Over the past 2 decades, worldwide research has established that the district office of education matters. Various policy initiatives are directing district offices to shift from limited managerial functions and begin to directly support learner instruction. The intention of this article, therefore, was to tease the question: How do school inspectors provide instructional leadership support to schools in Zimbabwe? Guided by the instructional leadership conceptual framework, we employed a qualitative research methodology in which we used 2 case studies focusing on 6 officers purposively drawn from 2 district offices in the Masvingo province of Zimbabwe. Data collection tools used were document analysis and semi-structured interviews. The findings indicate that school inspectors carried out school staffing; spearheaded need-driven circuit-level and district-level professional development; instituted supervision of schools; supported school development efforts; and ensured stakeholder and partner engagement. But school inspectors provided limited support to scaffold learner instruction. To improve district instructional leadership support at school level, we recommend strategic human and material resource mobilisation and utilisation. Inevitably, more research is needed to allow deeper insight into the observed inadequacies of the current district office in Zimbabwe.

Resumen El Real Decreto-ley 2/2023, de 16 de marzo, de medidas urgentes para la ampliación de derechos de los pensionistas, simplifica las actuaciones que conducen al alta médica en los trabajadores que permanecen en situación de incapacidad temporal entre un año y año y medio de duración. Aunque puede ser eficiente en muchos casos, en los procesos de incapacidad temporal de especial complejidad, el hecho de perder el trabajo de un equipo colegiado como el Equipo de Valoración de Incapacidades, podría dificultar la toma de decisiones eficaces, justas y eficientes. Se expone la definición de estos procesos de especial complejidad y la necesidad de poner a disposición del médico inspector una serie de datos laborales para la mejora en el proceso de la toma de decisiones sobre el alta médica, así como abrir legalmente la posibilidad del trabajo en equipo para evaluar determinados supuestos.

Abstract Royal Decree-Law 2/2023, of March 16, on urgent measures to expand the rights of pensioners, simplifies the actions that lead to medical discharge in workers who remain in a situation of temporary disability between one year and one year and medium duration. Although it can be efficient in many cases, in temporary disability processes of special complexity, the fact of losing the work of a collegiate team such as the Disability Assessment Team could make it difficult to make effective, fair, and efficient decisions. The definition of these particularly complex processes is explained and the need to make a series of labor data available to the medical inspector to improve the decision-making process regarding medical discharge, as well as legally open the possibility of work in team to evaluate certain assumptions.

Resumen Este trabajo pretende analizar los cambios cuantitativos en el número de servidores de algunas carreras del Estado del Ejecutivo federal entre 2012 y 2022. Para ello, las carreras civiles de la administración directa que desarrollan actividades similares y son comúnmente catalogadas como propias del Estado se dividieron en cuatro grupos: Seguridad Pública, Jurídica, Inspección y Gestión Pública. La elección de estos grupos de debió a que tales carreras estratégicas frecuentemente se articulan en la defensa de sus intereses. Con base en las encuestas realizadas por el Panel Estadístico del Personal del Gobierno Federal, se concluyó que, durante el período, las carreras del grupo de Seguridad Pública seleccionadas crecieron fuertemente (+24%) y superaron a las carreras de Inspección seleccionadas en número de empleados (-27%), que se redujeron en una proporción similar. De manera individual, las carreras que más crecieron fueron policía federal de caminos (34%) y analista de comercio exterior (78%). Las carreras de inspector fiscal del Ministerio de Hacienda e inspector fiscal del Ministerio de Trabajo fueron las que más declinaron, perdiendo casi un tercio de sus servidores activos cada una (33% y 33%). 201 2022 ello Jurídica intereses Federal período +24% 24 (+24% 27%, 27 27% , (-27%) similar individual 34% 34 (34% 78%. 78 78% . (78%) declinaron 33% 33 (33 33%. 33%) 20 202 +24 2 (+24 (-27% 3 (34 7 (78% (3 +2 (+2 (-27 (78 ( + (+ (-2 (7 (-

