BACKGROUND: There was a need to investigate the appropriateness of the standard manual wheelchairfor occupational performance in Thulamela Municipality Vhembe District, Limpopo. METHODS: An observational cross-sectional descriptive design using simple random sampling was used to select n=60 wheelchair users who were issued with standard manual wheelchairs between 2014 and 2018. The Wheelchair Outcome Measure was used to investigate the participants' level of satisfaction in engagement in ADL and IADL and the suitability of the wheelchair in terms of the user's comfort and satisfaction with positioning and prevention of skin breakdown. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data. RESULTS: The wheelchair users viewed activity participation in the home as important and were generally satisfied with their standard manual wheelchairs while performing occupational activities at home and outside the home. A total of (n=46; 78%) of the participants felt comfortable in their wheelchair. CONCLUSIONS: Wheelchair prescription should take into consideration the occupational choices of the user. Further qualitative studies to explore the factors that determined the participants' choices for their activity participation goals should be undertaken. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE • Training of new occupational therapy staff in each facility in the Thulamela district to equip them with the skills to prescribe wheelchairs is necessary. • The level of importance that wheelchair participants attached to level of importance of activity participation inside and outside the home was high therefore there is a need to consider the client's occupational choices when prescribing wheelchairs. • The wheelchair needs to facilitate participation in a wide range of occupational choices ranging from self-care activities and watching TV in the home to visiting friends and family and attending events outside the home.

Abstract Digital marketing is one of the dimensions of the food environment that increasingly influences eating habits. It is one of the factors contributing to increased consumption of out-of-home foods, which has been associated with negative health outcomes. In this context, the objective of the study was to analyze the content of Instagram posts featuring retail food outlets that sell prepared foods in Montevideo, the capital city of Uruguay. A multi-step approach to analyze Instagram posts of food outlets selling prepared foods available on a meal delivery app. A total of 293 Instagram accounts were identified, which generated 5,454 posts between August 15th, 2020, and February 15th, 2021. The visual and textual content of the posts were analyzed using deductive-inductive coding. Results showed that the great majority (80%) of the outlets available in the meal ordering app had an Instagram account, most of which (68%) posted content in their feed in the 6-months period considered in the present work. The Instagram accounts promoted a diversity of dishes, foods, and beverages; most of which typically contain excessive amounts of sugars, fat, saturated fats, and/or sodium (burger, pizza, ice-cream, sandwiches and wraps, pastries, cakes and desserts). Instagram posts included several marketing techniques to increase persuasiveness, including price promotions, and cues to establish interactions with users. The visual and textual content of the posts promoted the food outlets by referring to a wide range of topics, which can be regarded as an attempt to maximize the persuasiveness of the post by triggering both systematic and heuristic information processing. These results show that marketing of food outlets selling prepared foods on Instagram is a relevant characteristic of the digital food environment that needs to be addressed as part of comprehensive marketing regulations.

Resumen El marketing digital es una de las dimensiones de los entornos alimentarios que influye de forma creciente en los hábitos alimentarios. Es uno de los factores que contribuyen al aumento del consumo de alimentos fuera del hogar, el cual se ha asociado a resultados negativos para la salud. En este contexto, el objetivo del estudio fue analizar el contenido de las publicaciones en Instagram de establecimientos minoristas que venden alimentos preparados en Montevideo, la capital de Uruguay. Se utilizó un enfoque de múltiples pasos para analizar las publicaciones de Instagram de los establecimientos de comida que venden comidas preparadas disponibles en una aplicación de pedidos de comidas. Se identificaron 293 cuentas de Instagram, que generaron 5.454 publicaciones entre el 15 de agosto de 2020 y el 15 de febrero de 2021. El contenido visual y textual de las publicaciones se analizó mediante codificación deductiva-inductiva. Los resultados mostraron que la gran mayoría (80%) de los establecimientos disponibles en la aplicación de pedidos de comida tenían una cuenta de Instagram, la mayoría de los cuales (68%) publicaron contenido en el periodo de 6 meses considerado en el presente trabajo. Las cuentas de Instagram promocionaron una gran variedad de platos, alimentos y bebidas, la mayoría de los cuales suelen contener una cantidad excesiva de azúcares, grasas, grasas saturadas y/o sodio (hamburguesas, pizzas, helados, sándwiches y wraps, bollería, pasteles y postres). Las publicaciones incluyeron varias técnicas de marketing para aumentar la capacidad de persuasión, tales como promociones de precios y pistas para establecer interacciones con los usuarios. El contenido visual y textual de las publicaciones promocionaba los establecimientos de comida haciendo referencia a una amplia gama de temas, lo que puede considerarse como un intento de maximizar la persuasión de las publicaciones mediante la activación de un procesamiento de la información tanto sistemático como heurístico. Estos resultados muestran que el marketing digital de establecimientos de comida que venden alimentos preparados es una característica relevante de los entornos alimentarios digitales que debe abordarse como parte de una normativa integral de regulación de publicidad.

