Abstract This paper’s research focuses on a multidimensional racism suffered by Haitians migrants in the Dominican Republic, which appears to be social and political as well. The direct experience of the author in the Dominican Republic strengthens an empirical and theoretical analysis for questioning a possible correlation between Dominican politics, nationalism, and popular support for the general exclusion, within the Dominican national system, of Haitian migrants. Through an initial review of relevant literature, from the fields of Sociology and Migration, this article defines the concept of Agamben’s Homo Sacer. Agamben’s theoretical contribution is useful to identify the state’s will to exclude Haitian migrants. In addition, Sayad’s concept of State-thinking will also be used. Moreover, the historical focus on community’s search for national identity relies on Rappaport’s works and then related to the Dominican Republic. Exclusion and marginalization of Haitian migrants is also analyzed by outlining the lack of governmental data and updated information about immigrants, leading to hypothetical correlations between State-promoted illegalization of Haitian migrants, enforced by local politics, and a social dimension of racial nationalism. With a focus on International Relations on Political Science, the study describes that the current Dominican government, headed by President Luis Abinader, shows a trend influenced by a past heritage of political realism and nationalism in its bilateral relations with Haiti, since, it is worth noting, there seems to be relevant consensus in the Dominican society for such hardline policies.

Resumen Este trabajo analiza la presencia de un racismo multidimensional, de carácter social y político, padecido por los migrantes haitianos en República Dominicana. La experiencia directa del autor en República Dominicana motiva la búsqueda de un análisis empírico y teórico que pueda interrogarse sobre una posible correlación entre el nacionalismo en la política dominicana y el apoyo popular hacia la exclusión de los migrantes haitianos en el sistema nacional dominicano. A través de una inicial revisión de la literatura de referencia del campo sociológico y migratorio, se define el concepto de Homo Sacer expuesto por Agamben. El aporte teórico de Agamben es útil para identificar la voluntad estatal de excluir a los migrantes haitianos. Además, se tomará el concepto de pensamiento de Estado identificado por Sayad, mientras que el foco histórico en la cuestión identitaria dominicana cuenta con aportes procedentes de las obras de Rappaport. La marginalización y exclusión de los migrantes haitianos se estudia también cuestionando la ausencia de datos y registros actualizados por el Gobierno dominicano, queriendo proponer eventuales correlaciones entre la ilegalización estatal de los migrantes haitianos, con el aval de la política dominicana, y una forma social de nacionalismo racial. Utilizando también un enfoque propio de las Relaciones Internacionales y la Ciencia Política, se describe cómo el actual gobierno de República Dominicana, encabezado por el presidente Luis Abinader, muestra una tendencia hacia pasados elementos de realismo político y nacionalismo en las relaciones bilaterales con Haití, donde, cabe incluir, encuentra un efectivo consenso por parte de la sociedad dominicana.

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this paper is to present the visual representations of the identity of several local Mexican places that different designers expressed in the special edition of Cerveza Indio's "Barrios de México" labels. The collection of 150 labels conforms a Mexican para-identity since it visually represents identitarian spaces and cultural practices that are alternative to the national identity based on the pre-hispanic past of Mexico. First, the paper describes the beer background and the nationalism context, an ideological perspective from the 20th century that gained importance after the Mexican revolution, in which the pre-hispanic Indian was promoted as a unifying identitarian figure. Secondly, some labels representing buildings are shown, stereotypes, typical costumes, crafts, and landscapes, among other elements. Finally, the collection’s value resides in that it projects a multicultural perspective of Mexican identity, collaboratively built and alternative to the ideologies imposed and promoted by the State.

RESUMEN: Este artículo tiene por objetivo presentar las formas de representación visual a través de las cuales distintos diseñadores expresan la identidad de diferentes localidades de México, en la edición especial de etiquetas de Cerveza Indio “Barrios de México”. La colección de 150 etiquetas conforma una para-identidad mexicana, pues representa visualmente espacios identitarios y prácticas culturales alternativos a la identidad nacional cimentada en el pasado prehispánico de México. Primeramente, se describen los antecedentes de la cerveza y la coyuntura nacionalista, perspectiva ideológica del siglo XX que tomó auge después de la Revolución Mexicana, en la que se difundió al indio prehispánico como figura identitaria unificadora. En segundo lugar, se muestran algunas etiquetas que representan edificaciones, estereotipos, trajes típicos, artesanías y paisajes, entre otros elementos. Finalmente, se identifica como valor de la colección la perspectiva pluricultural de la identidad mexicana construida de forma colaborativa, y alejada de las ideologías impuestas y difundidas por el Estado.

