Abstract This study investigated the effect of dolomitic lime incorporation on the microstructure and mechanical properties of metakaolin-based geopolymers activated by alkaline solution. Five geopolymer mixtures were prepared with the addition of 0.0%, 2.5%, 5.0%, 7.5%, and 10.0% dolomitic lime. The microstructure of the geopolymers was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray diffraction analyses (XRD). The compressive strength of the mixtures ranged between 53.2 and 63.0 MPa after 28 days of ambient curing. SEM/EDS analyses showed that the main phases formed were the N-A-S-H gel together with the C-A-S-H and N-M-A-S-H gels in the mixtures with dolomitic lime. In summary, the results showed that the incorporation of dolomitic lime can significantly improve the microstructure and properties of geopolymers. metakaolinbased metakaolin based solution 00 0 0.0% 25 2 5 2.5% 50 5.0% 75 7 7.5% 100 10 10.0 SEM, SEM , (SEM) energydispersive energy dispersive Xray X ray EDS, EDS (EDS) XRD. XRD . (XRD) 532 53 53. 630 63 63. curing SEMEDS NASH N A S H CASH C NMASH M summary 0.0 2.5 5.0 7.5 1 10. (SEM (EDS (XRD 6 0. 2. 5. 7.

Resumo Este estudo investigou o efeito da incorporação de cal dolomítica na microestrutura e nas propriedades mecânicas de geopolímeros à base de metacaulim ativados por solução alcalina. Foram preparadas cinco misturas de geopolímeros com adição de 0,0%, 2,5%, 5,0%, 7,5% e 10,0% de cal dolomítica. A microestrutura dos geopolímeros foi avaliada por microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV), espectroscopia de energia dispersiva de raios X (EDS) e análises de difração de raios X (DRX). A resistência à compressão das misturas variou entre 53,2 e 63,0 MPa após 28 dias de cura ambiente. As análises SEM/EDS mostraram que as principais fases formadas foram o gel N-A-S-H juntamente com os géis C-A-S-H e N-M-A-S-H nas misturas com cal dolomítica. Em resumo, os resultados mostraram que a incorporação de cal dolomítica pode melhorar significativamente a microestrutura e as propriedades dos geopolímeros. alcalina 00 0 0,0% 25 2 5 2,5% 50 5,0% 75 7 7,5 100 10 10,0 MEV, MEV , (MEV) EDS (EDS DRX. DRX . (DRX) 532 53 53, 630 63 63, ambiente SEMEDS SEM NASH N S H CASH C NMASH M resumo 0,0 2,5 5,0 7, 1 10, (MEV (DRX 6 0, 2, 5,

Abstract Introduction: Levee forests exhibit a vertical stratification that may contribute to structural complexity allowing a great diversity of birds to thrive on the islands. In deltaic ecosystems there is scarce or no data to prove it. Objectives: To assess variations in the composition of the bird community within levee forests. Methods: Two areas of protected wetlands belonging to the Paraná River Delta in Argentina were sampled for three years. A comparative analysis of richness, abundance, and diversity was performed in different levee forests using the point count method. Results: Three distinct types of levee forests -open, intermediate, and closed- were identified based on the structure of their vegetation, hosting a total of 85 bird species. Variation in avian community structure among forest types revealed greater diversity in open forests during winter (3.26 ± 0.13, P < 0.01) and spring (3.58 ± 0.05, P < 0.01), and greater richness in autumn (35.33 ± 3.01, P < 0.01). The closed forests exhibited increased diversity during autumn (3.16 ± 0.13, P < 0.05) and summer (3.24 ± 0.06, P < 0.05), along with elevated abundance in autumn (114 ± 13.70, P < 0.05) and richness in spring (39.17 ± 4.71, P = 0.01). Due to the evolutionary history between sites, significant variation was observed in the most recently created national park, influencing abundance in winter (141 ± 22.06, P < 0.01) and spring (176 ± 12.83, P < 0.01), as well as diversity in winter (3.25 ± 0.10, P < 0.01) and spring (3.50 ± 0.10, P < 0.01). Conclusions: The microhabitat in the different levee forests allows the birds to organize differently. Focusing on microspatial dynamics is key to a deep understanding of the biological processes within subtropical islands and to plan conservation strategies and demonstrate the transition of a recovering riparian forest towards its natural state, where the pulse of the river and the effect of seasonality do not stop operating.

