The utilisation of online platform Blackboard Learn for Teaching and Learning (T & L) has become an essential and obligatory component of Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). This study research aims to examine the difficulties and potential of its implementation at a Historically Disadvantaged Institution (HDI) like University of Limpopo (UL), with a focus on the Bachelor of Arts (BA) programme in Criminology and Psychology (Crim & Psych) as guided by University of Limpopo Faculty of Humanities Multimodal Teaching and Learning Plan (UL FHMTLP). This qualitative study employed an empirical research design, selecting Twelve (12) permanent Academics/Lecturers from the Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice at UL for interview purposes. The verbatim responses from the interviews were analysed to identify the key themes and sub-themes of the study using the inductive Thematic Content Analysis (TCA) method. This study revealed that there is a lack of utilisation of Blackboard Learn at UL, as well as ineffective adaptation of current strategies and UL FHMTLP implementations. Many Lecturers still depend on contact T & L and the use of Blackboard Learn to connect the operations of this programme is currently unsuccessful. Recommendations consist of regular training and refreshment courses on the application of this technology, such as the Learning Management System (LMS) provided by the Information and Communications Technology [ICT]-electronic-(e)-Learning Unit. This could potentially facilitate collaborations between Natural Sciences (Technology - Blackboard Learn) and Human Sciences (Crim & Psych) to generate new knowledge, while also clearly providing the advantages of technology utilisation for T & L at UL. This kind of innovation could accommodate "economical, educational, technical, and social transformations" to address the mentioned challenges and opportunities, while making contributions to the field of professorship, with a focus on the South African Future Professors Programme (FPP) Phase 2 Cohort 1 2022-2023, utilising Blackboard Learn for T & L in a HDI to outline the existing challenges and possibilities.

Resumen El fenómeno del suicidio es un importante problema de salud pública mundial, tanto en términos económicos como de sufrimiento humano. El artículo se refiere a una investigación en el área de prevención y promoción de la salud realizada con un grupo de estudiantes, con edades entre 16 y 18 años, de una escuela pública del municipio de Carmo do Cajuru, MG. La investigación exploratoria y cualitativa fue posible gracias a la realización de grupos focales para la producción de datos, desde la perspectiva de la Psicología Social. El material recopilado se analizó mediante el análisis de contenido. La investigación posibilitó conocer las representaciones sociales de los adolescentes sobre la adolescencia y el suicidio y verificar que son convergentes con la literatura existente. Se avanzó en la promoción de la vida en la medida en que se brindó un espacio de escucha y discusión sobre sentimientos y tabúes sobre estos temas. mundial humano estudiantes 1 años Cajuru MG datos Social contenido existente temas

Abstract Suicide phenomenon is an important public health problem worldwide in economic terms, as well as in terms of human suffering. The article refers to a research in the area of prevention and health promotion carried out with a group of students, aged between 16 and 18 years, of a public high school from the town of Carmo do Cajuru, MG. The exploratory and qualitative research was made feasible through the realization of focus groups for the production of data, from the perspective of Social Psychology. The collected material was analyzed from the Content Analysis. Through the research it was possible to know the social representations of adolescents about adolescence and suicide and to verify that they are convergent with the existing literature. Progress was obtained in life promotion as a space had been provided for listening and discussion about feelings and taboos about the themes. suffering students 1 years Cajuru MG data Psychology Analysis literature themes

Resumo O fenômeno do suicídio é um importante problema de saúde pública mundial, tanto em termos econômicos como em termos de sofrimento humano. O artigo refere-se a uma pesquisa na área de prevenção e promoção de saúde realizada com um grupo de estudantes, com idades entre 16 e 18 anos, de uma escola estadual do município de Carmo do Cajuru, MG. A pesquisa de caráter exploratório e qualitativo se viabilizou por meio da realização de grupos focais para a produção de dados, sob a perspectiva da Psicologia Social. O material coletado foi analisado a partir da Análise de Conteúdo. A pesquisa permitiu conhecer as representações sociais dos adolescentes acerca da adolescência e do suicídio e constatar que são convergentes com a literatura existente. Avançou-se na promoção de vida na medida em foi proporcionado um espaço para escuta e discussão sobre sentimentos e tabus acerca dessas temáticas. mundial humano referese refere estudantes 1 anos Cajuru MG dados Social Conteúdo existente Avançouse Avançou temáticas

