Abstract This paper presents an architecture based on the MANET (Mobile Ad Hoc Network) paradigm as an emergency communication system between users of electric bicycles. The solution consists of 4 mobile nodes representing the users and a main fixed node, which emulates a bicycle docking station. This architecture allows multi-hop communication between the nodes, using the proactive routing protocols OLSR (Optimized Link State Routing) and BATMAN (Better Approach to Mobile Ad Hoc Networking). The study was divided into 3 main stages. First, an analysis of the wireless medium was performed to determine the maximum transmission distance and the maximum bitrate between 2 nodes. Subsequently, the throughput behavior was characterized in a multihop configuration consisting of 4 nodes in order to establish the network capacity in terms of bandwidth. Finally, a web application was implemented for the transmission of audio and text traffic. Regarding the evaluation of the proposal, two scenarios were designed to emulate the integration of a new cyclist to the network and the communication between two users in motion. The results reveal that OLSR provides a better system operation, with a throughput of 2.54 Mbps at 3 hops and a PRR (Packet Reception Rate) higher than 96%. In addition, it guarantees a delay within the ITU-T (International Telecommunication Union-Telecommunication) G.114 recommendation for bidirectional communication.

Resumen En este artículo se presenta una arquitectura basada en el paradigma MANET (Mobile Ad Hoc Network) como un sistema de comunicación de emergencia entre usuarios de bicicletas eléctricas. La solución consta de cuatro nodos móviles que representan a los usuarios y un nodo fijo principal, que emula una estación de anclaje de bicicletas. Esta arquitectura permite la comunicación multisalto entre los nodos, utilizando los protocolos de enrutamiento proactivos OLSR (Optimized Link State Routing) y BATMAN (Better Approach to Mobile Ad Hoc Networking). El estudio se dividió en tres etapas principales. Primero, se hizo un análisis del medio inalámbrico para determinar la distancia máxima de transmisión y el bitrate máximo entre dos nodos. Posteriormente, se caracterizó el comportamiento del throughput en una configuración multisalto conformada por cuatro nodos con el fin de establecer la capacidad de la red en términos de ancho de banda. Finalmente, se implementó una aplicación web para la transmisión de tráfico de audio y texto. En cuanto a la evaluación de la propuesta, se diseñaron dos escenarios que emulan la integración de un nuevo ciclista a la red y la comunicación entre dos usuarios en movimiento. Los resultados revelan que OLSR proporciona una mejor operación del sistema, con un throughput de 2.54 Mbps a 3 saltos y un PRR (Packet Reception Rate) superior al 96 %. Además, garantiza un delay dentro de la recomendación G.114 de la ITU-T (International Telecommunication Union-Telecommunication) para una comunicación bidireccional.

Abstract Introduction: In recent years, several working-class neighborhoods in the City of Buenos Aires have experienced a specific policing strategy, which includes, among other elements, the deployment of federal military forces. Objective: This article examines the role of the Neighbourhood Prevention Units of the Argentine National Gendarmerie in two working-class neighborhoods of Buenos Aires during the mobility restrictions imposed between May 2020 and June 2021 to mitigate the spread of COVID-19. Methodology: Utilizing a quantitative approach based on the statistical analysis of police incident records, this study aims to describe the impact of proximity policing deployments in highly socially vulnerable contexts and to account for the transformations in policing practices brought about by the public health emergency. Conclusions: The findings reveal that law enforcement officers experienced an increased workload due to population control and public health enforcement responsibilities in the context of the pandemic. Additionally, the study describes practices associated with conflict resolution and addressing social demands and issues, which extend beyond crime suppression and the social control of marginalized populations, a type of work that became particularly prominent during the pandemic.

Resumen Introducción: algunos barrios populares de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires tienen desde hace unos años un policiamiento específico que incluye, entre otras cosas, el despliegue de fuerzas federales de carácter militar. Objetivo: este artículo examina el papel de las Unidades de Prevención Barrial de la Gendarmería Nacional Argentina en dos barrios populares de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires durante las restricciones de movilidad impuestas entre mayo de 2020 y junio de 2021 para mitigar la propagación del COVID-19. Metodología: a través de una metodología cuantitativa basada en el análisis estadístico de registros de incidencias policiales, buscamos describir el impacto de los despliegues policiales de proximidad en contextos de alta vulnerabilidad social y dar cuenta de las transformaciones en las prácticas policiales impuestas a raíz de la emergencia sanitaria. Conclusiones: el estudio muestra, en relación con la pandemia, una sobrecarga de trabajo de los efectivos vinculada a tareas de control poblacional y sanitaria. Por otro lado, se describen un conjunto de prácticas vinculadas a la resolución de conflictos y atención de demandas y problemáticas sociales que desbordan el accionar vinculado a la represión de delitos penales y el control social de poblaciones subalternas, un trabajo que fue especialmente visibilizado durante la pandemia.