Resumen Introducción: Los bosques de albardón exhiben una estratificación vertical que puede contribuir en la complejidad estructural, permitiendo que una gran diversidad de aves prospere en las islas. En ecosistemas deltaicos hay escasos datos que lo demuestren. Objetivos: Evaluar las variaciones en la composición de la comunidad de aves dentro de los bosques de albardón. Método: Se muestrearon durante tres años, dos áreas protegidas de humedales pertenecientes al Delta del Río Paraná, Argentina. Se realizó un análisis comparativo de riqueza, abundancia y diversidad de aves en tres diferentes bosques de albardón, utilizando el método de conteo por puntos. Resultados: Tres distintos tipos de bosque de albardón -abiertos, intermedios y cerrados- fueron identificados con base en la estructura de su vegetación, hospedando un total de 85 especies de aves. La variación en la estructura de la comunidad de aves entre tipos de bosque revela mayor diversidad en bosques abiertos durante el invierno (3.26 ± 0.13, P < 0.01) y la primavera (3.58 ± 0.05, P < 0.01), y mayor riqueza en otoño (35.33 ± 3.01, P < 0.01). Los bosques cerrados exhibieron mayor diversidad en el otoño (3.16 ± 0.13, P < 0.05) y en verano (3.24 ± 0.06, P < 0.05), junto con elevada abundancia en otoño (114 ± 13.70, P < 0.05) y elevada riqueza en primavera (39.17 ± 4.71, P=0.01). Debido a la historia evolutiva entre sitios, se observó variación significativa en el parque nacional de más reciente creación, influyendo en la abundancia del invierno (141 ± 22.06, P < 0.01) y de la primavera (176 ± 12.83, P < 0.01), así como en la diversidad en el invierno (3.25 ± 0.10, P < 0.01) y en la primavera (3.50 ± 0.10, P < 0.01). Conclusiones: El microhábitat en los diferentes bosques de albardón permite a las aves organizarse diferencialmente. Enfocarse en la dinámica microespacial es clave para una comprensión profunda de los procesos biológicos dentro de las islas subtropicales, planificar estrategias de conservación y evidenciar la transición de un bosque ripario en recuperación hacia su estado natural, donde el pulso del río y el efecto de la estacionalidad no dejan de operar.

ABSTRACT The high demand for starch in the food industry drives the search for new alternative sources for extraction. In this regard, Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott, an edible root, is a promising alternative source for starch extraction. This study focused on correlating the technological and thermal properties with the microstructure and size distribution of starch from white and purple varieties. Starch granules with high thermal stability (132-258.3 °C) and good digestibility based on granule size (0.79-4.05 µm) were obtained. It was demonstrated that larger starch granules exhibit higher water absorption capacity (WAC) (139±0.53%). Moreover, the increase in WAC results in a higher gelatinization temperature (76.1±0.3 °C), which is favorable as it allows the use of this starch in food processing at high temperatures.

RESUMEN La alta demanda de almidón en la industria alimentaria provoca la búsqueda de nuevas fuentes alternativas para su extracción. En este sentido, Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott es una raíz comestible que demuestra ser una buena fuente alternativa para la extracción de almidón. Este estudio se centró en relacionar las propiedades tecnológicas y térmicas con la microestructura y la distribución de tamaño del almidón de las variedades blanca y morada. Se obtuvieron gránulos de almidón con una alta estabilidad térmica (132-258,3 °C) y buena digestibilidad basada en el tamaño de los gránulos (0,79-4,05 µm). Se demostró que los gránulos de almidón más grandes originan mayor capacidad de absorción de agua (WAC) (139±0,53%), además el aumento de WAC genera una mayor temperatura de gelatinización (76,1±0,3 °C), este comportamiento es favorable, pues permite el uso de este almidón en el procesamiento de alimentos a altas temperaturas.