Abstract This paper analyzes the quantitative changes in the number of servers of some State Careers of the federal executive branch between 2012 and 2022. Thus, they were divided into four groups of direct administration civil careers that carry out similar activities and are commonly classified as typical of the state: Public Security, Legal, Inspection, and Public Management. Based on surveys carried out by the Statistical Panel of Federal Government Personnel, it was concluded that, during the period, the careers of the selected Public Security group grew strongly (+24%) and surpassed the selected Inspection careers in number of employees (-27%), which were reduced in a similar proportion. Individually, the careers that grew the most were Federal Highway Police (34%) and Foreign Trade Analyst (78%). The careers of Tax Auditor of the Federal Revenue and Labour Tax Auditor were the ones that declined the most, losing almost a third of their active servants each (33% and 33%). 201 2022 Thus state Legal Management Personnel period +24% 24 (+24% 27%, 27 27% , (-27%) proportion Individually 34% 34 (34% 78%. 78 78% . (78%) 33% 33 (33 33%. 33%) 20 202 +24 2 (+24 (-27% 3 (34 7 (78% (3 +2 (+2 (-27 (78 ( + (+ (-2 (7 (-

Resumo Este trabalho pretende analisar mudanças quantitativas no número de servidores de algumas carreiras de Estado do Poder Executivo federal entre 2012 e 2022. Para tal, dividiram-se quatro grupos de carreiras civis da administração direta que exercem atividades afins e costumam ser classificadas como típicas de Estado: segurança pública, jurídicas, fiscalização e gestão pública. A escolha por esses grupos se deveu ao fato de que tais carreiras estratégicas com frequência se articulam em conjunto na defesa de seus interesses. Baseando-se em levantamentos realizados pelo Painel Estatístico de Pessoal do Governo Federal, concluiu-se que, durante o período, as carreiras do grupo de segurança pública selecionadas cresceram fortemente (+24%) e ultrapassaram, em número de servidores, as carreiras de fiscalização selecionadas (-27%), que foram reduzidas em proporção semelhante. Individualmente, as carreiras que mais cresceram foram a de policial rodoviário federal (34%) e de analista de comércio exterior (78%). Já as carreiras de auditor-fiscal da Receita Federal e de auditor-fiscal do trabalho foram as que mais diminuíram, perdendo quase um terço de seus servidores ativos cada uma (33% e 33%). 201 2022 tal dividiramse dividiram jurídicas interesses Baseandose Baseando concluiuse concluiu período +24% 24 (+24% ultrapassaram 27%, 27 27% , (-27%) semelhante Individualmente 34% 34 (34% 78%. 78 78% . (78%) auditorfiscal auditor fiscal diminuíram 33% 33 (33 33%. 33%) 20 202 +24 2 (+24 (-27% 3 (34 7 (78% (3 +2 (+2 (-27 (78 ( + (+ (-2 (7 (-

Resumé Entre 1942, année où elle est nommée chargée de mission de l’éducation physique et des sports féminins auprès et 1961 où elle devient Inspectrice de la Jeunesse et des Sports, Marie-Thérèse Eyquem multiplie les initiatives pour sensibiliser les jeunes françaises aux buts hygiéniques et esthétiques des exercices physiques. L’objet de cet article vise à interroger cet engagement continu durant deux décennies et ses effets sur les transformations de l’éducation physique féminine. Il s’agira alors de mesurer à la fois l’importance des sources d’inspiration de cette actrice et l’évolution de sa trajectoire intellectuelle pour tenter d’expliquer en quoi l’émancipation sous contrôle des femmes qu’elle ne cesse de promouvoir s’appuie pour partie sur une liberté surveillée du corps féminin. 1942 léducation l éducation 196 Sports MarieThérèse Marie Thérèse physiques Lobjet L objet féminine sagira s agira limportance importance dinspiration d inspiration lévolution évolution dexpliquer expliquer lémancipation émancipation quelle qu sappuie appuie féminin 194 19 1

