ABSTRACT Due to the diversification of dairy products developed in the state of Falcón, the introduction of a fermented dairy product derived from yogurt combined with Aloe vera gel, a traditional crop of the region, is novel due to its nutritional properties and health benefits. The objective of this research was to evaluate the quality of a dairy drink with fermented aloe according to current regulations. Important authors such as Tamime and Robinson 1, Morillo and Toyo 2, Méndez and Romero 3 were taken as references. Product elaboration runs were carried out on a laboratory scale, in order to establish the adequate proportions of the fruity Aloe gel by mixing fruit pulp, sugar and Aloe gel, the most accepted being the 1:1:1 ratio. The physicochemical and microbiological characterization of the raw material and the finished product was carried out using the COVENIN standards and organoleptic tests to untrained judges to ensure the acceptance of the product, from which a fermented milk drink was obtained with the addition of 50 % gel of Fruity Aloe with a pH of 4,51; a titratable acidity of 0,837 % lactic acid; 3,64 % fat and 12,92 % non-fat solids. Regarding the microbiological quality, few yeasts and the absence of coliform bacteria were found, which complies with the physicochemical and microbiological requirements demanded by the regulations, allowing the obtaining of a quality product suitable for human consumption based on natural raw materials.

RESUMEN Debido a la diversificación de los productos de origen lácteo desarrollados en el estado Falcón, la introducción de un producto lácteo fermentado derivado del yogurt combinado con gel de Aloe vera, cultivo tradicional de la región, es novedoso por sus propiedades alimenticias y beneficios a la salud. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar la calidad de una bebida láctea fermentada con gel de Aloe frutado según la normativa vigente. Se tomaron como referencias importantes autores como Tamime y Robinson, (1) Morillo y Toyo, (2) Méndez y Romero. (3) Se realizaron corridas de elaboración del producto a escala de laboratorio, a fin de establecer las proporciones adecuadas del gel de Aloe frutado mezclando pulpa de fruta, azúcar y gel de Aloe, siendo la más aceptada la proporción 1:1:1. Se realizó la caracterización fisicoquímica y microbiológica de la materia prima y del producto terminado mediante las normas COVENIN y pruebas organolépticas a 10 jueces no entrenados para asegurar la aceptación del producto, de donde se obtuvo una bebida láctea fermentada con la adición de 50 % de gel de Aloe frutado con un pH de 4,51; una acidez titulable de 0,837 % de ácido láctico; 3,64 % de grasa y 12,92 % de sólidos no grasos. Respecto a la calidad microbiológica se encontraron levaduras escasas y ausencia de bacterias coliformes, con lo cual se cumple con los requisitos fisicoquímicos y microbiológicos exigidos por la normativa, permitiendo la obtención de un producto de calidad apto para el consumo humano a base de materias primas naturales.

Abstract A route is proposed that begins with obtaining raw materials, but does not end in the finished product, but rather diversifies into many other linked routes, each one aimed at distributing, showing, promoting, advertising; that is to say, to allow the arrival to each one of the possible consumers, offering them much more than the product itself. Since its origins, fashion proposes and produces behaviors and changes in societies. In many cases, these changes have been maintained permanently, although the fashion that prompted them disappeared. In any case, it can be said that fashion, as an ephemeral social phenomenon, does not completely disappear, but rather produces a permanent mark; a trail that can be traversed, a trail that functions as a witness and allows to identify patterns, to evaluate and propose actions in order to minimize and decelerate the impact of large-scale production of fashion items, create new habits and sustain them in the weather.

