Abstract: In 2015, the 2030 Agenda came into effect, establishing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This replaced the millennium agenda and goals of 2000, given the global challenges and new problems, and the need for a sustainability focus. The 2030 agenda comprises 17 objectives, and this paper focuses on goal 16, which centers around the creation and consolidation of strong and efficient institutions that promote access to justice, peace, and sustainability. Specifically, it addresses Target 16.6, linked to active transparency and access to information. Mexico is one of the countries committed to achieving the SDGs, and this commitment extends beyond the national government to include the states and municipalities. The state of Oaxaca aligned its development plan with the 2030 Agenda and the SDGs, as did the municipalities. Therefore, transparency and access to information are not just a legal obligation but also a commitment to the consolidation of the rule of law, starting from the closest level of government to society. Accordingly, the objective of this paper is to describe how the municipalities of the state of Oaxaca have fulfilled SDG 16 and Target 16.6 of the 2030 Agenda, related to transparent institutions. Therefore, the objective of this work is to describe how municipalities in the state of Oaxaca have fulfilled SDG 16 and target 16.6 of the 2030 Agenda, regarding institutional transparency. It is concluded that, in this initial stage, municipalities have achieved varying levels of active transparency through the internet and that they can become more transparent by evolving towards focused and collaborative transparency.

Resumen: En 2015, entró en vigor la Agenda 2030, en la cual se establecieron los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS). Esto reemplazó a la agenda y los objetivos del milenio de 2000, debido a los nuevos desafíos y problemas mundiales, así como a la necesidad de un enfoque sostenible. La Agenda 2030 consta de 17 objetivos, y este trabajo se centra en el objetivo número 16, el cual se enfoca en la creación y consolidación de instituciones fuertes y eficientes que promuevan el acceso a la justicia, la paz y la sostenibilidad. En particular, se aborda la meta 16.6, relacionada con la transparencia activa y el acceso a la información. México es uno de los países que se comprometió a cumplir con los ODS, y no solo el gobierno nacional, sino también las entidades federativas y los municipios asumieron dicho compromiso. El estado de Oaxaca alineó su plan de desarrollo con la Agenda 2030 y los ODS, al igual que los municipios. De esta manera, la transparencia y el acceso a la Información no son solo una obligación legal, sino también un compromiso para consolidar un Estado de derecho que se inicie desde el ámbito de gobierno más cercano a la sociedad. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este trabajo es describir cómo los municipios del estado de Oaxaca han cumplido con el ODS 16 y la meta 16.6 de la Agenda 2030, en relación con la transparencia institucional. Se concluye que en esta etapa inicial los municipios han cumplido, aunque de manera desigual la transparencia activa a través de Internet, y que se puede ser más transparente si se evoluciona a la transparencia focalizada y colaborativa.

Abstract: Detection and segmentation of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV2 or COVID-19) is a difficult task due the different kinds of shapes, sizes and positions of the injury. Medical institutions have vast challenges because there is an urgent need for efficient tools to improve the diagnosis of COVID-19 patients. Computer tomography images (CT) are necessary for medical specialists to diagnose the patient’s condition. Nevertheless, there is a lack of both in Medical Centers, mainly in rural areas. The manual analysis of CT images is time-consuming; in addition, most images have low contrast, and it is possible to find blood vessels in the background, so the difficulty of a suitable diagnosis increases. Nowadays, deep learning methods are an alternative method to perform the detection and segmentation task. In this work, we propose a novel light model to detect and identify COVID-19 using CT images: MiniCovid-Unet. It is an improved version of U-net; main differences reside on the decoder and encoder architecture, MiniCovid-Unet needs fewer convolution layers and filters because it focuses only on COVID-19 images. Also, as a result of employing fewer parameters, it can be trained in less time, and the resulting model is light enough to be downloaded to a mobile device. In this way, it is possible to have a quick and confident diagnosis in remote areas, where there exists an absence of internet connection and medical specialists.

ABSTRACT Objective: To verify the evolution of the availability of information and communication technology equipment and inputs in primary health care services that participated in the external evaluation of the Access and Quality Improvement Program in Primary Care and its distribution according to context characteristics social and geographic. Methods: Cross-sectional study, analyzed the distribution of information and communication technology equipment in basic health units in Brazil, during the three cycles (2012 to 2018) of the Program for Improving Access and Quality in Primary Care. The variables were examined at the municipal level and stratified by geopolitical region. Univariate analysis was performed, using the chi-square test and testing the distributions of exposures among themselves and between the outcome and exposures. Results: The availability of information and communication technology equipment increased from 9.4% (2012) to 17.5% (2018), with emphasis on the Southeast and South regions, in municipalities with a population size of up to 10,000 inhabitants², with greater family health coverage and high/very high HDI-M. Over the period from 2012 to 2018, basic units joined the program and increased availability of information and communication technologies, such as Internet access, which ranged from 45.2% (n=6,249) to 74.0% (n=21,423), with emphasis on the Northeast region, which increased from 19.1% (n=970) to 58.8% (n=7,087). Conclusion: Investment in technologies and constant evaluation of primary care in the country is necessary, contributing to its strengthening. Objective geographic Methods Crosssectional Cross sectional study Brazil (201 2018 region performed chisquare chi square Results 94 9 4 9.4 175 17 5 17.5 , (2018) regions 10000 10 000 10,00 inhabitants² inhabitants highvery very HDIM. HDIM HDI M. M HDI-M 201 access 452 45 2 45.2 n=6,249 n6249 n 6 249 (n=6,249 740 74 0 74.0 n=21,423, n21423 n=21,423 21 423 (n=21,423) 191 19 1 19.1 n=970 n970 970 (n=970 588 58 8 58.8 n=7,087. n7087 n=7,087 . 7 087 (n=7,087) Conclusion necessary strengthening (20 9. 17. (2018 1000 00 10,0 20 45. n=6,24 n624 24 (n=6,24 74. n2142 n=21,42 42 (n=21,423 19. n=97 n97 97 (n=97 58. n708 n=7,08 08 (n=7,087 (2 100 10, n=6,2 n62 (n=6,2 n214 n=21,4 (n=21,42 n=9 n9 (n=9 n70 n=7,0 (n=7,08 ( n=6, n6 (n=6, n21 n=21, (n=21,4 n= (n= n7 n=7, (n=7,0 n=6 (n=6 n2 n=21 (n=21, (n n=7 (n=7, n=2 (n=21 (n=7 (n=2

