ABSTRACT: This article examines the film Terra em Transe (Glauber Rocha, 1967), framed in the Brazilian “Cinema Novo” movement. The analysis revolves around the constitution of a cinematographic poetics linked to a Marxist aesthetic. The principle of movie montage is the essential component of his cinematographic poetics. The Marxist aesthetic falls on what Alberto Híjar Serrano called rough communism, and some techniques of the Brechtian theory of distancing can also be appreciated. These elements constitute the cinematographic formula that is configured in a kind of critique of capitalist development, that industrializing meta-narrative that became hegemonic from the second half of the twentieth century.

RESUMEN: En este artículo se examina la película Terra em Transe (Glauber Rocha, 1967), enmarcada en la corriente del “Cinema Novo” brasileño. El análisis gira en torno a la constitución de una poética cinematográfica vinculada a una estética marxista. El principio del montaje es el componente esencial de su poética cinematográfica. La estética de corte marxista recae en lo que Alberto Híjar Serrano denominó comunismo tosco, e igualmente se aprecian algunas técnicas de la teoría del distanciamiento brechtiana. Estos elementos constituyen la formula cinematográfica que se configura en una suerte de crítica al desarrollo capitalista, aquel metarrelato industrializador que se hizo hegemónico a partir de la segunda mitad del siglo XX.

Resumen: La ejecución de proyectos de construcción, a menudo presenta obstáculos y desviaciones, lo que genera incumplimientos. La necesidad de mejorar la gestión del desempeño del cronograma es crucial para el cumplimiento de las metas del proyecto. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo identificar los factores clave del desempeño del cronograma en proyectos de construcción con el propósito de plantear estrategias de mejora. Se elaboró un cuestionario de escala con 54 factores seleccionados a partir de la literatura, el cual fue aplicado a profesionales que se desenvuelven en proyectos de construcción en el Perú. Posteriormente se aplicó el estadístico de análisis factorial a las respuestas de los encuestados en 2 conjuntos de datos: factores de éxito y fracaso. El análisis agrupó por separado en 6 factores comunes de éxito y 7 factores comunes de fracaso. Para identificar los factores clave se llevó a cabo una segunda encuesta en base a los factores comunes y se clasificó utilizando el Índice de Importancia Relativa. Los resultados revelaron cómo los 3 primeros factores de éxito clasificados a: compromiso de los involucrados del proyecto, competencia del gerente de proyecto y competencia del propietario. Los factores de fracaso encontrados fueron: conflicto entre los involucrados del proyecto, falta de conocimiento del gerente del proyecto y la incompetencia del propietario. Se plantearon estrategias de mejora, que pueden ser empleados por los involucrados, principalmente por los gerentes, pues en estos profesionales recae la toma de decisiones, por ello, es necesario invertir tiempo y experiencia para resolver los problemas del desempeño del cronograma.

Abstract: The execution of construction projects often presents obstacles and deviations, which generate non-compliance. The need to improve schedule performance management is crucial to meeting project goals. This work aimed to identify the key factors of schedule performance in construction projects with the purpose of proposing improvement strategies. A scale questionnaire was developed with 54 factors selected from the literature, which was applied to professionals who work in construction projects in Peru. Subsequently, the factor analysis statistic was applied to the responses of the participants in 2 sets of data: success and failure factors. The analysis grouped separately into 6 common success factors and 7 common failure factors. To identify the key factors, a second survey was carried out based on the common factors and classified using the Relative Importance Index. The results revealed how the top 3 success factors classified as: commitment of those involved in the project, competence of the project manager and competence of the owner. The failure factors found were: conflict between those involved in the project, lack of knowledge of the project manager and the incompetence of the owner. Improvement strategies were proposed, which can be used by those involved, mainly by managers, since decision-making falls on these professionals, therefore, it is necessary to invest time and experience to resolve schedule performance problems.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: Falls are a serious cause of morbidity and mortality among older people. One of the underlying causes of falls is dehydration. Therefore, ultrasonography has become an essential tool for evaluating volume status in the emergency department. However, the effect of volume status on falls in older people has not been evaluated before. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the inferior vena cava collapsibility index and the injury severity score in older patients who presented with fall-related injuries to the emergency department. METHODS: A total of 66 patients were included in the study. The injury severity score was used as the trauma severity score, and the Edmonton Frail Scale was used as the frailty scale. Volume status was evaluated with inferior vena cava collapsibility index. The primary outcome measure was defined as the correlation between inferior vena cava collapsibility index and injury severity score. Secondary outcome measures were defined as the effect of inferior vena cava collapsibility index and injury severity score on hospitalization and mortality. RESULTS: There was no significant correlation between injury severity score and inferior vena cava collapsibility index (p=0.342). Neither inferior vena cava collapsibility index nor injury severity score was an indicator of the mortality of these patients. However, injury severity score was an indicator of hospitalization. The mean Edmonton Frail Scale score was an indicator of mortality among older people who experienced falls (p=0.002). CONCLUSION: Inferior vena cava collapsibility index cannot be used to predict trauma severity in older patients who have experienced falls admitted to the emergency department. OBJECTIVE dehydration Therefore department However before fallrelated fall related METHODS 6 scale RESULTS p=0.342. p0342 p p=0.342 . 0 342 (p=0.342) p=0.002. p0002 p=0.002 002 (p=0.002) CONCLUSION p034 p=0.34 34 (p=0.342 p000 p=0.00 00 (p=0.002 p03 p=0.3 3 (p=0.34 p00 p=0.0 (p=0.00 p0 p=0. (p=0.3 (p=0.0 p=0 (p=0. p= (p=0 (p= (p

