Abstract (Introduction): Within the framework of the present capitalist system, human beings have become an important polluting agent. Current production and consumption processes do not consider the existence of finite natural resources and a planet incapable of treating the waste that the prevailing way of life generates. Given these circumstances, the study of non-linear models is of interest, which make a more rational use of the waste that the productive activity generates, favoring recycling mechanisms. The phenomenon of recycling becomes particularly relevant in the case of electrical and electronic devices, whose ability to be degraded and metabolized by planet Earth is extremely difficult. (Objective): Evaluate the feasibility of installing and starting a recycling plant for electrical and electronics items in the town of Bahía Blanca (Argentina), during 2021. (Methodology): The conventional method for evaluating investment projects was used, considering technical, legal and economic aspects. (Results): The project is not acceptable according to the profitability intended by the investor. The possibility of financing was also included, which made the project even less profitable, and the sensitivity of the results was measured, finding that the price should be 1.48 % higher than that used in the analysis. (Conclusions): Other alternatives must be explored to make this proposal profitable from an economic and financial point of view.

Resumen (Introducción): En el marco del sistema capitalista vigente, el ser humano se ha transformado en un agente significativo de contaminación. Las dinámicas productivas y de consumo actuales no contemplan la existencia de recursos naturales finitos y de un planeta incapaz de procesar los desperdicios que el modo de vida habitual genera. Dadas estas circunstancias, cobra interés el estudio de modelos no lineales, que hagan un uso más racional de los residuos derivados de la actividad productiva, los cuales favorezcan mecanismos de reciclaje. El fenómeno del reciclaje se vuelve, en particular, relevante para el caso de los artefactos eléctricos y electrónicos; la capacidad del planeta Tierra para degradarlos y metabolizarlos resulta sumamente difícil. (Objetivo): Evaluar la factibilidad de la instalación y puesta en marcha de una planta recicladora de artículos eléctricos y electrónicos en la localidad de Bahía Blanca (Argentina), durante el 2021. (Metodología): Se utilizó la metodología convencional de evaluación de proyectos de inversión, considerando aspectos técnicos, legales y económicos. (Resultados): El proyecto no es aceptable según la rentabilidad pretendida por el inversor. También se incluyó la posibilidad de un financiamiento, lo que hizo que el plan fuera menos rentable aún, y se midió la sensibilidad de los resultados: se halló que el precio debiera ser 1.48 % superior al utilizado en el análisis. (Conclusiones): Se deben explorar otras alternativas para lograr que el proyecto sea rentable desde el punto de vista económico-financiero.

ABSTRACT: The environmental regulation of continental fish farming in Brazil is closely linked to land occupation and use. Areas used for this activity are mostly located in permanent preservation areas (PPA), close to rivers and springs, demonstrating the necessity of regulating this activity for its compliance with public policy. Santa Catarina is a leading state in fish farming and one of the first to regulate the use of PPAs. The feasibility of a proposal for environmental compensation to regularize the use of PPAs in Santa Catarina for fish farming; was therefore, assessed. The results showed that 74% of the fish farms analyzed need to regularize the occupation of production structures in PPAs. Regarding the proposed index of compensation for use in PPAs, the environmental compensation factor (ECF), through evaluation of the individual maps and subsequent integrated evaluation, all the fish farms identified with environmental liabilities in occupation had ratios of 1:2 and 1:3, and this index is a viable alternative for environmental regularization of the activity. It was further proposed that ECF be applied to small fish farms of up to four fiscal modules and that they have a standard minimum occupancy profile in relation to the total area of the property, as assessed in the present study. ABSTRACT PPA, PPA , (PPA) springs policy therefore 74 ECF, (ECF) 12 1 2 1: 13, 13 3, 3 1:3 property study (PPA 7 (ECF