RESUMO Objetivo: Verificar a evolução da disponibilidade de equipamentos e insumos de tecnologia de informação e comunicação nos serviços de Atenção Primária à Saúde que participaram da avaliação externa do Programa de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade na Atenção Básica e sua distribuição de acordo com características do contexto social e geográfico. Métodos: Estudo transversal, que analisou a distribuição de equipamentos de tecnologia de informação e comunicação nas unidades básicas de saúde do Brasil, durante os três ciclos (2012 a 2018) do Programa de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade na Atenção Básica. As variáveis foram examinadas no nível dos municípios e estratificadas por região geopolítica. Realizou-se análise univariada, com o uso do teste χ2 e teste das distribuições das exposições entre si e entre o desfecho e as exposições. Resultados: A disponibilidade do conjunto de equipamentos de tecnologias de informação e comunicação evoluiu de 9,4% (2012) para 17,5% (2018), com destaque às Regiões Sudeste e Sul, em municípios com porte populacional de até 10 mil hab.², com maior cobertura de saúde da família e índice de desenvolvimento humano municipal — IDH-M alto/muito alto. Ao longo do período de 2012 a 2018, houve adesão de unidades básicas ao programa e aumento na disponibilidade de tecnologias de informação e comunicação, como o acesso à internet, que foi de 45,2% (n=6.249) a 74,0% (n=21.423), com destaque para a Região Nordeste com aumento de 19,1% (n=970) a 58,8% (n=7.087). Conclusão: São necessários o investimento em tecnologias e a constante avaliação da atenção primária no país, contribuindo para seu fortalecimento. Objetivo geográfico Métodos transversal Brasil (201 2018 geopolítica Realizouse Realizou se univariada χ Resultados 94 9 4 9,4 175 17 5 17,5 , (2018) Sul 1 hab² hab ² hab.² IDHM IDH M altomuito alto muito 201 internet 452 45 2 45,2 n=6.249 n6249 n 6 249 (n=6.249 740 74 0 74,0 n=21.423, n21423 n=21.423 21 423 (n=21.423) 191 19 19,1 n=970 n970 970 (n=970 588 58 8 58,8 n=7.087. n7087 n=7.087 . 7 087 (n=7.087) Conclusão país fortalecimento (20 9, 17, (2018 hab. 20 45, n=6.24 n624 24 (n=6.24 74, n2142 n=21.42 42 (n=21.423 19, n=97 n97 97 (n=97 58, n708 n=7.08 08 (n=7.087 (2 n=6.2 n62 (n=6.2 n214 n=21.4 (n=21.42 n=9 n9 (n=9 n70 n=7.0 (n=7.08 ( n=6. n6 (n=6. n21 n=21. (n=21.4 n= (n= n7 n=7. (n=7.0 n=6 (n=6 n2 n=21 (n=21. (n n=7 (n=7. n=2 (n=21 (n=7 (n=2

RESUMO Objetivo: Verificar a evolução da disponibilidade de equipamentos e insumos de tecnologia de informação e comunicação nos serviços de Atenção Primária à Saúde que participaram da avaliação externa do Programa de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade na Atenção Básica e sua distribuição de acordo com características do contexto social e geográfico. Métodos: Estudo transversal, que analisou a distribuição de equipamentos de tecnologia de informação e comunicação nas unidades básicas de saúde do Brasil, durante os três ciclos (2012 a 2018) do Programa de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade na Atenção Básica. As variáveis foram examinadas no nível dos municípios e estratificadas por região geopolítica. Realizou-se análise univariada, com o uso do teste χ2 e teste das distribuições das exposições entre si e entre o desfecho e as exposições. Resultados: A disponibilidade do conjunto de equipamentos de tecnologias de informação e comunicação evoluiu de 9,4% (2012) para 17,5% (2018), com destaque às Regiões Sudeste e Sul, em municípios com porte populacional de até 10 mil hab.², com maior cobertura de saúde da família e índice de desenvolvimento humano municipal — IDH-M alto/muito alto. Ao longo do período de 2012 a 2018, houve adesão de unidades básicas ao programa e aumento na disponibilidade de tecnologias de informação e comunicação, como o acesso à internet, que foi de 45,2% (n=6.249) a 74,0% (n=21.423), com destaque para a Região Nordeste com aumento de 19,1% (n=970) a 58,8% (n=7.087). Conclusão: São necessários o investimento em tecnologias e a constante avaliação da atenção primária no país, contribuindo para seu fortalecimento.

