RESUMO: A produção de manga (Mangifera indica) está se expandindo em muitos países e seus resíduos tem o potencial de ser usado para a fabricação de dietas para peixes. Este estudo avaliou a substituição parcial de fubá de milho por farinha de manga (FM) em dietas para piava (Megaleporinus obtusidens) em termos de performance zootécnica, glicose do plasma, enzimas intestinais e análise microbiológica. Piavas (n = 160) foram distribuídas em um esquema completamente randomizado (quatro tratamentos e quatro repetições) e alimentadas por 45 dias com dietas contendo diferentes níveis de inclusão de FM (0, 33, 66 e 100%). Não houve nenhuma contaminação microbiológica (bolor, coliformes totais, Bacillus cereus e Salmonella sp.) na FM. Os fenóis totais e taninos totais foram maiores na dieta com FM (P < 0.05). Dietas com 100% de fubá de milho substituído por MM reduziu a performance de crescimento e aumento a taxa de conversão alimentar (TCA) e os níveis de glicose nos peixes (P < 0.05). De acordo com a análise de regressão de segunda ordem, o nível ideal de inclusão de FM na dieta estimado com base no ganho de peso e o TCA foi de 23,68 e 19,75%, respectivamente (P < 0.05). O aumento gradual dos níveis de FM substituindo fubá de milho na dieta reduziu a atividade das enzimas intestinais amilase, lipase e protease alcalina (P < 0.05). Em conclusão, recomendamos a substituição de 19,75-23,68% de fubá de milho por FM, que pode ser usada nas dietas de piava. RESUMO Mangifera indica (FM Megaleporinus obtusidens zootécnica plasma n 160 repetições 4 0, 0 (0 33 6 100%. 100 . 100%) bolor, bolor (bolor sp. sp P 0.05. 005 0.05 05 0.05) (TCA ordem 2368 23 68 23,6 1975 19 75 19,75% amilase conclusão 19,7523,68% 19752368 19,75 23,68% 19,75-23,68 16 ( 3 10 00 0.0 236 2 23, 197 1 7 7523 19,7523,68 1975236 19,7 19,75-23,6 0. 752 19,7523,6 197523 19, 19,75-23, 19,7523, 19752 19,75-23 19,7523 19,75-2 19,752 19,75-

ABSTRACT: Mango (Mangifera indica) production is expanding in many countries, and its discarded residues have the potential to be used in the manufacture of fish diets. This study evaluated replacing part of the corn meal (CM) with mango meal (MM) in diets for piava (Megaleporinus obtusidens) in terms of zootechnical performance, plasma glucose, and intestinal enzymes. Piavas (n = 160) were distributed in a completely randomized design (four treatments and four replications) and were fed for 45 days with diets containing different levels of MM inclusion (0, 33, 66, and 100%). There was no microbiological contamination (mold, total coliforms, Bacillus cereus, and Salmonellasp.) in MM. The MM diet had higher total phenols and total tannins (P < 0.05). Diets with 100% of the CM replaced by MM reduced the growth performance and increased the feed conversion ratio (FCR) and plasma glucose levels in piava (P < 0.05). According to the second-order regression analysis, the optimal level of MM inclusion in the diet estimated based on weight gain and FCR was 23.68 and 19.75%, respectively (P < 0.05). The gradual increase in MM levels replacing CM in the diet reduced the activity of the intestinal enzymes amylase, lipase, and alkaline protease (P < 0.05). In conclusion, we recommended replacing 19.75-23.68% of CM with MM, which can be used in piava diets. ABSTRACT Mangifera indica countries (CM (MM Megaleporinus obtusidens n 160 replications 4 0, 0 (0 33 66 100%. 100 . 100%) mold, mold (mold coliforms cereus Salmonellasp. Salmonellasp P 0.05. 005 0.05 05 0.05) (FCR secondorder second order analysis 2368 23 68 23.6 1975 19 75 19.75% amylase lipase conclusion 19.7523.68% 19752368 19.75 23.68% 19.75-23.68 16 ( 3 6 10 00 0.0 236 2 23. 197 1 7 7523 19.7523.68 1975236 19.7 19.75-23.6 0. 752 19.7523.6 197523 19. 19.75-23. 19.7523. 19752 19.75-23 19.7523 19.75-2 19.752 19.75-

