RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a associação entre a participação em exercícios físicos relacionados ao fitness (EFRF) e a insatisfação com a imagem corporal (IIC) em adolescentes e avaliar a interação entre os exercícios físicos e o estado nutricional nesta associação. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado em 2015 com 799 adolescentes (10 a 16 anos) de 14 escolas públicas de Curitiba (PR), Brasil. A IIC foi avaliada por meio do Body Shape Questionnaire e da Escala de Silhuetas. A participação em EFRF foi avaliada pelo Questionário de Atividade Física para Adolescentes e classificada em “não pratica”, “pratica ≤300 minutos/semana” e “pratica >300 minutos/semana”. As regressões de Poisson e logística multinomial, ajustadas por sexo, maturação sexual e estado nutricional, analisaram a associação entre EFRF e IIC. Resultados: A prevalência de IIC foi de 28,3%; 52,4% dos adolescentes queriam reduzir a silhueta e 48,7% não praticavam a EFRF. Adolescentes que praticavam EFRF >300 minutos/semana tiveram prevalência 28% maior para algum nível de IIC (razão de prevalência — RP 1,28; intervalo de confiança de 95% — IC95% 1,08–1,52) e chance 46% menor de querer reduzir silhuetas (OR 0,54; 95IC% 0,35–0,82), comparados aos não praticantes. Não houve interação entre os EFRF e o estado nutricional na associação com IIC. Conclusões: Os adolescentes que praticam EFRF >300 minutos/semana estão mais propensos a apresentar algum nível de IIC e têm menores chances de reportar o desejo de aumentar silhuetas, independentemente do estado nutricional. Objetivo (EFRF (IIC Métodos 201 79 10 (1 1 anos PR, PR , (PR) Brasil Silhuetas pratica, pratica pratica” 300 ≤30 minutossemana minutos semana >30 minutos/semana. . multinomial sexo Resultados 28,3% 283 28 3 524 52 4 52,4 487 48 7 48,7 razão 1,28 128 95 IC95 IC 1,08–1,52 108152 08 46 OR 0,54 054 0 54 95IC 0,35–0,82, 035082 0,35–0,82 35 82 0,35–0,82) praticantes Conclusões 20 ( (PR 30 ≤3 >3 28,3 2 5 52, 48, 1,2 12 9 IC9 1,08–1,5 10815 0,5 05 03508 0,35–0,8 8 ≤ > 28, 1, 1,08–1, 1081 0, 0350 0,35–0, 1,08–1 108 035 0,35–0 1,08– 03 0,35– 1,08 0,35 1,0 0,3

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the association between participation in fitness-related exercises (FRE) and body image dissatisfaction (BID) in adolescents and evaluate the interaction between physical exercise and nutritional status in this association. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2015 involving 799 adolescents (10–16 years old) from 14 public schools in Curitiba (PR), Brazil. BID was assessed using the Body Shape Questionnaire and the Silhouette Scale. The FRE was classified as “does not practice,” “practices ≤300 min/week,” and “practices >300 min/week” by the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents. Poisson and multinomial logistic regressions, adjusted for sex, sexual maturation, and nutritional status analyzed the association of FRE and BID. Results: The BID prevalence was 28.3%; 52.4% of the adolescents wanted to reduce their silhouettes; and 48.7% did not practice FRE. Adolescents who practiced FRE >300 min/week had a 28% higher prevalence for some level of BID (PR 1.28; 95%CI 1.08–1.52) and a 46% lower chance of wanting to reduce silhouettes (OR 0.54; 95%CI 0.35–0.82), compared to nonpractitioners. There was no interaction between FRE and nutritional status in association with BID. Conclusions: The adolescents who practice FRE >300 min/week are likely to have some level of BID and are less likely to report the desire to increase their silhouettes, regardless of their nutritional status. Objective fitnessrelated fitness related (FRE (BID Methods crosssectional cross sectional 201 79 10–16 1016 10 16 (10–1 old 1 PR, PR , (PR) Brazil Scale does practice, practices 300 ≤30 min/week, minweek min week >30 regressions sex maturation Results 28.3% 283 28 3 524 52 4 52.4 487 48 7 48.7 1.28 128 95CI CI 95 1.08–1.52 108152 08 46 OR 0.54 054 0 54 0.35–0.82, 035082 0.35–0.82 35 82 0.35–0.82) nonpractitioners Conclusions 20 10–1 101 (10– 30 ≤3 >3 28.3 2 5 52. 48. 1.2 12 9 1.08–1.5 10815 0.5 05 03508 0.35–0.8 8 10– (10 ≤ > 28. 1. 1.08–1. 1081 0. 0350 0.35–0. (1 1.08–1 108 035 0.35–0 ( 1.08– 03 0.35– 1.08 0.35 1.0 0.3

