Abstract This research examines the relationship between the transmission of entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and socio-emotional wealth (SEW), and their implications for family firms' innovation. To achieve this, a single case study was conducted on a Spanish family business through interviews and document review. Data were analyzed using thematic and critical incident analysis. The findings of the case study underscore that the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and socio-emotional wealth is intricate and has significant implications for innovation. The dynamic relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and socio-emotional wealth is characterized by a mutually reinforcing symbiosis, which contributes to ensure the long-term survival of the analyzed family business.

Resumen Esta investigación examina la relación entre la transmisión de la orientación emprendedora (OE) y la riqueza socioemocional (SEW), así como sus implicaciones para la innovación dentro de las empresas familiares. Para ello, se llevó a cabo un estudio de caso único sobre una empresa familiar española mediante entrevistas y revisión documental. Los datos fueron analizados utilizando análisis temático y análisis de incidentes críticos. Los hallazgos de este estudio de caso destacan que la relación entre la Orientación Emprendedora y la Riqueza Socioemocional en empresas familiares es compleja y posee importantes implicaciones para la innovación. La interrelación dinámica entre la orientación emprendedora y la riqueza socioemocional se caracteriza por una simbiosis que se refuerza mutuamente, lo que contribuye a garantizar la supervivencia a largo plazo de la empresa familiar analizada.

Resumen Representa una necesidad actual comprender y analizar el emprendimiento, como medio para identificar tendencias y guiar futuras investigaciones. El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar la producción científica acerca del emprendimiento en la base de datos Scopus durante el periodo 2011-2021. Se recolectaron 4,245 artículos de la base de datos Scopus a través de una búsqueda sistemática de palabras claves y filtros con el método prisma. El análisis bibliométrico se realizó empleando los softwares de acceso libre VosViewer y Bibliometrix R. Como resultado se caracterizaron tendencias, se identificaron autores predominantes, países con implicancia en el desarrollo del emprendimiento, así como la evidencia del cumplimiento de la ley de Lotka en la producción científica. El análisis evidenció una tendencia hacia los ecosistemas empresariales; además se halló que el emprendimiento se encuentra vinculado a la innovación y los países que destacan a nivel global son Estados Unidos y China; mientras que en el mundo hispano fueron España y México. Finalmente se encontró evidencia que el emprendimiento promueve el desarrollo económico de las sociedades, particularmente de aquellas que requieren un impulso económico sostenido.

Abstract There is a current need to understand entrepreneurship as a means of identifying trends and guiding future research. The objective of this study was to analyze the scientific production on entrepreneurship in the Scopus database during the period 2011-2021. A total of 4,245 articles were collected from the Scopus database through a systematic keyword search and filters using the prism method. The bibliometric analysis was carried out using the open access software VosViewer and Bibliometrix R. As a result, trends were characterized, predominant authors were identified, countries with implications for the development of entrepreneurship, as well as evidence of compliance with Lotka's law in scientific production. The analysis showed a trend towards entrepreneurial ecosystems; It was also found that entrepreneurship is linked to innovation and the countries that stand out globally are the United States and China; while in the Hispanic world it was Spain and Mexico. Finally, evidence was found that entrepreneurship promotes the economic development of societies, particularly those that require a sustained economic boost.

ABSTRACT Professional orientation and entrepreneurship emerge as a necessary relationship in Cuban Higher Education, taking into account the need to stimulate the training of entrepreneurial students with professional life projects that enable their contribution to the municipality as a space for the common good. By virtue of what has been expressed, the article intends to socialize an educational strategy aimed at gradually promoting entrepreneurship, from the professional orientation process. The proposal was structured into three specific strategic actions: redefinition of entrepreneurship as a process and result, training for the pedagogical group and the design of professional orientation workshops "Youth, entrepreneurship and local development." For this, a qualitative methodology was used that considers the interpretation of the results from a dialectical conception, with the use of historical-logical methods, modeling and the help of documentary analysis and the Iadov technique for the evaluation of the proposal. The results reveal the potential of an educational strategy that contains actions and operations that favor the training of entrepreneurial students with professional life projects that stimulate the use of knowledge for prosperous, sustainable, equitable and inclusive municipal development.