Abstract The immediate task of the Mexican post-revolutionary governments in the twenties was the creation and consolidation of institutions that would build the ideological program of the new state. In this task, intellectuals played a prominent role, particularly in the debate on the definitions of culture and national identity, which fostered an atmosphere of exchange of ideas, as well as tensions between different artistic and intellectual groups. This article analyzes two specific groups: the first headed by José Vasconcelos and the second by Pedro Henríquez Ureña. Both characters shared an intellectual bond and common purposes, but different ways of fulfilling those goals: on the one hand, as a maker of institutions, directly linked to the governmental structure and government actions and on the other, as a social critic. Thus, through the comparative analysis of two publications in particular: La falange. Revista de cultura latina, as organ of the group linked to José Vasconcelos, and Vida Mexicana. Revista mensual de ideas de interés, by those who followed Pedro Henríquez Ureña, analyzes the trajectory of two ways of understanding the social role attributed to intellectuals, the points in common of these groups, as well as the differences in the projects and trajectories that followed later.

Resumen La tarea inmediata de los gobiernos mexicanos post revolucionarios en la década de los veinte fue la creación y consolidación de instituciones que construyeran el programa ideológico del nuevo Estado. En esa tarea, los intelectuales tuvieron un papel destacado, particularmente en el debate sobre las definiciones de la cultura e identidad nacional, en que se propició un ambiente de intercambio de ideas, así como de tensiones entre diferentes grupos artísticos e intelectuales. Este artículo analiza dos grupos en específico: el primero, encabezado por José Vasconcelos y el segundo, por Pedro Henríquez Ureña. Ambos personajes compartieron un vínculo intelectual y propósitos comunes, pero con maneras diferenciadas de cumplir con esas metas: el primero, como un hacedor de instituciones, vinculado directamente con la estructura gubernamental y las acciones de gobierno y, el segundo, como crítico social, además de atender el perfeccionamiento de su actividad artística. Así, a través del análisis comparativo de dos publicaciones en particular: La falange. Revista de cultura latina, como órgano del grupo vinculado con José Vasconcelos, y Vida Mexicana. Revista mensual de ideas de interés, por parte quienes siguieron a Pedro Henríquez Ureña, se analiza la trayectoria de dos formas de entender el papel social que se atribuía a los intelectuales, los puntos en común de estos grupos, así como las diferencias en los proyectos y trayectorias que siguieron después.

Abstract This article studies the origins of a petroculture in Mexico that was intertwined with imaginaries of the nation and national identity. It analyzes the 1914-1937 period to show the way in which the oil policies of Venustiano Carranza, the Constitutional Convention of 1917, legislative debates on a Petroleum Law, the founding of Petromex and petroleum literature contributed to connecting this fuel with elements of Mexican nationalism, such as the image of a fatherland rich in natural resources, with a promising future; xenophobic sentiments; evocations of historical memories; and feelings of patriotic pride. It also offers an analysis of the detractors of this petronationalism. The theoretical references for this article are the modernist theory on the construction of nations and the concept of “petroculture” derived from the Energy Humanities.

Resumen: Este artículo estudia los inicios de cuando en México se comenzó a moldear una petrocultura entrelazada con idearios de nación e identidad nacional. Se analiza el periodo de 1914-1937 para demostrar que la política petrolera de Venustiano Carranza, el Constituyente de 1917, los debates legislativos para una Ley del petróleo, la fundación de Petromex y la literatura sobre el petróleo, contribuyeron a relacionar este energético con elementos del nacionalismo mexicano, tales como: una imagen de patria rica en recursos naturales y con futuro promisorio, sentimientos antiextranjeros, evocaciones de memoria histórica y orgullo patriótico. Asimismo, se ofrece un análisis de los detractores de este nacionalismo petrolero. Los referentes teóricos de esta investigación son la teoría modernista sobre construcción de naciones, así como el concepto “petrocultura” derivado de las Energy Humanities.