ABSTRACT Objective: To verify the evolution of the availability of information and communication technology equipment and inputs in primary health care services that participated in the external evaluation of the Access and Quality Improvement Program in Primary Care and its distribution according to context characteristics social and geographic. Methods: Cross-sectional study, analyzed the distribution of information and communication technology equipment in basic health units in Brazil, during the three cycles (2012 to 2018) of the Program for Improving Access and Quality in Primary Care. The variables were examined at the municipal level and stratified by geopolitical region. Univariate analysis was performed, using the chi-square test and testing the distributions of exposures among themselves and between the outcome and exposures. Results: The availability of information and communication technology equipment increased from 9.4% (2012) to 17.5% (2018), with emphasis on the Southeast and South regions, in municipalities with a population size of up to 10,000 inhabitants², with greater family health coverage and high/very high HDI-M. Over the period from 2012 to 2018, basic units joined the program and increased availability of information and communication technologies, such as Internet access, which ranged from 45.2% (n=6,249) to 74.0% (n=21,423), with emphasis on the Northeast region, which increased from 19.1% (n=970) to 58.8% (n=7,087). Conclusion: Investment in technologies and constant evaluation of primary care in the country is necessary, contributing to its strengthening.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Chronic pain and its relationship with sleep disturbance are common conditions with great influence on the individual’s quality of life. The simultaneous occurrence of these two entities results in greater suffering, reduced functionality and well-being. The objective of this research was to evaluate the influence of chronic pain on sleep and its impact on quality of life. METHODS: This is an observational, cross-sectional, individual, uncontrolled study carried out at the Multidisciplinary Pain Center of the Clinical Hospital of the Federal University of Minas Gerais (Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - HC-UFMG). The patients answered a semi-structured, face-to-face interview via the pain center’s own computer system (avaliaDor®), using internet-connected mobile devices. Socioeconomic and pain data was collected, and then instruments were applied to assess pain intensity (Visual Numerical Scale - VNS), quality of life (Medical Outcomes Study 36 - Short Form Health Survey - SF-36), presence of psychiatric disturbances (Hospital Depression Anxiety Scale - HAD) and sleep (Mini Sleep Questionnaire - MSQ). RESULTS: One hundred and three patients participated in the study. Seventy two percent were women, the median age was 55 years, and the patients were predominantly married, white and with a low level of schooling. Of the entire study population 74.76% presented “severe difficulty” in sleeping, while 22.33% had “good quality” sleep. Regarding pain intensity, patients in the moderate and severe pain groups had a higher percentage of “severe difficulty” in sleeping, when compared to patients with mild pain. About the presence of anxiety and depression, it was observed lower scores on: “restless sleep”, “tiredness for no apparent reason”, “wakes up with a headache”, “wakes up and goes back to sleep”, “wakes up tired in the morning”, and finally “wakes up and does not go back to sleep”. The general data from the SF-36 points to a low quality of life for the patients in the present study and, based on the multivariate analysis, the items “SF-36-Pain and SF-36-Vitalidade” were shown to be protective factors for the presence of sleep disturbances. CONCLUSION: Sleep disorders in patients with chronic pain are common and show a worsening in quality of life. The frequency of this disturbance was higher in patients with anxiety and depression compared to patients without these psychiatric disorders. The early identification of sleep disturbances in individuals with chronic pain is necessary to improve well-being. OBJECTIVES individual s suffering wellbeing. wellbeing well being. being well-being METHODS observational crosssectional, crosssectional cross sectional, sectional cross-sectional HCUFMG. HCUFMG HC UFMG . HC-UFMG) semistructured, semistructured semi structured, structured semi-structured facetoface face centers center avaliaDor®, avaliaDor avaliaDor® , (avaliaDor®) internetconnected internet connected devices collected Visual VNS, VNS VNS) Medical 3 SF36, SF36 SF SF-36) HAD Mini MSQ. MSQ MSQ) RESULTS women 5 years married schooling 7476 74 76 74.76 difficulty sleeping 2233 22 33 22.33 good restless sleep, sleep” tiredness reason, reason reason” wakes headache, headache headache” morning, morning morning” SF-3 analysis SF36Pain SFPain SF36Vitalidade SFVitalidade Vitalidade SF-36-Vitalidade CONCLUSION HC-UFMG (avaliaDor® SF3 747 7 74.7 223 2 22.3 SF- (avaliaDor 74. 22.

RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A dor crônica e os distúrbios do sono são condições comuns. A ocorrência simultânea dessas duas entidades resulta em maior sofrimento pessoal e redução do bem-estar e da funcionalidade. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a influência da dor crônica no sono e o seu impacto na qualidade de vida. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo observacional, transversal, individual e não controlado, realizado no Centro Multidisciplinar de Dor do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (HC-UFMG). Os pacientes responderam a uma entrevista semiestruturada, face a face, por meio do sistema de computador do próprio centro de dor (avaliaDor®), utilizando dispositivos móveis conectados à internet. Foram coletados dados socioeconômicos e de dor; em seguida foram aplicados instrumentos para avaliar a intensidade da dor (Escala Visual Numérica - EVN), a qualidade de vida (Medical Outcomes Study 36 - Short Form Health Survey - SF-36), a presença de distúrbios psiquiátricos (Escala Hospitalar de Ansiedade e Depressão - HAD) e o sono (Mini Sleep Questionnaire - MSQ). RESULTADOS Cento e três pacientes participaram do estudo. Setenta e dois por cento eram do sexo feminino, com mediana de idade de 55 anos, com predominância de brancos com baixo nível de escolaridade. De toda a população estudada, 74,76% dos participantes apresentaram “dificuldade grave” para dormir, enquanto 22,33% tiveram “boa qualidade” de sono. Em relação à intensidade da dor, os pacientes dos grupos de dor moderada e intensa apresentaram maior percentual de “dificuldade grave” para dormir quando comparados aos pacientes com dor leve. Em relação à presença de ansiedade e depressão, observou-se maior pontuação nos itens: “sono agitado”, “cansaço sem motivo aparente”, “acorda com dor de cabeça”, “acorda e volta a dormir”, “acorda cansado pela manhã” e, por fim, “acorda e não volta a dormir”. Os dados gerais do SF-36 apontam para uma baixa qualidade de vida dos doentes do presente estudo e, com base na análise multivariada, os itens “SF-36-Dor e SF-36-Vitalidade” revelaram-se fatores protetores da presença de perturbações do sono. CONCLUSÃO: Os distúrbios de sono em pacientes com dor crônica são comuns e determinam piora na qualidade de vida. A frequência desse distúrbio foi maior nos pacientes com ansiedade e depressão, em comparação com os pacientes que não apresentaram essas desordens psiquiátricas. A identificação precoce dos distúrbios do sono, em indivíduos com dor crônica, é fundamental para alcançar maior bem-estar. OBJETIVOS bemestar bem estar funcionalidade MÉTODOS Tratase Trata se observacional transversal controlado HCUFMG. HCUFMG HC UFMG . (HC-UFMG) semiestruturada avaliaDor®, avaliaDor avaliaDor® , (avaliaDor®) internet Escala EVN, EVN EVN) Medical 3 SF36, SF36 SF SF-36) HAD Mini MSQ. MSQ MSQ) feminino 5 anos escolaridade estudada 7476 74 76 74,76 dificuldade grave 2233 22 33 22,33 boa leve depressão observouse observou agitado, agitado agitado” cansaço aparente, aparente aparente” acorda cabeça, cabeça cabeça” dormir” manhã fim dormir. SF-3 multivariada SF36Dor SFDor SF36Vitalidade SFVitalidade Vitalidade SF-36-Vitalidade revelaramse revelaram CONCLUSÃO psiquiátricas bemestar. estar. (HC-UFMG (avaliaDor® SF3 747 7 74,7 223 2 22,3 SF- (avaliaDor 74, 22,