Resumo Este artigo trata dos resultados de um estudo etnográfico sobre as experiências de violência de gênero de migrantes aimarás bolivianas empregadas na agricultura ou no comércio agrícola na periferia dos territórios chilenos da Tríplice Fronteira Andina. Nosso objetivo é analisar as agressões sofridas pelas mulheres em seu ambiente familiar. Analisaremos as narrativas de 30 mulheres para descrever as agressões perpetradas pelas figuras masculinas de suas famílias de origem (pais, irmãos, padrastos), e também pelas suas mães. Observaremos como esses abusos se repetem nas relações que estas migrantes constroem com seus próprios parceiros e com seus filhos. Veremos que há uma diferença potencial da violência nos territórios chilenos e bolivianos da fronteira e que o reconhecimento dessa diferença motiva a mobilidade transfronteiriça feminina. O texto busca contribuir aos debates sobre a violência de gênero em contextos de fronteira. Andina familiar 3 pais, pais (pais irmãos padrastos, padrastos , padrastos) mães filhos feminina

Resumen Este artículo aborda los resultados de un estudio etnográfico sobre las experiencias de violencia de género de migrantes aymara bolivianas empleadas en la agricultura o en el comercio agrícola en la periferia de los territorios chilenos de la Triple-Frontera Andina. Nuestro objetivo es analizar las agresiones que sufren las mujeres en su ámbito familiar. Retomaremos las narrativas de 30 mujeres para describir las agresiones perpetradas por las figuras masculinas de sus familias de origen (padres, hermanos, padrastros), pero también por sus madres. Además, observaremos cómo estos abusos se repiten en las relaciones que construyen con sus propias parejas y con sus hijos. Veremos que existe una diferencia potencial en la violencia del lado chileno y boliviano de la frontera y que el reconocimiento de esta diferencia motiva la movilidad transfronteriza femenina. El texto busca aportar y discutir en torno a los debates sobre violencia de género en contextos fronterizos. TripleFrontera Triple Frontera Andina familiar 3 padres, padres (padres hermanos padrastros, padrastros , padrastros) madres Además hijos femenina fronterizos

Abstract This article presents the results of an ethnographic study on the experiences of gender-based violence of Aymara Bolivian women employed in agriculture or agricultural trade in the outskirts of Chilean territories of the Andean tri-border region. Our objective is to analyze the aggressions that women suffer in their family circles. We will analyze the narratives of 30 women to describe the aggressions perpetrated by the male figures in their families of origin (fathers, brothers, stepfathers), and their mothers. In addition, we will observe how these abuses are repeated in the relationships that they build with their partners and children. We will see a potential difference in violence between the Chilean and Bolivian border territories, and recognizing this difference motivates female cross-border mobility. The text seeks to contribute to the discussions on gender-based violence in border contexts. genderbased gender based triborder tri region circles 3 fathers, fathers (fathers brothers stepfathers, stepfathers , stepfathers) mothers addition children crossborder cross mobility contexts

Résumé Cet article aborde les résultats d’une étude ethnographique sur les expériences de violence de genre vécues par les migrantes aymaras boliviennes employées dans l’agriculture ou le commerce agricole en périphérie des territoires chiliens de la Triple-frontière Andine. Notre objectif est d’analyser les agressions subies par les femmes dans leur cadre familial. Nous utiliserons les récits de 30 femmes pour décrire les agressions perpétrées par les figures masculines de leurs familles d’origine (pères, frères, beaux-pères), mais aussi par leurs mères. De plus, nous observerons comment ces abus se répètent dans les relations qu’elles construisent avec leurs propres partenaires et leurs enfants. Nous verrons qu’il existe une différence potentielle dans la violence du côté chilien et bolivien de la frontière, et que la reconnaissance de cette différence motive la mobilité transfrontalière féminine. Le texte vise à contribuer et à discuter des débats sur la violence de genre dans les contextes frontaliers. dune d lagriculture l agriculture Triplefrontière Triple frontière Andine danalyser analyser familial 3 dorigine origine pères, pères (pères frères beauxpères, beauxpères beaux , beaux-pères) mères plus quelles qu elles enfants quil il féminine frontaliers beaux-pères

Abstract: This preliminary study presents the results of applying a decision method based on linear aggregation of criteria to identify safe route networks to educational centers in Alto Valle Este (Argentina), focusing on students using active mobility. Key factors such as distance, road safety, and the quality of pedestrian infrastructure are examined and georeferenced using GIS. These factors are analyzed to prioritize criteria and identify optimal route networks using Dijkstra's algorithm. Additionally, information on safe corridors proposed by the safety council for educational institutions is incorporated as constraints in the multicriteria decision method. In conclusion, the applied methodology is a robust tool for identifying safe route networks, offering greater coverage for students who rely on active transport modes to access education.

