Abstract The purpose of this article is to display a descriptive look at the expectations of employment and / or educational insertion of students who are going through their graduation process in common state-run high schools in the town of Bahía Blanca. Within the framework of these youth transitions, in addition to characterizing their projections, it was sought to account for the incidence of certain social factors related to educational, cultural and economic variables. They were thought as conditioning factors of the content assumed by students expectations; as influential in the delineation process of these post high school plans and aspirations. From a quantitative methodological approach, we worked on a stratified random sample, with proportional allocation by educational establishment, to which a survey was applied that allowed the structuring of groups of expectations, taking into account the interplay between these and the aforementioned factors.

Resumen El presente artículo tiene como finalidad desplegar una mirada descriptiva acerca de las expectativas de inserción laboral y/o educativa de estudiantes que se encuentran transitando su proceso de egreso en escuelas secundarias comunes de gestión estatal de la localidad de Bahía Blanca. En el marco de estas transiciones juveniles, además de caracterizar sus proyecciones, se buscó dar cuenta de la incidencia de determinados factores sociales vinculados con aspectos: educativos, culturales y económicos. Se los pensó como condicionantes del contenido asumido por las expectativas; como influyentes en el proceso de delimitación de estos planes y aspiraciones postsecundarias. Desde un abordaje metodológico cuantitativo se trabajó sobre una muestra aleatoria estratificada, con asignación proporcional por establecimiento educativo, a la que se le aplicó una encuesta que permitió estructurar grupos de expectativas teniendo en cuenta el interjuego entre éstos y los mencionados factores.

The need for more engineers in Jamaica has increased in recent times. Recognizing that females are underrepresented in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM), more efforts are being made to encourage females to pursue careers in STEM. Although engineering continues to be male dominated, there are a few engineering disciplines with relatively high female participation. Chemical engineering (ChE) is one of these engineering disciplines. In this study, gender differences in enrollment and persistence in ChE, the quality of degree obtained on completion and the job placement of female graduates were investigated. A survey was used to obtain qualitative information on factors that influence females to study ChE, and their gender-related experiences as students and STEM employees. The main findings revealed that females represented 41% of ChE intake, had higher rates of degree completion, were motivated by male role models to pursue engineering, and few females experienced some forms of gender-based discrimination in STEM employment. Based on the study, strategies were suggested to improve the number of females in STEM and to address the issues of gender bias in STEM employment.

RESUMO: A expansão do acesso à educação superior universitária representou um avanço para a integração de grupos tradicionalmente excluídos no Chile. No entanto, a expansão do acesso resultou insuficiente para assegurar a equidade do sistema de educação superior. Sob essa premissa, o artigo se ocupa em indagar acerca da formação acadêmica e da inserção laboral de acordo com a percepção dos graduados, considerando que essas dimensões refletem aspectos relevantes do grau de equidade que poderia estar evidenciando o sistema chileno. Este estudo exploratório teve como foco os graduados do curso de Pedagogia em Educação Básica de três universidades com distintos critérios de seleção de seus alunos. Concluímos que não existe evidência a favor de que o grau de seleção e as características e atributos da formação acadêmica recebida pelos graduados de distintas universidades sejam percebidos como fatores determinantes para a inserção laboral dos graduados.

ABSTRACT: The expansion of access to higher education represented an advancement for the integration of traditionally excluded groups in Chile. However, expanding access is insufficient to ensure the equity of the higher education system. Under this premise, the article seeks to investigate aspects of academic training and employment from the perception of graduates, considering that these dimensions reflect relevant aspects of the degree of equity that could be evidencing the Chilean system. This exploratory study focused on graduates of the Teaching for Basic Education career of three universities with different levels of selectivity of their students. We conclude that there is no evidence that the degree of selectivity, as well as the characteristics and attributes of the academic training received by the graduates of different universities, are perceived as determining factors for the job placement of graduates.

