Resumo: As funções executivas (FE) e a regulação emocional (RE) estão associadas à base dos desenvolvimentos cognitivo e socioemocional de crianças. Em vista da corrente de intervenções neuropsicológicas em FE, o presente estudo buscou investigar se uma intervenção de FE (programa PENcE) seria equivalente, superior ou inferior em relação à intervenção de FE em conjunto com estratégias de RE (programas PENcE e REPENcE) no desempenho executivo, emocional e escolar de alunos do Ensino Fundamental I que foram submetidos a programas de desempenho exclusivamente focados nas FE (PENcE) versus programa misto de FE e RE (PENcE+REPENcE) versus controles. Participaram 111 crianças, dividida em três grupos: grupo 1 recebeu uma intervenção mista com os programas PENcE e REPENcE, grupo 2 realizou somente o PENcE, e grupo 3 foi o grupo controle (currículo escolar). O grupo submetido à intervenção mista apresentou na avaliação pós-intervenção desempenho superior em um maior número de domínios, como, iniciação, velocidade de processamento, consciência corporal, e comunicação das emoções. Deste modo, percebe-se que um programa focado em habilidades de RE pode potencializar e incrementar os desfechos de um programa de estimulação cognitiva exclusivamente de FE.

Resumen: Las funciones ejecutivas (FE) y la regulación emocional (RE) se asocian a partir de los desarrollos cognitivos y socioemocionales de los niños. En vista de las intervenciones neuropsicológicas actuales en FE, el presente estudio buscó investigar si una intervención de FE (programa PENcE) sería equivalente, superior o inferior en relación a la intervención de FE en conjunto con estrategias de RE (programas PENcE y REPENcE) en el desempeño ejecutivo, emocional y académico de estudiantes de la escuela primaria sometidos a programas de desempeño enfocados exclusivamente en FE (PENcE) versus un programa mixto de FE y RE (PENcE+REPENcE) versus controles. Participaron 111 niños, divididos en tres grupos: el grupo 1 recibió una intervención mixta con los programas PENcE y REPENcE, el grupo 2 recibió solo PENcE, y el grupo 3 fue el grupo de control (currículo escolar). El grupo sometido a la intervención presentó un desempeño superior en la evaluación posintervención en un gran número de dominios, como iniciación, velocidad de procesamiento, conciencia corporal y comunicación de emociones. Así, es claro que un programa centrado en las habilidades de RE puede potenciar y aumentar el resultado de un programa de estimulación cognitiva exclusivamente de FE.

Abstract: Executive functions (EF) and emotion regulation (ER) are associated with the basis of children's cognitive and socio-emotional development. In view of the current of neuropsychological interventions in EF, the present study sought to investigate whether an EF intervention (PENcE program) would be equivalent, superior or inferior in relation to the EF intervention in conjunction with ER strategies (PENcE and REPENcE programs) in performance executive, emotional and school performance of elementary school students who underwent performance programs exclusively focused on EF (PENcE) versus a mixed EF and ER program (PENcE+REPENcE) versus controls. One hundred and eleven children participated, divided into three groups: group 1 received a mixed intervention with the PENcE and REPENcE programs, group 2 performed only the PENcE, and group 3 was the control group (school curriculum). The group submitted to the mixed intervention showed superior performance in a greater number of domains, such as initiation, processing speed, body awareness, and communication of emotions, in the post-intervention evaluation. Thus, it is clear that a program focused on ER skills can enhance and increase the outcomes of a cognitive stimulation program exclusively for EF.

Resumen Introducción: La ansiedad, la depresión y el estrés son cada vez más frecuentes, especialmente desde la crisis sanitaria del COVID-19. El objetivo principal de este artículo es analizar el poder predictivo de la edad, el sexo, la inteligencia emocional y la resiliencia respecto a los síntomas ansiosos, depresivos y el estrés en una muestra de población española. Método: Un total de 427 participantes españoles, con edades entre 18 y 83 años, fueron evaluados mediante instrumentos de autoinforme (TMMS-24; BRCS; BASS-21). Se utilizan modelos de regresión jerárquica (RLJ) y metodologías no lineales (modelos de análisis comparativo cualitativo o QCA). Resultados: Los RLJ mostraron que la atención emocional, la claridad y la reparación predecían significativamente la ansiedad, la depresión y el estrés. El género también desempeñó un papel significativo, ya que las mujeres mostraron mayores niveles de ansiedad y estrés. La edad y la resiliencia no fueron predictores significativos en la HRM. Sin embargo, los modelos QCA revelaron otras interacciones: la depresión estaba relacionada con una menor edad, la atención emocional alta y la claridad y la reparación emocional bajas. La ansiedad elevada se predijo por ser mujer, joven, con baja regulación emocional y alta atención emocional. El estrés elevado se asoció con ser mujer, tener baja resiliencia y una atención emocional elevada. Por el contrario, los niveles bajos de depresión, ansiedad y estrés se asociaron de forma consistente con una alta resiliencia y claridad y regulación emocional. Conclusiones: Consideramos que estos resultados son de gran interés para profundizar en el conocimiento de la interacción entre las variables objeto de estudio. De este modo, será posible diseñar intervenciones más eficaces que se beneficien del máximo conocimiento sobre el papel de estas variables.

