ABSTRACT Purpose: Myopia, or nearsightedness, is one of the most common eye conditions worldwide. However, a comparison of the effectiveness of different laser-assisted interventions is lacking. Thus, we aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of LASIK and IntraLASIK in addressing myopia. Methods: The study was conducted in two ophthalmology clinics in Beijing, China, in 2022. A total of 84 patients (152 eyes) with different degrees of myopia were examined and underwent LASIK (n=46, 80 eyes) or IntraLASIK (n=38, 72 eyes). Keratometry, corneal topography, pachymetry, visual acuity evaluation, and corneal biomechanical analysis were performed before and after the intervention. Results: IntraLASIK produced more precise flaps than LASIK, with deviations of <8 mm and 0.1 mm from the intended thickness and diameter, respectively. LASIK resulted in nonuniform flaps, with thickness deviations of 5-86 mm. IntraLASIK demonstrated a superior efficacy for patients with severe myopia and thin corneas, with a mean spherical equivalent of 0.9 D at 6 months compared to the 1.4 D for LASIK. Approximately 91% and 83% of the patients with mild to moderate and severe myopia, respectively, achieved results within ± 0.49 D from the refractive target with IntraLASIK. Conclusions: Corneal hysteresis and corneal resistance factor decreased with an increase in laser intensity, and they decreased faster with thinner corneas. Thus, IntraLASIK is more useful than LASIK in patients with thin corneas and severe myopia. Purpose Myopia nearsightedness worldwide However laserassisted assisted lacking Thus Methods Beijing China 2022 8 152 (15 eyes n=46, n46 n 46 (n=46 n=38, n38 38 (n=38 7 eyes. . Keratometry topography pachymetry evaluation intervention Results < 01 0 1 0. diameter respectively 586 5 86 5-8 09 9 14 4 1. 91 83 049 49 0.4 Conclusions intensity 202 15 (1 n=46 n4 (n=4 n=38 n3 3 (n=3 58 5- 04 20 ( n=4 (n= n=3 2 n= (n

ABSTRACT Deformation intensity analysis for mechanical parts are very important data for machine design. For farm machines, these parameters present difficulties for determination due to its particularities. The Machinery industry searches for advanced technologies to determine the mechanical behavior of parts. This article shows the analysis of the reliability in the application of the laser triangulation technique (LTT) to determine the deformation of the mechanical elements of farm machines. A flat cutting disc with standardized dimension was selected as the object of study, as it is commonly used in farm machines, exhibiting a simple geometry made of steel, making the analysis procedure easier both for experimental execution and for data validation. Displacements of 1.0 mm to 10 mm were applied on the specimen. The theoretical behavior of specimen displacement was defined by finite element modelling with same condition of loading and dimension to compare the generated data by the experimental tests. Results indicated a displacement with maximum variation of 2.56% between experimental data and theoretical results and were considered satisfactory. LTT was able to determine deformation curve behavior of machine elements. It was concluded that Laser Triangulation Technique (LTT) was satisfactory to determine the deformation of a specimen. design machines particularities (LTT study steel validation 1 0 1. tests 256 2 56 2.56 25 5 2.5 2.

