RESUMO: O estudo de adaptabilidade, estabilidade e produtividade é importante para selecionar e recomendar genótipos superiores. Esse fato é particularmente válido para a introdução de cultivares de feijão comum no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, cuja produção é ínfima e não atende a demanda interna. Assim, este trabalho teve como objetivo estimar parâmetros genéticos e ganhos de seleção e realizar uma seleção simultânea para adaptabilidade, estabilidade e produtividade de genótipos de feijão preto através de modelos mistos. O estudo foi realizado em três municípios do estado do Rio de Janeiro e em três anos agrícolas. Os ensaios foram instalados em delineamento de blocos casualizados com 11 genótipos e três repetições. Observou-se alta herdabilidade média (81%), acurácia seletiva (90%) e boas perspectivas de seleção. Também foram observados ganhos satisfatórios para a característica entre 1,03 e 9,49%. A seleção simultânea foi eficiente e permitiu selecionar duas linhagens de feijão preto CNFP (15290 e 15361) como sendo as mais produtivas, adaptáveis e estáveis e, portanto, têm potencial para serem lançadas como novas cultivares de feijão preto para o estado do Rio de Janeiro. RESUMO adaptabilidade superiores Brasil interna Assim mistos agrícolas 1 repetições Observouse Observou se 81%, 81 81% , (81%) 90% 90 (90% 103 03 1,0 949 9 49 9,49% 15290 (1529 15361 produtivas portanto 8 (81% (90 10 0 1, 94 4 9,49 1529 (152 1536 (81 (9 9,4 152 (15 153 (8 ( 9, 15 (1

ABSTRACT: The study of adaptability, stability, and productivity is essential for selecting and recommending superior genotypes. This fact is particularly the case for the introduction of common bean cultivars in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, whose production is negligible and does not meet the internal demand. Thus, this study estimated genetic parameters and selection gains and undertake a simultaneous selection for adaptability, stability, and productivity in black bean genotypes via mixed models. The investigation was carried out in three municipalities in the state of Rio de Janeiro during three crop years. The trials were set up in a randomized block design with 11 genotypes and three replications. High mean heritability (81%) and selection accuracy (90%), as well as good selection prospects, were observed. Gains between 1.03 and 9.49% were achieved for grain yield. Simultaneous selection was efficient, indicating two black bean lines (CNFP 15290 and CNFP 15361) as the most productive, adaptable, and stable. As such, these lines have the potential to be released as new black bean cultivars for the state of Rio de Janeiro. ABSTRACT adaptability stability Brazil demand Thus models years 1 replications 81% 81 (81% 90%, 90 90% , (90%) prospects observed 103 03 1.0 949 9 49 9.49 yield efficient 1529 15361 productive adaptable stable such 8 (81 (90% 10 0 1. 94 4 9.4 152 1536 (8 (90 9. 15 153 ( (9

Abstract Introduction. Segregated populations can exhibit fluctuating yields from one generation to the next. This can sometimes perplex plant breeders when interpreting observed phenomena and determining which selection methods to choose. Objective. To analyze the performance and yield components of several tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) populations selected through the pedigree method in lowland environments in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. Materials and methods. This study was conducted from December 2018 to April 2019 at the Experimental Garden of Bogor Agricultural University, Tajur II (207 meters above sea level), Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. Four generations were utilized, derived from 99D×Tora, i.e., 200 plants from the F2 generation and 100 plants each from the F3, F5, and F6 generations, respectively. Results. Population variance in terms of yield and yield components, as well as heritability, were lower in later generations compared to earlier generations. An increase in mean value was observed in the F3 generation, but decreased in the F5 and F6 generations across all observed traits. This could be attributed to fixation resulting from the elimination of epistatic genes that played a role in environmental stress. Conclusion. Pedigree selection in early generation was not suitable in lowland. It is suggested to evaluate mass selection methods or single seed descent, as these methods were able to maintain population variance into later generations.

Resumen Introducción. Las poblaciones segregadas pueden mostrar un rendimiento fluctuante de una generación a otra. Esto a veces puede confundir a los mejoradores de plantas al interpretar los fenómenos observados y determinar los métodos de selección que deben elegirse. Objetivo. Analizar el rendimiento y los componentes de rendimiento de varias poblaciones de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum), mediante el método de pedigrí en entornos de tierras bajas, Bogor, Java Occidental, Indonesia. Materiales y métodos. Este estudio se llevó a cabo de diciembre de 2018 a abril de 2019 en el Jardín Experimental de la Universidad Agrícola de Bogor, Tajur II (207 metros sobre el nivel del mar), Bogor, Java Occidental, Indonesia. Se utilizaron cuatro generaciones, obtenidas a partir de 99D×Tora, es decir, 200 plantas de la generación F2 y 100 plantas de cada una de las generaciones F3, F5 y F6, respectivamente. Resultados. La varianza de la población en cuanto al rendimiento y los componentes de rendimiento y la heredabilidad fueron menores en las generaciones posteriores en comparación con las generaciones anteriores. Se observó un aumento en el valor medio en la generación F3, pero disminuyó en las generaciones F5 y F6 en todos los caracteres observados. Esto podría ser causado por la fijación como resultado de la eliminación de genes de epistasia que desempeñaron un papel en el estrés ambiental. Conclusión. La selección de pedigrí en las primeras generaciones no fue adecuada en las tierras bajas. Se sugiere evaluar métodos masales o descendencia de una sola semilla, ya que esos métodos fueron capaces de mantener la varianza de la población hasta las generaciones posteriores.

