ABSTRACT We present two slightly different constructions of a SIR model in which both the time taken to remove the individual from the infectious compartment and the infectivity have a memory according to Mittag-Leffler distributions. The second construction clearly points out where the proposed generalizations are acting, starting from the classic SIR model. Using integrodifferential techniques, we state and demonstrate novel analytically results on positivity, monotonicity in limiting case, and equilibrium points. The results are also verified numerically. MittagLeffler Mittag Leffler distributions acting techniques positivity case numerically

Abstract Counterfactuals have become an important area of interdisciplinary interest, especially in logic, philosophy of language, epistemology, metaphysics, psychology, decision theory, and even artificial intelligence. In this study, we propose a new form of analysis for counterfactuals: analysis by algorithmic complexity. Inspired by Lewis-Stalnaker's Possible Worlds Semantics, the proposed method allows for a new interpretation of the debate between David Lewis and Robert Stalnaker regarding the Limit and Singularity assumptions. Besides other results, we offer a new way to answer the problems raised by Goodman and Quine regarding vagueness, context-dependence, and the non- monotonicity of counterfactuals. Engaging in a dialogue with literature, this study will seek to bring new insights and tools to this debate. We hope our method of analysis can make counterfactuals more understandable in an intuitively plausible way, and a philosophically justifiable manner, aligned with the way we usually think about counterfactual propositions and our imaginative reasoning. interest logic language epistemology metaphysics psychology theory intelligence complexity LewisStalnakers s Semantics assumptions results vagueness contextdependence, contextdependence context dependence, dependence context-dependence non literature manner reasoning

Abstract In this paper we study a nonlinear boundary eigenvalue problema governed by the one-dimensional p-Laplacian operator with impulse, we give some properties of the first eigenvalue λ1 and we prove the existence of eigenvalues sequence {λn}n∈ N∗ by using the Lusternik-Schnirelman principle, as well as by the characterization of the sequence of eigenvalues, we discuss the strict monotonicity of the first eigenvalue and we prove that the eigenfunction corresponding to second eigenvalue λ2 changes sign only once on [0, 1].

ABSTRACT This 386-participant study investigated the structural and psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Occupational Depression Inventory (ODI). Exploratory structural equation modeling bifactor analysis revealed that the ODI meets the requirements for essential unidimensionality. Measurement invariance held across our sample and the English- and French-speaking samples used in the ODI's initial validation study. Mokken scale analysis indicated that (a) the scalability of the instrument was strong, (b) no violations of monotonicity or local independence were present, and (c) invariant item ordering was sufficiently accurate. The ODI's reliability was optimal. The ODI exhibited both convergent validity and discriminant validity vis-à-vis a job-unrelated measure of depression. Furthermore, occupational depression correlated substantially, and in the expected direction, with objective cognitive performance and 10 widely studied work-life characteristics. This study suggests that the ODI's Spanish version has excellent structural and psychometric properties and can be confidently employed by occupational health specialists.

RESUMEN El presente estudio, realizado con 386 participantes, ha indagado en las propiedades estructurales y psicométricas de la versión española del Inventario de Depresión Ocupacional (ODI, según sus siglas en inglés). Un análisis bifactorial de un modelo exploratorio de ecuaciones estructurales mostró que el ODI reúne los requisitos de unidimensionalidad esencial. La invarianza de la medida se mantuvo en nuestra muestra y en las muestras anglo y francoparlantes utilizadas en el estudio de validación inicial. Un análisis Mokken de la escala indica que: a) el instrumento tenía un fuerte carácter escalar, b) no hubo violación de la monotonicidad o independencia local y c) el orden invariante de los ítems fue lo suficientemente preciso. La fiabilidad ha sido óptima. El ODI presentó tanto validez convergente como discriminante en relación con una medida de depresión no relacionada con el trabajo. Además, la depresión laboral correlacionó en gran medida, en la dirección esperada, con el desempeño cognitivo objetivo y 10 características muy estudiadas de la vida laboral. El estudio destaca que la versión española del ODI tiene unas propiedades estructurales y psicométricas excelentes, por lo que puede utilizarse con toda confianza por los especialistas en salud ocupacional.