Resumen Se propone un recorrido que comienza con la obtención de las materias primas, pero que no finaliza en el producto terminado, sino que se diversifica en muchas otras rutas vinculadas, cada una de ellas orientadas a distribuir, mostrar, promocionar, publicitar; es decir, permitir la llegada a cada uno de los posibles consumidores, ofreciéndoles mucho más que el producto en sí. Desde sus orígenes, la moda propone y produce conductas y cambios en las sociedades, en muchos casos, dichos cambios, han logrado mantenerse de forma permanente, aunque la moda que los impulsó desapareciera. De todos modos, se puede afirmar que la moda, como fenómeno social efímero, no desaparece completamente, sino que produce una huella permanente; un rastro que se puede recorrer, un rastro que funciona como testigo y permite identificar patrones, para evaluar y proponer acciones con el fin de minimizar y desacelerar el impacto de la producción de artículos de moda a gran escala, crear nuevos hábitos y sostenerlos en el tiempo.

Resumo Propõe-se um percurso que começa na obtenção da matéria-prima, mas não termina no produto acabado, mas se diversifica em muitos outros percursos interligados, cada um destinado a distribuir, mostrar, promover, anunciar; ou seja, permitir a chegada a cada um dos possíveis consumidores, oferecendo-lhes muito mais do que o próprio produto. Desde as suas origens, a moda propõe e produz comportamentos e mudanças nas sociedades, que em muitos casos se mantiveram permanentemente, embora a moda que as motivou tenha desaparecido. Em todo caso, pode-se dizer que a moda, como fenômeno social efêmero, não desaparece completamente, antes produz uma marca permanente; uma trilha que pode ser percorrida, uma trilha que funciona como testemunho e permite identificar padrões, avaliar e propor ações no sentido de minimizar e desacelerar o impacto da produção em larga escala de itens de moda, criar novos hábitos e sustentá-los no clima.

ABSTRACT Structural materials play an essential role in equipment and constructions, with properties such as strength and stability. Granite and marble are widely used for structural building materials such as cladding, sinks and countertops. It is possible to recycle waste from these rocks in the production of new parts, reducing the environmental impact. In Brazil, there is a high amount of construction and demolition waste, with most of the raw material becoming waste before the product is finished. Studies indicate that the incorporation of ornamental stone waste into cementitious products can significantly reduce environmental impact and improve its sustainability. The present work presents an experimental study for the manufacture of resin granite test specimens with residues from different dosages and resin epoxy levels. Flexural strengths of up to 7, 11, 24 and 28 MPa are achieved for resin contents of 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% respectively. The material has anisotropic characteristics and makes good use of almost all of the size ranges of waste used. Future reverse engineering studies of the resin are also necessary to expand knowledge and further optimize its application. constructions stability cladding countertops parts Brazil finished sustainability levels 7 11 2 5 5% 10 10% 15 20 respectively application 1

ABSTRACT Operations management (OM) involves the activities related to producing goods by transforming input into output. Operations managers typically organize the design of goods and manage the processes to ensure a quality product. Many of these processes also apply to the future production of goods in space. Space resources are enablers for space travel and life on other bodies, but they must be processed from raw material to a finished good that can be used. Using terrestrial OM processes, we can imagine the procedures and processes needed to operate production plants in space. Some critical issues will be interoperability, sustainability, and high-quality control, but many other OM factors must be considered and explored. (OM output product bodies used interoperability sustainability highquality high control explored

Resumen: Este artículo expone un estudio de caso para determinar si los indicadores de desempeño son suficientes con relación al nivel de servicio logístico comprometido a determinar los atributos establecidos para medir el sistema logístico, recordemos que “todo lo que no se puede medir, no se puede controlar, lo que nos puede controlar, no se puede administrar”. Metodológicamente, se considera el trabajo de naturaleza descriptiva, dado que presenta la manera en que actualmente se realiza la medición del desempeño logístico a través de la aplicación de indicadores en el centro de distribución de la empresa Las Tacuaras S.A., una empresa nacional, del sector avícola, dedicada a la producción y comercialización de huevos enteros y huevo líquido. Primeramente, se realiza la descripción y caracterización de la empresa y su estructura organizacional, para luego enfocarnos en el proceso logístico y su composición. Al intervenir diversos departamentos en el proceso logístico, y como no todas las actividades que desarrollan los departamentos intervinientes tienen un impacto en el desempeño de la logística, nos enfocamos solo en las actividades del departamento de Distribución y Transporte. Se buscó información existente en la literatura, específicamente sobre desempeño logístico, indicadores de desempeño, centro de distribución y logística, en diversos medios como internet, tesis de grado, de maestría, artículos científicos, otros, constatando poco material específico para el sector avícola. Los resultados obtenidos revelan que la organización cuenta con una cadena de suministros, compuestos por miembros primarios y miembros de soporte, donde la logística cumple una función operativa dentro de la organización, desplazando el producto terminado a los canales de distribución, y también, como proceso de apoyo a la fabricación y al ciclo de vida del producto. Además, se constató que la organización cuenta con un nivel importante de incorporación de la tecnología de la información, para la integración de sus procesos, son expuestos a consideración de los directivos de la empresa, a fin de que los mismos puedan ser utilizados para la toma de decisiones, como base para el control del uso de los recursos, seguimiento al cumplimiento de los objetivos e identificación de oportunidades de mejoramiento.