Resumo Trata-se de um estudo de caso controle e coorte, realizado no Departamento de Bioquímica da FUAST, comprimindo 24 ratos albinos Wistar. A especiaria natural Illicium verum (anis estrelado) e o brócolis vegetal verde geralmente são utilizados para o tratamento fitoterápico quimiopreventivo por conta da atividade antioxidante da vitamina C. A hepatotoxicidade foi induzida no fígado dos ratos modelo por injeção única interperitoneal de 200 mg/kg de peso corporal (PC) de N-nitrosodietilamina e administração oral de 1 mg/kg de peso corporal de fenobarbital por 14 dias durante o período de prolongamento da doença. A análise da vitamina C de Illicium verum (anis estrelado), brócolis verde, suco de laranja, casca de laranja e polpa de laranja foi realizada pelo método de titulação quantitativa e qualitativa iodométrica. Os ratos receberam composto de acordo com seu peso corporal como 1 mg/kg B.W. Após 14 dias (Período de Promoção e Propagação da Doença) e 28 dias (Período de Cura da Doença) de tratamento a atividade comportamental foi monitorada por atividade locomotora em experimento de campo aberto, atividade estimulatória em gaiola e efeitos ansiolíticos observados em aparelhos claros e escuros e também em T Labirinto. A atividade comportamental foi significativamente aumentada em ratos tratados com Illicium verum e brócolis verde. O estudo hematológico incluindo hemoglobina (Hb), glóbulos brancos (WBC), glóbulos vermelhos (RBC), volume corpuscular médio (MCV), hemoglobina corpuscular média (MCH), concentração média de hemoglobina corpuscular (MCHC), largura de distribuição de glóbulos vermelhos (RDW) e Plaquetas foi feito pela célula do analisador de laboratório Ababot. O valor de Hb e RBC também foi significativamente aumentado em ratos tratados com anis estrelado e brócolis, mostraram função adequada de RBC na microcirculação. WBC também estava na faixa normal revelando que nenhuma doença relaciona-se à medula óssea e leucemia. A atividade bioquímica de ratos, incluindo uréia, creatinina, proteína total, albumina, globulina, razão A/G, amilase e cálcio no soro sanguíneo foram analisadas, enquanto a saúde ou desempenho do fígado também foi determinada por LFT (teste de função hepática). As variáveis comportamentais e laboratoriais foram analisadas pelo SPSS v. 20 e valor de p < 0,05 foi considerado estatisticamente significativo. O estudo relata efeito significativo perceptível de Illicium verum e brócolis na hepatotoxicidade do modelo experimental. Resultados estatísticos de estudos experimentais recentes mostram relação recíproca entre o consumo de dieta vegetal e tempero natural com o risco de hepatotoxicidade. Assim, o objetivo do estudo foi potencializar a função do anis estrelado ou da especiaria natural Illicium verum e do brócolis vegetal verde como agente anticancerígeno ou quimioprofilático.

Abstract This is a case control and cohort study, conducted at Department of Biochemistry in FUAST, compressing 24 number of albino Wistar rats. Illicium verum (star anise) natural spice and green vegetable broccoli are used for chemo-preventive herbal treatment in relation with vitamin C antioxidant activity. Hepatotoxicity was induced in liver of model rats by giving interperitoneally single injection of 200 mg/kg bod weight (B.W) of N-nitrosodiethylamine and orally giving 1 mg/kg BW phenobarbital for 14 days during disease prorogation period. The vitamin C analysis from Illicium verum (star anise), green broccoli, orange juice, orange peel and orange pulp was done by iodometric quantitative and qualitative titration method. Rats were given compound according to their bodyweight as 1 mg/kg B.W. After 14 days (Disease Promotion and Propagation Period) and 28 days (Disease cure period) of treatment behavioral activity was monitored by locomotors activity in open field experiment, stimulatory activity in home cage and anxiolytic effects observed in light and dark apparatus and also in T maze. Behavioral activity were significantly increased in Illicium verum and green broccoli treated rats. Hematological study including hemoglobin (Hb), white blood cells (WBC), red blood cells (RBC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), red cell distribution width (RDW) and Platelets was done by abbot laboratory analyzer cell. The value of Hb and RBC was also significantly increased in star anise and broccoli treated rats, showed proper function of RBC in microcirculation. WBC was also in normal range revealed that no disease regards to bone marrow and leukemia’s. The biochemical activity of rats including urea, creatinine, total protein, albumin, globulin, A/G ratio, amylase and calcium in blood serum were analyzed while, liver health or performance was also determined by LFT (liver function test). Behavioral and laboratorial variables were analyzed by using SPSS v. 20 and p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The study report noticeable significant effect of Illicium verum and broccoli on hepatotoxicity of experimental model. Recent experimental study statistical outcomes show reciprocal relationship between the consumption of vegetable diet and natural spice with the risk of Hepatotoxicity. Thus, the aim of the study is to enhance the function of star anise or illicium verum natural spice and green vegetable broccoli as an anticancer or chemoprophylaxis agent.