Abstract: This essay offers critical considerations of historicism alongside other disciplines of modernity. I frame the exercise as a close and careful engagement - over more than three decades - with the work of Dipesh Chakrabarty, who has raised key questions around historicism in his influential Provincializing Europe. My endeavour has five steps. To begin with, I provide a brief sketch of Dipesh’s oeuvre. Second, I trace how Chakrabarty’s provocations can be read as pointing toward post-coloniality and modernity as necessarily contradictory, contended, and contingent procedures and perspectives. Third, the essay tracks pathways that PE haltingly intimates and partially illuminates, but that the work chiefly shies of treading. Fourth, this allows me to open up instead the different registers of historicism, the hermeneutical, and the analytical, including their mutual interplay and formidable entanglements, as formative of modern knowledges. Fifth and finally, these steps help foreground my own explorations of modernity, which access but also exceed Chakrabarty’s concerns. Here, braiding together theory and narrative, anthropology and history, I focus on modern institutionalized non-nomothetic human sciences. These formations of knowledge intimate not just modern disciplines but disciplines of modernity. Such contradictory and contrary disciplines are founded in the interplay between the Enlightenment and Counter-Enlightenment, progressivism and romanticism, the analytical and the hermeneutical, and empire and nation.

Resumen Este ensayo aborda consideraciones críticas sobre el historicismo junto con otras disciplinas de la modernidad. Esbozo este ejercicio como un diálogo estrecho y cuidadoso -a lo largo de más de tres décadas- con la obra de Dipesh Chakrabarty, quien ha planteado cuestiones clave en torno al historicismo en su influyente publicación Provincializing Europe (en adelante, PE). Mi trabajo consta de cinco pasos. Para empezar, haré un breve resumen de la obra de Dipesh. En segundo lugar, analizaré cómo los postulados de Chakrabarty se pueden leer en tanto apuntan hacia la poscolonialidad y la modernidad como procedimientos y perspectivas necesariamente contradictorias, contendientes y contingentes. En tercer lugar, el ensayo explora los caminos que PE sugiere de forma vacilante e ilumina parcialmente, pero que se abstiene de recorrer por completo. En cuarto lugar, esto me permite ampliar los diferentes registros del historicismo, la hermenéutica y la analítica, incluyendo su interacción mutua y sus formidables entrelazamientos como elementos formativos de los saberes modernos. En quinto y último lugar, estos pasos contribuyen a poner en primer plano mis propias exploraciones sobre la modernidad, que responden pero también exceden las preocupaciones de Chakrabarty. Aquí, entrelazando teoría y narrativa, antropología e historia, me centro en las ciencias humanas modernas institucionalizadas no nomotéticas. Estas formaciones de conocimiento no sólo implican disciplinas modernas, sino disciplinas de la modernidad. Estas disciplinas contradictorias y contrarias se fundan en la interacción entre la Ilustración y la Contrailustración, el progresivismo y el romanticismo, lo analítico y lo hermenéutico, y el imperio y la nación.

Abstract The text explores the relevance of counterfactual history in the academic field, highlighting its usefulness in historical interpretation. Quentin Deluermoz and Pierre Singaravélou, in their work A Past of Possibilities: A History of What Could Have Been (2016), argue that this approach, far from being mere speculation, offers a moral and political dimension by enabling reflection on what might have been. Counterfactual history is taken as an exercise in imagination and experimentation which is crucial for understanding the past. As exemplified in literature and media, this perspective invites consideration of alternative futures, thus enriching the historical narrative. This orientation challenges the traditional perception of history, emphasizing its contingent nature and broadening the understanding of past events.

Resumen El texto explora la relevancia de la historia contrafactual en el ámbito académico, destacando su utilidad en la interpretación histórica. Quentin Deluermoz y Pierre Singaravélou, en su obra A Past of Possibilities: A History of What Could Have Been (2016), argumentan que este enfoque, lejos de ser mera especulación, ofrece una dimensión moral y política al permitir reflexionar sobre lo que pudo haber sido. La historia contrafactual se entiende como un ejercicio de imaginación y experimentación vital para comprender el pasado. Ejemplificada en la literatura y medios, esta perspectiva invita a considerar futuros alternativos, enriqueciendo así la narrativa histórica. Esta orientación desafía la percepción tradicional de la historia, subrayando su naturaleza contingente y ampliando la comprensión de los eventos pasados.

Abstract Introduction: The nursing process is the method that allows us to administer care to people with chronic diseases through the disease stages, that is, assessment, diagnostic reasoning, nursing care plan and evaluation. Objective: Evaluate a nursing care plan for an older adult with type 2 diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis with a focus on therapeutic health education. Methodology: Observational, descriptive, and longitudinal clinical case study of a 63-year-old patient with diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis; the Marjory Gordon instrument was used for assessment, and standardized language was used for diagnostic reasoning, planning, execution and evaluation. Under bioethical principles, this is a minimal risk research, and the privacy and data of the elderly are protected. Results: Alteration was found in the pattern of perception/maintenance of health, nutritional/metabolic, exercise activity and coping with stress; with the establishment of activities to control glucose, priority was given to prescribed diet, exercise, adherence to treatment and coping with stress. Acceptance of the disease, learning to take capillary glucose and glycemic control was achieved, as well as adherence to the prescribed diet and exercise. Conclusions: Therapeutic health education achieved adherence to pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment, as well as the acceptance of the health status, which allows acquiring self-control of the disease. Continuous and long-term follow-up is important due to the pathological progress, age and general deterioration of the patient.