ABSTRACT. Due to its beneficial biological properties, chitosan extracted from crustacean byproducts emerges as a viable strategy to mitigate the anti-nutritional factors in vegetable-based diets for juvenile white snook (Centropomus viridis). The growth, survival, and nutritional efficiency of juvenile white snook-fed diets containing chitosan were evaluated. Chitosan was extracted chemically and enzymatically from shrimp byproducts (exoskeletons and heads). It was then included in a soybean meal-based diet (48% protein and 19% kJ g-1 gross energy) at 0, 0.5, and 1.0% chitosan levels (D-Control, CHI-0.5%, and CHI-1.0%). Juvenile snook (initial weight: 44.5 ± 4.2 g) were randomly distributed into 300 L tanks and fed the experimental diets three times daily for 45 days. Fish fed the CHI-0.5% and CHI-1.0% diets were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in growth rates than the D-Control diet. No significant differences in survival were observed. The FCR of the CHI-0.5% and CHI-1.0% diets were lower when compared to the D-Control (P < 0.05). The results suggest the utilization of chitosan in diets with high soybean meal content for snook to obtain better growth and survival.

ABSTRACT The effect of a partial substitute of fish meal by biofloc meal on the growth and survival of fry Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus was evaluated over nine weeks. Two biofloc meals were obtained by drying them in two processes: A) sun exposure and B) convection oven. A randomized design of eight isonitrogenous (40%) and isoenergetic (17 kJ g-1) diets was used, where 5, 10, 15, and 20% of the fish meal was substituted for the two biofloc meals. The nutritional study was conducted in a recirculating aquaculture system with Nile tilapia fry (initial weight: 0.64 ± 0.16 g). The survival range was similar in all treatments and higher than 97%. Tilapia fed with the treatments A5, A10, B5, and B10 of substitution of biofloc meal showed similar and significantly better final weight, individual weight gain, specific growth rate, and condition factor than A15, A20, B15, and B20 treatments; as well as efficiency of use of the feed: protein efficiency ratio, carcass nitrogen deposition, apparent nitrogen utilization, and apparent digestibility. Therefore, these results suggest that biofloc meal is possible in diets for tilapia, thus reducing the need for fishmeal as the main source of protein in the diet.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the use of microalgae meal (Aurantiochytrium sp. and Nannochloropsis spp.) as a substitute for fish oil in the diet of shrimp Penaeus vannamei reared in a clear water system. In the diet of these animals, the concentration of fish oil decreased as microalgae meal was inserted, and these were used in five different substitutions: 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%. The treatments were carried out in triplicate, and after 49 days of cultivation, the zootechnical parameters and the composition of fatty acids in the animals’ muscles were analyzed. In zootechnical performance, the shrimp obtained an average final weight of 16.59 ± 0.3 g, and the growth was approximately 1.89 ± 0.30 g week−1. In addition, feed conversion was, on average, 1.47 ± 0.28, and survival was greater than 97%. However, no significant difference was observed in these parameters. Regardless of the levels of fish oil replacement by microalgae meal, the composition of fatty acids in the shrimp muscle was ensured, as well as their quantity within groups, such as n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Thus, with the results obtained in the present study, it is suggested that it is possible to formulate a high-performance diet without any ingredients of marine origin (fish oil or fish meal), contributing to aquaculture's sustainability.

Resumen 16. El crecimiento de la industria acuícola ha sido impulsado por la creciente demanda global de alimentos y la preocupación por la sobreexplotación de recursos naturales y el impacto ambiental. Para abordar estos desafíos, la acuicultura ha buscado alternativas sostenibles e innovadoras. En este contexto, la inclusión de insectos, como la Mosca Soldado Negra (Hermetia illucens), en la dieta de peces y crustáceos surge como una solución prometedora debido a su alto contenido de proteínas, lípidos y minerales. Este artículo de revisión analiza el papel de la harina de larvas de Mosca Soldado Negra en la acuicultura. Examina los beneficios económicos, nutricionales y ambientales de la harina en la dieta de los animales acuáticos, así como los resultados de investigaciones recientes sobre dosificación adecuada, calidad de crecimiento, salud intestinal y disponibilidad de nutrientes en diversas especies acuícolas. Se enfatiza que la harina de larvas de la Mosca Soldado Negra ofrece beneficios nutricionales comparables a la harina de pescado, siendo una fuente rica en proteínas y lípidos, y su inclusión en la dieta de especies acuáticas como peces y crustáceos ha demostrado mejoras en el crecimiento, la salud intestinal y la calidad de los productos finales. A pesar de estas ventajas, se señala que la sustitución completa de la harina de pescado por la harina de insectos no es la solución definitiva, ya que pueden surgir desafíos relacionados con la regulación, la crianza masiva de insectos y la composición de nutrientes. Sin embargo, la harina de larvas de Mosca Soldado Negra se destaca como una alternativa valiosa para diversificar y mejorar la sostenibilidad de la alimentación en la industria acuícola, contribuyendo a la seguridad alimentaria y al cuidado del medio ambiente.