SUMMARY: Sex estimation from skeletal remains is crucial in forensic anthropology, with growing interest in the microscopic differences in bone structure between sexes. This study compared the Haversian canal (Osteonic canal) diameter (Diameter.Hc) and Haversian system (Osteon) diameter (Diameter.Hs) in the humerus, radius, and ulna of adult males and females in a Thai population. Transverse sections from the midshaft of each bone were obtained from 20 cadavers (10 males, 10 females), processed histologically, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Results showed no significant differences in Diameter.Hc and Diameter.Hs between sexes or among the three bones within each sex (p > 0.05). However, both parameters were larger in humans compared to Assamese macaques, highlighting interspecific variations in bone microstructure. These findings suggest that Haversian canal and system diameters may not be reliable sex indicators in the Thai population. Nonetheless, the observed differences between humans and non-human primates underscore the importance of further research into interspecific variation in bone microstructure and its potential applications in forensic anthropology and comparative anatomy.

RESUMEN: La estimación del sexo a partir de restos esqueléticos es crucial en la antropología forense, con un interés creciente en las diferencias microscópicas en la estructura ósea entre sexos. Este estudio comparó el diámetro del canal osteónico (Canal de Havers) (Diámetro.Hc) y el diámetro de la osteona (Sistema de Havers) (Diámetro.Hs) en el húmero, el radio y la ulna de hombres y mujeres adultos en una población tailandesa. Se obtuvieron secciones transversales de la diáfisis media de cada hueso de 20 cadáveres (10 hombres, 10 mujeres), se procesaron histológicamente y se tiñeron con hematoxilina y eosina. Los resultados no mostraron diferencias significativas en Diámetro.Hc y Diámetro.Hs entre sexos o entre los tres huesos dentro de cada sexo (p > 0,05). Sin embargo, ambos parámetros eran mayores en los humanos en comparación con los monos asamés, lo que destaca las variaciones interespecíficas en la microestructura ósea. Estos hallazgos sugieren que los diámetros del canal osteónico y de la osteona pueden no ser indicadores de sexo confiables en la población tailandesa. No obstante, las diferencias observadas entre humanos y primates no humanos subrayan la importancia de realizar más investigaciones sobre la variación interespecífica en la microestructura ósea y sus posibles aplicaciones en antropología forense y anatomía comparada.

Poor phase separation and fine dissemination of the desired components within congruous slag phases are key challenges limiting the recoverability of values from slags by conventional beneficiation methods. Slag microstructure conditioning is a pragmatic approach to increasing the value-in-use of discard slags, especially when integrated with the broader smelter infrastructure. Although not yet tested on oxide slag systems, this paper explores the potential application of magnetohydrodynamic principles to the crystallization behaviour of bulk slags. Integrating the slag microstructure conditioning infrastructure to the existing smelter infrastructure is key to unlocking the economic value of slags because it is most economic to condition the properties of molten slag directly after tapping. A new business model that integrates smelting units to transversal economic activities, such as cement production and suppliers of construction aggregates, can significantly increase the circularity of metallurgical slags.

Abstract Additive manufacturing has evolved from a rapid prototyping technology to a technology with the ability to produce highly complex parts with superior mechanical properties than those obtained conventionally. The processing of metallic powders by means of a laser makes it possible to process any type of alloy and even metal matrix composites. The present work analyzes the tensile and compressive response of 316L stainless steel processed by laser-based powder bed fusion. The resulting microstructure was evaluated by optical microscopy. Regarding the mechanical properties, the yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, percentage of elongation before breakage, compressive strength and microhardness were determined. The results show that the microstructure is constituted by stacked micro molten pools, within which cellular sub-grains are formed due to the high thermal gradient and solidification rate. The compressive strength (1511.88 ± 9.22 MPa) is higher than the tensile strength (634.80 ± 11.62 MPa). This difference is mainly associated with strain hardening and the presence of residual stresses. The initial microhardness was 206.24 ± 11.96 HV; after the compression test, the hardness increased by 23%.