RESUMO A orientação profissional e o empreendedorismo surgem como uma relação necessária no Ensino Superior cubano, tendo em conta a necessidade de estimular a formação de estudantes empreendedores com projetos de vida profissional que possibilitem a sua contribuição para o município como espaço de bem comum. Em virtude do exposto, o artigo pretende socializar uma estratégia educativa que visa promover gradativamente o empreendedorismo, a partir do processo de orientação profissional. A proposta foi estruturada em três ações estratégicas específicas: redefinição do empreendedorismo como processo e resultado, formação do grupo pedagógico e concepção de oficinas de orientação profissional "Juventude, empreendedorismo e desenvolvimento local". Para isso, utilizou-se uma metodologia qualitativa que considera a interpretação dos resultados a partir de uma concepção dialética, com utilização de métodos histórico-lógicos, modelagem e auxílio da análise documental e da técnica de Iadov para a avaliação da proposta. Os resultados revelam o potencial de uma estratégia educacional que contenha ações e operações que favoreçam a formação de estudantes empreendedores com projetos de vida profissional que estimulem o uso do conhecimento para o desenvolvimento municipal próspero, sustentável, equitativo e inclusivo.

RESUMEN Orientación profesional y emprendimiento, emergen como una relación necesaria en la Educación Superior cubana, teniendo en cuenta la necesidad de estimular la formación de estudiantes emprendedores con proyectos de vida profesionales que posibiliten su aporte al municipio como espacio de bien común. En virtud de lo expresado, el articulo tiene la intención de socializar una estrategia educativa orientada a potenciar de modo gradual el emprendimiento, desde el proceso de orientación profesional. La propuesta se estructuró en tres acciones estratégicas específicas: resignificación del emprendimiento como proceso y resultado, la capacitación al colectivo pedagógico y el diseño de talleres de orientación profesional "Juventud, emprendimiento y desarrollo local". Para ello, se utilizó una metodología cualitativa que pondera la interpretación de los resultados desde una concepción dialéctica, con el empleo de los métodos histórico-lógico, la modelación y el auxilio del análisis documental y la técnica de Iadov para la evaluación de la propuesta. Los resultados develan, las potencialidades de una estrategia educativa que contiene acciones y operaciones que favorece la formación de estudiantes emprendedores con proyectos de vida profesionales que estimulan el uso del conocimiento en función un desarrollo municipal prospero, sostenible, equitativo e incluyente.

Resumen: La orientación emprendedora es crucial para que los agricultores desempeñen su actividad económica con mayor crecimiento. El entorno institucional y la colaboración juegan un papel importante para desarrollar habilidades de emprendimiento. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el efecto mediador de las redes de colaboración en la relación de los pilares institucionales y la orientación emprendedora de los campesinos. Se tomó como base la teoría neoinstitucional, la teoría del capital social y la teoría de los recursos y capacidades. Se hizo un estudio empírico con base en un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales. Se realizó un levantamiento de información con 192 productores agrícolas localizados en el estado de Aguascalientes. En la postura emprendedora, la proactividad fue más importante que arriesgarse o ser más innovador para abarcar con mayor profundidad el mercado. La mediación de las redes de colaboración entre los agricultores ayuda con los costos de las regulaciones, el desconocimiento del entorno institucional y la administración de la actividad agrícola.

Abstract: Entrepreneurial orientation is crucial for farmers to carry out their economic activity with greater growth. The institutional environment and collaboration play an important role in de veloping entrepreneurial skills. The objective of this study was to determine the mediating effect of collaboration networks in the relationship between institutional pillars and the entrepreneurial orientation of peasants. The neoinstitutional theory, the theory of social capital and the theory of resources and capabilities are taken as a theoretical basis. It is an empirical study based on a structural equation model. An information survey was carried out with 192 agricultural producers located in the state of Aguascalientes. Relevant results were obtained on the involvement of the entrepreneurial stance, taking into account that the dimension of proactivity is more important than taking risks or being more innovative to cover the market in greater depth. An important finding was that the mediation of collaborative networks between farmers helps lower the costs of regulations and overcome the lack of knowledge about the institutional context and agricultural activity management.

