Abstract This study aims to analyze the protective and destructive critical processes of 34 water women in the municipalities of Cabo de Santo de Agostinho and Ipojuca, Pernambuco, Brazil, from February/21 to August/22. The work process stages were systematized by the work flowchart, and we employed Breilh’s critical processes matrix to organize the data. The destructive processes identified in the general domain were injustice and socio-environmental vulnerability, such as the economic development model, the Suape Industrial Port Complex, the 2019 oil spill crime disaster, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the difficult access to public policies; in the particular domain: overloads and extended working hours, use of rudimentary equipment and tools, and unequal gender, class, and race relationships; in the singular domain: physical and mental illnesses and deaths. The protective processes identified in the general domain were sustainable development objectives, public health, and social assistance policies; in the particular domain, group work and processing, consumption for subsistence; in the singular domain, fishing as a therapeutic, pleasurable, and sharing process. The study highlighted the central issues of the water women and the need to establish public policies targeting their care.

Resumo Objetivou-se analisar os processos críticos, protetores e destrutivos do trabalho de 34 mulheres das águas nos municípios de Cabo de Santo de Agostinho e Ipojuca (PE), de fevereiro de 2021 a agosto de 2022. As etapas do processo de trabalho foram sistematizadas pelo fluxograma do trabalho e organizadas na matriz de processos críticos de Breilh. Os processos destrutivos, no domínio geral, foram: injustiça e vulnerabilização socioambiental como modelo de desenvolvimento econômico, o Complexo Industrial Portuário de Suape, o desastre-crime de petróleo ocorrido em 2019, a pandemia de COVID-19 e dificuldade de acesso às políticas públicas; no particular: jornadas e sobrecargas de trabalho, uso de equipamentos e ferramentas rudimentares e relações desiguais de gênero, classe e raça; no singular: adoecimentos físicos, mentais e mortes. Os processos protetores, no domínio geral: os objetivos de desenvolvimento sustentável, políticas públicas de saúde e assistência social; no particular: trabalho e beneficiamento em grupo, consumo para subsistência; no singular: a pesca como processo terapêutico, prazeroso e de partilha. O estudo destacou os problemas centrais das mulheres das águas e a necessidade do estabelecimento de políticas públicas voltadas ao seu cuidado.

Resumo Objetivou-se analisar os processos críticos, protetores e destrutivos do trabalho de 34 mulheres das águas nos municípios de Cabo de Santo de Agostinho e Ipojuca (PE), de fevereiro de 2021 a agosto de 2022. As etapas do processo de trabalho foram sistematizadas pelo fluxograma do trabalho e organizadas na matriz de processos críticos de Breilh. Os processos destrutivos, no domínio geral, foram: injustiça e vulnerabilização socioambiental como modelo de desenvolvimento econômico, o Complexo Industrial Portuário de Suape, o desastre-crime de petróleo ocorrido em 2019, a pandemia de COVID-19 e dificuldade de acesso às políticas públicas; no particular: jornadas e sobrecargas de trabalho, uso de equipamentos e ferramentas rudimentares e relações desiguais de gênero, classe e raça; no singular: adoecimentos físicos, mentais e mortes. Os processos protetores, no domínio geral: os objetivos de desenvolvimento sustentável, políticas públicas de saúde e assistência social; no particular: trabalho e beneficiamento em grupo, consumo para subsistência; no singular: a pesca como processo terapêutico, prazeroso e de partilha. O estudo destacou os problemas centrais das mulheres das águas e a necessidade do estabelecimento de políticas públicas voltadas ao seu cuidado. Objetivouse Objetivou se 3 PE, PE , (PE) 202 2022 Breilh geral econômico Suape desastrecrime desastre crime 2019 COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 particular gênero raça singular físicos mortes sustentável social grupo subsistência terapêutico partilha cuidado (PE 20 201 COVID1 1 COVID- 2