Summary: This article exposes a case study to determine if the performance indicators are sufficient in relation to the level of logistics service committed to determine the attributes set out to measure the logistics system, it should be reminded that "everything that cannot be measured, cannot be controlled, what can control us, cannot be managed". methodologically, the work is considered descriptive in nature, since it depicts the way in which logistics performance is currently measured through the application of indicators in the distribution center of Las Tacuaras S.A., a national company in the poultry sector, engaged in the production and marketing of whole eggs and liquid eggs. First, we describe and characterize the company and its organizational structure, and then focus on the logistics process and its composition. Since several departments are involved in the logistics process, and since not all the activities carried out by the departments involved have an impact on logistics performance, we focus only on the activities of the Distribution and Transportation department. A search for existing information in the literature was conducted, specifically on logistics performance, performance indicators, distribution center and logistics, in different media such as the Internet, theses, master's theses, scientific articles, etc., finding little specific material for the poultry sector. The results obtained reveal that the entity has a supply chain, comprised by primary members and support members, where logistics plays an operational role within the organizing, moving the finished product to the distribution channels, and also, as a support process to the manufacturing and product life cycle. In addition, it was found that the entity has a significant level of incorporation of information technology, for the integration of its processes, are exposed to the consideration of the managers of the company, so that they can be used for decision making, as a basis for controlling the use of resources, monitoring the achievement of objectives and identifying opportunities for improvement.

ABSTRACT Introduction: The use of refined sugarcane wax for biopharmaceutical purposes started in Cuba at the end of the last century. After a period of inactivity, the process of recovery and updating of the technology began. In a new context, it was necessary to increase the efficiency of the plant, reduce consumption rates and obtain a finished product in accordance with customer requirements. The objectives of this work were: to analyze the solubility of the oil and wax fractions present in the cane wax using the Hansen theory of solubility; to study the operational parameters that act upon the stages of extraction of oil and the separation of the wax/resin. Methods: They were used refined and unrefined sugar cane wax, oil and resin from the wax refining factory located on Majibacoa, Las Tunas. They were used statistical methods to optimize results. It was used Hansen's solubility theory to explain the affinity between sugarcane wax fractions and solvents. They were used Statgraphics centurion 2017 and Hansen Solubility Parameter in Practice programs for the analysis of the experimental data. Results: It was possible to produce wax in conditions to be processed. They were reduced the rates of consumption of solvent and electricity in the oil extraction stage. It was determined the Hansen parameters of the oil and wax fractions of sugarcane and it was studied their affinity with more than 100 solvents. A product was obtained according to the customer requirements. Conclusions: It was deepened in the knowledge of the basic principles that govern the fractionation of sugarcane wax with ethanol and it was improved the quality of refined sugarcane wax.