ABSTRACT An investigation was conducted in Quevedo, Los Ríos Province, to characterize the cocoa paste of twelve treatments of National Type cocoa. The objective was to assess its suitability for the industry and preserve its identity linked to the "sabor arriba" flavor. The chemical evaluation took place in the Bromatology laboratories of UTEQ and Santa Catalina INIAP. A Completely Randomized Experimental Design was used with twelve treatments and four replications, totaling 48 samples. The Tukey test (P≤0.05) was employed to identify differences in treatment means; no statistical differences were found in temperature or pH of the cocoa mass. However, for the fat content variable, statistical differences among treatments were observed. Treatments CCN-51 (41.91) and EET-103 (39.13) showed higher fat percentages, while T10 L46H75 (23.73) displayed the lowest percentage. Regarding total polyphenols (mg/g), treatments L40H49 (86.00), L15H31 (85.25), and L17H30 (81.42) recorded the highest values. In the theobromine/caffeine variable, treatment L12H27 obtained the lowest value (3.49%), possibly due to a high caffeine content and low protein content.

RESUMEN En Quevedo, Provincia de Los Ríos, se lleva a cabo una investigación para caracterizar la pasta de cacao de doce tratamientos de cacao Tipo Nacional. El objetivo es evaluar su idoneidad para la industria y preservar su identidad ligada al "sabor arriba". La evaluación química se realizó en los laboratorios de Bromatología de la UTEQ y Santa Catalina INIAP. Se utilizó un Diseño Experimental Completamente al Azar con doce tratamientos y cuatro repeticiones, totalizando 48 muestras. La prueba de Tukey (P ≤0.05) se empleó para identificar diferencias entre medias de tratamientos; no se hallaron diferencias estadísticas en temperatura, ni pH de la masa de cacao. Sin embargo, para la variable de grasa, se observaron diferencias estadísticas entre tratamientos. Los tratamientos CCN-51 (41.91) y EET-103 (39.13) presentaron mayores porcentajes de grasa, mientras que el T10 L46H75 (23.73) mostró el menor porcentaje. En relación con los polifenoles totales (mg/g), los tratamientos L40H49 (86.00), L15H31 (85.25) y L17H30 (81.42) registraron los valores más altos. En la variable teobromina/cafeína, el tratamiento L12H27 obtuvo el valor más bajo (3.49%), posiblemente debido a un alto contenido de cafeína y bajo contenido de proteína.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study is to analyze how the esteem for Azerbaijani literature is expressed in the body of work by N. S. Tikhonov, with a specific focus on his artistic impression of the literary classics Nizami and Vurgun. To accomplish this in the investigation it is delved into Tikhonov's writings to highlight the instances where he pays homage to the literature of the Caucasian country, examining the thematic and stylistic elements that underscore this connection. Despite the different times that separated them, N.S. Tikhonov extensively portrayed Vurghun as a national and classical poet of Soviet-Azerbaijan, emphasizing the profound connection with the renowned poet Nizami, although sometimes he wasn't explicit. In our opinion, Tikhonov recognized the enduring value of the poetry produced by these authors, and this poetic legacy, intertwined with the national identity, became a shared cultural asset, enriching the moral treasury of society beyond the historical precipice marked by both triumphs and tribulations. Thus, Tikhonov through his creative endeavors, reflects and contributes to the appreciation of Azerbaijani literary heritage.

RESUMEN El objetivo de este estudio es analizar cómo se expresa la estima por la literatura azerbaiyana en la obra de N. S. Tikhonov, con especial atención a su impresión artística de los clásicos literarios Nizami y Vurgun. Para lograrlo en la investigación se profundiza en los escritos de Tikhonov para resaltar las instancias en las que rinde homenaje a la literatura del país caucásico, examinando los elementos temáticos y estilísticos que subrayan esta conexión. A pesar de los diferentes tiempos que los separaron, N.S. Tikhonov retrató ampliamente a Vurghun como un poeta nacional y clásico del Azerbaiyán soviético, enfatizando la profunda conexión con el renombrado poeta Nizami, aunque a veces no fue explícito. En nuestra opinión, Tikhonov reconoció el valor perdurable de la poesía producida por estos autores, y este legado poético, entrelazado con la identidad nacional, se convirtió en un bien cultural compartido, enriqueciendo el tesoro moral de la sociedad más allá del precipicio histórico marcado por triunfos y tribulaciones. Así, Tikhonov, a través de sus esfuerzos creativos, refleja y contribuye a la apreciación del patrimonio literario azerbaiyano.

