RESUMO: O estudo das relações genotípicas entre índices de tolerância à seca e caracteres agronômicos de interesse no melhoramento de trigo é útil para traçar estratégias de seleção. Objetivou-se com este trabalho investigar as relações de causa e efeito entre características agronômicas e índices de tolerância à seca via análise de correlações canônicas. Dois ensaios (controle e estresse) foram conduzidos no inverno de 2020 em Viçosa, MG, Brasil. Foram avaliados os caracteres (dias para o espigamento, altura da planta, massa e número de grãos por espiga, massa de cem grãos e rendimento de grãos). Os dados de produtividade dos ensaios de controle e estresse foram utilizados para construir cinco índices de tolerância à seca. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de modelos mistos para estimação dos parâmetros genéticos e predição dos valores genotípicos (REML/BLUP), em seguida, os valores genotípicos foram utilizados para calcular os coeficientes de correlação entre os caracteres. Dois grupos de caracteres foram estabelecidos para o estudo das correlações canônicas, sendo o primeiro grupo constituído pelas variáveis agronômicas e o segundo pelos índices de tolerância à seca. Houve efeito significativo de genótipo para todas as características avaliadas. Os pares canônicos foram significativos, o que indicou a existência de dependência entre os grupos. O caráter dias para o espigamento pode ser utilizado na seleção indireta de genótipos de trigo para tolerância à seca. RESUMO Objetivouse Objetivou se canônicas 202 Viçosa MG Brasil planta espiga grãos. . grãos) REML/BLUP, REMLBLUP REML/BLUP , REML BLUP (REML/BLUP) seguida avaliadas significativos 20 (REML/BLUP 2

ABSTRACT: The study of genotypic relationships between drought tolerance indices and agronomic traits of interest in wheat breeding is useful for designing selection strategies. The objective of this research was to investigate the cause-and-effect relationships between agronomic traits and drought tolerance indices through the analysis of canonical correlations. Two trials (control and stress) were conducted in winter 2020 in Viçosa, MG, Brazil. The traits evaluated were: (days for heading, plant height, mass and number of grains per spike, mass of one hundred grains, and grain yield). Grain yield data from the control and stress conditions were used to construct five drought tolerance indices. The data were subjected to mixed model analysis for estimation of genetic parameters and prediction of genotypic values (REML/BLUP), and then the genotypic values were used to calculate the correlation coefficients between the traits. Two groups of traits were established for the study of canonical correlations, the first group consisting of agronomic traits and the second by drought tolerance indices. There was a significant genotype effect for all evaluated traits. The canonical pairs were significant, which indicated the existence of dependence between the groups. Days to heading trait can be used in the indirect selection of wheat genotypes for drought tolerance. ABSTRACT strategies causeandeffect cause correlations 202 Viçosa MG Brazil days height spike yield. . yield) REML/BLUP, REMLBLUP REML/BLUP , REML BLUP (REML/BLUP) 20 (REML/BLUP 2

Abstract: This article explores the mediating role of social identity in the relationship between emotions-both positive and negative-and participation in collective action. The study sample included university students from Peru (N = 599; M = 24.5 years) and Chile (N = 592; M = 22.2 years). A structural equation modeling (SEM) approach was used to analyze the data. The findings reveal that, in both countries, social identity mediated the relationship between emotions and collective action, and positive emotions were the key drivers of students’ inclination to engage in collective action. The study concludes that emotions predict collective action through identification with a social movement-in this case, the student movement. Furthermore, the indirect effect of social identity was stronger among Chilean students compared to their Peruvian counterparts.

Resumen: El artículo analiza de manera comparada el papel mediador de la identidad social en la relación entre las emociones (positivas y negativas) y la participación en acciones colectivas. La muestra estuvo conformada por estudiantes universitarios de Perú (N = 599; M = 24.5 años) y Chile (N = 592; M = 22.2 años). Para realizar dicho análisis, se estimó un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM). Los resultados demostraron que en los dos países la identidad social mediaba la relación de las emociones positivas y negativas con la acción colectiva; además, las emociones positivas fueron las que marcaron la tendencia a la acción colectiva de los estudiantes. Se concluyó que las emociones predicen la acción colectiva a través de la identificación con un movimiento social, en este caso el estudiantil. Asimismo, se observó que el efecto indirecto de la identidad social era más fuerte en el caso chileno, en comparación con el peruano.