Abstract Introduction: Anxiety, depression and stress are becoming more and more frequent, especially since the COVID-19 health crisis. The main objective of this study was to analyse the predictive power of age, gender, emotional intelligence, and resilience with respect to anxiety, depression, and stress-related symptoms in a Spanish population sample. Method: A total of 427 Spanish participants, between 18 and 83 years of age, were assessed through self-report instruments (TMMS-24; BRCS; BASS-21). Hierarchical regression models (HRM) and non-linear methodologies (qualitative comparative analysis or QCA models) are used. Results: The HRM showed that emotional attention, clarity, and repair significantly predicted anxiety, depression, and stress. Gender also played a significant role, with women showing higher levels of anxiety and stress. Age and resilience were not significant predictors in the HRM. However, the QCA models revealed more nuanced interactions: high depression was linked to young age, high emotional attention, and low emotional clarity and repair. High anxiety was predicted by being female, young, with low emotional regulation, and high emotional attention. High stress was associated with being female, low resilience, and high emotional attention. Conversely, low levels of depression, anxiety, and stress were consistently associated with high resilience and emotional clarity and regulation. Conclusions: We consider these results to be of great interest for gaining a deeper understanding of the interaction between the variables under study. In this way, it will be possible to design more effective interventions that benefit from the maximum knowledge regarding the role of these variables.

Resumen Introducción: El Cuestionario de Regulación Emocional (ERQ) es implementado para evaluar dos estrategias típicas de gestión de las emociones (reevaluación y supresión). Dicho instrumento ha demostrado presentar validez y confiabilidad suficiente con diferentes poblaciones; no obstante, hasta el momento en Colombia no se ha realizado un análisis exhaustivo de las propiedades psicométricas de dicho instrumento, que incluya invarianza factorial. Método: Se realizó un estudio psicométrico con una muestra de 1500 adultos (749 mujeres), pertenecientes a diferentes regiones de Colombia, por medio de un formulario dispuesto en línea. El análisis de la información se llevó a cabo con los supuestos metodológicos de la teoría clásica de los Test, incluyendo un análisis de invarianza factorial. Resultados: Los ítems del ERQ explican el 55.72 % de la varianza; se identifica, de acuerdo con un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales confirmatorio, que la escala completa funciona conforme a la escala original y otras traducidas en el contexto latinoamericano. De igual manera, se determina que el ERQ cumple con los supuestos de invarianza factorial (excepto según la edad) y presenta adecuados niveles de consistencia interna. Discusión: El ERQ es un instrumento útil para discriminar la capacidad de las personas para regular sus emociones ante demandas que les plantea el contexto social donde interactúan. Se sugiere un estudio posterior para el establecimiento de baremos conforme a grupos de edad.

Abstract Introduction: The Emotional Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) is implemented to evaluate two typical emotion management strategies (reappraisal and suppression). This instrument has shown to present sufficient validity and reliability with different populations. However, up to now in Colombia, an exhaustive analysis of the psychometric properties of said instrument, which includes factorial invariance, has not been carried out. Method: A psychometric study was carried out with a sample of 1,500 adults (749 women), belonging to different regions of Colombia, by way of an online form. The analysis of the information was carried out with the methodological assumptions of the Classical Test Theory, including a factorial invariance analysis. Results: The ERQ items explain 55.72% of the variance; it is identified, according to a confirmatory structural equations model, that the complete scale works according to the original scale and others translated in the Latin American context. In the same way, it is determined that the ERQ complies with the factorial invariance assumptions (except according to age) and presents adequate levels of internal consistency. Discussion: The ERQ is a useful instrument for discriminating people’s ability to regulate their emotions in the face of demands posed by the social context in which they interact. A subsequent study is suggested for the establishment of scales according to age groups.

