Abstract In order to widen the application fields of thermosetting composites, this research aims to identify the bioresins and biofibers more resistant to weathering, enabling their use outdoors. Data were collected from experimental research on composites made from synthetic or plant-derived matrix with plant or hybrid fibers, and using various molding processes, reinforcement geometries, alignment and treatment of fibers and fiber/matrix fractions. The investigation searched for researches that studied the composites tensile and flexural strengths; their water absorption in 24 hours of immersion and until saturation; and their retention of mechanical strength after aging. The effect of matrix and fiber types and their fractions on these properties was studied. Results indicate that composites with plant-derived matrix absorb less water in 24h, and that composites with flax, sisal or hemp have the lowest water absorption at saturation and the greater retention of tensile strength after aging. In other words, apparently these composites are less prone to weathering and thus have potential for outdoor use. However, regardless of the fiber type, as its content increases, the retention of flexural strength of composites decreases, limiting their usage in some applications. outdoors plantderived derived processes geometries fibermatrix strengths 2 aging 24h h flax words However type increases decreases applications

Resumo Buscando ampliar a aplicação dos compósitos termorrígidos, esta pesquisa objetiva identificar as bioresinas e biofibras mais resistentes às intempéries, contribuindopara seu uso externo. Foram levantadas pesquisas experimentais sobre compósitos com matriz sintética ou vegetal e fibras vegetais ou híbridas, com diferentes processos de moldagem, geometrias de reforço, alinhamento e tratamento das fibras e frações fibras/matriz. Buscou-se trabalhos que estudaram as resistências à tração e à flexão; a absorção de água dos compósitos em 24h de imersão e até a saturação; e sua retenção da resistência mecânica após envelhecimento. Investigou-se a influência do tipo de matriz e de fibra e de suas frações nessas propriedades. Resultados indicam que compósitos de matriz vegetal absorvem menos água em 24h, e que compósitos com linho, sisal ou cânhamo possuem a menor absorção de água na saturação e maior retenção da resistência à tração após o envelhecimento. Isto é, aparentemente esses compósitos sofrem menos danos devido às intempéries, possuindo maior potencial para uso externo. Mas, independentemente da fibra, conforme sua quantidade aumenta, diminui a retenção da resistência à flexão dos compósitos, limitando sua aplicação. termorrígidos intempéries externo híbridas moldagem reforço fibrasmatriz fibras/matriz Buscouse Buscou se h envelhecimento Investigouse Investigou propriedades linho é Mas aumenta

RESUMEN La soja forrajera (Neonotonia wightii) es una leguminosa frecuentemente utilizada como cubierta en cultivos de campo. Sin embargo, al ser una especie de la subfamilia Phaseoloideae, se caracteriza por la latencia física de la semilla, lo que dificulta obtener una germinación alta, homogénea y rápida. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar cuál método de escarificación estimula en mayor medida el proceso de germinación, se evaluaron tiempos de inmersión desde los 5 hasta los 20 minutos en ácido sulfúrico (98%), 24 horas en inmersión en hipoclorito de sodio (5,4%), agua y ácido giberélico [100 ppm], 15 minutos con lija y el combinado de estas dos últimas, las cuales fueron distribuidas en un diseño experimental completamente al azar, donde se evaluaron ocho tratamientos y un testigo, tres repeticiones cada uno y 200 semillas como unidades experimentales, sometidas en condiciones controladas (cámaras de germinación a temperaturas y humedad relativa constantes de 27 °C y 70%, respectivamente) durante la primavera del 2022. Los resultados fueron favorables, un alto porcentaje de germinación se obtuvo de las semillas sometidas a un tiempo de inmersión de 20 minutos en ácido sulfúrico (90% de germinación y un promedio de germinación de seis semillas germinadas por día) y fue significativamente mayor que el resto. Este método resulta efectivo para romper la latencia física de las semillas, debido a la remoción de la cubierta impermeable, permitiendo la inhibición en agua y consecuentemente la activación del metabolismo de la semilla.

ABSTRACT Forage soybean (Neonotonia wightii) is a legume frequently used as a cover crop in field crops. However, as a species of the Phaseoloideae subfamily, it is characterized by the physical latency of the seed, which makes it difficult to obtain a high, homogeneous, and rapid germination. The aim of the present study was to determine which method of scarification stimulates the germination process to a greater extent. The following immersion times were evaluated: 5 to 20 minutes in 98% sulfuric acid, 24 hours in 5.4% sodium hypochlorite, water, and gibberellic acid [100 ppm], 15 minutes of treatment with sandpaper and the combination of these last two. They were distributed in a completely randomized experimental design, where eight treatments and a control were evaluated, with three replicates each and 200 seeds as experimental units, subjected to controlled conditions (germination chambers at constant temperatures and a relative humidity of 27 °C and 70%, respectively) during the spring of 2022. The results were favorable, a high germination percentage was obtained from seeds subjected to a 20-minute immersion time in sulfuric acid (90% germination and an average of six germinated seeds per day) and this was significantly higher than the rest, making it an effective method to break the physical latency of the seeds, as it removes the impermeable cover allowing inhibition and consequently the activation of the seed's metabolism.