Abstract This study aims to analyze the protective and destructive critical processes of 34 water women in the municipalities of Cabo de Santo de Agostinho and Ipojuca, Pernambuco, Brazil, from February/21 to August/22. The work process stages were systematized by the work flowchart, and we employed Breilh’s critical processes matrix to organize the data. The destructive processes identified in the general domain were injustice and socio-environmental vulnerability, such as the economic development model, the Suape Industrial Port Complex, the 2019 oil spill crime disaster, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the difficult access to public policies; in the particular domain: overloads and extended working hours, use of rudimentary equipment and tools, and unequal gender, class, and race relationships; in the singular domain: physical and mental illnesses and deaths. The protective processes identified in the general domain were sustainable development objectives, public health, and social assistance policies; in the particular domain, group work and processing, consumption for subsistence; in the singular domain, fishing as a therapeutic, pleasurable, and sharing process. The study highlighted the central issues of the water women and the need to establish public policies targeting their care. 3 Ipojuca Pernambuco Brazil February21 February 21 February/2 August22 August 22 August/22 flowchart Breilhs Breilh s data socioenvironmental socio environmental vulnerability model Complex 201 disaster COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 pandemic hours tools gender class relationships deaths objectives health processing subsistence therapeutic pleasurable care February2 2 February/ August2 August/2 20 COVID1 1 COVID- August/

ABSTRACT This article investigates slave owners and their human assets in a port town founded in southern Angola, Moçâmedes, in the mid-nineteenth century. It draws on an 1855 register of slave owners and their captives to better understand the inhabitants of this coastal urban landscape founded fifteen years earlier. Unlike the city imposed on the desert by light-skinned “men” painted by colonial and post-colonial observers, this was a new frontier society built with slave labor. A significant percentage of this land remained in the hands of a large number of individual owners, while the majority was held by a handful of free inhabitants. However, regardless of their owners, enslaved individuals engaged in a multitude of occupations in Moçâmedes - working in agriculture, harvesting orchella weed, performing street trades, fishing in the nearby seas -, which made Moçâmedes a “slave town”. Angola midnineteenth mid nineteenth century 185 earlier lightskinned light skinned men “men postcolonial post observers labor However agriculture weed trades , town. . town” 18 1

RESUMO Este artigo investiga proprietários de escravizados e seus bens humanos numa vila portuária fundada no sul de Angola, Moçâmedes, em meados do século XIX. Baseia-se num registro de 1855, de proprietários de escravizados e seus cativos, para compreender melhor os habitantes desta paisagem urbana costeira fundada quinze anos antes. Ao contrário da cidade imposta ao deserto por “homens” de pele clara, pintada por observadores coloniais e pós-colonialistas, esta era uma nova sociedade de fronteira construída com trabalho escravizado. Porcentagem significativa dessa terra ficou nas mãos de um grande número de proprietários individuais, enquanto a maioria foi mantida por um punhado de habitantes livres. Porém, independentemente dos seus proprietários, os indivíduos escravizados empenhavam-se numa multiplicidade de ocupações em Moçâmedes - trabalhos na agricultura, colheita de urzella, realização de ofícios de rua, pesca nos mares próximos -, o que transformou Moçâmedes numa “vila escravista”. Angola XIX Baseiase Baseia se 1855 cativos antes homens “homens clara póscolonialistas, póscolonialistas pós colonialistas, colonialistas pós-colonialistas escravizado individuais livres Porém empenhavamse empenhavam agricultura urzella rua , escravista. escravista . escravista” 185 18 1

Resumen: La expresión territorial y transformaciones en el desarrollo urbano de la ciudad de Manta en el Ecuador es una característica de la ciudad intermedia, que muestra un gran crecimiento demográfico, unido a un extraordinario consumo de suelo para usos urbanos, determinado por la vocación de puerto y ubicación estratégica. La presente investigación se direccionó en analizar las transformaciones en el desarrollo urbano de Manta, desde la ciudad colonial hasta la fragmentada. Para ello, fue necesario la aplicación de una metodología descriptiva, bajo un enfoque cualitativo a través del análisis documental en donde se identificó, revisó y clasificó de forma rigurosa la literatura especializada que permitió deducir el paso del modelo compacto y urbano polinuclear, propio de las fases iniciales de la investigación, al disperso fragmentado y sectorial; sustentado en los ejes viales principales que son utilizados de manera poco homogénea en zonas periféricas, sin una adecuada planificación de las áreas de expansión que ha inducido a un crecimiento urbano fragmentado. Entre los principales hallazgos se identificó como la dinámica económica vinculada a las actividades portuarias, fabriles y pesca de exportación, supusieron la mayor expansión de la superficie urbana consolidando un patrón de baja densidad apoyado en los nuevos ejes viarios. El resultado es una ocupación dispersa, desordenada, claramente segregada y donde las escasas políticas urbanas han alentado la inversión inmobiliaria en las zonas mejor dotadas de equipamientos, servicios y conectividad.

