ABSTRACT Purpose: This study aimed to compare the safety and effectiveness of intraocular pressure reduction between micropulse transscleral cyclophotocoagulation and “slow cook” transscleral cyclophotocoagulation in patients with refractory primary open-angle glaucoma. Methods: We included patients with primary open angle glaucoma with at least 12 months of follow-up. We collected and analyzed data on the preoperative characteristics and postoperative outcomes. The primary outcomes were a reduction of ≥20% of the baseline value (criterion A) and/or intraocular pressure between 6 and 21 mmHg (criterion B). Results: We included 128 eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma. The preoperative mean intraocular pressure was 25.53 ± 6.40 and 35.02 ± 12.57 mmHg in the micropulse- and “slow cook” transscleral cyclophotocoagulation groups, respectively (p<0.001). The mean intraocular pressure was reduced significantly to 14.33 ± 3.40 and 15.37 ± 5.85 mmHg in the micropulse- and “slow cook” transscleral cyclophotocoagulation groups at the last follow-up, respectively (p=0.110). The mean intraocular pressure reduction at 12 months was 11.20 ± 11.46 and 19.65 ± 13.22 mmHg in the micropulse- and “slow cook” transscleral cyclophotocoagulation groups, respectively (p<0.001). The median preoperative logMAR visual acuity was 0.52 ± 0.69 and 1.75 ± 1.04 in the micropulse- and “slow cook” transscleral cyclophotocoagulation groups, respectively (p<0.001). The mean visual acuity variation was −0.10 ± 0.35 and −0.074 ± 0.16 in the micropulse- and “slow cook” transscleral cyclophotocoagulation, respectively (p=0.510). Preoperatively, the mean eye drops were 3.44 ± 1.38 and 2.89 ± 0.68 drugs in the micropulse- and “slow cook” transscleral cyclophotocoagulation groups, respectively (p=0.017), but those were 2.06 ± 1.42 and 1.02 ± 1.46 at the end of the study in the “slow cook” and micropulse transscleral cyclophotocoagulation groups, respectively (p<0.001). The success of criterion A was not significant between both groups. Compared with 11 eyes (17.74%) in the “slow cook” transscleral cyclophotocoagulation group, 19 eyes (28.78%) in the micropulse transscleral cyclophotocoagulation group showed complete success (p=0.171). For criterion B, 28 (42.42%) and 2 eyes (3.22%) showed complete success after micropulse- and “slow cook” transscleral cyclophotocoagulation, respectively (p<0.001). Conclusion: Both techniques reduced intraocular pressure effectively. Purpose slow cook openangle Methods 1 followup. followup follow up. up follow-up 20 ≥20 andor or B. B . B) Results 2553 25 53 25.5 640 40 6.4 3502 35 02 35.0 1257 57 12.5 p<0.001. p0001 p p<0.001 0 001 (p<0.001) 1433 14 33 14.3 340 3 3.4 1537 15 37 15.3 585 5 85 5.8 followup, up, p=0.110. p0110 p=0.110 110 (p=0.110) 1120 11.2 1146 46 11.4 1965 65 19.6 1322 13 22 13.2 052 52 0.5 069 69 0.6 175 75 1.7 104 04 1.0 010 10 −0.1 035 0.3 0074 074 −0.07 016 16 0.1 p=0.510. p0510 p=0.510 510 (p=0.510) Preoperatively 344 44 138 38 1.3 289 89 2.8 068 68 p=0.017, p0017 p=0.017 , 017 (p=0.017) 206 06 2.0 142 42 1.4 102 146 17.74% 1774 17 74 (17.74% 28.78% 2878 78 (28.78% p=0.171. p0171 p=0.171 171 (p=0.171) 42.42% 4242 (42.42% 3.22% 322 (3.22% Conclusion effectively ≥2 255 25. 64 4 6. 350 35. 125 12. p000 p<0.00 00 (p<0.001 143 14. 34 3. 153 15. 58 8 5. p011 p=0.11 (p=0.110 112 11. 114 196 19. 132 13. 05 0. 7 1. 01 −0. 03 007 07 −0.0 p051 p=0.51 51 (p=0.510 2. p001 p=0.01 (p=0.017 17.74 177 (17.74 28.78 287 (28.78 p017 p=0.17 (p=0.171 42.42 424 (42.42 3.22 32 (3.22 ≥ p00 p<0.0 (p<0.00 p01 p=0.1 (p=0.11 −0 p05 p=0.5 (p=0.51 p=0.0 (p=0.01 17.7 (17.7 28.7 (28.7 (p=0.17 42.4 (42.4 3.2 (3.2 p0 p<0. (p<0.0 p=0. (p=0.1 − (p=0.5 (p=0.0 17. (17. 28. (28. 42. (42. (3. p<0 (p<0. p=0 (p=0. (17 (28 (42 (3 p< (p<0 p= (p=0 (1 (2 (4 ( (p< (p= (p