Abstract The Autism Spectrum Disorder is a neurobiological based disorder with a high percentage of heritability and a wide list of possible etiologies that presents very heterogeneous changes in neuronal architecture, con nectivity and synaptogenesis with characteristic clinical manifestations whose origin points to environmental, immunological, genetic and other causes, without hav ing been confirmed specific biomarkers. Diagnosis con tinues to be based on typical features including repeti tive behaviors and impaired communication and social interaction. Their genetic and non-genetic risk factors are reviewed to advance knowledge about the pathologi cal processes that may be related to their origin.

Resumen El Trastorno del Espectro Autista es una patología de base neurobiológica con alto porcentaje de hereda bilidad y amplia lista de posibles etiologías, que pre senta cambios muy heterogéneos en la arquitectura, conectividad y sinaptogénesis neuronal, con manifes taciones clínicas características, cuyo origen apunta a causas ambientales, inmunológicas, genéticas y otras, sin haberse confirmado biomarcadores específicos. El diagnóstico se sigue basando en características típicas que incluyen conductas repetitivas y comunicación e interacción social deterioradas. Se revisan sus factores de riesgo genéticos y no genéticos para avanzar en el conocimiento sobre los procesos patológicos que pueden relacionarse a su origen.

Abstract Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a complex and heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disor der from a causal, clinical and prognostic perspective. Research reflects its multifactorial nature with a promi nent role of genetic factors. Population studies have historically pointed to the involvement of numerous genetic variants of small effect size, which hardly by themselves increase the risk of presenting the disorder and hardly justify its high heritability. Many of them are present in more than 60% of the general population, suggesting their modulatory rather than causal role. However, after the irruption of new genetic techniques in the last 15 years, a greater number of cases are be ing identified with genetic disorders (many of them monogenic), whose genetic variants alone explain the presence of ADHD. A detailed study of the personal and family history, as well as a complete physical examination, can help to identify some of them. The identification of the cause in this group of cases has a crucial value in clinical counseling, genetic-familial counseling and prognostic anticipation, as well as in the performance or avoidance of complementary stud ies and in the design of the intervention plan.

Resumen El trastorno por déficit de atención/hiperactividad (TDAH) es un trastorno del neurodesarrollo complejo y heterogéneo desde una perspectiva causal, clínica y pro nóstica. La investigación refleja su carácter multifactorial con un papel destacado de los factores genéticos. Los estudios poblacionales han señalado históricamente la implicación de numerosas variantes genéticas de escaso tamaño de efecto, las cuales por sí mismas apenas incre mentan el riesgo de TDAH y difícilmente justifican su ele vada heredabilidad. Muchas de ellas están presentes en más del 60% de la población general, lo que sugiere su pa pel modulador más que causal. No obstante, gracias a la irrupción de nuevas técnicas genéticas en los últimos 15 años, se están identificando un mayor número de casos con trastornos genéticos (muchos de ellos monogénicos), cuyas variantes genéticas explican por sí mismas la presencia del TDAH. El estudio detallado de los antecedentes personales y familiares, así como una exploración física completa, puede ayudar a identificar algunos de ellos. La identificación de la causa en este conjunto de casos tiene un valor crucial en el asesoramiento clínico, el consejo genético-familiar y la anticipación pronóstica, así como en la realización o evitación de estudios complementarios y en el diseño del plan terapéutico.

RESUMEN Antecedentes: La cría de búfalas de agua para la producción de leche alcanza 41 años en el panorama pecuario cubano. Objetivos. Se realizó un análisis del comportamiento lechero, en diferentes rebaños del país y se compararon con el de la empresa Los Naranjos, se analizó el comportamiento de la Habilidad Productiva Más Probable (HPMP) y se estimaron componentes genéticos para diferentes rasgos lecheros de las búfalas pertenecientes a esa empresa en particular. Métodos: Un total de 24 907 lactancias de diferentes rebaños del país y 6 498 de la Empresa Los Naranjos que ocurrieron entre 2013 a 2020, se estudiaron mediante modelos lineales multicarácter con efectos aleatorios de padre y de la hembra que produce el registro, modelos para estimar algunos factores ambientales y genéticos que afectan la producción de leche a 100 días (L100); 200 días (L200), leche total (Ltot) y la duración de la lactancia (Dlac). Resultados: Las hembras que parieron en el año 2020 produjeron -62,1 kg y -96,2 kg de L200 y Ltot respectivamente respecto a las paridas en 2013, aun cuando la Dlac se incrementó en 15 días en el mismo periodo. Se manifestó una amplia variabilidad en la habilidad productiva más probable (HPMP), pero la evolución de este indicador en función del año de nacimiento de las búfalas fue prácticamente nula, indicando la poca presión de selección ejercida en la crianza de esta especie. Los estimados de repetibilidad (() estuvieron entre 0,372 a 0,397 para L100; L200 y Ltot, magnitudes prácticamente dos veces superiores en la empresa Los Naranjos respecto al resto del país. Los estimados de heredabilidad (h2) estuvieron entre ≈0.217±0.01 y 0.166±0,02 para L100; L200 y Ltot respectivamente con correlaciones genéticas superiores a 0,961. A partir de las diferencias esperadas en las progenies (DEP) se constató que las hijas de los mejores 20 sementales alcanzaron un DEP de +37,6±12,9 kg en L200 y +42,5±15,7 kg para Ltot. Conclusiones: Los indicadores bajo estudio no presentaron una evolución favorable, no obstante, se evidencian posibilidades para el trabajo de selección y mejora.