ORIENTATION: Once appointed, business rescue practitioners and turnaround professionals are faced with critical decision making of whether a distressed venture contains an opportunity as judged by reasonable prospect. RESEARCH PURPOSE: This study investigated and explored the application of 'effectuation theory' principles and/or causation elements to the distressed venture opportunity (DVO) decision making. MOTIVATION FOR THE STUDY: Effectuation is applied by experts to an entrepreneurial opportunity, and it was important to investigate whether effectuation and its principles would inform practitioners for better decision making when evaluating a DVO. RESEARCH DESIGN, APPROACH AND METHOD: A qualitative study was conducted with 15 business rescue practitioners (BRPs) from the Gauteng province. The data were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews and a thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. MAIN FINDINGS: This study reveals that all five effectuation principles and some causation elements are applicable to the DVO judgement. The findings indicate that both effectuation and causation are applied in a complementary manner depending on the context PRACTICAL AND/OR MANAGERIAL IMPLICATIONS: This study highlights the importance of applying effectuation and causation elements for practitioners to achieve success. By applying both logics, BRPs can build resilience in their strategies, be creative in adapting to solutions as they arise and engage with stakeholders in the business rescue process. CONTRIBUTION AND/OR VALUE ADD: This study extended the application of effectuation theory to distressed venture environments, offering insights into how practitioners can make better decisions when evaluating a DVO.

ORIENTATION: Entrepreneurial orientation (EO), knowledge management (KM), human resource management (HRM) and knowledge sharing (KS) are important aspects in driving innovation capabilities (IC) to improve organisational performance (OP RESEARCH PURPOSE: The purpose of this research was to analyse the mediating effect of IC on individual EO, KM, HRM and KS and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) performance MOTIVATION FOR THE STUDY: The fluctuation in batik business performance can be attributed to a lack of studies that examine the dynamic capability perspective in the context of batik SMEs in developing countries. RESEARCH DESIGN, APPROACH AND METHOD: A quantitative approach was used for this study. A structured self-administrative measuring instrument was employed to collect the data. A non-probability sample of 297 participants was obtained. The collected data were then analysed using SmartPLS3 software. MAIN FINDINGS: Innovation capabilities have been verified to significantly mediate the relationship between HRM and KS on OP. Innovation capabilities mediated the relationship between KS and OP in a negative direction, whereas previous studies indicate a positive direction PRACTICAL/MANAGERIAL IMPLICATIONS: Entrepreneurial orientation has the most prominent role in OP in batik SMEs. An EO allows business actors to optimise their creativity and innovation to develop ideas, which helps maximise the growth of OP in SMEs. CONTRIBUTION/VALUE-ADD: This study's results support the concept that EO develops various skills, from managing uncertainty to tolerating risk and forming strong entrepreneurial abilities to improve business performance.

BACKGROUND: This article presents the outcomes of research testing, from a consumer perspective, for a relationship between iconic branding (IB) and the entrepreneurial orientation (EO) driving that brand. Reviewed literature on IB and EO posits that internal stakeholders, such as brand owners, managers and employees, do perceive the relationship but the consumer's view as the external stakeholder is understudied. AIM: This study aimed to discover whether consumers, as external stakeholders, perceive a relationship between IB and EO SETTING: This study investigated the relationship between the IB and EO of an iconic brand food retail chain store in South Africa from the perspective of the brand's consumers. METHODS: The study followed a quantitative case study research design. Data were collected using an online questionnaire randomly administered to probable consumers of the brand of interest. Analysis of variance, Fisher's exact test and multivariate analysis of variance were some statistical techniques applied to test the hypothesised relationships. RESULTS: The study found that contrary to suggestions in the extant literature, consumers largely perceive a statistically significant difference between the brand of interest's IB and its EO attributes, and they did not perceive a relationship between the IB construct and EO variables. Furthermore, males and females did not perceive IB or EO in the same way. CONCLUSION: Brand managers seeking to foster consumer awareness of the relationship between IB and EO must aim to include more entrepreneurial-orientated branding into the IB and adopt differentiated strategies based on gender. CONTRIBUTION: The findings narrowed the gap in the literature by adding a consumer perspective on the relationship between IB and EO.