ORIENTATION: Studies suggest that employees fairness perceptions of the workplace are positively linked to job performance. Employees associate perceptions of fairness in the workplace with transformational and transactional leaders. It is important to recognise that employees' personal resources can be compromised when they perceive a lack of fairness in the workplace. RESEARCH PURPOSE: This study investigated the role of leadership styles and psychological availability on the relationship between fairness perceptions of Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment (BBBEE) and job performance of employees, within the South African work setting. MOTIVATION FOR THE STUDY: Little is known about the association between the fairness perceptions of BBBEE and job performance. Also, less is known about the mediating variables that can influence this relationship. RESEARCH APPROACH/DESIGN AND METHOD: A quantitative cross-sectional design was employed. Convenience sampling yielded 300 participants from whom data were collected. MAIN FINDINGS: The results showed that the perceived fairness of BBBEE had an indirect relationship with job performance by means of transactional leadership styles and psychological availability. PRACTICAL/MANAGERIAL IMPLICATIONS: Achieving optimal job performance from this group of employees hinges on transactional leaders satisfying the needs of employees in return for employees meeting agreed-upon obligations. Furthermore leaders need to monitor the extent to which employees are psychologically available at work. CONTRIBUTION/VALUE-ADD: The Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model was extended to demonstrate the impact that fairness perceptions of BBBEE have on organisational behaviour. The study also revealed that the fairness perceptions of BBBEE affect job performance through transactional leadership styles and psychological availability.

ORIENTATION: This study investigates retirement planning complexities among pre-retirees in Nigerian universities, focusing on parental guidance and individual financial strategies RESEARCH PURPOSE: The aim is to examine the impact of parental influence, retirement goal clarity and saving behaviour on retirement anxiety among Nigerian university pre-retirees MOTIVATION FOR THE STUDY: Considering Nigeria's economic and pension challenges, this study explores key factors in retirement planning, particularly parental influence and individual financial strategies and their role in alleviating retirement anxiety. RESEARCH APPROACH/DESIGN AND METHOD: A quantitative approach was used to analyse data from 926 participants (695 males and 231 females) through structural equation modelling. The study utilised measures for Parental Influence, Retirement Goal Clarity, Retirement Saving Behaviour and Nigerian Pre-retirement Anxiety. MAIN FINDINGS: Parental influence was found to be a significant predictor of retirement anxiety. Contrary to expectations, retirement goal clarity and saving behaviour serially mediated the relationship between parental influence and retirement anxiety PRACTICAL/MANAGERIAL IMPLICATIONS: The results underline the need for comprehensive financial education programmes and robust pension schemes. Incorporating parents in financial literacy initiatives and offering retirement planning support in workplaces, particularly in academic settings, is essential. CONTRIBUTION/VALUE-ADD: This research enriches retirement planning literature in developing countries by showcasing the intricate mix of cultural, socio-economic and familial factors. It expands the Financial Socialisation Theory, highlighting parental influence's role in Nigeria and saving behaviour's significance in diminishing retirement anxiety. The findings offer broader implications for improving financial security in retirement beyond Nigeria, applicable to similar socio-economic environments.

Abstract This article aimed to determine how rational and irrational investor sentiments impact the return and volatility of the Brazilian market. The role of sentiment in financial markets is still a recent, controversial and limited subject, and this study explores this relationship in the Brazilian market. The evidence from this research adds to the limited number of studies on investor sentiment in emerging markets and extends the evidence already documented in Brazil. Our results are expected to have an impact on investors, policymakers and monetary authorities. Investors must be aware of economic fundamentals when formulating their investment strategies and also when choosing the stocks that will make up their portfolios. Policymakers and monetary authorities should take sentiment into account when formulating political, economic and monetary strategies, as economic changes can affect investor psychology and be reflected in their stock market trading. Consumer and business confidence indexes were used as proxies for investor sentiment and were regressed against a set of economic fundamentals to isolate their rational and irrational components. Then, autoregressive vector models were estimated and impulse response functions and variance decompositions were generated to verify the impact of sentiment on the return and volatility of the Ibovespa. There are three main results. First, investor sentiment impacts both returns and volatility in the Brazilian market. Second, economic fundamentals were important determinants of returns and volatility in the Brazilian market, indicating that fundamental trading induced by rational sentiment had a greater effect than trading induced by irrational sentiment. Third, in terms of magnitude, consumer-based sentiment had a greater impact than business-based sentiment. recent subject Brazil investors portfolios political components Then Ibovespa First Second Third magnitude consumerbased consumer based businessbased