ABSTRACT Background: The breeding of water buffaloes for milk production reaches 41 years in the Cuban livestock panorama. Objective. An analysis of dairy behavior was carried out in different herds in the country and compared with that of the Los Naranjos enterprise, the behavior of the Most Probable Productive Ability (HPMP) was analyzed and genetic components were estimated for different dairy traits of the buffaloes belonging to that particular company. Methods: A total of 24 907 lactations from different herds in the country and 6 498 from the Los Naranjos company that occurred between 2013 to 2020, were studied using multicharacter linear models with random effects of father and the female that produces the record, models to estimate some environmental factors. and genetics that affect milk production at 100 days (L100); 200 days (L200), total milk (Ltot) and the duration of lactation (Dlac). Results: The females that gave birth in 2020 produced -62,1 kg and -96,2 kg of L200 and Ltot respectively compared to those that gave birth in 2013, even though Dlac increased by 15 days in the same period. A wide variability was manifested in the most probable productive ability (HPMP), but the evolution of this indicator depending on the year of birth of the buffaloes was practically null, indicating the little selection pressure exerted in the breeding of this species. Repeatability estimates (() were between 0,372 to 0,397 for L100; L200 and Ltot, magnitudes practically twice as high in the Los Naranjos company compared to the rest of the country. Heritability estimates (h2) were between ≈0,217±0,01 and 0,166±0,02 for L100; L200 and Ltot respectively with genetic correlations greater than 0,961. From the expected differences in the progenies (DEP), it was found that the daughters of the best 20 sires reached an EPD of +37,6±12.9 kg in L200 and +42,5±15,7 kg for Ltot. Conclusions: The indicators under study did not present a favorable evolution, however, possibilities for selection and improvement work are evident.

Abstract In the previous century, each intrabreed type of the Karakul sheep breed was characterized by significant numbers, representing a super population with rich genetic diversity. However, over time, the genetic diversity within the breed's gene pool has undergone significant depletion. At present, the Karakul breed is predominantly composed of only two small populations, distinguished by their fur colors: black and gray. Consequently, under such circumstances, genetic advancements in breeding endeavors are likely to be relatively limited, especially given the potential risk of these populations disappearing altogether in the future. Hence, the preservation and judicious utilization of the available genetic resources within the black and gray Karakul sheep populations hold paramount importance in breeding efforts. The primary objective of our research was to investigate the heritability of breeding traits among gray lambs through various selection options. The study was conducted at the “Kumkent” base farm in the Sozak district of the Kyzylorda region. Our findings revealed that the inheritance of gray and black fur colors across the different selection options occurred in a consistent ratio. In the first selection variant (a gray ram with even silver marking ♂ x a black jacket fur type ewe with intense pigmentation ♀), the proportion of gray offspring was 50.6%. Similarly, in the second selection variant (a black jacket fur type ram with intense pigmentation ♂ x a gray ewe with even silver marking ♀), the proportion of gray offspring was 49.6%. The percentage of black lambs obtained in both selection options was nearly equivalent, with 49.4% and 50.4% in the first and second variants, respectively. century numbers However time breeds s depletion present Consequently circumstances limited future Hence efforts Kumkent “Kumkent region ratio ♀, ♀ , ♀) 506 50 6 50.6% Similarly 496 49 49.6% equivalent 494 4 49.4 504 50.4 variants respectively 5 50.6 49.6 49. 50.