Abstract Cabbage larvae (Pieris brassicae, Lepidoptera: Pieridae) are an important pest in organic farming; therefore, biological pest control alternatives are being sought. The effect of Beauveria bassiana (Bb) combined with diatomaceous earth (DE) in a polyvinyl alcohol flask (Bbl), as well as the combination between them (Bb+DE, BbI+DE) on P. brassicae and Galleria mellonella larvae inoculated by aspersion or immersion was evaluated. Prior to the experiment, the viability of B. bassiana was assessed and one of three commercial brands of diatomaceous earth was selected based on the shape and damage caused to G. mellonella. Radial shapes with and without edges were more common in the diatomaceous earth types, but these did not define efficacy on cuticle damage. The result showed that the Bb+DE treatment had greater damage, followed by the Bbl+DE treatment applied by aspersion. The highest mortality in G.mellonella was 70.1 % with Bb at 120 h after sprinkled, while in P. brassicae, mortality reached 42.1 % with Bbl+DE; thus, it is important to highlight the importance of the inoculation method and larvae types used when effectiveness bio-trials are performed.

Resumen La larva de la col (Pieris brassicae, Lepidóptera: Pieridae), es una plaga importante en la agricultura orgánica, por lo que se buscan alternativas para su control. En este estudio, se evaluó el efecto de Beauveria bassiana sola (Bb) y combinada con tierra de diatomea (TD) en matrices de alcohol polivinílico (BbI), así como la combinación entre estos (Bb+TD, BbI+TD) en larvas de P. brassicae y Galleria mellonella inoculadas por aspersión y por inmersión. Previo al experimento, se evaluó la viabilidad de B. bassiana, y seleccionó una de tres marcas comerciales de tierra de acuerdo con su forma y daño provocado en G. mellonella, donde las formas radiales con y sin borde fueron mas frecuentes en los tipos de tierra, sin embargo, estas no definieron la eficacia en daño de cutícula. El resultado mostró que el tratamiento Bb+TD tuvo mayor daño, seguido del tratamiento BbI+TD aplicados por aspersión. La mortalidad más alta en G. mellonella fue 70.1 % con Bb a las 120 h después de aperjado, mientras que en P. brassicae la mortalidad alcanzó 42.1 % con BbI+TD, por lo que hay que destacar la importancia del método de inoculación y el tipo de larva utilizada al realizar bioensayos de efectividad.

SUMMARY: The purpose of this research was to understand how second-semester students of the Medicine and Surgery academic program at Universidad del Valle learn about the main ideas of Human Macroscopic Anatomy (HMA). As a methodological proposal, a case study was carried out. Students' knowledge and understanding of HMA was assessed. For this, the Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) model was taken into account, which includes the motivations and interests for learning, as well as the student’ previous ideas. A participant observation of the theoretical and practical classes was carried out for 16 weeks, recording observations in a field diary, and obtaining audiovisual material. All the information was organized in an analytical index, creating codes for the analysis. The analysis, interpretation and representation of results were done using the ATLAS.ti 22 software. It was found that students learn the main ideas of HMA through a process that implies commitment to their academic training, where interests, motivations, prior knowledge and participation are involved. It is important that different study methods are used during this process, and that there is the support from the professor and the institution, who should favor the learning and immersion of the students into the academic world and university culture, through the design of proposals that integrate teaching, learning and assessment, and also take into account the social and cultural realities of their students.

