Abstract The persistent increase in cesarean deliveries as a means of completing pregnancy represents a critical public health issue worldwide. This has been highlighted by academia, international health institutions, and feminist studies. In Uruguay, 63.81% of births in the private sector and 36.19% in the public sector in 2023 were by cesarean section. Cesarean delivery on maternal request (CDMR) is one of the main causes of this increase, being considered a non-medically indicated intervention that may pose unnecessary risks to maternal-fetal health. From a principlist perspective, the ethical conflict between the principles of autonomy and non-maleficence is identified. This article explores the analysis of CDMR from a feminist bioethics perspective, proposing the notion of relational autonomy and shared decision-making as ethical frameworks to address this conflict and ensure the sexual and reproductive rights of pregnant individuals.

Resumo O aumento persistente das cesáreas como forma de concluir a gestação representa um problema crítico de saúde pública em nível global. Isso foi destacado pela academia, instituições internacionais de saúde e estudos feministas. No Uruguai, 63,81% dos nascimentos no setor privado e 36,19% no setor público em 2023 foram por cesariana. A cesárea por solicitação materna (CSM) é uma das principais causas desse aumento, sendo considerada uma intervenção sem indicação médica, que pode acarretar riscos desnecessários para a saúde materno-fetal. De uma perspectiva principialista, identifica-se o conflito ético entre os princípios de autonomia e não maleficência. Este artigo explora a análise das CSM a partir de uma perspectiva de bioética feminista, propondo a noção de autonomia relacional e a tomada de decisão compartilhada como estruturas éticas para abordar esse conflito e garantir os direitos sexuais e reprodutivos das gestantes.

Resumen El aumento persistente de las cesáreas como forma de culminar la gestación representa un problema crítico de salud pública a nivel global. Esto ha sido señalado por la academia, instituciones internacionales de salud y estudios feministas. En Uruguay, el 63,81% de los nacimientos en el sector privado y el 36,19% en el sector público en 2023 fueron por cesárea. La cesárea por petición materna (CPM) es una de las causas principales de este incremento, siendo considerada una intervención sin indicación médica, que puede acarrear riesgos innecesarios para la salud materno-fetal. Desde un enfoque principialista, se identifica el conflicto ético entre los principios de autonomía y no maleficencia. Este artículo explora el análisis de las CPM desde una perspectiva de bioética feminista, proponiendo la noción de autonomía relacional y la toma de decisiones compartidas como marcos éticos para abordar este conflicto y garantizar los derechos sexuales y reproductivos de las gestantes.

A gestação e a parentalidade de homens trans tensionam as fronteiras dos padrões hegemônicos de gênero, masculinidade e feminilidade, ampliando a discussão sobre sexualidade e reprodução no âmbito das políticas de saúde. Propomos uma reflexão sobre as implicações da gestação transmasculina para os serviços e políticas de saúde partindo de uma pesquisa-intervenção realizada em um ambulatório de saúde sexual e reprodutiva, em um hospital maternidade do Nordeste brasileiro, e apresenta a “Caderneta do Gestante” como uma abordagem de acolhimento em saúde que favorece a inclusão da diversidade de gênero, o exercício dos direitos reprodutivos das pessoas transmasculinas e o cuidado integral em saúde às pessoas trans. O contemporâneo reivindica uma pauta das transmasculinidades aos direitos reprodutivos de pessoas transmasculinas, sendo crucial aos profissionais e serviços de saúde que repensem a atenção integral à saúde dos homens e suas masculinidades diversas.

La gestación y la parentalidad de hombres trans tensionan las fronteras de los estándares hegemónicos de género, masculinidad y femineidad, ampliando la discusión sobre sexualidad y reproducción en el ámbito de las políticas de salud. Proponemos una reflexión sobre las implicaciones de la gestación transmasculina para los servicios y políticas de salud, partiendo de una investigación-intervención realizada en un ambulatorio de salud sexual y reproductiva, en un hospital maternidad del nordeste brasileño y presenta la “Cartilla del Gestante” como un abordaje de acogida en salud que favorece la inclusión de la diversidad de género, el ejercicio de los derechos reproductivos de las personas transmasculinas y el cuidado integral de salud a las personas trans. Lo contemporáneo reivindica de las transmasculinidades una pauta para los derechos reproductivos de personas transmasculinas, siendo crucial que los profesionales y servicios de salud repiensen la atención integral a la salud de los hombres y sus masculinidades diversas.