ABSTRACT Purpose: This study aimed to compare the safety and effectiveness of intraocular pressure reduction between micropulse transscleral cyclophotocoagulation and “slow cook” transscleral cyclophotocoagulation in patients with refractory primary open-angle glaucoma. Methods: We included patients with primary open angle glaucoma with at least 12 months of follow-up. We collected and analyzed data on the preoperative characteristics and postoperative outcomes. The primary outcomes were a reduction of ≥20% of the baseline value (criterion A) and/or intraocular pressure between 6 and 21 mmHg (criterion B). Results: We included 128 eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma. The preoperative mean intraocular pressure was 25.53 ± 6.40 and 35.02 ± 12.57 mmHg in the micropulse- and “slow cook” transscleral cyclophotocoagulation groups, respectively (p<0.001). The mean intraocular pressure was reduced significantly to 14.33 ± 3.40 and 15.37 ± 5.85 mmHg in the micropulse- and “slow cook” transscleral cyclophotocoagulation groups at the last follow-up, respectively (p=0.110). The mean intraocular pressure reduction at 12 months was 11.20 ± 11.46 and 19.65 ± 13.22 mmHg in the micropulse- and “slow cook” transscleral cyclophotocoagulation groups, respectively (p<0.001). The median preoperative logMAR visual acuity was 0.52 ± 0.69 and 1.75 ± 1.04 in the micropulse- and “slow cook” transscleral cyclophotocoagulation groups, respectively (p<0.001). The mean visual acuity variation was −0.10 ± 0.35 and −0.074 ± 0.16 in the micropulse- and “slow cook” transscleral cyclophotocoagulation, respectively (p=0.510). Preoperatively, the mean eye drops were 3.44 ± 1.38 and 2.89 ± 0.68 drugs in the micropulse- and “slow cook” transscleral cyclophotocoagulation groups, respectively (p=0.017), but those were 2.06 ± 1.42 and 1.02 ± 1.46 at the end of the study in the “slow cook” and micropulse transscleral cyclophotocoagulation groups, respectively (p<0.001). The success of criterion A was not significant between both groups. Compared with 11 eyes (17.74%) in the “slow cook” transscleral cyclophotocoagulation group, 19 eyes (28.78%) in the micropulse transscleral cyclophotocoagulation group showed complete success (p=0.171). For criterion B, 28 (42.42%) and 2 eyes (3.22%) showed complete success after micropulse- and “slow cook” transscleral cyclophotocoagulation, respectively (p<0.001). Conclusion: Both techniques reduced intraocular pressure effectively. Purpose slow cook openangle Methods 1 followup. followup follow up. up follow-up 20 ≥20 andor or B. B . B) Results 2553 25 53 25.5 640 40 6.4 3502 35 02 35.0 1257 57 12.5 p<0.001. p0001 p p<0.001 0 001 (p<0.001) 1433 14 33 14.3 340 3 3.4 1537 15 37 15.3 585 5 85 5.8 followup, up, p=0.110. p0110 p=0.110 110 (p=0.110) 1120 11.2 1146 46 11.4 1965 65 19.6 1322 13 22 13.2 052 52 0.5 069 69 0.6 175 75 1.7 104 04 1.0 010 10 −0.1 035 0.3 0074 074 −0.07 016 16 0.1 p=0.510. p0510 p=0.510 510 (p=0.510) Preoperatively 344 44 138 38 1.3 289 89 2.8 068 68 p=0.017, p0017 p=0.017 , 017 (p=0.017) 206 06 2.0 142 42 1.4 102 146 17.74% 1774 17 74 (17.74% 28.78% 2878 78 (28.78% p=0.171. p0171 p=0.171 171 (p=0.171) 42.42% 4242 (42.42% 3.22% 322 (3.22% Conclusion effectively ≥2 255 25. 64 4 6. 350 35. 125 12. p000 p<0.00 00 (p<0.001 143 14. 34 3. 153 15. 58 8 5. p011 p=0.11 (p=0.110 112 11. 114 196 19. 132 13. 05 0. 7 1. 01 −0. 03 007 07 −0.0 p051 p=0.51 51 (p=0.510 2. p001 p=0.01 (p=0.017 17.74 177 (17.74 28.78 287 (28.78 p017 p=0.17 (p=0.171 42.42 424 (42.42 3.22 32 (3.22 ≥ p00 p<0.0 (p<0.00 p01 p=0.1 (p=0.11 −0 p05 p=0.5 (p=0.51 p=0.0 (p=0.01 17.7 (17.7 28.7 (28.7 (p=0.17 42.4 (42.4 3.2 (3.2 p0 p<0. (p<0.0 p=0. (p=0.1 − (p=0.5 (p=0.0 17. (17. 28. (28. 42. (42. (3. p<0 (p<0. p=0 (p=0. (17 (28 (42 (3 p< (p<0 p= (p=0 (1 (2 (4 ( (p< (p= (p

Hair can provide chemical information about drug use. This study employed matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) to detect drugs in hair samples. The technique was used to detect cocaine (COC, molecular weight (Mw) = 303.14 Da) and its main metabolites, benzoylecgonine (BZE, Mw = 289.13 Da), cocaethylene (COCE, Mw = 317.16 Da) and ecgonine methyl ester (EME, Mw = 199.12 Da) in hair strands using 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB, 7.0 mg mL-1) and α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA, at concentrations of 1.5, 3.0, 7.0, and 10 mg mL-1) as the evaluated matrices. Among these, CHCA was selected. Subsequently, the qualitative results obtained by MALDI(+) MS were correlated with the quantitative analyses of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), demonstrating a significant correlation in responses (70%), with the detection of analytes by MALDI(+) MS even at low concentrations, determined by GC-MS. The concentration ranges obtained by GC MS analysis were from 0.6 to 4.1 ng mg-1 of COC, and from 0.05 to 0.4 ng mg-1 of COCE. The effect of pre-washing on the detection of COC and its metabolites was also evaluated, and the results indicated less influence from the pre-washing stage and confirmed the reduction in COC detection in hair exposed to bleaching. use matrixassisted matrix assisted MALDIMS MALDI (MALDI-MS samples (COC (Mw 30314 303 14 303.1 Da BZE, BZE (BZE 28913 289 13 289.1 Da, , COCE, COCE (COCE 31716 317 16 317.1 EME, EME (EME 19912 199 12 199.1 2,5dihydroxybenzoic 25dihydroxybenzoic dihydroxybenzoic 2,5 2 5 DHB, DHB (DHB 70 7 0 7. mL1 mL 1 mL-1 αcyano4hydroxycinnamic αcyanohydroxycinnamic α cyano 4 hydroxycinnamic CHCA, (CHCA 15 1.5 30 3 3.0 matrices these selected Subsequently MALDI+ + MALDI(+ chromatographymass chromatography GCMS, GCMS (GC-MS) 70%, 70% (70%) GCMS. MS. GC-MS 06 6 0. 41 4. mg1 mg- 005 05 0.0 04 prewashing pre washing bleaching 3031 303. 2891 28 289. 3171 31 317. 1991 19 199. 5dihydroxybenzoic 25 2, mL- αcyano 1. 3. MALDI( (GC-MS (70% 00 (70 (7 (