Resumen: Este estudio preliminar presenta los resultados de la aplicación de un método de decisión basado en la agregación lineal de criterios, para identificar redes de caminos seguros hacia centros educativos en el Alto Valle Este (Argentina), enfocado en estudiantes que utilizan movilidad activa. Se examinan factores clave como la distancia, la seguridad vial y la calidad de la infraestructura peatonal, georreferenciados mediante GIS. Estos factores son analizados para determinar las prioridades en los criterios e identificar las redes de recorridos óptimos, utilizando el algoritmo de Dijkstra. Además, se incorpora como restricciones en el método de decisión multicriterio, información adicional sobre corredores seguros propuestos por el consejo de seguridad de las instituciones educativas. En conclusión, la metodología aplicada es una herramienta robusta para la identificación de redes de recorridos seguros, ofreciendo una mayor cobertura para estudiantes que dependen de medios activos de transporte para acceder a la educación.

South Africa is host to the single richest early hominin fossil record worldwide, including many examples of the endemic species Australopithecus africanus fossils. This species was first described by Raymond Dart in 1925 from the deposits near the town of Taung. Later, many more fossils, of different species and genera, were found in the caves of the Sterkfontein and Makapan Valleys. To understand this rich and diverse fossil record, we must understand how the landscape formed (cave formation processes) and changed (mining), when this happened (geochronology), and how the fossils were accumulated and modified (taphonomy). Here we provide a review of these themes to mark the centenary of the Taung Child discovery. We mark this moment in our field by critically reflecting on the role of extractive practices, especially centred around past mining of the Caves and the exclusion of many members of research teams. The South African Fossil Hominid sites provide a unique opportunity to expand our understanding of the intersection between human evolution and changing environmental conditions, as the karstic landscape and remnant cave systems preserve both fossils and sedimentary archives of past environmental change. We offer a perspective on future research areas: more standardised excavation practices and techniques to raise the quality of data collected from the caves and new techniques to date and extract palaeoclimate data from cave deposits themselves, to provide novel insights into the world of the early australopiths. SIGNIFICANCE: This review introduces the reader to the important fossil remains and palaeoclimate archives preserved within South Africa, highlighting the key species Australopithecus africanus and marking the centenary of its first description from the site of Taung. We review the geological and exploration history of the South African hominin fossil sites and discuss how they are intrinsically linked. We explore the impact of past extractive practices on the fossil and palaeoclimatic archives for past, current and future research. We go on to emphasise members of research teams who have been crucial to the discovery and recovery of fossils but have often been excluded and remained unnamed.

RESUMEN El objetivo de este artículo es analizar cómo las prácticas cotidianas de regulación del comercio de calle no solo operan bajo criterios de discrecionalidad, sino que configuran espacios temporalizados del comercio. A partir de un análisis de observación, entrevistas y registros urbanos, se examina el caso de la principal centralidad metropolitana comercial en Lima (Perú). Proponemos visibilizar el carácter temporal y móvil del comercio de calle, describiendo prácticas de micronegociación, donde el Estado –mediante sus funcionarios– actúa cotidianamente en la producción del espacio. El artículo dialoga con las investigaciones contemporâneas sobre movilidad e informalidad, y establece un aporte para la comprensión de las dinâmicas del comercio de calle.

ABSTRACT This paper aims to analyze how the daily practices of regulation of street commerce not only operate under criteria of discretion, but also configure temporary spaces of commerce. Based on an analysis of observation, interviews and urban records, the case of the main metropolitan commercial centrality in Lima (Peru) is examined. We propose to make visible the temporary and mobile nature of street commerce, describing micro-negotiation practices, where the State –through its officials– acts daily in the production of space. The article dialogues with the contributions of contemporary research on mobility and informality and establishes a contribution to the understanding of the dynamics of street trade.