Resumen La fabricación aditiva ha evolucionado desde una tecnología de prototipado rápido hasta una con la capacidad de producir piezas altamente complejas con propiedades mecánicas que superan las logradas de manera convencional. El procesamiento de polvos metálicos mediante tecnología láser permite el tratamiento de una amplia gama de aleaciones e incluso materiales compuestos. Este estudio analiza la respuesta a tracción y compresión del acero inoxidable 316L fusionado mediante fusión selectiva láser. La microestructura resultante fue analizada mediante microscopía óptica. En cuanto a las propiedades mecánicas, se determinaron la resistencia a la fluencia, la resistencia última a la tracción, el porcentaje de elongación antes de la fractura, la resistencia a la compresión y la microdureza. Los resultados muestran que la microestructura está compuesta por micropiletas fundidas apiladas, dentro de las cuales se generan subgranos celulares debido al alto gradiente térmico y la alta velocidad de solidificación. La resistencia a la compresión (1511.88 ± 9.22 MPa) es superior a la resistencia a tracción (634.80 ± 11.62 MPa). Esta diferencia está principalmente asociada con el endurecimiento por deformación y las tensiones residuales. La microdureza inicial fue de 206.24 ± 11.96 HV, y después de la prueba de compresión, la dureza aumentó en un 23 %.

Abstract Background: Floral microstructure, with multiple functions, is very important in pollination biology. Questions: Are the expected general characteristics of corolla micromorphology fulfilled in the selected species with different pollination systems? Studied species: Agave americana, Arbutus unedo, Aristolochia paucinervis, Cestrum nocturnum, Cytinus hypocistis subsp. macranthus, C. ruber, Dianthus lusitanus, Grevillea robusta, Musa x paradisiaca, Nicotiana glauca, Stellaria media and Teucrium fruticans. Study site and dates: Southern Spain, 2017-2019. Methods: Floral micromorphological characters were studied by light and scanning electron microscopy and analyzed using different statistical tests. Results: The adaxial side of the corolla lobes in melittophilous, myrmecophilous, psychophilous and sapromyophilous species showed papillose cells, and the same was true of the sphingophilous species Cestrum nocturnum and hummingbird-pollinated Nicotiana glauca. In contrast, tabular cells were observed in the perching-pollinator ornithophilous species Grevillea robusta, the two studied chiropterophilous species, and autogamous Stellaria media. In addition, corolla mesophyll was thicker in chiropterophilous species. Furthermore, differences were detected in cell turgidity (in protogynous Aristolochia paucinervis) and in mesophyll thickness between male and female flowers (Cytinus). Conclusions: Papillose cells were present in corollas in physical contact with pollinators, as expected, but also appeared in corollas of some other species without such contact. We recommend that studies of dichogamous and unisexual species include comparisons of corolla micromorphology between sexual states, as differences may exist in cell turgidity or mesophyll thickness. We also caution against the widespread view that certain types of pollinators do not mechanically interact with the epidermal surface of the corolla.

Resumen: Antecedentes: La microestructura floral posee gran importancia en biología de la polinización, con múltiples funciones. Preguntas: ¿Se cumplen los patrones esperados de micromorfología de la corola en las especies seleccionadas? Especies de estudio: Agave americana, Arbutus unedo, Aristolochia paucinervis, Cestrum nocturnum, Cytinus hypocistis subsp. macranthus, C. ruber, Dianthus lusitanus, Grevillea robusta, Musa x paradisiaca, Nicotiana glauca, Stellaria media y Teucrium fruticans. Sitio y años de estudio: Sur de España, 2017-2019. Métodos: Micromorfología floral estudiada a MO y MEB y analizada mediante pruebas estadísticas. Resultados: La cara adaxial de los lóbulos corolinos en las especies melitófilas, mirmecófilas, psicófilas y sapromófilas mostró células papilosas, pero también en la esfingófila Cestrum nocturnum y en la ornitófila por colibríes Nicotiana glauca. Presentaron células tabulares la ornitófila perchera Grevillea robusta, las dos especies quiropterófilas y la autógama Stellaria media. Además, el mesofilo de las quiropterófilas fue más grueso. Finalmente, hubo diferencias en la turgencia celular (A. paucinervis, protógina) y en el grosor del mesofilo entre las flores masculinas y femeninas (Cytinus). Conclusiones: Se cumplió el patrón esperado de existencia de células papilosas en corolas que contactan físicamente con los polinizadores, pero también aparecieron en corolas sin tal contacto. En especies con dicogamia y unisexualidad es aconsejable estudiar la microestructura corolina diferenciando entre los dos estados sexuales, ya que la turgencia celular o el grosor del mesofilo podrían diferenciarlos. También advertimos contra la amplia opinión de que ciertos tipos de polinizadores no interaccionan mecánicamente con la superficie epidérmica de la corola.