Resumo No século anterior, cada tipo intrarracial da raça de ovelhas Karakul era caracterizado por números significativos, representando uma superpopulação com rica diversidade genética. No entanto, ao longo do tempo, a diversidade genética dentro do pool genético da raça sofreu um esgotamento significativo. Atualmente, a raça Karakul é composta predominantemente por apenas duas pequenas populações, que se distinguem pelas cores da pelagem: preto e cinza. Consequentemente, sob tais circunstâncias, os avanços genéticos nos esforços de reprodução serão relativamente limitados, especialmente diante do risco potencial de estas populações desaparecerem completamente no futuro. Assim, a preservação e a utilização criteriosa dos recursos genéticos disponíveis nas populações de ovelhas Karakul pretas e cinzas são de suma importância nos esforços de reprodução. O objetivo principal da nossa pesquisa foi investigar a herdabilidade das características reprodutivas entre cordeiros cinzas através de várias opções de seleção. O estudo foi conduzido na fazenda base “Kumkent”, no distrito de Sozak, na região de Kyzylorda. Nossas descobertas revelaram que a herança das cores de pelo cinza e preto nas diferentes opções de seleção ocorreu em uma proporção consistente. Na primeira variante de seleção (um carneiro cinza com marcação prateada uniforme ♂ x uma ovelha tipo pelo preto com pigmentação intensa ♀), a proporção de descendentes cinza foi de 50,6%. Da mesma forma, na segunda variante de seleção (um carneiro tipo pelo preto com pigmentação intensa ♂ x uma ovelha cinza com marcação prateada uniforme ♀), a proporção de descendentes cinza foi de 49,6%. A percentagem de cordeiros pretos obtidos em ambas as opções de seleção foi quase equivalente, com 49,4% e 50,4% na primeira e segunda variantes, respectivamente. anterior significativos entanto tempo significativo Atualmente pelagem Consequentemente circunstâncias limitados futuro Assim Kumkent, Kumkent , “Kumkent” Sozak Kyzylorda consistente ♀, ♀ ♀) 506 50 6 50,6% forma 496 49 49,6% equivalente 494 4 49,4 504 50,4 variantes respectivamente “Kumkent 5 50,6 49,6 49, 50,

Resumo O lulo (Solanum quitoense Lam.) é uma árvore frutífera de grande importância para o sul da Colômbia, devido à sua demanda e ao seu potencial como fruta exótica no mercado internacional; no entanto, não há informações sobre componentes de variância e herdabilidade, aspectos fundamentais para avaliar o progresso da seleção. O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar a herdabilidade da produção, o peso do fruto (PF), os sólidos solúveis totais (SST) e o índice de maturidade (IM) em famílias de meios-irmãos (FMI) de lulo do primeiro ciclo de seleção recorrente. A herdabilidade estrita em quatro locais em 50 FMI foi baixa para produção, IM e PF, enquanto para SST, foi alta. O 50 FMI apresentou alta produção em Arboleda, Cartago, Tangua e La Unión. O SST foi alto em todos os quatro locais. Para PF, foi moderado em Cartago, Tangua, La Unión e Arboleda. Em relação à IM, foi alta em Tangua e La Unión, e baixa em Arboleda e Cartago. As 10 FMI selecionadas nas quatro localidades apresentaram valores acima de 50 FMI, com valor alto para produção em Arboleda, moderado em Cartago e Tangua, e baixo em La Unión; em relação ao PF, foi alto em Arboleda, Tangua e La Unión, e moderado em Cartago. Os resultados indicam a existência de uma variância genética adequada para poder selecionar e obter um alto ganho genético nas características avaliadas na FMI do lulo. Solanum Lam. Lam Colômbia internacional entanto PF , (PF) (SST (IM meiosirmãos meios irmãos (FMI recorrente 5 1 (PF

Abstract The lulo (Solanum quitoense Lam.) is a fruit tree of great importance for southern Colombia, given its demand and its potential as an exotic fruit in the international market. However, there is no information on variation and heritability, fundamental aspects for evaluating selection. The objective of this research was to estimate the heritability of yield, fruit weight (FW), total soluble solids (TSS) and maturity index (MI) in half-sib families (HSF) of lulo from the first cycle of recurrent selection. Strict sense heritability ( h e 2 ) across four locations in the 50 HSF were low for yield, MI and for FW, while for TSS it was high. The 50 FMH showed a high h e 2 in yield in Arboleda, Cartago, Tangua and La Unión. TSS was high in all four locations. For FW it was moderate in Cartago, Tangua, La Unión and Arboleda. In MI it was high in Tangua and La Unión and low in Arboleda and Cartago. The h e 2 in 10 HSF selected across four locations presented values higher than 50 HSF, with a high value for yield in Arboleda, moderate in Cartago and Tangua and low in La Unión; In FW it was high in Arboleda, Tangua and La Unión, and moderate in Cartago. The results indicate the existence of adequate genetic variance to be able to select and achieve high genetic gain in the traits evaluated in HSF of lulo. Solanum Lam. Lam Colombia market However selection , (FW) (TSS (MI halfsib half sib (HSF 5 1 (FW

ABSTRACT Shade-tolerant soybean genotypes will allow their greater adoption for use in agroforestry or intercropped systems in tropical and subtropical regions. These genotypes can be obtained from the selection of existing superior genotypes or through breeding programs. This study, was verified such genetic variability and select those genotypes with cultivation potential at reduced levels of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). Morphophysiological and yield characteristics of 16 soybean genotypes were evaluated in two experiments conducted in a controlled environment and laid in a randomized block design with three replications. Genetic parameters, correlations and genetic diversity were estimated and path analysis was performed. The soybean cultivars used showed genetic variability with a high variation index and heritability, which is advantageous for the selection of superior cultivars. Leaf area showed genotypic correlation and had a direct effect on seed weight per plant, regardless of shading. Additionally, the number of pods, hypocotyl diameter, and leaf area, all indirectly contributed to seed weight per plant regardless of shading. Seven genotypes (NS7780, NS8338, NS7667, NS7901, RK8115, CZ37B43 and 8579RSF) were selected based on genetic gain obtained by the Mulamba and Mock index at the two levels of PAR reduction tested. Furthermore, five of these genotypes (CZ37B43, RK8115, NS7901, NS8338 and 8579RSF) were identified by the Unweighted Pair-Group method Arithmetic Mean, as suitable either as a shaded crop or, as parental materials in breeding programs. Shadetolerant Shade tolerant regions programs study PAR. . (PAR) 1 replications parameters performed heritability shading Additionally pods diameter NS7780, NS7780 NS (NS7780 NS7667 NS7901 RK8115 RK CZB CZ B CZ37B4 8579RSF RSF tested Furthermore CZ37B43, (CZ37B43 NS833 PairGroup Pair Group Mean (PAR NS778 (NS778 NS766 NS790 RK811 CZ37B (CZ37B4 NS83 NS77 (NS77 NS76 NS79 RK81 (CZ37B NS8 NS7 (NS7 RK8 (NS