Abstract: The territorial expression and transformations in the urban development of the city of Manta in Ecuador is a characteristic of the intermediate city, which shows a great demographic growth, together with an extraordinary consumption of land for urban uses, determined by the vocation of port and strategic location. The present investigation was directed to analyze the transformations in the urban development of Manta, from the colonial city to the fragmented one. For this, it was necessary to apply a descriptive methodology, under a qualitative approach through documentary analysis where the specialized literature was identified, reviewed and rigorously classified, which allowed us to deduce the passage of the compact and polynuclear urban model, typical of the initial phases of the investigation, to the dispersed fragmented and sectorial; supported by the main road axes that are used in an inhomogeneous way in peripheral areas, without adequate planning of the expansion areas that has led to fragmented urban growth. Among the main findings, it was identified as the economic dynamics linked to port, manufacturing and export fishing activities, which represented the greatest expansion of the urban surface, consolidating a low-density pattern supported by the new road axes. The result is a dispersed, disorderly, clearly segregated occupation and where the few urban policies have encouraged real estate investment in the areas best equipped with facilities, services and connectivity.

Abstract The present work aims to present some geohistorical notes about the production of beach space in Northeast Brazil, based on bibliographic research. The Brazilian beach space results from different social practices, some of which emerged through the absorption of behaviors and lifestyles arising from modern westerns. The social appropriation of beaches on the coast of the Northeast took place in the mid-19th century, when local elites turned to the sea, in the context of the incorporation of the so-called "modern maritime practices" (therapeutic baths, vacations, etc.), colonizing an environment previously intended only for “traditional maritime practices” (fishing, defense, and port activity). The transformation and consumption of these spaces were based on the establishment of second homes and infrastructure aimed at the development of tourist activity. In the first part of this article, we characterize the environment and socially on the Northeastern coast, in order to demonstrate the predominance of the beach environment and its social and economic value. Then we seek to discuss the production of beach space in the Northeast, pointing out the geohistorical factors linked to its valorization. Finally, we briefly present the process of production of beach space in a large northeastern city, Recife, highlighting the historical process of appropriation and valorization of its beaches. Brazil research practices westerns mid19th midth mid 19th th century sea socalled so called therapeutic baths vacations etc., etc etc. , etc.) traditional fishing, fishing (fishing defense activity . activity) article value Finally city Recife

Resumo O espaço praiano brasileiro resulta de diferentes práticas sociais, algumas das quais surgidas mediante absorção de comportamentos e estilos de vida advindos da moderno ocidentalidade. A apropriação social das praias no litoral do Nordeste se deu em meados do século XIX, quando as elites locais se voltaram para o mar, no contexto de incorporação das chamadas “práticas marítimas modernas" (banhos terapêuticos, vilegiatura etc.), colonizando um ambiente antes destinado apenas para às “práticas marítimas tradicionais” (pesca, defesa e atividade portuária). A valorização e o consumo desses espaços foram calcados no estabelecimento de segundas residências e de infraestruturas voltadas ao desenvolvimento da atividade turística. O presente trabalho buscou apresentar alguns apontamentos teóricos a propósito da produção do espaço praiano no Nordeste do Brasil, baseando-se em pesquisa bibliográfica e geo-histórica. O artigo está dividido em três partes. Na primeira, caracteriza-se geoambiental e socialmente o litoral Nordestino, afim de demonstrar a predominância do ambiente das praias e o seu valor social e econômico. Em seguida, procura-se discorrer sobre a produção do espaço praiano no Nordeste, apontando os fatores geo-históricos ligados à sua valorização. Por fim, apresenta-se sumariamente o processo de produção do espaço praiano em uma grande cidade nordestina, o Recife, destacando o histórico processo de apropriação e valorização de suas praias. sociais ocidentalidade XIX mar modernas banhos terapêuticos etc., etc etc. , etc.) tradicionais pesca, pesca (pesca portuária. portuária . portuária) turística Brasil baseandose baseando geohistórica. geohistórica geo histórica. histórica geo-histórica partes primeira caracterizase caracteriza Nordestino econômico seguida procurase procura geohistóricos históricos fim apresentase apresenta nordestina Recife

