. bigheaded big headed turtle dumerilianus basins communities unsustainably P hostparasite host limited Thus investigated 2 turtles identified calculated helminths pinnatifidus hystrix trematophila grandis spirale stomach females A K T N H presented

Resumo O cabeçudo, Peltocephalus dumerilianus, é endêmico das bacias dos rios Orinoco e Amazonas. Ele é uma fonte de alimento para as comunidades locais, frequentemente de maneira insustentável. O conhecimento sobre a fauna parasitológica de P. dumerilianus e suas relações hospedeiro-parasito são limitados. Assim, investigou-se os aspectos ecológicos do parasitismo gastrointestinal nessa espécie. Helmintos encontrados no trato gastrointestinal de 21 tartarugas, foram identificados morfologicamente e descritores de infecção calculados. Todos os animais abrigavam helmintos: nematoides Ancyracanthus pinnatifidus, Paratractis hystrix, Atractis trematophila, Klossinemella conciliatus e três espécies de Klossinemella indeterminados, além dos digenéticos Nematophila grandis, Helicotrema spirale e Telorchis hagmanni. A maior carga parasitária ocorreu no intestino grosso, seguida pelo intestino delgado e estômago. O comprimento da carapaça correlacionou-se diretamente com a carga de parasitos de helmintos heteroxênicos, e os machos apresentaram uma carga parasitária maior que as fêmeas. Este é o primeiro registro de A. trematophila, K. conciliatus e T. hagmanni em P. dumerilianus, e um novo registro de local para A. trematophila, P. hystrix, N. grandis, H. spirale e T. hagmanni. Três potenciais novas espécies de Klossinemella são apresentadas. cabeçudo Amazonas locais insustentável P hospedeiroparasito hospedeiro parasito limitados Assim investigouse investigou se espécie 2 tartarugas calculados pinnatifidus hystrix trematophila indeterminados grandis grosso estômago correlacionouse correlacionou heteroxênicos fêmeas K T N H apresentadas

Abstract The objective of the current study was to carry out a survey of the main anatomopathological alterations in raising quails and evaluate possible interference of these in the bone tissue. To obtain the data, 23 quails were collected from farm in the central Serrana region of Espírito Santo. Necropsies with macroscopic descriptions, microbiological, coproparasitological, radiographic and histomorphometric tests were carried out. It was done data descriptive analysis and average comparision using Student T test. It was found that they presented lesions predominantly in the digestive system, followed by urinary and reproductive, and muscular system, were the altered color of the liver (47%) was the most frequent lesion. In the parasitological exams, it was found oocysts of Eimeira sp. (39.13%). In the microbiological exams, it was detected predominantly Escherichia coli (83%). Moderate osteopenia in quails, but the percentage of trabecular bone on bones was similar between healthy and diseased quails, without bone changes in histology. Microscopically, it was observed lung congestion as predominant lesion. It is concluded that there was predominance of alterations in the digestive system and mild parasitic infection; and although there was moderate level of osteopenia, there wasn’t bone change as a result of the observed infections. tissue 2 Santo descriptions coproparasitological test reproductive 47% 47 (47% lesion exams sp 39.13%. 3913 39.13% . 39 13 (39.13%) 83%. 83 83% (83%) histology Microscopically infection wasnt wasn t infections 4 (47 391 39.13 3 1 (39.13% 8 (83% (4 39.1 (39.13 (83 ( 39. (39.1 (8 (39. (39 (3