ABSTRACT Maize sowing is crucial for farm production and food security. Technological advancements, such as electric-pneumatic seed metering and integrated software, have been developed to promote economic and environmental sustainability. However, a limited understanding of the physical processes involved in sowing may compromise the effectiveness and reliability of these mechanisms. Besides uneven terrains, slope conditions require scientific investigation to assess their impact on corn-sowing operations. This study aimed to examine corn seed deposition on longitudinal and transverse slopes using a pneumatic seed metering system. The experiment was conducted on a static sowing bench, simulating various inclination angles. Results indicated that longitudinal inclination did not affect seed spacing consistency, while transverse slopes led to a higher incidence of unsatisfactory spacing. The study concluded that longitudinal slopes decrease corn seed deposition precision, which can be mitigated by level cultivation. Conversely, transverse slopes negatively impacted acceptable, double, and missed seed spacing during sowing. security advancements electricpneumatic electric software sustainability However mechanisms terrains cornsowing operations system bench angles consistency precision cultivation Conversely acceptable double

Efavirenz, an antiretroviral drug, is a class 2 according to the biopharmaceutics classification system. Many dissolution enhancement systems have been tried and our group had success using wet milling to decrease particle size and granules were obtained by spray and freeze drying. In this paper we present data related to the upgrade in the process, raising the solids concentration in the suspension from 10 to 50% (m/v) and changing the drying step for a fluid bed granulation. After that, tablets were obtained. Granules and tablets were fully evaluated and a pharmacokinetic study was also performed with the granules. By powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) it was possible to prove that there was no phase transition in the sample after milling and drying. Dissolution efficiency of 4 from 5 granules was higher than 90%, considering 83% for the raw material. Tablets were technically approved but the dissolution was impacted and just 2 out of 11 showed results > 80%. A high enhancement in the bioavailability was also observed, around 172%. So, it is possible to conclude that efavirenz microcrystals with enhanced dissolution and bioavailability can be formulated into tablets and are a viable system to develop a new drug product. Efavirenz process 1 50 m/v mv m v (m/v granulation Xray X ray PXRD (PXRD FTIR (FTIR 90 90% 83 material 80 80% observed 172 172% So product 9 8 17

ABSTRACT Langerhans cell histiocytosis comprises a heterogeneous range of clinical manifestations secondary to clonal proliferation of histiocytes, characterized by the accumulation of these cells in various organs and tissues. The ophthalmological component commonly involved is the orbit. Herein, we report a rare case of Langerhans cell histiocytosis with eyelid involvement, which resulted in severe ocular surface complications, which subsequently significantly impacted the patient’s quality of life. This case report highlights the fact that despite being rare, Langerhans cell histiocytosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of eyelid lesions. Furthermore, a multidisciplinary approach with a systemic overview is crucial for managing the ocular complications. histiocytes tissues orbit Herein involvement complications patients patient s life lesions Furthermore

ABSTRACT Quantifying the impact of driving factors on crop water productivity (WP) is essential for efficient agricultural water use. To date, few studies have investigated the influence of management and environmental factors on sugarcane WP at the mill scale. This study aimed to assess the contributions of management practice factors, weather variables, and soil management zones (SMZs) on on-farm sugarcane WP in a single mill in the southern region of Brazil. An extensive on-farm database of commercial sugarcane field plots was used with a weather database to estimate evapotranspiration and water-limited potential yield (Yw). This was achieved by employing a crop sugarcane model to calculate actual water productivity (WPa) and attainable water productivity (WPw). The results demonstrated an inverse relationship between management practices and WPa, while harvest date and vinasse positively impacted on WPa. The Yw, actual yield (Ya), actual evapotranspiration (ETa) or crop evapotranspiration (ETc), and WPa varied according to the SMZ. The lowest WPa values were observed in the worst soils. The analysis revealed that weather variables collectively accounted for 46.2 % of WPa variability, management practice factors accounted for 40.5 %, and SMZs contributed 13.3 % of WPa variability. Despite weather variables being the primary source of WPa variability, management practice factors still played a key role in WPa variability. (WP use scale (SMZs onfarm farm Brazil waterlimited limited Yw. Yw . (Yw) (WPa WPw. WPw (WPw) Ya, Ya , (Ya) ETa (ETa ETc, ETc (ETc) SMZ soils 462 46 2 46. variability 405 40 5 40. 133 13 3 13. (Yw (WPw (Ya (ETc 4 1