ABSTRACT The knowledge of correlations between multiple characteristics in plant breeding leads to more effective selection strategies. The path analysis allows refining these correlations and partitioning them into direct and indirect effects on the main variable. The path analysis becomes more effective when based on predicted genotypic values rather than phenotypic values. The objective was to evaluate correlations between the main agronomic characteristics of grapevine cultivation and their direct and indirect effects on yield per plant to improve selection strategies to reach superior progenies. A randomized complete block design was installed using four cultivars and two rootstocks, five repetitions, and plots of four plants. Data from three crop seasons were analyzed from a mixed model and genetic correlations were subject to the path analysis. A high and positive significant correlation was found between average fruit production and the number of clusters per plant. On the other hand, the average production per plant showed a low correlation to cluster width and height per grapevine. Wider and higher berries tend to increase berry fresh mass and therefore increase the contents of soluble solids and reducing sugars. Among the features, the number of clusters per plant has the strongest direct effect on fruit production in grape cultivars. Berry fresh mass, berry length, and berry width were indirectly influenced by the number of clusters and showed high heritability compared to yield and number of clusters. These characteristics could be used in indirect selection. variable progenies rootstocks repetitions plants hand sugars features length

ABSTRACT Coffea canephora beans are used for various industrial purposes, among which the use as soluble coffees stands out for producing beverages in blends with Coffea arabica. Due to the increase in demand, EMBRAPA launched ten monoclonal C. canephora cultivars, named Amazonian Robustas, adapted to the growing conditions of the Brazilian Amazon. However, the chemical composition of the beans of these cultivars is still little known. The present study aimed to estimate genetic parameters for the evaluated characteristics and determine the levels of bioactive compounds and organic acids in ten C. canephora cultivars. The experiment was set in Manaus, Amazonas, consisting of plants from the cultivars BRS 1216, BRS 2299, BRS 2314, BRS 2336, BRS 2357, BRS 3137, BRS 3193, BRS3210, BRS 3213, and BRS 3220. The cultivars were characterized according to the profile of bioactive compounds and organic acids. Analysis of variance, mean test, and genetic caracterizadas quanto ao perfil de bioativos e ácidos orgânicos. Foi parameters (genetic, environmental, and phenotypic variance and realizada análise de variância, teste de médias e estimados heritability) were conducted. The heritability of characters was parâmetros genéticos como variância genética, ambiental, fenotípica considered from intermediate 63.76% (trigonelline) to high 88.44% e herdabilidade. A herdabilidade dos caracteres foi considerada de (caffeine). Of the compounds studied, trigonelline contents ranged mediana, 63,76%, para trigonelina, a alta, 88,44%, para cafeína. Dos from 0.54 to 0.78 g.100g-1, chlorogenic acids from 3.77 to 5.31 compostos estudados, os teores de trigonelina variaram de 0,54 a g.100g-1, caffeine from 2.31 to 4.13 g.100g-1, and citric acid from 0.76 to 1.28 g.100g-1. It was observed that there is genetic variability among the cultivars for the compounds studied, and the cultivars can be used in breeding programs for the development of new cultivars. purposes arabica demand C Robustas Amazon However known Manaus Amazonas 1216 2299 2314 2336 2357 3137 3193 BRS3210 3213 3220 test orgânicos genetic, (genetic environmental conducted genética ambiental 6376 63 76 63.76 (trigonelline 8844 88 44 88.44 caffeine. . (caffeine) studied mediana 63,76% alta 88,44% cafeína 054 0 54 0.5 078 78 0.7 g.100g1, g100g1 gg g.100g 1, g 100g 1 g.100g-1 377 3 77 3.7 531 5 31 5.3 estudados 0,5 231 2 2.3 413 4 13 4.1 076 128 28 1.2 g.100g1. 1. 121 229 233 235 313 319 BRS321 321 322 637 6 7 63.7 884 8 88.4 (caffeine 63,76 88,44 05 0. 07 100g1 g.100g1 g100g g.100g- 37 3. 53 5. 0, 23 2. 41 4. 12 22 BRS32 32 63. 88. 63,7 88,4 BRS3 63, 88,

