ABSTRACT The global COVID-19 pandemic caused significant economic and financial losses in the Ecuadorian banking sector. This study aims to determine the extent to which credit risk and liquidity affect the profitability of mutual savings banks in Ecuador between 2018 and 2021. To this end, the population consisted of the four existing mutual savings banks, and data from a panel of 192 observations were used, applying a PLS-SEM model to demonstrate the relationships. The results showed that credit risk has a negative impact on the liquidity and profitability of these financial institutions; in the case of liquidity, it was found that it does not affect profitability. Consequently, it is essential to control credit risk through delinquency indices, which makes it necessary to consider the structure of the loan portfolio.

RESUMEN La pandemia mundial producto del COVID-19 ocasionó importantes pérdidas económicas y financieras en el sector bancario ecuatoriano. El objetivo del presente estudio es determinar en qué medida el riesgo crediticio y la liquidez afectan la rentabilidad de las mutualistas en Ecuador, entre el 2018 y 2021. Para tal efecto, la población estuvo constituida por las cuatro mutualistas existentes, con cuyos datos se trabajó con datos de panel de 192 observaciones, aplicando un modelo PLS-SEM para evidenciar las relaciones. De esta manera, los resultados mostraron que el riesgo crediticio incide negativamente sobre la liquidez y la rentabilidad de estas instituciones financieras; en el caso de la liquidez, se ha podido percibir que esta no afecta a la rentabilidad. En consecuencia, es sumamente importante controlar el riesgo crediticio, a través de los índices de morosidad, por lo que es necesario considerar la estructura de cartera.

Abstract The Maria da Penha Law brought to the Brazilian legal system, such as the urgent protection measures (MPUs). Gender subjectivation process influences the usage of this legal instrument. This exploratory research aims to understand sociodemographic variables and motivations that may influence their revocation by women, based on the documental analysis of 60 psychosocial reports and 60 sociodemographic questionnaires. Four categories of motivation to revoke protective orders were listed, created using content analysis and gender devices revocation: care, love, financial dependence, and risk perception. The first two categories were more prominent in the reports analyzed, which favors the analysis of women identity formation by loving and maternal devices and their influence on the revocation of MPUs. It was observed that most revocation requests occurred in the first month after the violent episode occurred. In those requests there was a preponderance of the categories love and financial dependence and of black women and unemployed women. Understanding the variables that affect the maintenance of protective orders as well as the motivation and vulnerabilities arising from the process of subjectivation of women into those devices could better qualify the performance of those who work in the legal system. system MPUs . (MPUs) instrument 6 questionnaires listed care perception analyzed (MPUs

Resumo A Lei Maria da Penha trouxe inovações ao ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, como as medidas protetivas de urgência (MPUs). Os processos de subjetivação de gênero influenciam a utilização desse instrumento jurídico. Nessa pesquisa exploratória, buscou-se compreender as variáveis sociodemográficas e motivações que podem influenciar a solicitação de revogação das medidas protetivas pelas mulheres, a partir da análise documental de 60 relatórios psicossociais e 60 questionários sociodemográficos. Foram elencadas quatro categorias de motivação para o pedido de revogação, criadas a partir da análise de conteúdo e dos dispositivos de gênero: cuidar, amar, dependência financeira e percepção do risco. As duas primeiras categorias se destacaram, corroborando a análise do favorecimento da formação identitária de mulheres nos dispositivos materno e amoroso e sua influência na solicitação de revogação das MPUs. Observou-se que a maioria das solicitações de revogação ocorreram no primeiro mês após a data do fato. Notou-se que nessas solicitações houve uma preponderância das categorias amar e dependência financeira; e de mulheres negras e de mulheres desempregadas. A compreensão dessas variáveis na manutenção das medidas protetivas e a influência de vulnerabilidades decorrentes do processo de subjetivação de gênero podem qualificar a atuação dos atores do sistema de justiça. brasileiro MPUs . (MPUs) exploratória buscouse buscou 6 sociodemográficos cuidar risco destacaram Observouse Observou fato Notouse Notou desempregadas justiça (MPUs

ABSTRACT The main purpose of this research was to assess how the profitability and liquidity of the company "Central de Cooperativas Mineras Rinconada y Lunar de Oro Limitada" were impacted by COVID-19 between the periods 2018 and 2022. This study is classified as basic and explanatory in nature, and it is non-experimental. For data collection, the documentation technique and observation were used, and the company's Balance Sheet and Income Statement were analyzed. The results indicate that, based on the analysis of profitability through Return on Assets (ROA), in 2019, it showed a negative value (-0.21). In contrast, in 2020, it recorded a value of 78.02. On the other hand, the analysis of Return on Equity (ROE) revealed a value of -0.14 in 2019, while in 2020, a significant value was recorded in the ratios (65.01). Regarding the liquidity of the mining company, the Current Ratio in 2019 was 15.46, and in 2020, it was 0.78. Furthermore, the Quick Ratio values were 15.46 in 2019 and 0.78 in 2020. Conclusions: the mining company experienced a significant decline in liquidity; however, it managed to maintain strong economic and financial profitability. Although a company may be profitable, the lack of liquidity represents a significant risk.

