SUMMARY The box tree moth poses a threat to the Anatolian boxwood (Buxus sempervirens) which has significant economic and ecological value in Türkiye. This study aimed to determine the economic feasibility of pest control with solar-powered light-pheromone (SPLP) traps against the box tree moth in the Ağva Forest District of Şile Forest Enterprise, which is the only region in Türkiye with a management plan for boxwood shoot utilization. For the economic feasibility analysis, approaches including net present value, benefit-cost ratio, and the comparison of discounted finite cost of control with the capital value of infinite revenues were used. Considering the revenues of the Şile Forest Enterprise from the sale of the boxwood shoots in a finite period, it was found that pest control with the SPLP traps is not economical, producing a benefit-cost ratio of 0.371 with a net present value of -229,647.10 TL. In addition to the revenue of the enterprise, after taking into account regional income losses, water production value, and the benefits of other non-market ecosystem services provided by boxwood areas, the benefit-cost ratio increased to 2.688, and pest control became economically feasible. It was determined that the capital value of the infinite annual revenues from boxwood shoots was greater than the present value of the pest control costs against the box tree moth in a period.

RESUMEN La polilla del boj, representa una amenaza para el boj de Anatolia (Buxus sempervirens), que tiene un valor económico y ecológico significativo en Turquía. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la viabilidad económica del control de plagas con trampas de feromonas de luz alimentadas con energía solar (SPLP) contra la polilla del boj en el distrito forestal de Agva de Sile Forest Enterprise, que es la única región de Turquía con un plan de gestión para la utilización de los brotes de boj. En el análisis de viabilidad económica, se utilizaron enfoques que incluían el valor actual neto, la relación costo-beneficio y la comparación del costo finito de control descontado con el valor de capital de los ingresos infinitos. Considerando los ingresos de Sile Forest Enterprise por la venta de los brotes de boj en un período finito, se encontró que el control de plagas con las trampas SPLP no es económico, produciendo una relación costo-beneficio de 0,371 con un valor presente neto de -229.647,10 TL. Además de los ingresos de la empresa, considerando las pérdidas de ingresos regionales, el valor de la producción de agua y los beneficios de otros servicios ecosistémicos no comerciales proporcionados por las áreas de boj, la relación costo-beneficio aumentó a 2,688 y el control de plagas se volvió económicamente viable. Se determinó que el valor de capital de los ingresos anuales infinitos de la utilización de los brotes de boj era mayor que el valor actual de los costos de control de plagas contra la polilla del boj en un período.

Culicoides truuskae Labuschagne and Meiswinkel sp. n. is described and illustrated in both sexes from material collected in South Africa and Namibia. It is restricted to the xeric western margin of the subcontinent, occurring in Fynbos, Nama-Karoo and Succulent Karoo ecoregions in South Africa and Desert and Savanna ecoregions in Namibia experiencing < 600 mm of rainfall annually. Culicoides truuskae sp. n. is part of the Afrotropical 'plain-wing' Culicoides in which the wing lacks a distinguishing pattern of light and dark spots; the diagnostic dark smudge that traverses wing cell r3 may result in C. truuskae sp. n. being misidentified as the sympatric but phyletically unrelated Culicoides herero (Enderlein) - (of the Similis group, subgenus Oecacta Poey). Additionally, this study is the first description of the male of C. herero. C. truuskae sp. n. and Culicoides coarctatus Clastrier and Wirth share similar characters in the male genitalia, although the two species are separable on wing pattern and female flagellum sensilla coeloconica (SCo) distribution. The breeding habitat and adult female blood-feeding preferences of C. truuskae sp. n. are not known. A maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree, using mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) sequence data, is provided to further clarify the relationship between C. truuskae sp. n., C. coarctatus and C. herero. Extensive light trap data, collected over 30 years, are used to map the distribution ranges of C. truuskae sp. n., C. coarctatus and C. herero in Southern Africa. CONTRIBUTION: The description of this new species and the description of the male of C. herero increases our understanding of the diversity and distribution of Culicoides species in southern Africa.