Resumen Antecedentes: Pinguicula agrupa 110 especies, 53 crecen en México. La formación de las montañas mexicanas ha favorecido su diversificación. Ejemplares provenientes del Estado de México, en la Faja Volcánica Trans-Mexicana (FVTM) no corresponden con alguna especie conocida. Preguntas: ¿Los ejemplares recolectados representan una especie nueva? ¿Cuál es su estado de conservación? ¿Cuántas especies de Pinguicula crecen en la FVTM y cómo se diferencian? ¿Cómo se distribuye la riqueza de especies en la FVTM? Especies estudiadas: Pinguicula. Lugar y fechas del estudio: FVTM, 2005-2023. Métodos: Con base en especímenes de herbario y muestras recolectadas recientemente se realizaron un análisis morfológico y una descripción. El estado de conservación se evaluó siguiendo las Categorías y Criterios de la Lista Roja de la UICN. Ejemplares de herbario y registros digitales de Pinguicula en la FVTM fueron examinados para generar una lista de especies y una clave. La riqueza fue analizada por estados, tipos de vegetación, rangos de elevación y celdas. Resultados: Pinguicula tlahuica es propuesta como especie nueva, distinguible por las hojas de verano linear-espatuladas. Es considera dentro de la categoría En Peligro (EN). En la FVTM crecen 16 especies de Pinguicula. El Estado de México, Hidalgo y Michoacán, y el bosque de pino-encino son los más ricos. Pinguicula crece entre 759-3,427 m snm. Los análisis de celdas recuperaron distintas áreas con riqueza alta. Conclusiones: En la FVTM, la riqueza de especies de Pinguicula está en los sectores Oriental y Occidental. Pinguicula crassifolia, P. michoacana, P. tlahuica y P. zamudioana son endémicas de la FVTM.

Abstract Background: The genus Pinguicula harbors 110 species, of which 53 are distributed in Mexico. The formation of the Mexican mountains has favored the Pinguicula diversification. Pinguicula specimens collected in the State of México, along the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt (TMVB) do not correspond with any known species. Questions: Do the collected specimens belong to a new species? What is its conservation status? How many Pinguicula species are there along the TMVB and how do they differentiate? How is the Pinguicula species richness distributed? Studied species: Pinguicula. Study site and dates: TMVB, 2005-2023. Methods: Based on herbarium specimens and recently collected material, a morphological analysis and description were made. Conservation status was assessed following IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Herbarium specimens and digital records of Pinguicula from the TMVB were examined to generate a list and key. We analyzed the richness distribution of Pinguicula by states, vegetation types, elevation ranges, and grid cells. Results: Pinguicula tlahuica is proposed as a new species. It is distinguished by the linear-spatulate summer leaves. The new species falls into the Endangered (EN) category. Along the TMVB, 16 species of Pinguicula are distributed. The State of México, Hidalgo and Michoacán, and the pine-oak forest were the richest. Pinguicula appeared between 759-3,427 m asl. The grid cell analyses revealed different areas with high richness. Conclusions: Along the TMVB, the Pinguicula species richness centered on the Eastern and Western sectors. Pinguicula crassifolia, P. michoacana, P. tlahuica, and P. zamudioana are endemic to the TMVB.

