ABSTRACT Social technology is based around three axes: community, environmental protection and economic solidarity. The páramo itself is a vital ecosystem for water regulation as it is the source of water supplies for human consumption and performance of economic activities. This article intends to identify the limitations to apply social technology to the protection of the páramo in the central highlands of Ecuador, where processes of self-management, empowerment, participation, agreement-making, cooperation and pursuit for collective welfare have been observed. The methodology is quantitative within the framework of discourse analysis. The results show that, in order to reach a large agreement for the protection and recovery of the páramo, involving all of the communities settled in the area, it is necessary to overcome limitations mostly related to the lacking attention by the government in regards to basic utilities, management plans for conservation areas and studies for economic alternatives allowing communities to subsist in the lower zones, compromising not to extend their agricultural borders further into the highlands. This information helps strengthen natural resource management from a new perspective.

RESUMO A tecnologia social baseia-se em três eixos: a comunidade, o cuidado ambiental e a solidariedade econômica. O páramo é um ecossistema vital para a regulação hídrica pois ele fornece agua para o consumo humano e a realização de atividades económicas. Esse artigo focou-se na identificação das limitações para aplicar os fundamentos da tecnologia social para a proteção do páramo, situado na Sierra central de Equador, sítio onde pode-se observar processos de autogestão, empoeiramento, participação, efetuação de acordos, cooperação e procuração de um bem-estar coletivo. A metodologia é qualitativa, dentro do contexto da análise do discurso. Os resultados mostram que, para ter um acordo grande para a proteção e recuperação do páramo, com todas as comunidades estabelecidas na zona, é necessário vencer limitações relacionadas principalmente à falta de atenção do governo em relação à serviços básicos, planes de gestão de áreas de conservação e estudo de alternativas económicas que permitam que as comunidades possam subsistir nas zonas baixas, e comprometer-se a não estender a fronteira agrícola em direção às zonas altas. Essa informação contribui a fortalecer a gestão de recursos naturais com uma nova perspectiva.

RESUMEN La tecnología social se fundamenta en tres ejes: la comunidad, el cuidado ambiental y la solidaridad económica. Por su parte, el páramo es un ecosistema vital en la regulación hídrica porque sustenta el suministro de agua para consumo humano y el desarrollo de actividades económicas. Este artículo se centra en identificar las limitaciones para aplicar los fundamentos de la tecnología social en la protección del páramo, ubicado en la Sierra central del Ecuador, lugar donde se observan procesos de autogestión, empoderamiento, participación, logro de acuerdos, cooperación y búsqueda del bienestar colectivo. La metodología es cualitativa, en el marco del análisis del discurso. Los resultados muestran que, para que exista un gran acuerdo de protección y recuperación del páramo, entre todas las comunidades asentadas en esta zona, es necesario vencer limitaciones relacionadas, principalmente, con la falta de atención por parte del gobierno en temas de servicios básicos, planes de manejo para áreas de conservación y estudio de alternativas económicas que permitan a las comunidades subsistir en las zonas bajas y comprometerse a no ampliar la frontera agrícola hacia zonas altas. Esta información contribuye a fortalecer la gestión de recursos naturales desde una nueva perspectiva.

Resumen La administración como técnica clásica de planificación, estrategia y organización total de recursos ha sido diseñada, especialmente, con el objetivo de extraer el máximo de beneficios según los recursos disponibles. El ser humano se incorpora como recurso para fines organizacionales, pero expresa su subjetividad en busca de su deseo y proyección en el marco de las exigencias institucionales. De ahí que sea viable contextualizarla bajo la visión de balance y equilibrio. Por ello, se expone como una propuesta teórica novedosa en donde la definición de “beneficio” se extiende más allá de la utilidad financiera, modelos positivistas y reduccionistas, por cuanto se plantea una revisión de la literatura en la que todo sujeto (natural o corporativo) se identifique como un ente valorador de la maximización del beneficio bajo un balance entre el entorno y el esfuerzo realizado.

Abstract Administration as a classic technique of planning, strategy and total organization of resources designed, especially, with the aim of extracting the maximum benefits according to the available resources. The human being is incorporated as a resource for organizational purposes, but expresses his subjectivity in search of his desire and projection in the framework of institutional demands. Hence, it is feasible to contextualize it under the view of balance and equilibrium. Therefore, it is exposed as a novel theoretical proposal where the definition of "benefit" extends beyond financial utility, positivist, and reductionist models, since, a review of the literature is proposed in which every subject (natural or corporate) is identified as an entity valuing the maximization of profit under a balance between the context and the effort made.