PURPOSE: Ambidextrous SME innovations and technology models have led to success stories in the past. They face new challenges due to increasing uncertainty in the business environment. Purpose: The study reviews ambidexterity literature to determine trends and themes existing in the body of literature on ambidexterity. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: The study employed a bibliometric and Vosviewer analysis of 1808 articles published on Scopus database from 1999-2022. The study used several indicators including data overview (scientific production in the area and three field-plot), conceptual structure (co-occurrence network, thematic map, and evolution), keyword analysis, and thematic mapping. FINDINGS/RESULTS: The analysis indicated five main themes on which the ambidexterity literature focuses. The results revealed that the key themes in ambidexterity literature are continuous innovation, knowledge management, dynamic capabilities, entrepreneurial and market orientation, enterprise resource management (ERM), and business performance. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: The review highlighted that SMEs struggle more in dynamic business environments. Business changes in recent years have proved the importance of innovation, ERM, knowledge management, and dynamic capabilities as beneficial factors for achieving enhanced performance. ORIGINALITY/VALUE: The analysis reveals several links in literature and valuable insights into possible models that can be scaled up and replicated across different industries. Themes in the domain mainly focussed on knowledge management, firm performance, digital transformation, open innovation, dynamic capabilities as well as entrepreneurial and marketing orientation The proposed business model can assist SMEs owners and managers in swiftly adapting to unpredictability in the changing business climate caused by the recent pattern of events.

PURPOSE: This article establishes a connection between entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and firm performance, exploring the mediating effects of knowledge-based capabilities (KBC), social media use capabilities (SMUCs) and customer relationship management capabilities (CRMCs), with moderation by environmental dynamism (ED). Utilising the resource-based view (RBV) framework and a mediation moderation model, the research empirically explores these connections DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: Data were gathered via a survey from 900 listed firms in Ethiopia and China, spanning manufacturing and service industries. The questionnaire underwent translation into Chinese and Amharic from English. A quantitative approach, utilising convenience sampling for survey distribution, was employed. SPSS 24 software facilitated mediation analysis, revealing no concerns related to discriminant validity FINDINGS/RESULTS: The findings affirm the positive impacts of EO on KBC, SMUC and CRMC in China, while only on SMUC in Ethiopia. In addition, a positive mediation of KBC, SMUC and CRMC between EO and firm performance. Additionally, ED moderated the link between SMUC, CRMC and firm performance PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Our study recommends that policymakers and managers should invest in training programmes and information technology, organising workshops to educate staff on the effective use of social media tools. This investment holds substantial potential for dynamically transforming business models, processes and customer trends ORIGINALITY/VALUE: This study adds to the current body of knowledge by exploring EO-firm performance correlation, incorporating the mediating effects of KBC, SMUC and CRMC while considering the moderating influence of ED

Abstract Despite the increase in the trend of research on innovation capacity in SMEs, no reviews of previous literature focused on business sustainability were found. Therefore, this study aimed to carry out a narrative analysis of the literature on the facilitators of innovation capabilities in SMEs and their mediators in business sustainability, through the narrative literature review of 81 documents through the Scopus databases. and WoS and a brief descriptive analysis of the scientific production through Scopus. The reviewed literature leads to the conclusion that SMEs that are receptive to external facilitators and fostered by internal facilitators generate innovation capacities and these through mediators contribute to business sustainability in the economic field; with export performance, marketing performance and business orientation, in the environmental field; with green innovation, technological innovation and business orientation and in the social field; with open innovation and entrepreneurial orientation, in order to create competitive advantages for the survival and growth of SMEs in the long term.