Pregnancy and parenting among trans men are pushing the boundaries of hegemonic patterns of gender, masculinity and femininity, broadening the discussion of sexuality and reproduction in the context of health policies. We propose a reflection on the implications of transmasculine pregnancy for health services and policies based on an intervention study conducted in a sexual and reproductive health outpatient clinic in a maternity hospital in Brazil’s Northeast region. We present the "The Pregnancy Book " as a welcoming approach to healthcare that promotes the inclusion of gender diversity, the exercise of transmasculine people's reproductive rights and comprehensive health care for trans people. Contemporary trans masculinities demand the creation of an agenda for the reproductive rights of transmasculine people. It is crucial that health professionals and services rethink comprehensive health care for men and their diverse masculinities.

Resumen: La presente investigación intenta describir la influencia del proceso de doblaje de videos para reducir los niveles de ansiedad al hablar de los estudiantes de primaria en el aula de inglés como lengua extranjera (EFL). La intervención constó de 5 sesiones donde los estudiantes trabajaron en parejas practicando la lectura en voz alta del diálogo de una escena cinematográfica, utilizando el video como insumo para el doblaje intralingüístico, para finalmente grabar y sincronizar sus voces con la escena. Los participantes de este estudio fueron 8 estudiantes chilenos de 8º grado que fueron seleccionados por sus altos niveles de ansiedad al hablar en el aula de EFL. Para analizar el efecto de esta estrategia se realizó una escala Likert, entrevistas semiestructuradas y observaciones. Los hallazgos revelaron que el proceso de doblaje contribuyó a disminuir los niveles de ansiedad al hablar de los participantes, declarando sentirse más seguros, menos nerviosos y más dispuestos a participar en el aula de EFL, concluyendo que esta estrategia ha demostrado ser efectiva para este propósito.

Resumo: A presente pesquisa-ação busca descrever a influência do processo de dublagem de vídeos para reduzir os níveis de ansiedade ao falar entre alunos do ensino fundamental na sala de aula de Inglês como Língua Estrangeira (EFL). A intervenção consistiu em 5 sessões nas quais os alunos trabalharam em pares, praticando a leitura em voz alta do diálogo de uma cena de filme, usando o vídeo como insumo para a dublagem intralingual e, por fim, gravando e sincronizando suas vozes com a cena. Os participantes deste estudo foram 8 estudantes chilenos do 8º ano, selecionados com base em seus altos níveis de ansiedade ao falar na sala de aula de EFL. Para analisar o efeito dessa estratégia, foram aplicados uma escala Likert, entrevistas semiestruturadas, e observações. Os resultados revelaram que o processo de dublagem contribuiu para diminuir os níveis de ansiedade ao falar dos participantes, que declararam sentirse mais confiantes, menos nervosos e mais dispostos a participar na sala de aula de EFL, concluindo que essa estratégia se mostrou eficaz para esse propósito.

Abstract: The present action research attempts to describe the influence of the video dubbing process to reduce primary school students’ speaking anxiety levels in the English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classroom. The intervention consisted of 5 sessions where students worked in pairs practicing reading aloud the dialogue of a movie scene, using the video as an input for intralingual dubbing, to finally record and synchronize their voices with the scene. The participants of this study were 8 Chilean students from 8th grade who were selected based on their high levels of speaking anxiety in the EFL classroom. To analyze the effect of this strategy, a Likert scale, semi structured interviews, and observations were conducted. Findings revealed that the dubbing process contributed to decrease the participants’ speaking anxiety levels, declaring to feel more confident, less nervous, and more willing to participate in the EFL classroom, concluding that this strategy has proven to be effective for this purpose.

Abstract: The purpose of this document is to highlight the existing issue caused by a lack of knowledge about the actual condition of machinery and precise monitoring in an express mechanic workshop. This workshop consists of mechanical maintenance equipment such as vehicle lifts, balancers, aligners, and other common machinery in such work environments. The data collected from these machines are classified and processed using Artificial Intelligence, specifically Machine Learning, by employing a tabulation and interpretation algorithm alongside IoT (Internet of Things) through the instrumentation of these machines with sensors appropriate to their mechanical operation. This facilitates and enables the creation of predictive maintenance plans as well as operational schemes that help reduce operational costs, maintenance expenses, and energy consumption of the workshop equipment. The system innovatively uses a modular approach without requiring intervention or modification of the machines, allowing their interconnectivity with a computer that automatically manages the collected data. This results in a clear view of the usage of each component, providing critical information for generating predictive maintenance strategies.