Abstrato Introdução. O processo de enfermagem é o método que nos permite administrar a assistência a pessoas com doenças crônicas por meio dos estágios da doença, ou seja, avaliação, raciocínio diagnóstico, plano de assistência de enfermagem e avaliação. Objetivo: Avaliar um plano de cuidados de enfermagem para um adulto mais velho com diabetes mellitus tipo 2 e osteoporose com foco na educação terapêutica em saúde. Metodologia: Estudo de caso clínico observacional, descritivo e longitudinal de uma paciente de 63 anos com diabetes mellitus e osteoporose; para a avaliação foi utilizado o instrumento Marjory Gordon para raciocínio diagnóstico, planejamento, execução e avaliação, para raciocínio diagnóstico, planejamento, execução e avaliação, foi utilizada a linguagem padronizada. De acordo com os princípios bioéticos, essa é uma pesquisa de risco mínimo, e a privacidade e os dados dos idosos são protegidos. Resultados: Foi encontrada alteração no padrão de percepção/manutenção da saúde, nutricional/metabólico, atividade física e enfrentamento do estresse; com o estabelecimento de atividades para controlar a glicose, a prioridade foi dada à dieta prescrita, aos exercícios, à adesão ao tratamento e ao enfrentamento do estresse. Houve aceitação da doença, aprendizado da medição da glicose capilar e controle glicêmico, além de adesão à dieta e aos exercícios prescritos. Conclusões: A educação terapêutica em saúde conseguiu a adesão ao tratamento farmacológico e não farmacológico, bem como a aceitação do estado de saúde, que permite adquirir o autocontrolo da doença, sendo importante a monitorização contínua e a longo prazo da evolução patológica, da idade e da deterioração geral do paciente.

Resumen Introducción: El proceso de enfermería es el método que nos permite administrar los cuidados a personas con enfermedades crónicas a través de sus etapas: valoración, razonamiento diagnóstico, plan de cuidados de enfermería y evaluación. Objetivo: Evaluar un plan de cuidados de enfermería a una adulta mayor con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 y osteoporosis con enfoque a la educación para la salud terapéutica. Metodología: Estudio de caso clínico, observacional, descriptivo y longitudinal, a paciente de 63 años con diabetes mellitus y osteoporosis; para la valoración se empleó el instrumento de Marjory Gordon, para el razonamiento diagnóstico, planeación, ejecución y evaluación se utilizó el lenguaje estandarizado de enfermería. Bajo los principios bioéticos es una investigación de riesgo mínimo, se protege la privacidad y datos del adulto mayor. Resultados: Se encontró alteración en el patrón percepción / mantenimiento de la salud, nutricional / metabólico, actividad ejercicio y afrontamiento del estrés; estableciendo actividades para el control de su glucosa, se priorizó en dieta prescrita, ejercicio, adherencia al tratamiento y afrontamiento al estrés. Se logró aceptación de la enfermedad, aprendizaje de toma de glucosa capilar y control glucémico, además del apego a dieta y ejercicio prescrito. Conclusiones: La educación para la salud terapéutica logró el apego al tratamiento farmacológico y no farmacológico, así como la aceptación del estado de salud le permite adquirir el autocontrol de su enfermedad, es importante el seguimiento continuo y a largo plazo por el avance patológico, edad y deterioro general de la paciente.

Abstract Purpose: To analyze the role of the community assembly as a determining instrument to exercise governance in local indigenous politics, because the various disputes between political factions erode the social fabric and increase the inequality gap. Methodological design: A qualitative, ethnographic study in the municipality of San Luis Amatlán, Oaxaca. Fifteen in-depth interviews were carried out with authorities throughout the municipality and with the adult population. The analysis was done with the analytical categories of governance in the Internal Regulatory Systems, in addition to the participants’ opinion on the performance of the municipal administrator. Results: It was found that the recovery of the municipal community assembly, as well as the assemblies in agencies and rancherías caused greater trust among the participants, together with an increase in the possibility of tracing a joint route to recover local governance through the election of the municipal council. Limitations of the study: Although the ethnographic approach sought to give voice to multiple community actors and social sectors, the research had a greater relationship with the authorities because they coexist more closely with the resource administration processes and their oversight. Findings: The community assembly is a fundamental element of the Internal Regulatory Systems which are consistent with the local customs and habits. The function of the assembly is not only to build consensus, it also acts as a means of control and administrative surveillance. Also, there is persistent conflict derived from the institutional design of indigenous municipalities, which have forms of resolution in their uses and customs such as the assembly, which is a space to address problems directly and without intermediaries.