Resumen Introducción/objetivo: El proceso de envejecimiento saludable implica cambios en las funciones neurobiológicas a varios niveles y se asocia con un ligero deterioro en diversos dominios cognitivos, como las funciones ejecutivas (FE), así como con una mejora de las habilidades emocionales. El objetivo de este estudio es comparar el uso de estrategias de regulación emocional (RE) en jóvenes y adultos mayores y explorar la asociación entre habilidades de RE y FE entre los grupos etarios. Método: Participaron 40 jóvenes entre 18 y 39 años (50 % mujeres) y 40 adultos mayores de > 60 años (50 % mujeres), todos residentes en el Distrito Federal (Brasil). Se administraron las pruebas de Fluidez Verbal Fonológica (FAS), semántica y de cambio (animales y frutas) y de acciones, junto al Test de Stroop. Resultados: Hubo una correlación estadísticamente significativa entre la estrategia de reevaluación cognitiva (RC) y las pruebas de fluidez verbal semántica y de cambio en jóvenes y entre la estrategia de RC y la prueba FAS y el Test Stroop en adultos mayores. Eso es, el desempeño ejecutivo mostró relación directa con la RE en ambos grupos, con mayor uso de la RC por parte de los adultos mayores. Conclusiones: Los resultados de este estudio resaltan la pertinencia de continuar investigando la relación entre estas habilidades y analizar con mayor profundidad sus alteraciones durante la edad adulta y el proceso de envejecimiento.

Abstract Introduction/objective: The healthy aging process involves changes in neurobiological functions at various levels and is associated with a slight impairment in various cognitive domains, such as executive functions (EF), as well as the enhancement of emotional skills. The objective of this study was to compare the use of emotion regulation (ER) strategies in young adults (YA) and older adults (OA) and explore the association between ER skills and EF between age groups. Method: Participants were 40 YA between 18 and 39 years of age (50% women) and 40 OA > 60 years old (50% women), residents in the Federal District, Brazil. Phonological Verbal Fluency (FAS), semantic and switching (animals and fruits) and action tests were administered, along with the Stroop Test. Results: There was a statistically significant correlation of the Cognitive Reappraisal (CR) strategy and both semantic and switching verbal fluency tests in YA, and between the CR strategy and the FAS test and the Stroop Test in OA. That is, executive performance showed a direct relationship with ER in both groups, with greater use of cognitive reappraisal by older adults. Conclusions: The results of this study highlight the relevance of continuing to investigate the relationship between these abilities and analysing in greater depth their alterations during the aging process.

Abstract Self-injurious behaviours in adolescents can impede the free development of their person, and are a potentiator of suicidal ideation and behaviour. They are classified as violence towards oneself. The aim of the present study is to identify the factors that contribute to the emergence of these self-harming (self-destructive) behaviours; they stand out as a way in which some adolescents express their emotional pain or seek relief. In this study, and based on a qualitative approach with an exploratory design, the aim is to identify aspects of the subject. The research setting was virtual, and was used to collect data from a structured questionnaire in which predisposing factors such as family dynamics, social relationships, negative thoughts, coping, as well as social and professional support received are addressed. The population consisted of adolescents 18-20 years of age. After exploring self-injurious behaviours in late adolescents, psychological and social factors that contribute to these behaviours are highlighted, such as family dynamics, interpersonal relationships, situations of violence, thoughts about past experiences. It is important to mention that adolescence is a phase in which individuals face challenges of autonomy and identity, and thus the importance of overcoming this stage. Likewise, there are obstacles that prevent the full development of potential, and sometimes adolescents may engage in self-injurious behaviour in order to express through the body what they find difficult to express in other ways.

Resumo Os comportamentos autolesivos em adolescentes podem impedir o livre desenvolvimento de sua pessoa e são potencializadores de ideação e comportamento suicida. Eles são classificados como violência contra si mesmo. O objetivo do presente estudo é identificar os fatores que contribuem para o surgimento desses comportamentos autolesivos (autodestrutivos), os quais se destacam como uma maneira pela qual alguns adolescentes expressam sua dor emocional ou buscam alívio. Neste estudo, baseado em uma abordagem qualitativa, com um desenho exploratório, pretende-se identificar aspectos próprios do tema. O ambiente de pesquisa foi virtual e foi utilizado para coletar dados de um questionário estruturado no qual são abordados fatores predisponentes como dinâmica familiar, relações sociais, pensamentos negativos, enfrentamento, bem como apoio social e profissional recebido. A população era composta de adolescentes de 18 a 20 anos. Depois de explorar os comportamentos autolesivos em adolescentes tardios, são destacados os fatores psicológicos e sociais que contribuem para esses comportamentos, como a dinâmica familiar, as relações interpessoais, as situações de violência e os pensamentos sobre experiências passadas. É importante mencionar que a adolescência é uma fase em que os indivíduos enfrentam desafios de autonomia e identidade e, portanto, a importância de superar essa fase. Da mesma forma, há obstáculos que impedem o pleno desenvolvimento do potencial e, às vezes, os adolescentes podem se envolver em comportamentos autolesivos para expressar, por meio do corpo, o que acham difícil expressar de outras formas.

