Abstract From a position as students, disciples, and collaborators of María Bertely, we reflect on her contributions to the gestation and development process of the project "Milpas Educativas: Socionatural Laboratories for good living". After specifying the locus of enunciation and the sources that support the analysis, the political and epistemological referents that are essential to understanding the essence of an educational project with a clear ethnopolitical and alter-globalization position are made explicit. These, in addition, allow us to appreciate the contributions of Bertely as coordinator and caretaker of the Intercultural Inductive Method and committed academic who felt mandated by the community educators of the Union of Teachers of the New Education for Mexico (UNEM) and the indigenous communities that appointed them. Subsequently, Bertely’s contributions to the gestation phase of the project are analyzed, emphasizing her efforts before the financing body and the resulting achievements. Next, we reflect on her contributions to the development process of Milpas Educativas, highlighting the political, epistemic, axiological, and pedagogical dimensions that characterized them. We conclude by presenting some of his most important legacies to Mexican and Latin American educational anthropology, emphasizing her political commitment to the indigenous cause.

Resumen Desde un posicionamiento en cuanto alumnos, discípulos y colaboradores de María Bertely, reflexionamos sobre sus aportes al proceso de gestación y desarrollo del proyecto “Milpas Educativas: Laboratorios Socionaturales vivos para el buen vivir”. Luego de precisar el locus de enunciación y las fuentes que sustentan el análisis, se explicitan los referentes políticos y epistemológicos que resultan fundamentales para comprender la esencia de un proyecto educativo con un claro posicionamiento etnopolítico y altermundista. Éstos, además, permiten valorar las contribuciones de Bertely como coordinadora y cuidadora del Método Inductivo Intercultural y académica comprometida y mandatada por los educadores comunitarios de la Unión de Maestros de la Nueva Educación para México (UNEM) y las comunidades indígenas que los nombraron. Posteriormente, se analizan sus aportes a la fase de gestación del proyecto, enfatizando en sus gestiones ante la instancia financiadora y en los logros resultantes. Enseguida, se reflexiona acerca de sus contribuciones en el proceso de desarrollo de Milpas Educativas, destacando las dimensiones políticas, epistémicas, axiológicas y pedagógicas que las caracterizaron. Se concluye presentando algunos de sus más importantes legados a la antropología educativa mexicana y latinoamericana, poniendo énfasis en su compromiso político con la causa indígena.

Abstract The article presented here is based on some reflections on the first findings and the methodology followed in the research that I began in 2021 on the life and work of Dr. María Bertely, which is titled: “María Bertely Academic Activism: contributions and tensions in educational research. The analysis of her intellectual work and pedagogical practice constitutes the object of study that guides this qualitative research and has a narrative biographical approach. This study has made it possible to identify her main contributions by exploring relevant aspects of her interdisciplinary training and academic career. Something that must be highlighted is that most of her contributions focused on collaborative educational research committed to indigenous peoples. The reconstruction and recognition of the work of this great researcher as an academic activist has been carried out through the collection of verbal, observational, and textual data, which, given its great extension, are currently in the process of artisanal analysis. However, preliminary results show the links Dr. Bertely created in various teaching and educational research spaces, which refer to some significant experiences and the main shared learnings. This exploration and inquiry have been possible thanks to the voices of indigenous educators and Mexican academics, and those of other nations, with whom she shared efforts in the multiple projects she coordinated, who have been configured as nodes of the networks she wove. These voices are the ones that are currently naming María.