Resumo: Neste artigo, é analisado, de forma comparativa, o papel mediador da identidade social na relação entre emoções (positivas e negativas) e participação em ações coletivas. A amostra foi composta de estudantes universitários do Peru (N = 599; M = 24,5 anos) e do Chile (N = 592; M = 22,2 anos). Para realizar a análise, foi utilizado um modelo de equação estrutural (SEM). Os resultados mostraram que, em ambos os países, a identidade social intermediou a relação das emoções positivas e negativas com a ação coletiva; além disso, as emoções positivas foram as que marcaram a tendência à ação coletiva dos estudantes. Concluiu-se que as emoções predizem a ação coletiva por meio da identificação com um movimento social, nesse caso, o movimento estudantil. Também foi observado que o efeito indireto da identidade social foi mais forte no caso chileno do que no caso peruano.

Purpose This study aims to evaluate the effect of diversity of knowledge and intrinsic motivation on individual absorptive capacity, its effect on innovative behavior at work, as well as the moderating effect of autonomy at work. Design/methodology/approach Data collection was carried out at the Companhia do Metropolitano de São Paulo – Metrô – obtaining 192 valid questionnaires, which were analyzed using descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling with partial least squares estimation. Findings Intrinsic motivation and diversity of prior knowledge have a direct effect on individual absorptive capacity (IAC) and an indirect effect on innovative work behavior (IWB). The relationship between IAC and IWB is strengthened as work autonomy increases (moderating effect). Research limitations/implications The results are not generalizable as this is a nonprobabilistic sample with respondents from the public sector who have job stability. Practical implications To encourage innovative behavior at work, the organization can implement practices that promote autonomy at work, and consider personal experiences that are not directly related to work during the selection and hiring process. Social implications By valuing life experience and autonomy at work and promoting innovative behavior at work, a working environment in which people feel good must be created. Originality/value The main highlights are the operationalization of the diversity of prior knowledge as a three-dimensional construct that promotes IAC, in addition to the moderating effect of autonomy at work. Designmethodologyapproach Design methodology approach 19 questionnaires estimation (IAC IWB. . (IWB) effect. effect) limitationsimplications limitations stability process created Originalityvalue Originality value threedimensional three dimensional 1 (IWB

Resumen La estabilidad del color de la restauración temporal es muy importante, especialmente en zonas sensibles desde el punto de vista estético. En la presente investigación, el objetivo fue determinar el efecto del cemento temporal sobre el color de coronas temporales realizadas mediante métodos de prensado convencionales (indirectos) y tecnologías CAM/CAD utilizando fresadora e impresora 3D. Este estudio se llevó a cabo en un laboratorio y se utilizó color A2 en todos los métodos de fabricación. El color de las restauraciones se midió mediante un espectrofotómetro después de cementarlas con cemento de resina provisional. Luego se calcularon los cambios de color de las muestras (de 0 a 100) utilizando el sistema CIE Lab. El análisis de los datos se basó en métodos de estadística descriptiva y pruebas estadísticas, incluido el análisis de varianza unidireccional (ANOVA) y la prueba post hoc de Tukey. Según los resultados del análisis de varianza unidireccional, hubo una diferencia significativa entre los tres grupos en términos de los índices a y b (P<0,001), pero en términos del índice l, no hubo diferencias significativas entre los tres grupos (P=0,250). Además, según la prueba post hoc de Tukey, se observó una relación significativa entre el primer y el segundo grupo de impresoras 3D y entre el primer y el tercer grupo de fresado (P<0,001). Sin embargo, no se observó ninguna diferencia significativa en el grupo de prensado convencional. Los resultados mostraron que el mayor cambio de color entre los tres métodos fue con el método de impresión 3D, y la menor cantidad fue con el método de fresado.

Abstract The color stability of temporary restoration is crucial, especially in sensitive areas in terms of aesthetics. This research aimed to determine the effect of temporary cement on the color of temporary crowns made by conventional pressing methods (indirect) and CAM/CAD technologies using milling machines and 3D printers. This study was carried out in a laboratory, utilizing A2 color in all manufacturing methods. The color of the restorations was measured by a spectrophotometer after cementation with semi-permanent resin cement. Subsequently, color changes of the samples (ranging from 0 to 100) were calculated using the Commission International de l'Eclairage (CIE) Lab system. Data analysis was based on descriptive statistics methods and statistical tests, including one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's post hoc test. According to the results of ANOVA, there was a significant difference between the three groups in terms of the 'a' and 'b' indexes (P<0.001). However, regarding the 'l' index, no significant difference was observed among the three groups (P=0.250). Also, based on Tukey's post hoc test, a significant relationship was seen between the first and second pairs in the 3D printer group, and between the first and third pairs in the milling group (P<0.001). However, no significant difference was observed in the conventional pressing group. The results showed that the 3D printing method exhibited the highest amount of color change among the three methods, while the milling method demonstrated the lowest amount of change.