Abstract: Background and Aims: The coastal vegetation of Mazatlán, Mexico, has been scarcely studied due to its removal, which has been caused by the intense transformation of the environment for real estate, tourism, commercial, port and fishing development. However, the Estero del Yugo micro-watershed has one of the last fragments of dry forest in the urban area, which could reveal the biodiversity that the city of Mazatlán had before urbanization. The objectives of this work were to analyze and document the information generated during 25 years in the HCIAD herbarium of the Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. (CIAD) for the Estero del Yugo micro-watershed, to describe the plant communities and to present the floristic inventory, and thus contribute to future conservation and management programs in the study area. Methods: HCIAD vascular plant records (1996-2022) were analyzed, including georeferenced field observations. The specimens were identified with the help of specialists, and by consulting bibliography and specimens on digital platforms. Key results: The vascular flora comprised 75 families, 275 genera and 393 species of angiosperms, obtained from 756 collection records and 1000 field observations. Fabaceae (57 spp.), Cyperus (12 spp.) and Bromelia pinguin (35 records) were the best represented taxa. Forty-two endemic species to Mexico, 21 regional and three species exclusive to the state of Sinaloa were recognized in addition to four new records for the state. The plant communities present in the area are tropical deciduous forest, coastal tropical scrub, mangrove, water lily, cattail and fire flag wetlands, coastal dune vegetation, halophilous vegetation and urban vegetation. A relict coastal population of Piranhea mexicana was recorded. Conclusions: The vascular flora of the Estero del Yugo micro-watershed represents 10% of the flora of Sinaloa. Because of its scenic beauty, socioecological importance, and seriously threatened plant communities in this area, it should be preserved as a municipal nature reserve.

Resumen: Antecedentes y Objetivos: La vegetación costera de Mazatlán, México, ha sido escasamente estudiada debido a su remoción, que ha sido provocada por la intensa transformación del entorno para el desarrollo inmobiliario, turístico, comercial, portuario y pesquero. Sin embargo, la microcuenca Estero del Yugo posee uno de los últimos fragmentos de selva seca en la zona urbana, que podría revelar la biodiversidad que tenía la ciudad de Mazatlán antes de la urbanización. Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron analizar y documentar la información generada durante 25 años en el herbario HCIAD del Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. (CIAD) para la microcuenca Estero del Yugo, describir las comunidades vegetales y presentar el inventario florístico, con la finalidad de contribuir a futuros programas de conservación y manejo del área de estudio. Métodos: Se analizaron los registros de plantas vasculares del HCIAD (1996-2022), incluyendo observaciones en campo georreferenciadas. Los ejemplares fueron identificados con la ayuda de especialistas, y con la consulta de bibliografía y ejemplares en plataformas digitales. Resultados clave: La flora comprendió 75 familias, 275 géneros y 393 especies de angiospermas, obtenidos de 756 registros de colecta y 1000 observaciones en campo. Fabaceae (57 spp.), Cyperus (12 spp.) y Bromelia pinguin (35 registros) fueron los taxones mejor representados. Se reconocieron 42 especies endémicas de México, 21 regionales y 3 exclusivas de Sinaloa; además, cuatro nuevos registros para el estado. Las comunidades vegetales presentes en la zona son selva baja caducifolia, matorral tropical costero, manglar, nenúfar, tular, popal, vegetación de dunas costeras, halófila y urbana. También se registró una población costera relicta de Piranhea mexicana. Conclusiones: La flora vascular de la microcuenca Estero del Yugo representa 10% de la flora de Sinaloa. Por su belleza escénica, importancia socioecológica y comunidades vegetales gravemente amenazadas en esta zona, debería conservarse como reserva natural municipal.

ABSTRACT The Santiago bay is considered the second most polluted in the country. Due to Covid-19, the productivity of the industries that surround it, and the port maritime transfer decreased. Therefore, the objective of the work is to identify the influence that the residuals of some industries had on the contamination of the bay in 2020. Eleven parameters indicative of contamination were determined, such as heavy metals, dissolved oxygen, suspended solids and turbidity. It can be ensured that the Fiber Cement, Erasol, Oil Refinery, Soy Processing, and Brewery companies are the ones that contribute the highest concentrations of pollutants to the waters of the bay and that the quality of the waters of the area studied does not meet the requirements for bathing or fishing areas according to current Cuban regulations.