Abstract 20. The growth of the aquaculture industry has been driven by the increasing global demand for food and concerns about the overexploitation of natural resources and environmental impact. To address these challenges, aquaculture has sought sustainable and innovative alternatives. In this context, the inclusion of insects, such as the Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens), in the diet of fish and crustaceans emerges as a promising solution due to their high protein, lipid, and mineral content. This review article discusses the role of Soldier Fly meal in aquaculture. It examines the economic, nutritional, and environmental benefits of meal in aquatic animal diets, as well as recent research results on proper dosage, growth quality, gut health, and nutrient availability in various aquaculture species. It is emphasized that Black Soldier Fly meal offers nutritional benefits comparable to fish meal, being a rich source of protein and lipids, and its inclusion in the diet of aquatic species such as fish and crustaceans has shown improvements in growth, health intestine and the quality of the final products. Despite these advantages, it is noted that complete replacement of fishmeal with insect meal is not the ultimate solution, as challenges related to regulation, mass insect rearing, and nutrient composition may arise. However, Black Soldier Fly meal stands out as a valuable alternative to diversify and improve feed sustainability in the aquaculture industry, contributing to food safety and care for the environment.

Abstract This study was conducted to determine the best combination of protein sources in diets for jundiá, based on growth, metabolism, and nutrient deposition. Five protein combinations were tested: casein + fish meal (control), casein + gelatin, casein + albumin, casein + albumin + fish meal, and albumin + fish meal, in diets containing 370 g Kg-1 of crude protein and 13.4 MJ Kg-1 of digestible energy. The fish (9.38 ± 0.12 g) were allocated in a water recirculation system at a density of 3.35 g L-1 per experimental unit and fed until apparent satiety for 40 days with the diets. The fish fed with the control diet had the highest final weight, specific growth rate, protein and feed efficiency ratio, protein retention, and best apparent feed conversion. On the other hand, fish that received casein + albumin and albumin + fish meal diets showed worse results in growth and body protein retention, low trypsin and chymotrypsin activity, and high intestinal amylase activity. Therefore, the combination referred to as control (casein + fish meal) conclusively provides the best rhythm for nutrient digestion and metabolism processes, enabling fish to reach greater growth and retention of body protein with low whole-fish fat content. jundiá deposition tested control, , (control) gelatin 37 Kg1 Kg 1 Kg- 134 13 4 13. energy 9.38 938 9 38 (9.3 012 0 12 0.1 335 3 35 3.3 L1 L L- weight rate ratio conversion hand activity Therefore processes wholefish whole content (control 9.3 93 (9. 01 0. 33 3. 9. (9 (

ABSTRACT. This study aims to increase the utilization of banana peels, a local agricultural by-product, by improving nutrient value and partially reducing the presence of anti-nutritional factors (ANFs) as an alternative ingredient in fish feed. The feasibility of molasses-fermented banana peels (MFBP) as a protein source in a practical diet for hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) fries was investigated. Five isonitrogenous experimental diets containing 0 (control), 25, 50, 75, and 100% substitution levels of fish meal by MFBP were formulated. Twenty tilapia fries per group with three replicates were fed for eight weeks. The growth performance and feed efficiency values of fish were recorded and evaluated. Fish fed with 0, 25, and 50% MFBP levels showed significantly higher growth parameters, survival rate, and feed utilization efficiency than those fed with 75 and 100% MFBP levels. Although the control diet produced better growth performance and feed utilization efficiency than MFBP-based diets there was no significant difference between fish fed with the control diet and the low MFBP levels (0-50%) diet. Based on the present findings, it could be concluded that the molasses-fermented banana peels (MFBP) could efficiently replace the fishmeal by up to 50% without affecting the growth performance of red tilapia. ABSTRACT byproduct, byproduct product, product by-product antinutritional anti nutritional ANFs (ANFs molassesfermented molasses fermented (MFBP Oreochromis spp. spp investigated control, , (control) 25 50 100 formulated weeks evaluated parameters rate 7 MFBPbased based 050% 050 (0-50% findings (control 2 5 10 05 (0-50 1 (0-5 (0- (0 (