Abstract Introduction Spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) are a heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative diseases. Objective To evaluate the living standard of patients with SCA, by applying the Vestibular Disorders Activities of Daily Living Scale (VADL) and Activitiesspecific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC) questionnaires. Methods An uncontrolled clinical trial study was conducted with 28 patients who underwent anamnesis, ENT evaluation, and vestibular assessment and the application of questionnaires VADL and ABC before and after rehabilitation with virtual reality. Results The vestibular exam was altered in 64.3% of the cases. The result between the correlation of the VADL and ABC questionnaires showed significant results in all cases (p < 0.005). The correlation between the ages and disease length with the VADL and ABC questionnaires was significant in the T3 assessment (p = 0.015). The correlation between the disease length and the VADL questionnaire was significant in all cases (p < 0.005). The comparison of the vestibular rehabilitation result (T1 to T2) showed a significant difference for all the applied games, except for the ski slalom. The comparison of the vestibular rehabilitation result (T1 to T3) showed significant difference for all the applied games (p < 0.005) (1st assessment before the start of rehabilitation designated T1, after 10 rehabilitation sessions, considered T2 and, at the end of 20 rehabilitation sessions, called T3). Conclusion We can point out a direct improvement in the living standard, reflected by the reduction of falls, better balance, and march, contributing to a higher self-confidence in patients in daily activities. SCAs (SCAs diseases SCA (VADL (ABC 2 anamnesis evaluation reality 643 64 3 64.3 p 0.005. 0005 0.005 . 0 005 T 0.015. 0015 0.015 015 0.015) T1 (T slalom 1st st 1 sessions T3. falls balance march selfconfidence self confidence activities 6 64. 000 0.00 00 001 0.01 01 0.0 0.

Resumen Las mujeres que proveen cuidados al interior de las familias no constituyen un grupo homogéneo. Sobre ellas recae una gran proporción de la carga mental y física de la vida diaria, incluso cuando su avanzada edad las coloca en condiciones de mayor vulnerabilidad. Aunque presentan una esperanza de vida mayor a los hombres, las condiciones en las que cursan su propia vejez son inciertas. En este sentido, el presente trabajo cualitativo, adherido a un marco interpretativo, a través de entrevistas a profundidad y observaciones participantes, pretende visibilizar la historia de tres mujeres, ahora mayores, que estuvieron a cargo de cuidar de familiares con enfermedades crónico degenerativas en Mérida, Yucatán, y cómo este trabajo ha impactado en su proceso de envejecimiento y en su vida. Lo anterior permite la creación de narrativas que anticipan designaciones desiguales, tensiones y costos invisibles para aquellas que, mientras envejecían, se dedicaban a sostener a otros (as).

Abstract Women who provide care within families do not make up a homogeneous group. A large proportion of the physical and mental burden of daily life falls on them, even puts them in more vulnerable positions. Although they have a longer life expectancy than men, the conditions in which they live their own old age are uncertain. In this sense, the present qualitative work, which adheres to an interpretative framework through in-depth interviews and participant observations, aims to make visible the story of three elderly women who took on the responsibility to care for family members with chronic degenerative diseases in Mérida, Yucatán, and how this work has impacted their lives and aging processes. This allows the creation of narratives that anticipate unequal designations, tensions and the unseen costs for those who, while getting older, dedicated their lives to sustaining others.

Resumen Introducción : La sarcopenia es un problema de salud mundial, actualmente existen varios criterios para su diagnóstico y se recomienda la implementación de valo res de corte propios para cada población. El objetivo fue evaluar la fuerza de prensión palmar (FPP), en mujeres postmenopáusicas de Buenos Aires y establecer un valor de corte para nuestra población. Métodos : Se evaluaron 704 mujeres ≥50 años, quienes respondieron un cuestionario sobre riesgo de osteoporo sis y se tomó la FPP. Se excluyeron aquellas con artritis o dolor en las manos, quedando 678 mujeres para el análisis. Se seleccionó una subpoblación de 148 mujeres sanas para definir el valor mínimo normal de la FPP de nuestra población. Resultados : La FPP fue de 20.44 ± 5.19 kg, con una disminución significativa a partir de los 70 años. La FPP en el grupo de mujeres sanas fue de 22.08 ± 5.13 kg. Y se estableció el valor de corte de 17.5 kg en nuestra población (primer quintil). El 28.6% de la población total presentaban FPP disminuida y alcanzaba a un 53.7% en las mujeres >80 años. La FPP <17.5 kg se asoció con un incremento del 67% del riesgo de caídas en el grupo total de mujeres >50 años. Discusión : La FPP constituye una herramienta sen cilla y de fácil implementación en la práctica clínica del consultorio y es considerada el primer paso para el diagnóstico de sarcopenia. El valor de corte de FPP <17.5 kg podría ser utilizado para la evaluación de sarcopenia en mujeres >50 años de Buenos Aires.

Abstract Introduction : Sarcopenia is a global health problem, there are currently several criteria for its diagnosis and the implementation of its own cut-off values for each population is recommended. The objective was to evaluate the handgrip strength (HG) in postmenopausal women from Buenos Aires and establish a cut-off value. Methods : A total of 704 women ≥50 years of age were evaluated, who answered a questionnaire on osteoporo sis risk and HG was taken. Those with arthritis or pain in the hands were excluded, leaving 678 women for analysis. A subpopulation of 148 healthy women was selected to define the minimum normal value of the HG of our population. Results : The HG was 20.44 ± 5.19 kg, with a significant decrease in values after 70 years. The HG in the group of healthy women was 22.08 ± 5.13 kg. And the cut-off value of 17.5 kg was established in our population (first quintile). 28.6% of the total population presented decreased HG and reached 53.7% in women >80 years. HG <17.5 kg was associated with a 67% increased risk of falls in the total group of women >50 years. Discussion : The HG is a simple tool that is easy to implement in clinical practice and is considered the first step for the diagnosis of sarcopenia. The cut-off value of HG <17.5 kg could be used for the evaluation of sar copenia in women >50 years of Buenos Aires.