Resumen El artículo que aquí se presenta se basa en algunas reflexiones sobre los primeros hallazgos y la metodología seguida en la investigación que inicié en el año 2021 sobre la vida y obra de la Dra. María Bertely, misma que lleva por título: “El activismo académico de María Bertely: aportes y tensiones en la investigación educativa”. El análisis de su obra intelectual y práctica pedagógica constituyen el objeto de estudio que orienta esta investigación cualitativa y tiene un enfoque biográfico narrativo. Este trabajo ha permitido identificar sus principales aportes mediante la exploración de aspectos relevantes de su formación interdisciplinaria y trayectoria académica. Un aspecto que cabe resaltar es que la mayoría de sus contribuciones estuvieron enfocadas a la investigación educativa colaborativa y comprometida con los pueblos originarios. La reconstrucción y reconocimiento de la labor de esta gran investigadora como académica activista se ha realizado a través de la recopilación de datos verbales, observacionales y textuales, mismos que, dada su gran extensión, actualmente están en proceso de análisis artesanal. No obstante, se presentan resultados preliminares que dan cuenta de los vínculos que la Dra. Bertely creó en diversos espacios de docencia e investigación educativa, que refieren algunas experiencias significativas y los principales aprendizajes compartidos. Dicha exploración e indagación ha sido posible gracias a las voces de los educadores indígenas y de los académicos mexicanos, y de otras naciones, con los que ella compartió esfuerzos en los múltiples proyectos que coordinó, quienes se han configurado como nodos de las redes que tejió. Estas voces son las que actualmente nombran a María.

Abstract This study is set within the realm of community education, focusing on teachers working with Tseltal communities in Chiapas, Mexico. Historically, interactions between learning assessment and indigenous communities have been contentious due to the past use of assessment as a tool for control and accountability, creating inequities in these settings. This research aims to bridge these dimensions, investigating how Tseltal teachers understand the notion of learning assessment from their own cultural and linguistic context. The aim was to understand this process through the unique assessment concepts and practices of community educators. Thus, the main purpose is to comprehend how, from culture and language, Tseltal community teachers in Chiapas conceptualize learning assessment. A qualitative methodological approach was used, taking the systematization of experiences as the main interpretive and analytical reference. It is important to note that this study presents information from an initial immersion in the field.

Resumen Este estudio se sitúa en el ámbito de la educación comunitaria y se enfoca en los docentes que trabajan con comunidades tseltales en Chiapas, México. Tradicionalmente, las interacciones entre la evaluación del aprendizaje y las comunidades indígenas han sido conflictivas debido al histórico uso de la evaluación como herramienta de control y rendición de cuentas, generando inequidades en estos contextos. Esta investigación intenta establecer un puente entre estas dimensiones, indagando en cómo entienden los maestros tseltales la noción de la evaluación del aprendizaje a partir de su propio contexto cultural y lingüístico. Se buscó entender este proceso a través de las concepciones y prácticas de evaluación propias de los educadores comunitarios. Así, el propósito principal es entender cómo, desde la cultura y el idioma, los docentes comunitarios tseltales en Chiapas conceptualizan la evaluación del aprendizaje. Se utilizó un enfoque metodológico cualitativo, tomando la sistematización de experiencias como principal referencia interpretativa y analítica. Es importante señalar que este estudio presenta información de una primera inmersión en el campo.

INTRODUCTION: Ethical tensions are routinely encountered by occupational therapists and students in fieldwork and may impact patient care and team morale, and lead to practitioner burnout. Ethics education is a means to reduce ethical tensions in fieldwork. Despite this, however, limited research exists regarding ethical tensions and ethics education amongst students in the South African context. METHODS: The study was conducted to explore South African occupational therapy students' reflections on ethical tensions experienced in fieldwork practice. A qualitative, descriptive design was used to review thirty-five ethics reflective journals by fourth-year occupational therapy students at a university in South Africa. Students identified ethical tensions, reflected on these using Sokol's decision-making framework and Kolb's Cycle of Experiential Learning, and incorporated their learning into practice. Data were analysed thematically. Trustworthiness was ensured through triangulation of researchers, multiple data sources, and an audit trail. FINDINGS: Three central themes emerged: (1) Ethics from the perspective of the student, (2) Ethical tensions experienced during fieldwork, and (3) How students navigated ethical tensions. CONCLUSION: This study provides an insight into the ethical tensions and reflections of fourth-year occupational therapy students during fieldwork. Findings inform healthcare educators and clinicians regarding students' perceptions about ethics education and the tensions experienced during fieldwork. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE • Students experienced ethical tensions during fieldwork and navigated these ethical tensions by following institutional procedures, acquiring knowledge through research, drawing from the "well" of experience, and reflective practice. • The study offers a narrative for encountering and resolving ethical tension during fieldwork. • The main distinction between the two classifications persists when reviewing the support given to the participant who has been empowered to resolve the ethical tension whilst receiving consultation from their site clinician and the institution. Findings inform healthcare educators and clinicians regarding students' perceptions about ethics education and the tensions experienced during fieldwork.