Resumen Las conductas autolesivas en adolescentes llegan a impedir el libre desarrollo de su persona, y son potenciadoras de ideaciones y conductas relacionadas con el suicidio. Son clasificadas como violencia hacia uno mismo. El objetivo del presente estudio es identificar los factores que contribuyen a la aparición de estas conductas autolesivas (autodestructivas); estas se destacan por ser una forma en la que algunos adolescentes expresan su dolor emocional o buscan alivio. En el presente estudio, y a partir del enfoque cualitativo con diseño exploratorio, se pretende identificar aspectos propios del tema. El escenario de investigación fue virtual, y se utilizó para recopilar datos a partir de un cuestionario estructurado en el que se abordan factores predisponentes como dinámicas familiares, relaciones sociales, pensamientos negativos, afrontamiento; así como el apoyo social y profesional recibido. La población está conformada por adolescentes de 18 a 20 años. Luego de explorar las conductas autolesivas en adolescentes en la etapa tardía, se destacan factores psicológicos y sociales que contribuyen a estas conductas, tales como dinámica familiar, relaciones interpersonales, situaciones de violencia, pensamientos sobre experiencias pasadas. Es importante mencionar que la adolescencia es una fase en la que los individuos enfrentan desafíos de autonomía e identidad, y por ello la importancia de superar la etapa. Así mismo, hay obstáculos que impiden el desarrollo pleno del potencial, y en ocasiones el adolescente puede tener comportamientos autolesivos para expresar mediante el cuerpo lo que se le dificulta difícil expresar por otras vías.

ABSTRACT The activities carried out by the nursing professional produce them health problems, with stress being the first factor that will affect one's own rhythm, causing irritability and anxiety. Physical-sports practice has a positive effect on their physical and mental health because it produces the release of endorphins, which leads to a reduction in anxiety, depression and stress because any type of physical activity, whether low or high impact, releases these substances that act directly on the brain, producing a feeling of well-being and immediate relaxation. A research is presented with a non-experimental design, from the quantitative approach of a cross-sectional comparative descriptive type. Its objective is to determine the relationships between physical activity and emotional regulation of a group of nurses from the Sur Hospital in Chilpancingo, Guerrero, Mexico. The TMMS-24 Emotional Intelligence Assessment Scale and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) were applied. To determine the relationship between the variables, Spearman's Rho Correlation was used. The dimensions studied are attention, clarity and emotional repair by the dependent variable (Emotional Control) and the High, Medium and Low dimensions by the independent variable (Physical Activity). In the community where the signs and symptoms of nervousness, agitation or tension associated with situations of anxiety and stress were observed, direct correlations were established between the intensity of physical activity and the emotional control of the subjects studied, that is, at a lower intensity of physical activity, less control and emotional regulation.

RESUMO As atividades realizadas pelo profissional de enfermagem causam-lhe problemas de saúde, sendo o estresse o primeiro fator que afetará seu próprio ritmo, causando irritabilidade e ansiedade. A prática físico-esportiva tem um efeito positivo sobre sua saúde física e mental, pois produz uma liberação de endorfinas, o que leva a uma redução da ansiedade, da depressão e do estresse, pois qualquer tipo de atividade física, seja ela de baixo ou alto impacto, libera essas substâncias que atuam diretamente no cérebro, produzindo uma sensação de bem-estar e relaxamento imediato. A pesquisa é apresentada em um desenho não-experimental, a partir de uma abordagem quantitativa, descritiva, comparativa, transversal e de corte transversal. Seu objetivo é determinar a relação entre a atividade física e a regulação emocional em um grupo de enfermeiras do Hospital Sur em Chilpancingo, Guerrero, México. Foram aplicados o Emotional Intelligence Rating Scale TMMS-24 e o International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). A Correlação Rho de Spearman foi usada para determinar a relação entre as variáveis. As dimensões estudadas são Atenção, Clareza e Reparação Emocional para a variável dependente (Controle Emocional) e as dimensões Alta, Média e Baixa para a variável independente (Atividade Física). Na comunidade onde foram observados os sinais e sintomas de nervosismo, agitação ou tensão associados a situações de ansiedade e estresse, foram estabelecidas correlações diretas entre a intensidade da atividade física e o controle emocional dos sujeitos investigados, ou seja, quanto menor a intensidade da atividade física, menor o controle e a regulação emocional.

RESUMEN Las actividades que realiza el profesional de la enfermería les producen quebranto en la salud, siendo el estrés el primer factor que va a afectar el ritmo propio, ocasionando irritabilidad y ansiedad. La práctica físico-deportiva tiene un efecto positivo sobre su salud física y mental debido a que produce liberación de endorfinas, lo que conlleva una reducción de la ansiedad, la depresión y el estrés, ya que cualquier tipo de actividad física, ya sea de bajo o alto impacto, libera estas sustancias que actúan directamente sobre el cerebro, produciendo sensación de bienestar y relajación inmediata. Se presenta una investigación con un diseño no experimental, desde el enfoque cuantitativo de tipo descriptivo comparativo de corte transversal. Tiene como objetivo: determinar las relaciones entre actividad física y regulación emocional de un grupo de enfermeras (o) s del Hospital Sur en Chilpancingo, Guerrero, México. Se aplicó la Escala para Evaluación de la Inteligencia Emocional TMMS-24 y el Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física (IPAQ). Para determinar la relación entre las variables se empleó la Correlación del Rho de Spearman. Las dimensiones estudiadas son la atención, claridad y reparación emocional por parte de la variable dependiente (Control emocional) y las dimensiones Alta, Media y Baja por la variable independiente (Actividad física). En la comunidad donde se observaron los signos y síntomas de nerviosismo, agitación o tensión asociados a situaciones de ansiedad y estrés, se establecen correlaciones directas entre la intensidad de la actividad física y el control emocional de los sujetos investigados, o sea, a menor intensidad de la actividad física menor control y regulación emocional.