RESUMEN Introducción: El uso de la cera de caña de azúcar refinada con fines biofarmacéuticos se materializó en Cuba a finales del pasado siglo XX. Después de un período de inactividad se comenzó un proceso de recuperación y actualización de la tecnología. En el nuevo contexto se hacía necesario aumentar la eficiencia de la planta, disminuir los índices de consumo y obtener un producto terminado acorde con las exigencias del cliente. Para esto se propuso como objetivos analizar la solubilidad de las fracciones aceite y cera presentes en la cera de caña de azúcar mediante la teoría de solubilidad de Hansen; estudiar los parámetros operacionales que inciden en las etapas de extracción de aceite y la separación cera/resina. Métodos: Se empleó cera de caña de azúcar refinada y sin refinar, aceite y resina procedentes de la fábrica de refinación de cera de Majibacoa, Las Tunas. Se utilizaron métodos estadísticos para la optimización de resultados. La teoría de solubilidad de Hansen fue utilizada para explicar la afinidad existente entre las fracciones de cera de caña de azúcar y solventes. Se emplearon los programas Statgraphics Centurión 2017 y Hansen solubility parameter in practice para el análisis de los datos experimentales. Resultados: Se logró proveer a la tecnología instalada de una cera en condiciones para ser procesada. Se disminuyeron los índices de consumo de solvente y electricidad en la etapa de extracción de aceite. Se determinaron los parámetros de Hansen de las fracciones aceite y cera de caña de azúcar, se estudió su afinidad con más de 100 solventes. Se obtuvo un producto acorde con las exigencias del cliente. En conclusiones se profundizó en los fundamentos básicos que gobiernan el fraccionamiento de cera de caña de azúcar con etanol y se elevó la calidad de la cera de caña de azúcar refinada.

ABSTRACT The ranking of seed lots is a fundamental process for all companies in the seed industry. This work aims to demonstrate data mining methods for ranking sorghum seed lots during the seed processing through analysis of quality control data. Germination and cold tests were performed to verify the physiological quality of the lots. Seed samples from each lot were evaluated in two moments: post-cleaning and finished product (ready for marketing). The results after pre-processing totaled 188 rows of data with six attributes, encompassing 150 lots accepted for marketing, 6 rejected, and 32 intermediate lots. The classifiers used were J48, Random Forest, Classification Via Regression, Naive Bayes, Multilayer Perceptron, and IBk. The Resample filter was used for adjustment of the data. The k-fold technique was used for training, with ten folds. The metrics of Accuracy, Precision, Recall, F-measure, and ROC Area were used to verify the accuracy of the algorithms. The results obtained were used to determine the best machine-learning algorithm. IBk and J48 presented the highest accuracy of data; the IBk technique presented the best results. The Resample filter was essential for solving the data imbalance problem. Sorghum seed lots can be classified with great accuracy and precision through artificial intelligence and machine learning technique. industry moments postcleaning post cleaning ready marketing. marketing . marketing) preprocessing pre 18 attributes 15 rejected 3 J Forest Regression Bayes Perceptron kfold k fold training folds Accuracy Precision Recall Fmeasure, Fmeasure F measure, measure F-measure algorithms machinelearning algorithm J4 problem 1

RESUMO A classificação de lotes de sementes é um processo fundamental para todas as empresas do setor sementeiro. O objetivo do trabalho é demonstrar os métodos de mineração de dados de ranqueamento de lotes de sementes de sorgo durante o processo de beneficiamento, através de análises de dados do controle de qualidade. Os testes realizados foram germinação e teste de frio, com o objetivo de verificar a qualidade fisiológica dos lotes. As amostras de sementes de cada lote foram avaliadas em dois momentos: póslimpeza e produto acabado (pronto para comercialização). Os dados gerados, após o pré-processamento, totalizaram 188 linhas com seis atributos, contabilizando 150 lotes aceitos para comercialização, seis rejeitados e 32 denominados intermediários. Os classificadores utilizados foram J48, Random Forest, Classification Via Regression, Naive Bayes, Multilayer Perceptron e IBk. Utilizou-se o filtro Resample para ajustamento dos dados. A técnica empregada para treinamento foi a k-fold, com 10 folds. Para verificar a precisão dos algoritmos foram utilizadas as métricas de Acurácia, Precisão, Recall, F-measure e Área ROC. Com os resultados obtidos determinou-se o melhor algoritmo de aprendizagem de máquina. Verificou-se que o IBk e o J48 obtiveram maior acurácia nos dados, sendo que a técnica de IBk obteve o melhor resultado. O filtro Resample foi importante para resolver o problema do desequilíbrio dos dados. Concluímos ser possível classificar lotes de sementes de sorgo com grande acurácia e precisão através de inteligência artificial e sua técnica de aprendizado de máquina. sementeiro beneficiamento frio momentos pronto comercialização. comercialização . comercialização) gerados préprocessamento, préprocessamento pré processamento, processamento pré-processamento 18 atributos 15 3 intermediários J Forest Regression Bayes Utilizouse Utilizou se kfold, kfold k fold, fold k-fold 1 folds Acurácia Precisão Recall Fmeasure F measure ROC determinouse determinou máquina Verificouse Verificou J4 resultado