ABSTRACT Transnational gentrification has been a documented phenomenon in Latin America for at least a decade. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, a significant number of workers from high-income countries were able to work remotely from the Global South. This allowed for a strong international mobility phenomenon that introduced new actors and new destinations of transnational gentrification. Using mixed methods, this research explores the impact of foreigners, specifically digital nomads, in the central areas of Mexico City. The indicators used as part of this research include commercial specialization and the evolution of the real estate market. It was found that the neighborhoods analyzed have undergone a commercial, housing, and sociocultural change due to the presence of digital nomads. We conclude by suggesting that transnational gentrification driven by digital nomads accelerates established gentrification processes and accentuates socio-territorial exclusion.

RESUMEN La gentrificación transnacional es un fenómeno documentado en América Latina desde hace al menos una década. En el contexto de la emergencia sanitaria mundial ocasionada por la pandemia de Covid-19, un número importante de trabajadores de países de alto ingreso pudieron laborar de forma remota desde el sur global. Esto permitió una fuerte movilidad internacional que introdujo nuevos actores y nuevos destinos de gentrificación transnacional. Esta investigación mixta realiza una exploración del impacto de extranjeros denominados nómadas digitales en la zona central de la Ciudad de México (CDMX). Los indicadores del estudio han sido la especialización comercial y la evolución del mercado inmobiliario. Se encontró que las colonias analizadas han tenido una mutación comercial, de vivienda y sociocultural derivada de la presencia de extranjeros. La gentrificación transnacional conducida por nómadas digitales acelera procesos de gentrificación previos y acentúa la exclusión socioterritorial de la metrópoli.

RESUMO Na cidade de Belo Horizonte (Brasil), observamos um avanço importante no processo de envelhecimento da população. Esse processo impõe desafios para a pesquisa sobre os impactos dessas transformações na configuração da vida urbana. Nossa pesquisa busca estabelecer a relação entre o envelhecimento e as práticas de mobilidade em termos dos motivos, modos e frequências, bem como as centralidades criadas com base na prática de deslocamento da população idosa. Para tanto, foi desenvolvido um Index of elderly Centrality (IeCf) utilizando os fluxos do grupo estudado como proxy de centralidade. No que tange às viagens, observamos uma redução da frequência e relevância dos deslocamentos por transporte coletivo e a pé, especialmente entre mulheres. Além disso, identificamos áreas de concentração de viagens mais dispersas, em centralidades diferentes das já consolidadas no município, configurando novas áreas centrais que atendem à demanda mais específica da população idosa.

ABSTRACT In the city of Belo Horizonte (Brazil), we observe a significant advancement in the aging process of the population. This process poses challenges for research on the impacts of these transformations on the configuration of urban life. Our study aims to establish the relationship between aging and mobility practices in terms of motives, modes, and frequencies, as well as the centralities created based on the displacement practices of the elderly population. To this end, an Index of Elderly Centrality (IeCf) was developed using the flows of the studied group as a proxy for centrality. Regarding trips, we observed a reduction in the frequency and relevance of journeys by public transportation and on foot, especially among women. Furthermore, we identified areas of travel concentration that are more dispersed, in centralities different from those already established in the municipality, shaping new central areas that cater to the more specific demand related to the elderly population.

BACKGROUND: Early mobilisation (EM) of critically ill patients in intensive care units (ICUs) has gained significant attention because of its potential to improve patient outcomes. Despite the recognised benefits of EM, implementation remains inconsistent. OBJECTIVES: To describe the knowledge, attitudes and practices of healthcare professionals regarding EM of critically ill patients in Windhoek. METHOD: A descriptive, cross-sectional design using a self-administered survey was conducted in Windhoek, Namibia, targeting nurses, doctors and physiotherapists working in private ICUs. RESULTS: A total of 174 surveys were distributed, with a response rate of 24.1% (n = 42). Respondents included 21 nurses, 5 doctors and 13 physiotherapists. Most participants underestimated the incidence of ICU-acquired weakness and reported unfamiliarity with EM literature (n = 19, 51.4%). Furthermore, 25 respondents (67.6%) reported that patients were not automatically assessed for mobilisation, the majority reported requiring a doctor's referral (n = 31, 83.8%). Mobility practices were conservative, especially when patients were intubated or in the presence of radial and femoral catheters. Major patient-level barriers included medical instability (n = 24, 72.7%) and excessive sedation (n = 18, 54.5%); whereas institutional barriers were the requirement for a doctor's referral (n = 22, 64.7%) and no written guidelines or protocols for mobilisation (n = 16, 47.1%). Provider level barriers were that mobility is not perceived as important by some individuals (n = 18, 78.3%). CONCLUSION: Our study revealed knowledge gaps, conservative mobility practices and numerous barriers to EM implementation at the patient, provider and institutional levels. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: The findings highlight the need for targeted education, training programmes, standardised mobility protocols and the establishment of a dedicated mobility champion to promote EM in Windhoek ICUs.