RESUMEN: El propósito de esta investigación fue comprender cómo los estudiantes de segundo semestre del programa académico de Medicina y Cirugía de la Universidad del Valle aprenden sobre las ideas principales de la Anatomía Macroscópica Humana (AMH). Como propuesta metodológica se realizó un estudio de caso. Se evaluó el conocimiento y comprensión de los estudiantes sobre la AMH. Para ello se tomó en cuenta el modelo de Conocimiento Pedagógico del Contenido (CPC), que incluye las motivaciones e intereses por el aprendizaje, así como las ideas previas de los estudiantes. Se realizó una observación participante de las clases teóricas y prácticas durante 16 semanas, registrando las observaciones en un diario de campo y obteniendo material audiovisual. Toda la información se organizó en un índice analítico, creando códigos para el análisis. El análisis, interpretación y representación de los resultados se realizó mediante el software ATLAS.ti 22. Se encontró que los estudiantes aprenden las ideas principales de la AME a través de un proceso que implica compromiso con su formación académica, en donde se involucran intereses, motivaciones, conocimientos previos y participación. Es importante que durante este proceso se utilicen diferentes métodos de estudio, y que se cuente con el apoyo del docente y de la institución, quienes deben favorecer el aprendizaje y la inmersión de los estudiantes en el mundo académico y la cultura universitaria, mediante el diseño de propuestas que integren la enseñanza, el aprendizaje y la evaluación, y que además tengan en cuenta las realidades sociales y culturales de sus estudiantes.

Neste trabalho, apresento algumas partes da minha dissertação defendida em 2023, onde analiso depoimentos produzidos e compartilhados durante as dinâmicas efetivadas no campo de pesquisa. Realizei observação participante no programa “Território Hip-Hop” da prefeitura de São Paulo – uma iniciativa de política pública conquistada pela militância da cultura Hip-Hop na cidade. Essa imersão permitiu compreender os desenvolvimentos e interações de jovens negros/as e periféricos/as participantes das atividades do programa. Utilizei trechos de rap de artistas como Baco Exu do Blues, Cristal e Djonga para a produção de dados. As músicas foram usadas como provocações, permitindo levantar questões e reflexões, mais do que apenas fornecer respostas definitivas. Organizei um experimento com dois grupos focais e realizei entrevistas semiestruturadas com alguns/as desses/as adolescentes, captando suas perspectivas e conhecimentos situados. Essa abordagem metodológica permitiu uma análise das experiências, das construções de identidades e posicionamentos dos/as jovens, contextualizando suas vivências no cotidiano. Durante a produção e análise dos dados, investiguei as vozes e conhecimentos desses jovens identificados com a cultura Hip-Hop. Busquei compreender os efeitos subjetivos das mensagens de negritude presentes no rap, que descrevem as realidades raciais no Brasil. Desse modo, analisei como essas mensagens influenciam trajetórias e perspectivas de vida, moldando identidades e identificações. As entrevistas e discussões revelaram o rap como uma poderosa ferramenta transformadora que estimula reflexões profundas e transcende a luta contra opressões, sendo um saber realizado pelo corpo e pela voz, representando múltiplas vivências.

In this paper, I present some parts of my dissertation defended in 2023, where I analyze testimonies produced and shared during the dynamics carried out in the research field. I carried out participant observation in the “Território Hip-Hop” program of the city of São Paulo – a public policy initiative achieved by the activism of Hip-Hop culture in the city. This immersion allowed me to understand the dynamics and interactions of young black people and people from the outskirts of the city who participated in the program’s activities. I used rap excerpts from artists such as Baco Exu do Blues, Cristal and Djonga to produce data. The songs were used as provocations, allowing questions and reflections to be raised, rather than just providing definitive answers. I organized an experiment with two focus groups and conducted semi-structured interviews with some of these adolescents, capturing their perspectives and situated knowledge. This methodological approach allowed an analysis of the experiences, identity constructions and positioning of the young people, contextualizing their experiences in everyday life. During the production and analysis of the data, I investigated the voices and knowledge of these young people who identify with Hip-Hop culture. I sought to understand the subjective effects of the messages of blackness present in rap, which describe racial realities in Brazil. In this way, I analyzed how these messages influence life trajectories and perspectives, shaping identities and identifications. The interviews and discussions revealed rap as a powerful transformative tool that stimulates deep reflections and transcends the fight against oppression, being a knowledge carried out by the body and voice, representing multiple experiences.

ABSTRACT This study aims to develop an eco-friendly, recyclable, and cost-effective composite material for use in storage sheds and machine workshops. The new composite consists of stone dust and gravel bricks bonded by recycled polypropylene through heat treatment. The main focus of this study is to determine the effects of varying polymer proportions on the resistance and permeability properties of the studied composite, intending to achieve optimal properties, i.e., high resistance and low permeability. To do this, the 2² factorial arrangement was employed, comprising four treatments along with three central points, each replicated three times. The data was statistically analyzed at a 95% confidence level from an adapted methodology. This involved tests of compression strength, 3-point bending strength, Los Angeles abrasion, and water absorption by immersion, in which three percentages of polymer content (PC) - 15, 25, and 35% - and aggregates (fine sand, medium sand, and coarse sand - FS, MS, and CS) were used to prepare the composite. The developed composite was deemed suitable for use in storage warehouses and machine workshops, as it presented physical and mechanical appropriate characteristics, i.e., a low water absorption rate and high resistance to compression and abrasion, in addition to being an environmentally friendly composite. ecofriendly, ecofriendly eco friendly, eco-friendly recyclable costeffective cost effective workshops treatment ie i e i.e. 2 employed points times 95 methodology strength 3point point 3 abrasion immersion PC (PC 15 25 35 fine FS MS CS characteristics i.e 9 1