Resumen Este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar las percepciones sobre el efecto de las condiciones de trabajo en la salud y la labor profesional, que tiene el cuerpo docente de un centro público de educación técnico profesional, perteneciente a la Dirección General de Educación Técnico Profesional (DGETP) de Montevideo, Uruguay. Se ha indagado, específicamente, sobre las formas de trabajo durante la pandemia por la COVID-19 y cómo las condiciones de enseñanza remota de emergencia incidieron en la labor docente y la salud socioemocional. El diseño se basa en la metodología mixta de tipo convergente y se combinan datos provenientes de una encuesta aplicada a 171 docentes y otra realizada a 12 miembros del cuerpo docente del centro, entre noviembre y diciembre de 2021. Acerca de los resultados, estos indican que el desarrollo de las distintas actividades administrativas, así como los problemas de comunicación entre docentes y el equipo de gestión del centro corresponden a los principales factores estresores declarados por los y las docentes participantes. Con relación a las situaciones laborales surgidas en pandemia, las dificultades relacionadas con la conexión a internet y el estado de los dispositivos del estudiantado y la falta de apoyo desde la dirección e inspecciones fueron identificados como situaciones que han influido en la salud del cuerpo docente, provocando sentimientos de sobrecarga de trabajo, cansancio, estrés, desborde y angustia. Como recomendaciones, surge la necesidad de evaluar cómo el sistema educativo, en su generalidad, puede fortalecer las habilidades socioemocionales del profesorado en servicio y crear apoyos para atender aspectos relacionados al acompañamiento pedagógico-didáctico brindado por direcciones e inspecciones, con énfasis en las competencias digitales docentes.

Abstract This paper aims to present the perceptions about the effect of working conditions on the health and professional work of teachers in a public center for professional technical education, belonging to the General Directorate of Professional Technical Education (DGETP) of Montevideo, Uruguay. The researchers inquired both about working options during the COVID-19 pandemic and how emergency remote teaching conditions affected teaching and social-emotional health. Moreover, the investigators based the research design on the convergent-type mixed methodology and combined data from a survey applied to 171 teachers and another carried out with 12 members of the center's teaching staff, between November and December 2021. Regarding the results, these indicate that the development of different administrative tasks, as well as communication issues between teachers and the management team of the center represent the main stressors declared by the participating professors. Likewise, the work situations that arose as a consequence of the pandemic, the difficulties related to the Internet connection, the condition of the student's devices, and the lack of support from different instances impacted the teachers' health, causing feelings such as tiredness, stress, anguish, and burn-out syndrome. As recommendations, the researchers suggest evaluating how the educational system could strengthen the socio-emotional skills of in-service educators, and thus be able to address aspects related to the pedagogical-didactic support provided by departments and inspections, with an emphasis on teacher digital skills.