Resumo: A adoção generalizada das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TIC) resultou numa nova forma de cultura de trabalho em que limites não estão claramente estabelecidos. O estresse tecnológico ou tecnoestresse - fenômeno parcialmente causado pela exposição e utilização excessiva da tecnologia - está associado a diversos efeitos negativos. No entanto, diferenças individuais, como os traços de personalidade, podem influenciar a experiência de estresse de uma pessoa quando utiliza as TIC. Assim, este estudo teve como objetivo investigar os efeitos indiretos dos traços de personalidade na relação entre sobrecarga de trabalho e tecnoestresse. Uma amostra de 213 trabalhadores brasileiros que utilizam TIC (M=35,53±9,41; 64,8% homens) participou do estudo, que coletou dados sociodemográficos e ocupacionais, além de utilizar escalas de Tecnoestresse, Sobrecarga de Trabalho e Traços de Personalidade. Com base num coeficiente de determinação (ρ 2 =0,12), o poder do estudo foi de 99%. Após ajustamentos para comparações múltiplas, os resultados apontaram para associações moderadas e significativas entre Fadiga e Neuroticismo (ρ=0,32), Fadiga e Sobrecarga de Trabalho (ρ=0,37) e Ansiedade e Sobrecarga de Trabalho (ρ=0,33). Verificou-se que a Conscienciosidade exerceu um efeito indireto na relação entre a Sobrecarga de Trabalho e Fadiga (IC95%: 0,001, 0,06). O estudo destaca o papel das diferenças individuais, que podem amenizar as experiências de tecnoestresse dos trabalhadores, particularmente Fadiga.

Abstract: The widespread adoption of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) resulted in a new form of work culture in which boundaries are not clearly established. Technostress - a phenomenon partially caused by excessive technology exposure and usage - is being associated with a myriad of negative effects. However, individual differences, such as personality traits, might influence one’s experience of stress when using ICT. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the indirect effects of personality traits on the relationship between work overload and technostress. A sample of 213 ICT Brazilian workers (M age=35.53±9.41; 64.8% males) provided information on demographic and labor-related data, as well as measurements of Technostress, Work Overload, and Personality Traits; moreover, based on a coefficient of determination (ρ 2 =.12), the power achieved was 99%. Adjusted for multiple comparisons, results pointed to moderate, significant links between Fatigue and Neuroticism (ρ=.32), Fatigue and Work Overload (ρ=.37), Anxiety and Work Overload (ρ=.33). Moreover, Conscientiousness exerted an indirect effect on the relationship between Work Overload and the Technostress dimension of Fatigue (95%CI: .001, .06). The study highlights the role of individual differences that might prevent workers’ experiences of technostress, particularly Fatigue.

RESUMO Conseguir um equilíbrio energético ótimo em estufas hidropônicas é um desafio crítico na agricultura moderna. Isto implica a gestão dos recursos energéticos para criar um ambiente propício a um crescimento robusto das culturas. Os pesquisadores estão a explorar modelos térmicos avançados e tecnologias inovadoras para melhorar a eficiência energética e estabelecer um equilíbrio harmonioso nestes ambientes controlados. Vários estudos abordaram a otimização do consumo de energia em estufas hidropônicas, com destaque para os materiais de cobertura das estufas e a monitorização da energia em tempo real. Este estudo visa melhorar o modelo convencional, otimizando a forma e o material de cobertura da estufa e considerando novos parâmetros de ganho e perda de calor, incluindo o efeito da iluminação direta e indireta. Este estudo demonstra que a luz emitida e o consumo de energia do sistema de iluminação influenciam diretamente o balanço energético. Esta abordagem inovadora melhora a compreensão da interação entre os sistemas de iluminação e o consumo de energia, conduzindo a práticas de estufa hidropônica mais eficientes e sustentáveis. Coletivamente, as contribuições de pesquisadores conceituados enriqueceram significativamente a compreensão da dinâmica do consumo de energia em ambientes de estufa hidropônica, estabelecendo novos padrões de eficiência energética, sustentabilidade e produtividade na agricultura hidropônica. moderna culturas controlados real convencional calor indireta sustentáveis Coletivamente