RESUMO Este estudo tem como objetivo desenvolver um material compósito ecológico, reciclável e de baixo custo para uso em galpões de armazenamento e oficinas de máquinas. O novo compósito consiste em um bloco de pó de pedra e cascalho unidos por polipropileno reciclado através de tratamento térmico. O foco principal deste estudo é determinar os efeitos de variações nas proporções de polímeros nas propriedades de resistência e permeabilidade do compósito estudado, visando alcançar propriedades ótimas, ou seja, alta resistência e baixa permeabilidade. Para isso, utilizou-se o arranjo fatorial 2², composto por quatro tratamentos e três pontos centrais, cada um replicado três vezes. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente com nível de confiança de 95% a partir de metodologia adaptada. Isso envolveu testes de resistência à compressão, resistência à flexão em 3 pontos, abrasão Los Angeles e absorção de água por imersão, nos quais três porcentagens de teor de polímero (PC) - 15, 25 e 35% - e agregados (areia fina, areia média, e areia grossa - FS, MS e CS) foram usadas para preparar o compósito. O compósito desenvolvido foi considerado adequado para utilização em armazéns e oficinas de máquinas, pois apresentou características físicas e mecânicas adequadas, ou seja, baixa taxa de absorção de água e alta resistência à compressão e abrasão, além de ser um compósito ecologicamente correto. ecológico máquinas térmico estudado ótimas seja isso utilizouse utilizou se 2² centrais vezes 95 adaptada imersão PC (PC 15 2 35 fina média FS CS adequadas correto 9 1

Abstract This study is set within the realm of community education, focusing on teachers working with Tseltal communities in Chiapas, Mexico. Historically, interactions between learning assessment and indigenous communities have been contentious due to the past use of assessment as a tool for control and accountability, creating inequities in these settings. This research aims to bridge these dimensions, investigating how Tseltal teachers understand the notion of learning assessment from their own cultural and linguistic context. The aim was to understand this process through the unique assessment concepts and practices of community educators. Thus, the main purpose is to comprehend how, from culture and language, Tseltal community teachers in Chiapas conceptualize learning assessment. A qualitative methodological approach was used, taking the systematization of experiences as the main interpretive and analytical reference. It is important to note that this study presents information from an initial immersion in the field.

Resumen Este estudio se sitúa en el ámbito de la educación comunitaria y se enfoca en los docentes que trabajan con comunidades tseltales en Chiapas, México. Tradicionalmente, las interacciones entre la evaluación del aprendizaje y las comunidades indígenas han sido conflictivas debido al histórico uso de la evaluación como herramienta de control y rendición de cuentas, generando inequidades en estos contextos. Esta investigación intenta establecer un puente entre estas dimensiones, indagando en cómo entienden los maestros tseltales la noción de la evaluación del aprendizaje a partir de su propio contexto cultural y lingüístico. Se buscó entender este proceso a través de las concepciones y prácticas de evaluación propias de los educadores comunitarios. Así, el propósito principal es entender cómo, desde la cultura y el idioma, los docentes comunitarios tseltales en Chiapas conceptualizan la evaluación del aprendizaje. Se utilizó un enfoque metodológico cualitativo, tomando la sistematización de experiencias como principal referencia interpretativa y analítica. Es importante señalar que este estudio presenta información de una primera inmersión en el campo.

Abstract: This study focuses on the implementation of real-time 360° video for the initial training of elementary education mathematics teachers through tele-immersion. It examines how this technology influences the perception, interpretation, and decision-making of preservice teachers, referred to as noticing ability. Based on a descriptive qualitative design, the interactions and decisions of 32 future teachers involved in collaborative statistical problem-solving classes were analyzed. The methodology included four phases of collaboration and reflection, supported by a knowledge management and tele-immersion model using 360° cameras. The results indicated that tele-immersion facilitated a deep immersion in real pedagogical contexts, improving perception and decision-making skills at the level of experienced teachers. The immersion, in synergy with the collaboration between practicing teachers and academic trainers, facilitated an effective transition in several key categories, such as: the role, from student to teacher; the space, from university classroom to school classroom; the knowledge, from general to specific in solving and guiding statistical problems; and the activity, from design to implementation. Despite technical challenges, tele-immersion proved to be an invaluable tool for teacher training, promoting a deeper and more effective integration between theory and practice.

