Worldwide, millions of people suffer from neurological and psychiatric conditions, such as schizophrenia, depression, and neurodegenerative diseases. These conditions are often linked to hyperactivity of monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) in the brain, and inhibiting this enzyme can reduce oxidative stress, stabilize neurotransmitter levels, and alleviate symptoms. In this context, a pharmacophoric model was created using PharmaGist with 31 hits extracted from BindingDB to enable a pharmacophoric-based search of potential MAO-B inhibitors in ZincPharmer’s chemical space, followed by the building of 10 conformers for each molecule in the software OMEGA, screening for structural and electrostatic similarity to safinamide using ROCS (Rapid overlay of chemical structures) and EON (Electrostatic similarity for lead-hopping), respectively. In addition, the molecular docking with Gold using the score function was performed to rank the ligands with the highest probabilities of affinity to MAO-B and then discriminate those with suitable physical chemical, pharmacokinetic, and toxicological features using the tools QikProp, SwissADME, and DEREK. Four potential ligands with selective MAO-B inhibitor properties were identified, which show promise as future therapeutic agents for MAO-B-related disorders. Worldwide schizophrenia depression diseases MAOB MAO (MAO-B brain stress levels symptoms context 3 pharmacophoricbased based ZincPharmers ZincPharmer s space 1 OMEGA Rapid structures Electrostatic leadhopping, leadhopping lead hopping , lead-hopping) respectively addition pharmacokinetic QikProp SwissADME DEREK identified MAOBrelated related disorders lead-hopping

Abstract Purpose: To adapt and validate in Sonora the scale to measure Attitudes towards Transgender People in University Students (EATU), which measures the inclusion of trans people in Higher Education Institutions (HEIS). Methodological design: Quantitative, cross-sectional and non-experimental study. 860 participants were selected among three HEIS, with non-probabilistic and intentional sampling. A 4-point Likert-type scale survey was applied that evaluates transinclusive attitudes. Reliability was obtained with Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega. For validity, the sample was randomly divided into two; In subsample 1, an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was carried out and in subsample 2, the model resulting from the EFA was tested using a Structural Equation Model (SEM). Results: The EFA yielded a final solution EATU of 32 items grouped into 3 dimensions called sensitivity, coexistence and cisexist stigma, with values that demonstrate validity and reliability. The SEM generated a model with indices of fitness in a final solution of 17 items and 3 correlated dimensions with acceptable coefficients. Research limitations: The measurement of transinclusion attitudes in a society where it has been documented that such construct is barely being developing, and the failure to collect demographic data on the sample about their religious beliefs. Findings: A measurement instrument on transinclusive attitudes for key social actors interested in promoting the inclusion of trans people, their human rights and substantive equality.

Resumen Objetivo: Adaptar y validar en el contexto sonorense la Escala para medir Actitudes hacia las Personas Transgénero en Estudiantes Universitarios (EATU) que mide la inclusión de personas trans en Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES). Diseño metodológico: Es un estudio cuantitativo, transversal y no experimental. De tres IES, participaron 860 personas seleccionadas con muestreo no probabilístico e intencional. Se aplicó una escala tipo Likert de 4 puntos que evalúa actitudes transincluyentes. La fiabilidad se obtuvo con alfa de Cronbach y omega de McDonald. Para la validez la muestra se dividió al azar en dos; en la submuestra 1 se llevó a cabo un Análisis Factorial Exploratorio (AFE) y en la submuestra 2 se probó el modelo resultante del AFE mediante un Modelo de Ecuaciones Estructurales (MEE). Resultados: El AFE arrojó una solución final de la EATU de 32 ítems agrupados en 3 dimensiones denominadas sensibilidad, convivencia y estigma cisexista, con valores de fiabilidad superiores a .90 y de cargas factoriales superiores a .36. El MEE generó un modelo con índices de bondad de ajuste en una solución final de 17 ítems y 3 dimensiones correlacionadas con coeficientes superiores a .46. Limitaciones de la investigación: La medición de actitudes de transinclusión en una sociedad donde se ha documentado que tal constructo está en desarrollo y el no recabar datos demográficos en la muestra sobre sus creencias religiosas. Hallazgos: Un instrumento de medida sobre actitudes transincluyentes para actores sociales clave interesados en la promoción de la inclusión de las personas trans, sus derechos humanos y la igualdad sustantiva.

ABSTRACT Taurine supplementation has shown survival and feeding efficiency in larval fish development. Thus, the present study aims to evaluate the effects of adding taurine to the longfin yellowtail (Seriola rivoliana) diet for 60 days. Fish (n = 270) were distributed in three treatments: T0 without taurine, T1, and T2, supplemented with taurine at 1 and 2%, respectively. Growth performance, blood serum biochemistry, fatty acid, and amino acid profiles in skeletal muscle were evaluated. Notable improvements (P < 0.05) were observed in T1 and T2 in terms of specific growth rate (SGR) and weight gain (WG). Survival rates (SR) did not show significant differences (P > 0.05). In addition, a decrease was observed in intraperitoneal fat (IPF). Still, an increase was observed in blood parameters, including higher total protein (TP) and globulin (GLO) concentration, as well as a reduction in cholesterol (CHO) levels. Changes in fatty acid profiles were also detected in skeletal muscle with an increase in omega-3 fatty acids (EPA and DHA) and elevation in taurine concentration in T2. The results showed that adding 20 g kg-1 of taurine to the diet improved growth, skeletal muscle, and blood serum biochemistry. Therefore, the use of higher taurine concentrations is recommended in future studies to understand fully the extent of the benefits to longfin yellowtail juveniles.