Abstract Hailey-Hailey disease is a rare genodermatosis described in 1939, with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern, characterized by compromised adhesion between epidermal keratinocytes. It has an estimated prevalence of 1/50,000, with no gender or race predilection. It results from a heterozygous mutation in the ATP2C1 gene, which encodes the transmembrane protein hSPA1C, present in all tissues, with preferential expression in keratinocytes. Mutations in the ATP2C1 gene cause changes in the synthesis of junctional proteins, leading to acantholysis. It usually begins in adulthood, with isolated cases at the extremes of life. It manifests as vesico-bullous lesions mainly in the flexural areas, which develop into erosions and crusts. Chronic lesions may form vegetative or verrucous plaques. Pruritus, a burning feeling and pain are common. It evolves with periods of remission and exacerbation, generally triggered by humidity, friction, heat, trauma and secondary infections. The diagnosis is based on clinical and histopathological criteria: marked suprabasal acantholysis, loosely joined keratinocytes, giving the appearance of a “dilapidated brick wall”, with a few dyskeratotic cells. The acantholysis affects the epidermis and spares the adnexal epithelia, which helps in the differential diagnosis with pemphigus vulgaris. Direct immunofluorescence is negative. The main differential diagnoses are Darier disease, pemphigus vegetans, intertrigo, contact dermatitis, and inverse psoriasis. There is no cure and the treatment is challenging, including measures to control heat, sweat and friction, topical medications (corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors, antibiotics), systemic medications (antibiotics, corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, retinoids and immunobiologicals) and procedures such as botulinum toxin, laser and surgery. There is a lack of controlled clinical trials to support the choice of the best treatment. HaileyHailey Hailey 1939 pattern keratinocytes 150000 1 50 000 1/50,000 predilection ATPC ATP C ATP2C hSPA1C hSPAC hSPA tissues proteins adulthood life vesicobullous vesico bullous areas crusts plaques Pruritus common exacerbation humidity friction heat infections criteria dilapidated wall, wall , wall” cells epithelia vulgaris negative vegetans intertrigo dermatitis psoriasis challenging corticosteroids (corticosteroids inhibitors antibiotics, antibiotics antibiotics) (antibiotics immunosuppressants immunobiologicals toxin surgery 193 15000 5 00 1/50,00 19 1500 0 1/50,0 150 1/50, 15 1/50 1/5 1/

Abstract Neuroendocrine carcinomas (NEC) are rare and heterogeneous tumours in the Head and Neck (HN), especially in the larynx, representing less than 1% of primary tumours. They are classified into different grades according to cellular differentiation. Treatment is multidisciplinary and includes chemotherapy, surgery, and radiotherapy. We describe the case of a 73-year-old patient with progressive dysphonia and laryngeal lesion. Histological biopsy of the lesion confirmed small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (SNEC). The patient was staged as T3N0M0 and underwent concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Due to acute airway obstruction, she underwent CO2 laser surgery. Following treatment with radiotherapy (total dose of 70Gy) and chemotherapy with carboplatin and etoposide, the patient was in good overall condition with no treatment-related complaints. Treatment of SNEC generally involves a multidisciplinary approach; however, the recurrence rate is high, highlighting the need for rigorous monitoring for early intervention, as well as long-term follow-up to assess treatment efficacy and patient survival. In conclusion, this case represents a rare entity, diagnosed in an early stage in which a radical treatment was possible thanks to a multidisciplinar approach, with no major intercurrence, and with no evidence of relapse until the present moment.