RESUMEN El propósito principal de esta investigación fue evaluar cómo la rentabilidad y la liquidez de la empresa “Central de Cooperativas Mineras Rinconada y Lunar de Oro Limitada” se vieron afectadas por el COVID-19 entre los periodos 2018 y 2022. Este estudio se clasifica de tipo básica y nivel descriptivo, y no experimental. Para el recojo de información se usó la técnica de documentación y la observación, se analizó el Estado de situación financiera y Estado de Resultados de la empresa. Los resultados muestran que, según el análisis de rentabilidad por retorno de activos (ROA) en el 2019 mostró un valor negativo (-0,21). Mientras que en 2020 registró un valor 78,02. Por otro lado, el análisis del retorno sobre el patrimonio (ROE), en el 2019 se halló un valor de -0,14. Mientras que en el 2020 se registró un valor significativo en ls ratios (65,01). Respecto a la liquidez de la empresa minera, según valores de Liquidez Corriente en el 2019 fue de 15,46 y en el 2020 fue de 0,78. Por otro lado, los valores de la Prueba Ácida en el 2019 fueron de 15,46 y en el 2020 de 0,78. Conclusiones: la empresa minera percibió una caída importante en su liquidez, sin embargo, logró mantener una sólida rentabilidad económica y financiera. Aunque una empresa pueda ser rentable, la falta de liquidez representa un riesgo significativo.

The structure of climate finance flows from donors (multilateral sources) to recipients (sub-Saharan African countries) was studied. This is the first study to provide a comprehensive network structure of the climate finance flows into Africa, based on the global public climate finance governance system. Network theory and decision tree techniques were employed. The results obtained generally fit the multilateral funding units (MFUs) into two categories: central funding units (CFUs), which simultaneously attend to the climate-related projects of many African countries, and the boundary funding units (BFUs), which cater to only a few countries at once. An isolated region with no BFUs was identified. African countries within this group could be more exposed to climate financial risk as they rely on only the CFUs. In general, with the exception of mitigation REDD (reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation) climate finance, a disproportionate distribution of climate themes, with particular reference to adaptation finance, was observed across sub-Saharan Africa. This has real implications for equitable resource allocation of climate funds. The need for African-bred region-wide MFUs is recommended. SIGNIFICANCE: Insights from this analysis expose the presence of contagion effects within the sub-Saharan African climate finance network structure and, consequently, the flow of climate finance-related risks. This knowledge is critical for future planning as it can provide African governments and interested stakeholders with informed evidence upon which they can make reliable and justifiable decisions, such as shaping of sectoral strategies and improving of climate finance flow coordination.

SIGNIFICANCE: The move away from LIBOR to new risk-free rates is crucial in finance. In this Commentary, I examine South Africa's readiness for transitioning from JIBAR to these new rates, especially regarding interest rate derivatives. I delve into how this shift impacts pricing, unique to South Africa's market. Using a mathematical model based on a 2 x 2 Wishart process, I analyse caplet pricing considering backward- and forward-looking rates. Comparing these caplet types reveals the complexities of pricing in this changing financial landscape. The insights shed light on challenges and opportunities for South Africa and the finance sector as JIBAR nears its end, emphasising the need for robust mathematical strategies in navigating this transition.

A dengue evoluiu de uma doença restrita a alguns países para um grave problema global de saúde pública, atingindo mais de 120 países nos últimos anos. No Brasil, após sua reintrodução em 1981, o país enfrentou diversas epidemias, com mais de 16 milhões de casos registrados até o momento. Em 2023, sob a vigência do fenômeno climático El Niño registrou-se uma das maiores epidemias de dengue no país, com mais de 1,6 milhões de casos notificados. Temperaturas e pluviosidade mais elevadas em conjunto com a circulação simultânea dos quatro sorotipos do vírus da dengue aumentaram ainda mais o risco de disseminação da doença em 2024, especialmente em populações sem imunidade para alguns dos sorotipos. Diante deste quadro, o Ministério da Saúde promoveu várias ações para enfrentar a situação, incluindo a instalação de uma Sala Nacional de Arboviroses e um Comitê de Operações de Emergência, repasses financeiros para apoiar estados e municípios em ações contingenciais de vigilância e prevenção de doenças, com ênfase no enfrentamento das arboviroses e investimentos em inovações para o controle da dengue, como vacinação e o método Wolbachia. Ainda assim, o primeiro trimestre de 2024 registrou um número de casos suspeitos de dengue superior ao de 2023, destacando a necessidade de aprimoramentos no monitoramento da situação epidemiológica para detecção precoce de epidemias e da preparação dos serviços de saúde para o cuidado dos casos com sinais de gravidade. Após mais de 40 anos de epidemias recorrentes, o controle efetivo da dengue no país requer ações sustentadas de prevenção por meio de estratégias inovadoras, envolvendo esforços coordenados de todas as esferas da gestão em saúde, juntamente com a participação ativa da população. Ações estruturais para a melhoria na cobertura de saneamento básico e para mitigação dos efeitos das mudanças climá