Abstract Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is a polymer that can be used in applications requiring its exposition to gamma radiation, nevertheless, the radiation induces main chain scission backbone, leading to modification in some properties. Therefore, using materials such as layered double hydroxide (LDH), was evaluated as a new radiation shielding agent. This work synthesized LDH and added to PMMA by an in-situ polymerization method. Viscosimetric analysis showed that LDH at 0.25 wt% concentration promotes polymer radiolytic protection of 90% against damage caused by gamma radiation. The topographic images obtained by AFM revealed increasing PMMA/LDH film roughness, which impacted the lower film transmittance. The combined effect of LDH and gamma radiation interferes with the degradation process of PMMA, promoting reduced rigidity, greater mobility of polymer chains, and lower optical gap energy. Thus, these results open a promising path for using LDH as additives in polymers exposed to gamma radiation.

Abstract This study aimed to develop a bromelain-based gel and evaluate its effects in a ligature-induced periodontitis model in rats. The bromelain-based gel was formulated in two concentrations (1% and 10%). Ten animals were used per group: Control, Periodontitis, Periodontitis + Neutral Gel, Periodontitis + 1% Bromelain Gel, Periodontitis + 10% Bromelain Gel and Periodontitis + 2% Chlorhexidine Gel. The clinical parameters of tooth mobility (TM), gingival bleeding index (GBI) and probing pocket depth (PPD) were evaluated and, after euthanasia, gingival and liver tissue were collected by biopsy for biochemical evaluation of myeloperoxidase (MPO), malonaldehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and from the jaws for morphometric analysis of alveolar bone height. The clinical parameters of MT, GBI and PPD of the groups treated with bromelain gel showed a significant reduction (MT = 67.04%, GBI = 67.72% and PPD = 41.22%) compared to the group with periodontitis. The results for MPO dosage in the gingival tissue showed statistically significant differences between the groups when compared to the group with periodontitis, MDA and GSH showed promising results in the groups treated with gels in the dosages of gingival and liver tissue. The results for ABL showed significant differences when compared to the groups that received gel treatment. Therefore, the bromelain orabase gel evaluated in periodontitis showed a positive response for the following parameters TM, GBI and PPD, MPO, MDA and ABL of the oral tissues, preventing alveolar bone resorption caused by the disease, highlighting the potential as an adjuvant treatment of periodontitis, in addition to reducing the systemic effects on the liver tissue.

RESUMEN Introducción: La inestabilidad anterior de hombro afecta en gran parte a población jóven y deportista, donde los deportes de contacto o colisión son los que tienen mayor riesgo de provocarla y mayor tasa de recidiva. Es por esto, que existe una tendencia a realizar el procedimiento de Latarjet en esta población. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar los resultados funcionales y complicaciones luego de realizar este procedimiento en jugadores de rugby operados en Uruguay. Materiales y métodos: Se incluyeron un total de 21 pacientes tratados quirurgicamente con el procedimiento de Latarjet de forma abierta. Se evaluaron clinicamente registrando rangos de movilidad del hombro y dolor mediante escala visual analógica (EVA). También se aplicó el score de Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (WOSI). Se valoró retorno al deporte o no, y nivel del mismo. Todas las complicaciones relacionadas fueron documentadas. Resultados: El seguimiento promedio fue de 3 años y medio. En 5 casos (23.8%) se realizó la cirugía de Latarjet como revisón de un primer procedimiento de Bankart. Se obtuvo un rango de movilidad completo en todos los pacientes. El dolor según la escala de EVA fue de 1.3. El score funcional de WOSI promedio fue de 75%. El retorno al deporte se dio en el 95.2% de los pacientes, donde el 71.5% lo realizaron al mismo nivel competitivo. No se registraron casos de recidiva con luxaciones o subluxaciones, 1 paciente quedo con aprhensión del hombro operado. 3 casos (14.8%) presentaron una artrosis glenohumeral en estadío 2. Conclusión: La técnica de Latarjet muestra excelentes resultados para la inestabilidad anterior de hombro logrando articulaciones estables, con un bajo grado de recurrencia y artrosis para los pacientes sometidos tanto a cirugías primarias como de revisión.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Anterior shoulder instability largely affects the young and athletic population, where contact or collision sports have the highest risk of causing it and the highest recurrence rate. For this reason, there is a tendency to perform the Latarjet procedure in this population. The aim of this work is to analyze the functional results and complications after performing this procedure in rugby players operated in Uruguay. Materials and methods: A total of 21 patients treated surgically with the open Latarjet procedure were included. They were clinically evaluated by recording ranges of shoulder mobility and pain using a visual analog scale (VAS). The Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (WOSI) score was also applied. Return to sport or not, and level of sport were assessed. All related complications were documented. Results: The average follow-up was 3.5 years. In 5 cases (23.8%) Latarjet surgery was performed as a revision of a first Bankart procedure. Full range of motion was obtained in all patients. Pain according to the VAS scale was 1.3. The average WOSI functional score was 75%. Return to sport occurred in 95.2% of patients, 71.5% of whom returned to the same competitive level. There were no cases of recurrence with dislocations or subluxations, 1 patient remained with apprehension of the operated shoulder. 3 cases (14.8%) presented stage 2 glenohumeral arthrosis. Conclusion: The Latarjet technique shows excellent results for anterior shoulder instability achieving stable joints, with a low degree of recurrence and arthrosis for patients who underwent both primary and revision surgeries.