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo foi determinar como os sentimentos racionais e irracionais dos investidores afetam o retorno e a volatilidade do mercado brasileiro. O papel do sentimento nos mercados financeiros ainda é um assunto recente, controverso e limitado, e este estudo explora essa relação no mercado brasileiro. As evidências desta pesquisa se somam ao número limitado de estudos sobre o sentimento do investidor em mercados emergentes e ampliam as evidências já documentadas no Brasil. Espera-se que nossos resultados tenham impacto sobre investidores, formuladores de políticas e autoridades monetárias. Os investidores devem estar cientes dos fundamentos econômicos ao formularem suas estratégias de investimento e também ao escolherem as ações que irão compor seus portfólios. Os formuladores de políticas e as autoridades monetárias devem levar em conta o sentimento ao formular estratégias políticas, econômicas e monetárias, pois as mudanças econômicas podem afetar a psicologia do investidor e se refletir em suas negociações no mercado de ações. Os índices de confiança do consumidor e empresarial foram usados como proxies para o sentimento do investidor e foram regredidos em relação a um conjunto de fundamentos econômicos para isolar seus componentes racionais e irracionais. Em seguida, modelos vetoriais autorregressivos foram estimados e funções de resposta a impulsos e decomposições de variância foram geradas para verificar o impacto do sentimento sobre o retorno e a volatilidade do Ibovespa. Há três resultados principais. Primeiro, o sentimento do investidor afeta tanto o retorno quanto a volatilidade do mercado brasileiro. Segundo, os fundamentos econômicos foram importantes determinantes dos retornos e da volatilidade no mercado brasileiro, indicando que a negociação fundamental induzida pelo sentimento racional teve um efeito maior do que a negociação induzida pelo sentimento irracional. Terceiro, em termos de magnitude, o sentimento baseado no consumidor teve um impacto maior do que o sentimento baseado nos negócios. brasileiro recente Brasil Esperase Espera portfólios seguida Ibovespa principais Primeiro Segundo irracional Terceiro magnitude negócios

ABSTRACT This paper describes the psychometric validation procedure for the creation of an Artificial Intelligence (AI) engine based on the theory of precision psychology and expert system-type machine learning algorithms. The focus is on individual coping strategies and the factor of reconciliation in victims of armed conflict in Colombia. A non-experimental methodology with a cross-sectional design was used, with a total of 363 participants. The results highlight that elements related to economic factors, individual condition, and political concerns in the victims explain the conditions required to generate a reconciliation process in the context of reintegrating into civilian life. It is concluded that the use of artificial intelligence enhances the process of psychological care by providing precision in the etiological information of the illness and the data, which enables discrimination between the health status, symptoms, and disease of the victims. AI (AI systemtype system type algorithms Colombia nonexperimental non experimental crosssectional cross sectional used 36 participants factors condition life data status symptoms 3

This review article explores possibilities for transdisciplinary entanglements between the disciplines of critical psychology and literary criticism through a reading of the volume, 'Foundational African Writers', edited by Bhekizizwe Peterson, Khwezi Mkhize and Makhosazana Xaba. In this article, 'Foundational African Writers' is approached as a distillation of Peterson's investment in excavating the world-making activities, writing lives and activities of ordinary people as a central dimension of the project to decolonise the Humanities. As this edited volume attests, Peterson's creative and critical oeuvre continues to provoke thinking about the ways in which the reading of the African literary archive can assist in the wider project of decolonising and re-imagining intellectual and creative history in the Global South while also providing opportunities for new modes of thinking about personhood and psychic life in contexts of precarity, intergenerational trauma and economic exclusion.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the effect of intolerance of uncertainty and anxiety on turnover intention in healthcare workers. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: This study is a cross-sectional field research based on the quantitative descriptive survey model. A total of 234 volunteer healthcare workers participated in the research. To collect data for the study, a sociodemographic questionnaire prepared by the authors and three subject-related scales were used. Data were collected via Google Forms. FINDINGS/RESULTS: The relationship between intolerance of uncertainty, worry and intention to leave work was found to be positive. The effect on intention to leave work of intolerance of uncertainty and worry was found to be positive. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: In this study, 71.8% of the participants stated that they did not want to do their current job. This shows that healthcare workers are extremely dissatisfied with their situation and conditions. It would be appropriate for health system managers to work on improving factors such as working conditions, psychology of health workers and economic conditions. ORIGINALITY/VALUE: It is thought that the results of the study will contribute to the literature, health professionals and managers, and health policy makers.