Resumen Objetivo: Analizar el rol de la asamblea comunitaria como instrumento determinante para ejercer gobernanza en la política local indígena, ya que las diversas disputas entre facciones políticas erosionan el tejido social e incrementan la brecha de desigualdad. Diseño metodológico: Es de tipo cualitativo con una etnografía en el municipio de San Luis Amatlán, Oaxaca. Se realizaron 15 entrevistas a profundidad con autoridades en todo el municipio y con población adulta. El análisis se hizo con las categorías analíticas de gobernanza en los Sistemas Normativos Internos, además de la opinión sobre la figura de administrador municipal. Resultados: Se constató que la recuperación de la asamblea comunitaria municipal, así como las asambleas en agencias y rancherías, provocó mayor confianza entre las partes y la posibilidad de trazar una ruta conjunta para recobrar la gobernanza local a través de la elección del cabildo municipal. Limitaciones del estudio: Aunque la etnografía buscó dar voz a múltiples actores y sectores sociales comunitarios, la investigación tuvo mayor relación con las personas autoridades ya que éstas conviven con mayor cercanía con los procesos de administración de los recursos y su contraloría. Hallazgos: La asamblea comunitaria es un elemento fundamental en los Sistemas Normativos Internos, los cuales están insertos en los usos y costumbres indígenas y su función no sólo es construir consensos, sino que además actúa como medio de contraloría y vigilancia administrativa. También existe persistente conflictividad derivada del diseño institucional de los municipios indígenas, los cuales tienen formas de resolución en sus usos y costumbres como la asamblea, la cual es un espacio para abordar problemas de forma directa y sin intermediarios.

Abstract Articulating the ethics of care and cyberfeminism, this article analyzes how imaginaries about abortion and access to abortion have changed in the central highlands of Ecuador. For this purpose, a qualitative methodology is used through semi-structured interviews with a group of young Indigenous women leaders in the province of Chimborazo. In this province, abortion has gradually ceased to be a latent and silenced issue in community agendas and has become part of the conversations of women’s groups. The article illustrates how the influence of the fourth wave of feminism and the Green Wave movement, linked to the use of social networks, has permeated certain community discourses and has influenced the possibility for young Indigenous women in this province to access information and to exercise, in the company of other women, their right to abortion. In this sense, it is concluded that the use of online social networks promotes the weaving of offline networks, which allows women, beyond their geographical location, to have more access to information and, therefore, more possibility of exercising their sexual and reproductive rights.

Resumen Articulando la ética del cuidado y el ciberfeminismo, en este artículo se analiza cómo han cambiado los imaginarios sobre el aborto y el acceso al mismo en la Sierra central del Ecuador. Para ello se emplea una metodología cualitativa a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas a un grupo de jóvenes lideresas indígenas en la provincia de Chimborazo. En dicha provincia el aborto ha ido dejando poco a poco de ser un tema latente y silenciado en las agendas comunitarias, para convertirse en parte de las conversaciones de los grupos de mujeres. Se ilustra cómo la influencia de la cuarta ola del feminismo y del movimiento Marea Verde, ligada al uso de las redes sociales, ha permeado ciertos discursos comunitarios y ha incidido en la posibilidad de que las jóvenes indígenas de esta provincia accedan a información y puedan ejercer, en compañía de otras mujeres, su derecho al aborto. En este sentido, se concluye que el uso de las redes sociales online promueve el tejido de redes offline, lo cual permite a las mujeres, más allá de su ubicación geográfica, tener más acceso a información y, por tanto, más posibilidad de ejercer sus derechos sexuales y reproductivos.

Resumo Este artigo reflete sobre a necessidade urgente de fortalecimento dos valores democráticos e do exercício da cidadania desde a infância frente à crescente implantação do modelo de militarização em escolas públicas brasileiras. Parte-se da análise das diretrizes do Programa Nacional das Escolas Cívico-Militares (PECIM), estabelecido entre 2019 e 2022. Foram realizados estudos bibliográfico e documental, buscando responder às questões: Que tipo de cidadão a escola pública tende a formar por meio da cidadania praticada nos padrões de ensino, valores e comportamentos adotados pelos militares? Que ethos valorativo norteia a defesa dos militares no comando da gestão e dos processos educativos das escolas públicas brasileiras? Em oposição à militarização escolar, defende-se um projeto de educação para a democracia, fundamentado no exercício da cidadania desde a infância, com vistas à efetivação de um com vistas à efetivação de um ethos valorativo mais afinado com a sociedade democrática e com a garantia de direitos e de justiça social. brasileiras Partese Parte se CívicoMilitares Cívico Militares PECIM, PECIM , (PECIM) 201 2022 documental questões ensino escolar defendese defende democracia social (PECIM 20 202 2

Abstract This article reflects on the urgent need to strengthen democratic values and the exercise of citizenship from childhood onwards, in view of the growing implementation of the militarization model in Brazilian public schools today. It starts with the analysis of the guidelines of the National Program of Civic-Military Schools (PECIM) between 2019 and 2022. Bibliographic and documentary studies were carried out seeking to answer the questions: What type of citizen does public school tend to form through citizenship practiced in the teaching standards, values and behaviors adopted by the military? What ethos of values guides the defense of the military in command of the management and educational processes of Brazilian public schools? In opposition to school militarization, an education project for democracy based on the exercise of citizenship since childhood is defended, with a view to implementing an ethos of values more in tune with a democratic society and the guarantee of rights and social justice. onwards today CivicMilitary Civic Military PECIM (PECIM 201 2022 questions standards defended justice 20 202 2