Resumen: Este estudio ofrece una contraparte a la generalización de los efectos positivos y lineales resultantes de los estresores desafiantes en el lugar de trabajo. El objetivo principal fue verificar si el estrés del desafío social afecta positiva o negativamente el engagement en el trabajo de las personas según el grado de habilidad política disponible en los profesionales. Se utilizaron el análisis de moderación y la regresión jerárquica para evaluar estas relaciones. La muestra consiste en funcionarios públicos de una institución federal brasileña (N= 606). Los resultados indican que la habilidad política modera positivamente la relación entre el estrés social y el engagement, excepto en los casos en que dicha habilidad es baja, momento en el cual la interacción se vuelve negativa. Además, la evidencia revela que una asociación curvilínea positiva explica mejor la relación entre el estrés social y el engagement. Los hallazgos sugieren que el Modelo de Estrés-Desafío-Obstáculo (MDO) tiene una aplicación condicionada por las habilidades requeridas para evaluar un determinado estresor como un obstáculo o un desafío. El objetivo era ampliar la teoría sobre los estresores y contribuir a la práctica de la gestión de recursos humanos aclarando las condiciones o situaciones en las que el MDO no se aplica o carece de contextualización.

Abstract: This study offers a counterpoint to the generalization of positive and linear effects resulting from challenge stressors in the workplace. The guiding objective was to verify whether social challenge stress impacts individuals' work engagement positively or negatively, according to the political skill degree available by professionals. We used moderation analysis and hierarchical regression to assess these relationships. The sample comes from civil servants of a Brazilian federal institution (N = 606). The results indicate that political skill moderates the relationship between social stress and engagement positively, except in cases where such skill is low, a situation in which the interaction becomes negative. The evidence also reveals that a positive curvilinear association better explains the association between social stress and work engagement. The findings suggest that the Challenge-Hindrance Stress Framework (CHF) has an application conditioned by the possible abilities that a given stressor demands to be evaluated as an obstacle or a challenge. We intended to extend the theory on stressors and contribute to the human resource management practice by elucidating conditions or portions of professionals in which the CHF does not apply or lacks contextualization.

Resumo: Este estudo oferece um contraponto à generalização dos efeitos positivos e lineares resultantes de estressores desafiadores no ambiente de trabalho. O objetivo norteador foi verificar se o estresse do desafio social impacta positivamente ou negativamente o engajamento no trabalho dos indivíduos, de acordo com o grau de habilidade política disponível pelos profissionais. Usamos análise de moderação e regressão hierárquica para avaliar essas relações. A amostra é de servidores públicos de uma instituição federal brasileira (N = 606). Os resultados indicam que a habilidade política modera positivamente a relação entre estresse social e engajamento, exceto nos casos em que tal habilidade é baixa, situação em que a interação se torna negativa. As evidências revelam que uma associação curvilínea positiva explica melhor a associação entre estresse social e Engajamento no trabalho. Os achados sugerem que o Modelo de Estresse Desafio-Obstáculo (MDO) tem aplicação condicionada pelas possíveis habilidades que determinado estressor demanda para ser avaliado como obstáculo ou desafio. Pretendemos ampliar a teoria sobre estressores e contribuir para a prática da gestão de pessoas, elucidando condições ou parcelas de profissionais em que o MDO não se aplica ou carece de contextualização.

RESUMEN El presente artículo pretende explorar la perspectiva de los profesores de primaria sobre la planificación de la carrera docente y la elaboración de presupuestos. La investigación se llevó a cabo en Nampula - Mozambique, administró entrevistas semi-estructuradas a 21 participantes. Los resultados analizados mediante la técnica de la grounded theory apuntan a la aparición de disfunciones en la planificación y presupuestación de la carrera profesional, causantes del estancamiento y congelación de la carrera docente. Del mismo modo, se observaron deficiencias en el desarrollo de la carrera docente debido al desajuste entre los planes operativos de recursos humanos y los planes presupuestarios del sector de la educación pública en Mozambique. presupuestos Mozambique semiestructuradas semi estructuradas 2 participantes profesional modo