Abstract Background A cost of illness (COI) study aims to evaluate the socioeconomic burden that an illness imposes on society as a whole. This study aimed to describe the resources used, patterns of care, direct cost, and loss of productivity due to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in Brazil. Methods This 12-month, cross-sectional, COI study of patients with SLE (ACR 1997 Classification Criteria) collected data using patient interviews (questionnaires) and medical records, covering: SLE profile, resources used, morbidities, quality of life (12-Item Short Form Survey, SF-12), and loss of productivity. Patients were excluded if they were retired or on sick leave for another illness. Direct resources included health-related (consultations, tests, medications, hospitalization) or non-health-related (transportation, home adaptation, expenditure on caregivers) hospital resources. Costs were calculated using the unit value of each resource and the quantity consumed. A gamma regression model explored cost predictors for patients with SLE. Results Overall, 300 patients with SLE were included (92.3% female, mean [standard deviation (SD)] disease duration 11.8 [7.9] years), of which 100 patients (33.3%) were on SLE-related sick leave and 46 patients (15.3%) had stopped schooling. Mean (SD) travel time from home to a care facility was 4.4 (12.6) hours. Antimalarials were the most commonly used drugs (222 [74.0%]). A negative correlation was observed between SF-12 physical component and SLE Disease Activity Index (- 0.117, p = 0.042), Systemic Lupus International CollaboratingClinics/AmericanCollegeofRheumatology Damage Index (- 0.115, p = 0.046), medications/day for multiple co-morbidities (- 0.272, p < 0.001), SLE-specific drugs/day (- 0.113, p = 0.051), and lost productivity (- 0.570, p < 0.001). For the mental component, a negative correlation was observed with medications/day for multiple co-morbidities (- 0.272, p < 0.001), SLE-specific medications/day (- 0.113, p = 0.051), and missed appointments (- 0.232, p < 0.001). Mean total SLE cost was US$3,123.53/patient/year (median [interquartile range (IQR)] US$1,618.51 [$678.66, $4,601.29]). Main expenditure was medication, with a median (IQR) cost of US$910.62 ($460, $4,033.51). Mycophenolate increased costs by 3.664 times (p < 0.001), and inflammatory monitoring (erythrocyte sedimentation rate or C-reactive protein) reduced expenditure by 0.381 times (p < 0.001). Conclusion These results allowed access to care patterns, the median cost for patients with SLE in Brazil, and the differences across regions driven by biological, social, and behavioral factors. The cost of SLE provides an updated setting to support the decision-making process across the country. (COI whole (SLE Brazil 12month, 12month month 12 month, 12-month crosssectional, crosssectional cross sectional, sectional cross-sectional ACR 199 Criteria questionnaires (questionnaires records covering profile morbidities 12Item Item Survey SF12, SF12 SF , SF-12) healthrelated health related consultations, consultations (consultations tests medications hospitalization nonhealthrelated non transportation, transportation (transportation adaptation caregivers consumed Overall 30 92.3% 923 92 3 (92.3 female standard SD 118 11 8 11. 7.9 79 7 9 [7.9 years, years years) 10 33.3% 333 33 (33.3% SLErelated 4 15.3% 153 15 (15.3% schooling (SD 44 4. 12.6 126 6 (12.6 hours 222 (22 74.0%. 740 74.0% . 74 0 [74.0%]) SF-1 ( 0117 117 0.117 0.042, 0042 0.042 042 0.042) CollaboratingClinicsAmericanCollegeofRheumatology CollaboratingClinics AmericanCollegeofRheumatology 0115 115 0.115 0.046, 0046 0.046 046 0.046) medicationsday day comorbidities co 0272 272 0.272 0.001, 0001 0.001 001 0.001) SLEspecific specific drugsday 0113 113 0.113 0.051, 0051 0.051 051 0.051) 0570 570 0.570 0.001. 0232 232 0.232 US312353patientyear USpatientyear US 123 53 year interquartile IQR US161851 1 618 51 US$1,618.5 $678.66, 67866 678 66 [$678.66 $4,601.29. 460129 $4,601.29 601 29 $4,601.29]) medication (IQR US91062 910 62 US$910.6 $460, 460 ($460 $4,033.51. 403351 $4,033.51 033 $4,033.51) 3664 664 3.66 erythrocyte Creactive C reactive protein 0381 381 0.38 biological social factors decisionmaking decision making country 19 SF1 92.3 (92. 7. [7. 33.3 (33.3 15.3 (15.3 12. (12. 22 (2 74.0 [74.0%] SF- 011 0.11 004 0.04 04 027 27 0.27 000 0.00 00 005 0.05 05 057 57 0.57 023 23 0.23 patientyear 5 US16185 61 US$1,618. $678.66 6786 67 [$678.6 46012 $4,601.2 60 2 $4,601.29] US9106 91 US$910. $460 ($46 40335 $4,033.5 03 366 3.6 038 38 0.3 92. (92 [7 33. (33. 15. (15. (12 74. [74.0% 01 0.1 0.0 02 0.2 0.5 US1618 US$1,618 $678.6 [$678. 4601 $4,601. US910 US$910 $46 ($4 4033 $4,033. 36 3. 0. (9 [ (33 (15 (1 [74.0 US161 US$1,61 $678. [$678 $4,601 US91 US$91 $4 ($ 403 $4,033 (3 [74. US16 US$1,6 $678 [$67 $4,60 US9 US$9 $ 40 $4,03 [74 US1 US$1, $67 [$6 $4,6 US$ $4,0 US$1 $6 [$ $4,

