Resumen Introducción. Los huevos son un alimento fuente de proteínas que se deteriora fácilmente durante su almacenamiento. La suplementación de polvo de pimiento rojo picante rico en compuestos bioactivos en dietas para gallinas ponedoras puede mejorar la calidad del huevo y prevenir su deterioro durante el almacenamiento. Objetivo. Determinar el efecto de la suplementación con pimiento rojo picante en polvo y diferentes tiempos de almacenamiento sobre la calidad física del huevo de gallinas ponedoras. Materiales y métodos. El estudio se llevó a cabo de enero a marzo de 2024 en el Granero de Investigación de PT Agromix Lestari Group, Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Se asignaron 80 gallinas ponedoras de 56 semanas de edad (1681 ± 64 g) de la cepa Novogen a cuatro tratamientos dietéticos (cuatro réplicas, cinco gallinas por réplica): dieta basal como control (P0); dieta basal + 0,25 % de chile rojo en polvo (P1); dieta basal + 0,5 % de chile rojo en polvo (P2), y dieta basal + 0,75 % de chile rojo en polvo (P3). Al final de la sexta semana, se recogió un huevo por grupo y se analizó su calidad física en tres tratamientos de almacenamiento: fresco (S0), una semana de almacenamiento (S1) y dos semanas de almacenamiento (S2). Los datos de calidad de los huevos se analizaron con un diseño experimental factorial (4 × 3) utilizando el programa SPSS 26 (Chicago, IL, USA). Resultados. La suplementación con un 0,5% de pimiento rojo picante en polvo aumentó significativamente el peso del huevo. La adición de pimiento rojo picante y la duración del tratamiento afectaron significativamente al color de la yema del huevo. El grupo tratado con pimiento picante mostró un pH del albumen y la yema significativamente más bajo. Conclusiones. Se demostró que la suplementación de pimiento rojo picante en polvo en las dietas de gallinas ponedoras mejoró el color de la yema del huevo. La inclusión de 0,5 % en la ración fue capaz de mantener bajo el pH de la yema y el albumen.

Abstract Introduction. Eggs are a food source of protein that easily deteriorates during storage. Supplementation of hot red chili pepper powder, rich in bioactive compounds, in diets for laying hens can improve egg quality and prevent egg deterioration during storage. Objective. To determine the effect of hot red pepper powder supplementation and different storage times on the physical egg quality of laying hens. Materials and methods. This study was conducted from January to March 2024 at the Research Barn of PT Agromix Lestari Group, Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Eighty 56-week-old Novogen laying hens (1681 ± 64 g) were assigned into four dietary treatments (four replications, five hens per replication): basal diet as control (P0); basal diet + 0.25 % hot red pepper powder (P1); basal diet + 0.5 % hot red pepper powder (P2), and basal diet + 0.75 % hot red pepper powder (P3). At the end of week 6, one egg per replicate group was collected and analyzed for physical quality in three storage treatments: fresh condition (S0), one week storage (S1) and two weeks storage (S2). Egg quality data were analyzed with a factorial experimental design (4 × 3) using SPSS 26 software. Results. Supplementation of 0.5 % hot red pepper powder significantly increased egg weight. Hot red pepper addition and treatment duration significantly affected egg yolk color. The hot red pepper treatment group showed significantly lower pH of albumen and yolk. Conclusions. The supplementation of hot red pepper powder in laying hens’ diets has been shown to improve egg yolk color. The inclusion of 0.5 % in the ration was able to keep the pH of yolk and albumen low.

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to observe if there are differences in the remaining filling material between unfilled teeth using contemporary clinical microscopy techniques and the XP-endo® system. Ex vivo experimental study. 40 extracted single-root teeth were treated by a single operator using the mechanized instrumentation technique suggested by the manufacturer (FKG): XP ENDO© System. and the sealing of the root canals using the synchronous hydraulic technique with gutta-percha and TOTALFILL©BC sealer (FKG) bioceramic cement. Two groups were randomly divided, and a single operator performed the deobturation with the same protocol in both groups, differing only in the vision technique used, with clinical optical microscopy (CM) and with direct vision (SM). The deobturation technique included Gates glidden burs, ENDO© XP System, solvent (Endosolv©), and manual H files to finish until clinically no obturation remnants were felt or observed within the canal. The teeth were cut longitudinally buccolingually into two halves. All samples were coded, photographed and transferred to a computer to perform morphometric analysis. The surfaces of the MO and S/MO groups were compared, observing the differences between them. 29.4 % of remaining obturation (cement and/or gutta-percha) in the group deobturated without a microscope (SM) and 16.3 % in the group deobturated with a microscope (CM). There is a statistically significant difference in the percentage of remaining filling in the SM group compared to the CM group (p = 0.0198). Complete removal of cement or gutta-percha was not observed in either group. The use of the clinical microscope favors the removal of gutta-percha during endodontic retreatments.