RESUMO Grãos da espécie Coffea canephora são utilizados para diversos fins industriais, dentre os quais se destacam o uso como cafés solúveis e para produção de bebidas em blends com a espécie Coffea arabica. Devido ao aumento da demanda, a EMBRAPA lançou dez cultivares monoclonais de cafeeiros C. canephora, com nome Robustas Amazônicos, adaptados às condições de cultivo da Amazônia brasileira, entretanto, a composição química dos grãos destes clones ainda é pouco conhecida. O objetivo do estudo foi estimar parâmetros genéticos para as características avaliadas e determinar os teores de compostos bioativos e de ácidos orgânicos nas dez cultivares. A unidade experimental foi instalada em Manaus, Amazonas, constituída de plantas das cultivares BRS 1216, BRS 2299, BRS 2314, BRS 2336, BRS 2357, BRS 3137, BRS 3193, BRS3210, BRS 3213 e BRS 3220. As cultivares foram 0,78 g.100g-1; os de ácidos clorogênicos de 3,77 a 5,31 g.100g-1; o de cafeína de 2,31 a 4,13 g.100g-1 e o de ácido cítrico de 0,76 a 1,28 g.100g-1. Observou-se que existe variabilidade genética entre as variedades para os compostos estudados e as cultivares podem ser utilizadas no melhoramento genético para desenvolvimento de novas cultivares. industriais arabica demanda C Amazônicos brasileira entretanto conhecida Manaus Amazonas 1216 2299 2314 2336 2357 3137 3193 BRS3210 321 3220 078 0 78 0,7 g.100g1 g100g1 gg g.100g 1 g 100g 377 3 77 3,7 531 5 31 5,3 231 2 2,3 413 4 13 4,1 g.100g- 076 76 128 28 1,2 g.100g1. 1. Observouse Observou 121 229 233 235 313 319 BRS321 32 322 07 7 0, 100g1 g100g 37 3, 53 5, 23 2, 41 4, 12 1, 22 BRS32 BRS3

Abstract Growth and carcass traits are essential selection criteria for beef cattle breeding programs. However, it is necessary to combine these measurements with body composition traits to meet the demand of the consumer market. This study aimed to estimate the genetic parameters for visual scores, growth (pre and post-weaning weights), and carcass (rib eye area (REA), back and rump fat thickness) traits in Nellore cattle using Bayesian inference. Data from 12,060 animals belonging to the HoRa Hofig Ramos herd were used. Morphological traits were evaluated by the MERCOS methodology. The heritability estimates obtained ranged from low to high magnitude, from 0.15 to 0.28 for visual scores, 0.13 to 0.44 for growth, and from 0.42 to 0.46 for carcass traits. Genetic correlations between visual scores and growth traits were generally of moderate to high magnitudes, however, visual scores showed low correlations with carcass traits, except between sacral bone and structure and REA. Selection for visual score traits can lead to favorable responses in body weight and vice versa, but the same is not true for carcass traits. Morphological categorical traits can be used as complementary tools that add value to selection. programs However market pre postweaning post weaning weights, weights , weights) rib REA, REA (REA) thickness inference 12060 12 060 12,06 methodology magnitude 015 0 15 0.1 028 28 0.2 013 13 044 44 0.4 042 42 046 46 magnitudes however versa (REA 1206 1 06 12,0 01 0. 02 2 04 4 120 12,

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to present a methodological tool for the phenotypic evaluation in progeny tests of Guazuma crinita in producer plots of the Aguaytía river basin, Ucayali, Peru, which allows field technicians to standardize the morphological evaluation criteria of trees in forest plantations. Therefore, the phenotypic traits were evaluated for plant height (m), diameter at the height of the base (cm), number of branches, number of rings, stem form, branch orientation, presence and quantity of leaves. The heritability and genetic and phenotypic correlations between traits were also estimated. Therefore, 32 morphological categories were plotted based on the significant correlations (p? 0.05) shown between the place of planting, the stem form, the orientation of the branches and the presence of leaves. For the same reason, the progeny showed low morphological patterns, being a low factor of phenotypic variability. It is concluded that the correlations between the biometric and morphological traits evaluated, allowed to validate the phenotypic evaluation procedures of Guazuma crinita progeny tests at 36 months of age. basin Ucayali Peru plantations Therefore m, m , (m) cm, cm (cm) rings form leaves estimated 3 p (p 0.05 005 0 05 planting reason patterns variability age (m (cm 0.0 00 0.

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi apresentar uma ferramenta metodológica para avaliação fenotípica em testes de progênie de Guazuma crinita em parcelas de produtores na bacia do rio Aguaytía, Ucayali, Peru, que permite aos técnicos de campo padronizar os critérios de avaliação morfológica das árvores em plantações florestais. Também foi estimada a herdabilidade e as correlações genéticas e fenotípicas entre os caracteres. Dessa maneira, os caracteres fenotípicos foram avaliados para altura da planta (m), diâmetro na altura da base (cm), número de ramos, número de anéis, forma do fuste, orientação do ramo, presença e quantidade de folhas. Sendo assim, 32 categorias morfológicas foram plotadas com base nas correlações significativas (p? 0,05) mostradas entre local de plantio, forma do fuste, orientação do ramo e presença de folhas. Conclui-se que as correlações entre os caracteres biométricas e morfológicas avaliadas permitiram a validação dos procedimentos de avaliação fenotípica dos testes de progênies de Guazuma crinita aos 36 meses de idade. Aguaytía Ucayali Peru florestais maneira m, m , (m) cm, cm (cm) ramos anéis fuste folhas assim 3 p (p 0,05 005 0 05 plantio Concluise Conclui se idade (m (cm 0,0 00 0,