Dengue has evolved from a disease restricted to a few countries into a serious global public health issue, affecting over 120 countries in recent years. In Brazil, after its reintroduction in 1981, the country has faced several epidemics, with over 16 million cases registered to date. In 2023, under the influence of the El Niño climatic phenomenon, one of the largest epidemics occurred in the country, with over 1.6 million cases reported. High temperatures and precipitation in line with the simultaneous circulation of all four serotypes of the dengue virus increased the risk of disease spread in 2024, especially in populations without immunity to some of the serotypes. In such a scenario, the Ministry of Health undertook various actions to address the situation, including the establishment of a National Arbovirus Situation Room and an Emergency Operations Commitee, financial support to assist states and municipalities in contingency actions for disease surveillance and prevention, with an emphasis on combating arboviruses, and investments in innovations for dengue control, such as vaccination and the Wolbachia method. However, the number of notified dengue cases in the first trimester of 2024 supplanted the whole year of 2023, highlighting the need for a more effective monitoring of the epidemiological situation for early outbreak detection and the preparation of health services for the care of cases with signs of severity. After more than 40 years of recurrent dengue epidemics, the effective control of dengue requires sustained preventive actions using innovative strategies, with coordinated efforts at all levels of health management, along with active participation of the population. Structural actions to improve basic sanitation coverage and to mitigate the effects of climate change are critical conditions for reducing the burden of dengue in the population.

BACKGROUND. The positive deviance approach has been used to identify infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices associated with a reduction in stunting, but this research is limited in South Africa (SA). OBJECTIVE. To identify strategies among positive deviant (PD) caregivers of non-stunted children aged 6 - 18 months that influence infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices and raise well-nourished children in two informal settlements in Harrismith. METHODS. This study employed a mixed-method design using a PD approach. Demographic questionnaires were administered to 28 purposefully sampled caregiver-child pairs to determine caregiver, child and household characteristics. Socioeconomic scores were obtained from these interviews and used to select six PD and six non-positive deviant (NPD) caregivers for semi-structured qualitative interviews between March and June 2019. RESULTS. Nutritional PD behaviours included consuming 'flesh foods' (meat) more often and practising responsive feeding and family eating. Non-nutritional PD behaviours included coping strategies involving health-seeking behaviour, financial strategy and social capital of caregivers. All caregivers displayed poor breastfeeding practices and an early introduction of solid foods. Primary healthcare nurses were reported to frequently provide breastfeeding advice from outdated prevention of mother-to-child transmission policy. CONCLUSIONS. Poor IYCF practices highlight the need for continued advocacy and promotion of IYCF in SA. Nutritional PD behaviours are key to health promotional messages relayed within the local community where the research was conducted. The presence of nutritional and non-nutritional PD behaviours highlights the need for a multi-sectoral response to addressing stunting and improving IYCF practices.

ABSTRACT The objective of this article is to analyze the two most important monetary laws that have been implemented in El Salvador, namely the Monetary Integration Law (MIL) and the Bitcoin Law. The most important articles of both laws will be analyzed, as well as the consequences of dollarization, and the possible advantages and risks associated with the adoption of Bitcoin as legal tender. Although this measure may have some positive aspects by encouraging financial innovation and facilitating remittances, the macroeconomic risk is very high due to the volatility of this cryptocurrency. So far no positive results have been achieved as the acceptance has been very low and there has been a depreciation of the asset in recent months. Salvador MIL (MIL analyzed dollarization tender remittances cryptocurrency months

RESUMO O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as duas leis monetárias mais importantes que têm sido implementadas em El Salvador, nomeadamente a Lei de Integração Monetária (MIL) e a Lei Bitcoin. Serão analisados os artigos mais importantes de ambas as leis, bem como as consequências da dolarização, e as possíveis vantagens e riscos associados à adopção da moeda de curso legal Bitcoin. Embora esta medida possa ter alguns aspectos positivos ao encorajar a inovação financeira e facilitar as remessas, o risco macroeconómico é muito elevado devido à volatilidade desta moeda criptográfica. Até agora não foram alcançados resultados positivos, uma vez que a aceitação tem sido muito baixa e tem havido uma depreciação do ativo nos últimos meses. Salvador MIL (MIL Bitcoin dolarização remessas criptográfica meses