Resumo Os Carcinomas neuroendócrinos (CNE) são tumores raros e heterogéneos em Cabeça e Pescoço (CP) especialmente na laringe, representando menos de 1% dos tumores primários. São classificados em diferentes graus de acordo com a diferenciação celular. O tratamento é multidisciplinar e inclui quimioterapia, cirurgia e radioterapia. Descreve-se o caso clínico de uma paciente de 73 anos com disfonia progressiva e com lesão laríngea. A biópsia histológica da lesão confirmou carcinoma neuroendócrino de pequenas células (CNEPC). A doente foi estadiada como um T3N0M0 e foi submetida a quimioterapia e radioterapia concomitantes. Devido a uma obstrução aguda da via aérea, passou por uma cirurgia a laser de CO2. Após o tratamento com radioterapia (com dose total de 70Gy) e quimioterapia com carboplatino e etoposídeo, a paciente apresentava-se com bom estado geral e sem queixas relacionadas com tratamento. O tratamento do CNEPC geralmente inclui uma abordagem multidisciplinar, no entanto, a taxa de recorrência é elevada, destacando a necessidade de um acompanhamento rigoroso para atuação tão precoce quanto possível, assim como follow-up a longo prazo para avaliar a eficácia do tratamento e a sobrevida dos pacientes. Em conclusão, este caso representa uma patologia rara, diagnosticado num estadio precoce em que foi possível realizar terapêutica com intuito radical graças a uma abordagem multidisciplinar, sem intercorrências major, e até ao momento sem evidência de recidiva.

Abstract Aim: To analyse the cases of bilateral vocal fold paralysis (BVFP) diagnosed by the ENT department at Hospital Garcia de Orta. To emphasize rare causes of this entity and its treatment. Study design: Retrospective study of BVFP cases diagnosed between January 2011 and December 2022. Materials and methods: Inclusion criteria: diagnosis of BVFP by an ENT with videonasolaryngoscopy documentation. Patients with pharyngolaryngeal neoplasia and insufficient records were excluded. Results: 109 patients were diagnosed with BVFP. The mean age at diagnosis time was 67 years. The presenting symptoms were: acute high dyspnoea in 92.7%, dysphonia in 19.3% and dysphagia in 7.3%. Rare causes were diagnosed: degenerative neurological diseases, neoplasms (thymus, oesophagus, lung, central nervous system), newly brain metastasis, hypocalcaemia, hypothyroidism, neurosyphilis, acute hepatitis B, meningitis and rheumatoid arthritis. 78% patients were approached surgically: tracheostomy, posterior cordotomy using LASER® and vocal cord lateralization. Conclusions: The etiological investigation with imaging exams and analytical evaluation allowed the diagnosis of rare causes of BVFP. In some cases, correction of the underlying cause has allowed reversion of vocal fold paralysis.

Resumo Objetivos: Analisar os casos de paralisia bilateral das cordas vocais (PBCV) diagnosticados no serviço de Otorrinolaringologia do Hospital Garcia de Orta. Alertar para causas raras desta entidade e seu tratamento. Desenho do estudo: Estudo retrospetivo dos casos de PBCV diagnosticados entre janeiro de 2011 e dezembro de 2022. Materiais e Métodos: Critérios de inclusão: diagnóstico de PBCV, observação por otorrinolaringologia com documentação por vídeo nasofaringolaringoscopia. Foram excluídos os doentes com neoplasia faringolaríngea e registos insuficientes. Resultados: Foram diagnosticados 109 doentes com PBCV. A idade média à data de diagnóstico foi de 67 anos. Os sintomas de apresentação foram: dispneia alta aguda em 92,7%, disfonia em 19,3% e disfagia em 7,3%. Foram diagnosticadas causas raras: Doenças neurológicas degenerativas, neoplasias (timo, esófago, pulmão, sistema nervoso central), metastização cerebral de novo, hipocalcemia, hipotiroidismo, neurossífilis, hepatite B aguda, meningite e artrite reumatóide. 78% dos doentes foram abordados cirurgicamente: através de traqueostomia, cordotomia posterior com recurso a LASER® e lateralização de corda vocal de Lichtenberger. Conclusões: A investigação etiológica com recurso a avaliação analítica e imagiológica permitiu o diagnóstico de causas raras de PBCV. Em alguns casos, a correção da causa subjacente permitiu a reversão da paralisia das cordas vocais.