RESUMEN: La expansión del acceso a la educación superior universitaria ha representado un avance para la integración de grupos tradicionalmente excluidos en Chile. Sin embargo, la apertura del acceso resulta insuficiente para asegurar la equidad del sistema de educación superior. Bajo esta premisa, el artículo se ocupa de indagar en torno a la formación académica y la inserción laboral desde la percepción de los titulados, considerando que esas dimensiones reflejan aspectos relevantes del grado de equidad que podría estar evidenciando el sistema chileno. Este estudio exploratorio se focalizó en titulados de la carrera de Pedagogía en Educación Básica de tres universidades con distintos niveles de selectividad de sus alumnos. Concluimos que no existe evidencia a favor de que el grado de selectividad, así como las características y atributos de la formación académica recibida por los titulados de distintas universidades, sean percibidos como factores determinantes para la inserción laboral de los titulados.

ABSTRACT Mental health is one of the most neglected fields of health. The rehabilitated mentally ill need to meet their needs by integrating into a society that may be able to provide them with sufficient tools to reach their maximum level of development. The objective was to analyze the experiences in the workplace of people with psychosocial disabilities who come to the Psychosocial Rehabilitation Center "El Puente", an observational design with a qualitative approach of phenomenological type was used. The dimensions and categories of analysis were the sociodemographic data, the perception of the factors associated to the labor insertion, the strategies of labor insertion and the experiences in the labor scope. Sampling of homogeneous type selected on the basis of criteria and consisting of 4 people with psychosocial disabilities who come to this institution. Sample based on criteria. The data collection was carried out through semi-structured interviews, using as a tool a guide of open questions based on the dimensions and categories studied. They were recorded with the consent of the subjects. It was concluded that the experiences of people with psychosocial disabilities in the workplace are positive due to the good performance and relationship within the work; However, there is still difficulty for access to work due to internal factors such as self-stigma, fear and symptomatology of the disease and also external factors such as prejudice and social marginalization, ignorance about the disease and demands of the labor market. These factors merit the continuation of further investigations on the subject.

RESUMEN La salud mental es uno de los campos de la salud más abandonados. Los enfermos mentales rehabilitados necesitan satisfacer sus necesidades integrándose a una sociedad capaz de brindarles las herramientas suficientes para alcanzar su máximo grado de desarrollo. El objetivo fue analizar las experiencias en el ámbito laboral de personas con discapacidad psicosocial que acuden al Centro de Rehabilitación Psicosocial “El Puente”, se utilizó un diseño observacional con enfoque cualitativo de tipo fenomenológico. Las dimensiones y categorías de análisis fueron los datos sociodemográficos, la percepción de los factores asociados a la inserción laboral, las estrategias de inserción laboral y las vivencias en el ámbito laboral. Muestreo de tipo homogénea seleccionada en base a criterios y constituida por 4 personas con discapacidad psicosocial que acuden a dicha institución. Muestra en base a de criterios. La recolección de datos se realizó por medio de entrevistas semiestructuradas, utilizando como instrumento una guía de preguntas abiertas en base a las dimensiones y categorías estudiadas. Las mismas fueron grabadas previo consentimiento de los sujetos. Se concluyó que las experiencias de personas con discapacidad psicosocial en el ámbito laboral son positivas debido al buen desempeño y relacionamiento dentro del trabajo; sin embargo, aún existe dificultad para el acceso laboral debido a factores internos como el autoestigma, miedo y sintomatología de la enfermedad y también externos como el prejuicio y marginación social, la ignorancia sobre la enfermedad y exigencias del mercado laboral. Dichos factores ameritan la continuación de posteriores investigaciones en el tema.