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the frequency of obesity and cardiometabolic risk in schoolchildren under ten years old. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with schoolchildren (n=639) aged five to ten years in a municipally of southern of Brazil. The cardiometabolic risk was calculated from values of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), diastolic (DBP) and systolic blood pressure (SBP), blood glucose levels, triglycerides and total cholesterol (TC). Odds ratio (OR), Spearman correlation and principal component analysis (PCA) were analyzed. Results: Independent of sex, elevated WC and BMI were related to higher values of SBP, DBP, and TC in schoolchildren. The frequency of cardiometabolic risk was 6.0% in girls and 9.9% in boys. Schoolchildren with elevated values of SBP, triglycerides and TC presented high OR for cardiometabolic risk. PCA indicated that schoolchildren with high WC (p>80) presented more frequently altered glucose levels, triglycerides, and TC. Conclusions: Obesity, especially when associated with elevated WC, is related to metabolic dysfunctions and cardiometabolic risk in schoolchildren under ten years of age. These findings indicate the urgency of stablishing metabolic risk for this age group, enabling early diagnosis and adequate treatment, to prevent the development of diabetes and cardiovascular dysfunction throughout life. Objective old Methods crosssectional cross sectional n=639 n639 n 639 (n=639 Brazil BMI, , (BMI) (WC) DBP (DBP SBP (SBP) levels . (TC) OR, (OR) (PCA analyzed Results sex 60 6 0 6.0 99 9 9.9 boys p>80 p80 p 80 (p>80 Conclusions Obesity group treatment life n=63 n63 63 (n=63 (BMI (WC (SBP (TC (OR 6. 9. p>8 p8 8 (p>8 n=6 n6 (n=6 p> (p> n= (n= (p (n

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a frequência de obesidade e risco cardiometabólico em escolares menores de dez anos de idade. Métodos: Este é um estudo transversal com escolares (n=639) com idade de cinco a dez anos de um município do Sul do Brasil. O risco cardiometabólico foi calculado com base nos valores do índice de massa corpórea (IMC), circunferência da cintura (CC), pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) e diastólica (PAD), valores sanguíneos de glicose, triglicerídeos e colesterol total. Odds ratio (OR), correlação de Spearman e análise de componentes principais (PCA) foram obtidos. Resultados: Independentemente do sexo, CC e IMC aumentados foram relacionados com maiores valores de PAS, PAD e colesterol total. A frequência de risco cardiometabólico foi de 6,0% nas meninas e 9,9% nos meninos. Escolares com elevados valores de PAS, triglicerídeos e colesterol total tinham alto OR para risco cardiometabólico. A PCA mostrou que escolares com alta CC (p>80) apresentam mais frequentemente alterações nos níveis sanguíneos de glicose, triglicerídeos e colesterol total. Conclusões: A obesidade, especialmente quando associada a elevados valores de CC, está relacionada com disfunções metabólicas e risco cardiometabólico em escolares menores de dez anos de idade. Estes achados indicam a urgência de estabelecer o risco metabólico para essa faixa etária, possibilitando o diagnóstico precoce, o adequado tratamento para evitar o desenvolvimento de diabetes e disfunções cardiovasculares ao longo da vida. Objetivo Métodos n=639 n639 n 639 (n=639 Brasil IMC, , (IMC) (CC) PAS (PAS PAD, (PAD) glicose OR, (OR) (PCA obtidos Resultados sexo 60 6 0 6,0 99 9 9,9 meninos p>80 p80 p 80 (p>80 Conclusões etária precoce vida n=63 n63 63 (n=63 (IMC (CC (PAD (OR 6, 9, p>8 p8 8 (p>8 n=6 n6 (n=6 p> (p> n= (n= (p (n

ABSTRACT Introduction: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is the first-line therapy for temporary mechanical circulatory support allowing cardiac and pulmonary recovery or as a bridge to further therapeutic alternatives. The aim of this study was to report clinical outcomes in adult patients with refractory cardiac failure after open-heart surgery undergoing ECMO in a single center with an ECMO unit in Chile. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed adults with refractory cardiac failure after open-heart surgery who required a venoarterial (VA) ECMO between 2016 and 2021. Results: Of 16 patients with VA ECMO, 60% were men (n=10), 90% had hypertension (n=14), 69% had < 30% of left ventricular ejection fraction (n=11), and the mean European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation II score was 12 ± 11%. ECMO support with central cannulation accounts for 81% (n=13), and an intra-aortic balloon pump was used in nine patients (56%). The mean time of support was 4.7 ± 2.6 days (1.5 - 12 days). ECMO weaning was achieved in 88% of patients, and in-hospital mortality was 44% (n=7) after discharge. The freedom from all-cause mortality at one year of follow-up of the entire cohort was 38% (n=6). Conclusion: VA ECMO is now a well-known life-saving therapeutic option, but mortality and morbidity remain high. Implementation of an ECMO program with educational training is mandatory in order to find the proper balance between patient benefits, ethical considerations, and public health financial input in South America. Introduction (ECMO firstline first line alternatives openheart open heart Chile Methods (VA 201 2021 Results 1 60 n=10, n10 n n=10 , 10 (n=10) 90 n=14, n14 n=14 14 (n=14) 69 30 n=11, n11 n=11 11 (n=11) 11% 81 n=13, n13 n=13 13 (n=13) intraaortic intra aortic 56%. 56 56% . (56%) 47 4 7 4. 26 2 6 2. 1.5 15 5 (1. days. days) 88 inhospital hospital 44 n=7 n7 (n=7 discharge allcause all cause followup follow up 38 n=6. n6 n=6 (n=6) Conclusion wellknown well known lifesaving life saving option high benefits considerations America 20 202 n1 n=1 (n=10 9 (n=14 3 (n=11 8 (n=13 (56% 1. (1 n= (n= (n=6 (n=1 (56 ( (n (5