Abstract Between 1942, the year in which she was appointed project manager for women's physical education and sports, and 1961, when she became Inspector of Youth and Sports, Marie-Thérèse Eyquem multiplied initiatives to make young French women aware of the hygienic and aesthetic objectives of exercise physicists. The purpose of this article is to question this ongoing commitment over two decades and its effects on the transformations of female physical education. It is then a matter of measuring both the importance of this character's sources of inspiration and the evolution of her intellectual path, aiming to explain how the emancipation under the control of women that she promoted was based in part on a protected freedom of the female body. 1942 womens s sports 1961 Sports MarieThérèse Marie Thérèse physicists characters character path body 194 196 19 1

Resumo Entre 1942, ano em que foi nomeada encarregada de projetos de educação física e esportes femininos e 1961, quando se tornou Inspetora da Juventude e Esportes, Marie-Thérèse Eyquem multiplicou iniciativas para sensibilizar as jovens francesas sobre os objetivos higiênicos e estéticos relativo aos exercícios físicos. Sendo assim, o objetivo do presente artigo visa analisar esse engajamento contínuo realizado pela professora ao longo de duas décadas e seus efeitos nas transformações da educação física feminina francesa. Trata-se de medir tanto a importância das fontes de inspiração desta personagem, bem como a evolução do seu percurso intelectual na tentativa de explicar como a emancipação feminina se assenta em parte numa liberdade tutelada do corpo feminino. 1942 1961 Esportes MarieThérèse Marie Thérèse físicos assim francesa Tratase Trata personagem feminino 194 196 19 1

Abstract In this work, the letter that Josep Puig i Cadafalch, president of the Mancomunitat of Catalonia, sent to magistrate Mariano Avellón, inspector of the Courts of Justice, will be analyzed. The central inspection of the Administration of Justice was a body created to supervise judges, magistrates and prosecutors, with the objective that they fulfilled their functions and did not break the law with practices that were not permitted, including corruption, the main cause of disaffection of the population to the courts. We will see the regulations that regulated this public body, in addition to explaining the professional career of the people involved in the events described; we will also examine two ways in which women participate in judicial corruption: on the one hand, as objects of payment for favors and, on the other, as facilitators of pacts with judges and magistrates.

Resumen En este trabajo se analizará la carta que Josep Puig i Cadafalch, presidente de la Mancomunitat de Catalunya, envió al magistrado Mariano Avellón, inspector de los Tribunales de Justicia. La inspección central de la Administración de Justicia fue un órgano creado para la vigilancia de jueces, magistrados y fiscales, con el objetivo que cumplieran sus funciones y no infringieran la ley con prácticas no permitidas, entre ellas la corrupción, principal causa de desafección de la población hacia los tribunales. Veremos la normativa que regulaba este órgano público, además de explicar la trayectoria profesional de las personas que intervienen en los hechos descritos; examinaremos, además, dos maneras en las que las mujeres participan en la corrupción judicial: por una parte, como objeto de pago de favores y, de otra, como facilitadoras de los pactos con jueces y magistrados.

ABSTRACT Objective: This article studies the library inspection activity in Argentina during its initial phase (1914-1924). Methodology: Based on the interpretation of reports prepared by the inspector Manuel Borton, among other documents, it analyzes: 1) the bureaucratic organization of the inspection and its difficulties in relation to the library knowledge of the time; and 2) the quantitative and qualitative results left by the extensive tour that Borton undertook during 1921 in the province of Buenos Aires and the north of the country (Tucumán, Santiago del Estero, Salta and Jujuy). Originality: This is a topic that has been little explored in academic literature. We examine new sources from a perspective that favors an anthropological approach, without renouncing an understanding of the inspection system as a whole. Conclusions: Borton formed an inspection methodology characterized by low technical significance and a high level of interpretation of the Argentinean library reality.