Resumen El estudio tuvo como objetivo realizar una revisión bibliométrica de los documentos indexados en Scopus sobre competencias digitales y actitud docente en la educación básica regular desde 2003 hasta 2023. Utilizó un análisis bibliométrico, descriptivo y cuantitativo con palabras clave en inglés (“digital competencies”, “teaching attitude”), para determinar indicadores de producción científica como: año de publicación, país, fuente, institución, autor, tipo y área temática. De los 98 documentos seleccionados, se observó un aumento del 62% en los trabajos publicados. Además, los artículos científicos representaron el 89%, el 40% de los cuales fueron de ciencias sociales, siendo Estados Unidos el país con más producción (14,1%). Se concluye que literatura sobre la temática de estudio ha aumentado en producción, autoría y variedad temática, que evoluciona con los medios digitales, para ayudar a los docentes a gestionar su práctica pedagógica con herramientas, recursos y entornos digitales que garanticen su papel como educadores digitales.

Abstract The study aimed to carry out a bibliometric review of the documents indexed in Scopus on digital competencies and teaching attitude in regular basic education from 2003 to 2023. It used a bibliometric, descriptive and quantitative analysis with keywords in English ("digital competencies", "teaching attitude"), to determine indicators of scientific production such as: year of publication, country, source, institution, author, type and subject area. Of the 98 documents selected, an increase of 62% in published works was observed. In addition, scientific articles accounted for 89%, 40% of which were in the social sciences, with the United States being the country with the highest production (14.1%). It is concluded that literature on the subject of study has increased in production, authorship and thematic variety, which evolves with digital media, to help teachers manage their pedagogical practice with tools, resources and digital environments that ensure their role as digital educators.

This paper explores the progression of second-order concepts in seven purposively sampled South African CAPS-compliant history textbooks. History knowledge encompasses both the substantive and procedural knowledge types, with second-order concepts forming an integral component of the latter. Textbook writers and educators use this knowledge in their domains without a predetermined trajectory. These concepts are not mere skills but fundamental notions guiding historical practice. Their meaningful integration into learning materials forms a necessary toolkit for historical inquiry. Drawing from a broader PhD study,1 a Bernsteinian (1990) framework and the 'big six' concepts articulated by Seixas and Peck (2004) are used to analyse the content of seven chapters, one per book, telling the story of the history of South Africa across grades three to nine in the foundation, intermediate, and senior phases of the South African school curriculum. A continuum was populated, articulating the strengths of the second-order concepts ranging from a powerful presence to those weakly incorporated. The findings indicate a sporadic presence of the six concepts-historical significance, continuity and change, cause and consequence, historical perspectives, and the moral dimension across the textbooks. There is a more inclusive focus in the senior grades and less so in lower grades. The concepts also lack continuous and cumulative development. If these 'structural' historical concepts provide the basis for historical thinking, it is unclear how they advance through the grades with increasing levels of complexity. The methodology of history is thus not a universal or one-size-fits-all endeavour but an iterative process inculcating concepts that are nuanced and inherently abstract.