ABSTRACT Purpose: Myopia, or nearsightedness, is one of the most common eye conditions worldwide. However, a comparison of the effectiveness of different laser-assisted interventions is lacking. Thus, we aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of LASIK and IntraLASIK in addressing myopia. Methods: The study was conducted in two ophthalmology clinics in Beijing, China, in 2022. A total of 84 patients (152 eyes) with different degrees of myopia were examined and underwent LASIK (n=46, 80 eyes) or IntraLASIK (n=38, 72 eyes). Keratometry, corneal topography, pachymetry, visual acuity evaluation, and corneal biomechanical analysis were performed before and after the intervention. Results: IntraLASIK produced more precise flaps than LASIK, with deviations of <8 mm and 0.1 mm from the intended thickness and diameter, respectively. LASIK resulted in nonuniform flaps, with thickness deviations of 5-86 mm. IntraLASIK demonstrated a superior efficacy for patients with severe myopia and thin corneas, with a mean spherical equivalent of 0.9 D at 6 months compared to the 1.4 D for LASIK. Approximately 91% and 83% of the patients with mild to moderate and severe myopia, respectively, achieved results within ± 0.49 D from the refractive target with IntraLASIK. Conclusions: Corneal hysteresis and corneal resistance factor decreased with an increase in laser intensity, and they decreased faster with thinner corneas. Thus, IntraLASIK is more useful than LASIK in patients with thin corneas and severe myopia. Purpose Myopia nearsightedness worldwide However laserassisted assisted lacking Thus Methods Beijing China 2022 8 152 (15 eyes n=46, n46 n 46 (n=46 n=38, n38 38 (n=38 7 eyes. . Keratometry topography pachymetry evaluation intervention Results < 01 0 1 0. diameter respectively 586 5 86 5-8 09 9 14 4 1. 91 83 049 49 0.4 Conclusions intensity 202 15 (1 n=46 n4 (n=4 n=38 n3 3 (n=3 58 5- 04 20 ( n=4 (n= n=3 2 n= (n

RESUMO Objetivos: Avaliar a segurança e eficácia a longo prazo da vitreólise com Nd:YAG laser para moscas volantes sintomáticas, uma vez que permanece como um procedimento controverso devido a falta de evidência científica robusta sobre a manutenção dos resultados e ocorrência de efeitos adversos. Métodos: Este estudo é uma extensão observacional de um ensaio clínico prospectivo, randomizado, duplo cego, previamente publicado. Oito de treze pacientes que foram submetidos a vitreólise com YAG laser foram acompanhados para uma reavaliação tardia, dezoito meses após o procedimento, para avaliar a eficácia e segurança do procedimento. Resultados: Todos os pacientes mantiveram a melhora na sintomatologia notada ao final do procedimento original, com 25% dos casos apresentando melhora completa, e uma proporção semelhante (37,5%) demonstrando melhora significativa ou parcial. A melhora objetiva na opacidade foi similar ao achado no seguimento original de 6 meses. O questionário de qualidade de vida NEI-VFQ 25 não demonstrou diferença estatisticamente significativa nas respostas entre o sexto e o décimo oitavo mês de acompanhamento. Nenhum efeito adverso foi notado no exame clínico ou reportado pelos pacientes. Conclusão: A eficácia da vitreólise observada ao sexto mês do acompanhamento foi mantida até o décimo oitavo mês, com todos os pacientes notando algum grau de melhora quando comparado ao estado pré procedimento. Nenhum efeito adverso tardio foi notado. Um ensaio clínico randomizado maior é necessário para confirmar a segurança do procedimento. Objetivos NdYAG Nd sintomáticas adversos Métodos prospectivo cego publicado tardia Resultados completa 37,5% 375 37 5 (37,5% parcial NEIVFQ NEI VFQ 2 Conclusão 37,5 3 (37,5 37, (37, (37 (3 (

ABSTRACT Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) vitreolysis for symptomatic vitreous floaters as it remains a controversial procedure due to insufficient robust evidence in the literature for the maintenance of the results and absence of adverse effects. Methods: This is an observational extension to the previously presented prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial. Eight of thirteen subjects who underwent vitreolysis with YAG laser returned for a late reevaluation, 18 months after the procedure, to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the procedure. Results: All patients maintained the improvement in symptomatology noted after the procedure, with 25% showing complete improvement and a similar proportion (37.5%) reporting significant or partial improvement. Objective improvement in opacity was similar to that found at 6 months follow-up. The NEI-VFQ 25 quality of life questionnaire showed no statistically significant difference in responses between the 6th and 18th month. No adverse effects were noted on clinical examination or reported by patients. Conclusion: Vitreolysis efficacy observed at 6 months of follow-up was maintained until the eighteenth month, with all patients reporting improvement from the pre-procedure state. No late adverse effects were noted. A larger randomized clinical trial is needed to confirm the safety of the procedure. Purpose longterm long term neodymiumdoped neodymium doped NdYAG Nd (Nd:YAG Methods prospective doubleblind double blind reevaluation 1 Results 37.5% 375 37 5 (37.5% followup. followup follow up. up NEIVFQ NEI VFQ 2 th month Conclusion preprocedure pre state 37.5 3 (37.5 37. (37. (37 (3 (