Resumen A pesar del incremento en la tendencia de investigaciones sobre la capacidad de innovación en pymes, no se encontraron revisiones de literaturas previas enfocadas a la sostenibilidad empresarial. Por tanto, este estudio tuvo como objetivo realizar un análisis narrativo de literatura sobre los facilitadores de las capacidades de innovación en las pymes y sus mediadores en la sostenibilidad empresarial, mediante la revisión narrativa de literatura de 81 documentos a través de las bases de datos Scopus y WoS y un breve análisis descriptivo de la producción científica a través de Scopus. La literatura revisada lleva a concluir que las pymes que son receptivas a facilitadores externos y que propician los facilitadores internos generan capacidades de innovación y estas a través de mediadores aportan a la sostenibilidad empresarial en el ámbito económico; con desempeño exportador, rendimiento de marketing y orientación empresarial, en el ámbito ambiental; con la innovación verde, innovación tecnológica y orientación empresarial y en el ámbito social; con innovación abierta y orientación empresarial, a fin de crear ventajas competitivas para la supervivencia y el crecimiento de las pymes a largo plazo.

Abstract This study aimed to carry out a bibliometric analysis of the production on International Entrepreneurship IE based on perspectives of the thematic structure of the field using thematic mapping techniques to model the knowledge produced in it. Data from the scientific production on the subject were collected from Scopus and Web of Science databases. Three thematic maps representing the periods of 1995-2004, 2005-2014 and 2015-2022 were yielded in the study. The discussion of results concludes that IE is a research area that has grown significantly since the second period, showing a considerable increase in publications from 127 in the first period to 1,042 in the second. This increase remained constant reaching 1,934 in the third and final period. The themes that stood out the most and were most representative in the field of IE were: performance of companies in IE, innovation, knowledge, entrepreneurial companies, entrepreneurial orientation, management, strategy, model and export behavior. A conceptual variation of the themes was also observed with the performance theme standing out, maintaining a high representativeness in the three periods analyzed with displacements between the basic themes – transversal – and the driving themes. Another highlight was the capabilities theme, which, over time, resulted in the dynamic capabilities theme. As emerging themes, performance, entrepreneurial orientation, entrepreneurship, impact and management appear. Based on the results and conclusions of this study, a research agenda is proposed. it databases 19952004, 19952004 1995 2004, 2004 1995-2004 20052014 2005 2014 2005-201 20152022 2015 2022 2015-202 12 1042 1 042 1,04 1934 934 1,93 innovation orientation strategy behavior which time entrepreneurship appear proposed 1995200 199 200 1995-200 2005201 201 2005-20 2015202 202 2015-20 104 04 1,0 193 93 1,9 199520 19 20 1995-20 200520 2005-2 201520 2015-2 10 0 1, 9 19952 2 1995-2 20052 2005- 20152 2015- 1995-

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma análise bibliométrica da produção sobre Empreendedorismo Internacional (EI). Para tanto, a partir de perspectivas da estrutura temática do campo, foi utilizada a técnica de mapeamento temático para modelar o conhecimento produzido no campo de estudos de EI. Os dados da produção científica sobre o tema foram coletados a partir de consulta nas bases da Scopus e da Web of Science. Emergiram do estudo três mapas temáticos representando os períodos 1995-2004, 2005- 2014 e 2015-2022. O estudo conclui que o EI é uma área de pesquisa que cresceu bastante a partir do segundo período, apresentando um aumento explosivo nas publicações, passando de 127 no primeiro período para 1.042 no segundo. Esse aumento se manteve constante chegando a 1.934 no terceiro e último período. Os temas que mais se destacam e são mais representativos na pesquisa sobre EI foram: desempenho das empresas no EI, inovação, conhecimento, empresas empreendedoras, orientação empreendedora, gestão, estratégia, modelo e comportamento exportador . Nota-se também uma variação conceitual dos temas, em que se destaca o tema desempenho, mantendo uma alta representatividade nos três períodos e com deslocamentos entre os temas básicos – transversais – e os temas-motor. Outro destaque é o tema capabilities , que, com o tempo, derivou no tema dynamic capabilities . Já como temas emergentes aparecem desempenho, orientação empreendedora, empreendedorismo, impacto e gestão. A partir dos resultados e das conclusões deste estudo, é proposta uma agenda de pesquisa. (EI) tanto Science 19952004, 19952004 1995 2004, 2004 1995-2004 2005 201 20152022. 20152022 2015 2022. 2022 2015-2022 publicações 12 1042 1 042 1.04 1934 934 1.93 inovação empreendedoras empreendedora gestão estratégia Notase Nota temasmotor. temasmotor motor. motor temas-motor tempo empreendedorismo (EI 1995200 199 200 1995-200 20 2015202 202 2015-202 104 04 1.0 193 93 1.9 199520 19 1995-20 2 201520 2015-20 10 0 1. 9 19952 1995-2 20152 2015-2 1995- 2015-