ABSTRACT. The aim of this study was to evaluate the inclusion of different levels of soybean meal in pirarucu’s diet. 200 pirarucu juveniles (152.15 ± 0.8 g) were distributed in 20 polyethylene tanks with a continuous water flow system. A completely randomized experimental design was used, with five treatments (n = 4) containing 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40% of soybean meal inclusion levels. Growth performance was measured as specific growth rate, feed conversion, weight gain and survival. Body composition, protein retention rate and histopathological changes in the intestine were analyzed. The different treatments did not affect weight gain, specific growth rate and survival. The body composition of the fish was affected by treatments for ash and ether extract and the IHS was also affected. The diet with 40% soybean meal compromised feed conversion rate. Additionally, the distal intestine of fish fed with the same diet showed a reduction in the height of mucosal folds and a loss of supranuclear vacuolation in enterocytes. Based on these results, the inclusion of up to 30% of soybean meal in the diet of juvenile pirarucu is possible without negative effects on performance and enteric morphology. ABSTRACT pirarucus s 152.15 15215 152 15 (152.1 08 0 8 0. g 2 system used n 4 10 3 40 survival analyzed Additionally enterocytes results morphology 152.1 1521 1 (152. 152. (152 (15 (1 (

ABSTRACT. A study was conducted to assess the impact of partially replacing fish meal and fish oil with fish meal oil and residue in diets for pacamã fry (Lophiosilurus alexandri). Eight diets were formulated to be isoproteic and isoenergetic, varying with four levels of fish meal substitution by fish residue meal (0, 10, 20, and 30%), and utilizing two oil sources (fish and fish residue), resulting in a factorial design of 4x2 with three repetitions per treatment. In the first experiment, 192 pacamã fry weighing 12 g ± 2.02 live weight were used, distributed in 24 fiberglass boxes with a capacity of 80 liters of water in a recirculation system. The animals were fed the experimental diets for 60 days and at the end the performance indices and the bromatological composition and fatty acid profile of the carcasses were evaluated. In the second experiment, 8 fish were used per treatment, placed in the same experimental boxes. The fish were fed the same diets, added with chromium oxide as a marker, and underwent 3 periods of feces collection in order to determine the digestibility of the diets. At the end of the experiments, feed and carcass samples were processed and analyzed in the laboratory It was found that fish meal flour can substitute fish meal in pacamã fry diets by up to 30% without compromising performance or carcass characteristics. Furthermore, fish waste oil can completely replace fish oil in pacamã diets. ABSTRACT Lophiosilurus alexandri. alexandri . alexandri) isoenergetic 0, 0 (0 10 20 30%, 30 , 30%) residue, residue) x 4x treatment experiment 19 1 202 2 02 2.0 system 6 evaluated marker experiments characteristics Furthermore ( 2.

Abstract This study evaluated the digestibility of whole mango (Mangifera indica) meal (WMM) and determined the growth performance, intestinal enzyme activity, and metabolic and hematologic responses of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) juveniles fed diets containing different proportions of corn meal (CM) substitution by WMM. Fish fed with graded levels of WMM (0 (control), 80, 160, 240, and 320 g kg diet-1), replacing part of the dietary CM. The apparent digestibility coefficients of WMM were above 96%. Diets with WMM did not affect growth performance or intestinal enzyme activity. However, they showed a positive linear effect on plasma glucose, amino acids, and albumin levels and a negative linear effect on hepatic aspartate aminotransferase activity and hepatic glycogen, plasma cholesterol, and hemoglobin levels. Increased erythrocyte values and decreased plasma triglyceride levels were verified in fish fed 80 and 160 g WMM kg diet-1. In conclusion, the WMM may be a viable alternative to the tambaqui juveniles’ diet, and WMM could replace up to 16% of CM without harming the growth and health of tambaqui juveniles. Mangifera indica (WMM Colossoma macropomum (CM 0 ( control, control , (control) 240 32 diet1, diet1 diet 1 diet-1) 96 96% However glucose acids glycogen cholesterol 8 16 diet1. 1. diet-1 conclusion (control 24 3 9 diet- 2