This article discusses rural teachers' education and the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC), considering two aspects: the context of Rural Education regarding teacher training, focusing on the Velho Chico Identity Territory (TIVC) in Bahia; the contradictions evident in teachers' pedagogical practice arising from the continued education offered by municipal networks. Data was collected through questionnaires and document analysis. The research is qualitative, analyzed under the assumptions of Dialectical Historical Materialism. The results highlight that the national policy for teacher training has aligned with what international agencies advocate. It's worth paying more attention to the contradictions within current regulations in understanding emancipatory Rural Education. There's a fragmentation in the curriculum focused on teaching practices within the spatial scope analyzed, leaning more towards what is termed as Rural Education.

Este artículo aborda la formación de profesores del campo y la Base Nacional Común Curricular (BNCC), considerando dos aspectos: el contexto de la Educación del Campo en relación con la formación docente, con énfasis en el Territorio de Identidad Velho Chico (TIVC) en Bahía; las contradicciones evidenciadas en la práctica pedagógica de los docentes a partir de la formación continua ofrecida por las redes municipales. Los datos se recopilaron mediante cuestionarios y análisis documental. La investigación es cualitativa, analizada bajo los supuestos del Materialismo Histórico Dialéctico. Los resultados destacan que la política nacional de formación docente se ha alineado con lo que abogan las agencias internacionales. Vale la pena prestar más atención a las contradicciones dentro de las regulaciones actuales para comprender la Educación del Campo emancipadora. Hay una fragmentación en el currículo centrado en las prácticas de enseñanza dentro del ámbito espacial analizado, inclinándose más hacia lo que se denomina como Educación Rural.

Este artigo aborda a formação de professores do campo e a Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC), considerando dois aspectos: o contexto da Educação do Campo em relação à formação docente, com destaque para o Território de Identidade Velho Chico (TIVC), na Bahia; as contradições evidenciadas na prática pedagógica dos docentes a partir da formação continuada ofertada pelas redes municipais. Os dados foram coletados por meio de questionários e análise documental. A pesquisa é de tipo qualitativa, analisada com pressupostos do Materialismo Histórico Dialético, os resultados evidenciam que a política nacional de formação de professores tem se ajustado ao que preconizam as agências internacionais, e que merece maior atenção as contradições das normatizações vigentes na compreensão da Educação do Campo emancipatória, pois a fragmentação da formação na parte curricular dedicada à prática docente como hoje se apresenta no recorte espacial analisado, observa-se mais o que se denomina de Educação Rural.

BACKGROUND: Freedom of movement, which is dependent on community mobility, is a key contributor to good quality of life and important in the establishment of a person's community identity OBJECTIVE: To describe the community mobility experiences of wheelchair users who lived in a socio-economically challenged setting METHOD: The study setting was Paarl, a peri-urban area of the Western Cape province of South Africa. This article reports findings from phase 1 (a reflection on past community mobility and minibus taxi use experiences) of cycle 1 of a co-operative inquiry. Nine adult wheelchair users, eight caregivers, six minibus taxi drivers, and four community stakeholders participated. Data were collected during a focus group discussion and analysed using inductive thematic analysis RESULTS: Four themes, 'Knowledge, attitudes, and actions', 'Natural, manmade and mechanical environmental barriers', 'Health and safety concerns' and 'Poor community participation and quality of life' were identified. The themes showed how difficult an everyday activity like moving around in the community were for wheelchair users, and how that limited their community involvement CONCLUSIONS: Wheelchair users living in a low-income peri-urban area struggled to participate in community activities meaningful to them because various barriers hampered community wheelchair mobility and minibus taxi use CONTRIBUTION: The findings regarding community mobility struggles and specifically minibus taxi access guided specific recommendations and the further phases and cycles of the co-operative inquiry. The purpose of the co-operative inquiry was to allow co-researchers to find their voice and develop solutions to minibus taxi access for wheelchair users