Resumen: El propósito de este documento es dar a conocer la problemática existente por una falta de conocimiento del estado real de la maquinaria y del monitoreo preciso de un taller de mecánica exprés que se compone por elementos de mantenimiento mecánico tales como elevadores de vehículos, balanceadora, alineadora, entre otras las maquinarias más comunes en este tipo de centros de trabajo, estos datos son clasificados y procesados utilizando inteligencia artificial como Machine Learning al emplear un algoritmo de tabulación e interpretación y conjuntamente IoT (internet de las cosas) a través de la instrumentación de dichas máquinas con sensores acordes a su tipo de funcionamiento mecánico, esto facilita y permite generar planes de mantenimiento predictivo al igual que esquemas operativos que permitirán disminuir el costo operacional, costos de mantenimiento y consumo energético de la indumentaria del taller, utilizando de manera innovadora un sistema modular sin necesidad de intervenir o modificar las mismas, que permite la interconectividad de la maquinaria con un ordenador que gestione la data recogida de manera automática dando como resultado una visión clara del uso de cada componente, esta información es clave para la generación de un mantenimiento predictivo.

ABSTRACT: Buccal mucosal grafts are versatile in medical practice, documented minimally despite potential in otolaryngology, ophthalmology, dermatology, plastic surgery and urology. They offer advantages such as being hairless, easily obtained, and infection-resistant, with a thin, highly vascularized epithelial layer aiding absorption and reducing contracture risk. Complications from oral donor sites, like pain and sensory changes, are known, relevant in conditions such as Fournier's gangrene, necessitating urgent surgical intervention and often reconstruction. We present a case report of a 45-year-old male with Fournier's gangrene treated jointly by urology and maxillofacial surgery. Buccal mucosal grafts were harvested from the inner cheek mucosa for simultaneous urethral reconstruction. The procedure preserved the parotid duct, obtaining a graft comprising mucosal, submucosal, and glandular tissues, applied to the urethral defect with bovine dermis coverage. Postoperative recovery was uneventful, with successful catheter removal in 2 weeks and complete donor site healing in 6 months. Buccal mucosal grafts prove effective in complex reconstruction, offering structural integrity and minimal morbidity. Despite challenges like graft contraction and limited tissue availability in severe cases, buccal mucosal grafts are favored for reliability and patient satisfaction in reconstructive needs, notably urethral reconstruction. The evidence shows a high success rate in most of the uses of buccal mucosal grafts, so it is recommended as an effective and safe graft for extraoral reconstructions, particularly urethral reconstruction, where the Maxillofacial Surgeon is part of the interdisciplinary team. Awareness of potential complications and procedural limitations ensures optimal outcomes and patient care.

RESUMEN: Los injertos de mucosa bucal son versátiles en la práctica médica, documentados mínimamente a pesar de su potencial en otorrinolaringología, oftalmología, dermatología, cirugía plástica y urología. Ofrecen ventajas como la ausencia de vello, facilidad de obtención y resistencia a infecciones, con una capa epitelial delgada y altamente vascularizada que favorece la absorción y reduce el riesgo de contractura. Se conocen complicaciones de los sitios donantes orales, como dolor y cambios sensoriales, que son relevantes en condiciones como la gangrena de Fournier, que requieren intervención quirúrgica urgente y a menudo reconstrucción. Presentamos el reporte de caso de un hombre de 45 años con gangrena de Fournier tratado de manera conjunta por Urología y Cirugía maxilofacial. Se obtuvo injertos de mucosa bucal de la mucosa interna de la mejilla para la reconstrucción uretral simultánea. El procedimiento preservó el conducto parotídeo, obteniendo un injerto que comprendía tejidos mucosos, submucosos y glandulares, aplicado al defecto uretral con cobertura de dermis bovina. La recuperación postoperatoria curso sin complicaciones, con la retirada exitosa del catéter a las 2 semanas y la completa cicatrización del sitio donante en 6 meses. Los injertos de mucosa bucal demuestran ser efectivos en reconstrucciones complejas, ofreciendo integridad estructural y mínima morbilidad. A pesar de los desafíos, como la contracción del injerto y la disponibilidad limitada de tejido en casos severos, los injertos de mucosa bucal son preferidos por su fiabilidad y satisfacción del paciente en necesidades reconstructivas, especialmente en la reconstrucción uretral. La evidencia muestra una alta tasa de éxito en la mayoría de los usos de injertos de mucosa bucal, por lo que se recomienda como un injerto eficaz y seguro para reconstrucciones extraorales, particularmente en la reconstrucción uretral, donde el cirujano maxilofacial forma parte del equipo interdisciplinario. La conciencia sobre las posibles complicaciones y limitaciones del procedimiento asegura resultados óptimos y un adecuado cuidado del paciente.