Aim: To identify the main benefits and limitations of applying technology in integrating prehospital care into the health network. Methodology: Systematic review based on the PRISMA statement, carried out between July and October 2020, databases used: Pubmed, BVSalud, Cinahl, Scielo, and Scopus with MeSH search engines: ["Emergency medical service"], ["prehospital, ["Technology"], ["System integration"], ["Intersectorial collaboration"], ["Telemedicine"], ["Emergencies technology"], ["Medical informatics"], and boolean operators AND, OR. Between 2010 and 2020, in English and Spanish. Theses, conference abstracts and editorials were excluded. Out of 4719 articles, 16 were selected according to the methodological quality Mixed Methods Appraisal Toll. Results: The Infoway Benefits Evaluation Framewor Model was used for the analysis. Benefits: Optimization of information between hospital centers and rescue teams, real-time access to patient records, early preparation of receiving hospitals. Consolidation of system productivity, minimization of waiting times, referrals, and patient transfers; Limitations: Problems with internet access and quality, unreliable technology providers, slow response, or difficulties with funding and privacy of the system, which generates frustration in the teams. Conclusions: The application of technology in integrating prehospital care into the health network generates benefits and should consider the use of information systems and user satisfaction to achieve integration with health systems, considering the limitations of the context.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Identificar los principales beneficios y limitaciones al aplicar la tecnología en la integración de la atención prehospitalaria a la red de salud. Metodología: Revisión sistemática basada en la declaración PRISMA, realizada entre julio y octubre del año 2020, bases de datos utilizada: Pubmed, BVSalud, Cinahl, Scielo y Scopus con los buscadores MeSH: ["Emergency medical service"], ["prehospital, ["Technology"], ["System integration"], ["Intersectorial collaboration"], ["Telemedicine"], ["Emergencies technology"], ["Medical informatics"], y operadores boleanos AND, OR. Entre los años 2010 al 2020, en idioma inglés y español. Se excluyeron tesis, resúmenes de congresos y editoriales. De 4719 artículos, se seleccionaron 16 de acuerdo con la calidad metodológica Mixed Methods Appraisal Toll. Resultados: Para el análisis se utilizó el Modelo Infoway Benefits Evaluation Framewor: Beneficios: Optimización de la información entre los centros hospitalarios y equipos de rescate, acceso en tiempo real a la ficha del paciente, preparación temprana de los hospitales receptores. Se consolida la productividad del sistema, minimización los tiempos de espera, de derivaciones y traslados de pacientes; Limitaciones: Problemas con el acceso y calidad de internet, proveedores de tecnología poco confiables, de lenta respuesta, o dificultades con el financiamiento y la privacidad del sistema lo que genera frustración en los equipos. Conclusiones: La aplicación de tecnología en la integración de la atención prehospitalaria a la red de salud, genera beneficios y debe considerar el uso de los sistemas de información y la satisfacción usuaria para lograr la integración con los sistemas de salud, considerando las limitaciones del contexto.

Abstract Within the analyses made with reference to the use and abuse of Information and Communication Technologies, there are several research applied to young people, since they are the group that most concentrates online consumption. However, little has been analyzed about the trends and reflections made in this regard by another population sector, not always different in age, but in their purposes and daily activities: teachers. As part of this work, a study with teachers from three colleges of the University of Guadalajara is shown, who offer their perception of consumption on the web based on the Internet Addiction Test developed by Kimberly Young. The results show, in general, a rational tendency in the use of technology, although there are some frequent indications in the case of the loss of awareness of the time of Internet use, to feel a certain degree of anxiety or nervousness when not connected or to consult social networks or mail before starting priority activities. This work reaffirms the need to deepen studies on the group of teachers of the study centers, since both their personal and professional affectation is of interest, as well as the role that technology plays for them and what message they give to the student communities they serve. Technologies people However sector age activities shown Young show general centers interest serve

Resumen Entre los análisis realizados con referencia al uso y abuso de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación existen diversos estudios aplicados a los más jóvenes, por ser el grupo que más concentra el consumo en línea. No obstante, poco se ha analizado sobre las tendencias y reflexiones realizadas al respecto por otro sector poblacional, no siempre diferente en edad, pero sí en sus propósitos y actividades cotidianas: los y las docentes. Como parte de este trabajo, se muestra un estudio hecho a docentes de tres centros universitarios de la Universidad de Guadalajara, quienes ofrecen su percepción sobre el consumo en la web a partir del Test de Uso de Internet elaborado por Kimberly Young. Los resultados muestran, en general, una tendencia racional en la utilización de la tecnología, aunque hay algunos indicios frecuentes en el caso de la pérdida de conciencia del tiempo de uso de internet, a sentir un cierto grado de ansiedad o nervios al no conectarse o así como a consultar redes sociales o el correo antes de iniciar actividades prioritarias. Este trabajo reafirma la necesidad de profundizar en estudios sobre el colectivo de docentes de los centros de estudio, ya que interesa tanto su afectación personal y profesional, como el papel que para ellos juega la tecnología y qué mensaje dan a las comunidades de estudiantes a las que atienden. jóvenes línea obstante poblacional edad cotidianas Guadalajara Young muestran general internet prioritarias profesional atienden

ABSTRACT Introduction: Brazil is a world leader in bariatric surgery. However, the actual number of surgeries performed in the country is still unknown. It is necessary to implement an instrument to monitor the quality of care provided. This study evaluated the implementation of a Bariatric Surgery Data Registry in Brazil. Methodology: the registry was developed with Dendrite Clinical Systems Ltd., with data collected prospectively on an internet-based software. Seven centers were selected based on surgical volume and data entry commitment. The project covered three years after system implementation. Results: 1,363 procedures performed by 17 surgeons were included. Most patients were female (67.2%), with average age of 39 years old and average baseline BMI of 41.5kg/m2. Diabetes mellitus was present in 34.5%, and hypertension in 40.1%. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass was performed in 79.3%, 95.5% by laparoscopy. There was one in-hospital death of cardiovascular cause. The average hospital stay was 2.03 days. The surgery-related complication rate was 0.97% in the first month, with three reoperations. Short-term follow-up was recorded in 75.6% and one-year follow-up in 21.64%. Total body weight loss was 10% in 30 days, rising to 33.3% after one year, with no difference between surgical techniques. Conclusions: the population profile was in accordance with the global registry of the International Federation for the Surgery of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders. The main difficulty encountered was low postoperative data entry. The experience acquired in this project will help advance data collection and knowledge of the safety and effectiveness of bariatric surgery in Brazil. Introduction However unknown provided Methodology Ltd Ltd. internetbased internet software commitment Results 1363 1 363 1,36 included 67.2%, 672 67.2% , 67 2 (67.2%) 3 415kgm2 kgm 41 5kg m2 kg m 41.5kg/m2 345 34 5 34.5% 401 40 40.1% RouxenY Roux en Y 793 79 79.3% 955 95 95.5 laparoscopy inhospital cause 203 03 2.0 days surgeryrelated related 097 0 97 0.97 month reoperations Shortterm Short term followup follow up 756 75 6 75.6 oneyear year 2164 21 64 21.64% 10 333 33 33.3 techniques Conclusions Disorders 136 36 1,3 67.2 (67.2% 415kgm 4 41.5kg/m 34.5 40.1 7 79.3 9 95. 20 2. 09 0.9 75. 216 21.64 33. 13 1, 67. (67.2 34. 40. 79. 0. 21.6 (67. 21. (67 (6 (