Resumen: Este estudio se centra en la implementación de videos 360° en tiempo real para la formación inicial de profesores de matemáticas de educación básica mediante la tele-inmersión. Se analiza cómo esta tecnología influye en la capacidad de noticing de los estudiantes de pedagogía; es decir, su percepción, habilidades interpretativas y toma de decisiones. A partir de un diseño cualitativo descriptivo, se examinaron las interacciones y decisiones de 32 futuros docentes involucrados en clases de resolución colaborativa de problemas estadísticos. La metodología abarcó cuatro fases de colaboración y reflexión, apoyadas en un modelo de gestión del conocimiento y tele-inmersión utilizando cámaras 360°. Los resultados indicaron que la tele-inmersión facilita un involucramiento profundo en contextos pedagógicos reales, lo que mejora la percepción y capacidad de tomar decisiones desde el contacto con el nivel de docentes experimentados. La inmersión, en sinergia con la colaboración entre docentes en ejercicio y formadores académicos, propició una transición efectiva en varias categorías clave como: el rol, desde estudiante a profesor; el espacio, del aula universitaria al escolar; el conocimiento, de uno general a uno específico en la resolución y guía de problemas estadísticos; y la actividad, desde el diseño hasta la implementación. A pesar de los desafíos técnicos, la tele-inmersión demostró ser una herramienta invaluable para la formación docente, al promover una integración más profunda y efectiva entre teoría y práctica.

Abstract: One of the main challenges in teacher education is the integration of the theoretical knowledge, practical skills, and adaptive capacities necessary to handle the complexities of teaching. Research in practice-based teacher education -focusing on ‘pedagogies of practice’ (representation, decomposition, and approximation)- offers a framework for achieving this integration. This approach identifies the practices that every novice teacher should master by the end of their initial training, along with the methodologies to develop them during their education. This special issue, Towards Practice-Based Teacher Education, presents seven empirical studies conducted in Latin America (6) and Europe (1), addressing this training from diverse perspectives and methodologies. The studies focus on phenomena such as modeling by teacher educators, the development of the skill of ‘noticing’, video observation, simulations, tele-immersion, and the university-school relationship. Based on the analysis of these studies, we discuss the need to incorporate feedback, recomposition, and evaluation into the pedagogies of practice.

Resumen: Uno de los principales desafíos en la formación docente es integrar los conocimientos teóricos y prácticos con las capacidades adaptativas necesarias para manejar las complejidades de la enseñanza. La investigación en formación docente basada en la práctica -centrada en las ‘pedagogías de la práctica’ (representación, descomposición y aproximación)- ofrece un marco para lograr esta integración. Este enfoque identifica las prácticas que todo docente novato debe dominar al finalizar su formación inicial, así como las metodologías para desarrollarlas durante su formación. Este número temático Hacia una formación docente basada en la práctica presenta siete estudios empíricos, realizados en Latinoamérica (6) y Europa (1), que abordan este tipo de formación desde diversas perspectivas y metodologías. Los estudios se centran en fenómenos como el modelamiento por parte de los formadores, el desarrollo de la habilidad de noticing, la observación de videos, las simulaciones, la tele-inmersión y la relación entre universidad y escuela. A partir del análisis de estos estudios, se discute la necesidad de incorporar la retroalimentación, la recomposición y la evaluación en las pedagogías de la práctica.

Abstract Digital storytelling apps can be suitable for stimulating and assessing oral communicative competence, which consists of the linguistic, sociolinguistic and pragmatic competences. Therefore, after evaluating the immersive potential of the app Imagistory and its ability to foster oral production in early childhood education, this empirical research-non experimental, descriptive and observational-focuses on: 1) assessing the oral communicative competence of early childhood education students (N=93), through the recording of their oral speech via this app, and 2) identifying the relationship between the competence level showed and the engagement generated by the narrative task with the app. The methodology is mixed: qualitative, attached to the hermeneutic paradigm-as the researchers analyses the content of the stories created considering the indicators related to the oral communicative competence-, and, quantitative, linked to the statistical treatment of data collected with an instrument designed and validated (α=0.805). The results highlight a medium-high competence level of the students, regardless of their age and genre. Good pronunciation is detected as well as a correct use of morphological elements, verbal tenses, and vocabulary in their oral productions. This competence correlates significantly with the engagement generated by the app. The sequence of illustrations included has increased their interest, curiosity, and immersion in the story, thus contributing to the creation of a coherent and cohesive oral story. In conclusion, these tools allow assessing the oral speech in early childhood, developing the initial diagnosis of this competence, detecting their limitations, and verifying their progress.