RESUMO Introdução: A instabilidade anterior do ombro afecta em grande parte a população jovem e atlética, onde os desportos de contacto ou colisão têm o maior risco de a causar e a maior taxa de recorrência. Por este motivo, existe uma tendência para realizar o procedimento de Latarjet nesta população. O objetivo deste estudo é analisar os resultados funcionais e as complicações após este procedimento em jogadores de rúgbi operados no Uruguai. Materiais e métodos: Foram incluídos 21 pacientes tratados cirurgicamente com o procedimento aberto de Latarjet. Foram avaliados clinicamente através do registo das amplitudes de mobilidade do ombro e da dor utilizando uma escala visual analógica (EVA). Foi também utilizada a pontuação do Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (WOSI). Foram avaliados o regresso ou não ao desporto e o nível de prática desportiva. Todas as complicações relacionadas foram documentadas. Resultados: O seguimento médio foi de 3,5 anos. Em 5 casos (23,8%), a cirurgia de Latarjet foi efectuada como revisão de um primeiro procedimento de Bankart. Foi obtida uma amplitude de movimentos completa em todos os doentes. A dor, de acordo com a escala VAS, foi de 1,3. A pontuação funcional WOSI média foi de 75%. O regresso ao desporto ocorreu em 95,2% dos doentes, sendo que 71,5% regressaram ao mesmo nível competitivo. Não houve casos de recidiva com luxações ou subluxações, 1 paciente permaneceu com impacto no ombro. 3 casos (14,8%) apresentaram artrose glenoumeral estágio 2. Conclusão: A técnica de Latarjet apresenta excelentes resultados para a instabilidade anterior do ombro, conseguindo articulações estáveis, com baixo grau de recidiva e osteoartrose, tanto em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia primária como à cirurgia de revisão.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a funcionalidade e fatores associados em crianças e adolescentes com osteogênese imperfeita (OI). Métodos: Estudo transversal com 30 crianças e adolescentes com OI. Foram avaliados prontuários médicos, uso de bisfosfonatos, características socioeconômicas, dinamometria de preensão palmar, equilíbrio, hipermobilidade articular, nível de deambulação e escores do Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory - Computer Adaptative Test (PEDI-CAT). Os dados foram apresentados em média e desvio padrão e comparados por teste t por Mann-Whitney, enquanto os categóricos foram apresentados em frequência e comparados pelo teste exato de Fisher. Análises intragrupos foram realizadas por análise de covariância (ANCOVA) ou Teste de Wilcoxon para postos sinalizados. O teste Tau-b de Kendall foi usado para correlações. Resultados: A idade variou de 6 a 18 anos. A amostra foi dividida em dois grupos de acordo com a gravidade da doença. Casos moderados/graves (n=10) apresentaram menor estatura e força muscular comparadas às dos leves (n=20). Fraqueza muscular foi observada em todos os casos de OI quando comparados à população normal. Não houve diferença nos domínios do PEDI-CAT com exceção do domínio mobilidade. Houve correlação entre o número de fraturas, tipo de OI, peso e equilíbrio e o domínio mobilidade; e entre os domínios Atividades Diárias e Mobilidade e Responsabilidade e Social/cognitivo do PEDI-CAT. Conclusões: Nossos achados sugerem que crianças com OI moderada/severa podem atingir o mesmo nível de funcionalidade que crianças com a forma leve. Fraturas podem ter grande influência no nível de funcionalidade e o tratamento deve enfocar a prevenção e a reabilitação desses eventos. Objetivo . (OI) Métodos 3 médicos bisfosfonatos socioeconômicas palmar articular PEDICAT. PEDICAT PEDI CAT (PEDI-CAT) MannWhitney, MannWhitney Mann Whitney, Whitney Mann-Whitney Fisher ANCOVA (ANCOVA sinalizados Taub Tau b correlações Resultados 1 anos doença moderadosgraves moderados graves n=10 n10 n 10 (n=10 n=20. n20 n=20 20 (n=20) normal mobilidade fraturas Socialcognitivo Social cognitivo CAT. Conclusões moderadasevera moderada severa leve eventos (OI (PEDI-CAT n=1 n1 (n=1 n2 n=2 2 (n=20 n= (n= (n=2 (n