RESUMO Introdução: o Brasil é líder mundial em cirurgia bariátrica. No entanto, o número de cirurgias realizadas no país ainda é desconhecido. É necessário um instrumento para monitorar a qualidade da assistência prestada. Este estudo avaliou a implantação de um Registro de Dados de Cirurgia Bariátrica no Brasil. Metodologia: O registro foi desenvolvido com a Dendrite Clinical Systems Ltd., com dados coletados prospectivamente em software na internet. Sete centros foram selecionados, baseado no volume cirúrgico e compromisso de inserção de dados. O projeto abrangeu três anos após implementação. Resultados: foram incluídos 1.363 procedimentos realizados por 17 cirurgiões. A maioria dos pacientes eram mulheres (67,2%), com idade média de 39 anos e IMC basal médio de 41,5kg/m2. Diabetes mellitus estava presente em 34,5% e hipertensão em 40,1%. Bypass gástrico em Y de Roux foi realizado em 79,3%, 95,5% por laparoscopia. Houve um óbito hospitalar de causa cardiovascular. A média de permanência hospitalar foi de 2,03 dias. A taxa de complicações relacionadas à cirurgia foi 0,97% no primeiro mês, com três reoperações. Seguimento de curto prazo foi registrado em 75,6% e de um ano em 21,64%. A perda de peso corporal total foi de 10% em 30 dias, aumentando para 33,3% após um ano, sem diferença entre técnicas cirúrgicas. Conclusões: o perfil populacional está de acordo com o registro global da IFSO. A principal dificuldade encontrada foi a baixa inserção de dados pós-operatórios. A experiência adquirida neste projeto ajudará no conhecimento da segurança e eficácia da cirurgia bariátrica no Brasil. Introdução entanto desconhecido prestada Metodologia Ltd Ltd. internet selecionados implementação Resultados 1363 1 363 1.36 cirurgiões 67,2%, 672 67,2% , 67 2 (67,2%) 3 415kgm2 kgm 41 5kg m2 kg m 41,5kg/m2 345 34 5 34,5 401 40 40,1% 793 79 79,3% 955 95 95,5 laparoscopia cardiovascular 203 03 2,0 dias 097 0 97 0,97 mês reoperações 756 75 6 75,6 2164 21 64 21,64% 10 333 33 33,3 cirúrgicas Conclusões IFSO pósoperatórios. pósoperatórios pós operatórios. operatórios pós-operatórios 136 36 1.3 67,2 (67,2% 415kgm 4 41,5kg/m 34, 40,1 7 79,3 9 95, 20 2, 09 0,9 75, 216 21,64 33, 13 1. 67, (67,2 40, 79, 0, 21,6 (67, 21, (67 (6 (

Resumen: En este artículo, el objetivo es explorar las acciones adoptadas por universidades federales ubicadas en el Centro-Oeste brasileño para la permanencia de estudiantes con discapacidad durante la pandemia de covid-19. Partiéndose de un enfoque cualitativo, con tendencia exploratoria, el estudio obtuvo, por conveniencia, cuatro muestras analíticas, por medio de entrevistas semiestructuradas con cuatro participantes vinculados a los núcleos/sectores de estas universidades. Por intermedio del análisis temático, fueron constituidos cuatro ejes analíticos: financiación; accesibilidad tecnológica; soporte pedagógico y psicológico; y desafíos durante y tras la pandemia. Los resultados mostraron dificultades y esfuerzos de las universidades con los tres primeros factores. Los desafíos durante y después de la pandemia tienen relación con la conectividad a la internet, al aislamiento social y pedagógico, a las prácticas educativas inclusivas, al regreso de las actividades presenciales y al enfrentamiento a las barreras actitudinales. Resumen artículo CentroOeste Centro Oeste covid19. covid19 covid 19. 19 covid-19 cualitativo exploratoria obtuvo conveniencia analíticas núcleossectores núcleos sectores temático analíticos financiación tecnológica psicológico factores internet inclusivas actitudinales covid1 1 covid-1 covid-

Abstract: This article aims to explore the actions taken by federal universities located in the Brazilian Midwestern for the permanence of students with disabilities during the covid-19 pandemic. Stemming from a qualitative approach, with an exploration bias, this study obtained, for convenience, four analytical samples, by means of semi-structured interviews with four participants linked to the accessibility centers/sectors from universities in the Brazilian Midwestern. Through thematic analysis, four analytical axes were established: financing; technological accessibility; pedagogical and psychological support; and challenges during and after the pandemic. Results displayed the universities' difficulties and efforts in relation to the first three factors. The challenges during and after the pandemic concern internet connectivity, social and pedagogical isolation, inclusive educational practices, the return of face-to-face activities and facing attitudinal barriers. Abstract covid19 covid 19 covid-1 approach bias obtained convenience samples semistructured semi structured centerssectors centers sectors analysis established financing support factors connectivity isolation practices facetoface face barriers covid1 1 covid-