RESUMEN La teoría del capital humano (HCT) ha pasado de ser un principio central de la teoría económica neoclásica a una posición política normativa y prescriptiva que guía nuestra comprensión del crecimiento económico en múltiples escalas, desde la individual hasta la nacional. En este artículo, un grupo diverso de estudiantes de posgrado cuestiona sus experiencias de acumulación y realización de "capital humano". Sostienen que el HCT tiene en su centro un tema abstracto y falsamente universal que oscurece cómo las relaciones transnacionales de patriarcado, raza y colonialidad constituyen clases y crear así una realidad en la que no todos pueden realizar inversiones en capital humano. Este artículo profundiza en cómo este grupo de estudiantes adultos desarrolló una comprensión de la clase como una relación socialmente constituida dentro del capital y, por lo tanto, pone de relieve la necesidad de que los educadores de adultos trabajen desde una articulación de clase más matizada que reconozca la relacionalidad con otras formas de opresión.

RESUMO A teoria do capital humano (TCH) tem mudado o enfoque na abordagem, desde a teoria económica neoclássica para teorias normativa e prescritiva que destacam o entendimento de crescimento económico baseado em escalas diversas, designadamente da escala individual para a nacional. Neste artigo, um grupo de estudantes de graduação interroga as suas experiências de acumulação e de desenvolvimento do “capital humano”. Argumentam que a TCH tem no seu interior uma ideia falsa e generalizadamente aceite que obscurece como as relações transnacionais de patriarcado, raça e colonialismo constituem as relações de classe e, por essa via, criam a ideia de que investimentos no capital humano não podem ser ambicionados por todos. Neste artigo debate-se o modo como os aprendentes adultos entendem a classe social, enquanto uma relação socialmente constituída no quadro do capital; e defende-se a necessidade dos educadores de adultos trabalharem a partir de um conceito de classe mais complexo que reconhece relações com outras formas de opressão.

ABSTRACT Human capital theory (HCT) has moved from a core tenet of neoclassical economic theory to a normative and prescriptive policy position that guides our understanding of economic growth across multiple scales, from the individual to the national. In this paper, a diverse group of graduate students interrogate their experiences of accumulating and realising ‘human capital.’ They argue that HCT holds at its centre an abstract and falsely universal subject that obscures how transnational relations of patriarchy, race, and coloniality constitute class relations and thus create a reality in which investments in human capital cannot be realised by all. This paper further elaborates how this group of adult learners developed an understanding of class as a socially constituted relation within capital and thus foregrounds the need for adult educators to work from a more nuanced articulation of class that recognizes relationality with other forms of oppression.

Abstract This paper aims to bring reflections and notes for strengthening Brazilian structuring public policies, focusing on Popular Health Education in the Unified Health System (SUS) from the perspectives built in the Observatory of Popular Health Education and the Brazilian Reality. The Observatory is a valuable space for sharing health professionals’ and popular educators’ interpretations and experiences about local and Brazilian realities from the perspective of Popular Health Education. During its two years of activity, the Observatory has gathered summary interpretations of Popular Health Education for the crises that traverse the country’s recent history in a dialogical and participatory way. In a panoramic view, the shared statements point to challenges for valuing the human approach to health promotion, including respecting local and community knowledge and social practices. Moreover, we underscore the importance of social participation in constructing participatory social processes in public health toward citizen autonomy and expanded democratic dynamics in the Brazilian State and its social equipment. policies SUS (SUS Reality professionals educators activity countrys country s way view promotion practices Moreover equipment

Resumo Este trabalho se propõe a trazer reflexões e apontamentos para o fortalecimento de políticas públicas estruturantes no Brasil, com foco na Educação Popular em Saúde no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), a partir das perspectivas construídas no Observatório de Educação Popular em Saúde e Realidade Brasileira. O Observatório é um espaço profícuo para o compartilhamento de interpretações e experiências de profissionais de saúde e educadores populares sobre a realidade local e realidade brasileira, a partir da ótica da Educação Popular em Saúde. De forma dialógica e participativa, ao longo de seus 2 anos de atividade, o Observatório foi capaz de reunir interpretações sintéticas da Educação Popular em Saúde para as crises que atravessam a história recente do país. De maneira panorâmica, as falas compartilhadas apontam desafios para valorização da abordagem humana na promoção da saúde, com a inclusão e o respeito aos saberes e práticas sociais locais e comunitárias. Além disso, destaca-se a importância da participação social na construção de processos sociais participativos na saúde pública, visando à autonomia do cidadão e à ampliação da dinâmica democrática no Estado brasileiro e em seus equipamentos sociais. Brasil SUS, SUS , (SUS) Brasileira brasileira participativa atividade país panorâmica comunitárias disso destacase destaca pública (SUS