RESUMEN Objetivo: este artículo se propone estudiar la actividad de inspección bibliotecaria en Argentina durante su fase inicial (1914-1924), a partir de la interpretación de los informes confeccionados por el inspector Manuel Borton. Metodologia: dos puntos de análisis estructuran el ensayo: 1) la organización burocrática de la inspección y sus dificultades con relación a los saberes bibliotecarios de la época; y 2) los resultados cuantitativos y cualitativos que dejó la extensa gira que Borton emprendió durante 1921 en la provincia de Buenos Aires y el norte del país (Tucumán, Santiago del Estero, Salta y Jujuy). Originalidad: se trata de un tema escasamente explorado por la bibliografia acadêmica. Se examinan fuentes no consultadas con anterioridad desde una perspectiva que privilegia el abordaje antropológico, sin renunciar a la comprensión del sistema de inspección en su conjunto. Conclusiones: se considera que Borton formó una incipiente metodologia de inspección, caracterizada por una escasa significación técnica y un alto nivel interpretativo de la realidad bibliotecaria argentina.

RESUMO Objetivo: o objetivo do artigo é estudar a atividade de inspeção de bibliotecas na Argentina durante sua fase inicial (1914-1924), com base na interpretação dos relatórios elaborados pelo inspetor Manuel Borton. Metodologia: dois pontos de análise estruturam o ensaio: 1) a organização burocrática da inspeção e suas dificuldades em relação ao conhecimento da biblioteca da época; e 2) os resultados quantitativos e qualitativos da extensa viagem que Borton empreendeu durante 1921 na província de Buenos Aires e no norte do país (Tucumán, Santiago del Estero, Salta e Jujuy). Originalidade: este é um assunto pouco explorado na literatura acadêmica. Fontes anteriormente não consultadas são examinadas sob uma perspectiva que favorece uma abordagem antropológica, sem renunciar a uma compreensão do sistema de inspeção como um todo. Conclusões: Borton formou uma metodologia de inspeção caracterizada por um baixo significado técnico e um alto nível de conteúdo interpretativo da realidade da biblioteca argentina.

Resumen En este trabajo se propone una aproximación a la Visita General (1570-1575) ordenada por el virrey Francisco de Toledo como instancia de administración de justicia y reconfiguración territorial. Para ello, se procede al estudio de caso de la visita realizada al repartimiento de indios de Sipesipe (Cochabamba, Charcas) por parte de Diego Núñez Bazán. Primeramente, se examinan los litigios iniciados por los indígenas, en el marco de la visita general, para conseguir la restitución de tierras ocupadas por españoles. Luego, se avanza en un análisis de la actuación del Visitador general, en tanto agente de justicia, para dirimir estos pleitos. Finalmente, se consideran los efectos que las resoluciones de Núñez Bazán y la política toledana tuvieron sobre el territorio cochabambino.

Abstract This paper proposes an approach to the Visita General (1570-1575) -General Inspection- ordered by the Viceroy Francisco de Toledo as an instance of administration of justice and territorial reconfiguration. For this purpose, this work analyzes Diego Núñez Bazán’s inspection to the repartimiento de indios of Sipesipe (Cochabamba, Charcas). First, we examine the lawsuits initiated by the indigenous within the framework of the Visita General to obtain the restitution of lands occupied by Spaniards. Then, we analyze the performance of the Inspector general (inspector general) as an agent of justice in the settlement of these lawsuits. Finally, we consider the effects that the Núñez Bazán’s resolutions and the Toledo policy had on the Cochabamba territory.

ABSTRACT The objective is to reveal a wider vision of the pedagogue Margot Machado Padrón, to serves of inspiration to new generations of educators. The work allows to get more objective knowledge about the protagonist in periods in which is considered its extraordinary humanistic trajectory whose predegree formation at the Havana University make honor to the formation that nowadays offers the University of Pedagogical Sciences Enrique José Varona, study that also contribute to the teaching-learning of the History of Cuban Pedagogy.