ABSTRACT Healthcare workers' handwashing is essential for preventing Healthcare-Associated Infections. Non-compliance with this correct practice promotes the spread of pathogenic microorganisms. The objective was to identify the hand hygiene situation of healthcare personnel in the Urology service at Clinics Hospital in 2023. The study was observational, correlational, and conducted at Clinics Hospital. The study population consisted of 27 healthcare personnel. Regarding sociodemographic data, 52% are male and 48% are female. The average age predominantly falls within the ranges of 20 to 29 years (33%) and 40 to 49 years (45%). Regarding the presence of common bacteria on the hands of healthcare personnel, Staphylococcus spp. was identified in 54% of cases, while Pseudomonas was found in minimal amounts (4%), and there was no development of bacteria after 6 days of incubation on average (42%). Regarding antibiotic resistance among healthcare personnel, 28% corresponded to Erythromycin, 24% to Clindamycin, 17% to Oxacillin, 9% to Rifampicin, 7% to Trimethoprim+Sulfamethoxazole, and 5% to the following: Ciprofloxacin, Tetracycline, Gentamicin, with the vast majority showing resistance to Gram-positive microorganisms like Staphylococcus aureus. Healthcare personnel demonstrate acceptable performance in preventing bacterial presence, although there is still room for improvement. It is recommended to review and strengthen practices to prevent bacterial presence.

RESUMEN El lavado de manos de los trabajadores de la salud es esencial para prevenir Infecciones Asociadas a la Atención de la Salud. La falta de cumplimiento con esta práctica correcta favorece a la propagación de Microorganismos patógenos. El objetivo fue identificar la situación de Higiene de manos del profesional de la salud del servicio de Urología. Hospital de Clínicas 2023. El estudio fue observacional, correlacional, se llevó a cabo en Hospital de Clínicas. La población de estudio fue de 27 personales de salud. En cuanto a los datos sociodemográficos el 52% son hombres y mujeres 48%. La edad promedio se sitúa predominantemente en los rangos de 20 a 29 años 33% y 45% de 40-49 años. En lo que respecta a la presencia de bacterias comunes en las manos del profesional de la salud, se identificó principalmente la presencia del 54% de Staphylococcus spp., mientras que Pseudomonas se encontró en cantidades mínimas 4% y que no desarrollaron Bacterias a los 6 días de incubación un promedio de 42%. En cuanto a la resistencia a los antibióticos por parte del profesional de la salud el 28% corresponde a Eritromicina el 24% Clindamicina, el 17% Oxacilina el 9% a Rifampicina el 7% Trimeroprima+Sulfametazol y con 5% los siguientes: Ciprofloxacina, Tetraciclina, Gentamicina, la gran mayoría con resistencia a Microorganismos Gram (+) como *Staphylococcus aureus. El profesional de la salud demuestra un desempeño aceptable en la prevención de la presencia bacteriana, aunque aún existe margen de mejora, se recomienda revisar y fortalecer prácticas para prevenir la presencia bacteriana.

Abstract The racial and sexual oppression of Black Brazilian women is, as Lélia Gonzalez (2020) argues, one of the most perceptible yet consistently denied colonial legacies in the country. One of the myths perpetuating the erasure of Brazil's history of enslavement has established an official narrative portraying the nation as a racial paradise. However, when examining records of femicide, intimate partner violence and sexual abuse, it becomes evident that Black women are the most victimised. Faced with the impossibility of repairing the damage caused by the historical legacy of enslavement, which subjected Black women to multifaceted forms of violation, it falls upon us to eradicate all the structural conditions that perpetuate them as the primary targets of violence and dehumanisation. In this article, we delve into what Silvia Rivera Cusicanqui (2015) describes as "taypi" a "middle-world" and an intermediate space where it is possible to witness the interaction between contrasting forms without the boundaries between them disappearing. These contact zones, however, can be permeated by violence when the opposites brought into contact are hierarchised by the colonial context, as Blacks, Indig and Whites were racialised in Brazil. Drawing inspiration from the displacements of times and spaces that are reinformed, the proposal of the taypis of racist imaginaries brings into contact images of racist erasures that, when evidenced through sociological methodology, point to Brazilian "racism by denial" (Gonzalez, 2020), present in national institutions, including journalism.