ABSTRACT The present paper aims to explore primary school teachers’ perspectives on planning and budgeting. The research was conducted in Mozambique, and semi-structured interviews were administered to 21 participants. The results obtained by grounded theory method point to dysfunctions in career planning and budgeting, causing the stagnation and freezing of the teaching career. Thus, we found some weaknesses in the development of the teaching career because of the mismatch between the operational human resource plans and the budget of the public education sector in Mozambique. teachers budgeting Mozambique semistructured semi structured 2 participants Thus

RESUMO O presente artigo teve por objetivo explorar a perspectiva dos professores do ensino básico sobre o planejamento e orçamentação de carreira docente. A investigação foi realizada em Nampula, Moçambique, e administrou entrevistas semiestruturadas a 21 participantes. Os resultados analisados pela técnica de grounded theory apontam a ocorrência de disfunções no planejamento e orçamentação de carreira, provocando a estagnação e congelamento da carreira docente. Igualmente, foram constatadas debilidades no desenvolvimento da carreira docente por causa da descoordenação entre os planos operacionais de recursos humanos e os de orçamento do setor de educação pública em Moçambique. Nampula Moçambique 2 participantes Igualmente

Abstract Purpose This study investigated the relationship between perceived overqualification and job attitudes (affective and continuance organizational commitment and turnover intention) in the public sector. Theoretical framework The theoretical framework was based on theories about perceived overqualification, human capital, equity, relative deprivation, organizational commitment, and turnover intention, as well as Brazilian civil service legislation. Design/methodology/approach Brazilian public servants (n = 243) answered scales of perceived overqualification, affective and continuance commitment, and turnover intention, and these data were analyzed by means of structural equation modeling. Findings The results showed that affective commitment was negatively related to turnover intention and mediated the relationship between perceived overqualification and turnover intention. Practical & social implications of research The findings suggest that overqualification is an inevitable phenomenon that needs to be managed, as rejecting overqualified workers (as is done in the private sector) may be a discriminatory practice and crime. Originality/value Overqualification has been present in the Brazilian civil service for a long time, but it has not been fully investigated. The present study is one of the few empirical studies on the overqualification phenomenon in the Brazilian civil service. sector capital equity deprivation legislation Designmethodologyapproach Design methodology approach n 243 modeling managed crime Originalityvalue Originality value time 24 2

Abstract Water management in the Brazilian semi-arid region has been, for decades, a challenge for institutions and decision-makers due to its intrinsic characteristics. The density of human occupation makes the region very vulnerable to drought events and problems related to the quality and need for water use are central issues. For this reason, this study presents an approach to assess the situation of water reservoirs in the semiarid based on the Water Quality Index (WQI) and Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM). The WQI was used to calculate water quality and later applied as a criterion for the MCDM model proposed. The model also considers the need and availability criteria to assess the reservoirs of the two largest drainage basins in Rio Grande do Norte state, Brazil. The MCDM method used was R-TOPSIS since it is more flexible and robust for future analyses in other situations. The results showed the condition of the reservoirs, in order to support decision-makers in the operation of these facilities and enable multiple use of the waters. The combined approach proposed may provide important contributions in the analysis of water reservoirs in order to supply the semiarid region, where water issue is critical. semi arid been decades decisionmakers decision makers characteristics issues reason (WQI MultiCriteria Multi Criteria MCDM. . (MCDM) state Brazil RTOPSIS R TOPSIS situations waters critical (MCDM

RESUMO A formação de recursos humanos em saúde é uma preocupação recorrente. O Campus Virtual de Saúde Pública (CVSP) é a plataforma educacional da Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde (OPAS), que busca melhorar a acessibilidade à educação em saúde pública, com ênfase na formação de lideranças educacionais voltadas para o planejamento, a implementação e a avaliação de políticas e ações educacionais. O objetivo deste documento é apresentar os resultados de uma consulta com especialistas sobre o curso virtual “Liderazgo para la Gestión Educativa en Organizaciones de Salud” [Liderança para a Gestão Educacional em Organizações de Saúde], como parte de uma estratégia para fortalecer as capacidades de liderança para gestão educacional na Região das Américas proposta pelo CVPS/OPAS. Foi realizado um estudo qualitativo de pesquisa-ação utilizando o método Delphi com duas rodadas de consultas, uma virtual e outra presencial, a especialistas em gestão educacional em organizações de saúde. Os resultados mostram a relevância de oito dimensões de análise: perfil do público-alvo; competências; abordagem e conteúdo; atividades; avaliação de e para as aprendizagens; adaptabilidade; implementação; e acompanhamento durante e após o curso. A participação de atores de diferentes esferas geopolíticas no delineamento e na implementação de uma proposta educacional regional promove a transformação do contexto de aplicação e aumenta seu potencial de adoção. Destaca-se o posicionamento estratégico do curso como catalisador na criação e consolidação de uma rede integrada de organizações para fortalecer a liderança educacional na Região das Américas e a adequação da estratégia metodológica empregada para melhorar a qualidade da formação de recursos humanos em saúde.