Resumo O cálcio (Ca) é um mineral essencial para a formação da casca do ovo e a contração muscular. Sua falta pode resultar em má qualidade do ovo e diminuição da produção de ovos em patas poedeiras. Este estudo tem como objetivo verificar como a adição do mineral Ca em uma ração contendo farinha de cabeça de camarão e cabeça de peixe Bilis afeta o desempenho de postura e a qualidade dos ovos para incubação em patos Mojosari. Um total de 105 patos Mojosari fêmeas e 15 machos, com idade de 78 semanas, foram criados durante três meses e divididos aleatoriamente em 15 bandos (cada bando contendo sete fêmeas e um pato macho). Foram realizados três tipos de tratamento: P0 (controle, sem mineral), P1 (proporção de farinha de cabeça de camarão e cabeça de peixe Bilis 2:1 + 1% mineral) e P2 (relação farinha de cabeça de camarão e cabeça de peixe Bilis 1:2 + 1% mineral). Os resultados revelaram que a adição do mineral Ca à ração, incluindo farinha de cabeça de camarão e cabeça de peixe Bilis, não teve influência significativa (p>0,05) sobre o desempenho de poedeiras em termos de consumo de ração, produção de ovos, peso dos ovos, qualidade dos ovos, patinhos produzidos e renda sobre o custo da ração (IOFC). Além disso, a adição de Ca na ração não resultou em aumentos substanciais (p>0,05) em fertilidade e eclodibilidade, ou características de tamanho dos ovos. Com base nos resultados deste estudo, a alimentação com farinha de cabeça de camarão e cabeça de peixe Bilis pode ser usada como uma formulação alternativa de ração livre de cálcio. (Ca muscular 10 1 machos 7 semanas cada macho. macho . macho) tratamento P controle, controle (controle mineral, , proporção 21 2 2: relação 12 1: mineral. p>0,05 p005 p 0 05 (p>0,05 IOFC. IOFC (IOFC) disso eclodibilidade p>0,0 p00 (p>0,0 (IOFC p>0, p0 (p>0, p>0 (p>0 p> (p> (p

Abstract Calcium (Ca) is an essential mineral for eggshell formation and muscle contraction, and a lack of it can result in poor egg quality and decreased egg output in laying ducks. This study aims to see how feeding the mineral Ca in a ration containing Shrimp head meal and Bilis fish head affects the laying performance and quality of hatching eggs in Mojosari ducks. A total of 105 female and 15 male Mojosari ducks, aged 78 weeks, were raised for three months and randomly divided into 15 flocks (each flock containing seven females and one male duck). There were three kinds of treatment, namely P0 (control, without mineral), P1 (ratio of Shrimp head meal and Bilis fish head 2:1 + 1% mineral), and P2 ((ratio of Shrimp head meal and Bilis fish head 1:2 + 1% mineral). The findings revealed that adding mineral Ca to feed, including Shrimp head meal and Bilis fish head, had no significant influence (P>0.05) on laying Mojosari duck performance in terms of feed intake, egg production, egg weight, egg quality, ducklings produced, and income over feed cost (IOFC). Furthermore, Ca addition in the ration did not result in substantial increases (P>0.05) in fertility, hatchability, or egg size characteristics. Based on the findings of this study, feeding ducks with shrimp head meal and Bilis fish head can be used as an alternate calcium-free feed formulation. (Ca contraction 10 1 7 weeks each duck. . duck) treatment P control, control (control mineral, , mineral) ratio 21 2 2: 12 1: mineral. P>0.05 P005 0 05 (P>0.05 intake production weight produced IOFC. IOFC (IOFC) Furthermore fertility hatchability characteristics calciumfree calcium free formulation P>0.0 P00 (P>0.0 (IOFC P>0. (P>0. P>0 (P>0 P> (P> (P