ABSTRACT: Mathematics teaching is one of the fundamental pillars of early childhood education. Several studies have highlighted that adequate approach at early levels can positively influence future school performance and other cognitive domains. In Chile, mathematics education is an area of concern due to local evidence and observed gaps following the pandemic. In this context, educators and educational assistance professionals are challenged to provide equal teaching opportunities for all, including preschoolers with Developmental Language Disorder, who usually only receive support in language area. This review aims to update the literature on the math skills of students with Developmental Language Disorder and to establish their possible impact on the mathematics curriculum. The main findings include identifying barriers in counting and arithmetic tasks. Finally, the learning objectives that could require more attention for their approach were recorded, and studies were identified that highlighted the potential of visual and gestural representation as a way to favor the teaching-learning of these children. Thus, the approach to early mathematical skills can contribute to the inclusion and equalization of opportunities for these students.

RESUMEN: La enseñanza de las matemáticas es uno de los ejes fundamentales de la educación parvularia. Diversos estudios han destacado que un abordaje adecuado en niveles tempranos puede influir positivamente en el rendimiento escolar futuro y en otros dominios cognitivos. En Chile, la educación matemática representa un área de preocupación debido a los hallazgos locales y a las brechas observadas después de la pandemia. En este contexto, las educadoras y profesionales asistentes de la educación tienen el desafío de equiparar las oportunidades de enseñanza para todas y todos, incluyendo a los preescolares con Trastorno Específico del Lenguaje, quienes usualmente solo reciben apoyos en el área de lenguaje. Esta revisión tuvo como objetivo actualizar la literatura sobre las habilidades matemáticas de estudiantes con Trastorno Específico del Lenguaje y establecer su posible incidencia en el currículum matemático. Como principales resultados se hallaron obstáculos en tareas de conteo y aritmética. Por último, se registraron los objetivos de aprendizaje que podrían requerir mayor atención para su abordaje y se identificaron estudios que destacaban el potencial de la representación visual y gestual como forma de favorecer la enseñanza-aprendizaje de estos niños. Así, el abordaje de las habilidades matemáticas tempranas puede contribuir a la inclusión y equiparación de oportunidades para estos estudiantes.

ABSTRACT: Educational inclusion remains a persistent challenge, and educators and professionals entrusted with this responsibility constitute foundational pillars in the pursuit of adequate attention to diversity. It is imperative to ascertain whether a specialization process can elucidate the voices that contribute to the formation of the professional identity of those engaged in training for Inclusive Education for Special Educational Needs (SEN), both from their internal and external personal positions. This study adopts a qualitative approach with an existential phenomenological hermeneutic design. The self-confrontation method and life histories were employed for data collection at the commencement and culmination of the training, and data were analyzed utilizing the personal position repertoire method of the dialogical self theory. The findings reveal that, upon embarking on their inclusion training, their identity is shaped by internal voices that align them with vocation, responsibility, resilience, and humanism, as well as external voices from students or family members with SEN. Upon completing the specialization, a voice emerges, emanating from their current mentors and their experiences within the program, instilling in them a heightened sense of capability in approaching cases involving students with SEN, bolstered by a stronger sense of conviction and expertise.