RESUMEN La formación de recursos humanos en salud es una preocupación recurrente. El Campus Virtual de Salud Pública (CVSP) es la plataforma educativa de la Organización Panamericana de Salud (OPS) que busca mejorar la accesibilidad a la educación en salud pública, con énfasis en la formación en liderazgo educativo orientado a planificar, implementar y evaluar políticas y acciones educativas. El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar los resultados de una consulta a personas expertas sobre el curso virtual “Liderazgo para la Gestión Educativa en Organizaciones de Salud”, como parte de una estrategia de fortalecimiento de las capacidades de liderazgo para la gestión educativa en las Américas propuesta por el CVPS/OPS. Se realizó un estudio cualitativo de investigación-acción, con una metodología Delphi de dos iteraciones de consultas, una virtual y una presencial, a expertos en gestión educativa en organizaciones de salud. Los resultados muestran la relevancia que adquieren ocho dimensiones de análisis: el perfil de los destinatarios, las competencias, el enfoque y los contenidos, las actividades, la evaluación del y para el aprendizaje, la adaptabilidad, la implementación y el seguimiento durante y poscurso. La participación de actores de diferentes ámbitos geopolíticos en el diseño e implementación de una propuesta educativa regional promueve la transformación del contexto de aplicación y mejora su potencial adopción. Se destaca el lugar estratégico del curso como catalizador en la conformación y la consolidación de una red integrada de organizaciones para fortalecer el liderazgo educativo en las Américas, y la conveniencia de la estrategia metodológica empleada para mejorar la calidad de la formación de recursos humanos en salud.

ABSTRACT The training of human resources for health (HRH) is a recurring concern. The Virtual Campus for Public Health (VCPH) – the educational platform of the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) – seeks to improve access to public health education, emphasizing leadership training for teams that plan, implement, and evaluate policies and educational initiatives. The objective of this work is to present the results of a consultation with experts on the virtual course “Leadership for Educational Management in Health Organizations”, as part of a PAHO/VCPH strategy to strengthen leadership capacities for educational management in the Americas. A qualitative action-research study was carried out using the Delphi method with two iterations of consultations (one virtual and one in person) with experts in educational management in health organizations. The results show the importance of eight dimensions of analysis: recipient profiles, competencies, approach and contents, activities, evaluation of and for learning, adaptability, implementation, and monitoring during and after the course. The participation of actors from different geopolitical spheres in the design and implementation of a regional educational initiative fosters adaptations in the context of its implementation and improves the likelihood it will be adopted. This course can play a strategic role as a catalyst in the formation and consolidation of an integrated network of organizations that strengthen educational leadership in the Americas. This study also highlights the value of the methodological strategy used to improve the quality of HRH training.