RESUMEN: La endodoncia moderna ha tenido muchos avances para potenciar los resultados del tratamiento. Estudios sobre el impacto del uso de técnicas contemporáneas para la desobturación y retratamiento no quirúrgico constituye un campo de investigación emergente. El objetivo de este estudio fue observar si existen diferencias en el remanente de material de obturación entre dientes desobturados utilizando las técnicas contemporáneas de microscopía clínica y el sistema XP-endo®. Estudio experimental ex vivo. 40 dientes unirradiculares extraídos fueron tratados por un operador mediante la técnica de instrumentación mecanizada sugerida por el fabricante (FKG): Sistema XP ENDO©. y selladas mediante la técnica hidráulica sincrónica con gutapercha y cemento biocerámico TOTALFILL©BC sealer (FKG). La muestra se dividió aleatoriamente en 2 grupos; un operador realizó la desobturación con el mismo protocolo en ambos grupos diferenciándose sólo en la técnica de visión utilizada, microscopía óptica clínica, con microscopio (CM) o visión directa, sin microscopio (SM). La técnica de desobturación incluyó fresas Gates glidden, Sistema XP ENDO©, solvente (Endosolv©), y limas H manuales para finalizar hasta que clínicamente no se sintieran ni observaran remanentes de obturación dentro del canal. Los dientes se cortaron longitudinalmente en dos mitades en sentido vestibulolingual. Todas las muestras fueron codificadas, fotografiadas y analizadas morfométricamente. Se compararon las superficies de los grupos CM y SM, observando las diferencias entre ellas. Se observó un 29,4 %, de obturación remanente (cemento y/o gutapercha) en el grupo desobturado SM y 16,3 % en el grupo desobturado CM. Existe diferencia estadísticamente significativa en el porcentaje de obturación remanente del grupo SM en comparación con el grupo CM (p = 0,0198). En ninguno de los dos grupos se observó remoción completa de cemento o gutapercha. El uso del microscopio clínico favorece la remoción del material de obturación durante los retratamientos endodónticos.

BACKGROUND: Clinical reasoning is a critical skill that nursing practitioners must develop. Positive patient outcomes have been linked to nurses with clinical reasoning skills. While experienced nurse practitioners often demonstrate clinical reasoning skills, evidence shows that these skills can be taught and mastered, even by less experienced nurses OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a cooperative clinical reasoning activity can aid nursing students in developing their clinical reasoning skills METHODS: A quasi-experimental, non-equivalent, pre-test-post-test control group method was used, employing an Outcome-present-state (OPT) worksheet and a marking rubric to assess the results. The study population consisted of 208 final-year nursing students who were purposively assigned to either the experimental group (n=84) or the control group (n=124 RESULTS: Participants in the experimental group showed higher clinical reasoning scores after engaging in cooperative clinical reasoning activities, compared with participants in the control group who did not participate (p=007 CONCLUSION: Clinical reasoning is a skill that can be developed through the deliberate inclusion of targeted activities in a nursing programme

Abstract Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is an alternative treatment for craniofacial bone defects reconstruction through membrane barrier adaptation, such as demineralized dentin material membrane (DDMM). DDMM is used as a substitute for GBR material, which aligns with Green Economy principles, it has a good biological osteoinductive and osteoconductive effects, and its structure resembles bones. The balance of bone remodeling when experiencing craniofacial defects will be altered and allow changes to resorption activity, so the mechanisms of osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption are vital. Objective: this article aims to analyze the expression of TNF-α, RANKL, and osteoclast cells count after application of DDMM as GBR in mandibular bone defects. Methodology: this is an experimental study with a post-test only control group design, which began with the randomization of 120 rats into five groups: K(−), without membrane implantation; K(+), PPCM; P1, DDMM; P2, DDMM + bone graft; P3, PPCM + bone graft. The expression of TNF-α, RANKL, and osteoclast cells count were observed, followed by analysis using a one-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey HSD comparison test. Results: there were significant differences in the expression of TNF-α, RANKL, and osteoclast cells count in all study groups (p=0.000). TNF-α showed a decreasing difference with the highest expression in the K(−) group on day 3 of 12.00±2.16. RANKL expression increased on day 14 and decreased on day 21 in all groups. The osteoclast cells count generally showed a critical period with the highest increase in the K(−) group on day 14 of 73.00±0.00. Conclusion: DDMM has the potential to be a superior membrane substitute compared to PPCM as GBR in alternative treatment for craniofacial bone defects reconstruction.