RESUMO: A regularização ambiental da piscicultura continental no Brasil está intimamente ligada à ocupação e uso do solo, as áreas utilizadas para a atividade estão em sua maioria inseridas em áreas de preservação permanente (APP), próximas a rios e nascentes. Esse cenário demonstra a relação entre a atividade e o cumprimento da lei, referente às questões florestais no país. Santa Catarina é um dos estados líderes na piscicultura e um dos primeiros a regulamentar o uso de áreas de preservação permanente (APPs). Assim, foi avaliada a viabilidade de uma proposta de compensação ambiental para regularizar o uso de APPs em Santa Catarina para a piscicultura. Os resultados mostraram que 74% das pisciculturas analisadas precisam regularizar a ocupação das estruturas de produção em APPs. Com relação ao índice proposto de compensação pelo uso em APP, o fator de compensação ambiental (FCA), por meio da avaliação dos mapas individuais e posterior avaliação integrada, todas as pisciculturas identificadas com passivos ambientais em ocupação apresentavam relações de 1:2 e 1:3, sendo este índice uma alternativa viável para a regularização ambiental da atividade. No entanto, propõe-se que o ECF seja aplicado a pequenas pisciculturas, de até quatro módulos fiscais e que tenham um perfil de ocupação mínima padrão em relação à área total da propriedade, conforme avaliado no presente estudo. RESUMO solo APP , (APP) nascentes lei país . (APPs) Assim 74 FCA, FCA (FCA) integrada 12 1 2 1: 13, 13 3, 3 1:3 entanto propõese propõe se propriedade estudo (APP (APPs 7 (FCA

ABSTRACT The sorghum crop is considered one of the most important worldwide due to its versatility. However, water stress can be considered a significant threat to its yield. The search for products that mitigate water stress is a crucial area of research in agriculture and water resources management. Thus, the objective in this study was to evaluate the feasibility of using salicylic acid as a water stress attenuator in sorghum. The experiment was conducted in a screened environment in a randomized block design with a 4 × 2 factorial scheme, with four replicates. Four levels of water (40, 60, 80, and 100% of evapotranspiration) and two concentrations of salicylic acid (0 and 2.76 g L-1) were evaluated. Plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, gas exchange, photosynthetic pigments, and chlorophyll a fluorescence were analyzed. Application of deficit irrigation depths reduced plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, and total chlorophyll in sorghum. However, when these depths were associated with salicylic acid, it was observed that the damage was attenuated, especially in chlorophyll a and b. Furthermore, salicylic acid reduced leaf temperature and increased water use efficiency when applied alone. Thus, salicylic acid can be used to mitigate the effects of salt stress on sorghum plants. versatility However yield management Thus scheme replicates 40, 40 (40 60 80 100 evapotranspiration 0 ( 276 76 2.7 L1 L 1 L-1 evaluated height diameter leaves exchange pigments analyzed attenuated b Furthermore alone plants (4 6 8 10 27 7 2. L-

RESUMO A cultura do sorgo é considerada uma das mais importantes do mundo devido a sua versatilidade de utilização. No entanto, o estresse hídrico pode ser considerado uma ameaça significativa para sua produtividade. A busca por produtos mitigadores do estresse hídrico é uma área de pesquisa crucial na agricultura e na gestão de recursos hídricos. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a viabilidade do uso do ácido salicílico como atenuante de estresse hídrico na cultura do sorgo. O experimento foi conduzido em ambiente telado, em delineamento em blocos ao acaso com esquema fatorial 4 × 2, com quatro repetições. Foram avaliados quatro níveis hídricos (40, 60, 80 e 100% da evapotranspiração) e duas concentrações de ácido salicílico (0 e 2,76 g L-1). Foram analisados a altura das plantas, diâmetro do caule, número de folhas, trocas gasosas, pigmentos fotossintéticos e fluorescência da clorofila a. A aplicação de lâminas de irrigação deficitárias reduziu a altura da planta, diâmetro do colmo, número de folhas e clorofila total no sorgo. No entanto, quando essas lâminas foram associadas ao ácido salicílico, foi observado que houve atenuação dos danos, especialmente em relação a clorofila a e b. Além disso, o ácido salicílico quando aplicado isoladamente, contribuiu para redução da temperatura da folha e aumento da eficiência de uso da água. Assim, o ácido salicílico pode ser usado para mitigar os efeitos do estresse salino em plantas de sorgo. utilização entanto produtividade Assim telado 2 repetições 40, 40 (40 60 8 100 evapotranspiração 0 ( 276 76 2,7 L1. L1 L 1 . L-1) caule gasosas planta colmo danos b disso isoladamente água (4 6 10 27 7 L-1 L-