Resumo Introdução: Nova estratégia de terapia de indução com dose única de 3 mg/kg de globulina antitimócitos de coelho (r-ATG) mostrou menor incidência de rejeição aguda. Métodos: O objetivo foi utilizar dados do mundo real para determinar a razão de custo-efetividade incremental (RCEI) da indução com r-ATG para prevenção da rejeição aguda (RA) no primeiro ano pós-transplante renal e para sobrevida do enxerto renal em 1, 4 e 10 anos pós-transplante, sob a perspectiva do sistema nacional de saúde pública. Desenvolveu-se um modelo de transição de estado de Markov utilizando dados do mundo real extraídos de faturas médicas de um único centro. A população do estudo consistiu em adultos com baixo risco imunológico submetidos ao primeiro transplante, recebendo rins de doadores vivos ou falecidos. A intervenção de indução com r-ATG foi comparada à não-indução. Os desfechos clínicos considerados para essa análise foram rejeição aguda, infecção/doença por citomegalovírus, óbito, perda do enxerto e retransplante. Resultados: Análise de custo-efetividade no primeiro ano revelou que o grupo r-ATG foi mais custo-efetivo, com RCEI de US$ 399,96 por episódio de RA evitado, ganho de efetividade de 0,01 ano na sobrevida do enxerto e custo incremental total de US$ 147,50. As análises de 4 e 10 anos revelaram ganho de efetividade de 0,06 e 0,16 anos na sobrevida do enxerto no grupo de indução com r-ATG e custo incremental total de US$ −321,68 e US$ −2.440,62, respectivamente. Conclusão: A dose única de 3 mg/kg de r-ATG é custo-efetiva na prevenção de episódios de RA e dominante no longo prazo do transplante, conferindo ganho de sobrevida. Introdução mgkg mg kg rATG r ATG (r-ATG Métodos custoefetividade (RCEI (RA póstransplante pós transplante 1 póstransplante, pública Desenvolveuse Desenvolveu se centro falecidos nãoindução. nãoindução não indução. não-indução infecçãodoença infecção doença citomegalovírus óbito retransplante Resultados custoefetivo, custoefetivo efetivo, efetivo custo-efetivo US 39996 399 96 399,9 evitado 001 0 01 0,0 14750 147 50 147,50 006 06 016 16 0,1 32168 321 68 −321,6 244062 2 440 62 −2.440,62 respectivamente Conclusão custoefetiva efetiva 3999 39 9 399, 00 0, 1475 14 5 147,5 3216 32 6 −321, 24406 44 −2.440,6 147, −321 2440 −2.440, −32 244 −2.440 −3 24 −2.44 − −2.4 −2. −2

Abstract Background: A new induction therapy strategy of a single 3 mg/kg dose of rabbit antithymocyte globulin (r-ATG) showed a lower incidence of acute rejection. Methods: The objective of this study was to use real-world data to determine the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of r-ATG induction for the prevention of acute rejection (AR) in the first year following kidney transplantation and for kidney graft survival over 1, 4, and 10 years of post-transplantation from the perspective of the national public healthcare system. A Markov state transition model was developed utilizing real-world data extracted from medical invoices from a single center. The study population consisted of adults at low immunological risk undergoing their initial transplantation and received kidneys from either living or deceased donors. The intervention of r-ATG induction was compared to no induction. The clinical outcomes considered for this analysis were acute rejection, cytomegalovirus infection/disease, death, graft loss, and retransplantation. Results: The cost-effectiveness analysis in the first year revealed that the r-ATG group was more cost-effective, with an ICER of US$ 399.96 per avoided AR episode, an effectiveness gain of 0.01 year in graft survival and a total incremental cost of US$ 147.50. The 4- and 10-year analyses revealed an effectiveness gain of 0.06 and 0.16 years in graft survival in the r-ATG induction group, and a total incremental cost of US$ −321.68 and US$ −2,440.62, respectively. Conclusion: The single 3 mg/kg dose of r-ATG is cost-effective in preventing acute rejection episodes and dominant in the long term of transplantation, conferring survival gain. Background mgkg mg kg rATG r ATG (r-ATG Methods realworld real world costeffectiveness (ICER (AR 1 4 posttransplantation post system center donors infectiondisease infection disease infection/disease death loss retransplantation Results costeffective, costeffective effective, effective US 39996 399 96 399.9 episode 001 0 01 0.0 14750 147 50 147.50 10year 006 06 016 16 0.1 32168 321 68 −321.6 244062 2 440 62 −2,440.62 respectively Conclusion 3999 39 9 399. 00 0. 1475 14 5 147.5 3216 32 6 −321. 24406 44 −2,440.6 147. −321 2440 −2,440. −32 244 −2,440 −3 24 −2,44 − −2,4 −2, −2