RESUMO: Este trabalho teve como objetivo comparar o consumo de matéria seca, produção de leite, composição do leite e parâmetros fisiológicos e bioquímicos entre vacas Holandesas e Jersey sob estresse térmico. Vacas Holandesas (n=8) e Jersey (n=8) foram alocadas em dois grupos de tratamento: VA, com resfriamento, e SVA, sem resfriamento. O experimento incluiu 14 dias de adaptação (todas as vacas foram resfriadas) e cinco dias de avaliação (apenas as vacas VA foram resfriadas). O consumo de matéria seca e a produção de leite foram medidos diariamente. No Dia 0 do período de adaptação e nos Dias 1, 3 e 5 do período de avaliação, foram coletadas amostras de leite para análise de composição, físico-química e células somáticas; foi coletado sangue para análise do conteúdo de proteínas totais, albumina, uréia, creatinina, glicose e beta-hidroxibutirato. Os parâmetros fisiológicos medidos foram frequência respiratória, temperatura superficial, temperatura retal e movimentos ruminais. O delineamento experimental foi fatorial 2 × 3, com dois tratamentos e três dias. Os dados foram submetidos à ANOVA e testados quanto à normalidade dos resíduos. Para o consumo de matéria seca houve interação tratamento*dia e a produção e composição do leite foram semelhantes. Apenas o conteúdo proteico foi maior no grupo de tratamento VA do que no grupo SVA. O leite das vacas SVA apresentou maior resistência ao etanol do que o das vacas VA. O ponto de congelamento foi maior no grupo de tratamento VA. A concentração de beta-hidroxibutirato foi maior no grupo de tratamento VA. Um curto período de estresse térmico não afetou imediatamente a produção, mas afetou a composição e as propriedades físico-químicas do leite. O resfriamento ativo das vacas com ventilação e aspersão influencia a quantidade de calor produzido e retido, impactando nos parâmetros fisiológicos, metabólitos sanguíneos, composição e propriedades físico-químicas do leite.

ABSTRACT: This research compared dry matter intake, milk yield, milk composition, and physiological and biochemical parameters between holstein and jersey cows under heat stress. Holstein (n=8) and Jersey (n=8) cows were allocated into two treatment groups: VA, with cooling, and SVA, with no cooling. The experiment included 14 days of adaptation (all the cows were cooled) and 5 days of evaluation (only the VA cows were cooled). Dry matter intake and milk production were measured daily. On Day 0 of the adaptation period and on Days 1, 3 and 5 of the evaluation period, milk samples were collected for composition, physicochemical and somatic cell analysis; blood was collected for analysis of the contents of total proteins, albumin, urea, creatinine, glucose, and beta-hydroxybutyrate. The physiological parameters measured were respiratory rate, surface temperature, rectal temperature and ruminal movements. The experimental design was a 2 × 3 factorial, with two treatments and three days. The data were subjected to ANOVA and tested for normality of the residuals. For dry matter intake, there was a treatment*day interaction, and the milk yield and composition of the treatments were similar. Only the protein content was greater in the VA treatment group than in the SVA group. The milk from SVA cows had greater resistance to ethanol than that from VA cows. The freezing point was greater in the VA treatment group. The concentration of beta-hydroxybutyrate was greater in the VA treatment group. A short heat stress period did not immediately affect production, but it did affect the composition and physicochemical properties of milk. The active cooling of cows with ventilation and sprinkling influences the amount of heat produced and retained, impacting the physiological parameters, blood metabolites, composition, and physicochemical properties of milk.