Resumen: La pandemia por COVID-19 influyó en el proceso de educación superior generando una transición entre la modalidad presencial a la modalidad en línea-emergente en la que se identificaron varias dificultades para el acceso debido a la inequidad, problemas tecnológicos, crisis de salud y económica a nivel mundial, y en Ecuador a nivel de docentes y estudiantes. El descubrimiento de conocimiento en bases de datos de KDD - Educacional, el análisis de técnicas de minería de datos de clasificación y agrupación, y el complemento de análisis de datos con la inteligencia de negocios determinaron los factores desde la perspectiva de la institución, del docente y de los estudiantes que inciden en el proceso de educación en línea, donde se demuestra además, la importancia del modelo de educación, la metodología del proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje, el entorno de aprendizaje y el bienestar de los docentes y estudiantes que garantizan una educación superior en línea de calidad con igualdad de oportunidades en el acceso.

Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted higher education, forcing a rapid transition from face-to-face modality to the emerging online learning modality. This transition exposed several challenges, including, inequitable access to technology, global health and economic crisis, and specific difficulties faced by both teachers and students in Ecuador. Knowledge discovery in KDD - Educational databases, the analysis of classification and clustering data mining techniques and the complement of data analysis with business intelligence determined the factors from the perspective of the institution, teachers and students that influence the online education process. In addition, the importance of the education model, the teaching-learning process methodology, the learning environment, and the well-being of teachers and students that guarantee quality online higher education with equal access opportunities is demonstrated.

RESUMEN El propósito de la investigación es examinar los sistemas de planificación y sus mecanismos regulatorios para entender cómo se organizan y regulan, ya sea parcial o completamente, dependiendo de la organización para lograr la consecución de objetivos. Las aportaciones teóricas de la investigación se centran en la conceptualización de la teoría de sistemas. El aporte metodológico se basa en el desarrollo de un esquema secuencial y lógico con la aplicación de un dendrograma de variables, que permite eliminar superposiciones entre el conjunto de conceptos analizados. Las conclusiones de la investigación permiten comprobar que las organizaciones son entidades dinámicas y cambiantes que se ven inevitablemente impactadas por el entorno en el que operan; además las instituciones funcionan sinérgicamente desde puntos de vista interrelacionados e interdependientes.

ABSTRACT The purpose of the research is to examine planning systems and their regulatory mechanisms to understand how they are organized and regulated, either partially or completely, depending on the organization to achieve the attainment of objectives. The theoretical contributions of the research are centered on the conceptualization of systems theory. The methodological contribution is based on the development of a sequential and logical scheme with the application of a dendrogram of variables, which allows eliminating overlaps between the set of concepts analyzed. The conclusions of the research show that organizations are dynamic and changing entities that are inevitably impacted by the environment in which they operate; in addition, institutions function synergistically from interrelated and interdependent points of view.

Abstract Introduction: The River Tambo basin is one of the main hydrographic systems of the Peruvian western watershed, being a source of development for agriculture, agroindustry, livestock, and domestic use in the Tambo Valley and Arequipa City. Objective: To analyze the structure of macroinvertebrates in River Tambo, Perú and assess the water quality through this community. Methods: Five sampling events were conducted between December 2018 and November 2019 in 12 stations, using a Surber net (500 μm). Macroinvertebrates were identified at a family level. To assess community structure, richness, Simpson’s dominance index (D), Pielou’s evenness (J’), and true diversity of order 1 were determined. A nMDS based on the Bray-Curtis index was used to evaluate dissimilarity. To check for differences in community structure, ANOSIM and two-way MANOVA were used. SIMPER was used to establish family contribution to sample similarity. Relations between physicochemical and biological variables were determined by CCA. ABI index was applied to assess ecological quality. Results: 32 families were recognized, being the most abundant: Baetidae, Chironomidae, Leptohyphidae, Simuliidae, Hydroptilidae, and Elmidae. The middle and low zones of the basin showed the highest and lowest diversity respectively. There were significant differences (P < 0.05) in the community structure indices among the 12 stations differed. There was a higher similarity among the 12 stations in December. ABI scores increased from the low to the middle part of the river, which showed the highest ecological quality. Conclusion: Macroinvertebrate communities from River Tambo reflect ecosystem conditions. Environments impacted by human activities show lower diversity and ecological quality, due to the structure, habitat, and water quality of the river being altered.