ABSTRACT This work has been intended for the exhaustive validation of the method for HPLC in reverse phase for the quantification of acetaminophen, methylparaben and propylparaben in formulations of Paracetamol Oral Solution 120 mg/5 mL, of the Medilip Pharmaceutical Laboratory from Bayamo. The following parameters in the process of validation were evaluated: system suitable test, selectivity, linearity, precision, accuracy, interval of work, robustness, limits of detection and quantification. The methodologies followed according to Resolution 40/2014 of the Center for the State Control of the Quality of the Medicaments and Medical Devices as well as, the Norm Cuban NC TS 368:2010, Guide for the validation of methods of chemical assay. The proposed method was selective, linear, robust, accurate and precise for the interval of 80 to 120 %. These results demonstrate that the method for the quantification of the acetaminophen and parabens in the quality control of the finished product can be utilized.

RESUMEN Este trabajo ha estado dirigido a la validación exhaustiva del método por HPLC en fase reversa para la cuantificación de acetaminofén, metilparabeno y propilparabeno en formulaciones de Paracetamol solución oral 120 mg/5 mL, del Laboratorio Farmacéutico Medilip de Bayamo. En el proceso de validación fueron evaluados los siguientes parámetros: idoneidad del sistema, selectividad, linealidad, precisión, exactitud, intervalo de trabajo, robustez, límites de detección y cuantificación. Se siguieron las metodologías según Resolución 40/2014 del Centro para el Control Estatal de la Calidad de los Medicamentos y Dispositivos Médicos, así como, la Norma Cubana NC TS 368:2010, Guía para la validación de métodos de ensayo químicos. El método propuesto fue selectivo, lineal, robusto, exacto y preciso para el intervalo de 80 a 120 %. Estos resultados demuestran que el método puede ser utilizado para la cuantificación de acetaminofén, y los parabenos para el control de la calidad del producto terminado.

Abstract The object of study was pasta obtained as a result of 3D printing. This research was aimed to the application of the drying process as a tool to improve pasta 3D printing quality. The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of the drying process operating parameters and to find their optimal values to ensure the quality of pasta obtained by 3D printing. Hot air and infrared drying was used to heat the extruded product locally. The response surface methodology was applied for the drying process optimization. Heating power, processing time and distance from the heating source were chosen as the main variables influencing the drying process. The maximum product weight loss combined with the maximum temperature below 100 °C during the entire processing time constituted an optimization challenge. The use of infrared drying was advantageous when processing a layer of pasta dough several millimeters thick and resulted in a drier and harder surface. With a processing time of 1.5 min, the heating power was 2 units, and the distance from the support to the heating source was 1.77 cm. The noted values of the independent variables for the response function can be considered optimal. D locally 10 C challenge 15 1 5 1. min units 177 77 1.7 cm 17 7