Abstract Objective: This study aims to unveil the competence in the production of argumentative written texts among first-year students at the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras-UNAH during the first academic term of 2018. Originality/Contribution: The relevance of this article lies in the need to develop a strategic program that promotes academic literacy from the early stages of Higher Education, enabling students to autonomously continue their qualification process. Additionally this research seeks to contribute to improving the quality of Higher Education, initially focusing on the learning spaces within the Department of Letters and, in the long run, extending to other academic areas. Method: This study adopts an interpretive paradigm with a qualitative approach and employs intentional sampling. To achieve the objectives, the analysis and interpretation of the microstructure, superstructure, and macrostructure of the participants’ textual production were conducted. Data Collection Strategies: Applied Design: action research, through which a corpus of 150 argumentative essays written by fifty students was compiled. From this corpus, 30 relevant essays were selected. Discourse analysis served as the technique for analyzing and interpreting the written texts. Conclusion: Students do not demonstrate competence in producing academic argumentative texts. Their writings exhibit limitations, although they also demonstrate significant potential.

Resumo Objetivo: Revelar a competência na produção de texto escrito argumentativo dos estudantes do primeiro ano da Universidade Nacional Autónoma das Honduras (UNAH) no primeiro período académico de 2018. Originalidade/suporte: A sua importância reside na necessidade de desenvolver um programa estratégico que permita a literacia académica desde o início do ensino superior, para que os estudantes possam posteriormente continuar o seu processo de qualificação de forma autónoma. Pretende-se ainda que esta investigação contribua para a melhoria da qualidade do ensino superior, em princípio, especificamente nos espaços de aprendizagem do Departamento de Letras e por extensão, a longo prazo, a outras áreas académicas. Método: Situa-se no paradigma interpretativo, de abordagem qualitativa. Amostra intencional. Para atingir os objectivos, procedeu-se à análise e interpretação da microestrutura, superestrutura e macroestrutura da produção textual dos participantes. Estratégias/ coleta de datos: Conceção aplicada: investigação-ação, através da qual se formou um corpus de cento e cinquenta ensaios argumentativos escritos por cinquenta alunos. Deste corpus foram seleccionados trinta textos relevantes. A técnica de análise e interpretação dos textos foi a análise do discurso. Conclusão: Os alunos não são utilizadores competentes na produção de textos académicos argumentativos. Os seus textos apresentam limitações, mas também muitas potencialidades.

Resumen Objetivo: Develar la competencia en la producción del texto escrito argumentativo de los estudiantes de primer ingreso de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras (UNAH) en el primer periodo académico de 2018. Originalidad/aporte: Su importancia radica en la necesidad de desarrollar un programa estratégico que permita la alfabetización académica desde los inicios de la educación superior, con el fin de que posteriormente los estudiantes puedan de manera autónoma continuar su proceso de cualificación. Asimismo, se busca que esta investigación constituya un aporte para mejorar la calidad de la educación superior, en principio, de manera específica en los espacios de aprendizaje del Departamento de Letras y por extensión en el largo plazo a las demás áreas académicas. Método: Se ubica en el paradigma interpretativo, enfoque cualitativo. Muestra intencional. Para alcanzar los objetivos se llevó a cabo el análisis e interpretación de la microestructura, la superestructura y la macroestructura de la producción textual de los participantes. Estrategias/recolección de información: Diseño aplicado: investigación acción, a través del cual se conformó un corpus de ciento cincuenta ensayos argumentativos escritos por cincuenta estudiantes. De este se seleccionaron treinta escritos relevantes. La técnica para el análisis e interpretación de los escritos fue el análisis del discurso. Conclusión: Los estudiantes no son usuarios competentes en la producción del texto académico argumentativo. Sus escritos presentan limitaciones, aunque también muchas potencialidades.