Abstract This study aimed to compare the effects of nandrolone decanoate on the morphology and physiology of ovarian tissues in two experimental models, Zebrafish and rats, after in vitro cultivation. A total of 136 animals were used (Wistar rats, n=36, and Zebrafish, n=100). In both experiments, the animals were divided into two groups (Control and Deca) and were exposed to nandrolone decanoate for seven weeks. At the end of the administrations, the animals were euthanized, and the tissues were collected for morphological and biochemical analyses. Data were expressed as mean ± SEM. Tukey and Shapiro-Wilk tests were used. ANOVA and chi-square tests were applied for group comparisons. Differences were considered significant when P<0.05. The results showed an increase in body weight in Wistar rats, while Zebrafish body weight was decreased. In both experiments, the number of atretic follicles increased throughout the in vitro culture, from day 0 to day 7, in the Control group (CTRLr and CTRLz), while in the DECA group (DECAr and DECAz), atretic follicles were reduced from D0 to D7. The antioxidant environment, represented by increased the thiol content, which was significantly higher on day zero in CTRLz compared to CTRLr. SOD activity increased in Zebrafish (group DECAz), while CAT activity decreased in both models (group DECAr and DECAz). In conclusion, the study demonstrated similarity in ovarian physiology between the models exposed or not exposed to nandrolone decanoate, suggesting that, when convenient, researchers could consider changing the experimental model.

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o desempenho produtivo e reprodutivo de cordeiras submetidas a diferentes formas de suplementação alimentar na fase de crescimento e na estação de monta. Foram utilizadas 28 cordeiras Texel, com idades entre três e 12 meses. As cordeiras foram distribuídas em dois tratamentos, com suplementação proteico-energética em níveis de 1,6 e 2,4% do peso corporal (PC) e mantidas em pastos de Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu. O desempenho foi avaliado no início do período experimental e a cada 28 dias até o final da estação de monta, observando-se os seguintes dados: peso corporal final, ganho médio diário (GMD) e ganho de peso total (GPT). No período de crescimento, as cordeiras suplementadas com 2,4% do PC apresentaram maior GMD, o que resultou em maior GPT e peso final. Assim, as cordeiras suplementadas com 2,4% do PC apresentaram maior espessura de gordura subcutânea na fase de crescimento. No entanto, durante o crescimento, as cordeiras suplementadas com 1,6% do PC apresentaram melhor escore de condição corporal do que aquelas suplementadas com 2,4% do PC. Não houve efeito da suplementação no tamanho dos órgãos reprodutivos das cordeiras no final da fase de crescimento e no início da estação reprodutiva. Os níveis de suplementação utilizados afetaram a taxa de gestação das cordeiras. O grupo que recebeu 1,6% do PC teve uma taxa de gestação mais alta do que o grupo tratado com 2,4% do PC. Assim, conclui-se que a suplementação com 1,6% do PC foi economicamente viável para promover ganho de peso, escore de condição corporal e estimular a taxa de fertilidade para cordeiras primíparas em uma estação reprodutiva de 45 dias.

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to analyze the productive and reproductive performance of lambs submitted to different forms of feed supplementation in the growth phase and breeding season. Twenty-eight Texel sheep aged between three and 12 months were used. The lambs were distributed in two treatments with protein-energy supplementation at levels 1.6 and 2.4% of body weight and reared on Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu. The performance was evaluated at the beginning of the experimental period and every 28 days until the end of the breeding season, the following data were observed: final body weight, average daily gain (ADG) and total weight gain (TWG). In the growth period, the lambs supplemented with 2.4% BW presented higher average daily gain, which resulted in higher total weight gain and final weight. Thus, the ewe lambs supplemented with 2.4% BW showed greater subcutaneous fat thickness in the growth phase. However, during growth the lambs supplemented with 1.6% of BW showed better body condition score than those supplemented with 2.4% BW. There was no effect of supplementation on the size of the reproductive organs of the lambs at the end of the growth phase and at the beginning of the reproductive season. The supplementation levels used affected the pregnancy rate of the lambs. The group that received 1.6% BW had a higher pregnancy rate than the group treated with 2.4% BW. Thus, it is concluded that supplementation with 1.6% BW was economically viable to promote weight gain, body condition score, and stimulate fertility rate for primiparous lambs in a 45-day reproductive season.