Resumo A opressão racial e sexual das mulheres negras brasileiras é, como defende Lélia Gonzalez (2020), uma das heranças coloniais mais perceptíveis e mais denegadas no contexto do país. Um dos mitos responsáveis pelo apagamento da história da escravização no Brasil instituiu como história oficial que esta nação seria um paraíso racial. Contudo, ao recorrermos aos registros de feminicídio, violência íntima e abusos sexuais, verifica-se uma repetição das mulheres negras como as mais vitimizadas. Diante da impossível reparação dos danos causados pelo passado de escravização que violentou as mulheres negras das mais variadas formas, cabe, no presente, eliminar todas as condições estruturais que as mantêm como alvo preferencial de violências e desumanização. Neste artigo recorremos ao que Silvia Rivera Cusicanqui (2015) descreve como “taypi”, um “mundo-do-meio” e um espaço intermediário onde é possível observar o contato entre formas opostas sem que os limites entre elas desapareçam. Essas zonas de contato, entretanto, podem ser permeadas por violência quando os opostos colocados em contato foram hierarquizados pelo contexto colonial, como Negres, Indígenas e Branques foram racializades, no Brasil. Inspirados nos deslocamentos de tempos e espaços que se reinformam, a proposta dos taypis de imaginários racistas coloca em contato imagens de apagamentos racistas que, ao serem evidenciados por meio da metodologia sociológica, apontam para o “racismo por denegação” (Gonzalez, 2020) brasileiro, presente em instituições nacionais, incluindo nos jornalismos.

SUMMARY Introduction: The food sector includes a reasonable number of workers involved. Empirically, there is no doubt that this sector has work areas that by their nature involve a series of risk factors that can affect the health. Knowing and cataloguing these, in order to be able to draw up a preventive plan, is essential for the health of the worker (and the entity that employs him). This article aims to gather the main occupational risk factors/occupational risks, occupational diseases and recommended protective measures at kitchen workers. Methodology: This is a Scoping Review, initiated through a search carried out in the Medline database (via Pubmed), carried out during the month of November 2023, encompassing articles (in Portuguese and English), with the keywords "kitchen worker" and "occupational" in the title, with no time limit. The risk analysis tool "Online interactive risk assessment" of the European Agency for Safety and Health at Work was used as a complement. Content: The main risk factors found are exposure to chemical agents (products used to clean facilities and/or fruit and vegetables, or by-products from cooking); ergonomic risks (maintained/forced postures; repetitive movements, manual handling of loads); accidents (falls at the same level or at different levels; handling of equipment/utensils that increase the risk of burns, cuts and/or amputations); contact with electrical equipment, noise, heat stress and psychosocial risks. The main occupational diseases refer to musculoskeletal, psychosocial or dermatological conditions. Each unit should, however, be evaluated individually, according to its intrinsic characteristics. Conclusions: The safety and health of kitchen workers are issues that deserve constant attention from employers, regulators and society at large. This article explored some of the main occupational hazards and listed the need for effective preventive measures. Reducing these risks is not only an ethical and legal responsibility, but a smart strategy to improve operational efficiency and quality of services, avoiding accidents, minimizing absenteeism, but also improving the productivity of companies. It would be pertinent to develop investigations that assess the national reality

RESUMO Introdução: O setor da alimentação coletiva inclui um número razoável de trabalhadores envolvidos. Empiricamente, não existem dúvidas de que este setor possui áreas de trabalho que pela sua natureza envolvem uma série de fatores de risco que podem afetar a saúde dos trabalhadores. Conhecer e catalogar os mesmos, de modo a poder elaborar um plano preventivo, é essencial para a saúde do trabalhador (e da entidade que o emprega). Este artigo objetiva reunir os principais fatores de risco/riscos ocupacionais, doenças profissionais associadas e medidas de proteção recomendadas. Metodologia: Trata-se de umaScoping Review, iniciada através de uma pesquisa realizada nas base de dados Medline (via Pubmed), realizada durante o mês de novembro de 2023, englobando artigos (em português e inglês), com as palavras-chave “kitchen worker” e “occupational” no título, sem limite temporal. Utilizou-se como complemento a ferramenta de análise de riscos “Online interactive risk assessment”, da Agência Europeia para a Segurança e Saúde no Trabalho. Conteúdo: Os principais fatores de risco encontrados são exposição a agentes químicos (produtos na higienização das instalações e/ou hortofrutícolas, ou subprodutos derivados da confeção); riscos ergonómicos (posturas mantidas/ forçadas; movimentos repetitivos, manuseamento manual de cargas); riscos de acidentes (quedas ao mesmo nível ou a níveis diferentes; manuseamento de equipamentos/utensílios que aumentem o risco de queimaduras, cortes e/ou amputações); contato com equipamentos elétricos, ruído, stress térmico e riscos psicossociais. As principais doenças profissionais referem-se a condições musculoesqueléticas, psicossociais ou dermatológicas. Cada unidade deverá, no entanto, ser avaliada individualmente, mediante as suas caraterísticas intrínsecas. Conclusões: A segurança e saúde dos trabalhadores das unidades de alimentação coletiva são questões que merecem atenção constante dos Empregadores, reguladores e da sociedade em geral. Este artigo explorou alguns dos principais riscos ocupacionais e listou a necessidade de medidas preventivas eficazes. A redução destes riscos não é apenas uma responsabilidade ética e legal, mas uma estratégia inteligente para melhorar a eficiência operacional e a qualidade dos serviços, evitando acidentes, minimizando o absentismo, mas também melhorando a produtividade das empresas. Seria pertinente desenvolver investigações que avaliassem a realidade nacional.