RESUMO Objetivo: Relatar um experimento projetado para determinar alterações anatômicas em córneas porcinas após a colocação de um novo implante de polímero na córnea. Métodos: Foi utilizado olho de porco ex vivo. Um novo agente modelador biocompatível, de colágeno tipo 1, com 6mm de diâmetro foi moldado com excimer laser em sua face posterior, para criar três formatos planocôncavos. Os implantes foram inseridos dentro de um bolsão, dissecado manualmente, a 200 micrômetros (μm). Foram definidos três grupos de tratamento: grupo A (n=3), teve a profundidade máxima de ablação de 70 μm; o grupo B (n=3), profundidade máxima de ablação de 64 μm; e o grupo C (n=3), profundidade máxima de ablação de 104 μm, com buraco central. O grupo controle, D (n=3), foi incluído, com a criação do bolsão estromal, porém sem inserir o material. A avaliação desses olhos foi realizada por tomografia de coerência óptica (OCT) e por tomografia corneana. Resultados: A tomografia corneana mostrou uma tendência para diminuição da ceratometria média em todos os 4 grupos. A tomografia de coerência óptica mostrou córneas com implantes localizados no estroma anterior e aplanamento visível, enquanto as córneas não mudaram qualitativamente o formato no grupo controle. Conclusões: O novo implante de biomaterial planocôncavo descrito aqui foi capaz de remodelar a córnea em modelo de animal ex vivo, resultando no aplanamento corneano. Novos estudos são necessários usando modelos animais in vivo para confirmar tais achados. Objetivo Métodos biocompatível 1 mm posterior planocôncavos manualmente 20 μm. μm . (μm) tratamento n=3, n3 n n=3 , 3 (n=3) 7 6 10 central controle incluído estromal material OCT (OCT Resultados visível Conclusões corneano achados 2 (μm n= (n=3 (n= (n

ABSTRACT Purpose: This study aimed to report an experiment designed to determine anatomical changes in porcine corneas following placement of a novel polymer implant into the cornea. Methods: An ex vivo porcine eye model was used. A novel type I collagen-based vitrigel implant (6 mm in diameter) was shaped with an excimer laser on the posterior surface to create three planoconcave shapes. Implants were inserted into a manually dissected stromal pocket at a depth of approximately 200 μm. Three treatment groups were defined: group A (n=3), maximal ablation depth 70 μm; Group B (n=3), maximal ablation depth 64 μm; and group C (n=3), maximal ablation depth 104 μm, with a central hole. A control group (D, n=3) was included, in which a stromal pocket was created but biomaterial was not inserted. Eyes were evaluated by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and corneal tomography. Results: Corneal tomography showed a trend for a decreased mean keratometry in all four groups. Optical coherence tomography showed corneas with implants placed within the anterior stroma and visible flattening, whereas the corneas in the control group did not qualitatively change shape. Conclusions: The novel planoconcave biomaterial implant described herein could reshape the cornea in an ex vivo model, resulting in the flattening of the cornea. Further studies are needed using in vivo animal models to confirm such findings. Purpose Methods used collagenbased collagen based 6 ( diameter shapes 20 μm defined n=3, n3 n n=3 , 3 (n=3) 7 10 hole D, D (D included OCT (OCT Results shape Conclusions findings 2 n= (n=3 1 (n= (n

ABSTRACT Introduction: The use of photobiostimulation in oral surgery as an accelerator of tissue healing has increased worldwide; however, scientific evidence is insufficient regarding the minimum energy needed to encourage healing of the dental alveolus. Objective: To determine the effect of photobiomodulation with different energy values on alveolar repair after tooth extraction in albino rats. Methods: Thirty-six female albino rats were randomly assigned to four groups: three with laser application at 2, 4 and 6 Joules of energy and one without laser application. Gallium-aluminum arsenide infrared lasers at 808 nm and 100 milliwatts were applied pointwise, perpendicularly and uniquely to the tooth socket. The maxillary bone was dissected and the samples were stained with hematoxylin eosin for subsequent analysis by osteoblast cell count at the level of the alveolar middle third. Results: Seven days after exposure, osteoblast formation was not observed in the control group, but was observed in the experimental groups with energy levels of 2, 4 and 6 Joules, which showed similar osteoblast cell formation. Only the 4 Joules group showed a greater number of osteoblasts than the control group without irradiation (p = 0.008). At 14 days, osteoblast formation was similar between groups, with no significant differences (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Photobiomodulation had a positive effect on alveolar bone healing in the different energy parameters evaluated. The use of lower energy is equally beneficial, modulates cellular response, induces osteoblastic proliferation and reduces bone repair time.