Abstract Introduction: Exercise is being incorporated into the treatment of patients on hemodialysis; however, little is known about the major characteristics of these interventions. Objective: To describe the exercise protocols prescribed for hemodialysis patients in Brazil. Methods: A scoping review was conducted following JBI and Prisma-ScR guidelines. Searches were carried out in Medline, Embase and three other databases until May 2024. Other sources (websites, books and guidelines) were also investigated. Evidence from patients on hemodialysis describing exercise protocols in all settings and designs in Brazil was included. Results: Forty-five pieces of evidence were found, resulting in 54 exercise protocols from 16 Brazilian states. Strength exercises (33.3%), followed by aerobic exercises (22.2%), were the most prescribed, mainly to be performed during dialysis (85.2%). The most prevalent professionals supervising the programs were physiotherapists and exercise physiologists (37.0% and 18.5%, respectively). All protocols implemented the principles of type and frequency training, while progression was adopted in only 53.7%. The main prescription was three times per week (88.9%). Exercise intensity was predominantly determined by subjective methods (33.3%). Conclusion: Aerobic and strength exercises during dialysis were the most commonly prescribed modalities in Brazil, with the majority of programs being properly supervised by qualified professionals. However, existing protocols have not employed systematic progression throughout the intervention, which would be appropriate for providing better physiological responses and adaptations. Introduction however interventions Objective Methods PrismaScR Prisma ScR guidelines Medline 2024 websites, websites (websites investigated included Results Fortyfive Forty five found 5 1 states 33.3%, 333 33.3% , 33 3 (33.3%) 22.2%, 222 22.2% 22 2 (22.2%) 85.2%. 852 85.2% . 85 (85.2%) 37.0% 370 37 0 (37.0 185 18 18.5% respectively. respectively respectively) training 537 53 7 53.7% 88.9%. 889 88.9% 88 9 (88.9%) 33.3%. Conclusion However intervention adaptations 202 33.3 (33.3% 22.2 (22.2% 85.2 8 (85.2% 37.0 (37. 18.5 53.7 88.9 (88.9% 20 33. (33.3 22. (22.2 85. (85.2 37. (37 18. 53. 88. (88.9 (33. (22. (85. (3 (88. (33 (22 (85 ( (88 (2 (8

Resumo Introdução: O exercício físico está sendo incorporado ao tratamento de pacientes em hemodiálise, porém pouco se sabe sobre as principais características dessas intervenções. Objetivo: Descrever os protocolos de exercício físico prescritos para pacientes em hemodiálise no Brasil. Métodos: Uma revisão de escopo foi conduzida de acordo com as diretrizes JBI e Prisma-ScR. Foram realizadas pesquisas na Medline, Embase e em outras três bases de dados até maio de 2024. Outras fontes (sites, livros e diretrizes) também foram pesquisadas. Foram incluídas evidências de pacientes em hemodiálise, descrevendo protocolos de exercício físico em todos os ambientes e desenhos no Brasil. Resultados: Encontradas 45 evidências, resultando em 54 protocolos de exercício físico de 16 estados brasileiros. O exercício de força (33,3%), seguido do exercício aeróbico (22,2%), foi o mais prescrito para ser realizado durante a diálise (85,2%). Os profissionais mais prevalentes na supervisão dos programas foram fisioterapeutas e profissionais de educação física (37,0% e 18,5%, respectivamente). Todos os protocolos adotaram os princípios de treinamento tipo e frequência, enquanto a progressão foi adotada em apenas 53,7%. A frequência mais prescrita foi três vezes por semana (88,9%). A intensidade do exercício foi determinada predominantemente por métodos subjetivos (33,3%). Conclusão: Os exercícios aeróbicos e de força durante a diálise foram as modalidades mais prescritas no Brasil, com a maioria dos programas sendo adequadamente supervisionada por profissionais qualificados. No entanto, os protocolos existentes não adotaram a progressão sistemática no decorrer da intervenção, o que seria adequado para proporcionar melhores respostas e adaptações fisiológicas. Introdução intervenções Objetivo Brasil Métodos PrismaScR. PrismaScR Prisma ScR. ScR Prisma-ScR Medline 2024 sites, sites (sites pesquisadas Resultados 4 5 1 brasileiros 33,3%, 333 33,3% , 33 3 (33,3%) 22,2%, 222 22,2% 22 2 (22,2%) 85,2%. 852 85,2% . 85 (85,2%) 37,0% 370 37 0 (37,0 185 18 18,5% respectivamente. respectivamente respectivamente) 537 53 7 53,7% 88,9%. 889 88,9% 88 9 (88,9%) 33,3%. Conclusão qualificados entanto intervenção fisiológicas 202 33,3 (33,3% 22,2 (22,2% 85,2 8 (85,2% 37,0 (37, 18,5 53,7 88,9 (88,9% 20 33, (33,3 22, (22,2 85, (85,2 37, (37 18, 53, 88, (88,9 (33, (22, (85, (3 (88, (33 (22 (85 ( (88 (2 (8

ABSTRACT. This paper analyzes the involuntary dissolution remedy devised for Chilean closely held corporations, focusing on a procedural perspective. Although the 1981 Chilean Corporations Act gives some indications, several aspects related to the procedure are indirectly or even not regulated, such as the scope of judicial discretion or the arbitrability of the conflict. In addition to these issues, the object of the process is studied, which defines the nature of the dissolution decree, who are the necessary parties, and how the execution of the judgment and corporate liquidation relate to each other.