Contar con título universitario no garantiza ni el status social, ni el empleo pleno. Ahí radica la importancia de vincular la formación universitaria con el empleo para determinar cuáles son las principales características para el éxito de un graduado. Se pretende con la investigación, determinar los procesos de transición al mercado laboral en la Facultad de Ciencias económicas Administrativas y Financieras de la UAGRM, para identificar características exitosas en su carrera profesional. La confluencia de diversos abordajes teóricos y metodológicos para estudiar este fenómeno nos lleva a proponer una agenda de investigación a través de la cual se elaboren bases de datos del entorno para promover una coordinación interinstitucional que beneficie a los graduados en su inserción socio profesional. Los principales hallazgos enuncian factores condicionantes del mercado laboral y factores determinantes para saborear el éxito profesional, el empleo pleno y lograr estatus social, denotando que para esto se requiere esfuerzo y trabajo individual.

to get a university degree does guarantee neither the status nor full employment. Therefore, the importance of linking university education to employment it is one factor that features for the success of a graduate student. With this research, we hope to determine the processes of transition to the labor market from the Faculty of Administrative Sciences Economic and Financial UAGRM in order to identify successful features in student careers. The confluence of various theoretical and methodological approaches help to study this phenomenon that leads us to propose a research agenda through databases are developed environment to promote interagency coordination to benefit graduates in their professional partner integration. The main findings set out factors affecting the labor market and determining factors for career success transition, full employment and achieve social status, noting that for this effort and individual work is required.

Se presentan algunos resultados de una investigación cualitativa más amplia cuyo objetivo principal es identificar los factores que facilitarían u obstaculizarían la inserción laboral de los egresados universitarios con formación híbrida. A partir de las representaciones sociales de diez egresados de la Licenciatura en Ciencias Empresariales fue posible identificar tres factores que facilitarían la consecución del primer empleo tales como la formación multidisciplinaria, la calidad de su formación universitaria y el prestigio de su universidad de origen. En escasa medida algunos refieren desde su propio imaginario tres factores obstaculizadores en su inserción laboral: la falta de liderazgo y sociabilidad, la falta de experiencia laboral y el bajo promedio escolar obtenido a lo extenso de su formación universitaria.

The present article shows some results extracted from a broader qualitative research whose main objective is to identify factors that facilitate or hinder the job placement of university graduates with hybrid training. From social representations of ten graduates with Bachelor degrees in Business Sciences (Licenciatura en Ciencias Empresariales) it has been possible to identify three factors that facilitate the achievement of their first job, such as mutidisciplinary-training, the quality of university education, and the prestige of the university. From their personal viewpoints, and to a lesser extent, graduates refer to three hindering factors in their employment; the lack of leadership and social skills, the lack of work experience, and low school grades obtained throughout their university education.

Background: In Australia, the profession of pharmacy has undergone many changes to adapt to the needs of the community. In recent years, concerns have been raised with evidence emerging of workforce saturation in traditional pharmacy practice sectors. It is not known how current final year pharmacy students´ perceive the different pharmacy career paths in this changing environment. Hence investigating students´ current experiences with their pharmacy course, interaction with the profession and developing an understanding of their career intentions would be an important step, as these students would make up a large proportion of future pharmacy workforce Objective: The objective of this study was thus to investigate final year students´ career perspectives and the reasons for choosing pharmacy, satisfaction with this choice of pharmacy as a tertiary course and a possible future career, factors affecting satisfaction and intention of future career paths. Methods: A quantitative cross sectional survey of final year students from 3 Australian universities followed by a qualitative semi-structured interview of a convenience sample of final year students from the University of Sydney. Results: "Interest in health and medicine" was the most important reason for choosing pharmacy (n=238). The majority of students were "somewhat satisfied" with the choice of pharmacy (35.7%) as a course and possible future career. Positive associations were found between satisfaction and reasons for joining pharmacy such as "felt pharmacy is a good profession" (p=0.003) while negative associations included "joined pharmacy as a gateway to medicine or dentistry" (p=0.001). Quantitate and qualitative results showed the most frequent perception of community pharmacy was "changing" while hospital and pharmaceutical industry was described as "competitive" and "research" respectively. The highest career intention was community followed by hospital pharmacy. Conclusion: Complex factors including university experiences are involved in shaping students´ satisfaction and perception of career. This may relate to challenges in the community pharmacy sector, job opportunities in hospital and limited understanding of the pharmaceutical industry. The results offer insight for the profession in terms of entry into various roles and also to pharmacy educators for their roles in shaping curricula and placement experiences that attract future graduates to defined career pathways in pharmacy.