Abstract The employees of integrated poultry farms are essential components in the development of the human and social capital of organizations. The general aim of the study was to identify the people management policies adopted on the properties of integrated poultry farmers who use the Dark House system, linked to the Poultry Farmers' Association in the Dourados-MS region. Specifically, the aim was to analyse the degree of organizational communication between employees and integrated poultry farmers; to analyse the working conditions of employees in the poultry houses; and to identify the factors that influence the integrated poultry farmer's intention to adopt a people management policy in the poultry houses. The research is characterized as qualitative-quantitative, based on the theory of planned behavior (TCP) and the theory of organizational climate. The results of the TCP indicate that poultry farmers recognize the importance of people management policies, taking into account the opinions of the integrating company and government agencies, but report a lack of support and training for their implementation. The organizational climate survey revealed that integrated poultry farms lack robust people management policies, highlighting the need for improvements in communication and working conditions. organizations system Farmers DouradosMS Dourados MS region Specifically houses farmer s qualitativequantitative, qualitativequantitative qualitative quantitative, quantitative qualitative-quantitative (TCP agencies implementation

Resumo Os colaboradores dos aviários integrados são componentes essenciais para o desenvolvimento do capital humano e social das organizações. O objetivo geral deste estudo foi identificar a política de gestão de pessoas adotada nas propriedades dos avicultores integrados vinculados à Associação de Avicultores na região de Dourados, MS, que utilizam o sistema de criação Dark House. Especificamente, durante a pesquisa, foram analisados o grau de comunicação organizacional entre colaborador e avicultor integrado e as condições de trabalho dos colaboradores nos aviários, além de identificados os fatores que influenciam o avicultor integrado a adotar uma política de gestão de pessoas nos aviários. A pesquisa caracteriza-se como quali-quanti, baseando-se na teoria do comportamento planejado (TCP) e na teoria do clima organizacional. Os resultados, a partir da TCP, indicam que os avicultores reconhecem a importância das políticas de gestão de pessoas, levando em consideração as opiniões da empresa integradora e de órgãos governamentais, mas relatam falta de apoio e capacitação para sua implementação. A pesquisa sobre o clima organizacional revelou que os aviários integrados carecem de políticas robustas de gestão de pessoas, evidenciando a necessidade de melhorias na comunicação e nas condições de trabalho. organizações Dourados MS House Especificamente caracterizase caracteriza se qualiquanti, qualiquanti quali quanti, quanti quali-quanti baseandose baseando TCP (TCP resultados governamentais implementação

RESUMEN Introducción: Las organizaciones laborales desde una perspectiva positiva, ponderan el bienestar de sus trabajadores para alcanzar el éxito. Contar con colaboradores y grupos de trabajo con capacidades de resiliencia y comprometidos con su organización, debe ser la brújula que guíe a las organizaciones que no solo busquen sobrevivir, sino hacer de ese espacio un lugar de crecimiento personal, grupal y organizacional. Compromiso y resiliencia son dos temas que han ido ganando interés en el ámbito laboral, en particular, desde la Psicología positiva. Objetivo: Caracterizar las variables resiliencia organizacional y compromiso organizacional en una instalación hotelera. Métodos: Metodología cuantitativa, diseño no experimental de tipo transversal con un alcance exploratorio y descriptivo. Se aplicó el cuestionario de compromiso organizacional de Schaufeli (2003) y el cuestionario de resiliencia organizacional Salanova y otros (2012). Resultados: Las puntuaciones más altas en cuanto al compromiso organizacional se obtuvieron en las dimensiones vigor y dedicación (4,75 y 4,70, respectivamente); la más baja también se obtuvo en la dimensión absorción (4,52). En cuanto a la resiliencia organizacional, los resultados obtenidos permiten considerarla como una organización resiliente (medias entre 4 y 5). Conclusiones: En cuanto al compromiso organizacional, este se caracteriza por el vigor y la dedicación. Se obtuvo un nivel alto de resiliencia organizacional; sin embargo, algunos indicadores como la ausencia de solvencia económica suficiente para enfrentar dificultades en la organización y la participación de los trabajadores en la toma de decisiones organizacionales, pudieran menoscabar la resiliencia organizacional en el hotel.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Labor organizations, from a positive perspective, weigh the well-being of their workers to achieve success. Having collaborators and work groups, with resilience capabilities and committed to their organization, should be the compass that guides organizations that not only seek to survive, but make that space a place of personal, group and organizational growth. Commitment and resilience are two topics that have been gaining interest in the workplace, in particular, from positive psychology. Objective: To characterize the variables organizational resilience and organizational commitment in a hotel facility. Methods: A quantitative methodology and a non-experimental cross-sectional design were applied, with an exploratory and descriptive scope. The organizational commitment questionnaire of Schaufeli (2003) and the organizational resilience questionnaire of Salanova et al. (2012) were applied. Results: The highest scores regarding organizational commitment were obtained in the energy and dedication dimensions (4.75 and 4.70, respectively); the lowest was also obtained in the absorption dimension (4.52). Regarding organizational resilience, the results obtained allow it to be considered as a resilient organization (averages between 4 and 5). Conclusions: Regarding organizational commitment, it is characterized by energy and dedication. A high level of organizational resilience was obtained. However, some indicators such as the lack of sufficient economic solvency to face difficulties in the organization and the participation of workers in organizational decision-making, could undermine organizational resilience in the hotel.