Resumo Este estudo analítico teve como objetivo avaliar as ações de combate à Covid-19 na perspectiva dos agentes comunitários de saúde (ACSs). Um questionário semiestruturado em 21 questões foi utilizado para coletar as informações desejadas. Os dados foram tabulados e foi realizada uma análise descritiva das informações, utilizando o software Microsoft Excel®. O universo amostral era composto por 90 ACSs, dos quais 67% (60) participaram da pesquisa. Dentre os participantes, 92% (55) eram mulheres e 8% (5) eram homens, na faixa etária de 31 a 40 anos. Todos os ACSs (60) mencionaram a existência de casos de Covid-19 e 82% (49) relataram a ocorrência de óbitos por essa doença no seu território de atuação. Além disso, 80% (48) dos agentes detectaram casos suspeitos durante suas visitas domiciliares. Em relação à rotina de trabalho durante a pandemia, 82% (49) dos participantes afirmaram manter suas atividades e 98% (58) alegaram mudanças no método de trabalho. Apesar das mudanças e desafios impostos pela pandemia, os ACSs desempenharam importante papel na contenção da disseminação do vírus, seja por meio do monitoramento dos casos suspeitos e casos confirmados, ou através de orientações oferecidas à população. Covid19 Covid 19 Covid-1 ACSs. . (ACSs) 2 desejadas Excel Excel® 9 67 60 (60 pesquisa 92 55 (55 8 5 (5 homens 3 4 anos 82 49 (49 atuação disso 80 48 (48 domiciliares pandemia 98 58 (58 vírus confirmados população Covid1 1 Covid- (ACSs 6 (6 ( (4

Abstract This analytical study aimed to evaluate the actions to combat COVID-19 from the perspective of community health agents (ACSs). A semi-structured questionnaire, with 21 closed questions, was used to collect the desired information. The data were tabulated, and a descriptive analysis of the information was performed using Microsoft Excel® software. During the study, there were 90 ACSs, of which 67% (60) participated in the survey. Among the respondents, 92% (55) were women, and 8% (5) were men, in the age range of 31-40 years. All the ACSs (60) mentioned the existence of cases of COVID-19 and 82% (49) reported the occurrence of deaths from this disease in their work area. In addition, 80% (48) of the agents detected suspected cases during their home visits. Concerning the work routine during the pandemic, 82% (49) of the participants declared that they maintained their activities and 98% (58) claimed changes in the work method. Despite the changes and challenges imposed by the pandemic, ACSs played an important role in containing the spread of the virus, whether through monitoring suspected and confirmed cases, or through guidance offered to the population. COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 ACSs. . (ACSs) semistructured semi structured questionnaire 2 questions tabulated Excel software 9 67 60 (60 survey respondents 92 55 (55 women 8 5 (5 men 3140 31 40 31-4 years 82 49 (49 area addition 80 48 (48 visits pandemic 98 58 (58 method virus population COVID1 1 COVID- (ACSs 6 (6 ( 314 3 4 31- (4

Abstract This analytical study aimed to evaluate the actions to combat COVID-19 from the perspective of community health agents (ACSs). A semi-structured questionnaire, with 21 closed questions, was used to collect the desired information. The data were tabulated, and a descriptive analysis of the information was performed using Microsoft Excel® software. During the study, there were 90 ACSs, of which 67% (60) participated in the survey. Among the respondents, 92% (55) were women, and 8% (5) were men, in the age range of 31-40 years. All the ACSs (60) mentioned the existence of cases of COVID-19 and 82% (49) reported the occurrence of deaths from this disease in their work area. In addition, 80% (48) of the agents detected suspected cases during their home visits. Concerning the work routine during the pandemic, 82% (49) of the participants declared that they maintained their activities and 98% (58) claimed changes in the work method. Despite the changes and challenges imposed by the pandemic, ACSs played an important role in containing the spread of the virus, whether through monitoring suspected and confirmed cases, or through guidance offered to the population.

Resumo Este estudo analítico teve como objetivo avaliar as ações de combate à Covid-19 na perspectiva dos agentes comunitários de saúde (ACSs). Um questionário semiestruturado em 21 questões foi utilizado para coletar as informações desejadas. Os dados foram tabulados e foi realizada uma análise descritiva das informações, utilizando o software Microsoft Excel®. O universo amostral era composto por 90 ACSs, dos quais 67% (60) participaram da pesquisa. Dentre os participantes, 92% (55) eram mulheres e 8% (5) eram homens, na faixa etária de 31 a 40 anos. Todos os ACSs (60) mencionaram a existência de casos de Covid-19 e 82% (49) relataram a ocorrência de óbitos por essa doença no seu território de atuação. Além disso, 80% (48) dos agentes detectaram casos suspeitos durante suas visitas domiciliares. Em relação à rotina de trabalho durante a pandemia, 82% (49) dos participantes afirmaram manter suas atividades e 98% (58) alegaram mudanças no método de trabalho. Apesar das mudanças e desafios impostos pela pandemia, os ACSs desempenharam importante papel na contenção da disseminação do vírus, seja por meio do monitoramento dos casos suspeitos e casos confirmados, ou através de orientações oferecidas à população.