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the functioning and associated factors in children and adolescents with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted on 30 children and adolescents with OI. Medical records, use of bisphosphonates, socioeconomic status, handgrip strength, balance, joint hypermobility, ambulatory level, and the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory—Computer Adaptative Test (PEDI-CAT) scores were assessed. Data is presented as mean and standard deviation and Student’s t-test or Mann–Whitney U test. Categorical data is presented as frequency and analyzed using Fisher’s exact test. Within-group analyses were conducted using ANCOVA or Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Correlations used Kendall’s Tau-b test. Results: The participants involved in this study were 6–18 years old. The sample was separated into two groups according to disease severity. The moderate/severe OI group (n=10) presented a lower height and muscular strength than the mild group (n=20). Muscle weakness was observed in all participants with OI when compared with the normal population. No differences were observed between the groups in the PEDI-CAT scores except for the mobility domain. There were correlations between the PEDI-CAT mobility domain and the number of fractures, OI type, weight, and balance; there was also a correlation between the PEDI-CAT daily activities, mobility, responsibility, and social/cognitive domains. Conclusions: The findings suggest that children with moderate/severe forms of OI can achieve the same function levels as children with mild OI. Fractures can have a major influence on the functional level, and treatment should focus on the prevention and rehabilitation of these events when they occur. Objective . (OI) Methods crosssectional cross sectional 3 records bisphosphonates status balance hypermobility level InventoryComputer Inventory Computer PEDICAT PEDI CAT (PEDI-CAT assessed Students Student s ttest t test MannWhitney Mann Whitney Fishers Fisher Withingroup Within signedrank signed rank Kendalls Kendall Taub Tau b Results 618 6 18 6–1 old severity moderatesevere moderate severe n=10 n10 n 10 (n=10 n=20. n20 n=20 20 (n=20) population fractures type weight activities responsibility socialcognitive social cognitive domains Conclusions occur (OI 61 1 6– n=1 n1 (n=1 n2 n=2 2 (n=20 n= (n= (n=2 (n

RESUMO Objetivo: descrever a condição miofuncional orofacial global de pacientes com traumatismos faciais e analisar aspectos posturais e de mobilidade relacionados à função deglutição em diferentes etapas de recuperação. Métodos: estudo analítico e transversal. 36 participantes, idade entre 19 e 67 anos. Realizada em cinco etapas (D1, D2, D3, D4 e D5): oitavo ao sexagésimo dia após trauma. Utilizou-se o Protocolo de Avaliação Miofuncional Orofacial com Escores (AMIOFE) adaptado. Foi realizada análise estatística descritiva e inferencial, utilizando os testes t-Student pareado ou teste Wilcoxon pareado e o teste de Friedman na comparação entre as cinco avaliações. A margem de erro utilizada na decisão dos testes estatísticos foi de 5%. Resultados: nos movimentos labiais a maioria (69,4%) tinha inabilidade severa. Nos movimentos da língua, as duas categorias relacionadas, falta de precisão e inabilidade severa, apresentaram percentuais de 52,8% e 41,7%, respectivamente. Na movimentação da mandíbula, a maioria (83,3%) apresentava inabilidade severa. No escore AMIOFE, a mediana foi menos elevada em D1 (29,00), seguida por D2 (33,00), mais elevada em D5 (46,00) e variou de 39,50 a 41,00 nas outras duas avaliações com diferenças significativas entre: D1 diferente de D3, D4 e D5 e D2 diferente de D5. Conclusão: houve evolução positiva espontânea da condição miofuncional orofacial ao longo das avaliações. Contudo, é necessária atenção dos profissionais envolvidos. Objetivo recuperação Métodos transversal 3 participantes 1 6 anos D1, D (D1 D3 D5) trauma Utilizouse Utilizou se AMIOFE (AMIOFE adaptado inferencial tStudent t Student 5 5% Resultados 69,4% 694 69 4 (69,4% severa língua relacionadas 528 52 8 52,8 417 41 7 41,7% respectivamente mandíbula 83,3% 833 83 (83,3% 29,00, 2900 29,00 , 29 00 (29,00) 33,00, 3300 33,00 33 (33,00) 46,00 4600 46 (46,00 3950 39 50 39,5 4100 41,0 Conclusão Contudo envolvidos (D 69,4 (69,4 52, 41,7 83,3 (83,3 290 29,0 2 0 (29,00 330 33,0 (33,00 46,0 460 (46,0 395 39, 410 41, 69, (69, 83, (83, 29, (29,0 33, (33,0 46, (46, (69 (83 (29, (33, (46 (6 (8 (29 (33 (4 ( (2 (3