RESUMEN Objetivo: Describir el perfil de los tutores de enseñanza-aprendizaje de los servicios de salud pública e investigar los temas de mayor interés en espacios de desarrollo de estos actores. Método: Se trata de un estudio transversal con Tutores Elegibles de Planificación de la atención en salud; con datos recopilados mediante cuestionario electrónico de preguntas cerradas sobre características sociodemográficas, formación y actuación. Se utilizó la prueba de Chi-cuadrado para comparar las proporciones según las tipologías del tutor. Resultados: Se consideraron 614 tutores que trabajaban en las cinco regiones geográficas del Brasil, la mayoría en Atención Primaria (82%), seguido de actuación estatal/regional (13%) y Atención Ambulatoria Especializada (5%). La mayoría declaró ser mujer, de piel morena, del ámbito de la enfermería, con menos de un año de actuación como tutora y sin experiencia previa como preceptora o similar. Los temas más importantes fueron las Redes de la Atención en Salud, la estratificación del riesgo de las enfermedades crónicas y el papel de la Atención Ambulatoria Especializada. Conclusión: Se identificó el predominio de ciertas características entre los tutores, distintas según los tipos de actuación. Las conclusiones pueden servir de apoyo a los gestores en el proceso de selección y desarrollo de los tutores en Planificación. Objetivo enseñanzaaprendizaje enseñanza aprendizaje actores Método sociodemográficas Chicuadrado Chi cuadrado tutor Resultados 61 Brasil 82%, 82 82% , (82%) estatalregional estatal regional 13% 13 (13% 5%. 5 5% . (5%) mujer morena enfermería similar Salud Conclusión 6 8 (82% 1 (13 (5% (82 (1 (5 (8 (

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the profile of teaching-learning tutors in public health services and investigate which topics are of greatest interest in development spaces for these actors. Method: Cross-sectional study. Eligible tutors of Health Care Planning. Data collection using an electronic questionnaire composed of closed questions on sociodemographic characteristics, training and performance. Chi-square test used to compare proportions according to tutor typologies. Results: A total of 614 tutors worked in Brazil’s five geographic regions, the majority in primary care (82%), followed by state/regional work (13%) and specialized outpatient care (5%). The majority reported being female, of brown skin color, from the nursing field, having worked as a tutor for less than a year, and with no previous experience in preceptorship or similar. The most important topics were Health Care Networks, risk stratification for chronic conditions and the functions of specialized outpatient care. Conclusion: The predominance of certain characteristics among tutors was identified, with differences between the types of work. The findings can support managers in the process of selecting and developing tutors in Health Care Planning. Objective teachinglearning teaching learning actors Method Crosssectional Cross sectional study Planning performance Chisquare Chi square typologies Results 61 Brazils Brazil s regions 82%, 82 82% , (82%) stateregional state regional 13% 13 (13% 5%. 5 5% . (5%) female color field year similar Networks Conclusion identified 6 8 (82% 1 (13 (5% (82 (1 (5 (8 (

RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever o perfil de tutores de ensino-aprendizagem em serviços públicos de saúde e investigar quais são os temas de maior interesse em espaços de desenvolvimento desses atores. Método: Estudo transversal. Elegíveis tutores da Planificação da Atenção à Saúde. Coleta de dados por questionário eletrônico composto por questões fechadas sobre características sociodemográficas, formação e atuação. Teste Qui-quadrado utilizado para comparar proporções segundo tipologias de tutor. Resultados: Considerados 614 tutores, que atuavam nas cinco regiões geográficas brasileiras, sendo a maioria na Atenção Primária (82%), seguido por atuação estadual/regional (13%) e na Atenção Ambulatorial Especializada (5%). A maioria referiu ser mulher, de cor da pele parda, da área de enfermagem, atuação como tutor há menos de 1 ano, e sem experiência prévia em preceptoria ou similar. Temas considerados mais importantes destacam-se Redes de Atenção à Saúde, estratificação de risco de condições crônicas e funções da Atenção Ambulatorial Especializada. Conclusão: Identificou-se a predominância de algumas características entre tutores, com diferenças entre as tipologias de atuação. Os achados podem apoiar gestores no processo de seleção e desenvolvimento de tutores na Planificação. Objetivo ensinoaprendizagem ensino aprendizagem atores Método transversal Saúde sociodemográficas Quiquadrado Qui quadrado Resultados 61 brasileiras 82%, 82 82% , (82%) estadualregional estadual regional 13% 13 (13% 5%. 5 5% . (5%) mulher parda enfermagem ano similar destacamse destacam se Conclusão Identificouse Identificou 6 8 (82% (13 (5% (82 (1 (5 (8 (