Abstract Objective To analyze the perceptions of nurses under the Family Health Strategy regarding Home Care offered to older adults. Method A descriptive, qualitative study involving semi-structured interviews of nurses to elucidate the perceptions of these professionals about home care was conducted. The Discourse of the Collective Subject method, anchored in Social Representation theory, was employed. Results A sample of 14 nurses, predominantly women, Family and Community Health experts, who made weekly home-care visits, was studied. Participants reported the importance of care, of appreciating the patient´s situation and of delivering health services. The nurses also reported performing a range of procedures during visits. After the home visits, the professionals made notes in the patient medical records, discussed cases with the multidisciplinary team or scheduled the next visits. Most participants stressed the importance of humanized care and technical knowledge. Treatment continuity and building ties were positive aspects cited. Regarding drawbacks, lack of resources was the most commonly cited aspect. Conclusion The participants acknowledged the importance of Home Care in the Family Health Strategy offered to older adults, a practice which promotes deeper understanding of patients, provides treatment continuity, but that also faces challenges in practice. adults descriptive semistructured semi structured conducted method theory employed 1 women experts homecare visits studied patients s services records knowledge drawbacks aspect

Resumo Objetivo Analisar a percepção dos enfermeiros da Estratégia Saúde da Família em relação à Atenção Domiciliar oferecida às pessoas idosas. Método Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo descritivo, foram empregadas entrevistas semiestruturadas para aprofundar a compreensão da percepção desses profissionais sobre o tema. Combinando a abordagem do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo com a Representação Social. Resultados Participaram do estudo 14 enfermeiros, sendo a maioria mulheres, especialistas em Saúde da Família e Comunidade, que normalmente realizavam atendimento domiciliar semanalmente. Os participantes relacionam a importância do cuidado, compreender a realidade do paciente e a prestação dos serviços de saúde. Além disso, relataram realizar diversos tipos de procedimentos durante o atendimento. Após os atendimentos domiciliares, os profissionais realizam as anotações nos prontuários, discutem com a equipe multidisciplinar ou agendam as próximas visitas. A maioria dos participantes enfatizou a importância do atendimento humanizado e do conhecimento técnico. A continuidade do tratamento e a formação de vínculo foram aspectos positivos. Quanto as desvantagens, a falta de recursos foi a mais prevalente entre os relatos. Conclusão Os participantes reconhecem a importância da Atenção Domiciliar na Estratégia Saúde da Família oferecida para pessoas idosas, essa prática promove a compreensão profunda do paciente e continuidade do tratamento, entretanto, ainda permanecem desafios para atuação. idosas Tratase Trata se descritivo tema Social 1 mulheres Comunidade semanalmente cuidado saúde disso domiciliares prontuários visitas técnico positivos desvantagens relatos entretanto atuação

Abstract: Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, a wide range of organizations have started using teleworking, without previously evaluating its optimal conditions, both due to the situation of emergency as well as the lack of instruments. This study analyzes the internal structure and invariance by sex of a questionnaire that assesses personal, family, work and home conditions that influence teleworking. The elaboration of the questionnaire, denominated Perception of Conditions for Telework Questionnaire, was based on research and experience reports related to this field. It was validated on a sample of 1,165 Chilean public servants between the ages of 30 and 65, in which the majority of the subjects were female (85%). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were performed. Results indicate that the instrument achieves a robust factorial structure and a very high level of reliability (Cronbach's alpha of 0.96), with 32 items and 5 dimensions with significant and strong interrelationships, between 0.60 and 0.85, the invariance by sex presents significant differences between men and women. It is concluded that the instrument presents high reliability and validity, which allows its use in the measurement of relevant factors for the achievement of an adequate teleworking system. However, the difference between men and women should be reviewed, since the factors could be sensitive to cultural gender differences. Another limitation is that the study only carries out internal validation, lacking progress in the external validation of the construct.

Resumen: A partir de la pandemia por COVID-19, el teletrabajo tuvo un uso extendido en diversas organizaciones, sin evaluar sus condiciones óptimas, tanto por la situación de emergencia como por la falta de instrumentos. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar la estructura interna y la invarianza por sexo de un cuestionario que evalúa las condiciones personales, familiares, laborales y del hogar que influyen en el teletrabajo. Para ello se construyó el cuestionario Condiciones para el Teletrabajo en el Hogar, diseñado en base a estudios y reportes de experiencias desarrolladas en la temática. Participaron 1165 funcionarios públicos de tres ciudades de la región del Maule, Chile, siendo una amplia mayoría del género femenino (85%), con edades entre los 30 y 65 años. Se realizó análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio. Los resultados señalan que el instrumento logra una estructura factorial robusta y un nivel de consistencia interna muy alto (alfa de Cronbach de 0,96), con 32 ítems y 5 dimensiones con interrelaciones significativas y fuertes, entre 0,60 y 0,85. la invarianza por sexo presenta diferencias significativas entre hombres y mujeres. Se concluye que el instrumento presenta alta consistencia interna y validez, lo que permite su utilización en la medición de factores relevantes para el logro de un adecuado sistema de teletrabajo. Sin embargo, se debe revisar la diferencia entre hombres y mujeres, pues los factores podrían ser sensibles a diferencias culturales. Otra limitación es que el estudio solo realiza la validación interna, faltando avanzar en la validación externa del constructo.