ABSTRACT Achieving the optimal energy balance in hydroponic greenhouses is a critical challenge in modern agriculture. This involves managing energy resources to create an environment conducive to robust crop growth. Researchers are exploring advanced thermal models and innovative technologies to enhance energy efficiency and establish a harmonious equilibrium in these controlled environments. Various studies have addressed the optimization of energy consumption in hydroponic greenhouses, with a focus on the greenhouse covering materials and real-time energy monitoring. This study aims to enhance the conventional model by optimizing the form and cover material of the greenhouse and considering new heat gain and loss parameters, including the direct and indirect lighting effect. This study demonstrates that the emitted light and energy consumption of the lighting system directly influence the energy balance. This innovative approach refines the understanding of the interplay between lighting systems and energy consumption, leading to more efficient and sustainable hydroponic greenhouse practices. Collectively, the contributions of esteemed researchers have significantly enriched the understanding of energy consumption dynamics in hydroponic greenhouse environments, setting new standards for energy efficiency, sustainability, and productivity in hydroponic agriculture. agriculture growth environments realtime real time monitoring parameters effect practices Collectively sustainability

BACKGROUND. The COVID-19 pandemic had a profound effect on the health sector globally and in South Africa (SA). OBJECTIVE. To review the effects of COVID-19 on maternal, perinatal and reproductive health outcomes and service utilisation in SA. METHODS. Three routine national data collection systems were sourced: the District Health Information System, the Saving Mothers reports of the National Committee on Confidential Enquiry into Maternal Deaths and the Saving Babies reports from the National Perinatal Morbidity and Mortality Committee using data from the Perinatal Problem Identification Program. RESULTS. There were 35% and 8% increases in maternal and stillbirth mortality rates, respectively, in 2020 and 2021, which correlated with the COVID-19 waves. However, in 2022, rates returned to pre-COVID levels. Antenatal visits and facility births showed little change, but there was a shift to more rural provinces. The use of oral and injectable contraceptives and termination of pregnancy services decreased markedly in 2020 and 2021, with a sustained shift to long-acting reversible contraceptives. The increase in maternal deaths was predominantly due to COVID-19 respiratory complications, but also an increase in obstetric haemorrhage. Stillbirths increased significantly (10%) for birthweights between 2 000 g and 2 499 g, categorised mostly as unexplained stillbirths or preterm labour, but no increase in neonatal deaths was observed. Administrative avoidable factors increased by 24% in the 2020 - 2022 triennium, but there was no increase in patient/community level or healthcare provider-related avoidable factors during the pandemic years. CONCLUSION. COVID-19 caused a marked increase in maternal death and stillbirth rates in 2020 and 2021 due to both direct effects of the virus and indirect effects on functioning of the health system. The continued, although modified, health-seeking behaviour of women and the rapid return to pre-COVID-19 mortality rates demonstrates enormous resilience in women and the health system.

Resumo A alimentação e ritmos circadianos são influenciados por comportamentos que terão impacto na saúde do adolescente. A dependência alimentar (DA) está relacionada com a fraca regulação emocional e impulsividade. No entanto, a evidência ainda é escassa em relação à forma como esta tem impacto no sono. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo é explorar se a DA prediz a insónia nos adolescentes e se o autocontrolo (funcional e disfuncional) medeia esta relação. A amostra foi constituída por 1566 jovens a frequentar escolas da ilha da Madeira, com idades entre os 12 e os 19 anos (M =14,79; DP = 1,89) que preencheram um questionário online que incluía uma recolha de dados sociodemográficos, seguida da versão portuguesa da Yale Food Addiction Scale (P-YFAS), Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) e Escala Breve de Autocontrolo (EBAC). Realizou-se um modelo de mediação paralela tendo como covariáveis o sexo e a idade. Existe um efeito direto positivo significativo da DA na insónia (β = 0,068; p = < 0,001) e um efeito indireto positivo da DA na insónia, mediado pela dimensão Autocontrolo Disfuncional (β = 0,224). Destaca-se a pertinência do desenvolvimento de intervenções focadas na impulsividade juvenil, fornecendo estratégias focadas na promoção do controlo de impulsos, higiene do sono (acautelando também comportamento alimentar compulsivo) e de tomada de decisões pró-saúde.

Abstract Eating habits and circadian rhythms are influenced by behaviours that impact adolescent health. Food addiction (FA) is linked to weak emotional regulation and impulsivity. However, evidence on its impact on sleep remains limited. Thus, this study aims to explore whether FA predicts insomnia in adolescents and whether self-control (both functional and dysfunctional) mediates this relationship. The sample consisted of 1566 young individuals attending schools in Madeira, aged between 12 and 19 years (M =14.79, SD = 1.89), who completed an online questionnaire including sociodemographic data, the Portuguese version of the Yale Food Addiction Scale (P-YFAS), Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), and Brief Self-Control Scale (EBAC). A parallel mediation model was conducted, with gender and age as covariates. There is a significant positive direct effect of FA on insomnia (β =.068, p = <.001) and a positive indirect effect of FA on insomnia, mediated by the Dysfunctional Self-Control dimension (β = .224). The results highlight the relevance of developing interventions focused on youth impulsivity, providing strategies aimed at promoting impulse control, sleep hygiene (also addressing compulsive eating behaviour), and making pro-health decisions.