Abstract The COVID 19 pandemic generated consequences for children, reflecting the social and psychological impact worldwide due to changes such as the absence of face-to-face classes and the transfer of education to homes. This not only represented a challenge for children, but also for families and educational institutions, who are in charge of the development of children's emotional regulation. This qualitative research based on grounded theory, aims to analyze the role of protective and risk factors related to the development of emotional regulation in children aged 4 and 5 years that were present during the context of remote education due to the COVID-19 pandemic. in 2020. For this, 5 interviews were conducted virtually with staff from an educational institution, as well as with 2 mothers of students who were in preschool in 2020, and a focus group with 5 mothers. In addition, an in-person activity was carried out with two groups of children, lasting approximately 40 minutes with each group, who were taught the story of the “Color Monster” to talk and identify emotions, as well as a space to paint and develop a dialogue, which allowed us to know their perspective of the pandemic, and the labeling of emotions they have. Protective and risk factors were also identified, such as listening to and discussing emotions, communication between family and school, support in the educational process, among others. It is concluded that, similar to international studies, this situation caused changes in daily routines, eating, sleeping, socialization with peers, and childhood emotions. For families it meant assuming a new role as educators for which they were not prepared. Both teachers and families highlighted the overload experienced. Protective and risk factors were identified such as listening to and discussing emotions, communication between family and school, support in the educational process, among others.

Resumen La pandemia por COVID 19 generó consecuencias en la niñez. La afectación a nivel social y psicológico se reflejó mundialmente debido a cambios como la ausencia de clases presenciales y el traslado de la educación a los hogares. Esto no solo significó un reto para la niñez, sino también para las familias y para las instituciones educativas a cargo del desarrollo de la regulación emocional de esta. Esta investigación, de corte cualitativo y abordada según la teoría fundamentada, analiza el papel de los factores protectores y riesgosos relacionados con el desarrollo de la regulación emocional en niñez de 4 y 5 años, que estuvo presente durante el contexto de la educación remota por motivo de la pandemia por COVID-19 en el año 2020. Para esto se realizaron 5 entrevistas virtuales con personal de una institución educativa, con 2 madres de estudiantes que estuvieron en preescolar en el año 2020, y con un grupo focal de 5 madres. Además, se realizó una actividad presencial de aproximadamente 40 minutos con dos grupos de estudiantes, a quienes se les enseñó el cuento “Monstruo de colores” para conversar e identificar emociones. Asimismo, se abrió un espacio para pintar y desarrollar un diálogo con el fin de conocer la perspectiva de la pandemia y el etiquetamiento de emociones que poseían. Se concluyó que, de manera similar a estudios internacionales, esta situación desencadenó cambios en rutinas cotidianas, alimentación, sueño, socialización con pares y cambios en las emociones de la niñez. A su vez, para las familias, supuso asumir un nuevo rol como personas educadoras para el cual no estaban preparadas. Se identificaron factores protectores y riesgosos como la escucha y el diálogo de las emociones, la comunicación entre familia y escuela, el apoyo en el proceso educativo, entre otros.

Resumen Objetivo: Analizar la presencia, diferencias por género y correlaciones entre el estrés, las dificultades de regulación emocional y la adaptación escolar en una muestra de adolescentes aspirantes a la educación superior de Ecuador. Metodología: Enfoque cuantitativo, descriptivo, comparativo por género, correlacional y de corte transversal. Participantes: 375 adolescentes, el 69.3% corresponde a mujeres y 30.7% a hombres, mismos que son procedentes de las 24 provincias del Ecuador, con una edad media de M= 17.85 años y DE= 0.73. Resultados: Los participantes experimentan niveles altos de dificultades de regulación emocional y moderados de estrés y adaptación escolar. Hay diferencias significativas (p< .05) en los resultados de estrés y adaptación escolar según el género, con mayor presencia en las adolescentes. Las variables muestran correlaciones moderadas y significativa (p< .01). Conclusiones: Los adolescentes que perciben el ingreso a la universidad como un evento estresante y experimentan dificultades para regular sus emociones pueden tener problemas para adaptarse a la universidad.