RESUMEN La bahía santiaguera es considerada la segunda más contaminada del país. Debido a la Covid-19, la productividad de las industrias que la rodean, y el trasiego marítimo portuario disminuyó. Por ello, el objetivo del trabajo es identificar la influencia que tuvieron los residuales de algunas industrias en la contaminación de la bahía en el 2020. Se determinaron once parámetros indicativos de contaminación como metales pesados, oxígeno disuelto, sólidos suspendidos y turbiedad. Se puede asegurar que las empresas de Fibrocemento, ERASOL, Refinería de Petróleo, Procesadora de Soya, y Cervecería, son las que mayores concentraciones de contaminantes aportan a las aguas de la bahía y que la calidad de las aguas de la zona estudiada no cumple con los requisitos para zona de baño ni de pesca según las normas cubanas vigentes.

Abstract We assessed the angling conducted in the Santos estuarine area (southeastern Brazil) between September 2012 and November 2013. The results, based on 189 interviews conducted in 38 different fishing locations, showed that shore-based anglers were predominantly residents (78%) and spent US$23 per fishing day. However, 61% of the onboard anglers were from the São Paulo metropolitan area and spent around US$100 per fishing day, generating a potentially important economic impact. Only two of the 15 variables analyzed showed no significant differences between the anglers' categories. According to the anglers' perception the possible pressure on the fishery resources and conflicts regarding resource use and areas in the face of port and industrial activities, urbanization, lack of security, as well as the anglers' time of experience, should be considered in any management measures to be proposed.

ABSTRACT The Santiago de Cuba´s bay is considered the second most polluted in the country. In 2020, due to Covid-19, the productivity of the industries that surround it, and the maritime port traffic decreased considerably. The objective of the work is to analyze the behavior of some pollution indicators on its east coast. The following were determined as indicative parameters of contamination: heavy metals, pH, nitrite, nitrate, ammonium, phosphate, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, dissolved oxygen, suspended solids and turbidity. Suspended solids and dissolved oxygen are shown to have values above Cuban standards at the entrance to the Bay. It is concluded that the quality of the waters of the studied area does not meet the requirements as a bathing or fishing area according to current regulations.

RESUMEN Esta investigación se ejecutó en el período 2016-2018. Su objetivo fue: “Determinar las concentraciones de nitratos, fosfatos y tensoactivos en la subcuenca del rio Puyo y su correlación con otras variables y la precipitación. Se monitoreó 10 puntos en el curso principal y 18 en los afluentes. Se caracterizaron las zonas como alta, urbana y baja, se realizó un análisis de correlación entre las variables evaluadas. Los promedios mostraron mayor concentración en nitratos en los puntos: Rosario Yacu, puente del río Indulama y cabeceras del río Putuimi, fosfatos en: dique de Fátima, Bellavista baja, dique Pambay, dique las Palmas y Bellavista y en tensoactivos al dique de los Mecánicos y al puente del río Indulama. Se concluye que las concentraciones promedio, no superan los límites establecidos en la normativa.

Resumen Introducción: Mustelushigmani es una de las especies de tiburones más comúnmente capturadas en el nororiente de Venezuela; sin embargo, ha sido poco estudiada. Objetivo: Examinar la edad y crecimiento de M. higmani con base en el análisis óptico de las vértebras. Métodos: Entre agosto 2016 y julio 2017, se recolectaron muestras de vertebras en el puerto pesquero de Juan Griego, Isla de Margarita. La asignación de las edades se realizó con base en 238 ejemplares, 86 machos (24.1-59.5 cm LT) y 152 hembras (24.4-69.5 cm LT). Resultados: El análisis de RMI sugiere una periodicidad anual en la formación de los anillos de crecimiento. Las edades estuvieron comprendidas entre 0 y 5 años en los machos, y entre 0 y 6 años en las hembras. A su vez, los valores de los parámetros VBGF fueron L ¥ = 60.4 cm LT, k = 0.53 años-1 y t 0 = -1.02 años en los machos, y L ¥ = 71.1 cm LT, k = 0.38 años-1 y t 0 = -1.17 años en las hembras. Las edades medias de madurez y las longevidades resultaron respectivamente en 2.6 y 6.6 años para los machos, y en 2.1 y 9.0 años para las hembras. Conclusiones: En general los resultados indican que M. higmani presenta un crecimiento rápido, madurez temprana, corta longevidad y ciclo reproductivo anual, caracterizándola como una especie productiva desde el punto de vista biológico.