Abstract This article examines how a business school's environment encourages the formation of entrepreneurial intentions among its students. Building on insights from the theory of planned behaviour and the business event model, a structural equation model was applied on a sample of 283 Costa Rican university students. The main results of the study suggest that the entrepreneurial training provided by the business school contributes to improve students' entrepreneurial intentions. However, this effect develops through an indirect mechanism: that is, entrepreneurial training positively influences students’ attitudes toward entrepreneurship which, in turn, impact students’ perception on entrepreneurial self-efficacy. The proposed model rooted in cognitive frameworks allows business schools, and higher education institutions in general, to measure and evaluate the effectiveness of their entrepreneurial training programs in promoting entrepreneurial intentions.

Resumen Este artículo examina cómo una escuela de negocios fomenta la formación de intenciones emprendedoras entre sus estudiantes. Sobre la base de los conocimientos de la teoría del comportamiento planificado y el modelo de eventos de negocios, se aplicó un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales en una muestra de 283 estudiantes universitarios costarricenses. Los principales resultados del estudio sugieren que la formación emprendedora que imparte la escuela de negocios contribuye a mejorar las intenciones emprendedoras de los estudiantes. Sin embargo, este efecto se desarrolla a través de un mecanismo indirecto: es decir, la formación emprendedora influye positivamente en las actitudes de los estudiantes hacia el emprendimiento que, a su vez, impactan en las percepciones de los estudiantes sobre la autoeficacia emprendedora. El modelo propuesto basado en marcos cognitivos permite a las escuelas de negocios, y las instituciones de educación superior en general, medir y evaluar la eficacia de sus programas de formación empresarial en configurar intenciones empresariales.

BACKGROUND. Hypertension, a consistent elevation in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, poses a global health challenge and likely develops early in life. Research suggests that socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with hypertension in childhood and adolescence. However, pathways through which SES leads to hypertension in adolescents remain unclear. OBJECTIVE. To examine the relationship between SES and hypertension among adolescents in South Africa (SA) and identify possible pathways linking SES and hypertension in this demographic group. METHODS. We analysed cross-sectional data from the South Africa Demographic and Health Survey 2016 comprising 1 062 adolescents aged between 15 and 19 years. SES was based on wealth quintiles. Multivariable logistic regression models and generalised structural equation modelling (GSEM) were employed to examine the relationship between SES and hypertension in adolescents. RESULTS. The unadjusted and adjusted relationships between SES and hypertension were not statistically significant. According to the GSEM, age (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.63 - 0.82) and BMI (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.02 - 1.11) were the only factors directly associated with hypertension. Being female had a significant indirect effect on hypertension (OR 1.18, 95% CI 1.03 - 1.36). CONCLUSION. Although no association was observed between SES and hypertension, sex-specific patterns emerged among the correlates of hypertension. This emphasises a need for further social epidemiology research on hypertension in this age group, ideally incorporating other proxies of socioeconomic status besides the wealth index.

ABSTRACT Palliative care (PC) is a differentiated healthcare area focused on promoting comfort, and preventing and alleviating suffering. End-of-life (EOL) care is integrated into this branch of medicine and will have great relevance in the near future as a result of increased life expectancy and highly disabling chronic diseases. It is imperative that healthcare professionals have the capacity and preparation to guarantee this care. The objective of this work is to propose a model that relates spirituality, emotional intelligence, PC knowledge, self-efficacy, and the ability of doctors and nurses to provide EOL care. A questionnaire was applied to collect data. The relationships between these latent variables were evaluated using structural equation models. The results indicate that self-efficacy, spirituality and knowledge positively influence the ability to provide EOL care. Emotional intelligence and spirituality directly and positively affect self-efficacy. Emotional intelligence has an indirect effect, mediated by self-efficacy, on the ability to provide EOL care.