ABSTRACT: The pandemic caused by the new coronavirus has brought several challenges to higher education and education in general. The nationwide lockdown disrupted traditional face-to-face teaching and forced teachers and students to stay home. The closure of all educational institutions led to the need to think about alternatives to continue the teaching-learning process. Thus, the educational field has experienced significant variation in terms of including a range of information and communication technologies (ICTs) tools. This qualitative and exploratory research starts from a universe of 283 online journalistic articles from the first two years of the pandemic that, after selection, resulted in 27 articles for a more detailed analysis. The results converge to three major areas: (1) structural aspects, (2) those concerning the teaching staff, and (3) those on the students. The analysis of the selected materials verified that, as support tools, the ICTs gave the educational system more flexibility, adaptability, and dynamism, allowing the continuity of the teaching process. Though these technologies have brought new and significant possibilities for educational practices, they have faced, and still face, several challenges related to teacher training, educational teams' resistance to changes, educational institutions' structural characteristics, and the need for students' motivation. ABSTRACT general facetoface face home teachinglearning learning process Thus (ICTs tools 28 that selection 2 areas 1 (1 aspects (2 staff 3 (3 flexibility adaptability dynamism practices faced training teams changes characteristics motivation (

RESUMO: A pandemia provocada pelo novo coronavírus trouxe uma série de desafios ao ensino superior e à educação como um todo. Resultou no fechamento das atividades nacionalmente, interrompendo o formato tradicional de ensino presencial e forçando professores e alunos a ficarem em casa. Com isso, as instituições de ensino foram compelidas a pensar em formas alternativas para a continuidade do processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Assim, o campo educacional experimentou uma variação significativa com a inclusão das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TICs). Baseando-se no método qualitativo e exploratório, esta pesquisa parte de um universo composto por 283 matérias jornalísticas on-line publicadas nos dois primeiros anos de pandemia que, após seleção, resultou em 27 matérias para análise detalhada. Os resultados da investigação convergem para três conjuntos de domínios principais: (1) aspectos estruturais, (2) aspectos relativos ao corpo docente e (3) ao corpo discente. A análise pormenorizada dos materiais selecionados permitiu a constatação de que as TICs, enquanto ferramentas de suporte deram mais flexibilidade, adaptabilidade e dinamismo ao sistema educativo, permitindo a continuidade do processo de ensino. Embora o uso dessas tecnologias tenha trazido novas e significativas possibilidades para as práticas educativas, sua adoção enfrentou, e ainda enfrenta, diversos desafios relacionados à formação docente, à resistência às mudanças por parte das equipes educativas, às características estruturais das instituições de ensino e à necessidade de motivação dos discentes. RESUMO todo nacionalmente casa isso ensinoaprendizagem. ensinoaprendizagem aprendizagem. aprendizagem ensino-aprendizagem Assim TICs. TICs . (TICs) Baseandose Baseando se exploratório 28 online on line seleção 2 detalhada principais 1 (1 (2 3 (3 discente flexibilidade educativo educativas enfrentou enfrenta discentes (TICs (

RESUMEN: La pandemia provocada por el nuevo coronavirus ha traído una serie de retos a la educación superior y a la educación en su conjunto. Resultó en el cierre de actividades a nivel nacional, interrumpiendo el formato tradicional de enseñanza presencial y obligando a docentes y alumnos a quedarse en casa. Con eso, las instituciones educativas se vieron obligadas a pensar en formas alternativas para continuar el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Así, el campo educativo experimentó una variación importante con la inclusión de las Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación (TICs). Basada en el método cualitativo y exploratorio, la investigación parte de un universo compuesto por 283 artículos periodísticos en línea pertenecientes a los dos primeros años de la pandemia que, luego de la selección, resultó en 27 artículos para un análisis detallado. Los resultados de la investigación convergen en tres conjuntos de dominios principales: (1) aspectos estructurales, (2) relacionados con la facultad y (3) cuerpo estudiantil. El análisis detallado de los materiales seleccionados permitió comprobar que las TIC, como herramientas de apoyo, otorgaron mayor flexibilidad, adaptabilidad y dinamismo al sistema educativo, permitiendo la continuidad del proceso de enseñanza. Mismo que el uso de estas tecnologías haya traído nuevas y significativas posibilidades para las prácticas educativas, su adopción enfrentó y enfrenta varios desafíos relacionados a la formación docente, la resistencia a los cambios por parte de los equipos educativos, las características estructurales de las instituciones educativas y la necesidad de motivación de los estudiantes. RESUMEN conjunto nacional casa eso enseñanzaaprendizaje. enseñanzaaprendizaje aprendizaje. aprendizaje enseñanza-aprendizaje Así TICs. TICs . (TICs) exploratorio 28 selección 2 principales 1 (1 (2 3 (3 estudiantil TIC apoyo flexibilidad docente educativos estudiantes (TICs (