Abstract Introduction: Care towards nutrition is essential for the quality of a sustainable aquaculture product. Since the balance in food affects the growth and production of gametes. The circular economy is made possible through the use of discarded materials. Objective: The aim of this research was to study the fatty acid composition and metabolic pathways in the gametes of Arbacia dufresnii, with a focus on the implications of incorporating shrimp byproducts into aquaculture feeds. Methods: Four different treatments were designed to maintain optimal nutritional quality, particularly in lipids and proteins, based on previous studies. The fatty acid profiles of the feeds and gametes were analyzed by using gas-chromatography, and statistical analyses were conducted to determine significant differences. Results: Significant differences were observed in the abundance (%) of omega-3 (ω-3) and omega-6 (ω-6) fatty acids. The (ω-3) metabolic pathway was more pronounced in the gametes of wild animals and those fed with the experimental feeds. In contrast, the (ω-6) metabolic pathway was less relevant in these groups. The (ω-3) /(ω-6) ratio was highest in the gametes of wild animals. Feeds enriched in fatty acids enhanced their bioaccumulation in the gametes reaching higher concentrations than wild animals. The availability of fatty acids in foods allowed their bioaccumulation in gametes, with concentrations equal to or higher than those observed in animals in their natural environment for certain fatty acids. Conclusions: Incorporating shrimp byproducts in aquaculture feeds demonstrated a promising strategy for resource utilization and organic input generation. The fatty acid composition in the gametes of A. dufresnii was influenced by the diet, highlighting the potential of balanced feeds to enhance the bioaccumulation of essential fatty acids. These findings provide valuable insights for the development of sustainable aquaculture practices and the production of nutritionally enriched seafood products.

Resumen Introducción: El cuidado hacia la nutrición es fundamental para la calidad de un producto acuícola sostenible. Ya que el balance en los alimentos afecta el crecimiento y producción de los gametos. A partir del aprovechamiento de materias de descarte se posibilita la economía circular. Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar la composición de ácidos grasos y las vías metabólicas en los gametos de Arbacia dufresnii, centrándose en las implicaciones de la incorporación de subproductos de camarones en los alimentos de acuicultura. Métodos: Se diseñaron cuatro tratamientos diferentes para mantener una calidad nutricional óptima, especialmente en lípidos y proteínas, basándose en estudios previos. Se analizaron los perfiles de ácidos grasos de los alimentos y los gametos mediante cromatografía de gases, y se realizaron análisis estadísticos para determinar diferencias significativas. Resultados: Se observaron diferencias significativas en la abundancia (%) de ácidos grasos omega-3 (ω-3) y omega-6 (ω-6). La vía metabólica de (ω-3) fue más pronunciada en los gametos de los animales en su entorno natural y aquellos alimentados con los piensos experimentales. Por el contrario, la vía metabólica de (ω-6) tuvo menos relevancia en estos grupos. La relación (ω-3) /(ω-6) fue más alta en los gametos de los animales en su entorno natural. La disponibilidad de ácidos grasos en los alimentos permitió su bioacumulación en los gametos, con concentraciones iguales o superiores a las observadas en los animales en su entorno natural para ciertos ácidos grasos. Conclusiones: La incorporación de subproductos de camarones en los alimentos de acuicultura demostró ser una estrategia prometedora para la utilización de recursos y la generación de insumos orgánicos. La composición de ácidos grasos en los gametos de A. dufresnii fue influenciada por la dieta, destacando el potencial de los alimentos balanceados para mejorar la bioacumulación de ácidos grasos esenciales. Estos hallazgos brindan información valiosa para el desarrollo de prácticas sostenibles en acuicultura y la producción de productos marinos enriquecidos nutricionalmente.

Abstract The gall wasp, Leptocybe invasa, poses a significant global threat to Eucalyptus cultivation, by causing substantial economic losses. The objective of this study was to differentiate between resistant and susceptible genotypes by morphological characteristics using image analysis based on the damage caused by the gall wasp. In addition, consensus sequences derived from transposable elements (TEs) and the genome of Eucalyptus spp. Were identified by in silico analysis. Furthermore, another objective was to discriminate Eucalyptus genotypes in response to Leptocybe invasa by conducting molecular analyses involving transposable elements and inter simple sequence markers. For image analysis, the GroundEye ® system was used to collect images of 60 leaves from six genotypes, three of which were resistant and three susceptible. Eucalyptus spp. sequences were obtained from the GenBank database by in silico analysis and pairwise alignments with TE sequences were conducted using BLASTN. Multiple sequence alignment was performed with Clustal Omega, followed by the identification of conserved regions in Jalview. A motif signature was generated using Weblogo. For molecular characterization using ISSR markers and TEs, samples of young leaves were obtained from a total of 80 Eucalyptus seedlings, of which 50 were classified as resistant and 30 as susceptible to L. invasa. It was possible to distinguish gall wasp susceptible and resistant genotypes by image analysis. In silico analysis enabled the identification of conserved regions in the Eucalyptus spp. genome, which were associated with proteins involved in secondary metabolite production, e.g., terpenes, which play a role in the response to L. invasa. The discrimination capacity of TEs and ISSR primers was demonstrated and bands were generated that could be used to identify resistant genotypes. However, increasing the number of markers required to discriminate genotypes in both cases is suggested. cultivation losses addition (TEs spp Furthermore 6 BLASTN Omega Jalview Weblogo 8 seedlings 5 3 L production eg e g e.g. terpenes However suggested e.g