RESUMEN Introducción: El uso de la fotobioestimulación en la cirugía oral como acelerador de la cicatrización de tejidos se ha incrementado a nivel mundial; sin embargo, la evidencia científica es insuficiente respecto a la energía mínima necesaria para incentivar la cicatrización del alveolo dentario. Objetivo: Determinar el efecto de la fotobiomodulación con diferentes valores de energía sobre la reparación alveolar, posterior a la extracción dental en ratas albinas. Métodos: Treinta y seis ratas albinas hembras se asignaron de forma aleatoria a cuatro grupos: tres con aplicación de láser a 2, 4 y 6 Joules de energía y uno sin aplicación de láser. Se aplicó láser infrarrojo Arseniuro de Galio-Aluminio a 808 nm y 100 miliwatts de forma puntual, perpendicular y única al alveolo dentario. El hueso maxilar se diseccionó y las muestras se tiñeron con hematoxilina eosina para su posterior análisis por conteo celular de osteoblastos a nivel del tercio medio alveolar. Resultados: A los siete días después de la exposición no se observó formación de osteoblasto en el grupo control, pero sí en los grupos experimentales con niveles de energía de 2, 4 y 6 Joules, que mostraron formación de células osteoblásticas similares. Solo el grupo de 4 Joules presentó mayor número de osteoblastos que el grupo control sin irradiación (p = 0,008). A los 14 días la formación de osteoblastos fue similar entre los grupos, sin diferencias significativas (p > 0,05). Conclusiones: La fotobiomodulación tuvo efecto positivo sobre la cicatrización del hueso alveolar en los diferentes parámetros de energía evaluados. El uso de una menor energía es igual de beneficioso, modula la respuesta celular, induce la proliferación osteoblástica y reduce el tiempo de reparación ósea.

Lasers find extensive applications across a spectrum from academic research to industrial use. In various instances, understanding the intensity profile of laser light is of paramount importance, specifically how its intensity changes along its propagation path. In this study, we introduce an economical and alternative technique for determining the waist of a Gaussian laser beam, leveraging the capabilities of a Smartphone camera. Our methodology entails directing a CO2 laser onto a thermochromic liquid crystal sheet for specific exposure duration, resulting in a color pattern that evolves over time. This evolving pattern is captured by a Smartphone camera, and selected frames from the recording are processed and analyzed to quantify the beam’s waist, denoted as w ( z ). Our measurements are compared with those obtained through the traditional knife-edge method, demonstrating a substantial degree of agreement. Furthermore, by interpolating the waists calculated through our approach, we were able to ascertain the beam waist at the focus and the focal point of a converging lens, yielding results consistent with the reference method. Our findings underscore the viability of this approach as a cost-effective alternative for characterizing Gaussian beams, with potential applications in optics, laser technology, and studies related to light propagation. use instances importance path study camera CO duration time beams s . ) knifeedge knife edge method agreement Furthermore lens costeffective cost effective optics technology

RESUMO Objetivo: Comparar os parâmetros de câmara anterior obtidos através da tomografia de coerência óptica de segmento anterior antes e após a iridectomia periférica a laser. Métodos: Quatorze pacientes com fechamento angular primário e seis com glaucoma primário de ângulo fechado foram prospectivamente avaliados neste estudo. Gonioscopia e tomografia de coerência óptica de segmento anterior com DRI OCT Triton® foram realizadas antes e após a iridectomia periférica a laser. Os seguintes parâmetros de tomografia de coerência óptica de segmento anterior, baseados na localização do esporão escleral, foram avaliados: ângulo de abertura angular a 250 µm, 500 µm e 750 µm, área do espaço entre a íris e o trabeculado a 500 µm, ângulo entre a íris e o trabeculado, extensão do contato entre a íris e o trabeculado e curvatura da íris. Resultados: A tomografia de coerência óptica de segmento anterior identificou 61% dos indivíduos com dois ou mais quadrantes fechados. A gonioscopia identificou mais quadrantes com ângulo fechado do que tomografia de coerência óptica de segmento anterior antes da iridectomia periférica a laser. Quanto aos parâmetros angulares, apenas ângulo de abertura angular a 250 µm no quadrante nasal não aumentou significativamente após a iridectomia periférica a laser. A curvatura da íris e a extensão do contato entre a íris e o trabeculado apresentaram redução significativa induzida pelo procedimento a laser. Mesmo nos olhos em que a gonioscopia não identificou aumento da amplitude angular após iridectomia periférica a laser (n=7), ângulo de abertura angular a 750 µm aumentou (nasal: 0,15 ± 0,10 mm para 0,27 ± 0,16 mm, p=0,01; temporal: 0,14 ± 0,11 mm para 0,25 ± 0,12 mm, p=0,001), e ICURVE diminuiu (nasal: 0,25 ± 0,04 mm vs. 0,11 ± 0,07 mm, p=0,02; temporal: 0,25 ± 0,07 mm vs. 0,14 ± 0,08 mm, p=0,007). Conclusões: As alterações na câmara anterior induzidas pelo iridectomia periférica a laser puderam ser avaliadas quantitativamente e documentadas pelo DRI OCT Triton®. Objetivo Métodos estudo Triton escleral 25 50 75 Resultados 61 fechados angulares n=7, n7 n n=7 , 7 (n=7) (nasal 015 0 15 0,1 010 10 027 27 0,2 016 16 p=0,01 p001 p 01 temporal 014 14 011 11 025 012 12 p=0,001, p0001 p=0,001 001 p=0,001) 004 04 0,0 vs 007 07 p=0,02 p002 02 008 08 p=0,007. p0007 p=0,007 . p=0,007) Conclusões 2 5 6 n= (n=7 1 0, p=0,0 p00 p000 p=0,00 00 (n= p=0, p0 (n p=0 p=