BACKGROUND: This article describes how the National Reading Barometer project has redefined the concept of 'reading culture' in South Africa. OBJECTIVES: As expressed in the 2023 National Reading Survey (N = 4250) and the 2023 National Reading Barometer, a clearer description of reading cultures was developed to describe both individual reading practices (measured through the survey) and the national reading ecosystem (measured through the barometer). METHOD: We describe the survey and statistical tools developed to measure the new concept of reading cultures. This includes a survey questionnaire that introduced novel questions alongside established indicators. Reading is defined and measured through six distinct dimensions: reading purpose, habits, volume, depth, motivation, and identity. The expanded understanding of reading purpose includes reading for information, communication, and enjoyment. At an ecosystem level, the National Reading Barometer was applied to visualise data from the National Reading Survey and secondary data on reading ability, access to reading material, and enabling environmental indicators to provide a baseline for high-level longitudinal trends in the national reading environment. RESULTS: The National Reading Barometer and National Reading Survey assisted to redefine the debate on reading cultures by providing evidence-based descriptions of varied reading cultures and situating these within the reading ecosystem. CONCLUSION: We conclude by proposing how this revised concept of reading cultures and the new tools for measuring impact may open research and policy advocacy opportunities in the literacy sector. CONTRIBUTION: This article contributes a pluralistic, Afrocentric, and modernised understanding of reading cultures.

Abstract In this article, an exploratory exercise is carried out to search for points of contact between the South American paradigm of Good Living, as an alternative concept to Western development and modernity, and contemporary indigenous literature in Mexico, with the purpose of to what extent and in what way the theoretical-ideological postulates of Good Living have influenced or not the literary creation of Mexican indigenous writers. For this, a comparative analysis was carried out, with a documentary approach, between some of the theoretical texts of Good Living and the most representative contemporary works of Mexican indigenous literature. This has allowed us to conclude that although there is no relationship, claim or direct affiliation of national writers with respect to the Good Living paradigm, their literary production is permeated by said precept. The foregoing is explained by the fact that when indigenous literature emerges as a product and expression of its own worldview and this includes Good Living, in a natural way, an identity of a substantial nature is produced between both social phenomena, still insufficiently recognized and assumed as such, but that in the immediate future it is expected that it will intensify and become more explicit.

Resumen En este artículo se realiza un ejercicio exploratorio de búsqueda de puntos de contacto entre el paradigma sudamericano del Buen vivir, como concepto alternativo al desarrollo y la modernidad occidentales y la literatura indígena contemporánea en México, con el propósito de determinar hasta qué punto y de qué manera los postulados teórico-ideológicos del Buen vivir han influido o no en la creación literaria de los escritores indígenas mexicanos. Para ello se realizó un análisis comparativo, de enfoque documental, entre algunos de los textos teóricos del Buen vivir y las obras contemporáneas más representativas de la literatura indígena mexicana. Esto nos ha permitido concluir que, aunque no existe una relación, reivindicación o adscripción directa de los escritores nacionales respecto al paradigma del Buen vivir, su producción literaria si está permeada por dicho precepto. Lo anterior se explica porque la literatura indígena al emerger como producto y expresión de su propia cosmovisión y está incluir el Buen vivir, de manera natural, entre ambos fenómenos sociales se produce una identidad de carácter sustancial, todavía insuficientemente reconocida y asumida en cuanto tal, pero que en el futuro inmediato se prevé que se intensificará y se hará más explícita.

