Abstract Introduction: There is a close relationship between mental health and eating styles. Mental health indicators such as anxious and depressive symptomatology have reported direct effects on eating styles that promote excess malnutrition such as emotional or restrictive eating. The aim was to analyze the effect of anxious and depressive symptomatology on eating styles in women and men from northern and central Chile. Method: Nine hundred and ten adults living in northern and central Chile participated in the study. The Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) were administered. The analysis of the global model of the relationship between variables was carried out using structural equation modeling. Results: The structural model presented adequate goodness-of-fit indicators, anxious symptomatology had a direct and significant effect on emotional eating, external eating and restrictive eating. On the other hand, depressive symptomatology, did not present significant effects on any eating style. Conclusions: As anxiety levels increase, levels of all eating styles increase. Depression, could interact mediating the relationship by the emotional context that generates the depressive symptomatology.

Resumen Antecedentes: existe una estrecha relación entre salud mental y estilos de alimentación. Indicadores de salud mental como sintomatología ansiosa y depresiva han reportado efectos directos sobre estilos de alimentación que promueven la malnutrición por exceso como la alimentación emocional o restrictiva. Se analizó el efecto de la sintomatología ansiosa y depresiva sobre los estilos de alimentación en mujeres y hombres del norte y centro de Chile. Método: participaron 910 adultos residentes en el norte y centro de Chile; se aplicó el Cuestionario Holandés de Conducta Alimentaria (DEBQ), así como el Inventario de Ansiedad de Beck (BAI) y el Inventario de Depresión de Beck-II (BDI-II). El análisis del modelo global de la relación entre variables se realizó mediante modelos de ecuaciones estructurales. Resultados: el modelo global presentó adecuados indicadores de bondad de ajuste; la sintomatología ansiosa tuvo un efecto directo y significativo sobre la alimentación emocional, alimentación externa y alimentación restrictiva. Por su parte, la sintomatología depresiva no presentó efectos significativos sobre ningún estilo de alimentación. Conclusiones: a medida que aumentan los niveles de ansiedad, aumentan los niveles de todos los estilos de alimentación. La depresión podría interactuar mediando la relación por el contexto emocional que genera la sintomatología depresiva.

Abstract The high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in firefighters is of great concern, since cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of illness and death in this population. The aim of this study was to describe and analyze cardiorespiratory capacity, dietary habits, and body fat percentage in Chilean firefighters. Sixty-five firefighters were recruited and a non-experimental approach of observational and analytical design was used. A cycloergometer exercise test and indirect calorimetry were used to measure maximum oxygen consumption [VO2max] as an indicator of cardiorespiratory capacity, a survey of dietary habits, and bioimpedance to determine the percentage of body fat mass. The mean VO2max was 26,60 ml kg-1min-1 [SD: 6,51]. 83,1% of the participants had excess malnutrition, and 78,5% had excess fat mass. A significant negative relationship was found between VO2max and BMI [rs = -0,468, p<0,001] and body fat percentage [rs = -0,640, p<0,001]. The cardiorespiratory capacity of 89,2% of the subjects was classified as “poor” or “very poor”. According to the results obtained and the available evidence, the projection of this study would be the search for protocols that protect aspects of preventive health and maintenance in Chilean firefighters.

Resumen La alta prevalencia de factores de riesgo cardiovascular en bomberos es de gran preocupación, debido a que las enfermedades cardiovasculares son la principal causa de enfermedad y muerte en esta población. El objetivo de esta investigación fue describir y analizar la capacidad cardiorrespiratoria, hábitos alimentarios y porcentaje de grasa corporal de bomberos chilenos. Fueron reclutados 65 bomberos y se utilizó un enfoque no experimental de diseño observacional y analítico. Se empleó una prueba de ejercicio en cicloergómetro y calorimetría indirecta para medir el consumo máximo de oxígeno [VO2máx] como indicador de la capacidad cardiorrespiratoria, encuesta para los hábitos alimentarios, y bioimpedancia para determinar el porcentaje de masa grasa corporal. El VO2máx promedio fue de 26,60 ml kg-1min-1 [DE: 6,51]. El 83,1% de los participantes presentaban malnutrición por exceso, y el 78,5% tenían exceso de masa grasa. Se encontró una relación negativa significativa entre el VO2máx e IMC [rs = -0,468, p<0,001] y el porcentaje de grasa corporal [rs = -0,640, p<0,001]. El 89,2 % de los sujetos tuvo una capacidad cardiorrespiratoria clasificada como “pobre” o “muy pobre”. Según los resultados obtenidos y la evidencia disponible, la proyección del presente estudio sería la búsqueda de protocolos que resguarden aspectos de salud preventiva y mantención en bomberos chilenos.