Resumem: El objetivo principal de este estudio es analizar la influencia de la capacidad de absorción y la orientación empresarial en la sostenibilidad económica, social y ambiental, del sector hotelero en las regiones turísticas de Santa Catarina. Se trata de una investigación cuantitativa y descriptiva, tipo encuesta, centrada en datos primarios originales. Para la prueba de hipótesis se utilizó la técnica de Modelado de Ecuaciones Estructurales operada a través del Software SmartPLS3.0. Los resultados indican que el constructo sustentabilidad está directa y positivamente influenciado por la capacidad de absorción (ACAP) y por la orientación emprendedora (EO) y que la EO recibe un efecto directo y positivo de la ACAP. Asimismo, estas relaciones se controlan según la clasificación del alojamiento. La originalidad de este estudio radica en la profundización de la influencia de ACAP en la orientación emprendedora y de ambos constructos en la sustentabilidad. Así como, contribuir a los emprendedores del sector del alojamiento en los destinos turísticos, señalando la necesidad de prestar atención al conocimiento que está fuera de la empresa, y que, al ser absorbido, posibilita mejoras en la acción emprendedora y la adopción de prácticas de sostenibilidad en el sector. Resumem económica ambiental Catarina descriptiva encuesta originales SmartPLS30 SmartPLS SmartPLS3 0 SmartPLS3.0 (ACAP (EO Asimismo como turísticos empresa absorbido SmartPLS3.

Abstract: The main objective of this study is to analyze the influence of absorption capacity and entrepreneurial orientation on economic, social and environmental sustainability in the hotel sector in tourist regions of Santa Catarina. This is a research is quantitative and descriptive, of the survey type, focusing on original primary data. The Structural Equation Modeling technique was used to test the hypotheses, through the software program SmartPLS3.0. The results indicate that the sustainability construct is directly and positively influenced by absorption capacity (ACAP) and by entrepreneurial orientation (EO), and that the EO receives a direct and positive effect of ACAP. Also, these relationships are determined by the classification of the accommodation establishment. The originality of this study lies in its deepening of the influence of ACAP on entrepreneurial orientation, and of both constructs on sustainability. It will also provide support to entrepreneurs in the accommodation sector in tourist destinations, indicating the importance of acquiring knowledge from outside the company that, when absorbed, will enable improvements in entrepreneurial action and the adoption of sustainability practices in the sector. Abstract economic Catarina descriptive type data hypotheses SmartPLS30 SmartPLS SmartPLS3 0 SmartPLS3.0 (ACAP EO, , (EO) Also establishment destinations absorbed SmartPLS3. (EO

Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo é analisar a influência da capacidade absortiva e da orientação empreendedora na sustentabilidade econômica, social e ambiental, no setor hoteleiro das regiões turísticas catarinenses. Trata-se de uma pesquisa quantitativa e descritiva do tipo survey com foco em dados primários originais. Fez-se uso da técnica de Modelagem de Equações Estruturais operacionalizada por meio do software SmartPLS3.0 para o teste das hipóteses. Os resultados indicam que o constructo sustentabilidade é influenciado direta e positivamente pela capacidade absortiva (ACAP) e pela orientação empreendedora (OE) e que a OE recebe efeito direto e positivo da ACAP. Ainda, que essas relações são controladas segundo a classificação, por número de estrelas, do meio de hospedagem. A originalidade deste estudo está no aprofundamento da influência da ACAP na orientação empreendedora e de ambos os constructos na sustentabilidade. Bem como, ao contribuir com os empreendedores do setor hoteleiro apontando para a necessidade de manter atenção aos conhecimentos que estão fora da empresa, e que ao serem absorvidos possibilitam melhorias na ação empreendedora e na adoção de práticas de sustentabilidade no setor. Resumo econômica ambiental catarinenses Tratase Trata se originais Fezse Fez SmartPLS30 SmartPLS SmartPLS3 0 SmartPLS3. hipóteses (ACAP (OE Ainda classificação estrelas hospedagem como empresa