This article explores the interpretive dimensions of Luke 12:13-21 within the landscape of the first-century world and how it relates to the democratic South African context. The question that drives this reading is two-fold: (1) How would this parable be understood by the early Jesus movement in the first-century Mediterranean context? In the light of socio-economic, religious, and political context of the day? What did they hear from what Jesus said through this parable? (2) similarly, what are we hearing from this same parable in today's society, in the light of our own socio-economic, religious and political landscape? I suggest analysing this parable through Mazamisa's dialectica reconciliae and Mosala's historical-materialistic lenses, which might reveal profound insights into the nation's post-1994 journey of reconstruction and development of South Africa and the liberation of the black child, in a government led by another black child. The passage's warnings against materialism and its call to be 'rich towards God' resonate with South Africa's pursuit of social justice and equitable wealth distribution. It mirrors concerns over land reform and responsible inheritance, aligning with the principles of Ubuntu that emphasize collective well-being. The text's emphasis on spiritual values contributes to discussions on fostering a cohesive national identity amid religious diversity. It underscores the importance of transparent governance and accountability, addressing wealth disparities, and confronting poverty. This exploration offers a compelling synthesis, suggesting how Luke 12:13-21 can guide South Africa in forging a just, inclusive, and spiritually grounded democratic society. CONTRIBUTION: This study explores the interpretive dimensions of Luke 12:13-21 within the context of the first-century world and its relevance to South Africa, offering profound insights into post-1994 reconstruction and development, social justice, equitable wealth distribution, collective well-being, national identity, wealth disparities, and poverty, ultimately guiding South Africa towards a just, inclusive, and spiritually grounded democratic society

Family physicians require leadership skills to strengthen team-based primary care services. Interviews with South African district managers confirmed the need to develop leadership skills in family physicians. The updated national programmatic learning outcomes for South African family physician training were published in 2021. They sparked the need for curriculum renewal at the University of Cape Town's Division of Family Medicine. A review of the leadership and governance module during registrar training showed that the sessions were perceived to be content heavy with insufficient opportunities for reflection. Following a series of stakeholder engagements, the module convenors co-designed a revised module that was blueprinted on the updated learning outcomes. The module incorporates a group coaching style, facilitating learning through reflection on one's experiences. The revised module was implemented in 2022. It aims to provide a transformative learning experience centred on students' perceptions of themselves as leaders, as well as professional identity formation and resilience building. This short report describes preliminary insights from the revised module's developmental phase and forms part of an ongoing iterative evaluation process. CONTRIBUTION: Family physicians should lead across all their defined roles. Formal and informal learning opportunities are needed to facilitate their growth as leaders and help them to meet the health needs of communities served by an evolving health care system. This short report describes an example of a revised postgraduate module on leadership and governance, which may be of value to clinician educators and academic departments exploring innovative methods for the African region

Language represents an individual's identity in many respects. It is a natural ability of any average person that they use to express thoughts and ideas, investigate their traditions and experiences, and better their community and the laws that govern it. The ability to choose the official language was acknowledged in the Bill of Rights, and the Constitution acknowledges that indigenous languages are a commodity which has not been fully used. By studying the difficulties of intellectualising indigenous languages in modern South Africa, this research aims to promote the usage and enhance the prestige of indigenous languages. The challenge in basic education in South Africa is that South African indigenous languages are not prioritised. Moreover, there appears to be a disconnection between language policy and implementation. CONTRIBUTION: A document analysis was undertaken to review literature on the possibility of intellectualising South African indigenous languages by considering various theories and methods of terminology development, including interborrowing within South African indigenous languages and adaptation of some English and Afrikaans words as already entrenched languages in education.

Resumen Analizar el espacio escolar desde una perspectiva interseccional de género implica ir más allá de su enfoque como contexto de interacción entre niños y jóvenes, reconociendo que el espacio y las identidades sociales se constituyen mutuamente, es decir, el espacio es un reflejo de las relaciones de poder hegemónicas y, simultáneamente, de su concepción y la experiencia perpetúan diversas formas de desigualdades. De esta manera, este artículo pretende abordar la escuela desde una perspectiva interseccional de género, colocando la dimensión espacial en el centro de los análisis de la pluralidad de formas en que alumnos y alumnas ocupan y experimentan sus diferentes lugares. Con el fin de valorar las perspectivas de los estudiantes sobre sus propias experiencias en el espacio escolar, se presenta el mapeo participativo como una herramienta de investigación, habiendo sido aplicado en tres grupos escolares ubicados en la ciudad de Lisboa, en Portugal. Los resultados obtenidos a través de este instrumento permiten realizar un análisis respecto de la pluralidad de masculinidades y feminidades existentes en la escuela, cuyos marcadores de género y origen nacional son relevantes para comprender la forma en que se identifican los diferentes grupos de estudiantes. También se discute cómo se produce la interacción entre diferentes nacionalidades y su papel en la dinámica socio espacial en la escuela a partir de tres procesos: la laterización cultural, la guetización del espacio escolar y la ocupación periférica del patio de recreo por parte de las estudiantes. jóvenes mutuamente decir simultáneamente desigualdades manera lugares investigación Lisboa Portugal procesos cultural