ABSTRACT Introduction: In the current Cuban context, the community, based on the municipality, is of great importance for local development. Given the demand for the sciences to contribute to its improvement, the role of community psychology becomes relevant. From this reference, it was developed an investigation whose general objective was: to analyze the articulation of personal and institutional social networks for the satisfaction of the needs of four communities of Havana and Artemisa. For this, the following specific objectives were set: to diagnose the needs of four communities in Havana and Artemisa, to characterize the personal participation networks for the satisfaction of community needs, to characterize institutional social networks for the satisfaction of community needs, and to compare the networks based on the communities and the sociodemographic characteristics of the inhabitants. Methods: A mixed design was used. The fundamental techniques were: semi-structured interview and name generator. The sample was made up of 251 institutional representatives and 1,379 residents. Results: They were noted physical (the most demanding), economic, cultural, of socialization and political community needs. Personal networks to satisfy community needs were small, articulated mostly from actions of spontaneous participation, and reflect relational vulnerability. The links between personal and institutional networks showed discrete scopes. Institutional social networks to satisfy community needs showed insufficient strength in their links and high degrees of centralization around the municipal government (Asamblea Municipal del Poder Popular). Institutions related to the same area of work were poorly connected to each other. In each municipality the generalities described were expressed in particular ways. The difficulties of articulation were more remarkable in Plaza de la Revolución municipality. Conclusions: in the four communities, the limitations for the articulation of personal and institutional social networks are mediating the dissatisfaction of community needs.

RESUMEN Introducción: En el contexto cubano actual, la comunidad, con base en el municipio, reviste gran importancia para el desarrollo local. Ante la demanda a las ciencias de contribuir a su perfeccionamiento, se hace pertinente el aporte de la psicología comunitaria. Desde este referente, se desarrolla una investigación que tuvo como objetivo general: analizar la articulación de las redes sociales personales e institucionales para la satisfacción de las necesidades comunitarias de 4 comunidades de La Habana y Artemisa. Métodos: Se empleó un diseño mixto. Las técnicas fundamentales fueron: entrevista semiestructurada y generador de nombres. La muestra se compuso por 251 representantes institucionales y 1379 pobladores. Resultados: Se constatan necesidades comunitarias físicas (más demandantes), económicas, culturales, de socialización y políticas. Las redes personales para satisfacer las necesidades comunitarias son pequeñas, articuladas mayormente desde acciones de participación espontánea, y reflejan vulnerabilidad relacional. Los enlaces entre las redes personales e institucionales muestran alcances discretos. Las redes sociales institucionales para satisfacer las necesidades comunitarias muestran insuficiente fortaleza en sus vínculos y altos grados de centralización en torno a la Asamblea Municipal del Poder Popular. Las instituciones relativas a una misma área de trabajo están poco conectadas entre sí. Las generalidades descritas se expresan de forma particular en cada municipio. Las dificultades de articulación sobresalen en Plaza de la Revolución. En conclusiones en las 4 comunidades las limitaciones para la articulación de las redes sociales personales e institucionales están mediando la insatisfacción de las necesidades comunitarias.

Abstract Economic and technological changes, aligned to the pandemic scenario and world restrictions have expanded informal and precarious forms of work. The Psychology of Work Theory is a theoretical perspective of career and work, including formal and informal workers. In order to fill a gap of instruments for assessing job satisfaction characteristics in this context, the General Job Satisfaction Scale was adapted by the survey study with two waves of data collection. In the first sample of 709 workers, was explored the internal structure and precision aspects based on exploratory factorial procedures. The second sample of 600 participants, the one-dimensional structure was reassessed by confirmatory factor procedures, in addition to checking the instrument's invariance in terms of subjective social class (AB and CDE), gender (man and women) and work’s nature (formal and informal). Results pointed to a measure with good psychometric properties and an invariant metric for all categorical variables investigated.