Resumo Introdução: egundo evidências recentes, os programas baseados em mindfulness (PBM) melhoram o bem-estar geral e a capacidade de lidar com a insuficiência renal e os fatores de estresse na hemodiálise. Entretanto, PBM intradialíticos são pouco investigados. Objetivo: Descrever o protocolo do estudo, avaliar a viabilidade e efeitos percebidos do Programa Hemomindful. Métodos: Os resultados apresentados são de um ensaio clínico randomizado de métodos mistos. Trinta e dois adultos com insuficiência renal foram randomizados para o Programa Hemomindful, que consiste em 8 sessões individuais semanais de 1 hora realizadas na cadeira durante a hemodiálise, combinadas com o tratamento usual (TAU), ou TAU isolado. A viabilidade foi avaliada conforme retenção do protocolo, adesão ao Programa Hemomindful, sua segurança e satisfação do participante. Realizamos entrevistas semiestruturadas com participantes do braço de intervenção imediatamente após o tratamento. Dados foram analisados utilizando estatísticas descritivas e análise textual discursiva. Resultados: A taxa geral de adesão ao protocolo foi de 84,38%. Entre os participantes do Programa (n = 16), 15 realizaram quatro ou mais sessões (93,7%) e 12 completaram o protocolo (75%). O grau de importância atribuído à intervenção foi 8,58 (DP = 2,06) e a intenção de manter as práticas formais e informais de mindfulness após a intervenção foi 6,67 (DP = 2,93) e 8,5 (DP = 2,31). A análise qualitativa indicou satisfação com as mudanças percebidas (maior consciência nas atividades diárias, menor reatividade, manejo da dor e desconforto) e com a estrutura do programa. Conclusão: O Programa Hemomindful apresentou indicadores positivos de viabilidade, com boa retenção, aceitabilidade e segurança. Introdução recentes (PBM bemestar bem estar hemodiálise Entretanto investigados Objetivo estudo Métodos mistos TAU, , (TAU) isolado participante discursiva Resultados 8438 84 38 84,38% n 16, 16 16) 93,7% 937 93 7 (93,7% 75%. 75 75% . (75%) 858 58 DP 2,06 206 2 06 667 6 67 6,6 2,93 293 85 5 8, 2,31. 231 2,31 31 2,31) maior diárias reatividade desconforto programa Conclusão (TAU 843 3 84,38 93,7 9 (93,7 (75% 2,0 20 0 66 6, 2,9 29 23 2,3 84,3 93, (93, (75 2, 84, (93 (7 (9 (

Abstract Introduction: Recent evidence indicates that mindfulness-based programs (MBPs) improve overall well-being and the ability to cope with kidney failure and hemodialysis stressors. However, intradialytic MBPs are poorly investigated. Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the study protocol, evaluate the feasibility and perceived effects of the Hemomindful Program. Methods: The results presented are from a mixed-methods randomized controlled trial. Thirty-two adults with kidney failure were randomized into the Hemomindful Program, which consisting of 8 weekly individual sessions of 1 hour delivered at chairside during hemodialysis combined with the treatment as usual (TAU), or TAU alone. Feasibility was assessed based on retention of the study protocol, adherence to the Hemomindful Program, its safety, and participant satisfaction. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with participants in the intervention arm immediately following treatment. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and discursive textual analysis. Results: The overall rate of adherence to the study protocol was 84.38%. Among the participants in the Hemomindful Program (n = 16), 15 had four or more sessions (93.7%) and 12 completed the protocol (75%). Degree of importance attributed to the intervention was 8.58 (SD = 2.06) and intention to maintain the formal and informal mindfulness practices after the intervention was 6.67 (SD = 2.93) and 8.5 (SD = 2.31). The qualitative analysis indicated satisfaction with the perceived changes (greater awareness in daily activities, less reactivity, management of pain and discomfort) and the structure of the program. Conclusion: The Hemomindful Program showed positive indicators of feasibility, with good retention, acceptability and safety. Introduction mindfulnessbased (MBPs wellbeing well being stressors However investigated Objective Methods mixedmethods mixed methods trial Thirtytwo Thirty two TAU, , (TAU) alone safety Semistructured Semi structured Results 8438 84 38 84.38% n 16, 16 16) 93.7% 937 93 7 (93.7% 75%. 75 75% . (75%) 858 58 SD 2.06 206 2 06 667 6 67 6.6 2.93 293 85 5 8. 2.31. 231 2.31 31 2.31) greater activities reactivity discomfort program Conclusion (TAU 843 3 84.38 93.7 9 (93.7 (75% 2.0 20 0 66 6. 2.9 29 23 2.3 84.3 93. (93. (75 2. 84. (93 (7 (9 (