Abstract Microplastics (MPs) are emerging pollutants that may affect the aquatic life, including fish, raised in aquaculture. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of biodegradable-MPs mixed in canola meal based diet on the growth performance, body composition, nutrient digestibility and gut content of grass carp fingerlings. For this purpose, six canola meal based diets were prepared including one control diet (without addition of MPs) and five other diets containing 1%, 3%, 5%, 7% and 9% MPs. 270 fingerlings were fed twice for 60 days at a rate of 5% of their wet weight. Effect of each treatment on the weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR), nutrient digestibility, gut performance and body composition was calculated by standard procedures. Highest value for growth, nutrient digestibility and no damage to gut was observed in fish fed control diet. Results showed that there was significant decrease (P<0.05) in growth and increase in FCR in fish fed 9% biodegradable-MPs added diet. Nutrient digestibility and body composition of grass carp was highly affected by microplastics. Microplastics also caused severe damage to gut of fish including, tissue damage, vacuolization and necrosis of enterocytes. MPs (MPs life aquaculture biodegradableMPs biodegradable without 1 1% 3 3% 5 7 9 27 6 gain FCR, , (FCR) procedures P<0.05 P005 P 0 05 (P<0.05 microplastics enterocytes 2 (FCR P<0.0 P00 (P<0.0 P<0. P0 (P<0. P<0 (P<0 P< (P< (P

Abstract Taurine is considered a conditionally essential amino acid for fish, so its supplementation may improve feed conversion. This study evaluated the supplementation of taurine on growth performance, hematological and immunological parameters, production costs, and survival of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) juveniles raised in a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS). A control diet was formulated with 360 g kg-1 of crude protein without fish meal and without taurine supplementation (Control). From the control diet, another diet supplemented with 9.7 g of taurine per kg of feed (Taurine) was produced. Fish fed diet supplemented with taurine had lower daily average weight gain and final average weight compared to the control diet (p < 0.05). It was observed that taurine had no influence on condition factor, survival, or hemato-immunological parameters of Nile tilapia juveniles, but there was a higher mean corpuscular volume and greater nitrogen retention in fish from the control group (p < 0.05). It is concluded that Nile tilapia juveniles do not benefit from taurine supplementation in RAS, even when fed diet containing plant-based protein sources. conversion performance costs Oreochromis niloticus RAS. RAS . (RAS) 36 kg1 1 kg- Control. Control (Control) 97 9 7 9. (Taurine produced p 0.05. 005 0.05 0 05 0.05) factor hematoimmunological hemato plantbased plant based sources (RAS 3 (Control 00 0.0 0.

RESUMO: Este estudo teve como objetivo preparar e caracterizar farinha de resíduos de tilápia do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus). O delineamento experimental consistiu em três tratamentos, farinha de carcaça, farinha de carne mecanicamente separada - CMS e farinha de cabeça, e cinco replicatas por tratamento. Foram realizadas análises de rendimento, qualidade microbiológica, pH, atividade de água, composição centesimal, valor energético, composição mineral, perfil de ácidos graxos, composição de aminoácidos, cor, frações granulométricas e o diâmetro médio geométrico das partículas (DMG). Os dados foram submetidos à ANOVA e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey (P < 0,05). As farinhas de carcaça, de carne mecanicamente separada e de cabeça apresentaram teor de proteína de 56,45%, 78,60% e 50,33%, respectivamente, teor de lipídios de 7,16%, 13,15% e 4,58%, respectivamente, e teor de cinzas de 32,61%. 4,26% e 38,41%, respectivamente. O rendimento médio das farinhas de resíduos de peixe foi de 13%. Os ácidos oleico, palmítico e linoleico foram os principais ácidos graxos encontrados nas três farinhas de resíduos de peixe, e o ácido glutâmico, leucina, lisina e glicina foram os principais aminoácidos detectados nas farinhas. A análise de cor mostrou que a luminosidade (L*) variou de 55,32 a 77,19, o vermelho (a*) variou de 4,44 a 4,88 e o amarelo (b*) variou de 4,13 a 9,51. O GMD variou de 0,37 a 0,99 mm. Os resultados indicam que as farinhas de resíduos de tilápia do Nilo apresentam alto valor nutricional e pH, atividade de água e qualidade microbiológica adequados para uso na alimentação humana. RESUMO Oreochromis niloticus. niloticus . niloticus) tratamentos carcaça tratamento pH centesimal energético mineral DMG. DMG (DMG) P 0,05. 005 0,05 0 05 0,05) 5645 56 45 56,45% 7860 78 60 78,60 5033 50 33 50,33% respectivamente 716 7 16 7,16% 1315 13 15 13,15 458 4 58 4,58% 3261 32 61 32,61% 426 26 4,26 3841 38 41 38,41% 13% oleico glutâmico leucina L* L (L* 5532 55 55,3 7719 77 19 77,19 a* (a* 444 44 4,4 488 88 4,8 b* b (b* 413 4,1 951 9 51 9,51 037 37 0,3 099 99 0,9 mm humana (DMG 00 0,0 564 5 56,45 786 6 78,6 503 3 50,33 71 1 7,16 131 13,1 4,58 326 32,61 42 2 4,2 384 38,41 (L 553 55, 771 77,1 (a 4, 48 8 (b 95 9,5 03 0, 09 56,4 78, 50,3 7,1 13, 4,5 32,6 38,4 77, 9, 56, 50, 7, 32, 38,