The woodwasp, Sirex noctilio, is a global pest of pines. Although it is known to be attracted to light and possess sexually dimorphic body colouration, the visual ecology of S. noctilio is poorly understood. Photoreceptor sensitivity of the compound eyes in S. noctilio is not sexually dimorphic. These previous results suggest that colour tracking of one sex by the other might not be an important input for mate searching. This study aimed to expand our knowledge of the visual system of S. noctilio by means of i) morphological description of the compound eyes and ocelli; and ii) semi-field behavioural tests of the colour preference of newly emerged wasps. Eye and ocellus morphological features were investigated in 21 males and 21 females. Measurement of male and female median ocellus diameter, compound eye surface area, number of ommatidia and facet diameter varied from 0.22 to 0.40 mm, 0.589 to 2.277 mm², 1820 to 4207 and 1.88 × 10-2 to 2.82 × 10-2 mm, respectively. In addition, all traits significantly correlated with body size. Male and female wasps emerged from infested host material in a flight cage with five traps, each reflecting a different colour. Analysis of trap captures did not identify any colour preference, but an effect of trap location was observed with traps in the north-eastern position capturing more woodwasps, suggesting that other factors, e.g., global landmarks or other non-colour visual cues might guide initial flight behaviour of S. noctilio.

Abstract Areas planted with Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blake variety platyphylla F. Muell. (Myrtaceae) expand annually in most regions of Brazil. Many lepidopteran species defoliate this plant, but with damage varying per species. The objective of this study was to identify the pest status of lepidopteran defoliators based in the faunistic analysis of these insects and of their natural enemies on E. urophylla variety platyphylla plantations in a representative producing region of Brazil. Adult moths of lepidopterans and of their natural enemies were captured using a light trap, installed every two weeks, from September 2016 to August 2018. A total of 183, 10, three and 139 lepidopteran species was captured and classified as primary, secondary, without defined importance to eucalypt plants and non-identified with 1,419, seven, 465 and 876 individuals, respectively. Two primary pest species were constants, two accessories and six accidentals and all secondary ones were accidentals. Six primary pest species were common and dominant and four non-dominants. Faunistic indices indicated the main lepidopteran species that should be monitored in pest management programs. Seven hymenopteran species (65 individuals), three dipterans (49 individuals) and two hemipterans (four individuals) were the natural enemies collected using light traps. The monitoring of lepidopteran pests with light traps can contribute to the management and to reduce damage and control costs for these species, besides identifying natural enemies for biological control programs in Eucalyptus plantations.

Resumo Áreas plantadas com Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blake variedade platyphylla F. Muell. (Myrtaceae) se expandem anualmente na maioria das regiões do Brasil. Muitas espécies de lepidópteros desfolham esta planta, mas com danos que variam de acordo com a espécie. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar o status de praga de lepidópteros desfolhadores com base na análise faunística desses insetos e de seus inimigos naturais em plantios de E. urophylla variedade platyphylla em uma região produtora representativa do Brasil. As mariposas e seus inimigos naturais foram capturadas com armadilha luminosa, instalada quinzenalmente, de setembro de 2016 a agosto de 2018. Um total de 183, 10, três e 139 espécies de lepidópteros foram capturadas e classificadas como primária, secundária, sem importância definida para eucaliptocultura e não identificadas com 1419, sete, 465 e 876 indivíduos, respectivamente. Duas espécies de pragas primárias foram constantes, duas acessórias e seis acidentais e todas as secundárias foram acidentais. Seis espécies de pragas primárias foram comuns e dominantes e quatro não dominantes. Os índices faunísticos indicaram as principais espécies de lepidópteras que devem ser monitoradas em programas de manejo de pragas. Sete espécies de himenópteros (65 indivíduos), três dípteros (49 indivíduos) e dois hemípteros (quatro indivíduos) foram os inimigos naturais coletados com armadilha luminosa. O monitoramento de lepidópteros-praga com armadilha luminosa pode contribuir para o manejo e redução de danos e custos de controle para essas espécies, além de identificar inimigos naturais para programas de controle biológico em cultivos de eucalipto.