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of genotype x harvest interactions on different agronomic traits, the genetic correlation between traits in early selection under water stress, and early selection in cassava. 25 cassava genotypes were evaluated in a randomized block experimental design with four replications. The variables root weight (RW), root number per plant (RN), root diameter (RD), root length (RL), root dry matter content (DMC), stem number per plant (SN), plant height (PH), stem diameter (SD), mite severity (MS), and harvest index (HI) were evaluated under water stress conditions in two harvests. Broad-sense heritability (h²), realized heritability ( ( h R 2 )), and the index of coincidence (IC) were estimated. Accuracy estimates ranged from 0.62 for RL to 0.86 for DMC. A significant genotype effect was identified on all traits, except for RW, RL and SD. Significant genotype x harvest interactions occurred for the variables SN, PH, SD, and HI. (h²) estimates ranged from 0.27 for RL to 0.79 for SN. The estimates of the index of coincidence ranged from 100% to 25%. A positive correlation was observed between all variables under study, except for MS, RN and SN, and the other traits. The genotypes showed similar performance in the two harvests for most variables, except for SN, PH, SD, and HI. replications RW , (RW) RN, (RN) RD, RD (RD) RL, (RL) DMC, DMC (DMC) SN (SN) PH (PH) SD (SD) MS (MS) HI (HI Broadsense Broad sense h², h² )) IC (IC estimated 062 0 62 0.6 086 86 0.8 (h² 027 27 0.2 079 79 0.7 100 25% (RW (RN (RD (RL (DMC (SN (PH (SD (MS ) 06 6 0. 08 8 (h 02 07 7 10 1

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a interação genótipos x safras de diferentes caracteres, a correlação genética entre caracteres agronómicos na seleção precoce sob déficit hídrico, bem com avaliar a seleção precoce desses caracteres. Foram avaliados 25 genótipos de mandioca em delineamento experimental de blocos completos casualizados com quatro repetições. As variáveis peso de raízes (RW); número de raízes por planta (RN); diâmetro de raiz (RD); comprimento de raiz (RL); teor de matéria seca das raízes DMC; número de hastes por planta (SN); altura de plantas (PH); diâmetro de caule (SD); severidade de ácaros (MS); índice de colheita (HI) foram avaliadas sob condições de déficit hídrico em duas safras. Foram estimadas ainda herdabilidade no sentido amplo (h²) herdabilidade realizada ( ( h R 2 )), bem como o índice de coincidência (IC). As estimativas de acurácia variaram de 0,62 para RL a 0,86 para DMC. Foi possível identificar efeito significativo de genótipos para todos os caracteres, exceto para RW, RL e SD. Ocorreu interação genótipos x safras significativas para as variáveis SN, PH, SD e HI. As estimativas de (h²) variaram de 0,27 para RL a 0,79 para SN. As estimativas de índice de coincidência variaram de 100% a 25%. Foi observada correlação positiva entre todas as variáveis avaliadas, exceto MS, RN e SN com os demais caracteres. Os genótipos apresentaram desempenho coincidente nas duas safras para maioria das variáveis exceto para SN, PH, SD e HI. repetições RW (RW) (RN) RD (RD) (RL) DMC (SN) PH (PH) (SD) MS (MS) HI (HI h² (h² , )) IC. IC . (IC) 062 0 62 0,6 086 86 0,8 027 27 0,2 079 79 0,7 100 25% (RW (RN (RD (RL (SN (PH (SD (MS (h ) (IC 06 6 0, 08 8 02 07 7 10 1

Abstract: The aim of this study was to estimate genetic parameters and select superior mango genotypes using the mixed-models approach. The 16 genotypes, varieties and hybrid selections, were evaluated regarding physical and physical-chemical traits of the fruit using the REML/BLUP methodology. Mango fruit weight and pulp weight can be selected indirectly based on fruit length and diameter, which are more easily evaluated. The hybrids CPAC 26394, Lita, and Rosa 46 stand out in regard to fruit size. The genotypes R12P09, CPAC 2293, Roxa, Omega, Alfa, and Lita have better quality fruit than the Tommy Atkins variety that is widely used in commercial orchards. The Roxa variety has pulp with little or no fiber, a trait that is of great importance to consumers and for industrial processing. The genotypes Alfa, CPAC 5895, Ômega, R10P08, R12P09, R13P10, Rosa 2, Rosa 36, and Rosa 46 have pulp free of internal breakdown. The varieties and hybrid selections of mango show variability regarding fruit traits, and the REML/BLUP methodology is efficient for selection of genotypes with desirable fruit traits in mango. Abstract mixedmodels mixed models approach 1 physicalchemical chemical REMLBLUP REML BLUP diameter 26394 4 size R12P09 RP R P 2293 Omega Alfa orchards fiber processing 5895 Ômega R10P08 R13P10 2 36 breakdown 2639 R12P0 229 589 R10P0 R13P1 3 263 R12P 22 58 R10P R13P 26 5