ABSTRACT: One of the causes of productivity loss in sugarcane cultivation has been associated with the species Diatraea saccharalis, also known as the sugarcane borer. Therefore, this study evaluated the feasibility of using hyperspectral sensors to obtain the leaf spectral response of sugarcane in different periods of infestation at leaf and canopy levels to diagnose D. saccharalis damage in advance. The study included three varieties of sugarcane: CTC9003BT, CTC4, and RB966928. The insecticide Altacor® was used to control pestsin half of the plots. Data collection occurred at the following stages: sprouting, tillering, stalke longation, and early maturation. Data regarding relative water content (RWC), leaf spectral signature in the laboratory and canopy, vegetation indices (NDVI and MCARI), productivity, purity, and total recoverable sugar (TRS) were collected to evaluate the borer effects on the sugarcane crop. The highest RWC was observed for CTC9003BT (60.15%) without insecticide and 59.0% with insecticide. The visible (400-680 nm) and near-infrared (750-1300 nm) spectral bands identified spectral variations in plants with and without sugarcane borer. The percentage of sugarcane borer showed high and negative correlations between productivity, NDVI, and TRS, with coefficients of -0.68, -0.76, and -0.76, respectively. The NDVI and MCARI indices effectively detect plants under stress, but their variation is influenced by multiple factors, making it difficult to associate them with a single problem (sugarcane borer). ABSTRACT Therefore D advance CTCBT CTC BT CTC4 RB966928 RB Altacor plots stages sprouting tillering longation maturation RWC, , (RWC) MCARI, MCARI) purity TRS (TRS crop 60.15% 6015 60 15 (60.15% 590 59 0 59.0 400680 400 680 (400-68 nm nearinfrared near infrared 7501300 750 1300 (750-130 0.68, 068 68 -0.68 0.76, 076 76 -0.76 respectively stress factors . borer) RB96692 (RWC 60.15 601 6 1 (60.15 5 59. 40068 40 (400-6 750130 75 130 (750-13 0.68 06 -0.6 0.76 07 7 -0.7 RB9669 60.1 (60.1 4006 4 (400- 75013 13 (750-1 0.6 -0. 0.7 RB966 60. (60. (400 7501 (750- 0. -0 RB96 (60 (40 (750 - RB9 (6 (4 (75 ( (7

RESUMO: Uma das causas de perda de produtividade em lavouras de cana está associada à espécie Diatraea saccharalis, também conhecida por broca da cana. Portanto, este estudo avaliou a viabilidade do uso de sensores hiperespectrais para obter a resposta espectral foliar da cana-de-açúcar em diferentes períodos de infestações, tanto a nível foliar quanto dossel, a fim de diagnosticar antecipadamente os danos da Diatraea saccharalis. O estudo contou com três variedades de cana-de-açúcar: CTC9003BT, CTC4 e RB966928. Em metade das parcelas foi utilizado o inseticida Altacor® para o controle de pragas. As coletas de dados ocorreram nas fases: brotação, perfilhamento, crescimento de colmos e início da maturação. Para avaliar os efeitos da broca na cana foi coletado os dados referentes ao conteúdo relativo de água (CRA), assinatura espectral foliar em laboratório e dossel, índices de vegetação (NDVI e MCARI), produtividade, pureza e ATR (Açúcar Total Recuperável). O maior CRA encontrado foi para a CTC9003BT (60,15%) sem inseticida e 59,0% com inseticida. As faixas espectrais do visível (400-680 nm) e infravermelho próximo (750-1300 nm) identificaram variações espectrais nas plantas com e sem broca. O percentual de broca apresentou correlações altas e negativas entre a produtividade, NDVI e ATR, com coeficientes de -0,68, -0,76 e -0,76, respectivamente. Os índices NDVI e MCARI foram eficazes na detecção de plantas sob estresse, contudo, sua variação é influenciada por múltiplos fatores, sendo difícil associá-los a um único problema (broca). RESUMO saccharalis Portanto canadeaçúcar açúcar infestações dossel CTCBT CTC BT RB966928 RB Altacor pragas fases brotação perfilhamento maturação CRA, , (CRA) MCARI, MCARI) Açúcar Recuperável. Recuperável . Recuperável) 60,15% 6015 60 15 (60,15% 590 59 0 59,0 400680 400 680 (400-68 nm 7501300 750 1300 (750-130 0,68, 068 68 -0,68 0,76 076 76 -0,7 0,76, respectivamente estresse contudo fatores associálos associá los (broca) RB96692 (CRA 60,15 601 6 1 (60,15 5 59, 40068 40 (400-6 750130 75 130 (750-13 0,68 06 -0,6 0,7 07 7 -0, (broca RB9669 60,1 (60,1 4006 4 (400- 75013 13 (750-1 0,6 0, -0 RB966 60, (60, (400 7501 (750- - RB96 (60 (40 (750 RB9 (6 (4 (75 ( (7