Resumen Objetivo: Presentar inventario de las especies del género Lutzomyia en 33 veredas, de seis municipios ubicados en el área de influencia de la Central Hidroeléctrica Sogamoso en el departamento de Santander durante 2016-2017. Metodología: Se realizó monitoreo entomológico no sistemático en área rural de los municipios de Betulia, Girón, Lebrija, Los Santos, San Vicente de Chucurí y Zapatoca. Para este se utilizaron (a) trampas de luz tipo CDC miniatura, entre las 18:00 a 6:00 horas; (b) trampa Shannon de 18:00 a 20:00 horas; (c) trampa BG-Sentinel por 24 horas (10 am a 10 am); (d) capturas con cebo humano protegido utilizando aspiradores manuales de 18:00 a 20:00 horas; (e) búsqueda activa en troncos de árboles, cuevas y paredes de viviendas entre las 8:00 a 11:00 horas. Las especies recolectadas se identificaron con la clave de Young y Duncan. Alcance: Se aporta una lista general de las especies para el departamento de Santander, además de dos registros nuevos para la zona de influencia de la Central Hidroeléctrica Sogamoso. Resultados: Se recolectaron 705 Lutzomyia, distribuidas en 21 especies, se destacaron por su abundancia e importancia algunas especies que son vectores de leishmaniasis cutánea, como: Lutzomyia gomezi, L. panamensis y L. ovallesi, y en leishmaniasis visceral predominó L. longipalpis. Se presentan dos nuevos reportes para Santander: L. sanguinaria y L. strictivilla. Conclusión: La presencia significativa de vectores implicados en la transmisión de leishmaniasis representa un riesgo para que se presente esta enfermedad en las poblaciones en el área de estudio.

Abstract Objective: To present an inventory of the species of the genus Lutzomyia in 33 rural districts of six municipalities located in the area of influence of the Sogamoso Hydroelectric Power Plant located in Santander during 2016-2017. Methodology: Non-systematic entomological monitoring was carried out in rural areas of the municipalities of Betulia, Giron, Lebrija, Los Santos, San Vicente de Chucuri, and Zapatoca. The following techniques were used for data collection: (a) miniature CDC-type light traps from 6:00 p.m. to 6: 00 a.m.; (b) Shannon trap from 6:00 p.m. to 8:00 p.m.; (c) BG-Sentinel trap for 24 hours (10 a.m. to 10 a.m.); (d) captures with protected human bait using manual vacuum cleaners between 6:00 p.m and 8:00 p.m.; (e) active search in tree trunks , caves and walls of houses between 8:00 a.m. and 11:00 a.m. The collected species were identified with the keys of Young and Duncan. Scope: A general list of species is provided for the department of Santander, as well as two new records for the area of influence of the Sogamoso Hydroelectric Power Plant. Results: A total of 705 Lutzomyia were collected, distributed in 21 species, and some that are vectors of cutaneous leishmaniasis stood out for their abundance and importance including: Lutzomyia gomezi, L. panamensis, and L. ovallesi, and L. longipalpis prevailed in visceral leishmaniasis. Two new reports are presented for Santander: L. sanguinaria and L. strictivilla. Conclusion: The significant presence of vectors involved in the transmission of leishmaniasis represents a risk for this disease to occur in the populations in the study area.