Resumo Introdução: A paralisia supranuclear progressiva (PSP) é uma doença neurodegenerativa, cuja prevalência é de 2-7 casos/100.000 indivíduos. No entanto, dado o desafio diagnóstico, prevê-se que estes dados estejam subestimados e que muitos doentes não cheguem a ser diagnosticados. Descrição do caso: Mulher de 69 anos, com hipertensão arterial e hipotiroidismo controlados, recorreu em dezembro/2018 a consulta aberta na sua USF por se sentir triste, com choro fácil e com falta de iniciativa associado a episódios de ansiedade. Pela presunção do diagnóstico de depressão iniciou sertralina. Em janeiro/2019, em consulta programada, o seu MF detetou um discurso pouco fluente e lentificação psicomotora, facto que a doente não reconhecia como um problema. Após exclusão de causas identificáveis e reversíveis que justificassem o quadro clínico decidiu-se fazer uma referenciação aos cuidados de saúde hospitalares de neurologia. Em março, em neurologia, foi identificada a presença de disartria e de reflexos osteotendinosos ligeiramente vivos, interpretados em provável contexto de uma doença neuromuscular, que foi posteriormente descartada pela eletromiografia, ressonância magnética cerebral e estudo analítico normais. Em junho, a doente acrescentava dificuldades executivas e de escrita e destacava-se a presença de apraxia e disfunção frontal, pelo que se colocou em hipótese a presença de uma doença neurodegenerativa, identificada como possível afasia progressiva primária por uma avaliação neuropsicológica. No entanto, em janeiro/2020 verificou-se um agravamento dos sintomas prévios, foi descrita a presença de quedas ocasionais não provocadas e identificou-se uma discreta limitação do olhar vertical superior que se associou finalmente ao diagnóstico definitivo de PSP. Atualmente a doente é seguida pelo seu MF no que respeita ao seu tratamento paliativo e apoio psicológico à doente e respetiva família. Comentário: O MF é responsável pela prestação de cuidados continuados longitudinalmente ao doente, assim como pela gestão da doença que se apresenta de forma indiferenciada numa fase precoce da sua história natural, características que colocam o MF numa posição privilegiada para diagnosticar, acompanhar, intervir e referenciar nas situações como a que é apresentada no presente caso clínico.

Abstract Introduction: Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a neurodegenerative disease, with a prevalence of 2-7 cases/100,000 individuals. However, these data are likely to be underestimated and many patients remain undiagnosed due to diagnostic challenges. Case description: In December 2018, a 69-year-old woman with hypertension and hypothyroidism went to an open consultation at her family health unit for being sad, tearful, and unwilling to start any activity associated with an anxiety crisis. As depression was suspected, it was decided to start her on sertraline. In January 2019, at a scheduled appointment, her family doctor (FD) noted a poorly fluent speech with psychomotor slowing, which the patient did not recognize as a problem. It was decided to make a referral to neurology after excluding identifiable and reversible causes that would justify the clinical picture. In March, at the neurology consultation, the presence of dysarthria and slightly hyperactive osteotendinous reflexes were noted and interpreted in the probable context of a neuromuscular disease, which was later ruled out by normal electromyogra-phy, brain magnetic resonance, and analytical study. In June, executive and writing difficulties were added and the presence of apraxia and frontal dysfunction was highlighted. Because of this, the presence of a neurodegenerative disease was hypothesized and a neuropsychological assessment identified a possible primary progressive aphasia. However, in January 2020, there was an exacerbation of previous symptoms and the presence of occasional unprovoked falls, and a slight limitation of the superior vertical gaze was noted, which was finally associated with the definitive diagnosis of PSP. The patient is currently being followed by her FD for palliative care and psychological support for the patient and her family. Comment: The FD is responsible for the longitudinal continuity of the patient's care, as well as for the management of the disease, which presents in an undifferentiated manner, at an early stage of its natural history, characteristics that place the FD in a privileged position to diagnose, monitor, intervene and refer in situations such as the one presented in this clinical case.