Resumen Los cambios económicos y tecnológicos, alineadas a un escenario pandémico y las restricciones mundiales, han expandido formas de trabajo informal y precario. La Teoría de la Psicología del Trabajo es una perspectiva teórica de la carrera y el trabajo, que incluye a los trabajadores formales e informales. Para llenar un vacío en instrumentos de satisfacción laboral, se adaptó la Escala General de Satisfacción Laboral con muestra de 1309 trabajadores, un estudio encuesta con dos oleadas de recolección. En la primera muestra de 709 trabajadores, exploró la estructura interna y la precisión mediante procedimientos factoriales exploratorios. La segunda muestra de 600, se reevaluó la estructura unidimensional mediante procedimientos factoriales confirmatorios e invariancia configuracional, métrica y escalar de clase social subjetiva (alta y baja), género (hombre y mujer) y naturaleza del trabajo (formal y informal y fuera del mercado formal). Los resultados mostraron buenas propiedades psicométricas, invariancia y adaptación para diferentes trabajadores.

Resumo Transformações econômicas e tecnológicas, alinhadas ao cenário pandêmico e diferentes restrições mundiais expandiram formas de trabalho informais e precárias. A Teoria da Psicologia do Trabalhar é uma perspectiva teórica de carreira e trabalho, que contempla trabalhadores formais e informais. Para preencher uma lacuna de instrumentos para avaliação de características de satisfação laboral adaptou-se a Escala de Satisfação Laboral Geral com amostra de 1309 trabalhadores, via estudo tipo survey com duas ondas de coleta. Na primeira amostra de 709 trabalhadores, explorou-se a estrutura interna e precisão por procedimentos fatoriais exploratórios. Na segunda amostra de 600 participantes, reavaliou-se a estrutura unidimensional por procedimentos fatoriais confirmatórios e invariância configural, métrica e escalar em variáveis de classe social subjetiva (alta e baixa), gênero (homem e mulher) e natureza do trabalho (formal x trabalhadores informais e fora do mercado formal). Ambos resultados apontaram boas propriedades psicométricas, invariância e adaptação para diferentes públicos de trabalhadores.

This article has as its main objective to associate the notions of the society of the spectacle, neoliberalism, and psychopathology. In the spectacular society, there is a supremacy of the image as the mediation of human relationships. In neoliberalism, on the other hand, we see a specific form of managing suffering, which turns the individual into something akin to a company, with risk management and performance analysis. From this, we observe a shift in the field of psychopathology, where terms like "efficiency" and "deficit" are introduced, indicating that, ultimately, everyone is disordered. Thus, in these societal molds, we perceive an individual who must increasingly demonstrate performance, updating the notion of pathology, which can be seen as one who does not produce and does not consume. In addition to this, this hegemonic discourse is supported by psychology and psychiatry themselves through the dissemination of diagnostic methods and the scientification of habits on social media, making these fields points of ideological and economic maintenance in today's society. Therefore, the individual in modernity becomes one who, exposed to diagnoses and clinical methods as if they were commodities, identifies with the diagnoses in a process that pathologizes life experiences. Faced with a demand for performance at all costs, the individual performs symptoms and diagnoses, which, being objects of consumption, can also represent social approval and no longer a reason for exclusion. Thinking in the field of psychopathology today means thinking beyond the dichotomy of health and disease but also about its capacity for social mobilization.

Esse artigo tem como principal objetivo associar as noções de sociedade do espetáculo, neoliberalismo e psicopatologia. Na sociedade espetacular, tem-se uma supremacia da imagem como mediação das relações humanas. Já no neoliberalismo, vê-se uma forma específica de gestão do sofrimento, que faz com que o sujeito seja semelhante a uma empresa, com gestão de riscos e análise de desempenho. A partir disso, observa-se uma virada no campo da psicopatologia, na qual termos como “eficiência” e “déficit” são inseridos, indicando que, em última instância, todos são transtornados. Assim, nesses moldes de sociedade, percebe-se um sujeito do qual é preciso cada vez mais demonstrar desempenho, atualizando a noção de patologia, que pode ser vista como aquele que não produz e não consome. Aliado a isso, têm-se o sustento desse discurso hegemônico pela própria psicologia e pela psiquiatria com a divulgação dos métodos diagnósticos e pela cientifização dos hábitos nas redes sociais, fazendo com que essas áreas sejam pontos de manutenção ideológica e econômica da atualidade. Assim, o sujeito na modernidade passa a ser aquele que, exposto a diagnósticos e métodos clínicos como se fossem mercadorias, se identifica com os diagnósticos em um processo que patologiza experiências da vida. Diante de uma exigência do desempenho a todo custo, o sujeito performa sintomas e diagnósticos, que sendo objetos de consumo, podem representar também aprovação social e não mais motivo de exclusão. Pensar no campo da psicopatologia hoje é pensar para além do binômio saúde e doença, mas também, na sua capacidade de mobilização social.