RESUMO Os cuidados paliativos (CP) são uma área diferenciada do cuidar em saúde, centrada na promoção do conforto, na prevenção e no alívio do sofrimento. Os cuidados em fim de vida (CFV) estão integrados neste ramo da medicina e terão num futuro próximo uma grande relevância, fruto do aumento da expectativa de vida e de doenças crónicas altamente incapacitantes. Torna-se imperativo que os profissionais de saúde tenham capacidade e preparação para assegurarem estes cuidados. O objetivo deste trabalho é propor um modelo que relacione a espiritualidade, a inteligência emocional, o conhecimento em CP, autoeficácia e capacidade para prestar CFV por médicos e enfermeiros. Para a recolha de dados foi utilizado um questionário. As relações entre estas variáveis latentes foram avaliadas utilizando modelos de equações estruturais. Os resultados indicam que a autoeficácia, a espiritualidade e o conhecimento influenciam positivamente a capacidade de prestação de CFV. A inteligência emocional e a espiritualidade afetam de forma direta e positiva a autoeficácia. A inteligência emocional tem um efeito indireto, mediado pela autoeficácia sobre a capacidade de prestação de CFV.

RESUMEN Introducción: La violencia es un importante problema de salud pública y una de las principales causas de muerte en todo el mundo. Las consecuencias para la salud mental de sobrevivir a la violencia de la pareja íntima incluyen depresión, ansiedad y trastorno de estrés postraumático. Estudios previos han identificado que existe una relación entre la depresión y el nivel de discapacidad en mujeres sobrevivientes a violencia de pareja íntima. La estimación del efecto directo, indirecto o total de una exposición en un resultado permite identificar efectos mediadores en un grupo de variables. La detección de los efectos de la mediación es útil para identificar vías causales que generan un resultado final y proporciona una justificación para diseñar intervenciones dirigidas al mediador, lo que a su vez afecta positivamente al resultado. El objetivo es identificar el efecto mediador de los síntomas de depresión en la relación entre gravedad de la violencia y el nivel de discapacidad de las mujeres víctimas de violencia de pareja. Métodos: Estudio transversal que incluyó a 94 mujeres de 18 o más años víctimas de violencia de pareja, identificadas en 2 instituciones públicas de salud de Cali y Tuluá, en el suroccidente de Colombia. Se realizó un análisis de rutas causales mediante un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM), en Stata® 14. Resultados: El efecto directo de la gravedad de la violencia en la discapacidad no es significativo ((3 = 0,09; p = 0,63); sin embargo, el efecto indirecto mediado por los síntomas de depresión incrementa su magnitud y es significativo (3 = 0,39; p <0,01). El efecto total es mayor y significativo (3 = 0,48; p = 0,01). Conclusiones: Existe un papel mediador de los síntomas depresivos entre la exposición a violencia de pareja y el nivel de discapacidad en las mujeres del suroccidente colombiano. Así, tratar los síntomas de depresión es fundamental para mejorar la funcionalidad de las mujeres víctimas de la violencia de pareja. Los resultados de esta investigación contribuyen a definir estrategias para prevenir y abordar la violencia de pareja, los síntomas depresivos y la discapacidad en esta población.

ABSTRACT Background: Violence is an important public health problem and one of the main causes of deaths worldwide. The mental health consequences of surviving intimate partner violence (IPV) include depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder. Previous studies have identified that there is a relationship between depression and level of disability in female survivors of IPV. Estimating the direct, indirect or total effect of an exposure on an outcome makes it possible to identify mediating effects between a group of variables. Detecting mediation effects is useful for identifying casual pathways that generate a final outcome and provides a rationale for designing interventions to target the mediator, which in turn positively affects the outcome. The objective was to identify the mediating role of depressive symptoms on the relationship between IPV and disability. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 94 women over the age of 18 who were survivors of IPV by men. They were recruited from two public hospitals in Cali and Tuluá in southwest Colombia. An analysis of casual relationships was performed using structural equation modelling that was made up of: four exogenous observed variables (age, current relationship status [in a relationship or single], level of schooling, and history of an impairment), intermediate endogenous variables (violence and depressive symptoms), and the main endogenous variable (disability). The analyses were carried out in Stata14.2. Results: The direct effect of IPV severity on the level of disability was not statistically significant ((3 = 0.09; P = 0.63). However, the indirect effect of IPV severity on disability mediated by depressive symptoms was ((3 = 0.39; P <0.01). The total effect of IPV severity on the level of disability was even greater ((3 = 0.48; P = 0.01). Conclusions: This study found a complete mediating role of depressive symptoms on the relationship between the severity of IPV and the level of disability for the female participants in this study. The results of this research contribute to defining strategies to prevent and address intimate partner violence, depressive symptoms and disability in this population.