RESUMEN: La inclusión educativa continúa siendo un desafío, los y las docentes y profesionales relacionados con esta responsabilidad son pilares fundamentales para la ejecución de una atención adecuada a la diversidad. Es indispensable saber cómo un proceso de especialización permite identificar las voces desde sus posiciones personales internas y externas que nutren la identidad de los y las profesionales que se encuentran en una formación en Atención Inclusiva a las NEE. Este estudio tiene un enfoque cualitativo con un diseño fenomenológico existencial hermenéutico. Se utilizó el método de auto confrontación y las historias de vida para la recolección de la información al inicio y al final de la formación, y se analizaron los datos con el método de repertorio de posiciones personales de la teoría del self dialógico. Los resultados muestran que, al iniciar la formación en inclusión, su identidad se construye desde voces internas que los identifican con la vocación, responsabilidad, resiliencia y humanismo; y, con voces externas de estudiantes o familiares con NEE. Al finalizar la especialización, aparece una voz que proviene de sus maestros actuales y de las vivencias en la maestría que los hace sentirse más capaces de abordar casos de estudiantes con NEE con mayor convicción y experticia.

ABSTRACT In the reality of current teacher training, the application of strategies that promote active learning is a necessity for the preparation of educators. Precisely, the objective of this work was to assess some of the strategies in the study of pedagogical currents with an active focus on teacher training. This forced us to think creatively about the methods and techniques of current teaching, which caused a true revolution in teaching strategies to achieve the planned objectives. From an eminently qualitative conception in the elaboration of this work, documentary research methods were used, which allow the approach to various bibliographic sources on pedagogical currents, teaching strategies and their application in various contexts. Likewise, analysis and synthesis were applied in an intentional selection of sources within the wide production of texts on innovative pedagogical trends, as well as induction and deduction in professional training. Participant observation, interviews with key informants, application of questionnaires and methods associated with working with the results of the teaching activity were also used. The applied methodology combined a variety of active strategies and resources. The results show that the educational activities from the subject related to the pedagogical currents are beneficial in the cultural formation of educators. It has been shown that the application of educational strategies with an active approach favors the significant learning of the pedagogical currents in the educational present of the teachers in training.

RESUMO Na realidade da atual formação docente, a aplicação de estratégias que promovam a aprendizagem ativa constitui uma necessidade de preparação dos educadores. Isto obrigou-nos a pensar de forma criativa sobre os métodos e técnicas do ensino atual, o que provocou uma verdadeira revolução nas estratégias de ensino para atingir os objetivos planeados. Justamente, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar algumas estratégias no estudo das correntes pedagógicas com foco ativo na formação de professores. A partir de uma concepção eminentemente qualitativa, foram utilizados na elaboração deste trabalho métodos de pesquisa documental, que permitem abordar diversas fontes bibliográficas sobre correntes pedagógicas, estratégias de ensino e sua aplicação em diversos contextos. Da mesma forma, a análise e a síntese foram aplicadas numa seleção intencional de fontes dentro da extensa produção de textos sobre tendências pedagógicas inovadoras, bem como de indução e dedução na formação profissional. Também foram utilizadas observação participante, entrevistas com informantes-chave, aplicação de questionários e métodos associados ao trabalho com os resultados da atividade. A metodologia aplicada combinou uma variedade de estratégias e recursos ativos. Os resultados mostram que as atividades educativas da disciplina relacionadas às correntes pedagógicas são benéficas na formação cultural dos educadores. Foi demonstrado que a aplicação de estratégias educativas com abordagem ativa favorece a aprendizagem significativa das correntes pedagógicas atuais pelos professores em formação.