Abstract Determination of food products rheological properties is becoming more and more important for assessing raw materials and finished products quality, as well as for predicting a semi-finished product behavior during processing. The influence of honey variety, rotor speed and homogenization time on mayonnaise rheological properties were studied in this work. The following honey varieties were used: acacia, linden, forest, spring. Refined sunflower oil was used to make mayonnaise. The mechanical process of mayonnaise homogenization was carried out at a rotor speed of 10,000 rpm and 12,000 rpm, for 2 and 4 minutes at room temperature. Mayonnaise with 75% oil phase was prepared according to a traditional recipe without preservatives added. Rheological properties measurements were carried out on a rotary viscometer with concentric cylinders at a temperature of 25 °C. The following parameters were calculated according to the experimental data: apparent viscosity, consistency index and flow index. The research results showed that the type of honey influenced the rheological properties of mayonnaise. They changed as the homogenization process duration and the rotor speed increased. The tested samples of mayonnaise with honey added belong to non-Newtonian systems, a pseudoplastic type of liquid. quality semifinished semi processing variety work acacia linden forest spring 10000 10 000 10,00 12000 12 12,00 75 C °C data viscosity increased nonNewtonian non Newtonian systems liquid 1000 1 00 10,0 1200 12,0 7 100 0 10, 120 12,

Abstract Vegetable crops of the Brassicaceae family have the ability to include the necessary trace element selenium (Se) in the composition of organic compounds such as selenoproteins, in addition, they have important properties for human health based on the content of selenium. In our work, we investigated the effect of non-root processing of vegetating radish plants on the quality of finished products. The research results showed that the selenium content in the product part of plants significantly increased with an increase in the concentration of this element in the working solution. The dry matter content also increased, while its greatest amount was observed at lower concentrations of Se in the working solution. The use of non-root treatment with a selenium-containing solution on vegetative plants led to a significant decrease in the content of ascorbic acid and nitrates, and the decrease in the amount of nitrates in radish root crops was inversely dependent on the concentration of selenium in the working solution. (Se selenoproteins addition work nonroot non products seleniumcontaining containing

Resumo As hortaliças da família Brassicaceae têm a capacidade de incluir o oligoelemento selênio (Se) necessário na composição de compostos orgânicos como as selenoproteínas, além disso, possuem propriedades importantes para a saúde humana com base no teor de selênio. Em nosso trabalho, investigamos o efeito do processamento não radicular de plantas de rabanete vegetantes na qualidade dos produtos acabados. Os resultados da pesquisa mostraram que o teor de selênio na parte do produto das plantas aumentou significativamente com o aumento da concentração desse elemento na solução de trabalho. O teor de matéria seca também elevou, enquanto sua maior quantidade foi observada em menores concentrações de Se na solução de trabalho. O uso de tratamento não radicular com uma solução contendo selênio em plantas vegetativas levou a uma diminuição significativa no teor de ácido ascórbico e nitratos, e a diminuição na quantidade de nitratos nas raízes de rabanete foi inversamente dependente da concentração de selênio na solução de trabalho. (Se selenoproteínas disso trabalho acabados elevou

Resumen La cartografía es una forma ética-estética-política de hacer investigación, una forma de producir conocimiento que está insistentemente habitada por el desconocido, y las prácticas feministas son herramientas poderosas para analizar las relaciones de poder. El objetivo de este estudio es cartografiar la propia cartografía para pensar cómo, en el tejido de un campo, las epistemologías y metodologías feministas permiten a la cartografía interrogarse sobre sus modos de funcionamiento, herramientas e implicaciones. Se trata de un artículo teórico de una investigación realizada a través de entrevistas con mujeres presas en Brasil y Portugal. Cruzamos pistas cartográficas con inspiraciones feministas para mostrar que investigar es más el camino que trazamos que un producto acabado al final. Proponemos pistas para entender la cartografía como una política de producción de conocimiento inscrito en la política y argumentamos que un pliegue feminista del ethos cartográfico puede radicalizar la producción de conocimiento desde la filosofía de la diferencia. éticaestéticapolítica ética estética desconocido poder cómo campo funcionamiento implicaciones Portugal final diferencia