Abstract: In this study, the composition, distribution, and abundance of cumaceans collected in Isla Mujeres and Isla Contoy National Parks, Quintana Roo, Mexico, were evaluated. The specimens were collected with a scoop net (0.30 m wide by 0.48 m long and 330 µm mesh opening). The trawls were carried out on submerged vegetation in 10 m long transects parallel to the coastline. Additionally, at a station in Isla Mujeres, a white light trap with an intensity of 30 lm was used. The values of physicochemical parameters were measured in situ, which were within established by the official Mexican standard for uncontaminated waters; temperature (27.26 ± 0.64 °C); salinity (35.65 ± 0.21); dissolved oxygen (8.01 ± 0.88 mg L-1); total dissolved solids (22.82 ± 0.22 ppm); and pH (8.07 ± 0.15). Regarding the families Bodotriidae and Nannastacidae, a total of 7,590 specimens belonging to 5 genera and 18 species were identified. Cumella sp. “A” was the most abundant species with 5,364 specimens followed by Vaunthompsonia floridana with 1,391 specimens. Vaunthompsonia minor was recorded in 9 of the 11 sampling stations. The geographic distribution ranges of Cyclaspis mexicansis, Cumella achimae, C. bacescui, C. andri, C. caribbeana, C. croixensis, C. medeeae, and C. somersi were extended. The highest diversity and equitability occurred in Isla Mujeres (3.05 and 0.88 bits ind-1, respectively). The genus Vaunthompsonia was dominant in Isla Mujeres, while the genus Cumella was dominant in Isla Contoy.

Resumen: En este estudio se evaluó la composición, distribución y abundancia de cumáceos colectados en los Parques Nacionales Isla Mujeres e Isla Contoy, Quintana Roo, México. Los especímenes fueron recolectados con una red de cuchara (0,30 m de ancho por 0,48 m de largo y 330 µm de apertura de malla). Los arrastres se realizaron sobre vegetación sumergida en transectos de 10 m de largo paralelos a la línea de costa. Adicionalmente, en una estación de Isla Mujeres se utilizó una trampa de luz blanca con una intensidad de 30 lm. Se midieron los parámetros fisicoquímicos in situ, los cuales estuvieron dentro de los valores establecidos por la norma oficial mexicana para aguas no contaminadas; temperatura (27,26 ± 0,64 °C); salinidad (35,65 ± 0,21); oxígeno disuelto (8,01 ± 0,88 mg L-1); sólidos disueltos (22,82 ± 0,22 ppm); y pH (8,07 ± 0,15). En cuanto a las familias Bodotriidae y Nannastacidae, se identificaron un total de 7.590 ejemplares pertenecientes a 5 géneros y 18 especies. Cumella sp. “A” fue la especie más abundante con 5.364 ejemplares seguida de Vaunthompsonia floridana con 1.391 ejemplares. Se registró Vaunthompsonia minor en 9 de las 11 estaciones de muestreo. Se amplió el rango geográfico de distribución de Cyclaspis mexicansis, Cumella achimae, C. bacescui, C. andri, C. caribbeana, C. croixensis, C. medeeae y C. somersi. La mayor diversidad y equidad se presentó en Isla Mujeres (3,05 y 0,88 bits ind-1, respetivamente). El género Vaunthompsonia fue dominante en Isla Mujeres, mientras que el género Cumella fue dominante en Isla Contoy.

Resumen El género Eudevenopus incluye 4 especies válidas, son habitantes de aguas relativamente poco profundas en ambos lados de América. En este artículo se describe e ilustra una quinta especie, recolectada con una trampa de luz en Sisal, península de Yucatán. Eudevenopus winfieldi sp. nov. puede distinguirse de otras especies del género por el dactilo del pereópodo 7, que es tan largo como el própodo, el artejo 1 de la antena 1 del flagelo del macho con 2-4 estetes, un peine de 6 setas pectinadas distales en el margen posterodistal del carpo del gnatópodo 2, el pedúnculo del urópodo 3 tiene una sola seta intermedia robusta en el margen externo. También se proporcionan una clave de identificación y una tabla comparativa para contrastar la especie nueva con E. honduranus, que es la especie reconocida más cercana.