Resumen Introducción: La cuenca del rio Tambo es uno de los principales sistemas hidrográficos de la vertiente occidental del Perú y fuente de desarrollo para la agricultura, agroindustria, ganadería y consumo doméstico en el valle de Tambo y la ciudad de Arequipa. Objetivo: Analizar la estructura de macroinvertebrados en el río Tambo, Perú y evaluar la calidad del agua a través de esta comunidad. Métodos: Entre diciembre del 2018 y noviembre del 2019 se realizaron cinco muestreos en 12 estaciones, empleando una red Surber (500 μm). Los macroinvertebrados se identificaron a nivel de familia. Se registró la riqueza, dominancia de Simpson, equidad de Pielou, y diversidad verdadera de orden 1, para evaluar la estructura de la comunidad. Para estimar la similitud, se utilizó nMDS (índice de Bray-Curtis). Para verificar si existen diferencias en la estructura comunitaria, se empleó MANOVA de dos vías y ANOSIM. Para establecer la contribución de las familias a la similitud entre muestras, se utilizó SIMPER. La relación entre variables fisicoquímicas y biológicas se determinó con ACC. Se aplicó el índice ABI para evaluar la calidad ecológica. Resultados: se reconocieron 32 familias, siendo las más abundantes: Baetidae, Chironomidae, Leptohyphidae, Simuliidae, Hydroptilidae y Elmidae. La mayor y menor diversidad se presentó en la parte media y baja de la cuenca respectivamente. Existieron diferencias significativas (P < 0.05) de los índices de estructura comunitaria entre las 12 estaciones. Se evidenció mayor similitud entre las 12 estaciones en diciembre. Los puntajes del índice ABI se incrementan de la parte baja del río a la media, que se presentó la mejor calidad ecológica. Conclusión: Las comunidades de macroinvertebrados del río Tambo reflejan el estado del ecosistema. Los ambientes con impacto por actividad humana registran menor diversidad y calidad ecológica, ya que se altera la estructura, hábitat y calidad de agua del río.

Abstract Background: During the 19th century, the economic transformations caused by the Industrial Revolution led to a rise in pauperism among vulnerable populations. This phenomenon negatively impacted the health of these populations. Objective: To conduct a historiographical review of Concepción Arenal’s thinking from a nursing perspective. Methodology: This social, historical, and qualitative research focused on the delivery of holistic nursing care to vulnerable individuals based on Concepción Arenal’s social thinking. Data were collected from both primary and secondary sources. Results: Arenal’s book ‘‘La beneficencia, la filantropía y la caridad’’ advocated for the delivery of nursing care at home. To oppose the repulsion caused by hospitals and nursing staff in the 19th century, Arenal supported that nursing care should be carried out by well-educated and trained professional nurses. Conclusion: Arenal was a highly accomplished woman in the field of law. Currently, her ideas are gaining traction within the field of health, particularly in the areas of social and community health.

Resumo Enquadramento: A transformação económica provocada pela revolução industrial, originou inúmeros avanços no campo da tecnologia, no entanto, a nível sociológico determinou a emergência do pauperismo entre as pessoas vulneráveis, deteriorando a sua saúde. Objetivo: Efetuar uma revisão histórica sobre o pensamento de Concepción Arenal a partir da perspetiva da enfermagem. Metodologia: Estudo social, histórico e qualitativo com foco na provisão de cuidados de enfermagem holísticos baseados no pensamento social de Concepción Arenal. Os dados foram recolhidos em fontes primárias e secundárias. Resultados: O seu livro ‘‘La beneficencia, la filantropía y la caridad’’ constitui-se como uma defesa empenhada dos cuidados ao paciente em casa. Arenal defende que esses cuidados deveriam ser realizados por enfermeiros profissionais bem treinados de modo evitar a aversão causada pelos hospitais e pessoal de enfermagem na época. Conclusão: Arenal foi uma mulher de grande sucesso na sua área do direito. Atualmente, as suas ideias e contributo estão a ganhar relelvância no campo da saúde, particularmente nas áreas da saúde social e comunitária.