Resumo A vespa-da-galha, Leptocybe invasa, representa uma ameaça global significativa para o cultivo de Eucalyptus, causando consideráveis prejuízos econômicos. O objetivo deste estudo foi diferenciar entre genótipos resistentes e suscetíveis por meio de características morfológicas, usando análise de imagem com base nos danos causados pela vespa-da-galha. Além disso, sequências de consenso derivadas de elementos transponíveis (TEs) e do genoma de Eucalyptus spp. foram identificadas por análise in silico. Outro objetivo foi discriminar genótipos de Eucalyptus em resposta a L. invasa, por meio de análises moleculares envolvendo elementos transponíveis e marcadores de sequências simples intercaladas (ISSR). Para a análise de imagem, o sistema GroundEye® foi utilizado para coletar imagens de 60 folhas de seis genótipos, sendo três resistentes e três suscetíveis. Sequências de Eucalyptus spp. foram obtidas do banco de dados GenBank por análise in silico, e alinhamentos de sequências em pares com sequências de TE foram conduzidos usando o BLASTN. Alinhamento de múltiplas sequências foi realizado com Clustal Omega, seguido pela identificação de regiões conservadas no Jalview. Uma assinatura de motivo foi gerada usando o Weblogo. Para a caracterização molecular usando marcadores ISSR e TEs, amostras de folhas jovens foram obtidas de um total de 80 mudas de Eucalyptus, das quais 50 foram classificadas como resistentes e 30 como suscetíveis a L. invasa. Foi possível distinguir genótipos suscetíveis e resistentes à vespa-das-galhas por meio da análise de imagem. A análise in silico permitiu a identificação de regiões conservadas no genoma de Eucalyptus spp., associadas a proteínas envolvidas na produção de metabólitos secundários, como terpenos, que desempenham um papel na resposta a L. invasa. A capacidade de discriminação de TEs e iniciadores ISSR foi demonstrada, e bandas foram geradas que poderiam ser usadas para identificar genótipos resistentes. No entanto, sugere-se aumentar o número de marcadores necessários para discriminar genótipos em ambos os casos. vespadagalha, vespadagalha vespa galha, galha vespa-da-galha invasa econômicos morfológicas vespadagalha. galha. disso (TEs spp L ISSR. . (ISSR) GroundEye 6 BLASTN Omega Jalview Weblogo 8 5 3 vespadasgalhas galhas secundários terpenos demonstrada entanto sugerese sugere se casos (ISSR

Abstract Studies have shown that carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induces hepatic and renal damage arising from oxidative stress. The present study was undertaken to examine the effect of omega-3 fatty acids and/or soya isoflavones on CCl4 induced toxicity in male albino rat liver and kidney. For this purpose, 42 rats were divided as follows: group 1, rats serves as the control without any treatment; group 2, rats were administered a single dose of CCl4 intraperitoneally (1 mg/kg b. wt.); group 3, rats were supplemented daily with omega-300 orally (400 mg/kg b. wt.); group 4, rats were supplemented daily with pro-S orally (50 mg/kg b. wt.); group 5, rats were supplemented daily with omega-300 orally for four weeks, then after 24 hours treated with a single dose of CCl4 at the same tested doses. group 6, rats were supplemented daily with pro- S orally for four weeks, then after 24 hours treated with a single dose of CCl4 at the same tested doses; group 7, rats were supplemented daily with an oral combination of omega-300 and pro-S orally for four weeks, then after 24 hours treated with a single dose of CCl4 at the same tested doses. Results showed that CCl4 administration induces hepatic damage indicated by a significant increase in the activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and Aalanine aminotransferase (ALT) enzymes and glucose level, with a significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels and a significant decrease of reduced glutathione (GSH) level in liver tissue. Also, CCl4 toxicity induce renal damage manifested in a significant increase in serum urea, creatinine, uric acid, and oxidative stress of kidney tissue reflected by increase of MDA, NO and the decrease of GSH levels. The pre-treatment with omega-3 fatty acids and/or soya isoflavones revealed ameliorative effect against deleterious effects of CCl4 toxicity on hepatic and renal tissues and all tested parameters. Results of the current study revealed also that the pre-treatment with omega-3 fatty acids and/or soya isoflavones to rats improved liver and kidney function and produced high antioxidant activity. CCl (CCl4 omega3 omega 3 omega- andor or purpose 4 follows 1 treatment 2 ( mgkg mg kg b wt. wt wt.) omega300 300 omega-30 400 (40 proS pro 50 (5 5 weeks doses 6 7 ALP, ALP , (ALP) AST (AST ALT (ALT MDA (MDA (NO (GSH Also urea creatinine acid pretreatment pre parameters activity (CCl omega30 30 40 (4 (ALP