Abstract The genus Eudevenopus includes 4 valid species, inhabitants of relatively shallow waters in both sides of America. A fifth species, collected with a light trap in Sisal, Yucatán Peninsula is described and illustrated in this paper. Eudevenopus winfieldi n. sp. can be distinguished from other species in the genus by the pereopod 7 dactylus, which is as long as propodus, article 1 of flagellum antenna 1 of the male with 2-4 aesthetascs, a comb of 6 distal pectinate setae on the posterodistal margin of the carpus of gnathopod 2, and the uropod 3 peduncle, which has a simple robust intermediate seta on the external margin. An identification key and a comparative table are also provided to contrast the new species from E. honduranus, which is the closest recognised species.

Resumen En este estudio se presentan los resultados de un monitoreo de los escarabajos Aphodiinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) realizado con una trampa luminosa Pennsylvania-Minnesota con luz UV en el Centro Universitario Regional del Norte de la Universidad del Tolima en Armero Guayabal, Tolima, Colombia. Se recolectaron 21 especies/morfoespecies, cinco de ellas son nuevos registros en Colombia: Ataeniopsis regulus (Balthasar, 1947), Euparia mirabilis (Balthasar, 1945), Euparixia isthmia Gordon & McCleve, 2003, Lomanoxoides nigrolineatus (Hinton, 1938) y Saprositellus santaritae Stebnicka, 2003. Se obtuvieron registros adicionales en el país de estas especies a partir de la revisión de colecciones entomológicas colombianas. Estos nuevos registros aumentan la riqueza de Aphodiinae en el país a 61 especies y 25 géneros.

Abstract We present here the results of monitoring activities of the Aphodiinae beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) using a Pennsylvania-Minnesota light trap with UV light in the Centro Universitario Regional del Norte of the Universidad del Tolima, Armero Guayabal, Tolima, Colombia. A total of 21 species/morphospecies were collected, five of these are new records from Colombia: Ataeniopsis regulus (Balthasar, 1947), Euparia mirabilis (Balthasar, 1945), Euparixia isthmia Gordon & McCleve, 2003, Lomanoxoides nigrolineatus (Hinton, 1938), and Saprositellus santaritae Stebnicka, 2003. Additional records of these species for the country were obtained from the revision of Colombian entomological collections. These new records increase the Aphodiinae richness in the country up to 61 species and 25 genera.

Abstract: The abundance of early stages of the surf silverside Notocheirus hubbsi in nearshore waters of central Chile, collected in samplings set up to assess the lunar cycle during austral spring and summer is reported. A total of 19 specimens were collected with light traps, 16 larvae (7.89-16.20 mm SL) in austral spring and 3 juveniles (30.70-34.60 mm SL) in summer. Capture per unit effort (CPUE) varied from 0.33 to 2.00 ind. light trap-1 night-1 during the entire study period (September 2015-February 2016, and September 2016-February 2017). N. hubbsi catches recorded maximum abundance during the new moon and no catches during full moon.