Inclusive curriculum transformation is crucial in Higher Education (HE). Decolonisation is considered a necessary intervention that offers opportunities to reimagine curricula, broaden access, and foster inclusivity. However, the full potential of decolonisation remains untapped due to contradictory perceptions and the absence of substantive decolonial theory. This scoping review explored how the decolonisation of Health Sciences curricula can be used as a vehicle for transformation in HE. A systematic search of online academic databases was conducted and included 31 relevant articles. Deductive and inductive coding was used to analyse the data, through which 14 decolonial actions were identified and presented as an action framework. By identifying and organising the main concepts used in the literature and proposing an action framework to decolonise curricula within the field of Health Sciences, this study contributes to the ongoing discourse of how decolonisation can be used to bring about transformation in HE. CONTRIBUTION: Findings contribute to the development of decolonial theory and highlight the benefits of decolonising Health Sciences curricula. This scoping review sets the stage for further research to build on this action framework, develop practical guidelines to guide curriculum change and evaluate and measure decolonisation efforts

This article reports on the longitudinal effect of career construction counselling on a black female student experiencing career indecision. Purposive sampling was used to select an adolescent experiencing career indecision. An integrative, QUALITATIVE-quantitative methodology was employed as the research lens, and a longitudinal, seven-year, explanatory, single-participant study design was adopted. The Career Construction Interview (CCI), the Career Interest Profile (CIP), and the Maree Career Matrix (MCM) were used to elicit the participant's many micro-life stories and key life themes and to co-construct her future career-life story narrative. Adapted thematic data analysis incorporating the analytic style proposed by Savickas was carried out to analyse the data reflexively. In the short term, the participant's psychological self as a social actor was enhanced by confirming her career choice, and her psychological self as a motivated agent was promoted by bolstering her goal-setting capacity and sense of self. Longitudinally, her self-and career identity was clarified and her sense of hope rekindled (the self as an autobiographical author was strengthened). Future research should examine the short- and longer-term effects of the approach described here in diverse career counselling contexts. More information is needed on when drawing on the CCI as a standalone assessment intervention may suffice.

RESUMO Estudos contemporâneos explicitam como a sexualidade é uma dimensão contextual e relacional da vida humana. Essa leitura de sexualidade tem colocado, paulatinamente, novos desafios às noções relativas à saúde, mas também, por extensão, tensionado o campo da garantia de direitos humanos fundamentais. Não por acaso, entidades internacionais e nacionais têm apontado a necessidade de intervenções psicossociais em contexto educativo, como espaço estratégico de garantia de direitos na interface com a sexualidade. Diante da necessidade, verificada na literatura internacional, de intervenções longitudinais, contextuais e não restritivas a uma leitura fisicalista de sexualidade, o presente estudo se propõe a apresentar a adaptação para o Brasil do protocolo de intervenção South Africa and Tanzania (SATZ). Tendo em vista adequações realizadas na presente adaptação, contemplando uma maior abertura para dissidências de gênero e sexualidade, maior ênfase em aspectos dialógicos e participação da comunidade escolar, a SATZ-BR se mostra em consonância com os direitos humanos, com a Agenda 2030 para o Desenvolvimento Sustentável e com as diretrizes do plano nacional curricular brasileiro.

ABSTRACT Contemporary studies explain how sexuality is a contextual and relational dimension of human life. This reading of sexuality has gradually posed new challenges to notions relating to health but has also, by extension, put tension in the field of the guarantee of fundamental human rights. It is no coincidence that international and national entities have highlighted the need for psychosocial interventions in an educational context, as a strategic space for guaranteeing rights at the interface with sexuality. Given the need, verified in international literature, for longitudinal, contextual interventions that are not restrictive to a physicalist reading of sexuality, the present study aims to present the adaptation of the intervention protocol South Africa and Tanzania (SATZ) for Brazil. In view of the adjustments made in this adaptation, including greater openness to gender and sexuality dissent, greater emphasis on dialogic aspects, and participation of the school community, SATZ-BR is in line with human rights, with the 2030 Agenda for Development Sustainable and with the guidelines of the Brazilian national curricular plan.