Abstract Cartography is an ethical, aesthetic, and political way of doing research and producing knowledge that is insistently inhabited by the unknown with feminism being a powerful tool to analyze power relations. This study aims to map cartography itself to think about how feminist epistemologies and methodologies allow cartography to question itself about the ways in which it functions, its tools, and implications. This is a theoretical text based on a research that interviewed women in prisons in Brazil and Portugal that crosses cartographic clues and feminist inspirations to vouch that research is more about the path we trace than the finished product at the end. We also propose clues for thinking cartography as a policy for producing knowledge inscribed in politics and defend that a feminist approach to cartography can radicalize the production of knowledge based on the perspective of philosophy of difference. ethical aesthetic relations functions tools implications end difference

Resumo A cartografia é uma postura ética-estética-política de fazer pesquisa, uma forma de produzir conhecimento habitada insistentemente pelo desconhecido e o feminismo é uma ferramenta potente para analisar as relações de poder. O objetivo deste estudo é cartografar a própria cartografia para pensar de que maneiras, na tessitura de um campo, as epistemologias e metodologias feministas permitem à cartografia interrogar-se a si mesma acerca de seus modos de funcionamento, ferramentas e implicações. Trata-se de artigo teórico de uma pesquisa que entrevistou mulheres em prisões no Brasil e em Portugal. Cruzamos pistas da cartografia com inspirações feministas para mostrar que fazer pesquisa é mais o percurso que traçamos do que um produto pronto ao final. Propomos pistas para entender a cartografia como política de produção de conhecimento inscrito na política e defendemos que uma dobradura feminista no ethos cartográfico pode radicalizar a produção de conhecimento da perspectiva da filosofia da diferença. éticaestéticapolítica ética estética poder maneiras campo interrogarse interrogar se funcionamento implicações Tratase Trata Portugal final diferença

Western imperialism and colonialism have tremendously affected the epistemological conception of Africa and Africans. In the same vein, early missionaries did not countenance the cosmologies and lived experiences of the Africans in their interpretation and application of the Bible. On the contrary, they imposed Western epistemologies and theological images on Africa. Although much work has been carried out in these areas, little attention has been devoted to how contextuality, interculturality and decolonisation are exercised in power struggles: the power to define what counts for Africa and Africans as they daily deploy the resources of the Bible. The author argues that contextuality, interculturality and decolonisation are schemes of power relations on the one hand and of owning the Bible on the other, rather than mere methods of biblical hermeneutics in Africa. As schemes of power, they reject imperialist agenda of unequal barter of cultural exchange claimed as civilising the African. Presenting contextuality as a finished product is a violation of the rights of Africans to productively apply the Bible as a text seeking understanding in a different clime from the West; it is also a denial of the reality of interculturality, and thus it ignites the need for decolonisation. By utilising conceptual analysis as a framework, it is argued that these schemes are beyond hermeneutical methods but have the power to resist the suffusing influence of Western theological suffocation in Africa. CONTRIBUTION: This study argues that contextuality, interculturality and decolonisation are not mere hermeneutical methods for studying the Bible in context; they are instruments of struggle to liberate it from Western epistemological stranglehold.

Abstract The purpose of this scientific work is to build a diffusion model based on Fick's second law. The model is designed to determine the salting process duration and salt concentration in the fish muscle tissue (Atlantic herring). The method of photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS) by a certified Photocor FC correlator device was used. The device operating principle is based on Rayleigh radiation scattering, which allows us to directly determine the effective diffusion coefficients, taking into account all factors, without singling out a specific one. This research presents the spatiotemporal distributions of effective diffusion coefficients in a herring sample during brine salting. Formulas for calculating the salting duration and the average salt concentration in the thickness of fish muscle tissue are presented, and the time of reaching the sample center by salt and the average salt concentration in it were estimated. These parameters could be widely used for the finished product quality and the technical and economic indicators of production improvement. The average effective diffusion coefficient De through the sample thickness was used for calculation. The salting duration for a 30 mm thick herring sample with a saturated salt solution was 8.74 hours until the average salinity of the sample was 4.7%. Ficks Fick s law Atlantic herring. . herring) PCS (PCS scattering factors one presented estimated improvement calculation 3 874 8 74 8.7 47 4 7 4.7% 87 8. 4.7 4.