Resumen El concepto de bienestar subjetivo se refiere a la forma global, positiva o negativa, en la que las personas evalúan sus vidas y experiencias. La búsqueda de factores que expliquen el bienestar subjetivo, actualmente uno de los temas de mayor interés en la psicología, condujo al concepto de satisfacciones de dominios, que se entienden como los juicios que las personas hacen al evaluar los mayores dominios de vida. Este estudio correlacional tuvo por objetivo establecer la relación de la satisfacción en los dominios económico, de pareja, familia, amigos, salud, vida universitaria y rendimiento académico, con los componentes cognitivo y emocional del bienestar subjetivo (satisfacción vital y felicidad, respectivamente), identificando cuáles de esos dominios lo predicen. La muestra, no probabilística, estuvo conformada por 344 estudiantes de una universidad pública colombiana (50.9 % mujeres y 49.1 % hombres) con edades entre 18 y 29 años (. = 20.89; DT = 2.52). Los resultados mostraron una fuerte relación de todos los dominios con el bienestar subjetivo. La satisfacción en los dominios económico, de pareja, familia, amigos y vida universitaria explicó la varianza de la satisfacción vital y la felicidad en forma diferenciada. Se concluye que: (a) el bienestar se afecta con la satisfacción de necesidades asociadas a los dominios cercanos e importantes para el individuo; (b) las satisfacciones de dominios impactan más el componente cognitivo del bienestar que el emocional; (c) el dominio económico satisface más necesidades cognitivas, la amistad suple necesidades emocionales, y la pareja, la familia y la vida universitaria satisfacen ambas.

Abstract The concept of subjective well-being refers to the overall positive or negative way in which people evaluate their lives and experiences. It is generally accepted that subjective well-being is made up of a cognitive component usually called satisfaction with life or life satisfaction and an emotional component usually referred to as happiness. The search for factors that explain subjective well-being is currently one of the most interesting topics in psychology and led to the concept of domain satisfactions, which are understood as the judgments that people make when evaluating the major domains of life. It refers to the perceived degree of satisfaction that we obtain from the way in which each of these main domains or areas of our lives are developed. This correlational study with predictive intent aimed at establishing the relationship of satisfaction in the economic, couple, family, friends, health, university life, and academic performance domains, with the cognitive and emotional components of subjective well-being (life satisfaction and happiness, respectively), identifying which of these domains predict well-being. The non-probabilistic sample, for convenience, was made up of 344 women and men (50.9 % and 49.1 % respectively) between 18 and 29 years of age (M = 20.89); SD = 2.52), students from an important Colombian public university based in the city of Palmira. The instruments, which include the Diener’s life satisfaction and Lyubomirsky and Lepper’s happiness scales, and simple items for each domain satisfaction studied (economic, couple, family, friends, health, university life, and academic performance) were answered in a format printed by 64 % of the participants and in virtual format by 36 %, according to their own choice. The results showed that all domain satisfactions were significantly related to both the cognitive and the emotional components of subjective well-being. The results also showed that except for satisfaction with health and academic performance, all other domain satisfactions predicted at least one of the components of subjective well-being. In general, domain satisfactions explained the variance of satisfaction and happiness much better than sociodemographic variables. Thus, it was confirmed that the psychological significance of events that occur in the main areas of people´s lives have much more relevance to well-being than situational factors such as sociodemographic ones. In a different sense, and order of impact, satisfaction with the economic domain, satisfaction with university life, and satisfaction with the couple emerged as the domains that had the greatest influence on life satisfaction, and satisfaction with friends and satisfaction with university life emerged as the strongest predictors of happiness. The results suggest that well-being is especially affected by the satisfaction of needs associated with the closest domains and more important to the individual. These would include the economic domain and relationships that involve affections, but also other domains that, for specific reasons, occupy a relevant place in the individual's internal hierarchy of importance, which may vary among cultures and even among people of the same culture. The above conclusion could explain, among other findings, the significant impact of satisfaction with university life on subjective well-being. The results also suggest that, in general, domain satisfactions have a greater impact on the cognitive component of well-being than on the emotional component, and that, in particular, domains such as economics fundamentally satisfy cognitive needs, friendship fundamentally satisfy emotional needs, and other domains such as couple, family and university life, satisfy both cognitive and emotional needs. This would demonstrate the importance of applying differentiated instruments to study the cognitive and emotional components of well-being.