Abstract Analyzing the school space from an intersectional gender perspective implies going beyond its approach as a context of interaction between children and young people, recognizing that space and social identities are mutually constituted. In other words, space reflects hegemonic power relations and, simultaneously, its conception and experience perpetuate various forms of inequality. This article approaches school, from an intersectional perspective, placing the spatial dimension at the center of analyzes of the plurality of ways in which students occupy and experience different places. The experiences of students and their experiences in the school space are captured and understood using participatory mapping as an analysis methodology, applied, to three school groups located in the city of Lisbon, in Portugal. The results reveal the advantages of the methodology in analyzing the plurality of masculinities and femininities at school, revealing how gender and national origin are relevant to understanding the way in which groups of students create a distinct identity and are identified. Participatory mapping also proves to be an appropriate methodology for analyzing interaction processes between students of different nationalities and the role of these processes in the formation of socio-spatial dynamics at school, through three mechanisms: cultural laterization, the ghettoization of the school space and the peripheral occupation of the sports court by the feminine students. people constituted words simultaneously inequality places applied Lisbon Portugal identified sociospatial socio mechanisms laterization

Resumo Analisar o espaço escolar sob uma perspetiva interseccional de gênero implica ir além da sua abordagem enquanto contexto de interação entre crianças e jovens, reconhecendo que o espaço e as identidades sociais se constituem mutuamente. Por outras palavras, o espaço é um reflexo das relações de poder hegemônicas e, simultaneamente, a sua conceção e vivência perpetuam diversas formas de desigualdade. Neste artigo aborda-se a escola a partir de uma perspetiva interseccional, colocando a dimensão espacial no centro das análises da pluralidade de modos com que alunos e alunas ocupam e experienciam diferentes lugares. As experiências de estudantes e as suas vivências no espaço escolar são captadas e compreendidas com recurso ao mapeamento participativo como metodologia de análise, aplicando-a em três agrupamentos escolares localizados na cidade de Lisboa, em Portugal. Os resultados demonstraram as vantagens da metodologia na análise da pluralidade de masculinidades e feminilidades na escola, revelando como o gênero e a origem nacional são relevantes para a compreensão da maneira como os grupos de estudantes criam uma identidade distinta e são identificados. O mapeamento participativo também se revela uma metodologia adequada para analisar os processos de interação entre estudantes de diferentes nacionalidades e o papel desses processos na formação de dinâmicas socioespaciais na escola, através de três mecanismos: laterização cultural, guetização do espaço escolar e ocupação periférica do campo de jogos pelas alunas. jovens mutuamente palavras simultaneamente desigualdade abordase aborda lugares aplicandoa aplicando Lisboa Portugal identificados mecanismos cultural

Abstract After 48 years, how can we describe the relationship between Portuguese democracy and the national identity metanarrative? This essay aims to understand which discursive tendencies dominate the identity narrative reproduced by the Portuguese democratic elites, based on an analysis of discourses and on a vast bibliographic revision. As so, we identify three major expedients used to reflect about the Portuguese national identity during democracy: reconstruction, occlusion, and insertion.

Resumo Aos 48 anos, qual é a relação entre a democracia portuguesa e a metanarrativa identitária nacional? O presente ensaio procura, a partir da análise de discursos e de uma ampla revisão bibliográfica, perceber quais as lógicas discursivas que dominam a narrativa identitária tal como ela é postulada pelas elites políticas democráticas. Neste sentido, identificamos três expedientes predominantes na forma como a identidade nacional tem sido pensada em democracia: reconstrução, oclusão e inserção.