Abstract Objectives: To evaluate the effect of different irrigation activation techniques (IATs) on smear layer removal after post-space preparation. Methods: Forty single-rooted mandibular premolars with no root canal treatment were selected. Teeth were decoronated at 15 mm, and apical patency was confirmed using a #10 K-file. The ProTaper Next NiTi file system was used to shape the root canal. Afterward, the root canals were filled with gutta-percha and a root canal sealer. A week later, 10-mm postspace preparation was done. Teeth were randomly divided into 4 groups based on the IATs used to activate 3 mL of 17% EDTA for 1 min: 1) control group with a conventional needle; 2) sonic irrigation (SI); 3) passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI); and 4) laser-activated irrigation (LAI). Teeth were split longitudinally, and specimens were observed under a scanning electron microscope. Images were taken at the teeth’ coronal, middle, and apical thirds at ×2000 magnification and were scored based on the presence of the smear layer. Data were analyzed statistically. Results: No statistically significant difference was observed between the IATs regarding smear layer removal (p>0.05). However, PUI was more successful at the coronal and apical third, and SI was more successful in the middle third. Conclusions: All the used IATs were effective in removing the smear layer. However, none of them removed it completely

Resumo Objetivos: Avaliar o efeito de técnicas de ativação de irrigação na remoção da smear layer após a preparação do espaço para espigão. Métodos: Selecionaram-se 40 pré-molares mandibulares de raiz única sem tratamento endodôntico. Removeu-se a coroa dos dentes aos 15 mm, e confirmou-se a permeabilidade apical com uma lima K #10. O sistema de limas NiTi ProTaper Next foi utilizado para a preparação canalar, e os canais foram obturados com guta-percha e cimento. Uma semana depois, preparou-se o espaço de 10 mm para espigão. Os dentes foram divididos aleatoriamente em 4 grupos com base na técnica de ativação de irrigação utilizada para ativar 3 mL de EDTA a 17% durante 1 min: 1) grupo de controlo com agulha convencional; 2) irrigação sónica (SI); 3) irrigação ultrassónica passiva (PUI); e 4) irrigação ativada a laser (LAI), e observados sob um microscópio eletrónico de varrimento. Analisaram-se imagens dos terços coronário, médio e apical com ampliação de ×2000, e documentou-se a presença da smear layer. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente. Resultados: Não foi observada diferença estatisticamente significativa entre as técnicas de ativação de irrigação em termos de remoção da smear layer (p>0.05). Por outro lado, a PUI foi mais eficaz no terço coronário e apical, enquanto a SI teve melhor desempenho no terço médio Conclusões: Todas as técnicas de ativação de irrigação utilizadas mostraram-se eficazes na remoção da smear layer. No entanto, nenhuma das técnicas foi capaz de a remover totalmente.

Abstrac Chalcogenide glasses are within the group of phase change materials and are promising in their application to non-volatile electronic memories. Under electrical pulses, they can circulate between two amorphous and crystalline struc-tural states that are well differentiated in their conductivity. Assuming that the phase change mechanisms depend on the energy per unit volume delivered to the sensitive material, it is desirable to build cells on a micrometer scale, al-so considering that they could eventually be integrated into microelectronic manufacturing processes. In a previous work, we observed an abrupt decrease in the resistance of Sb70Te30 base thin films deposited by laser ablation in a temperature range of approximately 445 K when the sample is heated at low rates. From the results of differential scan-ning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction on samples obtained by the same method, we associate the change in resistivity with the crystallization process. In this work, we build micrometric devices with rectangular surface with Sb70Te30 as sensitive material, deposited on coplanar electrodes with spacing L (8 and 16 pm) and width W (4, 8, 16, 32 and 64 pm). We measure the voltage response of the devices when excited by scanning of increasing current and, between consecutive scanning, we measure the remaining resistance by applying a constant voltage value. In curves I-V, we identify a transformation from the original state to one of lower resistance, attributable to crystallization, but it was not possible to perform the reverse transformation to a state of higher resistance. Starting from the lack of knowledge about the conductivity of the material, we simulate the electric field in the cell using the Finite Element Method. The electrical conductivity of the chalcogenide glass in its initial state (amorphous) was estimated by adjusting its value in the simulations with different geometries, minimizing the difference between the measured and simulated resistances.

Resumen Los vidrios calcogenuros se encuentran dentro del grupo de los materiales de cambio de fase y son prometedores en su aplicación a memorias electrónicas no volátiles. Bajo pulsos eléctricos, pueden ciclar entre dos estados estructurales amorfo y cristalino que están bien diferenciados en su conductividad. Suponiendo que los mecanismos de cambio de fase dependen de la energía por unidad de volumen entregada al material sensible, es deseable construir celdas a escala micrométrica, considerando también que eventualmente podrían integrarse en procesos de fabricación microelectrónica. En un trabajo anterior, observamos una disminución abrupta en la resistencia de las películas delgadas base Sb70Te30 depositadas por ablación láser en un rango de temperatura de aproximadamente 445 K cuando la muestra se calienta a bajas velocidades. A partir de los resultados de la calorimetría diferencial de barrido y difracción de rayos X en muestras obtenidas por el mismo método, asociamos el cambio de resistividad con el proceso de cristalización. En este trabajo, construimos dispositivos micrométricos de superficie rectangular con Sb70Te30 como material sensible, depositado sobre electrodos coplanares con espaciado L (8 y 16 pm) y ancho W (4, 8, 16, 32 y 64 pm). Medimos la respuesta de voltaje de los dispositivos cuando se excitan mediante barrido de corriente creciente y, entre barridos consecutivos medimos la resistencia aplicando un valor de voltaje constante. En las curvas I-V identificamos una transformación del estado original a uno de menor resistencia, atribuible a la cristalización, pero no fue posible realizar la transformación inversa a un estado de mayor resistencia. Partiendo del desconocimiento sobre la conductividad del material, simulamos el campo eléctrico en la celda mediante el Método de los Elementos Finitos. La conductividad eléctrica del vidrio calcogenuro en su estado inicial (amorfo) fue estimada a partir de ajustar su valor en las simulaciones con diferentes geometrías minimizando la diferencia entre las resistencias medidas y simuladas.