Resumen Las apps creadoras de relatos digitales pueden ser idóneas para estimular y evaluar la competencia comunicativa oral, explicada a partir de las competencias lingüística, socio-lingüística y pragmática. Así, tras evaluar el potencial inmersivo y la capacidad para potenciar la producción verbal en la Educación Infantil de la app Imagistory, esta investigación empírica -no experimental, descriptiva y observacional- se centra en: 1) evaluar la competencia comunicativa oral del alumnado de educación infantil (N=93) mediante el registro de sus producciones orales utilizando dicha app, y 2) identificar la relación entre el nivel competencial mostrado y el engagement suscitado por la tarea narrativa apoyada en la app. La metodología es mixta: ‘cualitativa’, adscrita al paradigma hermenéutico, pues los investigadores analizan el contenido de los relatos elaborados atendiendo a indicadores intrínsecos a la competencia comunicativa oral y, ‘cuantitativa’, ligada al tratamiento estadístico de los datos recabados con un instrumento diseñado y validado (α=0,805). Los resultados subrayan un nivel competencial del alumnado medio-alto, independientemente de la edad y género, detectándose la buena pronunciación y uso correcto de elementos morfológicos, tiempos verbales y vocabulario en sus producciones orales. Esta competencia se correlaciona significativamente con el engagement suscitado por la app. La secuencia de ilustraciones que presenta ha incrementado su interés, curiosidad e inmersión en la historia, lo que contribuye a la construcción de un relato oral coherente y cohesionado. En conclusión, estas herramientas permiten evaluar el discurso oral en primeras edades, elaborar el diagnóstico inicial de esta competencia, detectar las limitaciones del alumnado y constatar su progreso.

ABSTRACT: Eryngiumfoetidum exhibits low germination rates and heterogeneous seed maturation. Thus, in order to reduce problems during seedling production, a number of treatments can be used. The aim of this study was to assess the physiological quality of Amazon chicory seeds submitted to water immersion treatments. Two experiments were conducted, under controlled temperature (25 ºC) and nursery conditions, with six treatments (0, 12, 24, 36 and 48 hours) in each. A completely randomized design was used in the controlled condition and random blocks in the nursery. The following were assessed: germination/emergence speed index (GSI/ESI), mean germination/emergence time (MGT/MET), germination/emergence percentage, normal seedling development, fresh weight and dry weight. The data were submitted to linear and second-order polynomial regression analysis in the R statistical program. Under controlled conditions, Maximum GSI was 4.65 after 18.03 hours of immersion, and for MGT, 12 h of immersion provided a shorter average time (13.76 days) and obtained 39.26% of germinated seeds after 26.27 h of immersion, as well as 19.34% of normal seedlings in 27.97 h. In the nursery, a lower MET was observed after 48 h and mean fresh and dry weight were higher after 12 h (18.47 and 1.44 g, respectively). Thus, water immersion for 12 hours resulted in a shorter germination time and higher fresh and dry weight, and the treatment may have helped reactivate embryo metabolism and growth. ABSTRACT maturation Thus production conducted 25 (2 ºC conditions 0, 0 (0 24 3 4 each assessed germinationemergence emergence GSI/ESI, GSIESI GSI/ESI , ESI (GSI/ESI) MGT/MET, MGTMET MGT/MET MGT (MGT/MET) percentage development secondorder second program 465 65 4.6 1803 18 03 18.0 1 13.76 1376 13 76 (13.7 days 3926 39 26 39.26 2627 27 26.2 1934 19 34 19.34 2797 97 27.9 18.47 1847 47 (18.4 144 44 1.4 g respectively. respectively . respectively) growth 2 ( (GSI/ESI (MGT/MET 46 6 4. 180 18. 13.7 137 7 (13. 392 39.2 262 26. 193 19.3 279 9 27. 18.4 184 (18. 14 1. 13. (13 39. 19. (18 (1