Resumen El riesgo de crédito es una de las principales preocupaciones de los organismos de supervisión y regulación financiera, así como de las instituciones bancarias. Por lo que, se propone un modelo de puntuación crediticia basado en una regresión logística, para analizar la probabilidad de incumplimiento por segmentos de una cartera de clientes de tarjeta de crédito de una institución mexicana. Los resultados muestran que el modelo propuesto tiene un alto nivel de predictibilidad y de estabilidad, tanto fuera como dentro del periodo de modelado, la comprobación de monotonicidad, también asegura que el modelo tenga un alto nivel de precisión. La originalidad subyace en que existen escasos estudios sobre modelos de puntuación crediticia para México, el resultado del modelo tiene alto nivel de precisión y arroja como resultado una tabla de puntuación de fácil interpretación para el personal bancario. Se concluye que el modelo es confiable y con alto nivel de ajuste.

Abstract Credit risk is one of the main concerns of the financial institutions and supervision and regulation organisms. Thus, it is proposed a credit scoring model based on logit approach to analyze the default risk for a credit card portfolio in a Mexican financial institution. Findings show that the model proposed has a high level of prediction and stability, in and out of the sample. The monotonicity property evidences that the model has a high level of precision. The originality lies in the fact that, there is scarce literature on credit scoring models for Mexico. Results of the model are highly accurate in terms of predictability and the evidence is presented in a scoring table that is easy to interpret for all bank employees. We conclude that the model is reliable and highly accurate.

Abstract: We prove the existence of weak solution u for the nonlinear parabolic systems: which is a Dirichlet Problem. In this system, v belongs to , f and g satisfy some standards continuity and growth conditions. We prove existence of a weak solution of different variants of this system under classical regularity for some growth and coercivity for σ but with only very mild monotonicity assumptions.

Abstract Introduction Many studies have been carried out on the main causes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to identify suitable diagnosis methods and treatments to combat the disease. However, high equipment costs and the lack of hepatic-ablation technologies manufactured in Brazil encourage the design and implementation of a solution based on normative principles. Methods The analysis and description of equipment features were the first steps in defining the design requirements and constraints. Equipment functionalities were evaluated with three assays set by NBR-IEC 60601-2-2. Results The assays of output control adjustment accuracy, output control adjustment monotonicity, and signal quality evaluation using the crest factor (CF) for the equipment showed thresholds superior to the aforementioned standard. Conclusion State-of-the-art studies have contributed the equipment construction. The construction process was validated by assays to ensure the equipment functionality with raw materials at acceptable costs. The test results showed the superiority of the equipment in relation to the assays proposed by the standard NBR-IEC 60601-2-2. However, to convert the prototype into a commercial product, other analyses are necessary.

Resumen Un nuevo modelo de dos variables se introduce mediante la composición distribuciones binomiales negativos y geométricos. propiedades distributivas, incluyendo distribuciones conjuntas, marginales y condicionales se discuten. se obtienen las expresiones para los momentos de productos, la covarianza y el coeficiente de correlación. Se estudian algunas propiedades tales como pedidos, unimodalidad, monotonía y la auto-decomposability. Estimadores de parámetros utilizando el método de los momentos y de máxima verosimilitud se derivan. Aplicaciones a los datos de accidentes de tráfico se ilustran.

Abstract A new bivariate model is introduced by compounding negative binomial and geometric distributions. Distributional properties, including joint, marginal and conditional distributions are discussed. Expressions for the product moments, covariance and correlation coefficient are obtained. Some properties such as ordering, unimodality, monotonicity and self-decomposability are studied. Parameter estimators using the method of moments and maximum likelihood are derived. Applications to traffic accidents data are illustrated.