Resumen Los cementos bioactivos a base de silicato tricálcico se introdujeron en el mercado para uso en odontología, con una variedad de aplicaciones clínicas. Estos cementos pueden estar en contacto con tejidos como la pulpa dental o el periodonto, en caso de extrusión no intencionada. Por lo tanto, es importante conocer la genotoxicidad y la citoxicidad de estos materiales. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la citotoxicidad y genotoxicidad de los selladores bioactivos Bio-C® Sealer y MTA Repair HP® en fibroblastos humanos. Se prepararon discos de selladores bioactivos Bio-C® Sealer y MTA Repair HP® y se colocaron durante 24h en condiciones de esterilidad. Los discos se colocaron en medio de cultivo a 2,5mg/mL dentro de un mezclador de rodillos SRT6D (Stuart, Reino Unido) a 60rpm durante 24h. Los eluidos obtenidos se incubaron durante 24h con fibroblastos de la línea celular ATCC previamente activados y cultivados al 80% de confluencia. La citotoxicidad se evaluó mediante ensayos Alamar Blue® y LIVE/DEAD; así como el análisis de los ensayos Tunnel y Mitotracker para evaluar la genotoxicidad, utilizando el microscopio confocal láser de barrido. En el ensayo Alamar Blue®, el Sellador Bio-C® presentó una proliferación celular del 87%, mientras que el sellador MTA Repair HP® fue del 72%. Se encontró una diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre el sellador MTA Repair HP® con respecto al control negativo (p=<0.001). En cuanto a las pruebas de genotoxicidad, en el ensayo Tunel, ambos materiales tiñen el núcleo de las células fibroblásticas expuestas a los eluidos, mientras que el ensayo Mitotracker, el sellador MTA Repair HP®, mostró una mayor función mitocondrial que el Bio-C® Sealer. Los selladores a base de silicato de calcio, Bio-C® Sealer y MTA Repair HP® no son citotóxicos y tienen una baja genotoxicidad.

Abstract Bioactive cements based on tricalcium silicate have been introducedto the market for use in dentistry, with a variety of clinical applications. These cements are in contact with vital tissues such as dental pulp or periodontium in cases of unintentional extrusion; thus, it is important to know the genotoxicity and cytoxicity of these materials. The objective of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of bioactive sealers, Bio-C® Sealer and MTA Repair HP®, in human fibroblasts. Discs of bioactive sealers Bio-C® Sealer, and MTA Repair HP®, were prepared and set for 24h under sterile conditions. The discs were placed in culture medium at 2.5mg/mL inside a SRT6D roller mixer (Stuart, UK) at 60rpm for 24h. The eluates obtained were incubated for 24h with previously activated and cultured ATCC cell line fibroblasts at 80% confluence. The cytotoxicity was evaluated by Alamar Blue® and LIVE/ DEAD assays, as well as the analysis of the Tunel and Mitotracker assays to evaluate genotoxicity using the confocal laser-scanning microscope. In the Alamar Blue® assay, the Bio-C® Sealer presented a cell proliferation of 87%, while the MTA Repair HP® Sealer was 72%. A statistically significant difference was found between the MTA Repair HP® Sealant and the negative control (p=<0.001). Regarding the genotoxicity tests, in the Tunel assay, both materials stain the nucleus of the fibroblast cells exposed to the eluates, while in the Mitotracker assay, the MTA Repair HP® Sealer showed greater mitochondrial function than the Bio-C® Sealer. Calcium silicate-based sealers, Bio-C® Sealer and MTA Repair HP®, are not cytotoxic and have low genotoxicity.