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to prepare and characterize Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) waste meal. The experimental design consisted of three treatments (carcass meal, mechanically separated meat meal - MSM, and head meal) and five replications of each treatment. Yield, microbiological quality, pH, water activity, proximate composition, energy value, mineral composition, fatty acid profile, amino acid composition, color, and particle size fractions and the geometric mean particle diameter (GMD) analyses were performed. Data were subjected to ANOVA, and means were compared by Tukey’s test at P < 0.05. Carcass, mechanically separated meat, and head meals had a protein content of 56.45%, 78.60%, and 50.33%, respectively, a lipid content of 7.16%, 13.15%, and 4.58%, respectively, and an ash content of 32.61%, 4.26%, and 38.41%, respectively. The mean yield of fish waste meals was 13%. Oleic, palmitic, and linoleic acids were the major fatty acids in the three fish waste meals, and glutamic acid, leucine, lysine, and glycine were the major amino acids. Color analysis showed that lightness (L*) ranged from 55.32 to 77.19, redness (a*) from 4.44 to 4.88, and yellowness (b*) from 4.13 to 9.51. The GMD ranged from 0.37 to 0.99 mm. The results indicate that Nile tilapia waste meals have high nutritional value and adequate pH, water activity, and microbiological quality for use in human nutrition. ABSTRACT Oreochromis niloticus carcass MSM treatment Yield pH activity composition profile color (GMD performed ANOVA Tukeys Tukey s 005 0 05 0.05 Carcass 5645 56 45 56.45% 7860 78 60 78.60% 5033 50 33 50.33% respectively 716 7 16 7.16% 1315 13 15 13.15% 458 4 58 4.58% 3261 32 61 32.61% 426 26 4.26% 3841 38 41 38.41% 13% Oleic palmitic leucine lysine L* L (L* 5532 55 55.3 7719 77 19 77.19 a* (a* 444 44 4.4 488 88 4.88 b* b (b* 413 4.1 951 9 51 9.51 037 37 0.3 099 99 0.9 mm nutrition 00 0.0 564 5 56.45 786 6 78.60 503 3 50.33 71 1 7.16 131 13.15 4.58 326 32.61 42 2 4.26 384 38.41 (L 553 55. 771 77.1 (a 4. 48 8 4.8 (b 95 9.5 03 0. 09 56.4 78.6 50.3 7.1 13.1 4.5 32.6 4.2 38.4 77. 9. 56. 78. 50. 7. 13. 32. 38.

Abstract A 45-day feeding assay was carried out to evaluate the effects of crescent levels of dephytinized rice bran protein concentrate (DRBPC) on growth performance, nutrient deposition, plasma and liver parameters of jundiá Rhamdia quelen. Five experimental diets were formulated with inclusion of 0 (control), 10, 15, 20, and 30% of DRBPC. In total 500 jundiás (initial body weight 6.28 ± 0.12 g) were allocated in 20 tanks (230 L) to give four groups for each treatment. Fish were fed to apparent satiation for 45 days. Weight gain and specific growth rate were evaluated by cubic regression analysis (P < 0.05) and displayed maximal growth on the inclusion level of 25% of DRBPC. The results indicated that fish fed DRBPC15 and DRBPC30 had lower body protein deposition and hepatosomatic index compared to CONTROL diet, respectively. No significant differences (P > 0.05) were assessed in plasma parameters. The alanine aminotransferase activity was higher in fish fed DRBPC30 compared to CONTROL group. The present study has demonstrated that DRBPC displayed significant nutritional quality for the jundiá. Thus, this new ingredient could be included as a protein source in fish for minimizing the use of fish meal. 45day day (DRBPC performance quelen control, control , (control) 10 15 30 50 initial 628 6 28 6.2 012 12 0.1 g 2 230 (23 L treatment 4 days P 0.05 005 05 25 DRBPC1 DRBPC3 diet respectively group Thus meal (control 1 3 5 62 6. 01 0. 23 (2 0.0 00 (