Resumen Marco contextual: Durante el siglo XIX, la transformación económica derivada de la revolución industrial provocó el pauperismo en las personas vulnerables, hecho que les deterioró su salud. Objetivo: Revisar historiográficamente el pensamiento de Concepción Arenal Ponte, desde una perspectiva enfermera. Metodología: Investigación social, histórica y cualitativa, relacionada con los cuidados de enfermería proporcionados de una forma holística a la persona vulnerable, a través del pensamiento social de Concepción Arenal. Recopilación de información: en fuentes primarias y secundarias. Resultados: Su obra ‘‘La beneficencia, la filantropía y la caridad’’ es una defensa cerrada del cuidado del paciente en su domicilio. Y para evitar la repulsa que, por entonces, causaban los hospitales y el personal de enfermería, Arenal defendió que dicho cuidado fuese realizado por enfermeras profesionales bien formadas y entrenadas. Conclusión: El pensamiento de Arenal, mujer muy destacada dentro del campo del derecho, comienza a ser actualmente muy relevante dentro del campo sanitario y cobra un especial interés tanto en el área social como en el área de la salud comunitaria.

Abstract International interaction as a result of globalization generates an impulse between the supply and demand of goods. However, there are items that limit access to products under the premise of protecting the national industry and balancing the economy. These aspects are known as export barriers. Although in 2014 there was a registry of 164 exporting companies in the state of Aguascalientes, the reasons why the companies decided not to export or exported sporadically were not identified. Given this situation, the study is presented that analyzes whether the legal barrier variables impact the export process of hydrocalid companies. An instrument is applied to exporting companies where it is statistically proven that the group of legal barriers does have a significant impact, generating this similarity of impact in previous studies of export barriers according to the literature. It is recommended to expand the sample size of future analysis, include current innovation variables derived from the latest events that impacted international trade such as COVID-19, in addition to generating a survey that can be used as a basis for export studies.

Resumen La globalización ha generado una interacción internacional que impulsa tanto la oferta como la demanda de mercancías. Sin embargo, ciertos sectores, con base en el concepto barreras a la exportación, imponen restricciones para proteger la industria nacional y equilibrar la economía. Aunque en 2014 se registraron 164 empresas exportadoras en el estado de Aguascalientes, no se han identificado las razones por las cuales algunas de ellas optaron por no exportar o lo hicieron de forma esporádica. Ante esta situación, surge el presente estudio con el fin de analizar si las barreras legales afectaron el proceso de exportación de las empresas en dicha región. Para ello, se ha aplicado un instrumento a empresas exportadoras que permitió demostrar estadísticamente que las barreras legales tienen un impacto significativo, lo cual concuerda con hallazgos similares de estudios previos. Para futuros trabajos se recomienda ampliar el tamaño de la muestra e incorporar variables actuales de innovación, especialmente aquellas derivadas de eventos recientes que hayan impactado el comercio internacional, como la pandemia de covid-19. Además, sería beneficioso desarrollar una encuesta que pueda servir como base para futuros estudios sobre exportación.

Resumo A globalização gerou uma interacção internacional que impulsiona tanto a oferta como a procura de bens. Contudo, determinados setores, baseados no conceito de barreiras à exportação, impõem restrições para proteger a indústria nacional e equilibrar a economia. Embora em 2014 estivessem registradas 164 empresas exportadoras no estado de Aguascalientes, não foram identificadas as razões pelas quais algumas delas optaram por não exportar ou o fizeram esporadicamente. Diante desta situação, o presente estudo surge com o objetivo de analisar se as barreiras legais afetaram o processo de exportação das empresas da referida região. Para tal, foi aplicado às empresas exportadoras um instrumento que nos permitiu demonstrar estatisticamente que as barreiras legais têm um impacto significativo, o que está de acordo com conclusões semelhantes de estudos anteriores. Para trabalhos futuros, recomenda-se ampliar o tamanho da amostra e incorporar variáveis de inovação atuais, especialmente aquelas derivadas de eventos recentes que impactaram o comércio internacional, como a pandemia de covid-19. Além disso, seria benéfico desenvolver um inquérito que pudesse servir de base para futuros estudos de exportação.