The influence of solution treatment on the phase evolution and tensile properties of Ti-Mo alloys was investigated to assess their potential use in biomedical applications. Phase formation and microstructural evolution were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). The mechanical properties were characterized by means of tensile tests and bending strength. XRD analysis showed that solution treatment increased the volume fraction of ß phase and supressed the α" phase. The microstructures of the as-cast alloys consisted of ß equiaxed grains with sub-grain structures of different sizes, while the solution treated alloys comprised ß equiaxed grains only except for Ti-10.02Mo, which comprised needle-like a" structures. EBSD showed an increase in the volume fraction of the ω and α" phases in all the alloys after solution treatment. The elastic modulus and UTS of all the alloy significantly decreased after solution treatment, except for Ti-15.05Mo, whereas the elongation significantly increased. The fracture surfaces of all the alloys after solution treatment indicated more ductile behaviour than brittle.

Abstract This research aims to determine the effect of the global COVID-19 pandemic on the exchange rate, where the microstructure approach will be used, which uses long and short positions in the futures market. Weekly data will be available during the period 2010-2023. A negative relationship has been found between the exchange rate and the net positions, as well as a positive relationship between the exchange rate and the interest rate differential between Mexico and the United States, as indicates the existing literature. The main finding has been the presence of structural change in the relationship due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, it is concluded that the microstructure approach is an adequate model to explain exchange rate fluctuations in the short-term, where the relationship has suffered a structural change due to the pandemic.

Resumen La presente investigación tiene como objetivo determinar el efecto de la pandemia global COVID-19 sobre el tipo de cambio; para ello, se empleó el enfoque de microestructura, el cual utiliza las posiciones largas y cortas del mercado de futuros. Se utilizó información semanal para el periodo 2010-2023. Derivado de dicho análisis, por un lado, se ha encontrado una relación negativa entre tipo de cambio y posiciones netas, así como una relación positiva entre tipo de cambio y diferencial de tasas de interés de México y Estados Unidos, tal como indica la literatura existente. Por otro lado, se ha tenido como hallazgo principal, la presencia de cambio estructural en dicha relación, debido a la pandemia COVID-19. Se concluye que el enfoque de microestructura es un modelo adecuado para explicar las fluctuaciones del tipo de cambio en el corto plazo, donde dicha relación ha sufrido un cambio estructural por la pandemia.

Abstract: Utilization of microbiologically induced calcite precipitation along with fiber composite have great influence on improving strength and durable properties of concrete. The concept of mechanical properties of grouted concrete added with bacteria, steel fibers (SF), rice husk ash (RHA) and light weight aggregate (LWA) has been focused on this work. In the fabrication of concrete specimens, concentration of bacteria, combination of steel fibers and LWA was placed in the form-work, and to fill the voids flowable grout was injected. The variables studied in this work are two different sizes of LWA viz., 10 mm and 12.5 mm with constant dosage of 2% hooked end steel fibers by volume of concrete, 10% RHA was used as cement replacement for preparation of grout and bacteria was incorporated in cement grout by direct application. The prop erties such as compressive strength (CS), compressive strength regain (CSR), crack width healing, impact strength for first crack and final failure, rate of healing was studied for pre-cracked specimens using visual and microscopic observation. In addition, microstructure was studied for grouted concrete without bacteria and with bacteria under immersed curing condi tions. From the experimental results, performance of bacteria added grouted concrete properties such as CS, CSR, cracking healing capacity, and impact strength has improved with the addition of fibers