Purpose Considering the significant increase in researchers’ interest in human resource management (HRM) in the public sector domain, this study aims to focus on producing a scale of HRM practices customized for the context of public organizations. Design/methodology/approach Experts and semantic analysis were performed for the scale development (qualitative stage), and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis through structural equation modeling was conducted for the scale validation (quantitative stage). Findings The public HRM practices scale (public HRMPS) is composed of 19 items, distributed along four factors/dimensions, named training, development and education; relationship; work conditions; and competency and performance appraisal. The scale showed evidence of internal and construct validity (convergent, divergent, criterion-related and discriminant), as well as reliability and content validity. Research limitations/implications The public HRMPS can be applied in relational studies to test structural models of prediction, mediation and moderation to evaluate relationships with organizational behavior variables, such as leader-members exchange, engagement at work, life quality at work and well-being at work, among others. Practical implications The public HRMPS may also serve as a useful diagnostic tool for the decision-making process made by public managers so they can promote a strategic, evidence-based HRM. Furthermore, the transforming role of strategic HRM can be operationalized by adopting practices gathered in the public HRMPS, advancing toward new HRM strategies to promote healthier and more productive work environments. Social implications Healthier and more productive environments translate into real impacts for society, the first beneficiary of public services with more quality, efficiency and accountability. Originality/value The public HRMPS is the first attempt to produce an operationally valid and reliable measure to evaluate strategic HRM practices, responding to calls in the literature concerning the need for an integrated, comprehensive and customized HRM practices scale for the public service context. researchers (HRM domain organizations Designmethodologyapproach Design methodology approach qualitative stage, stage , stage) quantitative stage. . 1 items factorsdimensions factors dimensions factors/dimensions training education relationship conditions appraisal convergent, convergent (convergent divergent criterionrelated criterion related discriminant, discriminant discriminant) limitationsimplications limitations prediction variables leadermembers leader members exchange wellbeing being others decisionmaking decision making evidencebased based Furthermore society accountability Originalityvalue Originality value integrated

Resumo Este artigo aborda o papel das organizações internacionais na definição de políticas públicas para a gestão da informação científica (IC) na Argentina, estudando o Projeto UNISIST da UNESCO, lançado em 1971. O objetivo do projeto era estimular a cooperação internacional no intercâmbio de SCI e fortalecer o acesso dos países em desenvolvimento a essas informações, consideradas um recurso estratégico para o desenvolvimento econômico e social. Para isso, ele incentivou a criação e o aprimoramento de sistemas de informação em nível nacional, regional e internacional. O que estou analisando especificamente é quais transformações ocorreram na Argentina como resultado de sua participação no Projeto UNSIST, em termos de: treinamento de recursos humanos, desenvolvimento de sistemas de informação, criação ou reformulação de instituições e estruturas regulatórias e adoção de padrões técnicos. Para tanto, analisamos diversas fontes, incluindo documentos institucionais e publicações da UNESCO referentes ao projeto UNISIST e documentos públicos argentinos - programas, leis, resoluções - para identificar medidas ou políticas implementadas em órgãos com funções de coordenação nacional no campo da QI, que tenham sido mobilizadas ou inspiradas pela participação institucional no UNISIST ou por membros desses órgãos.

Abstract This article deals with the role of international organizations in the definition of public policies for the management of scientific information (SI) in Argentina based on the study of UNESCO's UNISIST Project launched in 1971. The aim of the project was to stimulate international cooperation in the exchange of SCI and to strengthen the access of developing countries to such information, considered a strategic resource for economic and social development. To this end, it promoted the creation and improvement of information systems at national, regional and international levels. What I am specifically interested in is the transformations produced in Argentina as a result of the participation in the UNSIST Project, in terms of: training of human resources, development of information systems, creation or reformulation of institutions and regulatory frameworks, and adoption of technical standards. For this purpose, we analyzed various sources, including institutional documents and UNESCO publications referring to the UNISIST project and Argentine public documents - programs, laws, resolutions - to identify measures or policies implemented in organizations with national coordination functions in CI, which have been mobilized or inspired by the institutional participation or by members of these organizations in UNISIST.

Resumen Este artículo aborda el rol de los organismos internacionales en la definición de políticas públicas para la gestión de la información científica (IC) en Argentina a partir del estudio del Proyecto UNISIST de la UNESCO lanzado en 1971. El proyecto tenía como objetivo estimular la cooperación internacional en el intercambio de IC y buscaba fortalecer el acceso de los países en vías de desarrollo a dicha información, considerada como recurso estratégico para el desarrollo económico y social. Para esto fomentaba la creación y mejora de sistemas de información a nivel nacional, regional e internacional. Lo que indago específicamente es qué transformaciones produjeron en la Argentina a partir de la participación en el Proyecto UNSIST, en términos de: formación de recursos humanos, elaboración de sistemas de información, creación o reformulación de instituciones y marcos normativos, y adopción de normas técnicas. Para ello, analizamos diversas fuentes que incluyen documentos institucionales y publicaciones de la UNESCO referidas al proyecto UNISIST y documentos públicos argentinos -programas, leyes, resoluciones- para identificar medidas o políticas implementadas en organismos con funciones de coordinación nacional en materia de IC, que hayan sido movilizadas o inspiradas por la participación institucional o de miembros de esos organismos en el UNISIST.