Resumo: Quando uma relação termina, é essencial identificar estratégias que ajudem as pessoas a lidar com a rutura, uma vez que isso irá condicionar o seu bem-estar futuro. O objetivo deste estudo foi explorar a relação entre o luto por rompimento amoroso e o florescimento, considerando a autocompaixão como variável mediadora. Foi aplicado um questionário a 506 estudantes de diferentes níveis educativos (secundário e superior) e idades (15 a mais de 23 anos) para obter informação sobre as variáveis do estudo. Foram efetuadas análises correlacionais e inferenciais. Os resultados indicaram que a perda de intimidade foi a principal razão para a rutura. Além disso, observaram diferenças significativas na dor de acordo com a duração da relação rompida, o estatuto do iniciador da rutura e a relação atual. Por fim, se encontrou um efeito indireto significativo do luto no florescimento através da autocompaixão.

Abstract: When a relationship ends, it is essential to identify strategies that help people cope with the breakup, as this will condition their future well-being. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between romantic breakup distress and flourishing, considering self-compassion as a mediator variable. A questionnaire was administered to 506 students of different educational levels (secondary and higher) and ages (15 to over 23 years old) to obtain information on study variables. Correlational and inferential analyzes were performed. The results indicated that the loss of intimacy was the main reason for the breakup. Furthermore, there were significant differences in distress according to the duration of the broken relationship, the status of the initiator of the breakup, and the current relationship. Finally, a significant indirect effect of distress on flourishing through self-compassion was found.

Résumé: Quand une relation se termine, il est essentiel d’identifier des stratégies qui aident les gens à faire face à la rupture, car cela conditionnera leur bien-être futur. L’objectif de ce travail était d’explorer la relation entre le deuil par rupture amoureuse et la floraison, en envisageant l’autocompassion sur soi comme une variable médiatrice. Un questionnaire a été administré à 506 élèves de différents niveaux d’enseignement (secondaire et supérieur) et de différents âges (15 à plus de 23 ans) pour obtenir des informations sur les variables d’étude. Des analyses corrélées et inférentielles ont été effectuées. Les résultats ont indiqué que la perte d’intimité était la principale cause de rupture. En outre, il y avait des différences significatives dans le deuil selon la durée de la relation brisée, le statut d’initiateur de la rupture et la relation actuelle. Enfin, un effet indirect significatif du deuil sur la floraison par l’autocompassion a été constaté.

Resumen: Cuando una relación termina, es fundamental identificar estrategias que ayuden a las personas a afrontar la ruptura, ya que eso condicionará su bienestar futuro. El objetivo de este trabajo fue explorar la relación entre el duelo por ruptura amorosa y el florecimiento, contemplando la autocompasión como variable mediadora. Participaron 506 estudiantes de diferentes niveles educativos (secundario y superior) y edades (15 a más de 23 años), a los que se administró un cuestionario para obtener información sobre las variables de estudio. Se realizaron análisis correlacionales e inferenciales. Los resultados indicaron que la pérdida de intimidad fue el motivo principal de ruptura. Además, existieron diferencias significativas en el duelo según la duración de la relación rota, el estatus de iniciador de la ruptura y de relación actual. Finalmente, se encontró un efecto indirecto significativo del duelo sobre el florecimiento a través de la autocompasión.

São necessárias esforços para melhor entender quais são os caminhos efetivos que podem otimizar o sucesso em intervenções de atividade física escolares. Este estudo investigou os mediadores de uma intervenção escolar na prática de atividade física entre estudantes brasileiros. O programa Fortaleça sua Saúde matriculou 1.085 alunos (11-18 anos) ao longo de um semestre. Essa intervenção multicomponente incluiu a capacitação de professores, a oferta de oportunidades de atividade física e a educação em saúde. Atividade física moderada a vigorosa autorrelatada e potenciais mediadores (atitude, autoeficácia, suporte social, ambiente da vizinhança percebido e instalações de atividade física na escola) foram avaliados. Foi realizada a análise do produto do coeficiente. A amostra foi composta por 1.085 estudantes (51,5% meninos). O efeito total da intervenção foi de 0,706 (IC95%: 0,276; 1,136). No total, 40% do efeito da intervenção sobre atividade física moderada a vigorosa foi explicado pela atitude em relação à atividade física dos participantes e apoio social de amigos e professores. O apoio social dos amigos foi um mediador significativo apenas entre os meninos (ab: 0,113, IC95%: 0,027; 0,256) e apoio social dos professores apenas entre as meninas (ab: 0,135, IC95%: 0,019; 0,328), indicando um efeito indireto estatisticamente significativo do programa sobre a atividade física moderada a vigorosa por meio destes mediadores. Parte relevante do efeito de uma intervenção multicomponente sobre atividade física entre estudantes de regiões vulneráveis é explicada por mudanças por meio de variáveis em diferentes níveis do modelo socioecológico, incluindo apoio social de amigos e professores e atitude em relação à atividade física. Estes resultados devem ser considerados nas políticas públicas.