Abstract: The end, in view of the research, is to effectively utilize natural fiber (basalt) to reinstate the mechanical strength lost by the ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) matrix when the metallic steel fibers are quantitatively curtailed. Also, the river sand is fractionally ousted from the mixture, and manufactured sand is substituted. In addition to the preliminary constituents of UHPC, nano silica was adopted for the adequate packing of the matrix, which aids in strength-gaining reaction as well. To induce sustainability and implement waste utilization, two different proportions using M-Sand were made with 30% and 4% replacement levels, and for each proportion of M-Sand, five different mixes were made for varying fiber incorporation. Including the control mix made without any fiber, a total of 12 mixes were made. Among the fibrous mixes, two were metallic fibrous mixtures, and the rest were hybrid fibrous mixtures, and inter-comparisons were done accordingly. The metallic fibers were added in 1% and 2%, and natural fibers were incorporated in 1%, 2%, and 3% in volumetric fractions. From the trial mixes it was identified that the inclusion of Basalt fibers of more than 3% resulted in reduced workability, and so the addition of basalt fibers was restricted to 3%. The water-to-binder ratio of the UHPC matrix ranged between 0.15 and 0.17, depending upon the dosage of fibers. High range water reducer (HRWR) was mixed with water during casting, to develop the workability. The specimens were tested for compressive strength, split tensile strength, and impact energy resistance. It was identified that the annexation of 1% steel and 3% basalt fibers with 30% M-Sand was effective as they showed better compressive strength and impact resistance than the other combinations. Further Scanning Electron Microscopic (SEM) imaging and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), which were conducted, also validated the inference from the experimental investigations

Abstract: The main purpose of the paper was to study the effect of the geometry of recycled plastic fiber on the performance of mortar based on natural limestone residue. The used fibers were collected from plastic waste of polypropylene, resulting from domestic sweeps fabrication. The main test variables were the type of recycled fibers and the fiber fraction. Two types of recycled fibers were used, straight and crimped fibers, having the same length (20 ± 2mm) and the same diameter (0.45 ± 0.07mm). Four dosages of fibers were considered, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2 wt. %. The obtained results show that the geometry of recycled plastic fibers has an important effect on the performances of limestone residue mortar. The addition of recycled fibers to mortar decreases its workability and the decrease is higher with crimped fibers. The results reveal that the limited dosage of recycled plastic fiber necessary to obtain a workable mortar is 1% and 0.5% for straight and crimped fibers, respectively. The benefit of recycled plastic fibers is well observed on the flexural and compressive behavior of limestone residue mortar, but the strength’s values are higher in straight fibers mortar (SFM) than that in crimped fibers mortar (CFM). The microstructure analysis confirms the good performances of the fiber mortar

Resumen El llamado diccionario regional representativo queda encuadrado dentro de la cada vez más extensa tipología sobre los diccionarios regionales del español (diferenciales e integrales, fundamentalmente). Se trata de un modelo de repertorio que registra no solo el léxico diferencial con el estándar, sino también aquellas voces de la lengua general que representen para el hablante parte de su identidad lingüística y cultural en tanto este se identifica plenamente con su variedad geolectal. La propuesta recoge, en parte, criterios de selección léxica patentes en los tradicionales diccionarios de regionalismos (zoónimos y fitónimos) o bien lexicalizaciones determinadas por la aceptación social de determinados fenómenos fonéticos, etc. y, en cuanto a la microestructura, la organización del artículo en tres bloques perfectamente diferenciados: información lingüística, glosa pluridisciplinar y referencia onomasiológica.

Abstract The so-called representative regional dictionary is framed within the increasingly extensive typology of regional dictionaries of Spanish (differential and integral, fundamentally). It is a repertoire model that registers not only the lexicon that differs from the standard, but also those words of the general language that represent for the speakers part of their linguistic and cultural identity due to their fully identification with their geolectal variety. The proposal includes, in part, lexical selection criteria found in the traditional dictionaries of regionalisms (zoonyms and phytonyms) or lexicalizations determined by the social acceptance of certain phonetic phenomena, etc. and, in terms of microstructure, the organization of the lexicographic article into three perfectly differentiated blocks: linguistic information, multidisciplinary gloss, and onomasiological reference.