RESUMO: A Eryngium foetidum apresenta desuniformidade e baixas taxas de germinação. Assim, visando reduzir as problemáticas durante a produção de mudas, alguns tratamentos podem ser realizados. Por isso, essa pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade fisiológica de sementes de chicória da Amazônia submetidas a tratamentos de imersão em água. Foram realizados dois experimentos, em condição controlada de temperatura (25 ºC) e em condição de viveiro, testados seis tratamentos (0, 12, 24, 36 e 48 horas) em ambos. Na condição controlada, utilizou-se delineamento inteiramente casualizado e no viveiro, blocos ao acaso. Sendo avaliado: índice de velocidade de germinação/emergência (IVG/IVE), tempo médio de germinação/emergência (TMG/TME), porcentagem de germinação/emergência, desenvolvimento de plântulas normais, massa fresca e massa seca. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de regressão linear e polinomial de 2ª ordem no programa estatístico computacional “R”. Na condição controlada, o IVG apresentou valor máximo de 4,65 após estimativa de 18,03 horas de imersão, para o TMG 12 h de imersão proporcionou tempo médio menor (13,76 dias) e obteve 39,26% de sementes germinadas após estimativa de 26,27 h de imersão, assim como 19,34% de plântulas normais em 27,97 h. Enquanto no viveiro, para o TME observou menor valor após 48 h e massa fresca e seca se obteve maiores médias após 12 h, 18,47 g e 1,44 g, respectivamente. Assim, a imersão em água por 12 horas proporcionou menor tempo de germinação e maior massa fresca e seca, possivelmente o tratamento auxiliou na reativação do metabolismo e crescimento do embrião. RESUMO Assim mudas isso experimentos 25 (2 ºC viveiro 0, 0 (0 24 3 4 ambos utilizouse utilizou acaso avaliado germinaçãoemergência emergência IVG/IVE, IVGIVE IVG/IVE , IVE (IVG/IVE) TMG/TME, TMGTME TMG/TME (TMG/TME) ª R. R . “R” 465 65 4,6 1803 18 03 18,0 1 13,76 1376 13 76 (13,7 dias 3926 39 26 39,26 2627 27 26,2 1934 19 34 19,34 2797 97 27,9 1847 47 18,4 144 44 1,4 respectivamente embrião 2 ( (IVG/IVE (TMG/TME “R 46 6 4, 180 18, 13,7 137 7 (13, 392 39,2 262 26, 193 19,3 279 9 27, 184 14 1, 13, (13 39, 19, (1

RESUMEN Este artículo presenta resultados parciales del proyecto de investigación “Casas comunitarias de las artes: memoria histórica, identidades y educación popular ambiental”. El objetivo principal de la investigación fue crear libros-arte para valorar y preservar la identidad individual y colectiva de Engabao (Guayas) y Casa de Acogida “Niño Manuelito” (Azogues). La investigación se realizó con un enfoque cualitativo, centrado en los métodos de la investigación acción (IA) y a través del método hermenéutico (lectura-interpretación-creación-recreación), llevado a cabo por medio de una experiencia pedagógica de inmersión en las comunidades mencionadas, con los estudiantes de la carrera de Pedagogía de las Artes y Humanidades de la Universidad de las Artes. En conclusión, esta dinámica de inmersión educativa en territorio considera al libro-arte como una herramienta didáctica ideal para la transferencia de saberes en comunidad, y como una opción de praxis artística pertinente y replicable en otros contextos. Este trabajo implicó, pues, ofrecer experiencias de aprendizaje artísticas, innovadoras y creativas a personas situadas en contextos deprimidos.

ABSTRACT This article presents partial results of the research project “Community Art Houses: Historical Memory, Identities, and Popular Environmental Education”. The main objective of the research was to create art books to value and preserve the individual and collective identity in Engabao (Guayas) and the “Niño Manuelito” Shelter home (Azogues). The research was conducted with a qualitative approach, focused on action research methods (AR), and through the hermeneutic method (reading-interpretation-creation-recreation), carried out through a pedagogical immersion experience in the mentioned communities, with students from the Pedagogy of Arts and Humanities program at the University of Arts. As a conclusion, this dynamic of educational immersion in the territory considers the art book as an ideal didactic tool for the transfer of knowledge within the community, and as a pertinent and replicable option for artistic praxis in other contexts. This work involved offering artistic, innovative, and creative learning experiences for individuals in depressed contexts.

Abstract IE(%) of SCLAE on CR of CS immersed in 1 N HCl was herein assessed by the WL method. The former increased and the latter decreased in the solution with higher Ct of SCLAE. The inhibitor blocked MS corrosion active sites, and created a protective layer that covered its surface. Pc constituents of SCLAE allowed the interaction between their hetero atoms and the metal ions from the CS surface. These Pc were responsible for the CI of CS. Elc studies were herein used to confirm the formation of a protective layer on the CS surface. They were further reinforced by surface analysis techniques, such as FTIR and SEM. EDAX was used to analyze the elements present on the CS surface after its immersion in 1 N HCl without and with SCLAE. Ra of polished, corroded and inhibited CS surfaces was analyzed by SEM and AFM.