Abstract Purpose: This essay presents the results of a theoretical research using the existing literature on human resource churning within the economic context. The research examines how institutions and society address human resource churning from the economy. To accomplish this, two specific objectives were established: the examination of the key variables impacting churning within the economic context, and the creation and analysis of a theoretical model. The research question that emerged was: “How do institutions and society deal with the occurrence of churning arising from the economic context?” Originality/value: The relevance of this essay rests in its potential to contribute to the existing literature and enhance the advancement of know-ledge in a field that despite its complexity and relevance remains relatively underexplored in the area of human resource management. In this regard, understanding the impact that the economic context plays on the phenomenon of human resource churning is a key aspect for organizations to take mitigation measures. Design/methodology/approach: It follows a theoretical approach by means of a literature review which has allowed the exploration, analysis, deepening and broadening of the existing literature. Findings: Upon analysis of the results, it was found that during periods of economic recession the churning rate is lower compared to periods of economic recovery. As a result, organizations need to adapt their policies to the economic context in order to retain their employees and avoid costs arising from replacements (churning). Purpose economy established model How context? Originality/value Originalityvalue Originality value knowledge know ledge management regard measures Design/methodology/approach Designmethodologyapproach Design methodology exploration Findings recovery result churning. . (churning) (churning

Resumo Objetivo: O presente ensaio descreve os resultados de uma pesquisa teórica com recurso à literatura existente sobre a temática do churning de recursos humanos no contexto económico, com o objetivo de analisar como é que as instituições e a sociedade enfrentam o churning de recursos humanos mediante o contexto económico. De forma a alcançar o referido objetivo, foram definidos 2 objetivos específicos: analisar as principais variáveis que influenciam o churning no contexto económico, e elaborar e analisar um modelo teórico. Tendo surgido como questão de investigação: “Como as instituições e a sociedade lidam com a ocorrência de churning proveniente do contexto económico?” Originalidade/valor: A pertinência deste ensaio recai sobre a oportunidade de contribuir para o desenvolvimento da literatura e contribuir para o aumento da ciência sobre um tema que, apesar da sua complexidade e pertinência, ainda é um tema pouco explorado na área da gestão dos recursos humanos. Neste sentido, perceber a influência que o contexto económico exerce sobre o fenómeno de churning de recursos humanos é um dos pontos fulcrais para que as organizações tomem medidas de atenuação. Design/metodologia/abordagem: Segue uma abordagem teórica, com recurso à análise da literatura que permitiu a exploração, análise, aprofundamento e alargamento da literatura existente. Resultados: Por meio da análise dos resultados, constatou-se que em períodos de recessão económica a taxa de churning é mais reduzida em comparação com períodos de recuperação económica. Face ao exposto, as organizações têm de adaptar as suas políticas ao contexto económico de forma a manter os seus trabalhadores e evitar custos resultantes de substituições (churning). Objetivo específicos teórico investigação Como económico? Originalidade/valor Originalidadevalor Originalidade valor sentido atenuação Design/metodologia/abordagem Designmetodologiaabordagem Design metodologia exploração Resultados constatouse constatou se exposto churning. . (churning) (churning

ABSTRACT Introduction: Resource Description and Access (RDA) are guidelines that guide the creation of metadata for information resources available in libraries' online catalogs. It is understood that developing strategies to manage the implementation of the RDA facilitates the process and motivates the library community to adopt the new standard. Objectives: present the relevant aspects that can contribute to the management of RDA implementation in libraries. Methodolog: Bibliographic research with a qualitative approach, using the Portal Capes databases, Scopus Elsevier, Brapci, BDTD, OasisBr and used content analysis as a technique Bardin (2011). Result: presentation of aspects considered relevant in categories: (1) Human and financial resources; (2) RDA Toolkit; (3) RDA training; (4) Cataloging procedures: decisions, policies and documentation; (5) Preparation of library management system; (6) Technological supports and tools. Conclusion: The implementation of RDA in libraries involves innovations, opportunities and challenges. The library innovates by aligning itself with the contemporary practices of other libraries, facilitating data exchange during cataloging, preparing it for a future with linked data. It is considered an opportunity to train professionals in cataloging, improve services, such as updating documentation and strengthening authority control. Challenges include implementation costs, the need to translate the RDA Toolkit, the effective development of staff training and cataloging policies; and the preparation of the library management system. Overcoming these challenges will require coordinated efforts and solid strategies to ensure a smooth and successful transition to the RDA. Introduction (RDA catalogs standard Objectives Methodolog approach databases Elsevier Brapci BDTD 2011. 2011 . (2011) Result categories 1 (1 2 (2 Toolkit 3 (3 4 (4 procedures decisions 5 (5 system 6 (6 tools Conclusion innovations services control costs 201 (2011 ( 20 (201 (20