Abstract The improper disposal of this waste poses environmental challenges, which can be addressed through effective reuse strategies. This study aims to explore the potential of utilizing marine shell waste as partial substitutes for aggregates in concrete. The research involves investigating the physical characteristics of the recycled aggregate using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) techniques to elucidate the contact surface with the paste. Additionally, chemical and mineralogical characteristics are analyzed through X-ray fluorescence and X-ray diffraction tests. The compressive strength test is conducted on concrete samples to assess the performance of these materials as both aggregate (shell type A) and filler (shell type B). The findings indicate that replacing up to 20% of marine shells as coarse aggregate and 10% as filler demonstrates feasibility for applications in structural concrete. Furthermore, up to 30% replacement can be directed towards non-structural concrete, providing a comprehensive understanding of the potential applications of marine shell residues in concrete production. challenges strategies AFM (AFM SEM (SEM paste Additionally Xray X ray tests A B. B . B) 20 10 Furthermore 30 nonstructural non production 2 1 3

Resumo As atividades de mariscagem e malacocultura produzem uma grande quantidade de resíduos sólidos compostos por conchas marinhas. O impacto ambiental do descarte inadequado pode ser atenuado com estratégias de reaproveitamento. O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar a viabilidade do uso de resíduo de conchas marinhas com substituintes parciais de agregados no concreto. As características físicas do agregado reciclado foram investigadas através das técnicas de Microscopia de Força Atômica (MFA) e Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura (MEV) a fim de esclarecer aspectos da superfície de contato com a pasta; as características químicas e mineralógicas foram investigadas por meio dos ensaios de fluorescência de raios-X e difração de raios-X; e o ensaio de resistência à compressão foi conduzido em amostras de concreto foram moldadas para avaliação do comportamento destes materiais do comportamento destes materiais como agregado (concha tipo A) e fíler (concha tipo B). Concluiu-se que o uso de até 20% de substituição de concha marinha como agregado graúdo e 10% como filer mostrou viabilidade para aplicações em concretos estruturais e, de forma complementar, teores de até 30% podem ser direcionados à concretos não estruturais. reaproveitamento MFA (MFA MEV (MEV pasta raiosX raios X A B. B . B) Concluiuse Concluiu se 20 10 complementar 30 2 1 3

Resumo Analisou-se a viabilidade técnica e ambiental da Erythrina poeppigiana para produzir compensados com os adesivos: fenol-formaldeído (FF); uréia-formaldeído (UF) e poliuretano à base de mamona (PU). Avaliou-se as propriedades física e mecânica: densidade aparente, teor de umidade, absorção de água, inchamento em espessura, resistência ao cisalhamento e flexão estática. Os testes apontaram a viabilidade da eritrina para produção de compensados não estruturais. A avaliação ambiental, através dos indicadores, quantificação da energia embutida e emissão de CO 2 e, demonstrou que os pain compensado produzido com adesivo PU teve melhor desempenho que os painéis com FF e UF. O tratamento T1 (FF) apresentou maior energia embutida, o T2 (UF) a maior emissão de CO 2 e. A viabilidade técnica e ambiental da eritrina para produzir compensados pode promover o desenvolvimento socioeconômico regional, ambientalmente sustentável, com vantagens em relação aos compensados estrangeiros, bem como ao desempenho ambiental. Analisouse Analisou se adesivos fenolformaldeído fenol formaldeído uréiaformaldeído uréia UF (UF PU. . (PU) Avaliouse Avaliou mecânica aparente umidade água espessura estática estruturais indicadores T (FF regional sustentável estrangeiros (PU

Abstract The study analyzed the technical and environmental feasibility of using Erythrina poeppigiana to produce plywood with different adhesives: phenol-formaldehyde (PF), urea-formaldehyde (UF), and castor oil-based polyurethane (PUA). The physical and mechanical properties of the plywood were evaluated, including apparent density, moisture content, water absorption, thickness swelling, shear resistance, and static bending. Tests proved erythrina’s suitability for non-structural plywood production. The environmental impact of the production process was also evaluated, using embedded energy and CO2e emissions as indicators. The results showed that plywood produced with PU adhesive had better environmental performance compared to panels with FF and UF adhesives. T1 treatment (PF) had the highest embodied energy, while T2 (UF) had the highest CO2e emission. Overall, the study suggests that using erythrina to produce plywood can be a viable option for promoting regional socioeconomic development while also being environmentally sustainable and presents an advantage over foreign plywood in terms of environmental performance. adhesives phenolformaldehyde phenol formaldehyde PF, PF , ureaformaldehyde urea UF, oilbased oil based PUA. PUA . (PUA) evaluated density content absorption swelling resistance bending erythrinas s nonstructural non structural COe CO e indicators T (PF (UF emission Overall (PUA