Abstract Objective: This study aimed to assess the efficacy of a combination therapy involving NB-UVB phototherapy, bFGF-related decapeptide, and fractional CO2 laser in stable non-segmental vitiligo cases. Method: A prospective interventional study was conducted on clinically stable, non-segmental vitiligo patients. The combination therapy was administered for 16 weeks, and patients were followed up for 12 weeks. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 23.0, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. Results: Twenty patients aged 12-60 years were enrolled. After 16 weeks, 65% of patients showed good to excellent repigmentation (> 50%) with perifollicular repigmentation being commonly observed. The time for initial repigmentation was as early as 4 weeks. Adverse effects were mild and transient, with no recurrence observed during the follow-up period. Conclusion: This novel combination therapy demonstrated significant repigmentation rates in stable non-segmental vitiligo and presents a potential safe and efficacious therapeutic option in clinical settings.

Resumo Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a eficácia de uma terapia combinada envolvendo fototerapia NB-UVB, decapeptídeo relacionado a bFGF e laser de CO2 fracionado em casos estáveis de vitiligo não segmentar. Métodos: Um estudo intervencionista prospectivo foi conduzido em pacientes com vitiligo não segmentar, clinicamente estáveis. A terapia combinada foi administrada por 16 semanas e os pacientes foram acompanhados por 12 semanas. A análise dos dados foi realizada no SPSS versão 23.0, com significância estatística definida como valor p < 0.05. Resultados: Vinte pacientes com idades entre 12 e 60 anos foram incluídos. Após 16 semanas, 65% dos pacientes apresentaram repigmentação boa a excelente (> 50%), sendo comumente observada repigmentação perifolicular. O tempo para repigmentação inicial foi de 4 semanas. Os efeitos adversos foram leves e transitórios, sem recorência observada durante o período de acompanhamento. Conclusão: Esta nova terapia combinada demonstrou taxas de repigmentação significativas no vitiligo não segmentar estável e apresenta uma opção terapêutica potencialmente segura e eficaz em ambientes clínicos.

Abstract Additive manufacturing has evolved from a rapid prototyping technology to a technology with the ability to produce highly complex parts with superior mechanical properties than those obtained conventionally. The processing of metallic powders by means of a laser makes it possible to process any type of alloy and even metal matrix composites. The present work analyzes the tensile and compressive response of 316L stainless steel processed by laser-based powder bed fusion. The resulting microstructure was evaluated by optical microscopy. Regarding the mechanical properties, the yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, percentage of elongation before breakage, compressive strength and microhardness were determined. The results show that the microstructure is constituted by stacked micro molten pools, within which cellular sub-grains are formed due to the high thermal gradient and solidification rate. The compressive strength (1511.88 ± 9.22 MPa) is higher than the tensile strength (634.80 ± 11.62 MPa). This difference is mainly associated with strain hardening and the presence of residual stresses. The initial microhardness was 206.24 ± 11.96 HV; after the compression test, the hardness increased by 23%.

Resumen La fabricación aditiva ha evolucionado desde una tecnología de prototipado rápido hasta una con la capacidad de producir piezas altamente complejas con propiedades mecánicas que superan las logradas de manera convencional. El procesamiento de polvos metálicos mediante tecnología láser permite el tratamiento de una amplia gama de aleaciones e incluso materiales compuestos. Este estudio analiza la respuesta a tracción y compresión del acero inoxidable 316L fusionado mediante fusión selectiva láser. La microestructura resultante fue analizada mediante microscopía óptica. En cuanto a las propiedades mecánicas, se determinaron la resistencia a la fluencia, la resistencia última a la tracción, el porcentaje de elongación antes de la fractura, la resistencia a la compresión y la microdureza. Los resultados muestran que la microestructura está compuesta por micropiletas fundidas apiladas, dentro de las cuales se generan subgranos celulares debido al alto gradiente térmico y la alta velocidad de solidificación. La resistencia a la compresión (1511.88 ± 9.22 MPa) es superior a la resistencia a tracción (634.80 ± 11.62 MPa). Esta diferencia está principalmente asociada con el endurecimiento por deformación y las tensiones residuales. La microdureza inicial fue de 206.24 ± 11.96 HV, y después de la prueba de compresión, la dureza aumentó en un 23 %.

Abstract Forests monitoring is an essential task for the understanding and management of forest stands, however, the collection of the necessary information to carry out this task is costly and time-consuming. Given the forestry sector's need to develop new efficient and accurate alternatives for tropical forests monitoring that can complement current methodologies, this study was conducted to characterize the structural attributes of forest systems using a terrestrial laser scanner (TLS). Five sites with different successional stages of tropical dry forest (TdF) and five forest plantations of different ages and under different management regimes were characterized by extracting the variables of Stand Height, Effective Number of Layers (ENL), Stand Structural Complexity Index (SSCI) and the percentage of Canopy Openness, out of point clouds obtained from TLS. The results suggest that there is no pattern related with the specific successional stages of the TdF evaluated, however, the comparison between the different forest plantations with TdF reflect a strong contrast between the different groups, which represents a potential for further research on the use of this technology in different tropical forest landscapes.