RESUMO Introdução: Resource Description and Access (RDA) são diretrizes que orientam a criação de metadados dos recursos informacionais disponibilizados nos catálogos online das bibliotecas. Compreende-se que elaborar estratégias para administrar a implementação da RDA facilita o processo e motiva a comunidade bibliotecária a adotar a nova norma. Objetivo: Apresentar os aspectos relevantes que possam contribuir para o gerenciamento da implementação da RDA nas bibliotecas. Metodologia: Pesquisa bibliográfica com abordagem qualitativa, por meio das bases Portal Capes, Scopus Elsevier, Brapci, BDTD, OasisBr, com uso da técnica de análise de conteúdo Bardin (2011). Resultados: Apresentação dos aspectos considerados relevantes em categorias: (1) Recursos humanos e financeiros; (2) RDA Toolkit (3); Treinamento em RDA; (4) Procedimentos de catalogação: decisões, políticas e documentações; (5) Preparação do sistema de gestão de bibliotecas; (6) Suportes e ferramentas tecnológicas. Conclusão: A implementação da RDA nas bibliotecas envolve inovações, oportunidades e desafios. A biblioteca inova ao alinhar-se às práticas contemporâneas das demais bibliotecas, facilitando a troca de dados durante a catalogação, preparando-a para um futuro com dados vinculados. Considera-se como oportunidade a capacitação dos profissionais em catalogação, a melhoria dos serviços, como a atualização das documentações e o fortalecimento do controle de autoridades. Os desafios incluem os custos de implementação, a necessidade de tradução da ferramenta RDA Toolkit, a elaboração eficaz do treinamento para a equipe e das políticas de catalogação; e a preparação do sistema de gestão de bibliotecas. Superar esses desafios exigirá esforços coordenados e estratégias sólidas para garantir uma transição suave e bem-sucedida para a RDA. Introdução (RDA Compreendese Compreende se norma Objetivo Metodologia qualitativa Capes Elsevier Brapci BDTD OasisBr 2011. 2011 . (2011) Resultados categorias 1 (1 financeiros 2 (2 3 (3) 4 (4 catalogação decisões 5 (5 6 (6 tecnológicas Conclusão inovações alinharse alinhar preparandoa preparando vinculados Considerase Considera serviços autoridades bemsucedida bem sucedida 201 (2011 ( (3 20 (201 (20

Governments cannot effectively manage and handle disasters, particularly at the local community level, without actively engaging vulnerable people. The key to achieving sustainability in disaster recovery is community participation and information dissemination. The informal settlements' lack of access to information and public engagement hampered their ability to recovery, thus prompting this study. Therefore, many cities and intervention partnerships faced information and participation gaps in disaster risk reduction (DRR). The study's rationale was to determine the participation and communication of Khayalitjha household heads, regarding DRR information dissemination for sustainable human settlement, using a cross-sectional household survey of 295 household heads from Khayalitjha in situ informal settlement in the Free State provinces of South Africa. The security of dwelling unit tenure concept was an indirect indicator used to measure social resilience. The key findings revealed that community volunteers, ward committee members and most of the respondents, were responsible for initiating the DRR and disaster preparedness planning process. This indicated that local government needs to strengthen the human resource capacity building for DRR management information dissemination at a local level. The church, school, WhatsApp, Facebook, Twitter and Instagram were the preferred modes of communication for early warnings of disaster information. CONTRIBUTION: Despite advocating for a multidisciplinary stakeholder approach, urban DRR studies tend to ignore communities in high disaster-risk areas. Employing social resilience, it aims to extend the DRR information dissemination strategy to in situ informal settlements beyond the communication and public participation advocacy strategies of local municipal urban cities.