ABSTRACT Purpose: This study focuses on analyzing the institutional context and collaborative networks affecting farmers’ entrepreneurial capacity in Mexico. Originality/value: Both the institutional framework and collaborative networks are part of the environment faced by the farmer and empower them to decide about their business, being decisive elements to generate confidence in the environment and reduce the risk of assuming economic responsibilities Design/methodology/approach: We incorporate the moderating effect of the institutional context considering its influence on collaboration networks. The statistical technique of structural equation models was used to test the hypotheses. The sample comprised 192 farmers from the state of Aguascalientes, Mexico. Findings: The results showed significant and positive effects of institutional pillars and collaborative networks on the capacity to undertake. Regarding the non-significant effects of the institutional context as a moderating variable, further research is suggested to review the relationship of institutional pillars with collaboration networks and their possible negative relationship. Institutional pillars represent the perception of the social structure relevant to measuring society’s position regarding the capacities, in this case, of rural entrepreneurship, especially when making public policies. The impact of current government actions on the commercial activity should be considered. Subsequently, public policies must have a practical application by the legal framework and the formation of an environment of certainty based on the normative and cognitive pillars of the institutional context. Purpose Mexico Originality/value Originalityvalue Originality value business Design/methodology/approach Designmethodologyapproach Design methodology approach hypotheses 19 Aguascalientes Findings undertake nonsignificant non variable societys society s capacities case entrepreneurship considered Subsequently 1

RESUMO Objetivo: Este estudo se concentra em analisar o contexto institucional e as redes colaborativas que afetam a capacidade empreendedora dos agricultores no México. Originalidade/valor: Tanto o quadro institucional quanto as redes colaborativas fazem parte do ambiente enfrentado pelo agricultor e o capacitam para decidir sobre seu negócio, sendo elementos decisivos para gerar confiança no meio ambiente e reduzir o risco de assumir responsabilidades econômicas. Design/metodologia/abordagem: Incorporamos o efeito moderador do contexto institucional considerando sua influência nas redes de colaboração. A técnica estatística de modelos de equações estruturais foi utilizada para testar as hipóteses. A amostra foi composta por 192 agricultores do estado de Aguascalientes, México. Resultados: Os resultados mostraram efeitos significativos e positivos dos pilares institucionais e das redes colaborativas sobre a capacidade de empreender. Em relação aos efeitos não significativos do contexto institucional como variável moderadora, sugerem-se novas pesquisas para revisar a relação dos pilares institucionais com as redes de colaboração e sua possível relação negativa. Os pilares institucionais representam a percepção da estrutura social, relevante para mensurar o posicionamento que a sociedade tem em relação às capacidades, nesse caso, do empreendedorismo rural, principalmente na elaboração de políticas públicas. Deve ser considerado o impacto que as atuais ações governamentais estão causando na atividade comercial. Posteriormente, é necessário que as políticas públicas tenham uma aplicação efetiva pelo arcabouço legal e a formação de um ambiente de certeza baseado nos pilares normativos e cognitivos do contexto institucional. Objetivo México Originalidade/valor Originalidadevalor Originalidade valor negócio econômicas Design/metodologia/abordagem Designmetodologiaabordagem Design metodologia abordagem hipóteses 19 Aguascalientes Resultados empreender moderadora sugeremse sugerem negativa social capacidades caso rural comercial Posteriormente 1