Resumo: Neste artigo, objetiva-se explorar as ações adotadas por universidades federais do Centro-Oeste brasileiro, para a permanência de estudantes com deficiência durante a pandemia de covid-19. Com uma abordagem qualitativa, de viés exploratório, o estudo obteve, por conveniência, quatro amostras analíticas, mediante entrevistas semiestruturadas com quatro participantes vinculados aos núcleos/setores dessas universidades. Por meio de análise temática, foram constituídos quatro eixos analíticos: financiamento; acessibilidade tecnológica; suporte pedagógico e psicológico; e desafios durante e após a pandemia. Os resultados mostraram dificuldades e esforços das universidades com os três primeiros fatores. Os desafios durante e pós-pandemia dizem respeito à conectividade com a internet, ao isolamento social e pedagógico, às práticas educativas inclusivas, ao retorno das atividades presenciais e ao enfrentamento de barreiras atitudinais. Resumo artigo objetivase objetiva se CentroOeste Centro Oeste brasileiro covid19. covid19 covid 19. 19 covid-19 qualitativa exploratório obteve conveniência analíticas núcleossetores núcleos setores temática analíticos financiamento tecnológica psicológico fatores póspandemia pós internet inclusivas atitudinais covid1 1 covid-1 covid-

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the quality of YouTube videos about microscopic varicocelectomy. METHODS: On November 20, 2022, a YouTube search for “Microscopic Varicocelectomy” was conducted. Non-English videos uploaded by producers for commercial purposes that lacked audio and subtitles were excluded from the study. A total of 50 videos were evaluated using the Journal of the American Medical Association Benchmark Score and the Global Quality Score, both of which are recognized internationally. Additionally, the researcher developed the Microscopic Varicocelectomy Score to evaluate the videos’ technical content. The upload source, video length, number of views, likes, dislikes, and video power indexes were evaluated. RESULTS: The Global Quality Score, Journal of the American Medical Association Benchmark Score, and Microscopic Varicocelectomy Score of the academically prepared videos were significantly higher than those of the physician-prepared videos (p<0.05). The Global Quality Score, Journal of the American Medical Association Benchmark Score, and Microscopic Varicocelectomy Score of uploaded videos with audio, audio, and subtitles were significantly higher than those with only subtitles (p<0.05). The video duration was positively correlated with Journal of the American Medical Association Benchmark Score, Global Quality Score, and Microscopic Varicocelectomy Score. The video power index had a strong positive correlation with the number of likes. Moreover, a strong positive correlation was observed, indicating that the Global Quality Score and Journal of the American Medical Association Benchmark Score increased as the Microscopic Varicocelectomy Score increased. CONCLUSION: YouTube videos regarding microscopic varicocelectomy were of notably low quality. If the video content created by specialist physicians and academic centers is more meticulously organized, more accurate data can be transmitted. Consequently, viewing video content may not be advised based on the available data. OBJECTIVE METHODS 20 2022 conducted NonEnglish Non English 5 internationally Additionally source length views likes dislikes RESULTS physicianprepared physician p<0.05. p005 p p<0.05 . 0 05 (p<0.05) Moreover observed CONCLUSION organized transmitted Consequently 2 202 p00 p<0.0 (p<0.05 p0 p<0. (p<0.0 p<0 (p<0. p< (p<0 (p< (p

Abstract: The struggle for the right to housing in Brazil continued to exist during the Covid-19 pandemic and had to adopt new strategies in the face of health restrictions. This article addresses the demands of the Museum of Removals movement and its performance in defense of the right to housing. The research is based on qualitative data from the transcript of debates held in 2020 and 2021 by the Removals Museum with other social movements on the internet. The results reveal that the main challenges faced by social movements during the pandemic were the failure of the Brazilian State to ensure the right to housing with dignity in cities and the continuous violence in evictions and removals that occurred even in the face of health restrictions. The research shows that the dispute over territories in urban centers fundamentally serves the interests of real estate capitalism, capable of even making it impossible to comply with sanitary measures in public health in the midst of a pandemic with high lethality. Abstract Covid19 Covid 19 Covid-1 restrictions 202 internet capitalism lethality Covid1 1 Covid- 20 2

Resumo: A luta pelo direito à moradia no Brasil continuou existindo durante a pandemia de Covid-19 e precisou adotar novas estratégias diante das restrições sanitárias. Este artigo aborda as reivindicações do movimento do Museu das Remoções e sua atuação em defesa do direito à moradia. A pesquisa baseia-se em dados qualitativos da transcrição de debates realizados em 2020 e 2021 pelo Museu das Remoções com outros movimentos sociais na Internet. Os resultados revelam que os principais desafios enfrentados por movimentos sociais durante a pandemia foram a insuficiência do Estado brasileiro em assegurar o direito à moradia com dignidade nas cidades e a contínua violência nos despejos e nas remoções ocorridos mesmo diante das restrições sanitárias. A pesquisa mostra que a disputa por territórios nos centros urbanos atende fundamentalmente aos interesses do capitalismo imobiliário, capaz de inviabilizar inclusive o cumprimento de medidas sanitárias em saúde pública em meio a uma pandemia com elevada letalidade. Resumo Covid19 Covid 19 Covid-1 baseiase baseia se 202 Internet imobiliário letalidade Covid1 1 Covid- 20 2

ABSTRACT Introduction: Pandemics and epidemics are global events in human society, which express great catastrophe and desolation, accompanied by high lethality and marked repercussions on health services. They have decimated societies, similar to wars, but they contribute to the emergence of advances in the sciences. Objective: To describe the characteristics and peculiarities of pandemics and epidemics that occurred at different times in history, in the context of public health and its great social impact. Methods: The SciELO, PubMed, Google Scholar databases, WHO and PAHO websites and other sources and information resources available on the Internet were used, which were accessed through the Google web browser. In the elaboration of the search strategy, the controlled vocabulary of the Descriptors in Health Sciences was used. The terms used were: pandemic, epidemic, rinderpest, plague, vaccine. 40 scientific articles and documents were retrieved and selected given their relevance for the investigation. Conclusions: Pandemics and epidemics require health promotion measures that stimulate adequate environmental sanitation, the availability of drinking water, correct hand washing, as well as preventing the spread of contagion and reducing the risks implied by climate change, lack of vector control and poverty among others, to contribute to reducing morbidity and mortality. The lack of preventive strategies forces the development of specialized centers to produce vaccines that guarantee the specific protection of susceptible populations.