Abstract Introduction: Mustelus higmani is one of the shark species most commonly caught in the Northeastern region of Venezuela; however, this species has been poorly studied. Objective: To evaluate the age and growth of M. higmani on the basis of the optical analysis of vertebrae. Methods: Between August 2016 and July 2017, the vertebral samples were collected in the fishing port of Juan Griego, Margarita Island. The growth study was based on a sample of 238 individuals, 86 males (24.1-59.5 cm TL) and 152 females (24.4-69.5 cm TL) and the use of VBGF modeling approach. Results: The RMI analysis suggested an annual periodicity for the deposition of growth rings. Ages assigned varied between 0 and 5 years in males, and between 0 and 6 years in females. The estimates of VBGF parameters were L ¥ = 60.4 cm TL, k = 0.53 years-1 and t 0 = -1.02 years in males; and L ¥ = 71.1 cm TL, k = 0.38 years-1 and t 0 = -1.17 years in females. The ages at maturity and longevities resulted respectively in 2.6 and 6.6 years for males; and in 2.1 and 9.0 years for females. Conclusions: In general, results indicate that M. higmani has a rapid growth, early maturity, short longevity, and annual reproductive cycle, characterizing it as a biologically productive species.

Abstract: The Argentine economy after 1930 has been the object of an extensive and rich historiographical production. We refer to it to configure the historical period and articulate it with the national industrial fishing development. The objective of the present work is to analyze the transformations that the fishing industry suffered in Argentina through three moments of the industrial process directed by the State. The first was of improvisations forced by the depression that followed the crisis of the years 1930. The second one, which began with the World War II, had a politics of State towards the home market, but it was crossed by an international unexpected demand of a species, the shark, and his components of vitamins and the arrival to the country of Belgian immigrants with new technologies for the fishing open sea. In the third, this form of fishing began to become hegemonic linked to a species, hake and essentially to the foreign market. In all cases, the port of Mar del Plata was, in the southeast of the province of Buenos Aires, the main concentrator of the extractive Argentine fishing activity and its processing for commercialization.

Resumen: La economía argentina posterior a 1930 ha sido objeto de una extensa y rica producción historiográfica. A ella nos remitimos para configurar el período histórico y articularlo con el desarrollo industrial pesquero nacional. El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar las transformaciones que sufrió la industria pesquera argentina a través de tres momentos del proceso de industrialización dirigida por el Estado. La primera fue de improvisaciones obligadas por la depresión que siguió a la crisis de los años treinta. La segunda, que se inició con la Segunda Guerra Mundial, tuvo como componente una política de Estado hacia el mercado interior, caracterizada por una demanda internacional inesperada de una especie, el tiburón, y sus componentes vitamínicos, más la llegada al país de inmigrantes belgas con nuevas tecnologías para la pesca de ultramar. En la tercera, esta forma de pesca comenzó a hacerse hegemónica vinculada a una especie, la merluza, y esencialmente al mercado exterior. En todos los casos el puerto de Mar del Plata fue, en el sudeste de la provincia de Buenos Aires, el vértice concentrador mayoritario de la actividad pesquera argentina extractiva y de su procesamiento para la comercialización.

Abstract The article analyzes the territorial disputes around the coast between fishermen, urbanism and the new Aquarium of Paraná in Rosario, Argentina. It addresses the inclusion processes of artisanal fishermen in the public space, the scientific, pedagogical and recreational device of the Aquarium of Paraná. This project contemplated the construction of a Fishermen's Port for the integration of the fishing territory into the riverside space of the Aquarium Park. After reviewing the interventions of urban planning in the revitalization process of the Rosario’s waterfront, considering with particular interest the deterritorialization of fishermen, the analysis focuses on the differences, disagreements and disputes generated around these constructions. The case under study is one of the few freshwater aquariums in Argentina, whose project proposes the integration the fishermen’s work and knowledge. The methodology used has been fundamentally qualitative and guided by an ethnographic exploration, which included participant observation and interviews with different agents and groups involved. The study shows the different ways of thinking about the relationship between the coast and the river of fishermen, urban planners and agents dedicated to the recreational practice. It also proposes the integration of the native territorial knowledge of fishermen in the design of new fishing spaces.