ABSTRACT Purpose: This study aimed to compare an teriorchamber parameters acquired by a swept-source anteriorsegment optical coherence tomography before and after laser peripheral iridotomy. Methods: This study prospectively evaluated 14 patients with primary-angle closure and six patients with primary-angle closure glaucoma. Gonioscopy and anterior-segment optical coherence tomography using the DRI OCT Triton® were performed before and after laser peripheral iridotomy. Anterior-segment optical coherence tomography parameters were studied using scleral spur as reference: angle opening distance at 250, 500, and 750 µm, trabecular-iris space at 500 µm, trabecular-iris angle, trabecular-iris contact length, and iris curvature. Results: Anterior-segment optical coherence tomography identified 61% of the patients with two or more quadrants closed. Gonioscopy identified more closed angles than anterior-segment optical coherence tomography before laser peripheral iridotomy. In angle parameters, only the angle opening distance of 250 µm at the nasal quadrant was not significantly increased after laser peripheral iridotomy. The iris curvature and trabecular-iris contact length showed a significant reduction induced by the laser procedure. Even in eyes in which gonioscopy did not identify angular widening after laser peripheral iridotomy (n=7), the angle opening distance of 750 µm increased (nasal, 0.15 ± 0.10 mm to 0.27 ± 0.16 mm, p=0.01; temporal, 0.14 ± 0.11 mm to 0.25 ± 0.12 mm, p=0.001) and the iris curvature decreased (nasal, 0.25 ± 0.04 mm vs. 0.11 ± 0.07 mm, p=0.02; temporal, 0.25 ± 0.07 mm vs. 0.14 ± 0.08 mm, p=0.007). Conclusions: Anterior-chamber changes induced by laser peripheral iridotomy could be quantitatively evaluated and documented by DRI OCT Triton® Purpose sweptsource swept source Methods 1 primaryangle primary glaucoma anterior segment Triton Anteriorsegment Anterior reference 75 trabeculariris trabecular 50 Results 61 25 procedure n=7, n7 n n=7 , 7 (n=7) nasal, (nasal 015 0 15 0.1 010 10 027 27 0.2 016 16 p=0.01 p001 p 01 temporal 014 011 11 025 012 12 p=0.001 p0001 001 004 04 0.0 vs 007 07 p=0.02 p002 02 008 08 p=0.007. p0007 p=0.007 . p=0.007) Conclusions Anteriorchamber chamber 5 6 2 n= (n=7 0. p=0.0 p00 p=0.00 p000 00 (n= p=0. p0 (n p=0 p=

RESUMO A periodontite é uma condição clínica inflamatória causada por biofilme disbiótico que resulta em destruição progressiva da inserção periodontal e pode levar a perda do dente caso não seja tratada. Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia clínica do laser de diodo de alta potência como coadjuvante à instrumentação mecânica em bolsas periodontais de um paciente com periodontite, estádio III, grau C e generalizada. Métodos: Foram examinados 126 sítios de uma paciente, no Laboratório de Pesquisas Clínicas (LabClin) da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG) onde foram avaliados os parâmetros de profundidade de sondagem (PS), nível de inserção clínica (NIC) e sangramento à sondagem (SS) no início do estudo e após 3 e 6 meses da terapia básica. Todos os sítios receberam tratamento periodontal não cirúrgico o que corresponde a raspagem e alisamento coronorradicular (RACR) e polimento coronário. As bolsas periodontais profundas com PS ≥ 5 mm, receberam a terapia coadjuvante com luz laser de diodo. Resultados: Houve uma melhora significativa dos parâmetros periodontais de PS, NIC e SS em todos os sítios tratados. Nos que apresentavam PS ≥ 5 mm, os resultados foram similares, com redução estatisticamente significativa PS, PIC e SS antes e após a realização do tratamento. Após 6 meses, todas as bolsas periodontais com PS ≥ 5mm foram reduzidas a valores menores que 3. Conclusão: A irradiação de bolsas profundas, com laser de diodo de alta potência, mostrou-se eficaz como terapia coadjuvante à RACR em paciente com periodontite estádio III, grau C, generalizada. tratada Objetivo III generalizada Métodos 12 LabClin (LabClin UFCG (UFCG , (PS) (NIC (SS básica (RACR coronário mm Resultados tratados similares Conclusão mostrouse mostrou se 1 (PS