Resumen El monitoreo de los bosques es una labor imprescindible para el entendimiento y manejo de las masas forestales, sin embargo, la recolección de la información necesaria para realizar esta labor es una actividad tardada y costosa. Ante la necesidad del sector forestal de desarrollar nuevas alternativas de monitoreo de bosques tropicales, que sean eficientes, precisas y permitan complementar las metodologías actuales, surge este estudio para caracterizar los atributos estructurales de sistemas boscosos a través del uso del escáner láser terrestre (TLS). Se caracterizaron cinco sitios de diferentes estadios sucesionales de bosque seco tropical (BsT) y cinco plantaciones forestales con diferentes edades y bajo distintos regímenes de manejo, al extraer las variables de Altura de dosel, Efective Number of Layers (ENL), Índice de Complejidad Estructural (SSCI) y porcentaje de Apertura de dosel, por medio de nubes de puntos obtenidas con TLS. Los resultados obtenidos sugieren que no existe un patrón de comportamiento normal dependiente de la etapa de sucesión del BsT evaluado, sin embargo, la comparación entre las distintas plantaciones forestales con el BsT refleja un fuerte contraste entre los distintos grupos, lo que representa un potencial para seguir investigando el uso de esta tecnología en distintos paisajes forestales tropicales.

ABSTRACT Background: To evaluate the 10-year functional outcomes (primary) and frequency and predictors of BPH surgical retreatment (secondary) after ThuLEP. Materials and Methods: A single-center retrospective analysis of consecutive patients undergoing ThuLEP between 2010 and 2013 was performed. Inclusion criteria were: age ≥ 40 years, prostate volume (PV) ≥ 80 mL, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS)-Total score ≥ 8 points. IPSS-Total score was the primary outcome, and BPH surgical retreatment rate was the secondary outcome. Paired t-test, McNemar test, and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used to compare variables. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate predictors of surgical retreatment. Results: A total of 410 patients with a mean ±SD age of 63.9 ± 9.7 years and a PV of 115.6 ± 28.6 mL were included. Mean ±SD follow-up was 108.2 ± 29.6 months. IPSS-Total score was significantly improved at 1 year compared to baseline (23.3 ± 4.7 vs. 10.3 ± 3.8; p<0.001). It was similar after 5 years (10.5 ± 3.6 vs. 10.7 ± 5.0; p=0.161), with a significant worsening at 10 years (10.3 ±4.8 vs. 13.8 ±4.5; p=0.042) but remaining statistically and clinically better than baseline (13.8 ±4.5 vs. 22.1 ±4.3; p<0.001). After 10 years, 21 (5.9%) patients had undergone BPH reoperation. Baseline PV (adjusted OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.09-1.41; p<0.001) and time from BPH surgery (adjusted OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.15-1.43; p<0.001) were predictors of BPH surgical retreatment. Conclusions: ThuLEP is associated with optimal functional outcomes and a low frequency of BPH surgical retreatment in the long-term. Baseline PV and time from surgery were predictors of BPH reoperation. Background 10year (primary (secondary Methods singlecenter single center 201 4 (PV IPSSTotal IPSS Total points outcome ttest, ttest t t-test signedrank signed rank variables Results 41 SD 639 63 9 63. 97 7 9. 1156 115 6 115. 286 28 28. included followup follow up 1082 108 2 108. 296 29 29. months 23.3 233 23 3 (23. 47 4. vs 103 10. 3.8 38 p<0.001. p0001 p p<0.001 . 0 001 10.5 105 (10. 36 3. 107 5.0 50 p=0.161, p0161 p=0.161 , 161 p=0.161) 48 ±4. 138 13 13. 45 p=0.042 p0042 042 (13. 221 22 22. ±4.3 43 5.9% 59 (5.9% reoperation adjusted 127 27 1.27 95 1.091.41 109141 1.09 1.41 09 1.09-1.41 132 32 1.32 1.151.43 115143 1.15 1.43 15 1.15-1.43 Conclusions longterm. longterm long term. term long-term 20 11 23. (23 p000 p<0.00 00 (10 5. p016 p=0.16 16 ±4 p=0.04 p004 04 (13 5.9 (5.9 12 1.2 091 1.091.4 10914 109 1.0 141 1.4 1.09-1.4 1.3 151 1.151.4 11514 1.1 143 1.15-1.4 (2 p00 p<0.0 (1 p01 p=0.1 p=0.0 (5. 1. 1.091. 1091 14 1.09-1. 1.151. 1151 1.15-1. ( p0 p<0. p=0. (5 1.091 1.09-1 1.151 1.15-1 p<0 p=0 1.09- 1.15- p< p=