Resumo Estudos demonstram que o tetracloreto de carbono (CCl4) induz danos hepáticos e renais decorrentes do estresse oxidativo. O presente estudo almejou examinar o efeito de ácidos graxos ômega-3 e/ou isoflavonas de soja na toxicidade induzida por CCl4 no fígado e no rim de ratos albinos machos. Para tanto, 42 ratos foram divididos da seguinte forma: grupo 1, indivíduos que servem como controle sem nenhum tratamento; grupo 2, indivíduos que receberam uma dose única de CCl4 intraperitonealmente (1 ml/kg do peso corporal); grupo 3, indivíduos que foram suplementados diariamente com ômega-300 por via oral (400 mg/kg do peso corporal); grupo 4, indivíduos que foram foram suplementados diariamente com pró-S por via oral (50 mg/kg do peso corporal); grupo 5, indivíduos que foram suplementados diariamente com ômega-300 por via oral por quatro semanas, depois de tratados por 24 horas com uma dose única de CCl4 nas mesmas doses testadas; grupo 6, os indivíduos foram suplementados diariamente com pro-S por via oral por quatro semanas, depois de tratados por 24 horas com uma dose única de CCl4 com as mesmas doses testadas; grupo 7, os indivíduos foram suplementados diariamente com uma combinação oral de ômega-300 e pró-S por via oral por quatro semanas, depois de tratados por 24 horas com uma dose única de CCl4 com as mesmas doses testadas. Os resultados mostraram que a administração de CCl4 induz dano hepático, indicado por um aumento significativo nas atividades das enzimas fosfatase alcalina (ALP), aspartato aminotransferase (AST) e Alanina aminotransferase (ALT) e nível de glicose, com aumento significativo de malondialdeído (MDA) e nítrico, e dos níveis de óxido (NO), além da diminuição significativa do nível de glutationa reduzida (GSH) no tecido hepático. Além disso, a toxicidade do CCl4 induz dano renal manifestado em um aumento significativo da ureia sérica, creatinina, ácido úrico e estresse oxidativo do tecido renal, refletindo no aumento de MDA, NO e diminuição dos níveis de GSH. O pré-tratamento com ácidos graxos como ômega-3 e/ou isoflavonas de soja revelou efeito melhorador contra os efeitos deletérios da toxicidade do CCl4 nos tecidos hepático e renal e em todos os parâmetros testados. Os resultados do presente estudo demonstraram também que o pré-tratamento com ácidos graxos ômega-3 e/ou isoflavonas de soja em ratos melhorou a função hepática e renal e produziu alta atividade antioxidante. CCl (CCl4 ômega3 ômega 3 ômega- eou ou machos tanto 4 forma 1 tratamento 2 ( mlkg ml kg corporal corporal) ômega300 300 ômega-30 400 (40 mgkg mg próS pró S 50 (5 5 semanas testadas 6 proS pro 7 ALP, ALP , (ALP) AST (AST ALT (ALT glicose MDA (MDA nítrico NO, (NO) GSH (GSH disso sérica creatinina prétratamento pré testados antioxidante (CCl ômega30 30 40 (4 (ALP (NO

Resumo Este estudo foi realizado para analisar as composições de ácidos graxos e aminoácidos de três espécies de peixes de água doce economicamente importantes, Mali (Wallago attu), Raho (Labeo rohita) e Mahseer (Tor putitora), nativas do rio Indo, Paquistão. O perfil de aminoácidos foi determinado por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (HPLC), enquanto a cromatografia gasosa (GC) foi usada para análise de ácidos graxos. Ácido glutâmico, ácido aspártico, arginina, alanina, leucina, lisina e isoleucina foram os aminoácidos mais predominantes, enquanto ácido palmítico (C16:0), ácido oleico (C18:1c), ácido palmitolieco (C16:1c), ácidos linolênicos (C18:2c) e ácidos docosahexaenoicos (DHA C22:6) foram os ácidos graxos notáveis presentes nessas espécies. Nossos resultados indicaram que todas as espécies têm composição nutricional comparável e são uma boa fonte de dieta saudável para seres humanos. Nossas descobertas ajudarão as pessoas a fazer escolhas informadas ao selecionar peixes para consumo e abrirão caminho para futuros pesquisadores no planejamento de novas estratégias para aumentar o crescimento e a produção de espécies comerciais de peixes. Além disso, essas informações são úteis para concluir que todas as espécies de peixes em discussão são ricas em aminoácidos e ácidos graxos. Essas espécies contêm aminoácidos essenciais e ácidos graxos importantes, como ômega 3 e ômega 6, aumentando assim a qualidade nutricional dessas espécies. importantes Wallago attu, attu , attu) Labeo rohita Tor putitora, putitora putitora) Indo Paquistão HPLC, HPLC (HPLC) GC (GC glutâmico aspártico arginina alanina leucina predominantes C160, C160 C C16 0 (C16:0) C181c, C181c Cc C18 1c c (C18:1c) C161c, C161c (C16:1c) C182c 2c (C18:2c DHA C226 C22 6 C22:6 humanos disso (HPLC C1 (C16:0 (C18:1c (C16:1c C2 C22: (C16: (C16 (C1 (C