Resumen El artículo analiza las disputas territoriales alrededor de la costa entre los pescadores, el urbanismo y el nuevo Acuario del Paraná, en Rosario, Argentina. Asimismo, aborda los procesos de inclusión de los pescadores artesanales en el espacio público, el dispositivo científico, pedagógico y recreativo del Acuario del Paraná. Este proyecto contemplaba la construcción de un Puerto de Pescadores para la integración del territorio pesquero al espacio ribereño del Parque del Acuario. Luego de repasar las intervenciones de la planificación urbana en el proceso de reordenamiento de la franja costera, considerando con particular interés el proceso de desterritorialización de los pescadores, el análisis se enfoca sobre las diferencias, los desacuerdos y las disputas generados alrededor de esas construcciones. El caso bajo estudio es el de uno de los pocos acuarios de agua dulce en la Argentina, cuyo proyecto se propone la integración tanto del trabajo como de los saberes de los pescadores artesanales de la zona. La metodología utilizada ha sido fundamentalmente cualitativa y guiada por una exploración etnográfica, que incluyó observación participante y entrevistas a distintos agentes y grupos involucrados. El estudio muestra las diversas formas de concebir la relación costa-río de los pescadores, urbanistas y los agentes dedicados a las actividades recreativas. Asimismo, propone la integración del conocimiento territorial de los pescadores artesanales para el diseño de nuevos espacios pesqueros.

RESUMEN Objetivo. Identificar nematodos de la familia Anisakidae en el pez de consumo Mugil curema. Materiales y métodos. Para este estudio, se recolectaron 16 peces Lisa (M. curema) del puerto de Tumaco, una ciudad en la costa colombiana del Pacífico. La identificación morfológica de las larvas se realizó mediante taxonomía clásica y se calculó el porcentaje de infestación de larvas. Para la identificación molecular, se realizó una PCR múltiple con cebadores para las especies Anisakis physeteris, Pseudoterranova decipiens, Anisakis simplex sensu stricto, Contracaecum osculatum, Hysterothylacium aduncum y Anisakis pegreffii. Resultados. La revisión taxonómica permitió la identificación de larvas de tipo II del género Anisakis y larvas del género Pseudoterranova. Las larvas se aislaron principalmente del intestino, donde se encontró que el 94% de los peces estaban parasitados por nematodos anisakidos. La PCR multiplex permitió la identificación de la especie A. physeteris (Larva tipo II) y P. decipiens. Conclusiones. Este estudio es el primer reporte de nematodo Anisakidae en Tumaco, Colombia. Estos resultados proporcionan una justificación convincente para un estudio adicional sobre la familia Anisakidae en Colombia, como un problema de salud pública.

ABSTRACT Objective: Identification nematodes Anisakidae family in Mugil curema fish. Materials and methods: For this study, 16 Lisa fish (Mugil curema) were obtained from the port of Tumaco, a city on the Colombian Pacific coast. Morphological identification of larvae was made by classical taxonomy and the percentage of larval infestation was calculated. For molecular identification, a multiplex PCR was carried out with primers for six species, Anisakis physeteris, Pseudoterranova decipiens, Anisakis simplex sensu stricto, Contracaecum osculatum, Hysterothylacium aduncum and Anisakis pegreffii. Results: The taxonomic revision enabled the identification of type II larvae of the genus Anisakis and larvae of the genus Pseudoterranova. The larvae were isolated mainly from the intestine, where it was found that 94% of the fish were parasitized by anisakid nematodes. The multiplex PCR enabled the identification of the species A. physeteris (Larva type II), and P. decipiens. Conclusions: This study is the first report of nematode Anisakidae on Tumaco, Colombia. These results provide a compelling justification for further study into the Anisakidae family in Colombia, as a public health problem.

ABSTRACT Huanchaco is the main spa in Trujillo that has ancestral fishing in “Caballito de Totora” as its main tourist attraction. In the last four decades, Huanchaco has been negatively impacted by the coastal erosion that destroys the beaches of Las Delicias and Buenos Aires, the origin of which lies in the construction and expansion of a protection structure for the Port of Salaverry called the sand retaining mill. This research provides information on the variation of the coastline as a threat to ancestral fishing, referring to the loss or retreat of the coastline, modification of the ecosystem of wetlands or "reeds" and of the ecosystem of species of soft or sandy bottoms. Supported in qualitative methodology, techniques such as observation and comparison of information with resources such as the use of Google Earth and comparison of annual figures are used, analyzing the trend of variation in the coastline in the years 1969, 2003 and 2019. The results indicate that 96.2 meters of coastline has been retraced, which means loss of a large sector of the wetland ecosystem or "reeds" modifying the habitat of coastal species, impacting ancestral fishing.