RESUMEN La investigación se centró en la implementación de una estrategia didáctica innovadora basada en metodologías activas, destinada a mejorar el desarrollo del pensamiento crítico en estudiantes de la Carrera de Educación de la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Humanísticas y de la Educación de la Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí. A través de una intervención con una muestra de 42 estudiantes, se buscó fomentar la participación activa y el aprendizaje colaborativo mediante el uso de enfoques que estimulan la reflexión y la toma de decisiones informadas. Se utilizaron herramientas estadísticas para evaluar la efectividad de la estrategia, incluyendo un análisis del coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach y el test t de muestras emparejadas. Los resultados mostraron mejoras significativas en las habilidades de pensamiento crítico de los estudiantes tras la implementación de la estrategia, lo que sugiere un impacto positivo en su aprendizaje. Además, la estrategia fue validada por un panel de expertos, quienes respaldaron su pertinencia y efectividad en relación con los objetivos educativos actuales. Los hallazgos indican que la incorporación de metodologías activas no solo potencia el desarrollo de competencias críticas, sino que también mejora el clima educativo. La investigación resalta la importancia de capacitar a los docentes y establecer planes de sostenibilidad para garantizar la continuidad de estas prácticas en el tiempo.

ABSTRACT The research focused on the implementation of an innovative teaching strategy based on active methodologies, aimed at improving the development of critical thinking in students of the Education Degree of the Faculty of Social, Humanistic and Educational Sciences of the State University of the South of Manabí. Through an intervention with a sample of 42 students, the aim was to promote active participation and collaborative learning by using approaches that stimulate reflection and informed decision-making. Statistical tools were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the strategy, including an analysis of Cronbach's Alpha coefficient and the paired samples t-test. The results showed significant improvements in students' critical thinking skills after the implementation of the strategy, suggesting a positive impact on their learning. In addition, the strategy was validated by a panel of experts, who supported its relevance and effectiveness in relation to current educational objectives. The findings indicate that the incorporation of active methodologies not only enhances the development of critical competencies, but also improves the educational climate. The research highlights the importance of training teachers and establishing sustainability plans to ensure the continuity of these practices over time.

RESUMEN Este estudio examina cómo cambian las emociones de futuros maestros hacia los contenidos científicos (seres vivos y ecosistemas) al participar en una intervención indagatoria en la construcción de hoteles en un Parque Natural de España. La muestra incluyó alumnos del Grado de Maestro en Educación Primaria de la Universidad de Huelva matriculados en una asignatura de didáctica de las ciencias. Se utilizó un cuestionario tipo Likert para medir la intensidad de catorce emociones en tres momentos: antes, durante y después de la intervención. También se realizaron entrevistas, observaciones y narrativas para identificar las causas del cambio. Los resultados indicaron un aumento significativo en emociones positivas, especialmente la satisfacción, y una disminución en emociones negativas, como el aburrimiento. Este cambio se atribuye a la naturaleza biológica de los temas y su integración en el Conocimiento Didáctico del Contenido. Se recomienda incorporar la educación emocional en la formación inicial de maestros para promover la autorregulación y el aprendizaje emocional.

RESUMO Este estudo examina como mudam as emoções de futuros professores em relação aos conteúdos científicos (seres vivos e ecossistemas) ao participar de uma intervenção investigativa na construção de hotéis em um Parque Natural da Espanha. A amostra incluiu alunos do curso de Licenciatura em Educação Primária da Universidade de Huelva, inscritos em uma disciplina de didática das ciências. Utilizou-se um questionário tipo Likert para medir a intensidade de quatorze emoções em três momentos: antes, durante e depois da intervenção. Também foram realizadas entrevistas, observações e narrativas para identificar as causas da mudança. Os resultados indicaram um aumento significativo nas emoções positivas, especialmente a satisfação, e uma diminuição nas emoções negativas, como o tédio. Essa mudança é atribuída à natureza biológica dos temas e sua integração no Conhecimento Didático do Conteúdo. Recomenda-se incorporar a educação emocional na formação inicial de professores para promover a autorregulação e a aprendizagem emocional.