ORIENTATION: Millennials have become the largest age cohort in the modern world of work. Understanding the phenomenological experiences of millennials may be the key to facilitating more ethical organisational cultures RESEARCH PURPOSE: The aim of this article is to explore the lived, working experiences of millennials' organisational ethics contexts factors as predisposed by ethical leadership in an organisation in the energy sector MOTIVATION FOR THE STUDY: An extensive body of research exists concerning the statistical relationship between ethical leadership, ethical culture, and workplace ethics climates. However, less explored is qualitative studies regarding millennials' work experiences of organisational ethics context factors. RESEARCH DESIGN, APPROACH AND METHOD: A qualitative research design was selected. Purposive and convenience sampling were utilised. The sample included eight millennials, and face-to-face interviews were used for data collection. Data were analysed by means of content analysis. MAIN FINDINGS: The findings suggest an ambivalent and paradoxical split in how millennials experience the ethical context factors in the participating organisation PRACTICAL AND MANAGERIAL IMPLICATIONS: The study has implications for the type of leadership styles that should be considered when engaging with millennials. Top human resource management could use the results to create a working environment that actively fosters psychological attachment, satisfaction, and boosts employee commitment. CONTRIBUTION OR VALUE ADDED: Expanding and enhancing the comprehension of how ethical leadership contributes to the theory of ethical leadership in the work context.

ORIENTATION: Bullying is widespread at South African universities and has short- and long-term negative consequences for employees and organisations RESEARCH PURPOSE: The study explored human resources (HR) practitioners' challenges in managing bullying at work and sought to establish a framework for managing bullying above and below the surface in the organisation from their viewpoint MOTIVATION FOR THE STUDY: Human resources practitioners are a strategic link between diverse constituencies in the organisation and consequently encounter several challenges in their attempts to address and manage bullying RESEARCH APPROACH/DESIGN AND METHOD: A qualitative constructivist grounded theory research was exploited to examine nine HR practitioners' standpoints in two universities in the Gauteng province MAIN FINDINGS: Human resources practitioners' roles remain dichotomised between serving dissimilar stakeholders with diametric expectations while protecting employees from prospective bullying circumstances. The proposed framework to manage workplace bullying above and below the surface from the HR practitioners' context has both pragmatic and theoretical noteworthiness PRACTICAL/MANAGERIAL IMPLICATIONS: The combinations of the power dynamics, roles and factors at play have acute ramifications on the HR practitioner's dexterity to circumvent, administrate and investigate bullying incidents. A proposed framework can help organisation management, practitioners and employees to be unconditionally alert about bullying multiplicities, expedite holistic determinations and preventative interventions to embrace diversity and panoramically reprehend bullying occurrences CONTRIBUTION/VALUE-ADD: This study adds a noticeable contribution to the field of workplace bullying, HR management and attendant remedial measures from HR practitioners in South Africa's academic institution context

ORIENTATION: The emergence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has compelled various organisations to alter their human resource management approaches in response to a challenging work milieu. Providing meaningful rewards is imperative for maintaining employee productivity and business continuity during turmoil. RESEARCH PURPOSE: The main objective of this research was to explore significant incentives for employees of pharmaceutical enterprises amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Specifically, this study examined the reward preferences of pharmaceutical professionals in managerial positions concerning their age and gender. MOTIVATION FOR THE STUDY: Despite the extensive body of research on rewards during the COVID-19 pandemic, there exists a notable gap in the literature regarding the investigation of total rewards in the pharmaceutical industry from the vantage points of gender and age. RESEARCH APPROACH/DESIGN AND METHOD: A qualitative research approach was followed with data collected from managerial employees in a pharmaceutical company (N = 12). Thematic analyses were applied. MAIN FINDINGS: Overall, the female participants exhibited a greater propensity towards all rewards than male counterparts. The COVID-19 pandemic mostly impacted female Millennials, who identified all aspects of total rewards as crucial. Male Baby Boomers were more inclined towards being incentivised by monetary remuneration than non-monetary perks. PRACTICAL/MANAGERIAL IMPLICATIONS: The findings underscore the importance of leaders prioritising human-centred values such as trust, appreciation, interpersonal connections, and collaborative teamwork. CONTRIBUTION/VALUE-ADD: The study's results prompt researchers and practitioners to reconsider conventional characteristics and incentive inclinations of distinct age cohorts and gender categories, which have undergone modifications because of the COVID-19 outbreak.