Abstract Considering the unique role of medicinal chemistry in the pharmacists’ formation, in this work we assessed the impact of medicinal chemistry teaching on the interpretation of a clinical situation using statistical and learning gain analysis. Lectures were conducted with or without medicinal chemistry information about the drugs involved, and pre and post-tests were applied. Pharmacy students (n = 35) were divided into two experimental groups (control and test) and presented with a case report selected from literature involving statin-related myopathy when a pre-test was applied. A lecture containing pharmacological information on statins was delivered to the students from the control group. In contrast, the test group received the same information, but medicinal chemistry elements of statins were inserted, and afterward post-test was applied. The scores from the pre-test and post-test were statistically evaluated and used to calculate Cohen’s d, Hake’s, and Dellwo’s G learning gains to compare the performance of the students from both groups. The results showed that students from the test group obtained significantly higher performance in the post-test and higher learning gain values. In summary, medicinal chemistry elements provided important knowledge to unveil the reported clinical situation and to provide skills for adequate drug selection to avoid statin-related myopathy.

Abstract This study aimed to develop a bromelain-based gel and evaluate its effects in a ligature-induced periodontitis model in rats. The bromelain-based gel was formulated in two concentrations (1% and 10%). Ten animals were used per group: Control, Periodontitis, Periodontitis + Neutral Gel, Periodontitis + 1% Bromelain Gel, Periodontitis + 10% Bromelain Gel and Periodontitis + 2% Chlorhexidine Gel. The clinical parameters of tooth mobility (TM), gingival bleeding index (GBI) and probing pocket depth (PPD) were evaluated and, after euthanasia, gingival and liver tissue were collected by biopsy for biochemical evaluation of myeloperoxidase (MPO), malonaldehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and from the jaws for morphometric analysis of alveolar bone height. The clinical parameters of MT, GBI and PPD of the groups treated with bromelain gel showed a significant reduction (MT = 67.04%, GBI = 67.72% and PPD = 41.22%) compared to the group with periodontitis. The results for MPO dosage in the gingival tissue showed statistically significant differences between the groups when compared to the group with periodontitis, MDA and GSH showed promising results in the groups treated with gels in the dosages of gingival and liver tissue. The results for ABL showed significant differences when compared to the groups that received gel treatment. Therefore, the bromelain orabase gel evaluated in periodontitis showed a positive response for the following parameters TM, GBI and PPD, MPO, MDA and ABL of the oral tissues, preventing alveolar bone resorption caused by the disease, highlighting the potential as an adjuvant treatment of periodontitis, in addition to reducing the systemic effects on the liver tissue.

Resumo: Objetivo Buscamos entender como as amebas testáceas se espalham em novos locais, avaliando seu potencial de dispersão pelo vento e por animais em ecossistemas de água doce. Métodos Realizamos um experimento de campo durante 33 dias entre julho e agosto de 2018. O estudo incluiu quatro abordagens diferentes: (i) um grupo controle exposto exclusivamente ao vento, (ii) a adição de propágulos dispersos por Odonata (insetos aquáticos), (iii) a adição de propágulos dispersos por anfíbios, e (iv) a adição combinada de propágulos de ambos os animais. Resultados Detectamos um total de 13 espécies de amebas testáceas. Em termos de riqueza de espécies, observamos um aumento constante ao longo do período experimental. Em termos de abundância, observou-se uma tendência semelhante, com diferenças no tratamento de todos os vectores combinados, quando comparados os tratamentos com somente vento, e da combinação do vento com os vetores de forma isolada, indicando uma possível colonização progressiva destes organismos no novo ambiente aquático. Relativamente à composição das amebas testadas, não foram detectadas diferenças significativas entre tratamentos dentro de cada período ou entre os diferentes tratamentos ao longo da experiência. Conclusões Nossos resultados demonstram a importância dos vetores animais no transporte de cistos de amebas testáceas.

Abstract: Aim We aimed to understand how testaceous amoebae spread in new sites, assessing their dispersal potential by wind and animals in freshwater ecosystems. Methods We conducted a field experiment over 33 days between July and August 2018. The study included four different approaches: (i) a control group exposed exclusively to wind, (ii) the addition of propagules dispersed by Odonata (aquatic insects), (iii) the addition of propagules dispersed by amphibians, and (iv) the combined addition of propagules of both animals. Results We detected a total of 13 species of testate amoebae. Regarding species richness, we observed a steady increase throughout the experimental period. In terms of abundance, a similar trend was observed, with differences in the treatment of all vectors combinated, when comparing the treatments with only wind, and the combination of wind and vectors alone, indicating a possible progressive colonization of these organisms in the new aquatic environment. Regarding the composition of testate amoebae, we did not detect significant differences between treatments within each period or between different treatments throughout the experiment. Conclusions Our results demonstrate the importance of animal vectors in the transport of testate amoebae cysts.

ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the effects of lycopene supplementation on inflammation, lung histopathology and systemic DNA damage in an experimentally induced lung injury model, ventilated by conventional mechanical ventilation and high-frequency oscillatory ventilation, compared with a control group. Methods Fifty-five rabbits sampled by convenience were supplemented with 10mg/kg lycopene for 21 days prior to the experiment. Lung injury was induced by tracheal infusion of warm saline. The rabbits were randomly assigned to the control group and subjected to protective conventional mechanical ventilation (n = 5) without supplementation or the experimental group that was subjected to acute lung injury and provided conventional mechanical ventilation and high-frequency oscillatory ventilation with and without lycopene supplementation (n = 10 rabbits in each group). Lung oxidative stress and the inflammatory response were assessed based on the number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, DNA damage and pulmonary histological damage. Results A significant worsening of oxygenation and a decrease in static lung compliance was noted in all groups after pulmonary injury induction (partial pressure of oxygen before 451.86 ± 68.54 and after 71 ± 19.27, p < 0.05). After 4 hours, the high-frequency oscillatory ventilation groups with and without lycopene supplementation as well as the group receiving protective conventional mechanical ventilation with lycopene supplementation showed significant oxygenation improvement compared with the protective conventional mechanical ventilation group without supplementation (partial pressure of oxygen of the group with mechanical ventilation without lycopene of 102 ± 42, of the group that received conventional protective mechanical ventilation with lycopene supplementation of 362 ± 38, of the high-frequency group without lycopene supplementation of 420 ± 28 and of the high-frequency group with lycopene supplementation of 422 ± 25; p < 0.05). Compared with rabbits not receiving supplementation, those in the groups that received protective conventional mechanical ventilation with lycopene supplementation and high-frequency oscillatory ventilation with lycopene supplementation had significantly less inflammation as well as less histological injury (p < 0.05). Compared with rabbits subjected to protective conventional mechanical ventilation, significantly lower DNA damage was observed in rabbits supplemented with lycopene (p < 0.05). Conclusion Lycopene supplementation reduces inflammatory and histopathological lung injuries, regardless of the associated ventilatory mode. In addition, lycopene improved oxygenation and reduced DNA damage when protective conventional mechanical ventilation was used.

Resumo Objetivo Comparar o efeito da fidelidade do manequim na simulação sobre os níveis de satisfação e autoconfiança com a aprendizagem de estudantes de graduação em enfermagem em relação a administração de medicamento intravenoso ao paciente crítico. Métodos Ensaio clínico randomizado, paralelo, duplo cego. Os participantes do estudo foram alocados em Grupo Experimental (manequim de alta fidelidade) e Grupo Controle (manequim de baixa fidelidade) e expostos a sessão de simulação. Nos momentos pré, imediatamente após e 30 dias após a simulação os estudantes preencheram a Escala de Satisfação do Estudante e Autoconfiança na Aprendizagem. Foram utilizados os testes estatísticos Mann Whitney, Qui-quadrado, teste de Wilcoxon e Exato de Fisher. Adotou-se nível de significância de 5%, considerados significativos resultados com valor p ≤ 0,05. Resultados Foram avaliados 60 estudantes (31 no Grupo Experimental e 29 no Grupo Controle). Foi significante a redução da satisfação (p = 0,02) e da autoconfiança (p < 0,001) ao longo do período de 30 dias no grupo controle. No grupo experimental verificou-se sustentação dos níveis de satisfação e autoconfiança nas diferentes etapas do estudo. Conclusão A alta fidelidade do manequim não se mostrou efetiva para o desenvolvimento de habilidades não técnicas como a satisfação e a autoconfiança quando comparado a baixa fidelidade na administração de medicamentos intravenosos no paciente crítico por estudantes de enfermagem.