ABSTRACT Periodontitis is an inflammatory clinical condition caused by dysbiotic biofilm that results in progressive destruction of periodontal attachment and can lead to tooth loss if left untreated. Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of high-power diode laser as an adjunct to mechanical instrumentation in periodontal pockets of a patient with generalized, stage III, grade C periodontitis. Methods: 126 sites of a patient were examined at the Clinical Research Laboratory (LabClin) of the Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), where the parameters of probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL) and bleeding on probing (BoP) were evaluated at the beginning of the study and after 3 and 6 months of basic therapy. All sites received non-surgical periodontal treatment which corresponds to scaling and root planing (SRP) and coronary polishing. The deep periodontal pockets with PD ≥ 5 mm, received the adjuvant therapy with diode laser light. Results: There was a significant improvement of periodontal parameters of PD, CAL and BoP in all treated sites. In those with PD ≥ 5 mm, the results were similar, with statistically significant reduction of PD, CAL and BoP before and after treatment. After 6 months, all periodontal pockets with PD ≥ 5mm were reduced to values lower than 3. Conclusion: The irradiation of deep pockets with high-power diode laser proved to be effective as adjuvant therapy to SRP in patients with generalized, stage III, degree C periodontitis. untreated Objective highpower high power generalized III periodontitis Methods 12 LabClin (LabClin UFCG, UFCG , (UFCG) (PD) (CAL (BoP nonsurgical non surgical (SRP polishing mm light Results similar Conclusion 1 (UFCG (PD

RESUMO Objetivo: O objetivo desta pesquisa é avaliar se há efetividade do laser de alta potência no tratamento da pigmentação melânica gengival. Métodos: Esta pesquisa constitui-se de uma revisão integrativa realizada no período de setembro de 2021 a maio de 2022 buscando responder à seguinte pergunta: “Qual é a efetividade clínica do laser no tratamento da pigmentação melânica gengival?”. Os artigos foram analisados por duas pesquisadoras e as informações dos artigos foram coletadas com ênfase nos seguintes dados: autores, ano de publicação, objetivos do estudo, metodologia, resultados e conclusão. Resultados: Dos 16 artigos selecionados inicialmente, 08 foram excluídos, sendo 03 revisões da literatura, 04 relatórios de estágio e 1 trabalho de conclusão de curso. Desta forma, 08 artigos foram selecionados. Conclusão: Dentre diversos tipos de lasers e técnicas para sua utilização, o laser, especialmente o laser de diodo, foi a técnica mais utilizada e apresentou melhores resultados estéticos, menos dor, cicatrização mais rápida, preferência e satisfação dos pacientes após o tratamento. São necessários mais ensaios de controle randomizado de boa qualidade em diferentes técnicas usadas atualmente para gerar conclusões com alta evidência cientifica. Objetivo gengival Métodos constituise constitui 202 pergunta Qual . gengival?” dados autores publicação estudo metodologia Resultados inicialmente 0 excluídos literatura curso forma Conclusão utilização diodo estéticos dor rápida cientifica 20 gengival? 2

ABSTRACT Objective: To perform an integrative literature review about effectiveness of high-power laser in the treatment of gingival melanin pigmentation. Methods: This research consists of an integrative review conducted from September 2021 to May 2022 seeking to answer the following question: “What is the clinical effectiveness of laser in the treatment of gingival melanin pigmentation?”. The articles were analyzed by two researchers and the information about these was collected with emphasis on the following data: authors, year of publication, study objectives, methodology, results and conclusion. Results: Of the 16 articles initially selected, 08 were excluded (3 literature reviews, 4 internship reports and 1 monography). Thus, 8 articles were selected. Conclusion: Among several types of lasers and techniques for its use, laser, especially diode laser, was the most used technique and presented better aesthetic results, less pain, faster healing, preference and patient satisfaction after treatment. More good quality randomized control trials are needed in different techniques currently used to generate conclusions with high scientific evidence. Objective highpower power pigmentation Methods 202 question What . pigmentation?” data authors publication objectives methodology conclusion Results selected 0 3 ( reviews monography. monography monography) Thus Conclusion use pain healing evidence 20 pigmentation? 2

ABSTRACT We present a case of a patient complaining of monocular diplopia due to a decentered ablation after LASIK. The patient underwent a wavefront-guided retreatment, which resulted in an epithelial ingrowth complication. Additionally, the patient developed cataract, with cataract surgery requiring reliable biometric measurements. Therefore, we opted for corneal treatment and corneal surface regularization. Although we attempted to lift the flap and wash the interface initially, the procedure proved unsuccessful, thereby necessitating immediate flap amputation. Once the corneal surface was regularized in the seventh postoperative month, transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy was successfully performed to homogenize the ocular surface, thereby significantly improving the patient’s corrected visual acuity and resolving monocular diplopia. The surface and corneal curvature stabilized by the fifth month after the procedure. Phacoemulsification was then performed along with the implantation of a toric monofocal lens, which was selected using an appropriate formula, resulting in an excellent uncorrected visual acuity. LASIK wavefrontguided wavefront guided retreatment complication Additionally measurements Therefore regularization initially unsuccessful amputation patients s lens formula