Abstract Objective: To analyze the presence, gender differences, and correlations between stress, emotional regulation difficulties, and school adjustment in a sample of adolescents aspiring to higher education in Ecuador. Methodology: Quantitative, descriptive, comparative by gender, correlational and cross-sectional approach. Participants: 375 adolescents, 69.3% correspond to women and 30.7% to men, who are originally from the 24 provinces of Ecuador, with a mean age of M= 17.85 years and SD= 0.73. Results: The participants experienced high levels of emotional regulation difficulties and moderate levels of stress and school adjustment. There are significant differences (p< .05) in the stress and school adjustment results according to gender, with a greater presence in adolescents. The variables show moderate and significant correlations (p< .01). Conclusions: Adolescents who perceive entering college as a stressful event and experience difficulties regulating their emotions may have trouble adjusting to college.

Abstract Several studies have reported a link between emotional competencies and academic achievement in higher education, and about the need to implement strategies for young university students to face educational demands. Along this line, the aim of this study was to explore the characteristics of emotional regulation that affect the academic performance of a group of university students, with the purpose of designing a psychoeducational proposal aimed at strengthening the emotional self-management of this population. For this, a diagnostic phase was carried out in which 80 university students participated, 33.8 % male and 66.2 % female, aged between 18 and 25 years (M = 21.09; SD = 1.92), to whom the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) instrument and the Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (PUCE) Learning Assessment Scale were applied. The results showed the presence of difficulties in goal-orientation behaviors, as well as a significant association between academic performance and lack of emotional acceptance and clarity. With these findings, the Logical Framework methodology was used to design a proposal of seven workshops to promote the development of competencies related to emotional recognition and management, stress and anxiety management, decision making and conflict management, intrinsic motivation and self-knowledge, time management and administration.

Resumen Varios estudios han reportado una asociación entre competencias emocionales y logros académicos en educación superior, y sobre la importancia de implementar estrategias para que los jóvenes afronten las demandas educativas. En esta línea, el objetivo del presente estudio consistió en explorar las características de la competencia de regulación emocional que inciden en el rendimiento académico de un grupo de jóvenes universitarios, con la finalidad de diseñar una propuesta psicoeducativa orientada a fortalecer la autogestión emocional de esta población. Para ello, se realizó una fase diagnóstica en la que participaron ochenta estudiantes universitarios, 33,8 % de sexo masculino y 66,2 % de sexo femenino, con edades comprendidas entre 18 y 25 años (M = 21,09; DE = 1,92), a quienes se les aplicó el instrumento Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) y la Escala de Valoración de Aprendizajes de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (PUCE). Los resultados mostraron la presencia de dificultades en conductas dirigidas a metas, así como una asociación significativa entre rendimiento académico y falta de aceptación y de claridad emocional. Con estos hallazgos, se empleó la metodología del Marco Lógico para diseñar una propuesta de siete talleres para fomentar el desarrollo de competencias relacionadas con reconocimiento y gestión de emociones, manejo de estrés y ansiedad, toma decisiones y manejo de conflictos, motivación intrínseca y autoconocimiento, gestión y administración del tiempo.

Resumen Este estudio analiza el efecto de la autoeficacia emocional, la irritabilidad y la agresividad sobre la empatía en adolescentes vulnerables. Estudio cuantitativo, no experimental- transversal y alcance correlacional. Participaron 69 adolescentes, a quienes se les aplicó el Índice de Reactividad Interpersonal y las Escalas de Autoeficacia para la Regulación Emocional, Irritabilidad y Agresividad Física y Verbal. La empatía correlacionó directamente con la autoeficacia emocional e inversamente con irritabilidad y agresividad física y verbal. El análisis de rutas mostró que la autoeficacia emocional, irritabilidad, agresividad física y verbal aportaron un efecto predictor sobre la toma de perspectiva, preocupación empatía y malestar emocional.

Abstract This study analyzes the effect of emotional self-efficacy, irritability and aggressiveness on empathy in vulnerable adolescents. Quantitative, non-experimental- cross-sectional study and correlational scope. We worked with 69 adolescents to whom the Interpersonal Reactivity Index and the Self-Efficacy Scales for Emotional Regulation, Irritability and Physical and Verbal Aggressiveness were applied. Empathy correlated directly with emotional self-efficacy and inversely with irritability and physical and verbal aggressiveness. Path analysis showed that emotional self-efficacy, irritability, physical and verbal aggressiveness provided a predictive effect on perspective taking, concern, empathy, and emotional distress.