ABSTRACT The main objective of this empirical study is to provide empirical evidence that allows quantifying the impact of the supply chain on sustainable and firm performance during the COVID-19 pandemic. An electronic survey was applied to collect information on 65 manufacturing firms selected through simple random sampling, using the statistical technique of Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to analyze the data obtained using the SmartPLS 4.0 software. Furthermore, the analysis carried out in this study identifies a need for more theoretical and, above all, empirical evidence in this area, which prevents the generalization of the results obtained. Likewise, the results suggest that during the COVID-19 pandemic, the supply chain positively impacted sustainable performance. However, an adverse effect was also detected on firm performance, so it is possible to conclude that the COVID-10 pandemic substantially improved the sustainable performance of manufacturing companies. However, it also generated a decrease in their level of firm performance.

RESUMEN Este estudio empírico tiene como principal objetivo aportar evidencia empírica que permita cuantificar los efectos de la cadena de suministro en los rendimientos sustentable y empresarial durante de la pandemia del COVID-19. Se aplicó una encuesta electrónica para recolectar información de 65 empresas manufactureras seleccionadas mediante un muestreo aleatorio simple, utilizando la técnica estadística del Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelin (PLS-SEM) para el análisis de los datos obtenidos, mediante el uso del software SmartPLS 4.0. Además, el análisis realizado en este estudio identifica una falta de evidencia teórica y, sobre todo, empírica en esta área lo cual impide la generalización de los resultados obtenidos. Asimismo, los resultados obtenidos sugieren que durante la Pandemia del COVID-19 la cadena de suministro generó un impacto positivo en el rendimiento sustentable, pero también se detectó un impacto negativo en el rendimiento empresarial, por lo cual es posible concluir que durante la pandemia del COVID-19 se generó una mejora sustancial en el rendimiento sustentable de las empresas manufactureras, sin embargo, también generó una disminución en su nivel de rendimiento empresarial.

ABSTRACT In 2024, most of the population does not have behaviors in favor of caring for the environment, which reduces the possibility of achieving sustainable development, which is mainly characterized by implementing actions that contribute to the rational use of natural resources and minimize the effects of pollution, among others. The objective of the study was to determine the influence of regional environmental management on citizen ecological behavior in the department of Tacna. A sample of 384 citizens was considered, aged between 15 and 64 years who reside in the department of Tacna, using a stratified non-probabilistic sampling, distributed by province as follows: Tacna (357), Jorge Basadre (9), Candarave (10) and Tarata (8). The survey technique was used, through the application of two questionnaires: regional environmental management (16 items) and ecological citizen behavior (24 items). The findings of this research indicate that the ecological behavior of populationis impacted by the implementation of activities that make up the environmental management promoted by the Regional Government of Tacna, in addition to each of the dimensions (regional plans and policies, regional system environmental, regional environmental policy and regional environmental commissions) have influence on the variable ecological citizen behavior.

RESUMEN En el 2024, la mayor parte de la población peruana no cuenta con conductas a favor del cuidado del medioambiente, lo que disminuye la posibilidad de lograr un desarrollo sostenible, el cual se caracteriza principalmente por implementar acciones que contribuyan al uso racional de los recursos naturales y minimizar los efectos de la contaminación, entre otros. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la influencia de la gestión ambiental regional en la conducta ecológica ciudadana en el departamento de Tacna. Se consideró una muestra de 384 ciudadanos, con edades entre 15 y 64 años que residen en el departamento de Tacna, empleando un muestreo no probabilístico estratificado, distribuidos por provincia, de la siguiente manera: Tacna (357), Jorge Basadre (9), Candarave (10) y Tarata (8). Se utilizó la técnica de la encuesta, a través de la aplicación de dos cuestionarios: gestión ambiental regional (16 ítems) y conducta ecológica ciudadana (24 ítems). Los hallazgos de la presente investigación indican que la conducta ecológica de la población se ve impactada por la implementación de actividades que conforman la gestión ambiental impulsada por el Gobierno Regional de Tacna. Además, cada una de las dimensiones (planes y políticas regionales, sistema regional ambiental, política regional ambiental y comisiones ambientales regionales) tiene influencia sobre la variable conducta ecológica ciudadana.