RESUMEN El objetivo es revelar una visión lo más completa posible de la pedagoga Margot Machado Padrón, que sirva de inspiración y compromiso para las nuevas generaciones de educadores. El trabajo redactado permite ascender a un conocimiento objetivo de la protagonista en los períodos en que se considera su extraordinaria trayectoria humanista, cuya formación de pregrado en la Universidad de La Habana hace honor de continuidad a la formación que en la actualidad brinda la Universidad de Ciencias Pedagógicas “Enrique José Varona”, estudio que también contribuye a la enseñanza y aprendizaje de la Historia de la Pedagogía Cubana.

ABSTRACT This paper aims the identification of the Organization Designation Authorization (ODA) regulatory approaches adopted by the United States, using the Boeing 737 MAX 8 certification process as a basis, by revising the ODA’s certification role and what can be enhanced on the ODA program, considering the data from the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), the U.S. Department of Transportation, AND the Office of Inspector General (OIG), and comparing them to the regulatory basis in Europe and in Brazil. An assessment of undue pressure on ODA Unit members and other aspects, such as conflicting restraints, analysing their consequences and roles for the process’ safety, is presented, as well as a comparison with the independent design assurance system adopted by the other two agencies. Therefore, the discussion around the ODA’s aircraft certification processes highlights the ODA model drawbacks, and what can be learned from other models to improve it, so the industry and the society can fully benefit from this system. (ODA States 73 ODAs s program FAA, FAA , (FAA) US U S U.S Transportation OIG, OIG (OIG) Brazil aspects restraints safety presented agencies Therefore drawbacks it 7 (FAA (OIG

Resumen: El presente trabajo recoge algunos de los hallazgos de la investigación realizada en el marco del Master en Educación de la Universidad ORT Uruguay, en la cual se estudió la relación docente-curriculum. Se propuso como problema a investigar el modo en que los profesores de la asignatura Educación Social y Cívica actúan como mediadores de un curriculum concebido dentro de un sistema curricular. El artículo se centra en uno de los objetivos de la investigación que consistió en la identificación de perfiles docentes a partir de las decisiones curriculares adoptadas por los profesores estudiados. Se empleó un enfoque cualitativo dentro de la modalidad interactiva fenomenológica hermenéutica. La principal técnica de recopilación de información fue la entrevista semiestructurada aplicada a una muestra teórica de diez profesores de Educación Social y Cívica (ubicados en tres etapas de la carrera docente) de liceos públicos de Montevideo y a un Inspector de la Asignatura del Consejo de Educación Secundaria de Uruguay. Se complementó con el análisis textual cualitativo de documentos sobre once planes anuales y cinco replanificaciones de los docentes seleccionados en la muestra. Entre los profesores participantes del estudio, los resultados permitieron identificar mayormente los perfiles ejecutor e implementador del curriculum. No se identificaron docentes con un perfil netamente de agente curricular. La investigación puso de manifiesto que es en el trabajo colaborativo y la incorporación de tecnologías digitales donde los profesores más se distancian del perfil agente curricular. Un hallazgo a destacar es la profundización del perfil ejecutor en instancias colectivas tales como salas y coordinaciones docentes.

Abstract: This report includes some of the findings of a research carried out in the framework of the Master's Degree in Education at ORT University of Uruguay, where the relationship between teacher and curriculum was studied. The issue under analysis consisted in studying the way in which secondary education teachers of the subject Social and Civic Education, act as mediators of a curriculum conceived within a curricular system. The article is focused on one of the objectives of the research consisting in identifying the teachers' profiles based on the curricular decisions made by those teachers that participated in the study. A qualitative approach was used within the hermeneutic phenomenological interactive modality. The main technique for information gathering was the semi-structured interview applied to a theoretical sampling of 10 teachers of Social and Civic Education from state high schools in Montevideo city (applied through three different stages of their teaching career) and one teachers supervisor for such specific subject appointed by the Secondary Education Council of Uruguay. The research was complemented with a qualitative textual analysis of eleven annual plans and five re-planning documents written by teachers selected in the sample. As regards the teachers participating in the study, the results allowed to identify mostly the executor and implementer profiles. No teachers with a profile of mere curricular agents were detected. The research evidenced that it is in the collaborative work and with the incorporation of digital technologies where teachers take distance from the curricular-agent profile. A finding to be pointed out is the deepening of the executor profile in collective actions such as teachers' meetings and coordination activities.