Abstract This study was carried out to analyze the fatty acid and amino acid compositions of three economically important freshwater fish species, Mali (Wallago attu), Raho (Labeo rohita), and Mahseer (Tor putitora), indigenous to Indus River, Pakistan.. Amino acid profiling was done by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) while gas chromatography (GC) was used for fatty acid analysis. Glutamic acid, aspartic acid, arginine, alanine, leucine, lysine and isoleucine were the most predominant amino acid while palmitic acid (C16:0), oleic acid (C18:1c), palmitoliec acid (C16:1c), linolenic acids (C18:2c) and docosahexaenoic acids (DHA C22:6) were the notable fatty acids present in these species. Our results indicated that all species have comparable nutritional composition and are good source of healthy human diet. Our findings will help the people to make informed choice while selecting fish for consumption and will pave the way for future researchers in planning new strategies to enhance the growth and production of commercial fish species. It will also be helpful for theFrom the current finding it was concluded that all fish species under discussion are rich in amino acids and fatty acids. These species contain essential amino acids and important fatty acid such as omega3 and omega 6, thus raising the nutritional quality of these species. Wallago attu, attu , attu) Labeo rohita, rohita rohita) Tor putitora, putitora putitora) River Pakistan Pakistan. highperformance high performance HPLC (HPLC GC (GC analysis arginine alanine leucine C160, C160 C C16 0 (C16:0) C181c, C181c Cc C18 1c c (C18:1c) C161c, C161c (C16:1c) C182c 2c (C18:2c DHA C226 C22 6 C22:6 diet C1 (C16:0 (C18:1c (C16:1c C2 C22: (C16: (C16 (C1 (C

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different levels of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) in the diet of Sardinella brasiliensis on their hematological parameters. A total of 375 fish were distributed in 15 experimental units to evaluate the effects of the diet on their blood for 45 days. The levels of n-3 PUFA added in the diet were 0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, and 1.2% of the lipid fraction. These values represent the total percentage of n-3 PUFA in the lipid fraction of the diet, and 0% n-3 PUFA was used as the negative control. Five fish from each experimental unit were sampled at the end of the experiment for hematological analysis, and the parameters measured include the total number of erythrocytes, hematocrit percentage, hemoglobin and glucose concentration and differential leukocyte count. Higher numbers of circulating eosinophils were observed in fish fed 0.3% and 1.2% n-3 PUFA. Although no significant differences were observed in several of the parameters, the results demonstrate that the health of the sardines was not affected by the addition of n-3 PUFA in their diet. It should be emphasized that this is the first study with emphasis on the blood analysis of S. brasiliensis. omega3 omega 3 omega- n3 n (n- 37 1 4 days n- 0 03 0.3 06 6 0.6 09 9 0.9 12 2 1.2 control erythrocytes count S (n 0. 1.

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes níveis de ácidos graxos poli-insaturados ômega-3 (PUFA n-3) na dieta de Sardinella brasiliensis sobre seus parâmetros hematológicos. Um total de 375 peixes foi distribuído em 15 unidades experimentais para avaliar os efeitos da dieta em seu sangue durante 45 dias. Os níveis de PUFA n-3 adicionados à dieta foram 0, 0,3, 0,6, 0,9 e 1,2% da fração lipídica. Esses valores representam a porcentagem total de PUFA n-3 na fração lipídica da dieta, e 0% de PUFA n-3 foi usado como controle negativo. Cinco peixes de cada unidade experimental foram amostrados no final do experimento para análise hematológica, e os parâmetros medidos incluem o número total de eritrócitos, a porcentagem de hematócrito, a concentração de hemoglobina e glicose e a contagem diferencial de leucócitos. Foram observados números mais altos de eosinófilos circulantes em peixes alimentados com 0,3% e 1,2% de PUFA n-3. Embora não tenham sido observadas diferenças significativas em vários dos parâmetros, os resultados demonstram que a saúde das sardinhas não foi afetada pela adição de PUFA n-3 em sua dieta. Deve ser enfatizado que este é o primeiro estudo realizado com ênfase na análise sanguínea de S. brasiliensis. poliinsaturados poli insaturados ômega3 ômega 3 ômega- n3 n hematológicos 37 1 4 dias n- 0 03 0,3 06 6 0,6 09 9 12 2 1,2 negativo hematológica eritrócitos hematócrito leucócitos n3. 3. S 1,

Abstract: The aim of this study was to estimate genetic parameters and select superior mango genotypes using the mixed-models approach. The 16 genotypes, varieties and hybrid selections, were evaluated regarding physical and physical-chemical traits of the fruit using the REML/BLUP methodology. Mango fruit weight and pulp weight can be selected indirectly based on fruit length and diameter, which are more easily evaluated. The hybrids CPAC 26394, Lita, and Rosa 46 stand out in regard to fruit size. The genotypes R12P09, CPAC 2293, Roxa, Omega, Alfa, and Lita have better quality fruit than the Tommy Atkins variety that is widely used in commercial orchards. The Roxa variety has pulp with little or no fiber, a trait that is of great importance to consumers and for industrial processing. The genotypes Alfa, CPAC 5895, Ômega, R10P08, R12P09, R13P10, Rosa 2, Rosa 36, and Rosa 46 have pulp free of internal breakdown. The varieties and hybrid selections of mango show variability regarding fruit traits, and the REML/BLUP methodology is efficient for selection of genotypes with desirable fruit traits in mango. Abstract mixedmodels mixed models approach 1 physicalchemical chemical REMLBLUP REML BLUP diameter 26394 4 size R12P09 RP R P 2293 Omega Alfa orchards fiber processing 5895 Ômega R10P08 R13P10 2 36 breakdown 2639 R12P0 229 589 R10P0 R13P1 3 263 R12P 22 58 R10P R13P 26 5