RESUMEN El artículo que se presenta considera las insuficiencias teórico-metodológicas en la formación de sentidos históricos que limitan el modo de actuación del profesor de historia en el cumplimiento de las funciones docente-metodológica, educativa y de investigación-superación. Revela las relaciones esenciales entre la formación de vivencias históricas y del pensamiento histórico inherente a los sentidos históricos. La metodología utilizada es cuali-cuantitativa, se emplearon métodos teóricos, empíricos y matemáticos que permitieron constatar la factibilidad y pertinencia de la propuesta.

ABSTRACT The presented article considers the theoretical-methodological inadequacies in the formation of historical meanings that limit the way of acting of the history teacher in the fulfillment of the teaching-methodological, educational and research-supervision functions. It reveals the essential relationships between the formation of historical experiences and historical thinking inherent to historical senses. The methodology used is qualitative-quantitative, theoretical, empirical and mathematical methods were used to verify the feasibility and relevance of the proposal.

Abstract Research which evaluates Social Housing (SH) in Brazil often points out unfavorable conditions expressed by residents, in terms of the residential unit and common spaces, as well as surroundings. Participatory processes to improve projects are considered essential for political, social and economic reasons, and user values need to be prioritized. Processes to develop improvements for existing SH, that include residents as protagonists, with active participation, may guide more effective actions. However, participatory processes for home and public area renovations require procedures to effectively achieve their technical objectives and meet the needs and desires of their residents with feasibility of implementation. This research developed a case study with the participation of residents of a small SH project in Campinas - SP, with a specific focus on improvements for the children's leisure areas. The study involved the public targeted, children living in the analyzed SH complex, in defining their leisure space through dynamics and playful activities. Qualitative results are presented of this participatory process, involving children. Knowledge gained is methodological, with lessons learned for the planning and development of participatory co-design projects with children. (SH spaces surroundings political reasons prioritized protagonists actions However implementation SP childrens s areas targeted complex activities process methodological codesign co design

Resumo Pesquisas que avaliam Habitação de Interesse Social (HIS) no Brasil em geral apontam condições desfavoráveis expressas pelos moradores em relação à sua moradia, em termos de unidade habitacional e espaços comuns, assim como seu entorno. Processos participativos para melhorias são considerados essenciais por razões políticas, sociais e econômicas, priorizando os valores do usuário. Considera-se que o desenvolvimento de processos de introdução de melhorias de HIS existentes, no qual o morador é protagonista,participando ativamente, pode orientar ações efetivas. No entanto, processos participativos com foco em melhorias residenciais e em áreas comuns necessitam de procedimentos que de fato atinjam objetivos técnicos e atendam as necessidades e desejos dos moradores, priorizando a viabilidade de execução. A pesquisa desenvolveu um estudo de caso com participação de moradores de um conjunto habitacional em Campinas, SP, com foco específico na área recreativa de uso infantil. O estudo envolveu o público-alvo, crianças moradoras do conjunto habitacional, na definição do seu espaço de lazer, a partir de dinâmicas e atividades lúdicas. São apresentados resultados qualitativos deste processo participativo, envolvendo as crianças. O conhecimento adquirido é metodológico, com lições aprendidas para o planejamento e desenvolvimento de projetosparticipativos de co-design com crianças. (HIS moradia entorno políticas econômicas usuário Considerase Considera se existentes protagonistaparticipando protagonista participando ativamente efetivas entanto execução Campinas SP infantil públicoalvo, públicoalvo público alvo, alvo público-alvo lazer lúdicas participativo metodológico codesign co design