Resumo: A presente análise contém alguns achados da pesquisa realizada no âmbito Mestrado em Educação na Universidade ORT Uruguai e na qual foi examinada a relação professor-currículo. O objeto a pesquisar foi analisar se os professores que ministram os cursos da disciplina Organização Social e Política atuam como mediadores de um currículo concebido dentro de um sistema curricular. O artigo ficou focado em um dos objetivos da pesquisa: identificar os perfis de professores com base nas decisões curriculares tomadas por eles. Uma abordagem qualitativa foi usada dentro do modo interativo fenomenológico hermenêutico. A principal técnica de coleta de informações foi a entrevista semiestruturada com uma amostra teórica de dez professores de Organização Social e Política no ensino médio público de Montevidéu (localizado em três etapas da carreira docente) e um Inspetor do Conselho de Ensino Secundário do Uruguai. Foi complementado com uma análise textual qualitativa de documentos sobre onze planos anuais e cinco replanejamentos desenvolvidos pelos professores selecionados na amostra. Os resultados permitiram identificar, principalmente, dentre os professores participantes da pesquisa, os perfis de execução e implementação do currículo. Não foram identificados professores com um perfil de agente claramente curricular. A pesquisa mostrou que é no trabalho colaborativo e na incorporação de tecnologias digitais onde os professores se distanciam mais do perfil de agente curricular. Um achado a salientar é o aprofundamento do perfil de execução em instâncias coletivas como reuniões e coordenações de professores.

ABSTRACT Currently, the public health infrastructure in Chile, at its different scales, has made important advances in determining sustainability design criteria. However, it is possible to see that, during its construction, there are no standardized verification processes on sustainability aspects, and that the work of technical inspection focuses on the administrative compliance of construction contracts, rather than on checking technical aspects. This research proposes a list of critical items and activities to supervise hospital construction, to guarantee sustainable criteria in their operation. A survey was also made to professionals involved in the design, construction, and supervision of hospital construction, ranking the results with a multi-criteria methodology (AHP), which showed a preference in the thermal envelope (20%) and thermal and ventilation installations (17%). Finally, based on the weaknesses stated by the professionals, a control and monitoring process of these items and activities is proposed, redesigning the work of the Worksite’ Technical Inspector.

RESUMEN Actualmente, la infraestructura de salud pública en Chile, en sus distintas escalas, presenta avances significativos en la determinación de criterios de diseño en sustentabilidad. Sin embargo, es posible observar que durante su construcción no existen procesos de verificación estandarizados sobre aspectos de sustentabilidad y que la labor de la inspección técnica se centra en el cumplimiento administrativo de los contratos de construcción, más que en la verificación de los aspectos técnicos. La presente investigación propone una lista de partidas y actividades críticas a fiscalizar en la construcción de hospitales para asegurar criterios sustentables en su operación. Luego, se realiza una encuesta a profesionales que participan en el diseño, construcción y fiscalización de obras hospitalarias. Los resultados se jerarquizan con una metodología multicriterio (AHP), a partir de la cual se evidencia una preferencia en la envolvente térmica (20%) e instalaciones térmicas y de ventilación (17%). Finalmente, en base a las debilidades señaladas por los profesionales, se propone un proceso de control y seguimiento a estas partidas y actividades con un rediseño de la labor del Inspector Técnico de Obras.