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho científico é construir um modelo de difusão baseado na segunda lei de Fick. O modelo é projetado para determinar a duração do processo de salga e a concentração de sal no tecido muscular do peixe, o arenque-do-atlântico. O método de espectroscopia de correlação de fótons foi utilizado nesta pesquisa. Para estudar amostras de peixes, foi usado um dispositivo correlacionador Photocor FC certificado. O princípio de operação do dispositivo é baseado na dispersão de radiação Rayleigh, que permite determinar diretamente os coeficientes de difusão efetivos, levando em consideração todos os fatores, sem destacar um específico. Esta pesquisa apresenta as distribuições espaço-temporais dos coeficientes de difusão efetivos em uma amostra de arenque durante a salga em salmoura. São apresentadas fórmulas para cálculo da duração da salga e da concentração média de sal na espessura do tecido muscular do peixe, e foram estimados o tempo de chegada do sal ao centro amostral e a concentração média de sal no mesmo. Esses parâmetros poderiam ser amplamente utilizados para a qualidade do produto acabado e os indicadores técnicos e econômicos de melhoria da produção. O coeficiente de difusão efetivo médio De através da espessura da amostra foi utilizado para o cálculo. A duração da salga para uma amostra de arenque de 30 mm de espessura com solução salina saturada foi de 8,74 horas até que a salinidade média da amostra fosse de 4,7%. Fick peixe arenquedoatlântico. arenquedoatlântico atlântico. atlântico arenque-do-atlântico peixes certificado Rayleigh fatores específico espaçotemporais espaço temporais salmoura mesmo produção 3 874 8 74 8,7 47 4 7 4,7% 87 8, 4,7 4,

Resumo A madeira de mogno (Swietenia macrophylla King) é uma das mais valiosas encontradas no Continente Americano. Esse trabalho visou avaliar a produção de painéis de partículas de resíduos dos galhos e troncos dessa espécie. Foram avaliados a viabilidade de produção, as propriedades físicas e mecânicas e, além disso, foi realizada a comparação dos resultados com estudos similares e requisitos de normas. Os painéis foram fabricados a partir dos resíduos do tronco e dos galhos, de forma separada e misturados em diferentes proporções para testar sua influência no produto final. Foram aglomerados usando resina de poliuretano e prensados a 90°C e 3,5 MPa por 10 minutos. As amostras foram testadas para flexão estática, aderência interna, rigidez e inchamento (24 h), de acordo com as recomendações da NBR 14810. Os resultados indicaram que não houve correlação significativa entre a proporção tronco-galhos e os valores de módulo de elasticidade/ruptura. A produção dos painéis foi considerada viável e os resultados da maioria dos testes atenderam aos requisitos normativos.

Abstract Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King) is one of the most valuable wood species found in the American Continent. This study is an evaluation of the production of particleboards using wood residues from the branches and trunk of a mahogany tree. It was designed to test the feasibility of production and the mechanical and physical characteristics of the finished particleboards, as well as to compare the results with similar studies and the requirements of normative documents. The particles were generated from the trunk and branches of a mahogany tree separately and mixed in different proportions to test their influence on the final product. They were bonded using 12% polyurethane resin from renewable resources and pressed under 90º C and 3.5 MPa for 10 minutes. The specimens were prepared and tested according to the guidelines established by the NBR 14810 regarding the static bending, internal bond, stiffness and thickness swelling (24h) tests. The results indicated that there is no significant correlation between the trunk-branches proportion and the Modulus of Elasticity/Rupture values. The production of the particleboards using the residues is feasible and the results of most of the tests fitted the normative requirements, which means that with the refinement of the production process it is possible to have a good product that fully complies with the technical standards.