RESUMEN. Este trabajo analiza la acción de disolución judicial, prevista para la sociedad anónima cerrada chilena, desde un punto de vista procesal. Aunque la Ley sobre Sociedades Anónimas de 1981 ofrece algunas indicaciones, varios puntos relativos al ejercicio de este remedio no son regulados o lo son de forma indirecta, como el alcance de la discrecionalidad judicial o la arbitrabilidad del conflicto. Además de esos puntos, se estudia el objeto del proceso, que determina el carácter constitutivo de la sentencia estimatoria, a quiénes corresponde la legitimación activa y pasiva, y cómo se relacionan cumplimiento de la sentencia y liquidación societaria.

RESUMEN Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación educativa cuyo propósito fue comprender la influencia de las prácticas educativas en el proceso autorregulatorio de los estudiantes en Colombia. El enfoque metodológico fue de tipo cualitativo con un alcance descriptivo que buscó detalles sobre el hacer docente y el aprendizaje de aula. La muestra se compone de 137 participantes distribuidos en 90 estudiantes, 24 docentes y 23 padres de familia a quienes se les aplicaron una ficha de caracterización, una entrevista y un grupo focal a lo largo de 9 zonas del país: Garzón (Huila), Fortul (Arauca), Bucaramanga (Santander), Bogotá, Tenjo, Guayabal de Siquima (Cundinamarca), Urabá, Medellín, Rionegro (Antioquia), Ibagué (Tolima), Granada (Meta), Santiago de Cali (Valle del Cauca) y Almaguer (Cauca). Para el análisis de la información se contó con una matriz de triangulación y su posterior ejercicio interpretativo. Los resultados muestran que la práctica docente fomenta en los estudiantes su autonomía y su autocontrol a la hora de aprender, mientras que se ve la necesidad de brindar formación sobre las pautas de monitoreo parental. En ese sentido, se reconoce que la educación en contexto a partir de los juegos, la creatividad y el trabajo en grupo incentivan las habilidades de autorregulación del aprendizaje como la metacognición, el monitoreo, la delegación de tareas, la planeación y proyección de las metas a alcanzar.

ABSTRACT This article shows the results of an educational research whose purpose was to understand the influence of educational practices on the self-regulatory process of students in Colombia. The methodological approach was qualitative with a descriptive scope that sought details about the teaching process and classroom learning. The sample is made up of 137 participants distributed among 90 students, 24 teachers and 23 parents to whom a characterization sheet, an interview and a focus group are applied throughout 9 areas of the country: Garzón (Huila), Fortul. (Arauca), Bucaramanga (Santander), Bogotá, Tenjo, Guayabal de Siquima (Cundinamarca), Urabá, Medellín, Rionegro (Antioquia), Ibagué (Tolima), Granada (Meta), Santiago de Cali (Valle del Cauca) and Almaguer (Cauca). For the analysis of the information, a triangulation matrix was used and its subsequent interpretative exercise. The results show that teaching practice encourages students' autonomy and self-control when learning, while there is a need to provide training on parental monitoring guidelines. In this sense, it is recognized that education in context based on games, creativity and group work encourages self-regulation learning skills such as metacognition, monitoring, delegation of tasks, planning and projection of goals to reach.

RESUMEN En el marco de la presente investigación se analiza la relevancia del diálogo social en los establecimientos de privación de la libertad, así como del acceso de las personas privadas de libertad al derecho al trabajo, el cual incluye de manera evidente la oportunidad de desempeñar empleos remunerados. Con el propósito de precisar el diálogo social, resulta indispensable profundizar en las teorías que impulsan y fundamentan el trabajo, tales como las teorías económicas, políticas y sociales. Además, se requiere examinar detenidamente el reconocimiento del diálogo social en los instrumentos internacionales y comprender su alcance con relación a las personas privadas de su libertad que ejercen el derecho al trabajo, a través de una metodología cualitativa y teórica. En definitiva, el objetivo es explorar la participación democrática de las personas privadas de libertad, permitiéndoles acceder a condiciones laborales dignas que resultan fundamentales para lograr una efectiva reinserción en la sociedad. En este sentido, se reflexiona sobre los objetivos de la pena, se resalta la importancia fundamental del trabajo como elemento central para la reintegración social y la participación democrática de las personas privadas de libertad con la promoción del diálogo social para establecer políticas criminales como la creación de contratos de trabajo especiales que a su vez sean beneficiosos, tanto para las personas privadas de libertad como para la sociedad.