Resumo: Objetivou-se estimar parâmetros genéticos e selecionar genótipos superiores de mangueira, utilizando a abordagem de modelos mistos. Os 16 genótipos, variedades e seleções híbridas, foram avaliados quanto aos caracteres físicos e físico-químicos do fruto, utilizando a metodologia REML/BLUP. A massa do fruto e a massa da polpa de mangueira podem ser selecionadas indiretamente com base no comprimento e no diâmetro do fruto, que são mais facilmente avaliados. Os híbridos CPAC 26394, Lita e Rosa 46 destacam-se quanto ao tamanho do fruto. Os genótipos R12P09, CPAC 2293, Roxa, Omega, Alfa e Lita apresentam frutos de melhorqualidade do que a variedade Tommy Atkins, bastante utilizada em pomares comerciais. Avariedade Roxa apresenta polpa com pouca ou nenhuma fibra, característica muito requisitadapor consumidores e para processamento industrial. Já os genótipos Alfa, CPAC 5895, Ômega, R10P08, R12P09, R13P10, Rosa 2, Rosa 36 e Rosa 46 apresentam polpa livre de colapso interno. Resumo Objetivouse Objetivou se mistos 1 híbridas físicoquímicos físico químicos REMLBLUP REML BLUP REML/BLUP 26394 4 destacamse destacam R12P09 RP R P 2293 Omega Atkins comerciais fibra industrial 5895 Ômega R10P08 R13P10 2 3 interno 2639 R12P0 229 589 R10P0 R13P1 263 R12P 22 58 R10P R13P 26 5

ABSTRACT Barley is an important crop for Brazil and an advantageous alternative for irrigated cultivation in the Brazilian Savanna. The present study aimed to characterize and estimate genetic, phenotypic, and environmental parameters and select genotypes from the Embrapa Cerrados irrigated barley working collection. The experiment was established in Randomized Blocks with four replications under irrigation in Embrapa Cerrados, Planaltina-DF. The traits evaluated were grain yield, commercial classification of first grains, 1000-seed weight, plant height, lodging, and cycle. The genetic parameters and correlations between the traits evaluated were obtained. High values of heritability, in a broad sense, were verified. The high coefficients of genotypic variance and the high selective accuracy obtained corroborate the favorable environmental condition for the selection of genotypes. It was verified that the genotypic correlations were higher than the phenotypic correlation coefficients, showing a greater contribution of genetic factors in the expression of the traits. Earlier genotypes had higher grain yields, first-class commercial classification, 1000-seed weight, and height. There was a strong positive correlation between the commercial classification of first grains and 1000-seed weight. Genotypes PFC 2005143, PFC 2006134, and PFC 2004212 were selected for use in crossbreeding blocks within the Brazilian irrigated barley breeding program. Savanna collection PlanaltinaDF. PlanaltinaDF Planaltina DF. DF Planaltina-DF yield 1000seed seed 1000 weight height lodging cycle heritability sense yields firstclass class 2005143 2006134 200421 program 100 200514 200613 20042 10 20051 20061 2004 1 2005 2006 200 20 2

RESUMO A cevada é uma importante cultura para o Brasil e uma vantajosa alternativa para o cultivo irrigado no Cerrado. O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar, estimar parâmetros genéticos, fenotípicos e ambientais e realizar a seleção de genótipos da coleção de trabalho de cevada irrigada da Embrapa Cerrados. O experimento foi estabelecido em Blocos casualizados com quatro repetições, sob irrigação, na Embrapa Cerrados, Planaltina-DF. As características avaliadas foram: rendimento de grãos, classificação comercial de primeira, peso de mil sementes, altura de planta, acamamento e ciclo. Foram obtidos os parâmetros genéticos e as correlações entre as características avaliadas. Foram verificados altos valores de herdabilidade, em sentido amplo. Os altos coeficientes de variância genotípica e a alta acurácia seletiva obtida corroboram a condição ambiental favorável para a seleção de genótipos. Verificou-se que as correlações genotípicas foram maiores que os coeficientes de correlação fenotípica, evidenciando uma maior contribuição dos fatores genéticos na expressão dos caracteres. Os genótipos mais precoces apresentaram maiores rendimentos de grãos, classificação comercial de primeira, peso de mil sementes e altura. Houve forte correlação positiva entre classificação comercial de primeira e peso de mil sementes. Os genótipos PFC 2005143, PFC 2006134 e PFC 2004212 foram selecionados para uso em blocos de cruzamento dentro do programa brasileiro de melhoramento de cevada irrigada. Cerrado caracterizar Cerrados repetições irrigação PlanaltinaDF. PlanaltinaDF Planaltina DF. DF Planaltina-DF grãos planta ciclo herdabilidade amplo Verificouse Verificou se fenotípica caracteres 2005143 200613 200421 200514 20061 20042 20051 2006 2004 2005 200 20 2