ABSTRACT The objective of this article is to investigate the influence of CEO narcissistic personality traits on the indebtedness of Brazilian non-financial companies listed on the B3. Other research on narcissistic traits has focused on their impact on the profitability of organizations. Thus, this study aims to fill the gap in understanding the impact of CEO narcissistic traits on companies' debt decisions and their determinants by including a psychological characteristic. This research is relevant because it helps academics, business professionals and policymakers to identify patterns and trends that could warn of possible financial crises. The impact of this article is related to the evidence on the effects of hiring narcissistic CEOs on indebtedness, since understanding the interaction between the CEO's profile and the company's financial decisions can provide practical guidelines for risk management and informed decision making, thus contributing to the field of business strategy and corporate finance. A sample of 299 non-financial companies was analyzed from 2011 to 2020, using data from the Economática database, annual reports, integrated reports, sustainability reports and management reports. Two proxies were used to measure narcissistic personality traits, based on the CEO's signature and the prominence of his or her photo. Indebtedness was measured by the following indicators: onerous, total, short-term and long-term debt. The results show that the greater the narcissistic traits of the CEOs, the greater the indebtedness of the organizations. This contributes to a deeper understanding of the factors that influence companies' financial decisions, since identifying the factors that lead to risky debt decisions can enable the implementation of preventive measures and more effective risk management strategies. nonfinancial non B3 B organizations Thus characteristic academics crises s companys company making finance 29 201 2020 database photo indicators onerous total shortterm short term longterm long strategies 2 20 202

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é investigar a influência dos traços de personalidade narcisista dos CEOs no endividamento das empresas brasileiras não financeiras listadas na B3. Pesquisas sobre os traços narcisistas têm como temática principal o impacto na rentabilidade das organizações. Desse modo, este trabalho visa preencher a lacuna da compreensão das implicações dos traços narcisistas dos CEOs nas decisões de endividamento das empresas e dos seus determinantes ao inserir uma característica psicológica. Esta pesquisa se torna relevante pois ajuda acadêmicos, profissionais de negócios e formuladores de políticas a identificarem padrões e tendências que possam alertar para possíveis crises financeiras. O impacto causado por este artigo está relacionado às evidências acerca dos efeitos que a contratação de CEOs narcisistas ocasionam no endividamento, pois compreender a interação entre o perfil do CEO e as escolhas financeiras da empresa pode fornecer orientações práticas para a gestão de riscos e tomadas de decisão informadas, contribuindo assim para o campo da estratégia empresarial e finanças corporativas. Foi utilizada uma amostra de 299 empresas não financeiras, analisadas de 2011 a 2020, com dados da base da Economatica, Relatórios Anuais, Relatos Integrados, Relatórios de Sustentabilidade e Relatórios da Administração. Para mensurar os traços de personalidade narcisista utilizou-se duas proxies, baseadas na assinatura e na proeminência da fotografia do CEO. O endividamento foi medido pelos indicadores: endividamento oneroso, total, de curto e longo prazo. Os resultados apontam que quanto maior os traços narcisistas dos CEOs maior será o endividamento das organizações, contribuindo para compreensão aprofundada dos fatores que influenciam as decisões financeiras das empresas, uma vez que identificar os fatores que levam a decisões arriscadas de endividamento pode permitir a implementação de medidas preventivas e estratégias de gestão de risco mais eficazes. B3 B organizações modo psicológica acadêmicos informadas corporativas 29 201 2020 Economatica Anuais Integrados Administração utilizouse utilizou proxies indicadores oneroso total prazo eficazes 2 20 202

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis, characterized by decreased bone density and increased fracture risk, imposes significant physical, psychosocial, and financial burdens. Early detection and prevention are crucial for managing osteoporosis and reducing the risk of fractures. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the relationship between Hepatitis A seropositivity and bone mineral density (BMD) in adolescents and adults and to explore the potential link between Hepatitis A infection and osteoporosis risk. DESIGN AND SETTING: This cross-sectional study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2011 to 2018 to evaluate the association between hepatitis A seropositivity and BMD in 15,693 participants. METHODS: Multivariable regression analysis was used to calculate the mean BMD and standard error for adolescents and adults, followed by an independent z-test to determine whether there was a significant difference between the seropositive and seronegative groups. RESULTS: Hepatitis A seropositive adolescents and adults had lower BMD than their seronegative counterparts, with significant differences in lumber spine (mean difference = -0.03 g/cm2, P < 0.01 for both age groups) and pelvis BMDs (mean difference = -0.02 g/cm2, P < 0.01 for the adult age groups), after adjusting for various covariates. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirmed that both adolescent and adult individuals seropositive for Hepatitis A antibodies had reduced BMD among both adolescents and adults, especially in the adult group. This finding suggests a possible link between Hepatitis A infection and risk of osteoporosis. BACKGROUND Osteoporosis physical psychosocial burdens fractures OBJECTIVES (BMD SETTING crosssectional cross sectional NHANES (NHANES 201 15693 15 693 15,69 participants METHODS ztest z test groups RESULTS counterparts 0.03 003 0 03 -0.0 gcm2 gcm g cm2 cm g/cm2 001 01 0.0 0.02 002 02 groups, , covariates CONCLUSIONS group 20 1569 1 69 15,6 00 -0. g/cm 0. 2 156 6 15, -0 -