ABSTRACT Purpose: The purpose of this study is to assess the long-term outcomes of modified transcanalicular diode laser dacryocystorhinostomy in a large cohort of patients affected by primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Methods: This study, conducted from January 17 to June 2022, encompassed 141 patients (159 procedures) who underwent modified transcanalicular diode laser dacryocystorhinostomy (MT-DCR). The procedure employed an 810-nm diode laser. Patients were monitored for at least a year after the intervention. Anatomical success was determined by ostium patency upon irrigation, while functional success referred to epiphora resolution. Parameters studied included patient demographics, procedure duration, complications, and both anatomical and functional success. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software, with results considered significant at a 95% confidence interval (p≤0.05). Results: A total of 159 lacrimal drainage systems (141 patients: 112 women and 29 men) were included in this study. Among them, 18 underwent bilateral procedures. The average patient age was 58 years (range: 34-91 years), and the average surgical duration was 24 minutes (range: 18-35 minutes). One year after the surgery, MT-DCR exhibited anatomical and functional success rates of 84.9% (135/159) and 83% (132/159), respectively. Conclusion: MT-DCR achieved an anatomical success rate of 84.9%, reflecting an excellent outcome. However, further extensive studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up periods are necessary to substantiate these findings. Purpose longterm long term obstruction Methods 1 2022 14 (15 procedures MTDCR. MTDCR MT DCR . (MT-DCR) 810nm nm 810 intervention irrigation resolution demographics complications software 95 p≤0.05. p005 p p≤0.05 0 05 (p≤0.05) Results 15 (14 11 2 men them 5 range (range 3491 34 91 34-9 years, , years) 1835 35 18-3 minutes. minutes) surgery 849 84 9 84.9 135/159 135159 135 (135/159 83 132/159, 132159 132/159 132 (132/159) respectively Conclusion outcome However followup follow up findings 202 (1 (MT-DCR 81 p00 p≤0.0 (p≤0.05 349 3 34- 183 18- 8 84. 135/15 13515 13 (135/15 13215 132/15 (132/159 20 ( p0 p≤0. (p≤0.0 135/1 1351 (135/1 1321 132/1 (132/15 p≤0 (p≤0. 135/ (135/ 132/ (132/1 p≤ (p≤0 (135 (132/ (p≤ (13 (132 (p

Abstract This paper presents a numerical study and the optimization of very short discrete multi-pump Raman amplifiers using Tellurite-based optical fibers. While most studies about discrete Raman amplifiers usually focus on cases where hundreds of meters of fiber are used, here we consider a multi-pumped Raman amplifier setup with extremely short dimensions, in which the length of the gain media was varied from 2.5 to 30 meters. The optimization process was developed over an broad amplification band from 1520 to 1600 nm, considering a maximum acceptable ripple of 3 dB, and using 2, 3 and 4 pumps with individual powers always below 2.5 W. The results show that it is possible to achieve net gains as high as 10 dB for gain media around 20 meters, and close to 15 dB for 30 meters. These high gains highlight the fact that Tellurite-based optical fibers can be used for the construction of very short and compact broadband amplifiers using just a few pump lasers with modest optical powers. multipump multi Telluritebased Tellurite based multipumped pumped dimensions 25 2 5 2. 152 160 nm W 1 16

Abstract Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is an adjuvant treatment to scaling and root planing (SRP) which improves periodontal health. It may be beneficial to patients with systemic diseases, such as type 1 diabetes mellitus. Objective This randomized clinical trial evaluated the adjunctive effect of aPDT on the periodontal treatment of patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Methodology 38 patients were included in the study and divided into four groups: DSRP – T1D patients treated with SRP; CSRP – normoglycemic patients treated with SRP; DPDT – T1D patients treated with SRP + aPDT (methylene blue and red laser); CPDT – normoglycemic patients treated with SRP + aPDT. , Periodontal clinical parameters and inflammatory cytokines in crevicular fluid were recorded at baseline and then after 1, 3 and 6 months. The clinical endpoint for treatment was evaluated after 6 months. Results Adjuvant aPDT treatment resulted in reduction of probing depth after 3 months (0.38 mm - p<0.05) on T1D patients and in control group after 6 months (0.66 mm - p<0.05). Reduction of clinical attachment levels was similar for both treatments in control patients (p>0.05). There was a significant reduction of TNF-α in crevicular fluid in both groups treated with aPDT (p<0.05). The T1D (65%) and normoglycemic (72%) groups achieved the clinical endpoint after both treatments (p>0.05). Conclusions Adjuvant aPDT provided additional benefits in improving periodontal clinical parameters and reducing inflammatory cytokines in both T1D and normoglycemic patients. However, normoglycemic patients showed greater clinical improvements compared to T1D patients following adjuvant aPDT treatment. (aPDT (SRP health diseases mellitus T1D. TD . T D (T1D) methylene laser laser) 0.38 038 0 (0.3 p<0.05 p005 p 05 0.66 066 66 (0.6 p<0.05. p>0.05. p>0.05 (p>0.05) TNFα TNF α (p<0.05) 65% 65 (65% 72% 72 (72% However (T1D 0.3 03 (0. p<0.0 p00 0.6 06 p>0.0 (p>0.05 (p<0.05 (65 7 (72 0. (0 p<0. p0 p>0. (p>0.0 (p<0.0 (6 (7 ( p<0 p>0 (p>0. (p<0. p< p> (p>0 (p<0 (p> (p< (p