RESUMEN En la realidad de la formación docente actual la aplicación de estrategias que promuevan el aprendizaje activo constituye una necesidad de la preparación de educadores. Ello ha obligado a pensar creativamente en los métodos y técnicas de la docencia actual, lo que provocó una verdadera revolución en las estrategias docentes para alcanzar los objetivos previstos. Precisamente, el objetivo de este trabajo fue valorar algunas estrategias en el estudio de las corrientes pedagógicas con enfoque activo en la formación de docentes. Desde una concepción eminentemente cualitativa en la elaboración de este trabajo se utilizaron métodos de investigación documental, que posibilitan el acercamiento a variadas fuentes bibliográficas sobre las corrientes pedagógicas, las estrategias docentes y su aplicación en diversos contextos. Igualmente, se aplicó el análisis y la síntesis en una selección intencionada de fuentes dentro de la amplia producción de textos sobre las tendencias pedagógicas innovadoras, así como la inducción y la deducción en la formación profesional. También se utilizaron la observación participante, entrevistas a informantes claves, aplicación de cuestionarios y métodos asociados al trabajo con los resultados de la actividad. La metodología aplicada combinó una variedad de estrategias activas y recursos. Los resultados evidencian que las actividades educativas desde la asignatura relacionada con las corrientes pedagógicas resultan provechosas en la formación cultural de los educadores. Se ha demostrado que la aplicación de estrategias educativas con enfoque activo favorece el aprendizaje significativo de las corrientes pedagógicas en la actualidad educativa de los docentes en formación.

ABSTRACT Teacher stress, especially during and after the pandemic, has raised multiple concerns, particularly due to the emergence of various symptoms; hence, it must be taken into account in the teaching and learning process. The aim of this research was to analyze studies addressing the relationship between stress and teacher performance in order to understand their implications in the educational context. A review was conducted based on the research question: "How does stress affect teacher performance and its implications in the educational context?" To this end, the PRISMA methodology was followed, allowing the inclusion of 17 original articles. These documents were analyzed along two dimensions: the relationship between stress and teacher performance and the implications in education. It is concluded that this review revealed that the majority of educators maintain a high level of professional performance, highlighting their ability to adapt and satisfactorily fulfill their roles, even in stressful conditions, which is essential for advancing educational quality.

RESUMO O estresse docente, especialmente durante e após a pandemia, tem gerado múltiplas preocupações, principalmente devido ao surgimento de vários sintomas; portanto, deve ser levado em consideração no processo de ensino e aprendizado. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar estudos que abordam a relação entre o estresse e o desempenho dos professores, a fim de compreender suas implicações no contexto educacional. Foi realizada uma revisão com base na pergunta de pesquisa: "Como o estresse afeta o desempenho dos professores e suas implicações no contexto educacional?" Para isso, foi seguida a metodologia PRISMA, que permitiu a inclusão de 17 artigos originais. Esses documentos foram analisados em duas dimensões: a relação entre estresse e desempenho dos professores e as implicações na educação. Conclui-se que esta revisão revelou que a maioria dos educadores mantém um alto nível de desempenho profissional, destacando sua capacidade de adaptação e cumprimento satisfatório de suas funções, mesmo em condições estressantes, o que é essencial para avançar na qualidade educacional.

RESUMEN El estrés docente, especialmente durante y después de la pandemia, ha generado múltiples preocupaciones especialmente por la aparición de varios síntomas; por lo que se debe tomar en cuenta en el proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar los estudios que aborden la relación entre el estrés y el desempeño docente, con el fin de comprender sus implicaciones en el contexto educativo. Se realizó una revisión basándose en la pregunta de investigación: ¿cómo afecta el estrés al desempeño docente y su implicación en el contexto educativo?; para este fin se siguió la guía de la metodología PRISMA, la cual permitió incluir 17 artículos originales. Estos documentos se analizaron bajo dos dimensiones: la relación del estrés y el desempeño docente y las implicaciones en la educación. Se concluye que esta revisión evidenció que la mayoría de los educadores mantienen un nivel alto de desempeño profesional, destacando la capacidad de adaptación y cumplimiento satisfactorio de sus funciones, incluso en condiciones estresantes, lo que es esencial para direccionarse hacia la calidad educativa.