Resumo Em indivíduos com dor crónica (DC), as emoções têm um papel preponderante, podendo interferir na perceção de intensidade e a nível cognitivo, com a presença de crenças disfuncionais e, por vezes, ausência da confiança de que é possível ultrapassar o momento doloroso. Assim, os objetivos do estudo são: caracterizar a inteligência emocional (IE) e a autoeficácia (AE) de indivíduos com DC; e explorar a relação entre IE e AE em função da DC. Responderam presencialmente a um Questionário Sociodemográfico e Clínico desenvolvido para o efeito, ao Questionário de Regulação Emocional, à General Self-Efficacy Scale e ao Módulo de AE para a Dor, elaborado para este estudo, 120 pacientes adultos da consulta de Psicologia-Dor de um Hospital público (estudo transversal). A reavaliação cognitiva (RC) e a supressão emocional (SE) apresentaram valores médios superiores aos descritos na literatura. A AE da amostra encontrava-se em níveis inferiores ao estado da arte e à média da população portuguesa. A AE demonstrou uma relação com a SE em indivíduos com dor moderada e com a RC na dor intensa. Os resultados reforçam a pertinência de focar a IE e a AE na intervenção junto de indivíduos com DC.

Abstract In individuals with chronic pain (CP), emotions play a major role and can interfere with the perception of intensity and at a cognitive level, with the presence of dysfunctional beliefs and, sometimes, a lack of confidence that it is possible to overcome the painful moment. The aims of the study were therefore: to characterize the emotional intelligence (EI) and self-efficacy (SE) of individuals with CP; and to explore the relationship between EI and SE as a function of CP. A total of 120 adult patients from the Psychology-Pain clinic of a public hospital answered a Sociodemographic and Clinical Questionnaire developed for this purpose, the Emotional Regulation Questionnaire, the General Self-Efficacy Scale and the Self-Efficacy Module for Pain, prepared for this study (cross-sectional study). Cognitive reappraisal (CR) and emotional suppression (ES) showed average values higher than those described in the literature. The SE of the sample was lower than the state of the art and the average for the Portuguese population. SE showed a relationship with ES in individuals with moderate pain and with CR in severe pain. The results reinforce the relevance of focusing on EI and SE in interventions with individuals with CP.

Resumo A alimentação e ritmos circadianos são influenciados por comportamentos que terão impacto na saúde do adolescente. A dependência alimentar (DA) está relacionada com a fraca regulação emocional e impulsividade. No entanto, a evidência ainda é escassa em relação à forma como esta tem impacto no sono. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo é explorar se a DA prediz a insónia nos adolescentes e se o autocontrolo (funcional e disfuncional) medeia esta relação. A amostra foi constituída por 1566 jovens a frequentar escolas da ilha da Madeira, com idades entre os 12 e os 19 anos (M =14,79; DP = 1,89) que preencheram um questionário online que incluía uma recolha de dados sociodemográficos, seguida da versão portuguesa da Yale Food Addiction Scale (P-YFAS), Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) e Escala Breve de Autocontrolo (EBAC). Realizou-se um modelo de mediação paralela tendo como covariáveis o sexo e a idade. Existe um efeito direto positivo significativo da DA na insónia (β = 0,068; p = < 0,001) e um efeito indireto positivo da DA na insónia, mediado pela dimensão Autocontrolo Disfuncional (β = 0,224). Destaca-se a pertinência do desenvolvimento de intervenções focadas na impulsividade juvenil, fornecendo estratégias focadas na promoção do controlo de impulsos, higiene do sono (acautelando também comportamento alimentar compulsivo) e de tomada de decisões pró-saúde.

Abstract Eating habits and circadian rhythms are influenced by behaviours that impact adolescent health. Food addiction (FA) is linked to weak emotional regulation and impulsivity. However, evidence on its impact on sleep remains limited. Thus, this study aims to explore whether FA predicts insomnia in adolescents and whether self-control (both functional and dysfunctional) mediates this relationship. The sample consisted of 1566 young individuals attending schools in Madeira, aged between 12 and 19 years (M =14.79, SD = 1.89), who completed an online questionnaire including sociodemographic data, the Portuguese version of the Yale Food Addiction Scale (P-YFAS), Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), and Brief Self-Control Scale (EBAC). A parallel mediation model was conducted, with gender and age as covariates. There is a significant positive direct effect of FA on insomnia (β =.068, p = <.001) and a positive indirect effect of FA on insomnia, mediated by the Dysfunctional Self-Control dimension (β = .224). The results highlight the relevance of developing interventions focused on youth impulsivity, providing strategies aimed at promoting impulse control, sleep hygiene (also addressing compulsive eating behaviour), and making pro-health decisions.

Resumen La pandemia generó diversas consecuencias entre la población, el presente estudio buscó conocer si los factores actitudinales frente al Covid-19 son predictores de la regulación emocional y la satisfacción con la vida. El diseño empleado corresponde al predictivo transversal, debido a que se planteó un análisis de regresión multivariante, planteándose la predicción sobre las variables dependientes. La muestra evaluada fue de 387 pobladores de Trujillo mayores de 18 años, quienes fueron seleccionados en base a un muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia, quienes respondieron a la escala de actitudes hacia la Covid-19 y a los cuestionarios de regulación emocional y satisfacción con la vida. Los resultados reflejan que el factor emotivo-afectivo predice la regulación emocional y el cognitivo creencias la satisfacción con la vida.