ABSTRACT This study examines how the emotions of future teachers towards scientific content (living beings and ecosystems) change when participating in an inquiry-based intervention focused on building hotels in a Natural Park in Spain. The sample included students from the Primary Education Teaching Degree at the University of Huelva, participating in a science didactics course. A Likert-type questionnaire was used to measure the intensity of fourteen emotions at three moments: before, during, and after the intervention. Additionally, interviews, observations, and narratives were conducted to identify the causes that justify the change. The results show that positive emotions recorded the highest intensities at all three moments. There was an increase in all positive emotions, with satisfaction being particularly significant. All negative emotions decreased, especially boredom. Moreover, the change is attributed to the biological nature of the topics and their integration into Pedagogical Content Knowledge. Initial training should incorporate emotional education into a professional knowledge model that includes self-regulation strategies to facilitate emotional maturity and learning.

BACKGROUND: South African psychiatric hospitals' inpatient average length of stay is approximately 220 days. Inpatient care accounts for over 80% of the mental national healthcare budget. However, there is limited research on factors associated with length of stay (LOS) in tertiary psychiatric hospitals. AIM: To determine the threshold for long-stay and describe the socio-demographic and clinical profile of long-stay patients admitted to a tertiary psychiatric hospital. SETTING: Townhill Hospital: a tertiary psychiatric hospital in Pietermaritzburg, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. METHODS: A retrospective review of clinical records of admissions between January 2019 and January 2020 was conducted. Information on LOS, sociodemographic and clinical factors was collected. The interquartile range (IQR) of LOS in days was calculated, with patients above 75th percentile classified as long-stay patients. RESULTS: In total, 326 records were included. The 75th percentile LOS was 120 days. Eighty-three patients (25.46%) had a stay of 120 days or longer. The median LOS was 73 (IQR 49-120) days. Factors associated with long-stay included being male (p < 0.001), a psychotic disorder diagnosis (p = 0.019), receiving a disability grant (p = 0.050), involuntary admission (p = 0.010) and multiple readmissions (p = 0.010). CONCLUSION: Psychotic disorders and associated factors are key contributors to long-stay hospitalisations. CONTRIBUTION: This study highlights the burden of inpatient care for psychotic disorders and the need for interventions that optimise care and promote remission. To reduce the economic impact of prolonged hospitalisations, early intervention and enhanced community-based mental healthcare services focused on psychotic disorders are recommended.

BACKGROUND: In resource-limited emergency settings, blood testing is crucial for diagnostics but can lead to financial strain and diagnostic challenges if used indiscriminately. This quality improvement project (QIP) aimed to identify commonly requested blood tests in an emergency department (ED), assess their appropriateness, and establish evidence-based guidelines for judicious use. This project was conducted during the family medicine rotation of interns at a tertiary hospital in a semi-urban area. METHODS: The Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) method was employed. Pre- and post-intervention data were collected. An educational intervention, featuring informative visual aids was implemented to help guide the medical practitioners in the unit on appropriate blood test ordering RESULTS: The intervention led to a significant 48.7% reduction in total daily blood tests ordered, with a notable decrease in full-panel requests and an increase in individual test ordering. CONCLUSION: Educational interventions, aimed at guiding blood test requests, can significantly reduce unnecessary testing. Long-term data collection is necessary to confirm sustained changes in practice. CONTRIBUTION: Our findings indicate that clear, evidence-based guidelines for the judicious use of blood tests can positively impact test ordering, particularly in resource-limited settings, and suggest opportunities for further long-term studies.

In this article we report on the initial professional discourse on teaching natural science (NS) in the Foundation Phase among a sample of novice teachers in the Western Cape province of South Africa. The sample comprised 7 novice teachers (NTs) with 3 or fewer years of teaching experience. We investigated the NTs preparedness to teach NS, exploring their interpretation of the foundation phase (FP) life skills (LS) curriculum and assessment policy statement (CAPS). We identified and examined gaps in the NTs' understanding and knowledge of teaching NS to formulate an intervention programme (IP), and an 8-week IP integrating theoretical and practical elements was subsequently developed. The data collection instruments included a questionnaire, semi-structured interviews and classroom observations. Inductive and deductive analysis were employed in coding the data, defining common trends and categorising these into themes. The findings highlight the teachers' lack of content knowledge (CK), pedagogical knowledge (PK) and pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) for NS teaching. The study underscores the need for effective approaches to teaching NS, such as a pedagogy of inquiry with specific strategies to foreground learner agency. Instruction in these approaches should be incorporated into teacher training curricula at higher education institutions (HEIs), which is recommended as a topic for future research.