Abstract A comparison is stablished between Mexico ́s multidimensional poverty index and the original measure proposed by Alkire and Foster (2011), in order to verify the axioms which are accomplished by the Mexican measure. The association of the variables that integrate the Mexican measure is carried out with the use of contingency tables. Three relevant out comes result from our analysis: the mexican measure does not hold for the monotonicity and weak transference properties. Additionally, the existence of association between the income and deprivation variables is confirmed, and the same occurs in the case of income and entitlements variables.

Resumen Se compara la formulación del índice de pobreza multidimensional de México respecto de la medida original de Alkire y Foster (2011) para verificar los axiomas cumplidos por la medida mexicana. Mediante el uso de tablas de contingencia se examina la asociación entre las variables que conforman el índice mexicano. Del análisis se desprenden tres resultados importantes: la medida mexicana no cumple el axioma de monotonía ni el de transferencia débil; adicionalmente, se confirma la existencia de asociación entre la variable del ingreso y las variables de las carencias, así como entre las variables del mismo espacio de los derechos.

In this work, we study coerciveness notions and their implications to existence conditions. We start with the presentation of classical ideas of coerciveness in the framework of Optimization Theory, and, then, using a classical technical result, introduced by Ky Fan in 1961, we extend these ideas first to Optimization Problems and then to Equilibrium Problems. We point out the importance of related conditions to the introduced coerciveness notion in order to obtain existence results for Equilibrium Problems, without using monotonicity or generalized monotonicity assumptions.

General framework for the generalized proximal point algorithm, based on the notion of (H,r)- monotonicity, is developed. The linear convergence analysis for the generalized proximal point algorithm to the context of solving a class of nonlinear variational inclusions is examined, The obtained results generalize and unify a wide range of problems to the context of achieving the linear convergence for proximal point algorithms.

Se desarrolla un marco general para el algoritmo de punto proximal generalizado, basado en la noción de (H,r)- monotonia. Se examina el analisis de convergencia lineal para el algoritmo de punto proximal generalizado en el contexto de la resolucion de una clase de inclusiones no lineales variacional. Los resultados obtenidos generalizan y unifican una amplia gama de problemas en el contexto de lograr la convergencia lineal de los algoritmos punto proximal.

This paper considers a pair of transmission problems for the system of piezoelectricity having piecewise constant coefficients. Under suitable monotonicity conditions on the coefficients and certain geometric conditions on the domain and the interfaces where the coefficients have a jump discontinuity, results on simultaneous boundary observation and simultaneous exact control are established.

O presente artigo centra-se na questão do estatuto sintáctico e semântico das expressões que têm sido identificadas na literatura como n-words (preferivelmente, n-phrases, sintagmas-n) e nas condições do seu licenciamento. Sobre o seu estatuto, argumenta-se em favor da tese de Ladusaw 1992 de que se trata de expressões com valor indefinido existencial (e não-específico, acrescenta-se). Num breve excursus, mostra-se que outras estruturas além de sintagmas deste tipo se envolvem no processo conhecido como "concordância negativa". Na parte final, tenta-se sistematizar as condições de licenciamento intrafrásico e transfrásico dos sintagmas-n clássicos, ressaltando a importância das propriedades de monotonia decrescente dos contextos relevantes.

The present paper focuses on the syntactic and semantic nature of the expressions identified in the literature as n-words (preferably, n-phrases), and on their licensing conditions. Concerning their status, arguments will be given in favor of Ladusaw's 1992 thesis that these are existential (and non-specific, it is claimed) indefinites. In a brief excursus, it will be shown that other constructs engage in the process known as "negative concord". In the final part, an attempt will be made to offer a systematic picture of the intra-- and cross-sentential licensing conditions of classical n-phrases. In this regard, the paramount importance of contextual decreasing monotonicity becomes apparent.