ABSTRACT Within the framework of this research, an analysis will be carried out on the relevance of social dialogue in prison establishments, as well as the access of people deprived of liberty to the right to work, which obviously includes the opportunity to perform paid jobs. To specify social dialogue, it is essential to delve deeper into the theories that drive and underpin the work, such as economic, political, and social theory. Furthermore, it is necessary to carefully examine the recognition of social dialogue in the International Instruments and understand its scope in relation to people deprived of their liberty who exercise the right to work, through a qualitative and theoretical methodology. Ultimately, the objective is to promote the democratic participation of people deprived of liberty, allowing them to access decent working conditions that are essential to achieve effective reintegration into society. In this sense, we reflect on the objectives of punishment and highlight the fundamental importance of work as a central element for the social reintegration and democratic participation of people deprived of liberty with the promotion of social dialogue to establish criminal policies that in turn, may be beneficial both for people deprived of liberty and for society.

Abstract The research analyzes the variables that influence the strengthening of business and tax culture through knowledge management. Methodologically, it is a study with a qualitative and analytical approach. The study highlights the importance of knowledge management as a catalyst for improving organizational culture and tax compliance in companies. Variables such as effective communication allow the organization to improve tax and administrative management through the individual knowledge of each employee. The acquisition of skills and knowledge through training and education strengthens the resilience of individuals to regulatory changes. Technology, used as a management and process optimization tool, reduces error variability while increasing efficiency and performance. Teamwork in the execution of tasks facilitates more efficient planning and optimal allocation of individual responsibilities. Finally, by implementing a risk management approach, it is possible to exercise greater diligence in the early detection of errors and minimize their impact on the ongoing business development context.

Resumen La investigación analiza las variables que influyen en el fortalecimiento de la cultura empresarial y tributaria a través de la gestión del conocimiento. A nivel metodológico es un estudio con enfoque cualitativo y analítico. El estudio destaca la importancia de la gestión del conocimiento como un catalizador para mejorar la cultura organizacional y el cumplimiento tributario en las empresas. Variables como la comunicación efectiva, permite en la organización el mejoramiento en la gestión tributaria y administrativa por medio del conocimiento individual de cada trabajador; la adquisición de habilidades y conocimientos a través de la formación y capacitación fortalece la resiliencia de los individuos ante las modificaciones regulatorias; la tecnología, utilizada como un instrumento para la gestión y optimización de los procesos, reduce la variabilidad de errores, al tiempo que aumenta la eficiencia y el rendimiento; el trabajo en equipo en la ejecución de tareas facilita una planificación más eficiente y una asignación óptima de las responsabilidades individuales; y finalmente, mediante la implementación de un enfoque de gestión de riesgos, es posible ejercer una mayor diligencia en la detección temprana de fallos y en la minimización de su impacto en el contexto del desarrollo del negocio en marcha.

Resumen (Objetivo) En este articulo se describe el proceso de elaboración de una Guia de valoración de la idoneidad didáctica de un proceso de estudio del concepto de diferencial de una función. El objetivo que se persigue es proponer un instrumento que promueva, oriente y apoye el análisis y la reflexión del profesorado en torno a los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje del concepto de diferencial. (Metodologia) El metodo de investigación empleado es el análisis de contenido y toma como punto de partida la revision sistematica de los conocimientos didactico-matematicos en investigaciones claves. El análisis esta orientado por las dimensiones o facetas que intervienen en un proceso educativo: epistémica, cognitiva, afectiva, instruccional y ecologica cuyos componentes y criterios se fundamentan en noción de idoneidad didáctica propuesta por el enfoque ontosemiotico del conocimiento y la instrucción matemáticos (EOS). (Resultados) La construccion de la Guia de valoración de la idoneidad didáctica introduce una metodologia para la reconstruccion del significado de referencia para el estudio de la diferencial en sus diversas facetas. Ademas, esta guía representa una herramienta potente para el profesor en el momento del diseño, implementación y valoración de procesos de estudio teniendo en cuenta los diversos significados de la diferencial, sus conexiones, sus potenciales conflictos semióticos y sus relaciones con otros conceptos. (Conclusiones) En línea con el marco teorico de referencia, se concluye que su uso idoneo permitiria al profesor tomar decisiones didácticas argumentadas sobre la propia gestión del proceso didactico teniendo en cuenta el contexto educativo.

Resumo (Objetivo) Este artigo descreve o processo de elaboração de um guia para avaliar a adequação didatica de um processo a fim de estudar o conceito de diferencial de uma função. O objetivo buscado e propor um instrumento que promova, oriente e apoie a analise e a reflexão dos professores sobre os processos de ensino e aprendizagem do conceito de diferencial. (Metodologia) O metodo de pesquisa utilizado e a analise de conteúdo e tem como ponto de partida a revisão sistematica do conhecimento didatico-matematico em pesquisas-chave. A analise esta norteada pelas dimensões ou facetas que intervêm em um processo educacional: epistêmica, cognitiva, afetiva, instrucional e ecologica cujos componentes e criterios se baseiam na noção de adequação didatica proposta pela abordagem ontosemiotica do conhecimento e da instrução matematica (EOS). (Resultados) A construção do Guia de avaliação da adequação didatica introduz uma metodologia para a reconstrução do significado de referência para o estudo da diferencial em suas varias facetas. Alem disso, esse guia representa uma ferramenta poderosa para o professor ao projetar, implementar e avaliar processos de estudo, levando em conta os diferentes significados da diferencial, suas conexões, seus possiveis conflitos semioticos e suas relações com outros conceitos. (Conclusões) De acordo com o marco teorico de referência, conclui-se que seu uso ideal permitiria que o professor tomasse decisões didaticas fundamentadas sobre a propria gestão do processo didatico, considerando o contexto educacional.