RESUMO Objetivou-se neste estudo apresentar o projeto e os resultados de testes em campo de uma lâmpada de LEDs (light emitting diodes) para aplicação em manejo integrado de pragas (MIP) e outros estudos entomológicos. O espectro de luz dos LEDs foi otimizado para aumentar a atratividade de insetos da lâmpada e reduzir o consumo de energia. Um circuito eletrônico e um software de controle foram integrados à lâmpada, fazendo-a funcionar de modo autônomo, identificando noite e dia automaticamente, monitorando e controlando a carga da bateria com energia proveniente de um painel solar fotovoltaico, protegendo a bateria contra descarga profunda e apresentando ao usuário informações sobre o estado de funcionamento do sistema. Além disso, seu consumo de energia é cinco vezes menor, reduzindo o tamanho da bateria e do painel solar necessário para alimentar a lâmpada. Na safra de arroz irrigado de 2017/2018, a lâmpada de LEDs inteligente foi instalada em uma armadilha luminosa modelo “Sonne” e as capturas de insetos foram comparadas com aquelas obtidas em uma armadilha convencional equipada com a lâmpada fluorescente tradicional de 15 W do tipo luz negra. A armadilha “Sonne” capturou cerca de três vezes mais insetos que a armadilha convencional.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to present the design and field test results of an LED (light emitting diode) lamp for integrated pest management (IPM) and other entomological studies. The light spectrum of the LEDs was tuned to optimize insect attraction and lower energy consumption. An electronic circuit with control software was integrated with the lamp, enabling it to operate in standalone mode, automatically identify night and day, monitor and control the battery charge with energy from a photovoltaic solar panel, protect the battery against over-discharge, and provide feedback about the operating status of the system. Additionally, energy consumption is about five times lower than that of the fluorescent lamp, reducing the battery and solar panel size needed for its energy supply. In the 2017/2018 growing season, the smart LED lamp was installed in a Sonne light trap in an irrigated rice field, and the total number of insects captured was compared with the number collected in a conventional light trap fitted with a traditional 15 W black light fluorescent lamp. Total captures in the Sonne trap were approximately three times greater than in the conventional system.

Resumo: Mocis latipes (Guenée, 1852) (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) tem sido reconhecida como uma das principais espécies consumidoras de gramíneas em todo o continente americano. Durante os surtos, as lagartas são capazes de consumir completamente os hospedeiros preferenciais (gramíneas) e, quando os hospedeiros preferenciais são destruídos, podem mover-se para plantas adjacentes não gramíneas e causar danos semelhantes. Variáveis meteorológicas, como temperatura e umidade, são conhecidas por afetar o desenvolvimento e a abundância de suas populações. Este trabalho teve como objetivo descrever e comparar a distribuição espaço-temporal de M. latipes em diferentes localidades do Brasil e avaliar a influência de variáveis meteorológicas sobre suas variações temporais. Foram avaliados 12 locais, em cada ponto de coleta foram instaladas armadilhas luminosas próximas às áreas de cultivo. Para entender a influência das variáveis meteorológicas na abundância de M. latipes, os dados foram analisados pelo Modelo Linear Generalizado, empregando a regressão de Poisson. Uma regressão linear também foi utilizada para verificar a relação entre a abundância e a latitude. Um total de 1.985 mariposas foram coletadas. Os maiores números de indivíduos foram coletados nos biomas Amazônia e Cerrado. Os resultados mostram que a abundância de mariposas está inversamente relacionada ao aumento da latitude. A análise de regressão de Poisson indicou que as principais variáveis meteorológicas foram significativamente relacionadas à abundância em cada local. Este estudo mostra que devido à preferência por gramíneas em estado vegetativo e às altas exigências de temperatura (30°C), M. latipes é uma espécie importante em regiões quentes, especialmente nas épocas de maior umidade. Além disso, mesmo em latitudes elevadas, durante os meses de verão, as populações podem aumentar rapidamente, podendo causar danos econômicos.

Abstract: Mocis latipes (Guenée, 1852) (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) has been recognized as a major owlet caterpillar associated to the herbivory of gramineaceous plants across the American continent. During outbreaks, the caterpillars are capable of completely consuming preferred hosts (grasses) and, when these hosts are destroyed, they can move to adjacent non-grass plants and cause similar damage. Meteorological variable such as temperature and humidity are described as factors that affect the development and abundance of M. latipes. This paper aimed to describe and compare the spatial and temporal distribution of M. latipes in different locations in Brazil and to evaluate the influence of meteorological variables on the temporal range. A total of 12 locations were evaluated, in each collection point light traps were installed near cultivated areas. In order to understand the influence of meteorological variables on the abundance of M. latipes, the data were analyzed using a Generalized Linear Model according to Poisson regression. A linear regression was also used to verify the relation between the abundance and the latitude. A total of 1,985 moths were collected. The highest collections were in Amazon and Cerrado biomes. Results show that abundance was inversely related to increasing latitude and Poisson regression analysis indicated that the main meteorological variables were significantly related to abundance at each site. This study shows that due to the high preference for gramineas and the high temperature requirements (30°C), M. latipes is an important species in hot regions and regions with hight humidity. Furthurmore, even in higher latitudes, in subtropical areas, during summer months, populations can Rapidly growth being able to cause economic damages.