Resumo Introdução: Diante da intensa medicalização do parto, evidencia-se a necessidade de profissionais orientadas pela normalidade desse evento, como parteiras diplomadas, sejam elas enfermeiras obstetras ou obstetrizes. Apesar da reconhecida importância, certas especificidades da atuação dessas profissionais ainda permanecem pouco elucidadas. Objetivo: Buscou-se identificar as ferramentas presentes na valise de parteiras diplomadas formadas pelo curso de Obstetrícia da Universidade de São Paulo. Metodologia: Trata-se de estudo descrito-exploratório, com abordagem qualitativa. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com cinco obstetrizes entre agosto de 2020 e maio de 2021, em ambiente virtual. O material foi analisado por meio de mapas dialógicos. Resultados: Na valise das entrevistadas, identificou-se tecnologias leves, leve-duras e duras. Entre as tecnologias leves encontram-se o afeto, a comunicação (saber falar, saber ouvir) e o vínculo. As tecnologias leve-duras incluem disciplinas básicas, evidências científicas, experiência e intuição. Por fim, as tecnologias duras contemplam instrumentos produzidos pela atividade humana, além do uso da materialidade do corpo. Conclusões: Verificou-se que as obstetrizes recorrem a tecnologias duras à medida que não conseguem atingir o fim desejado com tecnologias leves, embora utilizem os recursos relacionais de maneira transversal a todo o processo. Para empregar tais recursos tecnológicos, as profissionais utilizam saberes muito distintos, sem necessariamente hierarquizá-los. Introdução parto evidenciase evidencia se evento importância elucidadas Objetivo Buscouse Buscou Paulo Metodologia Tratase Trata descritoexploratório, descritoexploratório descrito exploratório, exploratório descrito-exploratório qualitativa 202 2021 virtual dialógicos Resultados entrevistadas identificouse identificou leveduras leve encontramse encontram afeto falar ouvir vínculo básicas científicas intuição humana corpo Conclusões Verificouse Verificou processo tecnológicos distintos hierarquizálos. hierarquizálos hierarquizá los. los hierarquizá-los 20 2

Abstract Introduction: Given the intense medicalization of childbirth and the hegemony of a technocratic model, there is a growing need for professional midwives to promote safe pregnancy and childbirth with minimal interventions. Objective: This study aims to identify the technologies present in the toolbox of certified midwives graduated from University of São Paulo. Methodology: It consists of a descriptive-exploratory study, with a qualitative approach. Semi-structured interviews were carried out virtually with five midwives from August 2020 to May 2021. The material was analyzed using dialogical maps. Results: A very heterogeneous range of technologies was identified, which included soft, soft-hard, and hard technologies. Soft technologies include affection, effective communication (knowing how to speak, knowing how to listen), and bonding. Soft-hard technologies include basic disciplines, scientific evidence, experience, and intuition. Finally, hard technologies include human-made instruments, in addition to the use of the materiality of the body. Conclusions: Midwives tend to use hard technologies when they are unable to achieve the desired effect with the soft technologies they had available, while also using their interrelational resources throughout the entire process. Furthermore, to employ such technological resources, professionals use different kinds of knowledge, without hierarchizing them. Introduction model interventions Objective Paulo Methodology descriptiveexploratory descriptive exploratory approach Semistructured Semi structured 202 2021 maps Results identified softhard, softhard hard, soft-hard affection speak listen, listen , listen) bonding Softhard disciplines evidence experience intuition Finally humanmade human made instruments body Conclusions available process Furthermore knowledge them 20 2

RESUMEN Objetivo: conocer la prevalencia y características de los trastornos de la deglución en personas mayores institucionalizadas en establecimientos de larga estadía en la ciudad de Iquique. Métodos: estudio observacional - descriptivo, compuesto por una muestra de 86 personas mayores institucionalizadas a quienes se les evaluó deglución aplicando una anamnesis alimentaria, el protocolo de deglución MECV-V y la escala de severidad FOIS. Los datos fueron analizados a través de estadística descriptiva. Resultados: se estimó una prevalencia del 70,9% de algún tipo de alteración deglutoria. El rango de edad en que predominan estas dificultades es entre 75 - 90 años. Conclusión: los trastornos deglutorios son altamente prevalentes en personas mayores institucionalizadas, existiendo variabilidad en los grados de severidad. La implementación de protocolos de rutina en centros de larga estadía podría ayudar a detectar y/o prevenir la disfagia y presbifagia entre los residentes. Objetivo Iquique Métodos descriptivo 8 alimentaria MECVV MECV V FOIS descriptiva Resultados 709 70 9 70,9 deglutoria 7 años Conclusión yo o residentes 70,

ABSTRACT Purpose: to know the prevalence and characteristics of swallowing disorders in older people, institutionalized in nursing homes, in the city of Iquique. Methods: an observational, descriptive study, composed of 86 institutionalized older people, which evaluated for swallowing, by applying a food history, the MECV-V swallowing protocol, and the FOIS severity scale. The data were analyzed through descriptive statistics. Results: a prevalence of 70.9% of some types of swallowing disorders was estimated. The age range in which these difficulties predominate is between 75 and 90 years. Conclusion: swallowing disorders are highly prevalent in institutionalized older people, with variability in the degrees of severity. The implementation of routine protocols in nursing homes could help detect and prevent dysphagia and presbyphagia among residents. Purpose people Iquique Methods observational study 8 history MECVV MECV V protocol scale statistics Results 709 70 9 70.9 estimated 7 years Conclusion residents 70.