Resumen El consumo se ha instaurado en las sociedades posmodernas como un medio regulador de las relaciones sociales. En este contexto, la compra compulsiva se establece como patológica y genera un malestar psicológico significativo en las personas, al punto de deteriorar el funcionamiento social y profesional. A esto se suman graves problemas económicos como producto del endeudamiento. Bajo este escenario, los jóvenes son particularmente sensibles, ya que con el consumo acceden a objetos simbólicos que forman parte de su construcción de identidad. Una dimensión relacionada con la compra compulsiva y el acceso al consumo bajo elementos simbólicos es la discrepancia del yo, la cual establece la distancia entre quién soy y quién me gustaría ser de acuerdo a patrones sociales que motivan el consumo como extensión del sujeto y materialización de la propia identidad. En base a lo anterior, la presente investigación tiene por objetivo determinar el efecto de la discrepancia del yo sobre las actitudes hacia la compra compulsiva en estudiantes universitarios chilenos. A través de una regresión lineal múltiple se aprecia que la discrepancia del yo físico (belleza), económico y el sexo son predictores significativos de la compra compulsiva. De igual manera, se observa que las mujeres son un grupo con mayores puntuaciones en cuanto a las compras compulsivas que los hombres, las cuales pueden verse mayormente afectadas por el contexto, y las campañas de marketing pueden influir en una mayor brecha entre el yo real y el yo ideal.

Abstract Consumption has been established in postmodern societies as a means of regulating social relations. In this context, compulsive buying could be established as pathological, creating significant psychological discomfort in people, to the point of impairing social and professional functioning, coupled with serious economic problems resulting from indebtedness. Along the same lines, in the construction of a social identity and a socially shared reality, consumption patterns arise that are linked to what the public should be and what they want to be. Therefore, while compulsive buying has been conceptualized for decades, it is a substantial threat to psychological and financial well-being. Few studies have explored the link between self-discrepancy and compulsive buying within an identity construction context. In this scenario, it is young people who become particularly sensitive, since with consumption they access symbolic objects that are part of their identity construction and a dimension related to compulsive buying. Therefore, it can be hypothesized that access to the consumption of symbolic elements is self-discrepancy. That is why this research aims at determining the effect of the self-discrepancy on attitudes towards compulsive buying in Chilean university students. The study uses a quantitative, correlational, and non-experimental cross-sectional design. Study sample was comprised of 1 229 Chilean university students, who responded to the scale of attitudes towards consumption, the self-discrepancy scale, and answered questions for sociodemographic characterization including: gender (male/female), age, geographical area of residence (rural/urban), people with whom they live, and whether they have any bank credit cards. Prior to data collection, a letter was sent to Faculty Deans and Program Directors of all the universities associated with the Council of Rectors of Chile; these letters described the aims of the study, and requested information and authorization for the distribution of the instrument previously described. It is important to indicate that, after this, a random sampling process was initiated, after which each participant was contacted, so that they could sign an informed consent form, thus ensuring the anonymity ethical guidelines of the study. The data was processed through SPSS version 22 software, looking for the presence of univariate and multivariate outliers through Z-scores and Mahalanobis distance. A descriptive analysis of the variables was then carried out based on the dispersion, central trend and shape measurements. Subsequently, the data was analysed through bivariate statistics through Pearson correlations, to indicate into empirical relationships between compulsive purchase as a dependent variable and sociodemographic variables (sex and bank credit card holding) and the dimensions associated with the self-discrepancy (intellectual, physical, physical beauty, personal, social, emotional and economic) as independent variables. Once the behaviour of the variables was observed, a hierarchical multiple linear regression was performed. Regarding the results of this research, multiple linear regression shows that physical self-discrepancy (beauty), economic self-discrepancy and gender are significant predictors of compulsive buying. Similarly, it is noted that women are a group with higher scores in terms of compulsive purchases than men, which may be mostly affected by the context, where marketing campaigns can influence a greater gap between the real self and the ideal self.