Resumo: Objetivou-se estimar parâmetros genéticos e selecionar genótipos superiores de mangueira, utilizando a abordagem de modelos mistos. Os 16 genótipos, variedades e seleções híbridas, foram avaliados quanto aos caracteres físicos e físico-químicos do fruto, utilizando a metodologia REML/BLUP. A massa do fruto e a massa da polpa de mangueira podem ser selecionadas indiretamente com base no comprimento e no diâmetro do fruto, que são mais facilmente avaliados. Os híbridos CPAC 26394, Lita e Rosa 46 destacam-se quanto ao tamanho do fruto. Os genótipos R12P09, CPAC 2293, Roxa, Omega, Alfa e Lita apresentam frutos de melhorqualidade do que a variedade Tommy Atkins, bastante utilizada em pomares comerciais. Avariedade Roxa apresenta polpa com pouca ou nenhuma fibra, característica muito requisitadapor consumidores e para processamento industrial. Já os genótipos Alfa, CPAC 5895, Ômega, R10P08, R12P09, R13P10, Rosa 2, Rosa 36 e Rosa 46 apresentam polpa livre de colapso interno. Resumo Objetivouse Objetivou se mistos 1 híbridas físicoquímicos físico químicos REMLBLUP REML BLUP REML/BLUP 26394 4 destacamse destacam R12P09 RP R P 2293 Omega Atkins comerciais fibra industrial 5895 Ômega R10P08 R13P10 2 3 interno 2639 R12P0 229 589 R10P0 R13P1 263 R12P 22 58 R10P R13P 26 5

RESUMEN Objetivos: realizar adaptación cultural y evaluación de evidencia de validez de la Student Nurse Stressor-15 (SNS-15) Scale para su uso en Brasil. Métodos: estudio psicométrico, realizado desde las etapas de traducción, síntesis, retrotraducción, revisión por un comité de siete expertos, pretest y evaluación de propiedades de medición con 32 y 238 estudiantes de enfermería, respectivamente. Se realizó estadística descriptiva, Análisis Factorial Exploratorio (AFE), Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio (AFC). La confiabilidad del instrumento se estimó mediante el Omega de McDonald (ω). Resultados: AFE subvencionó la distribución de los quince ítems del SNS-15 en cuatro factores. A través de la AFC se lograron índices de ajuste satisfactorios (Comparative Fit Index = 0,94; Tucker-Lewis Index = 0,93; Root Mean Square Error of Approximation = 0,06; Standardized Root Mean Square Residual = 0,16) y ω = 0,86. Conclusiones: la versión brasileña del SNS-15 presenta evidencias que confirman su validez y confiabilidad. Objetivos Stressor15 Stressor 15 Stressor-1 SNS15 SNS (SNS-15 Brasil Métodos psicométrico traducción síntesis retrotraducción expertos 3 23 enfermería respectivamente descriptiva AFE, , (AFE) AFC. . (AFC) ω. (ω) Resultados SNS-1 factores Comparative 0,94 094 0 94 TuckerLewis Tucker Lewis 0,93 093 93 0,06 006 06 0,16 016 16 086 86 0,86 Conclusiones Stressor1 1 Stressor- SNS1 (SNS-1 2 (AFE (AFC (ω SNS- 0,9 09 9 0,0 00 0,1 01 08 8 0,8 (SNS- 0, (SNS

ABSTRACT Objectives: to carry out the cultural adaptation and evaluation of validity evidence of the Student Nurse Stressor-15 (SNS-15) Scale for use in Brazil. Methods: psychometric study, conducted from the stages of translation, synthesis, back-translation, review by a committee of seven experts, pre-test and evaluation of measurement properties with 32 and 238 nursing students, respectively. Descriptive statistics, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were performed. The reliability of the instrument was estimated using McDonald’s Omega (ω). Results: EFA subsidized the distribution of the fifteen SNS-15 items into four factors. Using AFC, satisfactory fit indices were achieved (Comparative Fit Index = 0.94; Tucker-Lewis Index = 0.93; Root Mean Square Error of Approximation = 0.06; Standardized Root Mean Square Residual = 0.16) and ω = 0.86. Conclusions: the Brazilian version of the SNS-15 presents evidence that confirms its validity and reliability. Objectives Stressor15 Stressor 15 Stressor-1 SNS15 SNS (SNS-15 Brazil Methods study translation synthesis backtranslation, backtranslation back back-translation experts pretest pre test 3 23 students respectively statistics EFA, , (EFA) CFA (CFA performed McDonalds McDonald s ω. . (ω) Results SNS-1 factors AFC Comparative 0.94 094 0 94 TuckerLewis Tucker Lewis 0.93 093 93 0.06 006 06 0.16 016 16 086 86 0.86 Conclusions Stressor1 1 Stressor- SNS1 (SNS-1 2 (EFA (ω SNS- 0.9 09 9 0.0 00 0.1 01 08 8 0.8 (SNS- 0. (SNS