RESUMEN Huanchaco es el principal balneario de Trujillo que tiene como principal atractivo turístico la pesca ancestral en “Caballito de Totora”. En las últimas cuatro décadas Huanchaco viene siendo impactado negativamente por la erosion costera que destruye las playas de Las Delicias y Buenos Aires cuyo origen se encuentra en la construcción y ampliación de una estructura de protección para el Puerto de Salaverry denominada molón retenedor de arena. Esta investigación aporta información de la variación de la línea de costa como amenaza a la pesca ancestral, referida a la pérdida o retroceso de la línea de costa, modificación del ecosistema de humedales o “totorales” y del ecosistema de especies de fondos blandos o arenosos. Apoyados en metodología cualitativa se emplean técnicas como la observación y la comparación de información con recursos como el uso del Google Earth y la comparación de cifras anuales analizándose la tendencia de variación en la linea de costa en los años 1969, 2003 y 2019. Los resultados indican que se ha retrocedido 96.2 metros de línea de costa lo que significa pérdida de un gran sector del ecosistema de humedales o “totorales” modificando el habitad de especies litorales, impactando en la pesca ancestral.

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to conduct the sanitary characterization of the fishing marketing chain and identify the points of microbiological contamination from landing to sale, in the port of Pucallpa, Ucayali, Peru. Artisanal fishing ends with the landing of wooden boats with motor. The fish are washed in the river water, as well as plastic material and tubs within 150 m of the riverbank. The fish are transferred covered with crushed ice, plastic layers and rice husk. The facilities for sale are made of wood. There are no programs to disinfect or sanitize the area and solid waste is disposed of in a nearby sector. Work clothing is not used by fishermen, but some primary marketers use it. The physicochemical parameters of the water samples were within the normal ranges, but the presence of coliforms, E. coli and Pseudomona sp at high levels was detected. In fish, mesophiles were above the Maximum Permissible Limit (MPL) in catfish meat (Siluriforme spp); E. coli was at low levels in the meat of the three species evaluated (black prochilodus [Prochilodus nigricans], silver mylossoma [Mylossoma duriventre] and catfish); Staphylococcus aureus was present at low levels, but above the MPL in catfish, and Salmonella sp, Vibrio cholerae and V. parahemolyticus were absent. In facilities, furniture and hands of the fihermen was found E. coli and high counts of coliforms. The results show an artisanal management with poor biosecurity in the fishing marketing chain and a moderate microbiological contamination, both in facilities, in fishermen and in fish.

RESUMEN El objetivo del estudio fue caracterizar sanitariamente la cadena de comercialización pesquera e identificar los puntos de contaminación microbiológica desde el desembarque hasta la venta, en el puerto de Pucallpa, Ucayali, Perú. La pesca artesanal finaliza con el desembarque de botes de madera con motor. Los pescados son lavados en el agua del río, así como el material plástico y tinas dentro de los 150 m de la ribera. Los pescados son trasladados cubiertos con hielo picado, capas de plástico y cascarilla de arroz. Las instalaciones para la venta son de madera. No hay programas de desinfección ni sanitización del área y los residuos sólidos son eliminados en un sector aledaño. La indumentaria de trabajo no es utilizada por los manipuladores del pescado, pero lo usan algunos comercializadores primarios. Los parámetros fisicoquímicos de las muestras de agua estaban dentro de los rangos normales, pero se detectó la presencia de coliformes, E. coli y Pseudomona sp en niveles elevados. En los pescados, los mesófilos estuvieron por encima al Límite Máximo permisible (LMP) en carne de bagre (Siluriforme spp); E. coli estuvo en bajos niveles en la carne de las tres especies evaluadas (boquichico [Prochilodus nigricans], palometa [Mylossoma duriventre] y bagre); Staphylococcus aureus estuvo presente en niveles bajos, pero por encima del LMP en bagres; Salmonella sp, Vibrio cholerae y V. parahemolyticus estuvieron ausentes. En instalaciones, mobiliarios y manos de los manipuladores se encontró E. coli y recuentos elevados de coliformes. Los resultados muestran un manejo artesanal con una bioseguridad deficiente en la cadena de comercialización pesquera y una contaminación microbiológica moderada, tanto en instalaciones y manipuladores como en los pescados.