Abstract Antonio Ballesteros Usano was a remarkable teacher who exercised a brilliant career for more than half a century both in Spain and Mexico. In Spain he worked as a teaching inspector and disseminator of the educational renewal, and on Mexican soil, where he arrived in 1939 fleeing the Franco regime, he performed as a teacher for normal-school students and pedagogues, as well as a writer. This paper reconstructs his career in an integral way for the first time, by applying the historical-educational methodology and employing unpublished primary sources. It provides new data, corrects inaccuracies and analyzes the ideological and pedagogical references that guided his work. His strong links with the Progressive Education movement, his professional efficiency and the powerful influence that he exerted among his students are only some of the conclusions emphasized in the following research. It is worth noting that such an outstanding career has been awarded several recognitions in Mexico, where his memory still lasts even five decades after his death, which is not the case in his native Spain.

Resumen Antonio Ballesteros Usano fue un notable maestro que ejerció una brillante actividad durante más de medio siglo en España y México. En España como inspector de enseñanza y divulgador de la renovación educativa, y en suelo mexicano, a donde llegó en 1939 huyendo del franquismo, como escritor y formador de normalistas y pedagogos. Este trabajo reconstruye por primera vez su trayectoria de manera integral al aplicar la metodología histórico-educativa y emplear fuentes primarias inéditas. Aporta datos novedosos, corrige inexactitudes y analiza los referentes ideológicos y pedagógicos que orientaron su actuación. Entre las conclusiones destacan los fuertes vínculos que le unieron al movimiento de la Escuela Nueva, la eficacia profesional y la potente influencia que ejerció entre sus alumnos. Tan destacada trayectoria ha sido objeto de diversos reconocimientos en México, donde su memoria aún perdura cinco décadas después de su fallecimiento, lo que no ocurre en su tierra natal.

RESUMO O Ministério Público (MP) é capaz de efetivar direitos como fiscal de governos sem o Judiciário? A questão se põe ao projeto MP pela Educação (MPEduc), criado para instar municípios e estados a adequarem escolas a exigências legais e fomentar a fiscalização por conselhos sociais. Para captar alcances e limites do ativismo do MP, combinamos a análise de banco de dados, entrevistas com envolvidos no projeto e análise documental. Detectamos que de 371 projetos locais, cerca de 40% fizeram até duas das sete fases previstas e 6,1% foram concluídos. Estudos de casos do MPEduc com menos e mais avanços formais (Vitória e Belford Roxo) indicam limites do ativismo do MP e efeitos das altas discricionariedade e autonomia dos membros, tão associadas à instituição.

ABSTRACT Is the Prosecution Service (PS) able to enforce rights as a government inspector without the Judiciary? The question arises for the PS for Education (MPEduc) project, created to urge Municipalities and States to adjust schools to legal requirements and encourage inspection by social councils. To capture the scope and limits of PS activism, we combine database analysis, interviews with those involved in the project, and documentary analysis. Scope and Limits of the Prosecution Service as an Education Inspector shows that out of 371 local projects, around 40% completed up to two of the seven phases planned and 6.1% were completed. MPEduc case studies with fewer and more formal advances (Vitória and Belford Roxo) point out limits to the PS’s activism and the origins and effects of the high discretion and autonomy of the members, so associated with the institution.

Resumen 16. En la República Argentina la producción de carne ovina es impulsada por políticas del sector a fin de incrementar el volumen faenado y el consumo per cápita. Para certificar la inocuidad de estas carnes es indispensable la inspección sanitaria. En el post-mortem resulta imprescindible el examen de los nodulos linfáticos (NL) a fin de emitir un criterio sanitario sobre las reses inspeccionadas por parte del inspector veterinario en playa de faena frigorífica. Para ello, se identificó y describió forma, tamaño, situación, aferencias y eferencias de cada linfocentro. Para el estudio se utilizaron 8 ejemplares adultos de ambos sexos, a los cuales se les realizó eutanasia e inyección de tinta china a fin de que se visibilice el drenaje linfático para la ulterior disección. Se identificaron y describieron los linfocentros parietales externos del miembro pelviano, como ser los NL pre-femorales y NL poplíteos. Así mismo de igual manera se realizó con los linfocentros parietales internos del mismo miembro, estos fueron los NL retro-mamarios, NL inguinal superficial, NL isquiáticos, NL ilíacos externos, NL ilíacos internos y NL ilíacos medios. Los resultados obtenidos difieren en parte lo descrito por otros autores, debido principalmente a la inconstancia y a la no descripción de linfocentros por los mismos. No obstante, la descripción permitirá adecuar el sistema de inspección veterinaria post-mortem en playa de faena y de esta manera establecer los criterios sanitarios de reses faenadas e inspeccionadas.