Resumen El objetivo de la presente investigación es evaluar el efecto de los parámetros dinámicos del sistema de aislación (el grado de acoplamiento torsional (Ωb), el periodo de vibración (Tb), la razón de amortiguamiento crítico (ξb) y la excentricidad de rigidez de la base de aislación (erb)) en el comportamiento torsional de una familia de edificios con seis pisos y aislados en la base de concreto armado, considerando las excentricidades de rigidez o masa (er o em, respectivamente) en la superestructura. Estas modifican su comportamiento estructural ante sismos severos e incrementan los desplazamientos laterales y las derivas de manera significativa. Para ello, se realizó un análisis no lineal tiempo-historia a cada modelo estructural, por lo que estos se sometieron a un conjunto de siete registros de aceleraciones sísmicas, medidos en la costa de Perú y Chile, los cuales fueron escalados según el espectro de diseño de pseudoaceleraciones vigente en Perú. Como respuestas globales de interés, se consideran los desplazamientos laterales máximos y las derivas de entrepiso. Así pues, se observó que el efecto de em generó mayores amplificaciones en los desplazamientos laterales y derivas que er. Similarmente, el parámetro erb fue muy influyente en el comportamiento torsional de los edificios aislados con em y er, pues amplificó los desplazamientos laterales hasta en un 50 %. Además, el parámetro Tb impactó notablemente las derivas de entrepiso, ya que las redujo hasta en un 55 %. Por otro lado, los parámetros Ωb y ξb fueron poco influyentes en dichas respuestas.

Abstract This research aims to evaluate the effect of the dynamic parameters of the isolation system (the degree of torsional coupling (Ωb), the period of vibration (Tb), the critical damping ratio (ξb), and the stiffness eccentricity of the isolation base (erb)) on the torsional behavior of a six-story reinforced concrete building family, considering the stiffness or mass eccentricities (er or em, respectively) in the superstructure. These modify structural behavior under severe earthquakes and increase lateral displacements and drifts. For this purpose, a nonlinear time-history analysis was performed on each model by subjecting them to a set of seven seismic accelerations records, measured on the coast of Peru and Chile, which were scaled following the pseudo-acceleration design spectrum from Peru. The main global responses were the maximum lateral displacements and the inter-story drifts. It was observed that the effect of em generated more amplification on lateral displacements and drifts than er. In a similar way, the parameter erb was very influential on the torsional behavior of the isolated buildings with em and er, amplifying lateral displacements up to 50 %. In addition, the parameter Tb impacted mostly on the inter-story drifts, reducing it up to 55 %. On the other hand, the parameters Ωb and ξb did not significantly influence the responses of interest.

Resumen Objetivo Presentar dos casos clínicos inusuales de osteomielitis crónica en mandíbula, su resolución quirúrgica y destacar los aspectos clínicos, radiológicos e histológicos más relevantes. Casos clínicos Se reportaron dos casos clínicos de pacientes con osteomielitis crónica en mandíbula que acudieron al Servicio de Odontología del Hospital Interzonal General de Agudos “Eva Perón”. El primero fue un raro caso de osteomielitis ubicada de forma aislada en el cóndilo mandibular izquierdo. El tratamiento consistió en la resección quirúrgica del cóndilo mandibular afectado, seguido de terapia antibiótica a largo plazo. El segundo caso clínico se trató de un paciente con pericoronaritis asociado a un tercer molar inferior impactado. El tratamiento se basó en el desbridamiento quirúrgico más la colocación de drenaje, seguido de terapia antibiótica. En ambos pacientes el diagnóstico de osteomielitis se confirmó mediante el estudio histológico de las muestras quirúrgicas, y tras seguimiento de 24 y 12 meses para el caso 1 y 2 respectivamente, no se han reportado recurrencias de la patología.

Abstract Aim To present two unusual cases of chronic mandibular osteomyelitis, its surgical resolution and highlight the most relevant clinical, radiological and histological aspects. Clinical cases Two clinical cases of patients with chronic mandibular osteomyelitis who attended the Dentistry Service of the “Eva Perón” Interzonal General Acute Hospital were reported. The first was a rare case of osteomyelitis located isolated in the left mandibular condyle. Treatment consisted of surgical resection of the affected mandibular condyle, followed by long-term antibiotic therapy. The second clinical case was a patient with pericoronitis associated with an impacted lower third molar. Treatment was based on surgical debridement and drain placement, followed by antibiotic therapy. In both patients the diagnosis of osteomyelitis was confirmed by histological study of the surgical samples, and after follow-up of 24 and 12 months for cases 1 and 2 respectively, no recurrences of the pathology have been reported.