Resumen El desarrollo de proyectos mineros en etapas de exploración y prefactibilidad conlleva desafíos relacionados a la heterogeneidad e incertidumbre geológica y de procesamiento debido a la variabilidad en sus atributos primarios y de respuesta. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de esta investigación radica en elaborar el modelo geometalúrgico del índice de trabajo de Bond. Para esto se desarrollaron modelos de regresión lineal en Jupyter Notebook considerando 790 muestras de resistencia a la compresión uniaxial de la roca (UCS), litologías, zonas minerales e índice de trabajo de Bond (BWi) en un depósito pórfido cuprífero. Los resultados indican relación directamente proporcional de tipo lineal entre el BWi y UCS, generando modelamientos con desempeños aceptables de R2 entre 0,76 a 0,90. Además, las litologías y zonas mineralizadas en el depósito estudiado son características relevantes relacionadas a la conminución. Finalmente, de acuerdo a la competencia de la roca, esta se clasifica como tipo media a dura, dura y muy dura en las zonas de óxidos, mixtos y sulfuros primarios respectivamente.

Abstract The development of mining projects in the exploration and pre-feasibility stages involves challenges related to geological and processing heterogeneity and uncertainty due to variability in their primary and response attributes. Therefore, the objective of this research is to develop the geometallurgical model of the Bond work index. For this purpose, linear regression models were developed in Jupyter Notebook considering 790 samples of uniaxial compressive strength of rock (UCS), lithologies, mineral zones and Bond work index (BWi) in a porphyry copper deposit. The results indicate a directly proportional linear relationship between BWi and UCS, generating modeling with acceptable R2 performances between 0,76 and 0,90. In addition, the lithologies and ore zones in the deposit studied are relevant characteristics related to comminution. Finally, according to rock competence, the rock is classified as medium to hard, hard and very hard in the oxide, mixed and primary sulfide zones, respectively.

Abstract The parental monitoring scale has demonstrated adequate levels of validity and feasibility in the USA and given the lack of instruments assessing this construct in Mexico, the aim of this study was to adapt and validate into Spanish the Parental Monitoring Instrument scale in Mexican adolescents and their parents, as well as its validation using external criteria. 448 adolescents from public schools in Guadalajara and 215 parents of adolescents were included. The scale was not equivalent for both adolescents and parents. The adolescent version had a four-dimensional structure, while the parent version had a three-dimensional structure. Scale reliability was ω = 80 and ω = 83 respectively. Criterion validation identified an association between parental supervision and substance use. The parental supervision scale can be used with Mexican adolescents and their parents. Evaluation of the scale’s psychometric structure in other contexts is encouraged.

Resumen La escala de supervisión parental ha demostrado niveles adecuados de validez y factibilidad en EEUU y ante la falta de instrumentos que evalúen este constructo en México, el objetivo de este estudio fue adaptar y validar al español la escala Parental Monitoring Instrument en adolescentes mexicanos y sus padres, así como evaluar su validación mediante criterios externos. Se incluyeron 448 adolescentes de escuelas públicas de Guadalajara y 215 padres de adolescentes. La escala no fue equivalente para adolescentes y padres. La versión de adolescentes tuvo una estructura de cuatro dimensiones, mientras que la de padres fue de tres. La confiabilidad de la escala fue de ω =80 y ω = 83 respectivamente. En la validación mediante criterios se identificó asociación entre la supervisión parental y el consumo de sustancias. En conclusión, la escala de supervisión parental se puede utilizar con adolescentes mexicanos y sus padres. Se alienta a evaluar su estructura psicométrica en otros contextos.

SUMMARY: The rapid advancement of the Internet of Things (IoT) has transformed our lives by connecting objects and creating an intelligent environment that drives automation and massive data collection. IoT has overcome challenges through remote monitoring, robotics, and sensors, with powerful wireless technologies opening up possibilities in various fields, including anatomical techniques. The objective of this study is to demonstrate the feasibility and benefits of integrating IoT technology into the body maceration process by developing a low-cost, accessible, automated maceration control device compatible with theArduino IDE programming environment. Using an open-source NodeMCU system based on the ESP-12E chip, which employs the LUA programming language and is compatible with Arduino IDE, we incorporated a microSD card reader module for data storage, a digital temperature sensor (DS18B20), a clock module (DS3231), a magnetic stirrer, and an aquarium heater controlled by a digital thermostat with relay (W1209). To validate the device, we conducted maceration tests on C57BL mice, comparing two groups: Control (n=5; weight=17g) subjected to maceration in 4 liters of water at 10°C without agitation; Experimental (n=5; weight=17g) exposed to maceration in 4 liters of water at 35°C, with agitation at 1500 r/min and water flow renewal at a rate of 900 ml/h. Specimens were evaluated for their degree of maceration, cleaned, weighed, and photographed. The maceration time for the control and experi- mental groups was 730 hours and 60 hours, respectively. In the experimental group, no foul odors, damage, or bone demineralization were detected. The device cost was 60 USD, and programming through the Arduino IDE environment was straightforward. The focus on hardware contributed to accessibility and time savings. The system operated with a conventional power supply and required a water supply, making it adaptable to various configurations with greater capacity. Under this configuration, we effectively controlled the variables (temperature, agitation, and water flow). The NodeMCU-based bone maceration system improved the performance and adaptability of existing systems and increased accessibility by reducing costs, complexity, and foul odors.