Abstract 20. In Republic of Argentina, ovine meat production is drivenby sector politics in order to increase the slaughtered volume and the per capita consumption. Sanitary inspection is essential to certify the meat’s innocuousness. In the post-mortem, the lymph nodes (LN) examination is essential in order to establish sanitary criteria on the cattle that have been inspected by the veterinary inspector in the slaughterhouse. For this purpose, the shape, size, location, afferences and efferences of each lymphocenter were identified and described. For the study, 8 adult specimens of both sexes were used, which were euthanized and injected with chínese ink in order to visualize the lymphatic drainage for further dissection. The external parietal lymphocenters of the pelvic limb were identified and described, such as the pre-femoral and popliteal LN. The internal parietal lymphocenters of the same limb were also identified and described, such as retro mammary LN, superficial inguinal LN, ischial LN, external iliac LN, internal iliac LN and middle iliac LN. The obtained results differ in part from those described by other authors; this is mainly due to the inconstancy and lack of description of lymphocenters by them. Nevertheless, the description will allow adapting the post-mortem veterinary inspection system in slaughter beach and in this way to establish the sanitary criteria of slaughtered and inspected cattle.

Resumo: Celia Lapalma, nascida em 1867 em Salto (província de San Luis) e falecida em 1937 em Buenos Aires, era uma militante católica reconhecida por seu compromisso com a situação dos trabalhadores e das crianças desamparadas. Além de integrar instituições de caridade e desempenhar funções de inspeção em organismos oficiais, ele foi professora, escritora, palestrante, esposa e mãe. Neste trabalho, analisamos sua participação como tesoureira da "Comisión Central de Señoras Cooperadoras Salesianas Argentinas", com o objetivo de identificar as articulações feitas em seus discursos epistolares entre seus papéis na congregação e seu trabalho e funções familiares. A análise das representações de gênero e a maneira como elas evoluíram com o tempo permitirão compreender a experiência das mulheres de elite como benfeitoras na esfera da sociabilidade associativa

Abstract: Celia Lapalma, was born in 1867 in Salto (San Luis Province, Argentina) and died in 1937 in Buenos Aires. She was a catholic militant recognized for her commitment with the female workers’ situation and the helpless childhood. Besides participating in several charity associations, she worked as an inspector in official organisms, she was a teacher, writer, speaker, wife, and mother, too. This work analyses her work as treasurer of the “Comisión Central de Señoras Cooperadoras Salesianas,” aiming to identify the articulations she made in her epistolary speeches between her roles in the congregation, work, and family. The analysis of her gender representations and the way in which they evolved with time will allow us to understand the experiences of the elite women as benefactresses in the sphere of associative sociability

Resumen: Celia Lapalma, quien nació en 1867 en Salto (provincia de San Luis) y falleció en 1937 en Buenos Aires, fue una militante católica reconocida por su compromiso con la situación de las obreras y la infancia desvalida. Además de integrar asociaciones benéficas y desempeñar funciones de inspección en organismos oficiales fue docente, escritora, conferencista, esposa y madre. En este trabajo se analiza su actuación como tesorera de la Comisión Central de Señoras Cooperadoras Salesianas Argentinas, con el objetivo de identificar las articulaciones que realizaba en sus discursos epistolares entre su función en la congregación y sus papeles laborales y familiares. Esto permitirá aportar, a partir de su itinerario y sus representaciones de género, a la comprensión de la experiencia como benefactoras de las mujeres de la elite, en la esfera de la sociabilidad asociativa