Resumo: Este trabalho teve como objetivo principal investigar como a abundância e a riqueza de mariposas Arctiinae variam temporalmente, ao longo do período noturno. Especificamente, analisamos as seguintes questões: (1) existe relação entre a abundância e a riqueza de Arctiinae e a umidade relativa do ar e a temperatura? (2) qual é o horário de atividade de cada espécie de mariposa? (3) a composição de espécies difere ao longo da noite? (4) é necessário amostrar esse grupo de mariposas ao longo de toda a noite para ter uma amostra representativa das espécies? Realizamos as amostragens no Parque Nacional das Emas (17°49’-18°28’S e 52°39’-53°10’W), Brasil. Selecionamos sete pontos amostrais em uma área de campo cerrado. Em cada ponto, coletamos as mariposas Arctiinae utilizando uma fonte luminosa (lâmpada UV de 15 W) refletida em um pano branco (2 x 3 m) estendido na vertical. Coletamos as mariposas durante sete noites consecutivas (uma noite por ponto, entre os dias 13 e 19 de dezembro de 2012, das 19:00 até as 07:00). Dividimos o período noturno em doze faixas de uma hora. Medimos a temperatura e a umidade relativa do ar com auxílio de um termohigrômetro digital. Amostramos 149 indivíduos pertencentes a 17 espécies de mariposas Arctiinae. A maioria das espécies (70,5%) esteve ativa apenas por uma ou duas horas durante a noite. As espécies diferiram em termos de horário de atividade. O horário das 20 h apresentou uma maior abundância (44 indivíduos), seguido do horário das 21 (38) e das 22 h (23). A riqueza também foi maior nas primeiras horas da noite. Somente a temperatura foi positivamente correlacionada com a abundância de mariposas. A riqueza de mariposas não foi influenciada nem pela temperatura nem pela umidade relativa do ar. As possíveis causas das diferenças em termos de horários de atividade são discutidas..

Abstract: The main goal of this work was to investigate how the abundance and richness of Arctiinae moths varies over time, during the night. Specifically, we analyzed the following questions: (1) Is there a relationship between Arctiinae abundance and richness with the temperature and relative humidity? (2) What are the hours of activity of each species of moth? (3) Does the species composition differ over night? (4) Is it necessary to sample this group of moths throughout the night to have a representative sample of the species? We sampled the moths in Emas National Park (17°49’-18°28’S and 52°39’-53°10’W), Brazil. We selected seven sampling points in an area of savanna. At each sampling point, we collected the Arctiinae moths with a light trap (with a 15-W black light fluorescent light bulb), reflected in a white cloth (2 x 3 m) extended vertically. We sampled the moths in seven consecutive nights (one night in each sampling point, from December 13 to December 19, 2012, from 7 p.m. until 7 a.m.). We divided the samplings in twelve periods over the night, with an hour each. At each period of time, we measured the temperature and the relative humidity with a digital termohygrometer. We sampled 149 individuals belonging to 17 species of Arctiinae moths. Most species (70.5%) were active only for one or two hours at night. The species differed in terms of time activity. The higher abundance occurred at 8 p. m. (44 individuals), followed by 38 individuals at 9 p. m. and 23 at 10 p. m. The species richness was also higher in the early hours of the night. The temperature was the only variable that showed a positive and significative relationship with the Arctiinae moth abundance. The species richness was not influenced neither by the temperature nor by the relative air humidity. The possible causes of the peak of abundance and species richness in specific hours of the night are discussed.