ABSTRACT Introduction: High-dose cytarabine is considered standard of care as consolidation chemotherapy in adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who are not eligible for allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation, but may be associated with significant toxicity. We evaluated the toxicity associated with high-dose cytarabine given as consolidation in AML patients treated at a Brazilian public hospital. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of all patients with AML treated between 2008 and 2020 who obtained complete remission (CR) after one cycle of induction chemotherapy and received consolidation with at least one cycle of high-dose cytarabine (defined as 3 g/m² every 12 h days 1, 3 and 5). Results: Among 61 patients who received induction remission, 32 obtained CR and 28 received at least one cycle of high-dose cytarabine, for a total of 67 cycles (median 2 cycles per patient, range 1 - 4). In 45 cycles (67.2%) the patient was discharged after the end of chemotherapy, with a median of 6 days at home (range 3 - 8). Readmission occurred in 31 of the 45 cycles (68.9%). The most frequent toxicities were febrile neutropenia (56.7%), nausea and vomiting (23.9%), oral mucositis (14.9%) and diarrhea (11.9%). Bacteremia was documented in 13 cycles (34.2%). There were three cases of typhlitis and two of invasive fungal disease (aspergillosis and candidemia). Four patients died (14.3%), with two deaths considered treatment-related (candidemia and typhlitis). Conclusion: In the setting of a Brazilian public hospital, high-dose cytarabine as consolidation therapy is feasible, with manageable toxicity profile. Introduction Highdose High dose (AML transplantation highdose high hospital Methods 200 202 (CR defined gm² gm g m² m g/m 5. 5 . 5) Results 4. 4 4) 67.2% 672 (67.2% 8. 8 8) 68.9%. 689 68.9% 68 9 (68.9%) 56.7%, 567 56.7% , 56 7 (56.7%) 23.9%, 239 23.9% 23 (23.9%) 14.9% 149 14 (14.9% 11.9%. 119 11.9% 11 (11.9%) 34.2%. 342 34.2% 34 (34.2%) aspergillosis candidemia. candidemia candidemia) 14.3%, 143 14.3% (14.3%) treatmentrelated treatment related typhlitis. typhlitis) Conclusion feasible profile 20 67.2 (67.2 68.9 (68.9% 56.7 (56.7% 23.9 (23.9% 14.9 (14.9 11.9 (11.9% 34.2 (34.2% 14.3 (14.3% 67. (67. 68. (68.9 56. (56.7 23. (23.9 14. (14. 11. (11.9 34. (34.2 (14.3 (67 (68. (56. (23. (14 (11. (34. (6 (68 (56 (23 (1 (11 (34 ( (5 (2 (3

BACKGROUND: Studies show that youth in low socioeconomic communities suffer significant disturbances in mental and emotional health because of exposure to violence and peer victimisation, manifesting in internalising disorders such as depression, anxiety and traumatic stress. AIM: To examine the relation between risks and exposure to community violence and peer victimisation. SETTING: Low socioeconomic communities in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal. METHODS: Data were collected via school and home interviews with youth and maternal caregivers using standardised schedules and instruments. These included the Demographics and Questions about Child's Health schedule, the Family History of Risk Questionnaire, the Child Behaviour Checklist, the Social Experiences Questionnaire and the Survey of Children's Exposure to Violence. Youth sample comprised 256 participants, with age range from 9 to 18 years, and 65% being female. RESULTS: Sociodemographic risks were significantly associated with lifetime witnessing violence, victimisation and hearing about violence. Low maternal education was associated with overt peer victimisation and cyber-victimisation. Internalising conditions such as worry and oversensitivity, fear and concentration, youth anxiety and maternal anxiety were also significantly associated with violence exposure and peer victimisation. CONCLUSION: Predisposing risks for exposure to violence and victimisation occur in all domains, suggesting that interventions should target these domains to minimise their impact. Co-occurring experience of violence at the personal, proximal and distal levels perpetuate a cyclical loop of violence, intersecting and influencing each other. CONTRIBUTION: Risk factors such as anxious attachment, avoidant attachment and anxiety, conceptually often seen as maladaptive outcomes, also serve as predisposing risks for violence exposure.

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 epidemic has revealed disturbing information about how chronic diseases are treated globally. Healthcare providers and coronavirus response teams have primarily reported on how individuals with chronic conditions sought care and treatment. However, individuals' experiences of patients are yet unknown AIM: This study aimed to explore those strategies that enabled patients with chronic diseases access to chronic care and treatment during and beyond the COVID-19 pandemic SETTING: The study was conducted in the predominantly rural district of the Northwest Province, South Africa METHODS: An explorative qualitative research design was followed. Information-rich participants were chosen using a purposive sampling technique. Individual face-to-face interviews were used to gather data. Data saturation was achieved after interviewing n = 28 people in total. The six steps of Braun and Clarke thematic data analysis were used to analyse the data RESULTS: The study revealed three themes, which includes improved healthcare structural systems, shift from traditional chronic care to digital care services and medication refill and buddy system CONCLUSION: The findings of this study revealed a range of effective and noteworthy approaches that facilitated access to treatment and continuity of care. As a result, enhancing telemedicine as well as structural systems such as appointment scheduling, decanting choices, mobile and medication home delivery can improve access to care and treatment CONTRIBUTION: The burden of disease and avoidable death will be eventually addressed by maximising the use of telemedicine and sustaining the new norm of ongoing care through digital and remote care and decanting strategies