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the influence of the Er,Cr:YSGG irradiation and 980-nm diode lasers on the surface roughness (SR) and volume loss (VL) of dentin subjected to cariogenic challenge. Subsequently, 130 specimens of bovine dentin were divided into the following 13 groups: NT: no treatment; FG: fluoride gel; FV: fluoride varnish; Di: 980-nm diode; Di + FG; Di + FV; FG + D; FV + Di; Er: Er,Cr:YSGG; Er + FG; Er + FV; FG + Er and FV + Er. Er,Cr:YSGG laser parameters were as follows: 0.25 W; 5.0 Hz; 4.46 J/cm2 without water and 55% air. Furthermore, the 980-nm diode laser parameters were 2.0 W; 2.0 Hz; 21.41 J/cm2. The samples from each group were subjected to pH cycling. A confocal laser scanning microscope was used to evaluate SR and VL. Difference between the volume of the reference and treated areas + DES/RE was used to determine SR and VL. The mean values of the different groups were subjected to analysis of variance and Tukey’s post-hoc test. The VL values were analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis and Dunn post-hoc test (p < 0.05). The SR of the reference area did not show a statistically significant 1807-3107-bor-38-e025treatment and cariogenic challenge (p > 0.05). Moreover, VL in the FV + Di and FV + Er groups showed a statistically significant difference compared with areas submitted to different types of treatment and cariogenic challenge (p > 0.05). Er,Cr:YSGG and 980-nm diode lasers associated with fluoride varnishes decreased dentin VL in bovine teeth submitted to cariogenic challenge. Er,CrYSGG ErCrYSGG Er,Cr YSGG Cr 980nm nm 980 (SR (VL Subsequently 1 NT gel varnish D follows 025 0 25 0.2 W 50 5 5. Hz 446 4 46 4.4 Jcm2 Jcm J cm2 cm J/cm 55 air Furthermore 20 2 2. 2141 21 41 21.4 cycling DESRE DES RE Tukeys Tukey s posthoc post hoc KruskalWallis Kruskal Wallis p 0.05. 005 0.05 . 05 0.05) 18073107bor38e025treatment boretreatment 1807 3107 bor 38 e025treatment e Moreover CrYSGG ErCr 98 02 0. 44 4. 214 21. 00 0.0 180 310 3 etreatment 9 18 31

ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate collagen fibers during the bone repair process in critical defects created in the tibias of rats, treated with zoledronic acid (AZ) associated with low-level laser therapy (LLLT). Methods: Ten rats were distributed according to treatment: group 1) saline solution; group 2) LLLT; group 3) AZ; group 4) AZ and LLLT. AZ was administered at the dose of 0.035 mg/kg at fortnightly intervals over eight weeks. Next, 2-mm bone defects were created in the tibias of all animals. The bone defects in groups 2 and 4 were irradiated LLLT in the immediate postoperative period. After periods 14 and 28 of application, the animals were euthanized, and birefringence analysis was performed. Results: Approximately 90% of the total area was occupied by collagen fibers within the red color spectrum, this area being statistically larger in relation to the area occupied by collagen fibers within the green and yellow spectrum, in the four groups. Over the 14-day period, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups. In the 28-day period, group 2 (14.02 ± 15.9%) was superior in quantifying green birefringent fibers compared to group 1 (3.06 ± 3.24%), with p = 0.009. Conclusions: LLLT associated with ZA is effective in stimulating the neoformation of collagen fibers. The LLLT group without the association with ZA showed a greater amount of immature and less organized matrix over a period of 28 days. Purpose (AZ lowlevel low level . (LLLT) Methods treatment solution 3 0035 0 035 0.03 mgkg mg kg weeks Next 2mm mm application euthanized performed Results 90 spectrum 14day day 28day 14.02 1402 02 (14.0 15.9% 159 15 9 3.06 306 06 (3.0 3.24%, 324 3.24% , 24 3.24%) 0009 009 0.009 Conclusions days (LLLT 003 03 0.0 14.0 140 (14. 15.9 3.0 30 (3. 32 3.24 000 00 0.00 0. 14. (14 15. 3. (3 3.2 (1 (