Abstract Objective To compare the effect of the manikin in the simulation on levels of satisfaction and self-confidence with the learning of undergraduate nursing students in relation to the administration of intravenous medication to critically ill patients. Methods Randomized, parallel, double-blind clinical trial. Study participants were allocated to the Experimental Group (high-fidelity manikin) and Control Group (low-fidelity manikin) and exposed to the simulation session. Before, immediately after and 30 days after the simulation, students filled out the Student Satisfaction and Self-Confidence in Learning Scale. The Mann Whitney, Chi-square, Wilcoxon test and Fisher’s exact statistical tests were used. A significance level of 5% was adopted, with results considered significant with a p-value ≤ 0.05. Results 60 students were evaluated (31 in the Experimental Group and 29 in the Control Group). There was a significant reduction in satisfaction (p = 0.02) and self-confidence (p < 0.001) over the 30-day period in the control group. In the experimental group, levels of satisfaction and self-confidence were maintained in the different stages of the study. Conclusion The high fidelity of the manikin was not effective for the development of non-technical skills such as satisfaction and self-confidence when compared to low fidelity in the administration of intravenous medications to critically ill patients by nursing students. ClinicalTrials.gov register: NCT03828526

Resumen Objetivo Comparar el efecto de la fidelidad del maniquí en simulación sobre los niveles de satisfacción y autoconfianza en el aprendizaje de estudiantes universitarios de enfermería con relación a la administración de medicamentos intravenosos a pacientes críticos. Métodos Ensayo clínico aleatorizado, paralelo, doble ciego. Los participantes del estudio fueron asignados a un grupo experimental (maniquí de alta fidelidad) y a un grupo de control (maniquí de baja fidelidad) y tuvieron una sesión de simulación. Los estudiantes completaron la Escala de Satisfacción y Autoconfianza en el Aprendizaje en tres momentos: antes, inmediatamente después y 30 días después de la simulación. Se utilizaron las pruebas estadísticas Mann Whitney, Ji cuadrado, prueba de Wilcoxon y Exacto de Fisher. Se adoptó un nivel de significación del 5 %, donde los resultados con valor p ≤ 0,05 se consideraron significativos. Resultados Sesenta estudiantes fueron evaluados (31 en el grupo experimental y 29 en el grupo de control). La reducción de la satisfacción (p=0,02) y de la autoconfianza (p<0,001) fue significativa a lo largo del período de 30 días en el grupo de control. En el grupo experimental, se verificó que se mantuvieron los niveles de satisfacción y autoconfianza en las diferentes etapas del estudio. Conclusión La alta fidelidad del maniquí no demostró ser efectiva para desarrollar habilidades no técnicas, como la satisfacción y la autoconfianza, en comparación con el de baja fidelidad, en la administración de medicamentos intravenosos en pacientes críticos por parte de estudiantes de enfermería. ClinicalTrials.gov register: NCT03828526

This study investigated the efficacy of a commercial phytogenic-based premixed feed additive (PFA) in treating combined Lawsonia intracellularis and Brachyspira hyodysenteriae infections in finishing pigs, with tiamulin/lincomycin treatment as the control. Pigs aged 20 weeks were allocated to PFA treatment (11 pens, 45 pigs per pen) and control (7 pens, 43 pigs per pen) groups for a seven-week experimental period. Floor faecal samples and rectal swabs were collected weekly, and the percentage of pigs per pen with diarrhoea was recorded weekly. The bacterial contents of the samples were determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction, and at the end of the experiment, histological changes in ileal samples were examined. There was an intermittent decrease in L. intracellularis in the control group (from 4.85 to 0.82 DNA log10 copies/μl) and a continuous reduction in L. intracellularis in the PFA group (from 5.69 to 0.64 DNA log10 copies/μl) over a six-week period. B. hyodysenteriae was not detected in rectal swabs from the control group at week six, and an intermittent decrease in B. hyodysenteriae, from 3.04 to 0.26 DNA log10 copies/μl, was observed in the PFA group. Bacterial DNA in the floor faecal samples declined during the seven-week experimental period, as found for the rectal swabs. There were no cases of diarrhoea from week two onwards in the control group and week three onwards in the PFA group. The results of this study indicate that a PFA rich in essential oils has a therapeutic effect comparable to that of tiamulin/lincomycin in pigs with proliferative enteropathy and swine dysentery.