BACKGROUND. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the weakness of relying on in-person tuition in higher education. Massive open online courses (MOOCs) have been a successful addition to higher education. In this study, educators had to replace a planned elective in the medical curriculum with an online option during the pandemic. The roles of the competency framework of the Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA) (Leader and Manager, Health Advocate, Professional, Communicator, Collaborator, Scholar, and Healthcare Practitioner) were used to guide its development. This elective emphasised the non-clinical roles of medical practitioners and was offered in 2020 and 2021. OBJECTIVES. To describe the choices of third-year medical students and time spent participating in a modified online elective in 2020 and 2021. METHODS. A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used, involving the participation of 629 medical students. Data were collected and analysed from three primary sources: registration data from LinkedIn Learning, data from the Foundation for Professional Development, and self-reported estimates by students of the average time spent on selected courses. Data included identification of the associated competency acquired. Data analysis was conducted using Python, version 3.10.11. RESULTS. The course choices of 629 students were analysed. In 2020 there were 300 participants and in 2021 there were 329. All the students had one compulsory inclusion in the elective (Management and Leadership Short Course for Undergraduate Healthcare Students). Students in both years reported spending the most average time on courses related to clinical knowledge (Healthcare Practitioner), followed by financial literacy and management (Professional), diversity management (Collaborator), and priority actions to identify and/or respond to (Health Advocate). The most popular courses related to the Leader and Manager role were around decision-making in human resources, problem-solving, and managing healthcare teams. Based on the top 10 LinkedIn Learning course selections of both cohorts, there appeared to be a preference for courses that were consistent with the role of medical professionals in practice. The most popular LinkedIn Learning course was The Six Morning Habits of High Performers. CONCLUSION. Students gravitated toward courses aligned with their role as professional doctors within the HPCSA competency framework. More studies are needed to understand how medical students develop the six non-clinical roles in the HPCSA framework and the effectiveness of MOOCs in a medical curriculum.

BACKGROUND. The health-promoting school programme has been associated with numerous benefits for school communities where it is well implemented. In Tshwane, the implementation processes have not been evaluated. OBJECTIVE. A qualitative research approach based on grounded theory was used to investigate the experiences of 27 health-promoting school programme implementers across Tshwane. METHODS. Data were collected through a combination of methods, including semi-structured interviews with principals (n=6), educators (n=10) and school governing body members (n=4), one focus group discussion with health promoters (n=7), field notes from school observations and memos. RESULTS. Implementation fidelity was weak in the City of Tshwane, as a result of poor training of implementers, poor leadership and collaboration, weak accountability structures, and lack of resources and communication. A grounded theory was developed which showed that schools needed guidance and accountability to properly implement the programme. The theory offers a framework that could be used to improve implementation and evaluation outcomes. CONCLUSION. Implementers were keen on improving the lives of learners - health-wise and academically. With proper guidance, support and accountability measures by government at district and provincial level, implementation of the programme is feasible in the City of Tshwane.

Abstract The aim of this paper is to analyse how Emotional Education (EE) (re)configures the meanings of teachers' work, within the context of the therapeutisation of education and a radicalisation of the neoliberal paradigm in education. To this end, it focuses on the analysis of interviews with educators in the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires, which has revealed a tendency to blame teachers for educational problems, which leads to a demand for training in the acquisition of emotional competencies considered essential for tackling them. The teaching task is increasingly turning towards interventions centred on the emotional, from a therapeutic perspective. Research warns about the emotionalisation of the teaching role, which reinforces processes of individualisation and atomisation in the educational field, thus legitimising the neoliberal capitalist social order.

Resumen Este trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar de qué manera el ingreso de la Educación Emocional (EE) en el campo educativo (re)configura los sentidos sobre el trabajo docente, en el marco de procesos de terapeutización de lo educativo y un contexto de radicalización del paradigma neoliberal en educación. Se centra, para esto, en el análisis de entrevistas a educadoras/es en el Gran Buenos Aires, que ha permitido advertir una tendencia a culpabilizar a las/os docentes por las problemáticas educativas, que se traslada hacia la exigencia de una formación para la adquisición de las competencias emocionales consideradas imprescindibles para su abordaje. La tarea docente se vuelca, cada vez más, hacia intervenciones centradas en lo emocional, en clave terapéutica. La investigación alerta sobre la emocionalización del rol docente que refuerza procesos de individualización y atomización en el campo educativo, legitimando, así, el orden social capitalista neoliberal.