ABSTRACT Purpose: to describe the global orofacial myofunctional condition of patients presented with facial trauma and analyze postural and mobility aspects related to swallowing function at different stages of recovery. Methods: an analytical and cross-sectional study with 36 participants, aged 19 to 67 years, conducted in five stages (D1, D2, D3, D4, and D5), on the 8th to 60th day after trauma, using the adapted Orofacial Myofunctional Evaluation Protocol with Scores (OMES). Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was performed using the paired Student's t-test or paired Wilcoxon test, and the Friedman test which compared the five evaluations. A 5% margin of error was used in the decision of the statistical tests. Results: in lip movements, the majority (69.4%) had severe inability. In tongue movements, the two related categories (imprecise and severe inability) had percentages of 52.8% and 41.7%, respectively. In jaw movements, the majority (83.3%) had severe inability. The median OMES score was lowest in D1 (29.00), followed by D2 (33.00), highest in D5 (46.00), and ranged from 39.50 to 41.00 in the other two evaluations, with significant differences between D1 and D3, D4 and D5, and D2 and D5. Conclusion: the orofacial myofunctional condition progressed, spontaneously and positively, throughout the evaluations. However, attention is needed from the professionals involved. Purpose recovery Methods crosssectional cross sectional 3 participants 1 6 years D1, D (D1 D3 , D5) th OMES. . (OMES) Students Student s ttest t evaluations 5 tests Results movements 69.4% 694 69 4 (69.4% inability imprecise 528 52 8 52.8 417 41 7 41.7% respectively 83.3% 833 83 (83.3% 29.00, 2900 29.00 29 00 (29.00) 33.00, 3300 33.00 33 (33.00) 46.00, 4600 46.00 46 (46.00) 3950 39 50 39.5 4100 41.0 Conclusion progressed positively However involved (D (OMES 69.4 (69.4 52. 41.7 83.3 (83.3 290 29.0 2 0 (29.00 330 33.0 (33.00 460 46.0 (46.00 395 39. 410 41. 69. (69. 83. (83. 29. (29.0 33. (33.0 46. (46.0 (69 (83 (29. (33. (46. (6 (8 (29 (33 (46 ( (2 (3 (4

ORIENTATION: Expatriate entrepreneurs (EEs) willingly seek to relocate abroad independently and belong to the self-initiated expatriates (SIEs) group. They possess the classic behavioural characteristics of entrepreneurs, have the propensity to embrace risk and uncertainty and have high self-efficacy and control while seeking opportunities to initiate business development RESEARCH PURPOSE: This study explores the drivers behind EEs' decisions to migrate to South Africa MOTIVATION FOR THE STUDY: The global demand for talent remains the most crucial issue facing many countries. South Africa must attract EE's to grow the economy as they will start their businesses and provide employment RESEARCH APPROACH/DESIGN AND METHOD: The research philosophy used in the study was interpretivism. A qualitative methodology adopting snowball sampling was used to identify focus groups, as no reliable records existed. Thematic analysis was adopted to analyse the data collected MAIN FINDINGS: Drivers to migrate included infrastructure development, business and trade, education, family problems, political instability and the desire to travel abroad PRACTICAL/MANAGERIAL IMPLICATIONS: Expatriate entrepreneurs should acquire the knowledge and understanding of the local culture to help them integrate into South African society. Expatriate entrepreneurs and their families should be willing to learn and speak the local dialects, especially isiXhosa and isiZulu. The Department of Home Affairs needs to make the acquisition of permits and visas less problematic CONTRIBUTION/VALUE-ADD: The study examines EEs who choose to live and start their own businesses abroad by exploring the drivers behind North-South mobility on the African continent