Abstract: The objective of this study is to present reasons for archiving websites through use cases of web archives and web archiving. It is characterized as exploratory research that adopts the bibliographic and documentary method based on a literature review on the subject. Content analysis was applied to the review of current national and international scientific productions in Information Science, as well as official websites, policies, and guidelines of web archives around the world. It was concluded that there are broader motivations for institutions to develop web archives, including, among such motivations, the urgency of preserving web content, due to the risk of losing this content, thus safeguarding the digital heritage produced by nations and the countless cases of use of web archives. In addition, however, the issue of legislation is effectively recognized, which can oblige and encourage these initiatives, granting the right and protection of these contents to institutions, delegating the functions of capturing, sheltering, and archiving web materials, whether in the role of a legal depository, aiming to: preserve social memory; or, for regulatory compliance and support in legal proceedings. Understanding the insights provided by web archives justifies, to a certain extent, future financial, political, scientific, etc. investments in digital preservation and web archiving, especially in countries that do not have a national web archive, as in this case from Brazil. Abstract subject Science policies world including content addition however recognized initiatives capturing sheltering materials depository memory or proceedings justifies extent financial political etc archive Brazil

Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo é apresentar razões para se arquivar sites por meio de casos de uso de arquivos da web e de arquivamento da web. Caracteriza-se como uma pesquisa exploratória que adota o método bibliográfico e documental a partir de uma revisão de literatura sobre o assunto. Aplicou-se a análise de conteúdo da revisão de produções científicas atuais nacionais e internacionais da Ciência da Informação, assim como, de sites oficiais, políticas e diretrizes de arquivos da web no mundo. Concluiu-se que há motivações mais abrangentes para que instituições desenvolvam os arquivos da web, incluindo-se, dentre tais motivações, a urgência de se preservar conteúdos web, devido ao risco de perda desse conteúdo, salvaguardando, dessa maneira, o patrimônio digital produzido por nações, e os inúmeros casos de uso dos arquivos da web. Complementarmente, no entanto, reconhece-se, efetivamente, a questão da legislação, que pode obrigar e estimular essas iniciativas, conferindo o direito e a proteção desses conteúdos às instituições, delegando-lhes as funções de captura, abrigo e arquivamento dos materiais web, seja no papel de um depositário legal, visando: preservação da memória social; ou, por conformidade normativa, e apoio em processos judiciais. Entender os insights providos pelos arquivos da web justificam, em certa medida, os futuros investimentos financeiros, políticos, científicos, etc., na preservação digital e arquivamento da web, sobretudo, em países que não detêm um arquivo da web nacional, como no caso do Brasil. Resumo Caracterizase Caracteriza assunto Aplicouse Aplicou Informação oficiais mundo Concluiuse Concluiu incluindose, incluindose incluindo se, incluindo-se salvaguardando maneira nações Complementarmente entanto reconhecese, reconhecese reconhece reconhece-se efetivamente legislação iniciativas delegandolhes delegando lhes captura legal visando social ou normativa judiciais justificam medida financeiros políticos científicos etc etc. sobretudo nacional Brasil