ABSTRACT Objective: this study aims to propose and validate with experts a framework with elements for measuring social entrepreneurship for developing countries. Theoretical framework: social entrepreneurship is approached based on elements from the three main schools of thought: European, American, and of developing countries. Methods: the proposed framework was designed based on a literature review of entrepreneurship models indexed in Web of Science and Scopus databases. The dimensions associated with social entrepreneurship and their potential analysis categories were identified, composing a preliminary framework of indicators validated by a panel of experts using the Delphi technique. Results: the model includes elements of entrepreneurship measurement related to the individual and organizational levels, composing four dimensions, namely: social entrepreneurial intention, social entrepreneurial orientation, processes, and outcomes. It shows that social entrepreneurship in developing countries depends on an orientation toward the social, which is reflected in the desire to solve society’s problems. Thus, in addition to economic value, it generates social and environmental value. Conclusions: among the study’s contributions, the development of a form of assessment for social entrepreneurship in a specific context stands out, since no models for measuring social entrepreneurship were found within this context. The results also tend to contribute to the advance of the field, given that it can become a tool, a measurement model that includes the main characteristic elements of both the entrepreneur and the social enterprise. Objective thought European American Methods databases identified technique Results levels namely intention processes outcomes societys society s problems Thus value Conclusions studys contributions out field tool enterprise

RESUMO Objetivo: este estudo objetiva propor e validar com especialistas um framework com os elementos de mensuração do empreendedorismo social para países em desenvolvimento. Marco teórico: o empreendedorismo social é abordado com base em elementos das três principais escolas de pensamento: europeia, americana e dos países em desenvolvimento. Métodos: o framework proposto foi concebido a partir da revisão bibliográfica dos modelos de empreendedorismo indexados nas bases Web of Science e Scopus. Foram extraídas as dimensões associadas ao empreendedorismo social e as suas potenciais categorias de análises, compondo um quadro preliminar de indicadores validados por um painel de especialistas através da técnica Delphi. Resultados: o modelo inclui elementos de mensuração do empreendedorismo relacionados aos níveis individual e organizacional, compondo quatro dimensões, a saber: intenção social empreendedora, orientação social empreendedora, processos, e resultados. Reconhece que o empreendedorismo social nos países em desenvolvimento depende de uma orientação para o social, que se reflete na vontade de solucionar problemas da sociedade, gerando, assim, além de valor econômico, os valores social e ambiental. Conclusões: entre as contribuições deste estudo, destaca-se a promoção de uma forma de avaliação para o empreendedorismo social em países em desenvolvimento, visto que não foram encontrados modelos de mensuração do empreendedorismo social abrangendo este contexto. Além disso, colabora para o avanço do campo, no sentido de que pode se tornar uma ferramenta de mensuração que contempla de forma integrativa os principais elementos característicos ao empreendedor e ao empreendimento social. Objetivo teórico pensamento europeia Métodos Scopus análises Delphi Resultados organizacional saber empreendedora processos resultados sociedade gerando assim econômico ambiental Conclusões destacase destaca contexto disso campo

ABSTRACT Objective: This study aims to analyze the mediation of institutional factors in the relationship between strategic orientations and the propensity of companies, particularly technology-based companies (TBCs), to internationalize in emerging economies. Method: This quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional survey was conducted with a population and sample of 137 Brazilian TBCs. The data were analyzed through correlational and multivariate analysis using the structural equation modeling technique. Results: The findings indicate that institutional factors positively influence the propensity for internationalization of the investigated TBCs. Additionally, these institutional factors mediate the relationship between entrepreneurial strategic orientations and international growth orientation. In other words, entrepreneurship can enhance the international expansion capacity of TBCs, and the institutional environment of the target market often influences the success of this expansion. Conclusion: The presence of mediation, even when there is a strong entrepreneurial orientation, suggests that TBCs do not operate in isolation. Rather, their success is deeply connected to the institutional contexts in which they operate. For an effective international growth strategy, TBCs must focus on their internal capacities and orientations and remain attentive and adaptable to the nuances and demands of the institutional environment. Objective technologybased technology based , (TBCs) economies Method quantitative descriptive crosssectional cross sectional 13 technique Results Additionally orientation words Conclusion isolation Rather strategy (TBCs 1