RESUMO Objetivos: realizar a adaptação cultural e a avaliação das evidências de validade da Student Nurse Stressor-15 (SNS-15) Scale para uso no Brasil. Métodos: estudo psicométrico, conduzido a partir das etapas de tradução, síntese, retrotradução, revisão por um comitê de sete especialistas, pré-teste e avaliação das propriedades de medida com 32 e 238 estudantes de enfermagem, respectivamente. Realizou-se estatística descritiva, Análise Fatorial Exploratória (AFE), Análise Fatorial Confirmatória (AFC). Estimou-se a confiabilidade do instrumento através do Ômega de McDonald’s (ω). Resultados: a AFE subsidiou a distribuição dos quinze itens da SNS-15 em quatro fatores. Mediante AFC, alcançou-se índices satisfatórios de ajuste (Comparative Fit Index = 0,94; Tucker-Lewis Index = 0,93; Root Mean Square Error of Approximation = 0,06; Standardized Root Mean Square Residual = 0,16) e ω = 0,86. Conclusões: a versão brasileira da SNS-15 apresenta evidências que confirmam sua validade e confiabilidade. Objetivos Stressor15 Stressor 15 Stressor-1 SNS15 SNS (SNS-15 Brasil Métodos psicométrico tradução síntese retrotradução especialistas préteste pré teste 3 23 enfermagem respectivamente Realizouse Realizou se descritiva AFE, , (AFE) AFC. AFC . (AFC) Estimouse Estimou McDonalds McDonald s ω. (ω) Resultados SNS-1 fatores alcançouse alcançou Comparative 0,94 094 0 94 TuckerLewis Tucker Lewis 0,93 093 93 0,06 006 06 0,16 016 16 086 86 0,86 Conclusões Stressor1 1 Stressor- SNS1 (SNS-1 2 (AFE (AFC (ω SNS- 0,9 09 9 0,0 00 0,1 01 08 8 0,8 (SNS- 0, (SNS

Abstract A number of studies have focused on the evaluation of the relationship between pre-pregnancy overweight and polyunsaturated fatty acids content in human milk. However, given the complexity of potentially confounding risk factors, the use of graphical tools is recommended to identify possible biases. This article aims to propose a theoretical model of causality using the directed acyclic graph between pre-pregnancy overweight and polyunsaturated fatty acids content in human milk. Methods: An extensive literature review was performed to identify variables with causal relationships with exposure and/or outcome. The choice of variables for adjustment followed the graphic algorithm that comprises six criteria for selecting a minimum set of potentially confounding variables. Socioeconomic conditions, interpartum interval, maternal age and food consumption pattern were the variables that would have to be adjusted in order to estimate the total effect of pre-pregnancy overweight on polyunsaturated fatty acids content in human milk. The minimum set of variables found in the present study can be used in the analysis of other studies that evaluate this association. prepregnancy pre pregnancy milk However factors biases Methods andor or outcome conditions interval association

Resumo Inúmeros estudos têm se detido na avaliação da associação entre o excesso de peso pré-gestacional e os ácidos graxos poli-insaturados no leite humano. Todavia, diante da complexidade de fatores de risco potencialmente confundidores, é recomendável a utilização de ferramentas gráficas para identificar possíveis vieses. O objetivo deste artigo é propor um modelo teórico de causalidade utilizando o gráfico acíclico direcionado entre o excesso de peso pré-gestacional e os ácidos graxos poli-insaturados no leite humano. Foi realizada ampla revisão da literatura para identificar as variáveis com relações causais com a exposição e/ou desfecho. A escolha das variáveis para ajuste seguiu o algoritmo gráfico que compreende seis critérios para a seleção de um conjunto mínimo de variáveis potencialmente confundidoras. Condições socioeconômicas, intervalo interpartal, idade materna e padrão de consumo alimentar foram as variáveis ajustadas a fim de se estimar o efeito total do excesso de peso pré-gestacional sobre o conteúdo dos ácidos graxos poli-insaturados no leite humano. O conjunto mínimo de variáveis encontrado pelo presente estudo pode ser utilizado na análise de outros estudos que avaliem essa associação. prégestacional pré gestacional poliinsaturados poli insaturados humano Todavia confundidores vieses eou ou desfecho confundidoras socioeconômicas interpartal

Glycerophospholipids (GP) are important lipids of direct relevance to health and disease, and in marine fish, they are often enriched in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) due to marine microorganisms consumption. It has been speculated that the different diets and habitats to which Amazonian fish are exposed can be ascribed to different lipid compositions, differently than those that occur in marine fish. Here, the GP in Amazonian fish is investigated to achieve nutritional value. Using mass spectrometry and multivariate statistical analysis, we investigated the GP composition of muscles and livers from nine species of wild Amazonian fish. GP profiles mainly comprised a diversity of phosphatidylcholines and varied according to eating habits, the season of capture, and tissue metabolism. In this sense, our results may help in the future aquaculture as a potential source of lipid-based nutrient supplementation to supply food to eradicate global hunger. (GP disease omega3 omega 3 omega- PUFA (PUFA consumption compositions Here value analysis habits capture metabolism sense lipidbased based hunger