RESUMEN: El rápido avance del Internet de las Cosas (IoT) ha transformado nuestras vidas al conectar objetos y crear un entorno inteligente que impulsa la automatización y la recolección masiva de datos. El IoT ha superado desafíos a través del monitoreo remoto, la robótica y los sensores, con tecnologías inalámbricas potentes que abren posibilidades en diversos campos, incluidas la anatomía y las técnicas anatómicas. El objetivo de este estudio fue demostrar la viabilidad y los beneficios de integrar la tecnología IoT en el proceso de maceración cadavérica mediante el desarrollo de un dispositivo de control de maceración automatizado, accesible y de bajo costo, compatible con el entorno de programación Arduino IDE. Usando un sistema NodeMCU de código abierto basado en el chip ESP-12E, que emplea el lenguaje de programación LUA y es compatible con Arduino IDE, incorporamos un módulo lector de tarjetas microSD para el almacenamiento de datos, un sensor de temperatura digital (DS18B20), un módulo de reloj (DS3231), un agitador magnético y un calentador de acuario controlado por un termostato digital con relé (W1209). Para validar el dispositivo, realizamos pruebas de maceración en ratones C57BL, comparando dos grupos: control (n=5; peso=17g) sometido a maceración en 4 litros de agua a 10°C sin agitación; experimental (n=5; peso=17g) expuesto a maceración en 4 litros de agua a 35°C, con agitación a 1500 r/min y renovación del flujo de agua a una velocidad de 900 ml/h. Los especímenes fueron evaluados según su grado de maceración, limpiados, pesados y fotografiados. El tiempo de maceración para los grupos control y experimental fue de 730 horas y 60 horas, respectivamente. En el grupo experimental no se detectaron malos olores, daños ni desmineralización de los huesos. El costo del dispositivo fue de 60 USD y la programación a través del entorno Arduino IDE fue sencilla. El enfoque en el hardware contribuyó a la accesibilidad y al ahorro de tiempo. El sistema operaba con una fuente de alimentación convencional y requería un suministro de agua, lo que lo hace adaptable a diversas configuraciones con mayor capacidad. Bajo esta configuración, controlamos eficazmente las variables (temperatura, agitación y flujo de agua). El sistema de maceración ósea basado en NodeMCU mejoró el rendimiento y la adaptabilidad de los sistemas existentes, y aumentó la accesibilidad al reducir los costos, la complejidad y los malos olores.

ABSTRACT Crop damage-based control threshold of 12.5% has been used to reduce the excessive use of insecticides while controlling Spodoptera litura and Helicoverpa armigera in hot peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivation systems. However, it is necessary to develop an easy, practical, inexpensive control threshold to increase farmer eagerness in reducing pesticide use. The study aimed to evaluate a light trap captured based-control threshold for both hot pepper pests. The activity was conducted at Lembang (ca. 1250 m a.s.l.), West Java, Indonesia, from September 2022 to April 2023. Six treatments and four replicates were arranged in a randomized block design. The treatments included the use of four light trap captured based-control thresholds, i.e., ≥ 30, ≥ 25, ≥ 20, ≥ and 15 moth trap-1 wk-1; crop damage based-control threshold of 12.5%; and once per week insecticide application as a control treatment. The study found that the implementation of pests’ control threshold of ≥ 25 moth trap-1 wk-1 could reduce 75% insecticide use compared to the plant damage-based control threshold. The use of this approach could maintain high crop production and generate a return rate of 1.26. The findings will be beneficial for farmers in reducing insecticide use.