ABSTRACT Introduction: Advances in medicine have provided the possibility of organs and tissues transplantation for therapeutic purposes. Transplant patients, in addition to immunosuppressive therapy, mostly undergo treatment for other comorbidities, and this polypharmacy makes the role of the pharmacist extremely important to ensure patient safety and adherence. Through pharmaceutical recommendations, the professional can reduce morbidity and mortality and thus reduce healthcare costs. Methods: This is an observational, retrospective descriptive study, carried out from January 2021 to December 2022, aiming to analyze the economic impact of pharmaceutical recommendations made in a liver transplant unit of an university hospital. Data collection took place from May to August 2023 through the institution’s clinical pharmacy database. The economic impact was classified as effectiveness increased (EI), cost reduction (RC), and avoided risk (AR) calculated through a methodology developed and adapted to the study’s reality. Medication acquisition costs were verified through the hospital’s own system, and the values were adjusted according to inflation in June 2023. Results: A total of 363 pharmaceutical recommendations (PR) were conducted, of which the EI represented 64% (n = 231), followed by RC (20%, n = 72) and risk avoided (16%, n = 60). The total resulting value corrected by the Índice Nacional de Preços ao Consumidor Amplo (IPCA) was R$ 179,223.31, with the AE at R$ 140,414.04 and the RC at R$ 38,809.27. Conclusion: The importance of the clinical pharmacist in the multidisciplinary team is evident through the improvement of patient monitoring and health condition management. Through this study, we can perceive that the PR presented had a considerable financial impact, and, through the optimization of pharmacotherapy for transplant patients, an increase in therapeutic EI was obtained. The importance of developing further studies showing the impact of the quality of care provided by the pharmacy’s performance is clear, to further highlight the importance of this field for healthcare assistance. Introduction purposes patients therapy comorbidities adherence Methods observational study 202 2022 hospital institutions institution s database EI, , (EI) RC, (RC) AR (AR studys reality hospitals system Results 36 (PR conducted 64 231, 231 231) 20%, 20 (20% 72 16%, 16 (16% 60. 60 . 60) IPCA (IPCA R 17922331 179 223 31 179,223.31 14041404 140 414 04 140,414.0 3880927 38 809 27 38,809.27 Conclusion management obtained pharmacys clear assistance (EI (RC 3 6 23 20% 2 (20 7 16% 1 (16 1792233 17 22 179,223.3 1404140 14 41 0 140,414. 388092 80 38,809.2 (2 (1 179223 179,223. 140414 4 140,414 38809 8 38,809. ( 17922 179,223 14041 140,41 3880 38,809 1792 179,22 1404 140,4 388 38,80 179,2 140, 38,8 179, 38,

RESUMO Introdução: Os avanços na medicina proporcionaram a possibilidade do transplante de órgãos e tecidos para fins terapêuticos. Os pacientes transplantados, além da terapia imunossupressora, fazem, em sua maioria, tratamento para outras comorbidade e essa polifarmácia faz com que o papel do farmacêutico seja de extrema importância para garantir a segurança e a adesão do paciente. Por meio das recomendações farmacêuticas (RF), o profissional consegue reduzir a morbimortalidade e o tempo de internação, assim como os custos de saúde. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo observacional, descritivo retrospectivo, realizado no período de janeiro de 2021 a dezembro de 2022, que tem por objetivo analisar o impacto econômico das recomendações farmacêuticas realizadas em uma unidade de transplante hepático de um hospital universitário. A coleta de dados ocorreu no período de maio a agosto de 2023 com auxílio do banco de dados da farmácia clínica da instituição. O impacto econômico foi classificado como aumento de efetividade (AE), redução de custo (RC) e risco evitado (RE), calculados por uma metodologia desenvolvida e adaptada à realidade do estudo. Os custos relacionados à aquisição dos medicamentos foram verificados mediante o sistema próprio do hospital e os valores foram ajustados de acordo com a inflação de junho de 2023. Resultados: Foram realizadas 363 RF, das quais o AE representou 64% (n = 231), seguido por RC (20%, n = 72) e RE (16%, n = 60). O valor total resultante corrigido pelo Índice Nacional de Preços ao Consumidor Amplo (IPCA) foi de R$ 179.223,31, sendo o valor do RE de R$ 140.414,04 e da RC de R$ 38.809,27. Conclusão: A importância do farmacêutico clínico na equipe multidisciplinar é evidente por meio da melhoria do acompanhamento dos pacientes, da monitorização e da gestão da condição de saúde. Por intermédio deste estudo podemos perceber que as RF apresentadas obtiveram impacto financeiro considerável e obteve-se, pela otimização da farmacoterapia dos pacientes transplantados, uma AE terapêutica. Percebe-se, ainda, a importância de se desenvolverem mais estudos que mostrem o impacto da qualidade assistencial proporcionada pela atuação da farmácia clínica, para que seja possível destacar a importância dessa seara para a assistência em saúde. Introdução terapêuticos transplantados imunossupressora fazem maioria paciente , (RF) internação saúde Métodos Tratase Trata observacional retrospectivo 202 2022 universitário instituição AE, (AE) (RC RE, (RE) Resultados 36 64 231, 231 231) 20%, 20 (20% 72 16%, 16 (16% 60. 60 . 60) IPCA (IPCA R 17922331 179 223 31 179.223,31 14041404 140 414 04 140.414,0 3880927 38 809 27 38.809,27 Conclusão obtevese, obtevese obteve se, obteve-se terapêutica Percebese, Percebese Percebe Percebe-se ainda (RF (AE (RE 3 6 23 20% 2 (20 7 16% 1 (16 1792233 17 22 179.223,3 1404140 14 41 0 140.414, 388092 80 38.809,2 (2 (1 179223 179.223, 140414 4 140.414 38809 8 38.809, ( 17922 179.223 14041 140.41 3880 38.809 1792 179.22 1404 140.4 388 38.80 179.2 140. 38.8 179. 38.