RESUMEN Introducción: Las pandemias y epidemias son acontecimientos mundiales de la sociedad humana, que expresan gran catástrofe y desolación, acompañadas de elevada letalidad y repercusión marcada en los servicios de salud. Han diezmado sociedades, de forma similar a las guerras, pero contribuyen al surgimiento de avances en las ciencias. Objetivo: Describir las características y peculiaridades de las pandemias y epidemias ocurridas en diferentes épocas de la historia, en el contexto de la salud pública y su gran repercusión social. Métodos: Se utilizaron las bases de datos SciELO, PubMed, Google Scholar, sitios web de la OMS y la OPS, además de otras fuentes y recursos de información disponibles en Internet a las cuales se accedieron por medio del buscador web de Google. En la elaboración de la estrategia de búsqueda se utilizó el vocabulario controlado de los Descriptores en Ciencias de la Salud. Los términos utilizados fueron: pandemia, epidemia, plaga, peste, vacuna. Se recuperaron 40 artículos y documentos científicos que se seleccionaron dada su pertinencia para la investigación. Conclusiones: Las pandemias y epidemias requieren medidas de promoción de salud que estimulen un adecuado saneamiento ambiental, la disponibilidad del agua potable, correcto lavado de las manos, así como prevenir la expansión del contagio y la disminución de los riesgos que implican el cambio climático, la falta de control de los vectores y la pobreza entre otras, para contribuir a disminuir la morbi-mortalidad. La carencia de estrategias preventivas, obliga a desarrollar centros especializados para producir vacunas, que garanticen la protección específica de poblaciones susceptibles.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Coronaviruses are causative agents of respiratory, hepatic, intestinal and neurological diseases. The neurological implications caused by acute respiratory syndrome due to coronavirus 2 have raised several opinions. The clinical involvement and pathophysiologic mechanisms related to neurological complications in patients with COVID-19 are currently poorly understood. Objective: to describe the neurological involvement associated to SARS-CoV-2 according to its pathophysiopathogenic basis. Methods: a search was carried out, mainly in PubMed, with the descriptors COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 and neuro. Scientific journals on the Internet and official Cuban and foreign press media were consulted. The manual published by the Spanish Society of Neurology in April 2020 was reviewed. The analysis-synthesis and historical-logical methods were used when associating the historical neurological affectations of the different coronaviruses with the current one and the deductive inductive method. Conclusions: the most frequent neurological affectations associated with SARS-CoV-2 are myalgias, headaches, cerebrovascular disease, encephalopathies, encephalitis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, disorders of the senses and consciousness and weakness; they are related to the triggering of inflammatory processes, with alterations caused to the respiratory centers of the brainstem, with mechanisms of muscular damage and with its neuroinvasive potential.

RESUMEN Introducción: los coronavirus son agentes causales de enfermedades respiratorias, hepáticas, intestinales y neurológicas. Las implicaciones neurológicas causadas por el síndrome respiratorio agudo por coronavirus 2 han suscitado diversas opiniones. Las afectaciones clínicas y los mecanismos fisiopatogénicos relacionados con las complicaciones neurológicas que presentan los pacientes con COVID-19 son actualmente poco conocidos. Objetivo: describir las afectaciones neurológicas asociadas al SARS-CoV-2 a partir de sus bases fisiopatogénicas. Métodos: se realizó una búsqueda, fundamentalmente en PubMed, con los descriptores COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 y neuro. Se consultaron revistas científicas en Internet y medios de prensa oficiales cubanos y extranjeros. Se revisó el manual publicado por la Sociedad Española de Neurología en abril de 2020. Se utilizaron los métodos análisis-síntesis e histórico-lógico al asociar las afectaciones neurológicas históricas de los distintos coronavirus con el actual y el método inductivo deductivo. Conclusiones: las afectaciones neurológicas más frecuentes asociadas al SARS-CoV-2 son mialgias, cefaleas, enfermedad cerebrovascular, encefalopatías, encefalitis, síndrome de Guillain-Barré, trastornos de los sentidos y de la conciencia y debilidad; se relacionan con el desencadenamiento de procesos inflamatorios, con alteraciones provocadas a los centros respiratorios del tronco encefálico, con mecanismos de daño muscular y con su potencial neuroinvasivo.

ABSTRACT The use of internet in education is based upon the undeniable impact it has had nowadays and in future times. Internet has arrived to all educational centers and even too many Cuban homes, turning into a very important didactic resource. Notwithstanding, it has been shown a general lack of knowledge on most of professors’ side about all the tools internet provides as well as on the risks and advantages and the different ways to have access to internet. Therefore, the following article is presented which proposes a set of activities so to train professors on the competent use of internet.

RESUMEN El uso de Internet en la educación está fomentado sobre la base del innegable impacto que ha tenido en el presente y que tendrá en el futuro, llegando a los centros educacionales y hogares cubanos, convirtiéndose en un recurso didáctico, sin embargo, en la práctica educativa se ha detectado desconocimiento por parte de algunos profesores de lo que realmente le puede aportar Internet y los riesgos o desventajas, así como la forma de acceder al mismo. Se presenta un artículo proponiendo actividades para preparar a los profesores en el uso adecuado de Internet.