ABSTRACT Fossil fuels, particularly oil, face sustainability challenges due to depletion and their role in increasing atmospheric CO2 levels, contributing to climate change and impacting global agriculture. Renewable energy sources like solar power offer a viable alternative. This study explores the feasibility of agro-photovoltaic (APV) systems, which integrate solar panels with agricultural land to generate electricity while cultivating crops. Specifically, the impact of APV systems on rice production and quality was investigated. Solar modules with a total capacity of 99.84 kW were installed on a 2580 m2 site, with two module configurations tested. Two rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars, Woonkwang and Saenuri, were transplanted and monitored for growth characteristics, chlorophyll content, and fluorescence, as well as yield and quality. Growth analysis of rice under APV systems showed minimal impact on plant height and tiller numbers, though chlorophyll content analysis indicated delayed leaf aging and extended maturation time. Rice yield decreased due to altered panicle and spikelet numbers. Quality analysis revealed changes in head rice rate and broken rice, stressing optimal harvest timing in APV systems. Shading conditions also affected physicochemical properties and taste profiles. Yields dropped by about 20% under APV systems, but the financial returns from electricity generation significantly outweighed the crop revenue loss. Despite the high initial installation costs and regulatory challenges, APV systems present a promising dual-use approach for enhancing farm income and promoting renewable energy. Continued research and investment are essential for optimizing APV systems and expanding their adoption.

Resumen: Esta investigación aborda la diversidad de rasgos en el mercado minorista mexicano, buscando identificar atributos comunes fundamentales entre los consumidores de tiendas de retail. El objetivo es analizar las variaciones en las preferencias de distintos tipos de consumidores con respecto a las estrategias de precios implementadas por un supermercado y cómo estas contribuyen a una experiencia transformadora. Se destacan cinco segmentos de consumidores prósperos: i) myopic switcher light, ii) strategic switchers light, iii) myopic switchers heavy, iv) strategic loyal heavy, y v) myopic loyal light. La aplicación del enfoque de segmentación permite a los tomadores de decisiones discernir estrategias más aceptadas en cada segmento, facilitando la comprensión de cómo abordar efectivamente las características distintivas de los consumidores. Este enfoque informado proporciona un marco valioso para especialistas y tomadores de decisiones de marketing, permitiéndoles adaptar estrategias específicas según las preferencias diferenciadas de los consumidores en el mercado minorista mexicano. La investigación destaca la viabilidad de adoptar estrategias de precios basadas en la segmentación de mercado en distintas regiones, ofreciendo hitos prácticos para eficientizar la implementación de tácticas de precios en el contexto retail en México.

Abstract: The present research addresses the diversity of traits in the Mexican retail market, aiming to find fundamental common attributes among consumers in retail stores. Aim: To examine differences in preferences among various consumer segments regarding pricing strategies implemented by a supermarket and their role in fostering a transformative experience. Five prosperous consumer segments are highlighted: i) myopic switcher light, ii) strategic switchers light, iii) myopic switchers heavy, iv) strategic loyal heavy, and v) myopic loyal light. The application of the segmentation approach allows decision-makers to discern more accepted strategies in each segment, easing an understanding of how to effectively address the distinctive characteristics of consumers. This informed approach supplies a valuable framework for specialists and marketing decision-makers, enabling them to adapt specific strategies grounded regarding the diverse preferences exhibited by consumers in the Mexican retail sector. The research highlights the feasibility of adopting market segmentation-based pricing strategies in various regions, providing practical milestones to streamline the implementation of pricing tactics in the Mexican retail context.

Autonomous electric vehicles use camera sensors for vision-based steering control and detecting both roads and objects. In this study, road and object detection are combined, utilizing the YOLOv8x-seg model trained for 200 epochs, achieving the lowest segmentation loss at 0.53182. Simulation tests demonstrate accurate road and object detection, effective object distance measurement, and real-time road identification for steering control, successfully keeping the vehicle on track with an average object distance measurement error of 2.245 m. Route planning for autonomous vehicles is crucial, and the A-Star algorithm is employed to find the optimal route. In real-time tests, when an obstacle is placed between nodes 6 and 7, the A-Star algorithm can reroute from the original path (5, 6, 7, 27, and 28) to a new path (5, 6, 9, 27, and 28). This study demonstrates the vital role of sensor fusion in autonomous vehicles by integrating various sensors. This study focuses on sensor fusion for object-road detection and path planning using the A* algorithm. Real-time tests in two different scenarios demonstrate the successful integration of sensor fusion, enabling the vehicle to follow planned routes. However, some route nodes remain unreachable, requiring occasional driver intervention. These results demonstrate the feasibility of sensor fusion with diverse tasks in third-level autonomous vehicles.