ABSTRACT Foundation: Traumatic brain injury is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in the child population; it involves several physical, social and cognitive alterations in survivors. Objective: To characterize pediatric patients admitted for craniocerebral trauma. Methods: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out in patients aged 0 to 17 years old, admitted for craniocerebral trauma from January 2018 to December 2020. The data were collected from the individual medical history and provincial statistical registry. Results: The age group that contributed the most patients was between 1 and 9 years old with 52.6%. The male sex predominated (65.6%). Falls were the main cause of trauma (64.8%). Regarding the triennium studied, the year 2020 showed a decrease in cases. 45.7% of the cases came from the Cienfuegos municipality. 90.9% of patients had mild neurological impairment upon admission. Focal lesions represented 84.4% of the TBI-specific lesions found. Conclusions: Craniocerebral trauma was more frequent in male sex and urban origin transitional and schoolchildren. Falls were the most relevant cause and neurological condition was mild in the majority of patients. There were no complications or deaths.

RESUMEN Fundamento: El traumatismo craneoencefálico es una de las principales causas de morbilidad y mortalidad en la población infantil; conlleva varias alteraciones a nivel físico, social y cognitivo en los sobrevivientes. Objetivo: Caracterizar pacientes en edad pediátrica, ingresados por trauma craneoencefálico. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal en pacientes de 0 a 17 años, ingresados por trauma craneoencefálico en el período enero 2018-diciembre 2020. Los datos se recogieron de la historia clínica individual y registro estadístico provincial. Resultados: El grupo etario que más pacientes aportó fue el de entre 1 y 9 años con un 52,6 %. Predominó el sexo masculino (65,6 %). Las caídas constituyeron la principal causa del trauma (64,8 %). Con respecto al trienio estudiado, el año 2020 mostró una disminución de casos. El 45,7 % de los casos procedían del municipio de Cienfuegos. Un 90,9 % de los pacientes presentaron un compromiso neurológico leve al ingreso. Las lesiones focales representaron el 84,4 % de las lesiones específicas del traumatismo craneoencefálico encontradas. Conclusiones: El trauma craneoencefálico fue más frecuente en los transicionales y escolares del sexo masculino y procedencia urbana. Las caídas fueron la causa más relevante y el compromiso neurológico fue leve en la mayoría de los pacientes. No hubo complicaciones, ni fallecidos.

Resumen: Este artículo expone los resultados de una investigación cualitativa llevada a cabo con agentes educativos de escuelas públicas y privadas del centro-sur de Chile. A través de entrevistas se intentó dilucidar la forma en que esas escuelas estaban afrontando los conflictos generados por la presencia de estudiantes disidentes sexuales. Desde el punto de vista metodológico, se optó por la teoría fundamentada para realizar el análisis; este proceso arrojó una codificación axial que alude a las estrategias de integración de las y los estudiantes disidentes y una segunda que alude a la invisibilización e imposición del silencio que recae sobre esos mismos estudiantes. Entre las principales conclusiones destaca que en los establecimientos públicos se les tiende a ignorar, en los subvencionados y privados se les tolera a condición del silencio.

Abstract: This article presents the results of a qualitative research carried out with educational agents from public and private schools in central-southern Chile. By means of interviews, an attempt was made to elucidate the way in which these schools were dealing with the conflicts generated by the presence of sexually dissident students. From the methodological point of view, we opted for grounded theory to carry out the analysis; this process yielded an axial coding that refers to the integration strategies of dissident students and a second one that makes reference to the invisibilization and imposition of silence that falls on these same students. Among the main conclusions, it is worth noting that in public schools they tend to be ignored, while in subsidized and private schools they are tolerated on condition of silence.

Resumen Introducción: El aumento de la esperanza media de vida de la población se ha reflejado significativamente en el acentuado ritmo de envejecimiento y el aumento de la prevalencia de enfermedades crónicas, provocando un aumento del número de personas de 80 y más años que acuden a los Servicios de Emergencia. Objetivo: Identificar los motivos de visita a urgencias por parte de personas mayores, teniendo en cuenta la perspectiva de los profesionales de Estructuras Residenciales para Ancianos; explorar medidas para reducir el número de personas mayores de 80 años o más enviadas al Servicio de Urgencias. Métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, de cohorte transversal, en una muestra no probabilística de 60 representantes de Estructuras Residenciales para Personas Mayores que enviaron a personas mayores de 80 años y más al Servicio de Urgencias de un Centro Hospitalar do Centro de Portugal. La recolección de datos se realizó mediante entrevistas basadas en un guión semiestructurado elaborado por el equipo de investigadores. Resultados: Los motivos más prevalentes que llevan a las personas mayores de 80 años al Servicio de Urgencias son, según los profesionales de las Estructuras Residenciales para Ancianos, la caída (73,33%), la dificultad respiratoria (65%) y la enfermedad cardiovascular (30%). Entre las sugerencias relevantes para reducir la derivación de mayores de 80 años al Servicio de Urgencias destacan: mayor accesibilidad de contacto con el centro de salud (25%), ampliación del horario de atención en los centros de salud (21,67%) y mayor seguimiento por parte del médico de la propia institución (18,33%). Conclusión: Sugerimos la replicación de este estudio con una muestra mayor debido a su reducido número y a la escasez de estudios centrados únicamente en personas mayores de 80 años institucionalizadas que acuden a Urgencias.