Abstract Background Skepticism has traditionally been associated with critical thinking. However, philosophy has proposed a particular type of skepticism, termed naive skepticism, which may increase susceptibility to misinformation, especially when contrasting information from official sources. While some scales propose to measure skepticism, they are scarce and only measure specific topics; thus, new instruments are needed to assess this construct. Objective This study aimed to develop a scale to measure naive skepticism in the adult population. Method The study involved 446 individuals from the adult population. Subjects were randomly selected for either the pilot study (phase 2; n = 126) or the validity-testing study (phase 3; n = 320). Parallel analyses and exploratory structural equation modelling were conducted to assess the internal structure of the test. Scale reliability was estimated using Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega coefficients Finally, a multigroup confirmatory factor analysis was performed to assess invariance, and a Set- Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling was applied to estimate evidence of validity based on associations with other variables. Results The naive skepticism scale provided adequate levels of reliability (ω > 0.8), evidence of validity based on the internal structure of the test (CFI = 0.966; TLI = 0.951; RMSEA = 0.079), gender invariance, and a moderate inverse effect on attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccines. Conclusions The newly developed naive skepticism scale showed acceptable psychometric properties in an adult population, thus enabling the assessment of naive skepticism in similar demographics. This paper discusses the implications for the theoretical construct and possible limitations of the scale. thinking However misinformation sources topics population 44 phase 2 126 validitytesting testing 3 320. 320 . 320) Cronbachs Cronbach s McDonalds McDonald Finally invariance Set variables ω 0.8, 08 0.8 , 0 8 0.8) CFI 0.966 0966 966 0.951 0951 951 0.079, 0079 0.079 079 0.079) COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 vaccines demographics 4 12 32 0. 0.96 096 96 0.95 095 95 007 0.07 07 COVID1 1 COVID- 0.9 09 9 00 0.0

ABSTRACT This article analyses the validity evidence based on the internal structure and reliability of the 12-item Herth Hope Index in a sample of 1255 inhabitants of the city of Arequipa (46.3% men and 53.7% women), located in the south of Peru. Five models were tested by confirmatory factor analysis and, based on the results, comparisons were made according to sex and age. The results suggest a two-factor structure similar to that reported in a sample from Lima. These factors are Optimism and Agencies. Regarding reliability, the first factor obtained adequate levels of internal consistency through McDonald's Omega test and Cronbach's Alpha test; while the second factor obtained low but acceptable levels of reliability with both tests. Likewise, no gender differences were recorded, although there were differences with respect to age in the agency dimension, given the results of low reliability in this dimension, it is suggested to take these results with caution.

RESUMEN El presente artículo analiza la evidencia de validez basada en la estructura interna y la confiabilidad del Índice de Esperanza de Herth de 12 reactivos en una muestra de 1255 habitantes de la ciudad de Arequipa (46.3% hombres y 53.7% mujeres), ubicada al sur de Perú. Se pusieron a prueba cinco modelos mediante análisis factorial confirmatorio y sobre la base de los resultados, se realizaron comparaciones en función del sexo y la edad. Los resultados sugieren una estructura de dos factores similar a la reportada en una muestra de Lima. Estos factores son Optimismo y Agencias. Con respecto a la confiabilidad, el primer factor obtuvo adecuados niveles de consistencia interna mediante la prueba Omega de McDonald y la prueba Alfa de Cronbach, mientras que el segundo factor obtuvo niveles bajos pero aceptables de confiabilidad con ambas pruebas. Asimismo, no se registraron diferencias en función del sexo, aunque sí con respecto a la edad en la dimensión de agencias, pero dados los resultados de baja confiabilidad en esta dimensión, se sugiere tomar estos resultados con cautela.

Abstract Objectives Montelukast is a well-known leukotriene receptor antagonist commonly used in treating allergic rhinitis and asthma. Omega-3 fatty acid is also known as an antiallergic and immunomodulator molecule. This study aimed to elucidate the efficacy of systemic montelukast and omega-3 fatty acid treatment in allergic rhinitis models in Wistar Hannover rats. Methods This research was conducted on 28 healthy Wistar Hannover rats weighing 250-350 g. After establishing the allergic rhinitis model, nasal symptoms were observed and scored, and the nasal mucosa of all rats was investigated histologically. Light microscopy was utilized to evaluate the degree of ciliary loss, goblet cell hyperplasia, vascular congestion, vascular proliferation, inflammatory cell infiltration, eosinophil infiltration, and hypertrophy in chondrocytes. Results As a result of the analysis of the data obtained from the study, it was determined that typical allergic rhinitis symptoms such as nasal scratching and sneezing were significantly reduced in the rats in the montelukast and omega-3 treated group, and these symptoms did not increase after repeated intranasal OVA-protease applications. Histological examinations after fish oil treatment did not reveal typical inflammatory changes in allergic rhinitis. None of the rats in the montelukast and omega-3 groups had any increase in goblet cells, whereas 14.3% of the rats in the control group and 28.6% of the rats in the allergic rhinitis group had mild increase. Last but not least, 71.4% of rats in the allergic rhinitis group had a moderate increase. The difference between the groups was statistically significant (p< 0.001). Conclusion Regarding the outcomes of this research, it was observed that w-3 fatty acids had antiallergic effects, both histopathological and clinical, in the allergic rhinitis model. We believe that further randomized controlled trials incorporating larger cohorts are warranted to verify the use of omega-3 fatty acids in treating allergic rhinitis. The level of evidence of this article is Level 2. wellknown well asthma Omega3 Omega 3 Omega- molecule omega3 omega omega- 2 250350 250 350 250-35 g model scored histologically loss hyperplasia congestion proliferation infiltration chondrocytes OVAprotease OVA protease applications cells 143 14 14.3 286 6 28.6 least 714 71 4 71.4 p< p (p 0.001. 0001 0.001 . 0 001 0.001) w3 w w- effects clinical 25035 25 35 250-3 1 14. 28. 7 71. 000 0.00 00 2503 250- 0.0 0.