Abstract: This article analyzes how the Covid-19 pandemic impacted the school path, and induced distancing and disconnection of adolescents in two public high schools and one community center in the town of Santa Fe, a neighborhood of Mexico City. Case studies were carried out to provide an account of how adolescents experienced the pandemic and the return to face-to-face classes, for which in-depth interviews and focus groups were conducted. The theory that underpins this work allowed us to move away from the concepts of school dropout or school abandonment to construct the notion of school disconnection as an intermediate category that emerges from the data. The research reports results about academic and socioemotional problems, as well as the construction of knowledge for life such as self-care and care for others.

Resumen: Este artículo analiza cómo la pandemia de covid-19 afectó la trayectoria escolar, así como el distanciamiento y desconexión de adolescentes en dos secundarias públicas y un centro comunitario del pueblo de Santa Fe, Ciudad de México. Se realizaron estudios de caso para dar cuenta de cómo las y los adolescentes vivieron la pandemia y el retorno a clases presenciales, para ello se realizaron entrevistas a profundidad y grupos focales. La teoría fundamentada que sostiene este trabajo permitió alejarse de los conceptos de deserción o abandono escolar para construir la noción de desconexión escolar como una categoría intermedia que emerge de los datos. En la investigación se reportan resultados sobre los problemas académicos y socioemocionales, así como la construcción de saberes para la vida como el autocuidado y el cuidado del otro.

Abstract Framework: The Covid-19 pandemic has brought several challenges at an economic, labor, social, and organizational level, and organizations had to adopt strategies to ensure their functioning, as well as to ensure and promote the health and well-being of workers. Research Question/Goals: This study aimed to identify and describe (1) the impact of Covid-19 on the world of work and (2) the strategies that organizations have adopted to minimize this impact. Method: A descriptive qualitative cross-sectional study was carried out, where data were collected from 18 participants (10 Human Resources Managers, five specialists from relevant fields regarding professional experiences with Covid-19, and three representatives of public entities and Portuguese civil society from the fields of work and gender) through semi-structured interviews. The data were analyzed using thematic categorical content analysis with the support of NVivo®. Results: The pandemic impacted (RQ1) on work, economic and labor, work-life balance, and health and well-being. The measures (RQ2) most frequently implemented by the organizations were in terms of health and safety at work, adaptation to teleworking, work-life balance, and communication. Final considerations: The data points to increasingly remote and flexible work transformed by new technologies. In the (re)design of the work, it is essential to consider the characteristics and needs of each worker.

Resumo Introdução/Enquadramento: A pandemia Covid-19 trouxe diversos desafios a nível económico e laboral, social e organizacional, tendo as organizações que adotar estratégias para garantir o seu funcionamento, mas também garantir e promover a saúde e bem-estar dos trabalhadores. Questão de Investigação/Objetivos: Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar e descrever: (1) o impacto da Covid-19 no mundo do trabalho, e (2) as estratégias que as organizações adotaram para minimizar esse impacto. Método: Foi realizado um estudo transversal qualitativo descritivo, onde foram recolhidos dados de 18 participantes (10 Gestores de Recursos Humanos, cinco especialistas de áreas relevantes sobre as vivências profissionais com a Covid-19 e três representantes de entidades públicas e da sociedade civil portuguesa nas áreas do trabalho e do género) através de entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os dados foram analisados à luz da análise de conteúdo categorial temática, com o apoio do NVivo®. Resultados: A pandemia teve impacto (QI1) a nível do trabalho, económico e laboral, da conciliação, e da saúde e bem-estar. As medidas (QI2) mais frequentemente implementadas pelas organizações foram ao nível da higiene e segurança no trabalho, adaptação ao teletrabalho, conciliação e comunicação. Considerações finais: Os dados apontam para um mundo do trabalho cada vez mais remoto e flexível, transformado pelo uso das novas tecnologias. No (re)desenho do trabalho é essencial ter em conta as características e necessidades de cada trabalhador.