Abstract The research was carried out in order to find ways to optimize the system of protection of spring wheat crops. In the conducted studies, the effect of combinations of sodium selenite and various pesticides, differing in the specifics of action and biological activity, on the yield and quality of spring wheat of the Yubileinaya 80 variety was studied. Currently, there is a need to achieve a sufficient effect of the action of chemical plant protection products and to obtain a minimum impact on human health and the environment. The purpose of the research is to study the influence of various combinations of chemical plant protection products and methods of using sodium selenite on the yield and grain quality indicators of spring wheat variety Yubileinaya 80. The studies were carried out under the conditions of a vegetative experiment with spring wheat variety Yubileinaya 80. Two methods of using sodium selenite and chemical plant protection agents of different specifics of action were studied: fungicide, herbicide, and insecticide, which were applied in different combinations and at different times. As a result of the studies, the phytotoxicity of the studied preparations of chemical plant protection was revealed, which apparently manifests itself as a result of inhibition of the morphometric indicators of the growth of the root system and vegetative organs of wheat plants, resulting in a violation of the processes of accumulation of assimilates and their outflow to the reproductive organs. Optimal combinations of pesticides and sodium selenite have been established, allowing to obtain reliable changes in yield and quality indicators of wheat grain. It was revealed that the use of selenium treatment before sowing seeds contributed to a decrease in the phytotoxicity of the studied pesticides, as a result of stimulating the processes of absorption by plants and the redistribution of nitrogen to the reproductive organs of wheat, which had a positive effect not only on the yield and quality of spring wheat of the Yubileynaya 80 variety, but also on the external surface microstructure of the fruit shell of the grain. The noted features of the surface of the fruit shell of the grain will reduce losses during grain processing and obtain processed products from such grain of higher quality. crops activity 8 Currently environment fungicide herbicide insecticide times established

Resumo A presente pesquisa foi realizada com o objetivo de encontrar formas de otimizar o sistema fitofarmacêutico para culturas de trigo de primavera. Nos estudos aqui realizados, foi investigado o efeito de tratamentos combinados de selenito de sódio e diversos pesticidas, diferindo nas especificidades de ação e atividade biológica, assim como no rendimento e na qualidade do trigo de primavera da variedade Yubileinaya 80. Atualmente, existe uma demanda por produtos fitofarmacêuticos que tenham tanto uma ação eficiente quanto um mínimo impacto na saúde humana e no meio ambiente. O objetivo desta pesquisa é estudar a influência de diversas combinações de produtos fitofarmacêuticos e diferentes manejos do selenito de sódio nos indicadores de rendimento e qualidade dos grãos do trigo de primavera da variedade Yubileinaya 80. Os estudos foram realizados conforme as condições da propagação vegetativa com trigo de primavera variedade Yubileinaya 80. Foram pesquisados dois métodos de utilização de selenito de sódio e agentes fitofarmacêuticos com diferentes especificidades de ação: fungicidas, herbicidas e inseticidas, aplicados em diferentes combinações e momentos. Como resultado destes estudos, a fitotoxicidade das preparações fitofarmacêuticas aqui estudadas foi revelada, aparentemente se manifestando como resultado da inibição dos parâmetros morfométricos do crescimento do sistema radicular e dos órgãos vegetativos das plantas de trigo, resultando em uma interrupção dos processos de alocação dos assimilados e transporte dos mesmos para os órgãos reprodutivos. Foram estabelecidas as combinações ideais de pesticidas e selenito de sódio, permitindo obter alterações confiáveis nos indicadores de rendimento e de qualidade do grão de trigo. Concluiu-se que a utilização do tratamento com selênio antes da semeadura contribuiu para a diminuição da fitotoxicidade dos agrotóxicos estudados, por estimular os processos de absorção e redistribuição do nitrogênio para os órgãos reprodutivos do trigo, gerando um efeito positivo não apenas para o rendimento e qualidade do trigo de primavera da variedade Yubileynaya 80, mas também para a microestrutura da superfície externa do epicarpo do grão. As características observadas do epicarpo permitem uma redução das perdas durante o processamento do grão e a obtenção de produtos processados de maior qualidade a partir deste grão. biológica 80 Atualmente ambiente fungicidas inseticidas momentos revelada Concluiuse Concluiu estudados 8