Abstract (Objective) This article describes the process of preparing a Guide for the Assessment of Didactic Suitability of a process for studying the concept of the differential of a function. The objective of this exercise was to propose an instrument to promote, guide and support teachers’ analysis of, and reflection on, teaching and learning processes of the differential concept. (Methodology) The research method used was content analysis, and its starting point was a systematic review of didactic-mathematical knowledge in key research. The analysis was guided by the dimensions or facets that characterize an educational process - epistemic, cognitive, affective, instructional and ecological - whose components and criteria are based on the notion of didactic suitability proposed in the Onto-semiotic Approach to Mathematical Knowledge and Instruction (OSA). (Results) The construction of the Didactic Suitability Assessment Guide introduced a methodology for the reconstruction of the reference meaning for the study of various facets of the differential. In addition, this guide represents a powerful tool for teachers at the time of designing, implementing. and evaluating study processes, taking into account the various meanings of the differential, its connections, its potential semiotic conflicts and its relationships with other concepts. (Conclusions) In line with the theoretical reference framework, it is concluded that its ideal use would allow teachers to make informed decisions about management of the didactic process, taking into account its educational context.

Abstract In 1824, the legislation of the young republic determined that the states would have the right to receive the part of the decimal mass that in viceregal times belonged to the monarch. This caused conflicts between the civil and ecclesiastical authorities that can only be observed from the regional scope. The purpose of this article is to analyze how the government of Durango tried to take its corresponding part of the gross decimal, the response of the clergy to that claim, and the results of the conflict between the state and the Cathedral of Durango. For the analysis, the perspective of fiscal history is fundamental, since it enables the examination of activities related to the exercise of state power. Therefore, this work aims to broaden the knowledge of fiscal organization during the first decades of independent life in Mexico. Thus, by using state and federal legislation, both state and clerical accounting documents, and communications between both instances, it is possible to conclude that the problems in the state of Durango were not a mere reflection of the struggles of the national government.

Resumen En 1824, la legislación de la joven república determinó que los estados contarían con el derecho de recibir la parte de la masa decimal que en tiempos virreinales perteneció al monarca. Esto provocó conflictos entre la autoridad civil y la eclesiástica que sólo pueden ser observados desde el ámbito regional. El objetivo del presente artículo es analizar cómo el gobierno de Durango intentó tomar su parte correspondiente de la gruesa decimal, la respuesta del clero ante esa pretensión y los resultados del conflicto entre el estado y la Catedral de Durango. Para el análisis, resulta fundamental la perspectiva de la historia fiscal, pues ésta permite indagar en las actividades propias del ejercicio del poder estatal. De tal manera que este trabajo pretende contribuir al conocimiento sobre la organización fiscal de las primeras décadas de la vida independiente en México. Así, mediante el uso de la legislación, estatal y federal, documentos contables tanto estatales como clericales y comunicaciones entre ambas instancias es posible concluir que las problemáticas del estado de Durango no fueron un mero reflejo de las pugnas del gobierno nacional.

Abstract The study of the practice of sacred music in the cities and towns of the viceroyalty of New Spain has been a subject scarcely dealt by musicologists and historians. This void is increased when trying to glimpse what the development of music and its performers became during the nineteenth century, after the independence. This article presents data related to some important aspects of the musical exercise of the time within the temples. The research finds, after the period of emancipation, a continuity in the practice of sacred music, patent both in the books of office and dating of the brotherhoods as in other documents. It also identifies, after the Reform Laws, a series of ecclesiastical provisions that attempted to remove from the sacred halls theatrical and profane music, as well as the participation of women in singing. Through documents from the parish archives and printed sources of the time, the purpose is to show some lines of development that are important to understand religious musical life in nineteenth-century society.

Resumen El estudio de la práctica de la música sacra en las ciudades y los pueblos del virreinato de la Nueva España ha sido un tema poco trabajado por musicólogos e historiadores. Ese vacío se magnifica al tratar de vislumbrar cuál fue el desarrollo de la música y de sus ejecutantes durante el siglo XIX, después de la independencia. El presente artículo expone datos obtenidos sobre algunos aspectos relevantes del ejercicio musical de la época al interior de los templos. La investigación encuentra, tras el periodo de emancipación, una continuidad en la práctica de la música sacra, patente tanto en los libros de cargo y data de las cofradías como en otros documentos. También identifica, después de las Leyes de Reforma, una serie de disposiciones eclesiásticas que intentaron eliminar de los recintos sagrados la música teatral y profana, así como la participación de las mujeres en el canto. Mediante documentos procedentes de los archivos parroquiales y fuentes impresas de la época, se pretende mostrar algunas líneas de desarrollo que son importantes para entender la vida musical religiosa en la sociedad decimonónica.