Abstract Through a qualitative research, descriptive interpretive design and phenomenological approach, the perception of sixteen students with visual disabilities on access to digital teaching material and integration of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) by teachers was analyzed. Teachers, during virtual teaching due to confinement by Covid-19, the study population belongs to public and private inclusive educational institutions in the Peruvian department of Puno, of which six (6) have severe visual impairment and ten (10) have moderate disabilities, the semi-structured individual interview was applied during the last academic bimester of the year 2021 and the first academic bimester of the year 2022. The results show limitations in the use of virtual didactic resources and ICT, in the teaching-learning processes, limiting the learning of visually impaired students, urging educational policies that address the educational immersion of inclusive technological resources.

Resumen Mediante una investigación de tipo cualitativo, diseño descriptivo interpretativo y enfoque fenomenológico, se analizó la percepción de dieciséis estudiantes con discapacidad visual, sobre el acceso a material didáctico digital e integración de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) por parte de los docentes, durante la enseñanza virtual por confinamiento por Covid- 19. La población de estudio pertenece a instituciones educativas inclusivas públicas y privadas del departamento peruano de Puno, de los cuales seis (6) presentan discapacidad visual severa y diez (10) discapacidad moderada, la entrevista individual semiestructurada se aplicó durante el último bimestre académico del año 2021 y el primer bimestre académico del año 2022. Los resultados evidencian limitaciones en el uso de recursos didácticos virtuales y TIC en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje, limitando el aprendizaje de estudiantes con discapacidad visual, apremiando por políticas educativas que aborden la inmersión educativa de recursos tecnológicos inclusivos.

Abstract The article aims to verify the influence of MNFs on the duration of the birth process. A systematic review was carried out in the MEDLINE, Web of Science and LILACS databases, through a combination of terms that cover the topic addressed, from 1996 to 2021/April. The Excel spreadsheet was used to collect data to extract information regarding each selected article, in turn, data analysis included the evaluation and classification of quality, reliability and risk of bias, thus, the following tools were used: Cochrane RoB 2, Checklist and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Warm bath, walking, exercises with a birthing ball, breathing techniques, supine position, acupuncture, acupressure and water birth reduced labor time. While spontaneous pushing, massage and immersion baths prolonged labor. Non-pharmacological methods capable of reducing the duration of labor were hot/warm shower, walking, birth ball exercises, breathing techniques, maternal mobility, dorsal position, acupuncture, acupressure and water birth, as well. associated applied techniques such as hot/warm bath, ball exercises and lumbosacral massage, as well as immersion bath, ball exercises, aromatherapy, vertical postures and maternal mobility with alternating vertical postures, shortened the birth time. process MEDLINE databases addressed 199 2021April April 2021 2021/April turn quality bias thus 2 NewcastleOttawa Newcastle Ottawa Scale bath walking position acupuncture time pushing Nonpharmacological Non pharmacological hotwarm hot warm shower aromatherapy 19 202 1 20

Resumo O objetivo do artigo é verificar a influência dos MNFs na duração do processo de parto. Realizou-se uma revisão sistemática nas bases de dados MEDLINE, Web of Science e LILACS, por meio da combinação de termos que contemple a temática abordada, no período de 1996 a 2021/abril. Utilizou-se para coleta de dados a planilha Excel para extração de informações referentes a cada artigo selecionado, por sua vez, a análise dos dados compreendeu a avaliação e classificação da qualidade, confiabilidade e risco de viés, assim, utilizou-se como ferramentas: Cochrane RoB 2, Checklist e Escala de Newcastle-Ottawa. Reduziram o tempo de trabalho de parto banho morno, caminhada, exercícios com bola de parto, técnicas respiratórias, decúbito dorsal, acupuntura, acupressão e parto na água. Enquanto empurrões espontâneos, massagem e banho de imersão prolongaram o trabalho de parto. Os métodos não farmacológicos capazes de reduzir a duração do trabalho de parto foram banho de chuveiro quente/morno, caminhada, exercícios com bola de parto, técnicas de respiração, mobilidade materna, posição dorsal, acupuntura, acupressão e parto na água, também encurtaram o tempo de parto técnicas aplicadas associadas como banho quente/morno, exercícios com bola e massagem lombossacral, assim como banho de imersão, exercícios com bola, aromaterapia, posturas verticais e mobilidade materna com posturas verticais alternadas. Realizouse Realizou se MEDLINE LILACS abordada 199 2021abril abril 2021 2021/abril Utilizouse Utilizou selecionado vez qualidade viés utilizouse utilizou ferramentas 2 NewcastleOttawa. NewcastleOttawa Newcastle Ottawa. Ottawa Newcastle-Ottawa morno caminhada respiratórias dorsal acupuntura água espontâneos quentemorno quente quente/morno respiração lombossacral aromaterapia alternadas 19 202 1 20