Abstract Artificial reefs (ARs) have been deployed on the inner shelf of Paraná, Southeast Brazil, as protection against destructive trawling activities, and to offer habitat for local fauna for recovery of biodiversity. The purpose of this study was to develop a preliminary characterization of the ichthyoplankton community associated with both artificial and natural reefs in the Currais Archipelago, and perform a comparison of fish larvae composition between ARs and nearby unconsolidated substrate. Two sampling methods were used, light traps and a plankton net. A total of 12 families and 14 species were identified, expanding the total species list in the area by eight species and three families. Differences among assemblages on ARs and unconsolidated substrate indicate that ARs seem to be effective attractors to fish larvae. Particular attention is drawn in regard to the "attractor effect" for exotic species that do not naturally reside in the area, such as Omobranchus punctatus. The large abundance of fish eggs on ARs suggests that these artificial structures can improve local production. These results are the first step needed to better define guidelines for sustainable use and management of ARs and Currais Archipelago, a Marine National Park.

Resumen Se realizaron estudios de la población del gorgojo acuático del arroz (Lissorhoptus venezolanus) empleando una trampa de luz ubicada en el Centro de Investigaciones Agrícolas del INIA en Calabozo estado Guárico; entre los años 2001 a 2017. Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron: Estudiar la fluctuación poblacional del insecto L. venezolanus, y la relación de la población con cinco factores climáticos, información aportada por la sección de Climatología del mismo Centro. En el cultivo de arroz la especie L. venezolanus es considerada como una plaga importante durante la época de lluvias, alcanzando picos poblacionales durante los meses de abril y mayo, consiguiéndose poblaciones durante todos los meses del año en el periodo del estudio. Así mismo, no se encontró significación estadística entre las poblaciones del insecto con las variables climáticas: temperaturas bajas, media, alta, evaporación y precipitación.

Abstract Population studies of insect, (Lissorhoptus venezolanus) were performed using a light trap located in the Centre of Agricultural Research INIA Calabozo, Guárico state, from 2001 to 2017. The objectives of this study were to study the population dynamics of the insect L. venezolanus and the ratio of the population with five climatic factors, information provided by the Climatology section of the same center. Rice cultivation in Calabozo presents the species L. venezolanus important pest during the winter, reaching population peaks during the months of April and May in the years of study. Statistical not significance between insect populations with low temperatures, high, evaporation and precipitation.

ABSTRACT Coleoptera order in Brazil presents 105 families with approximately 28,000 species. The life cycle and diversity of Coleoptera are strongly influenced by climate and vegetation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the seasonality and distribution of Coleoptera families in an area of the Cerrado in the Federal District (DF) of Brazil. The insects were collected monthly, between June 2015 and May 2016, using a light trap activated only in nights with a new moon, in an area of cerrado sensu stricto in Planaltina/DF, Brazil. The data were correlated with climatic variables. A total of 21,100 Coleoptera specimens belonging to 34 families were collected, with Melolonthidae (n = 11,075), Carabidae (n = 2,522), Scarabaeidae (n = 2,506), Bostrichidae (n = 1,196), and Chrysomelidae (n = 1,086) being the most abundant. Coleoptera were significantly more abundant in the first half of the rainy season. There was a significant and positive correlation between the abundance of Coleoptera and the climatic variables temperature and precipitation. The data presented in this study are related to an atypical year under the strong influence of the El Niño phenomenon, which may influence the abundance of Coleoptera. Circular analysis revealed that Coleoptera, and the most abundant families, presented seasonality throughout the year with a grouped distribution at the beginning of the rainy season (October to December). This study demonstrates that the richness and abundance of the Coleoptera order, in the Cerrado, is strongly influenced by the characteristic climatic seasons of the biome.