Resumo Introdução: O aumento da esperança média de vida da população tem-se refletido significativamente na acentuada taxa de envelhecimento e no aumento da prevalência de doenças crónicas, levando a um aumento da afluência aos Serviços de Urgência, pela pessoa idosa com 80 e mais anos. Objetivo: Identificar os motivos das idas às urgências por parte da pessoa idosa, tendo em conta a perspetiva dos profissionais das Estruturas Residenciais para Idosos; explorar medidas favorecedoras da redução do envio das pessoas idosas com 80 e mais anos ao Serviço de Urgência. Métodos: Estudo observacional de natureza descritiva em coorte transversal em uma amostra não probabilística de 60 representantes das Estruturas Residenciais para Idosos que enviaram pessoas idosas com 80 e mais anos ao Serviço de Urgência de um Centro Hospitalar da zona Centro de Portugal. A recolha de dados foi efetuada com recurso a Entrevistas baseadas num guião semiestruturado elaborado pela equipa de investigadores. Resultados: Os motivos mais prevalentes que levam a pessoa idosa com 80 e mais anos ao Serviço de Urgência, são, segundo os profissionais das Estruturas Residenciais para Idosos, a queda (73,33%), dificuldade respiratória (65%) e doença cardiovascular (30%). Das sugestões pertinentes para a redução do envio das pessoas idosas com 80 e mais anos ao Serviço de Urgência, destacam-se maior acessibilidade de contacto com o centro de saúde (25%), existirem horários alargados nos centros de saúde (21,67%) e maior acompanhamento do médico da própria instituição (18,33%). Conclusão: Sugere-se a replicação deste estudo com uma amostra mais alargada, devido ao seu número ser reduzido e à escassez de estudos que incidam apenas na ida das pessoas idosas com 80 e mais anos institucionalizadas ao Serviço de Urgência.

Abstract Introduction: The increase in the average life expectancy of the population has been significantly reflected in the accentuated rate of aging and the increase in the prevalence of chronic diseases, leading to an increase in the number of people aged 80 and over attending Emergency Services. Objective: Identify the reasons for visits to the emergency room by elderly people, taking into account the perspective of professionals in Residential Structures for the Elderly; explore measures to reduce the number of elderly people aged 80 and over sent to the Emergency Department. Methods: Observational study of a descriptive nature in a cross-sectional cohort in a non-probabilistic sample of 60 representatives of Residential Structures for the Elderly who sent elderly people aged 80 and over to the Emergency Department of a Hospital Center in the Center of Portugal. Data collection was carried out using interviews based on a semi-structured script prepared by the team of researchers. Results: The most prevalent determinants that lead the elderly person aged 80 and over to the Emergency Department are, according to the professionals of the Residential Structures for the Elderly, falls (73.33%), respiratory difficulty (65%) and cardiovascular disease (30%). Of the suggestions relevant to the reduction in the sending of the elderly aged 80 and over to the ER, the most important are greater accessibility of contact with the health center (25%), the existence of extended opening hours at the health centers (21.67%) and greater monitoring by the institution's own physician (18.33%). Conclusion: We suggest the replication of this study with a larger sample due to its reduced number and the scarcity of studies focusing only on the visit of institutionalized elderly people aged 80 and older to the Emergency Department.

Abstract In 2019, Chega burst onto the Portuguese political scene, becoming the third most significant political force in the national parliament over the next four years. This article focuses on the political culture of Chega’s members and it aims to find if and how this political culture fits in with that of the populist radical right. To this end, an online survey (carried out between May 24th and June 16th of 2021) was distributed to party members addressing the following various dimensions. The 3,183 validated responses show a political culture that falls within the main lines of the radical right: nativism, authoritarianism, and populism. However, the distribution of the sample reveals less polarization than expected in the central themes of nativism (ethnic homogeneity) and populism (direct democracy).

Resumo Em 2019, o Chega irrompeu na cena política portuguesa, tornando-se na terceira força política mais significativa no parlamento nacional nos quatro anos seguintes. Este artigo centra-se na cultura política dos membros do Chega e tem como objetivo descobrir se e como esta cultura política se enquadra na da direita radical populista. Para o efeito, distribuiu-se um inquérito online (realizado entre 24 de maio e 16 de junho de 2021) aos membros do partido, abordando várias dimensões. As 3 183 respostas validadas revelam uma cultura política que se inscreve nas grandes linhas da direita radical: nativismo, autoritarismo e populismo. No entanto, a distribuição da amostra revela uma polarização menor do que a esperada nos temas centrais do nativismo (homogeneidade étnica) e do populismo (democracia direta).