Abstract The pandemic generated diverse consequences among the population, the present study sought to determine whether attitudinal factors in relation to Covid-19 are predictors of emotional regulation and life satisfaction. The design used corresponds to the cross-sectional predictive design, because a multivariate regression analysis was proposed, with prediction of the dependent variables. The sample evaluated was 387 inhabitants of Trujillo over 18 years of age, who were selected on the basis of a non-probabilistic sampling by convenience, who responded to the scale of attitudes towards Covid-19 and to the emotional regulation and life satisfaction questionnaires. The results show that the emotional-affective factor predicts emotional regulation and the cognitive factor predicts life satisfaction.

RESUMEN Introducción: La adolescencia se caracteriza por una etapa de cambios que pueden implicar la aparición de conductas como el consumo de sustancias, las conductas sexuales de riesgo, la conducta suicida y la violencia, entre otras; es por ello que prácticas como el Mindfulness y la habilidad para percibir, comprender y regular emociones como la Inteligencia Emocional (IE) han mostrado efectos sobre dichas conductas. Objetivo: Analizar la evidencia científica disponible sobre el Mindfulness y la Inteligencia Emocional en los adolescentes. Material y métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática, para la estrategia de búsqueda se utilizaron descriptores en los idiomas inglés (Mindfulness, emotional intelligence, adolescent) y español (atención plena, inteligencia emocional, adolescente). Resultados: Se identificó que existe una relación y efecto positivo y significativo entre la práctica del Mindfulness y la Inteligencia Emocional. Conclusión: Los participantes con mayor nivel de atención plena son aquellos que tienen mejores capacidades de regulación emocional, de ser más conscientes de sus emociones, competentes para hacer frente a los problemas y tienen mejores relaciones interpersonales.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Adolescence is characterized by a stage of changes that may involve the appearance of behaviors such as substance use, risky sexual behaviors, suicidal behavior and violence, among others, which is why practices such as Mindfulness and the ability to perceive, understand and regulate emotions such as Emotional Intelligence (EI) have shown effects on such behaviors. Objective: To analyze the available scientific evidence on Mindfulness and Emotional Intelligence in adolescents. Material and methods: A systematic review was carried out, using descriptors in English (Mindfulness, "emotional intelligence", "adolescent") and Spanish ("atención plena", "inteligencia emocional", "adolescente") for the search strategy. Results: It was identified that there is a positive and significant relationship and effect between the practice of Mindfulness and Emotional Intelligence. Conclusion: Participants with a higher level of mindfulness are those who have better emotional regulation skills, are more aware of their emotions, competent to cope with problems and have better interpersonal relationships.

Abstract Background: Personality is a fundamental psychological construct for explaining and predicting human behavior. Recent research has focused on the relationship between personality and emotional regulation, revealing that personality traits may influence the way individuals regulate their emotions. Objective: to assess the influence of personality traits from the Big Five Factor Model on cognitive strategies of emotional regulation in college students. Method: 283 students participated, aged 18 to 58 years, who were administered the Adjectives to Evaluate Personality (AEP) list and the Cognitive Strategies of Emotional Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ). Results: Personality traits most strongly explained the use of maladaptive strategies of emotional regulation, and to a lesser extent, of adaptive strategies. Neuroticism was the main predictor for maladaptive strategies, followed by Agreeableness, while for adaptive strategies, Agreeableness was the strongest predictor, followed by Openness to experience. Conclusion: This study contributes to the understanding of the relationship between personality traits and cognitive strategies of emotional regulation.

Resumen Antecedentes: la personalidad es un constructo psicológico fundamental para explicar y predecir el comportamiento humano. Investigaciones recientes se han focalizado en la relación entre la personalidad y la regulación emocional, revelando que los rasgos de personalidad pueden influir en la forma en que los individuos regulan sus emociones. Objetivo: evaluar la influencia de los rasgos de personalidad del modelo de los cinco grandes factores sobre las estrategias cognitivas de regulación emocional en estudiantes universitarios. Método: participaron 283 estudiantes, entre 18 y 58 años, a quienes se les administró el listado de adjetivos para evaluar la personalidad (AEP) y el cuestionario de estrategias cognitivas de regulación emocional (CERQ). Resultados: los rasgos de personalidad explican más fuertemente el uso de estrategias desadaptativas de regulación emocional y, en menor medida, de estrategias adaptativas. El neuroticismo resultó el principal predictor para las estrategias desadaptativas, seguido por la amabilidad; mientras que para las estrategias adaptativas, el mayor predictor fue la amabilidad, seguido de la apertura a la experiencia. Conclusión: este estudio contribuye a comprender la relación entre los rasgos de personalidad y las estrategias cognitivas de regulación emocional.