The Schröeder-van Laar equation to predict the theoretical eutectic melting temperature values was applied to a set of fourteen binary mixtures (UR1 to UR14). The fourteen binary mixtures belong to a structurally diverse group of organic molecules. They are represented by the 5-membered heterocycles containing N-S and N-O rings, flexible methylene chains (RH), semi-rigid semi-fluorinated chains (RF), and hydrogen bonds (HB). A virtual screening totalizing ninety-one possible theoretical combinations was planned. The UR1 to UR14 were prepared by mixing individual components using the calculated mole fractions. The experimental (Te) and theoretical (Tt) temperatures for the eutectic melting points were determined using polarized optical microscopy (POM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques. Heterogeneous mixtures were formed for components with large structural diversity as seen by POM. During the melting of the mixtures, irregular behavior through the segregation of the components was recorded. The study showed that the similarities in structural diversities favor the formation of homogeneous mixtures, with Te values approaching Tt, as predicted by the Schröeder-van Laar equation and by the theory of eutectic mixtures. Liquid crystal properties were affected in homogeneous binary mixtures containing one of the individual liquid crystal components. Schröedervan Schröeder van UR (UR UR14. . UR14) molecules 5membered membered 5 NS N S NO O rings RH, RH , (RH) semirigid semi rigid semifluorinated fluorinated RF, RF (RF) HB. HB (HB) ninetyone ninety planned fractions (Te Tt (Tt POM (POM DSC (DSC techniques recorded (RH (RF (HB

RESUMO O quiabeiro (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) é uma cultura pouco estudada, quando comparada a outras espécies da família Malvaceae, por isso apresenta grande potencial para estudos, principalmente, na área de melhoramento genético. A caracterização morfológica é uma etapa de pré-melhoramento que pode ser realizada através de descritores quantitativos e/ou qualitativos. Sendo assim, esse trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar morfologicamente acessos comerciais de quiabeiro para delimitar um programa de melhoramento para a cultura. O experimento foi conduzido na área experimental do Instituto Federal de Alagoas - Campus Piranhas, utilizando o delineamento em blocos casualizados, com cinco tratamentos em cinco repetições. As plantas e os frutos foram caracterizados através dos descritores qualitativos. Foi utilizada a técnica de agrupamento hierárquico baseado na média não ponderada dos pares de acessos (UPGMA) para agrupar os acessos. A maior distância genética foi visualizada entre os acessos Santa Cruz-47 e Clemson Americano 80 e a menor entre os acessos Cariri e Apuim. Houve a formação de dois grupos pelo método de agrupamento UPGMA, sendo o grupo I formado pelos acessos Clemson Americano 80 e Canindé, e o grupo II dos demais acessos (Cariri, Apuim e Santa Cruz-47). Híbridos viáveis podem ser obtidos a partir de cruzamentos entre acessos do grupo I e do grupo II. Abelmoschus L Moench estudada Malvaceae estudos principalmente genético prémelhoramento pré eou ou qualitativos assim Piranhas casualizados repetições UPGMA (UPGMA Cruz47 Cruz 47 Cruz-4 8 Canindé Cariri, (Cariri Cruz47. . Cruz-47) Cruz4 4 Cruz-

ABSTRACT Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) has been less studied compared to other crop species of the family Malvaceae, thus presenting high potential for research, mainly in genetic improvement. Morphological characterization is a pre-breeding step that can be conducted using quantitative and qualitative descriptors. Thus, the objective of this study was to morphologically characterize commercial okra accessions to provide a foundation for breeding programs in this crop species. The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of the Federal Institute of Alagoas, Piranhas, AL, Brazil, using a randomized block design with five treatments and five replications. Okra plants and fruits were characterized through qualitative descriptors, using a hierarchical clustering of accessions based on Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA). The greatest genetic distance was found between the Santa Cruz-47 and Clemson Americano-80 accessions, whereas the lowest distance was found between the Cariri and Apuim accessions. The UPGMA analysis resulted in two accession groups: group I consisting of Clemson Americano-80 and Canindé accessions, and group II consisting of Cariri, Apuim, and Santa Cruz-47 accessions. Viable hybrids can be obtained from crossings between accessions of group I and group II. Abelmoschus L Moench Malvaceae research improvement prebreeding pre descriptors Thus Alagoas Piranhas AL Brazil replications UPGMA. . (UPGMA) Cruz47 Cruz 47 Cruz-4 Americano80 Americano 80 Americano-8 groups (UPGMA Cruz4 4 Cruz- Americano8 8 Americano-