Antecedentes: En Australia, la profesión de farmacia ha sufrido muchos cambios para adaptarse a las necesidades de la comunidad. En los últimos años han aparecido preocupaciones sobre la evidencia que se va produciendo de la saturación de mano de obra en los sectores tradicionales del ejercicio de la farmacia. No se sabe cómo perciben los actuales estudiantes del último año de farmacia las diferentes salidas profesionales en este entorno cambiante. Por ello, sería importante investigar las experiencias de los estudiantes con su curso, la interacción con la profesión y sería un paso importante evolucionar en la comprensión de sus intenciones de carrera, ya que estos estudiantes constituyen una gran proporción de la futura fuerza laboral de farmacia. Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue, por tanto, investigar en los estudiantes del último año, las perspectivas de carrera y las razones para la selección de farmacia, la satisfacción con su selección de farmacia como un curso terciario y la posible futura carrera profesional, los factores que afectan a la satisfacción y la intención de futuras salidas profesionales. Métodos: Encuesta transversal cuantitativa a los estudiantes del último año de 3 Universidades australianas, seguida de entrevistas cualitativas semi-estructuradas a una muestra de conveniencia a estudiantes del último año de la Universidad de Sydney. Resultados: El "interés en la salud y la medicina" fue la razón más importante para elegir farmacia (n=238). La mayoría de los estudiantes estaban "algo satisfechos" con la elección de farmacia (35,7%) como curso y posible ejercicio profesional. Se encontraron asociaciones positivas entre la satisfacción y razones para inscribirse en farmacia, tales como "sentir que farmacia es una buena profesión" (p=0,003), mientras que las asociaciones negativas incluían "inscribirse en farmacia como paso para medicina u odontología" (p=0,001). Los resultados cualitativos y cuantitativos mostraron que las percepciones más frecuentes sobre los farmacéuticos comunitarios era "cambiante", mientras que los farmacéuticos hospitalarios y la industria eran descritos como "competitivos" e "investigación", respectivamente. La intención de salida profesional más frecuente era la farmacia comunitaria, seguida de la hospitalaria. Conclusión: Factores complejos, que incluyen las experiencias universitarias, están involucrados en la conformación de la satisfacción y percepción de las salidas en los estudiantes. Estos pueden estar relacionados con retos en el sector de farmacia comunitaria, oportunidades de trabajo en hospital y entendimiento limitado de la industria farmacéutica. Los resultados ofrecen una aproximación para la profesión en términos de aparición de los varios papeles y también a los educadores por su papel en la conformación de currículos y selección de lugares de prácticas que atraigan a los futuros graduados a definir su carrera profesional en farmacia.

ORIENTATION: The study investigates factors that impact work-family conflict and work engagement among working mothers. RESEARCH PURPOSE: The job demand-resources model is utilised to investigate the moderating role of conscientiousness and neuroticism on the relationship between work-family conflict and work engagement. MOTIVATION FOR THE STUDY: Working mothers are challenged to establish a balance between work and family life. The resulting work-family conflict can negatively affect well-being. It is thus necessary to explore personal factors that relate to work-family conflict, particularly in the South African context. RESEARCH DESIGN, APPROACH AND METHOD: A quantitative, cross-sectional survey design was used. The sample (N = 267) was comprised of working mothers from several organisations. Data was gathered using the work-to-family conflict questionnaire, the Basic Traits Inventory and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale. MAIN FINDINGS: The results indicated that work-family conflict negatively predicts work engagement. Conscientiousness positively predicts work engagement, and neuroticism negatively predicts work engagement. A significant interaction effect was found for conscientiousness but not for neuroticism. The findings showed that for participants with high levels of conscientiousness, work engagement decreases significantly more with an increase in work-family conflict than for participants with low levels of conscientiousness. PRACTICAL/MANAGERIAL IMPLICATIONS: Organisations should consider those individuals who have high levels of conscientiousness and low levels of neuroticism in the selection and placement of employees. In addition, organisations have a responsibility to provide conscientious women, particularly mothers, with adequate support to ensure that work-family conflict does not adversely impact their levels of work engagement.