Se necesitan esfuerzos para comprender mejor cuáles son las opciones efectivas para optimizar el éxito en las intervenciones de actividad física escolares. Este estudio investigó los mediadores de una intervención escolar en la práctica de actividad física entre estudiantes brasileños. El programa Fortaleça sua Saúde [Fortalece tu Salud] inscribió a 1.085 estudiantes (11-18 años) a lo largo de un semestre. Esta intervención multicomponente incluyó la capacitación docente, la oferta de oportunidades de actividad física y la educación en salud. Se evaluaron la actividad física de moderada a vigorosa autoinformada y los potenciales mediadores (actitud, autoeficacia, apoyo social, entorno residencial percibido e instalaciones de actividad física en la escuela). Se realizó el análisis del producto del coeficiente. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 1.085 estudiantes (51,5% niños). El efecto total de la intervención fue de 0,706 (IC95%: 0,276; 1,136). En total, el 40% del efecto de la intervención sobre actividad física de moderada a vigorosa se explicó por la actitud de los participantes con relación a la actividad física y el apoyo social de amigos y profesores. El apoyo social de los amigos fue un mediador significativo solo entre los niños (ab: 0,113, IC95%: 0,027; 0,256) y el apoyo social de los docentes solo entre las niñas (ab: 0,135, IC95%: 0,019; 0,328), lo que indica un efecto indirecto estadísticamente significativo del programa sobre la actividad física de moderada a vigorosa a través de estos mediadores. Una parte relevante del efecto de una intervención multicomponente sobre la actividad física entre estudiantes de regiones vulnerables se explica por cambios a través de variables en diferentes niveles del modelo socioecológico, incluido el apoyo social de amigos y profesores y la actitud con relación a la actividad física. Estos resultados deben tenerse en cuenta en las políticas públicas.

Efforts are needed to better understand what are the effective pathways that can optimize success in school-based physical activity interventions. This study aimed to investigate the mediators of a school-based intervention in the practice of physical activity in Brazilian students. The Fortaleça sua Saúde [Strengthen Your Health] program followed 1,085 students (11-18 years) over a semester. This multi-component intervention included training teachers, offering physical activity opportunities, and health education. Self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and potential mediators (attitude, self-efficacy, social support, perceived neighborhood environment, and physical activity facilities at school) were assessed. The product of coefficient analysis was performed. The sample was composed of 1,085 students (51.5% boys). The total effect of the intervention was 0.706 (95%CI: 0.276; 1.136). A total of 40% of the intervention effect on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was explained by attitude towards physical activity and social support from friends and teachers. Social support from friends was a significant mediator only among boys (ab: 0.113, 95%CI: 0.027; 0.256), and social support from teachers only among girls (ab: 0.135, 95%CI: 0.019; 0.328); indicating a statistically significant indirect effect of the program on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity via these mediators. A relevant part of the effect of a multicomponent intervention on physical activity among students from vulnerable areas is explained by changes via variables at different levels of the socioecological model, including social support from friends and teachers, and attitude towards physical activity. These results should be considered in public policies.

ABSTRACT The knowledge of correlations between multiple characteristics in plant breeding leads to more effective selection strategies. The path analysis allows refining these correlations and partitioning them into direct and indirect effects on the main variable. The path analysis becomes more effective when based on predicted genotypic values rather than phenotypic values. The objective was to evaluate correlations between the main agronomic characteristics of grapevine cultivation and their direct and indirect effects on yield per plant to improve selection strategies to reach superior progenies. A randomized complete block design was installed using four cultivars and two rootstocks, five repetitions, and plots of four plants. Data from three crop seasons were analyzed from a mixed model and genetic correlations were subject to the path analysis. A high and positive significant correlation was found between average fruit production and the number of clusters per plant. On the other hand, the average production per plant showed a low correlation to cluster width and height per grapevine. Wider and higher berries tend to increase berry fresh mass and therefore increase the contents of soluble solids and reducing sugars. Among the features, the number of clusters per plant has the strongest direct effect on fruit production in grape cultivars. Berry fresh mass, berry length, and berry width were indirectly influenced by the number of clusters and showed high heritability compared to yield and number of clusters. These characteristics could be used in indirect selection. variable progenies rootstocks repetitions plants hand sugars features length