Abstract Introduction: Nutritional status, body composition and eating habits are relevant for eligibility, training, and naval career progression, due to the influence of these factors have on the physical and mental health and sports performance of recruits. Objective: To describe and evaluate the nutritional status, body composition and eating behavior of first-year students of the “Alejandro Navarrete Cisterna” Naval School in Talcahuano. Methods: Non-experimental cross-sectional study of 781 recruits. Anthropometric and body composition evaluation was carried out by trained nutritionists, and the self-report Eating Habits Survey was applied. Results: Age 19.2 ± 1.47 years, 35.7% women. According to nutritional status, a higher percentage of overweight and obesity was observed in women compared to men. BMI was related to body composition; women had a mean BMI of overweight with a higher percentage of body fat and a lower percentage of muscle mass. Eating behavior was significantly related to nutritional status, with compliance of: dairy consumption, legume consumption, daily dinner and non-consumption of alcoholic beverages being higher in normal weight recruits than in those with overweight and obesity. Conclusion: The naval recruits had a higher normal weight, less obesity and better eating behavior than the general population, possibly due to the physical and nutritional preparation in the initial period of naval training.

Resumen Introducción: El estado nutricional, la composición corporal y los hábitos alimentarios son relevantes para la elegibilidad, entrenamiento y progresión de la carrera naval, por la influencia que tienen estos factores sobre la salud física, mental y rendimiento deportivo de los reclutas. Objetivo: Describir y evaluar el estado nutricional, la composición corporal y la conducta alimentaria de estudiantes de primer año de la Escuela de Grumetes “Alejandro Navarrete Cisterna” de Talcahuano. Métodos: Estudio no experimental de corte transversal a 781 grumetes. Se realizó evaluación antropométrica y de composición corporal por nutricionistas entrenadas, y se aplicó la Encuesta sobre Hábitos Alimentarios de autorreporte. Resultados: Edad 19,2 ± 1,47 años, 35,7% mujeres. Según el estado nutricional, se observó un mayor porcentaje de sobrepeso y obesidad en mujeres comparado con los hombres. El IMC se relacionó directamente con la composición corporal; las mujeres presentaron una media de IMC de sobrepeso con mayor porcentaje de grasa corporal y menor porcentaje de masa muscular. La conducta alimentaria se relacionó con estado nutricional significativamente, siendo los cumplimientos de: consumo de lácteos, consumo de legumbres, cena diariamente y no consumo de bebidas alcohólicas más altos en reclutas normopeso que en aquellos con sobrepeso y obesidad. Conclusión: Los grumetes presentaron mayor normopeso, menor obesidad y mejor conducta alimentaria que la población general, debido posiblemente a la preparación física y nutricional en el periodo inicial de la instrucción naval.

Abstract Objective To investigate the relationship between the biopsychosocial environment and eating habits and behaviors that lead to the selection and consumption of certain food from the earliest stages of life. To clarify whether there is an interaction between genetic and epigenetic factors, and how they shape eating habits. Data source A narrative review based on research in PubMed and Web of Science electronic databases was carried out over the last 10 years, searching the title and summary fields using the keywords Children OR adolescents Feeding Behavior eating OR Dietary Habits OR Eating Behavior OR Eating Habits OR Children obesity. Data synthesis The generational transmission of eating habits is related to the home, community, and school environments, mainly during the first years of life, and can exert the modulation of habits during all stages of life. During childhood, the family's role in consolidating eating habits is very broad and ranges from choosing foods to prioritizing family meals, including the lifestyle. Conclusions Eating habits are transmitted from parents to children in different ways: environmental, emotional, social, and educational. In cases of obesity, a greater association of genetic influence can be observed. life factors 1 obesity home community environments childhood familys s meals lifestyle ways environmental emotional social educational observed

Abstract Objective: To know the scientific evidence to identify patterns of changes in lifestyles during childhood and their association with various anthropometric parameters in infants caused during confinement by COVID-19. Materials and methods: A systematic analysis was carried out following the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guide in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases, the keywords used were diabetes mellitus tipo 2 or diabetes mellitus type II, hipertensión or hypertension, cuarentena or quarantine, covid-19, infantes or child, estilos de vida saludables or healthy lifestyles, sedentarismo or sedentarism, comportamientos alimentarios or eating behaviors. The search was carried out from April 2019 to June 2022. Results: The search yielded 221 articles, only 5 articles met the inclusion, exclusion and quality criteria, which show that the COVID-19 confinement caused changes in lifestyles. life that were mainly associated with a sedentary lifestyle during childhood. Conclusions: There is little information on the effects that COVID-19 confinement has caused on the lifestyles of infants, the existing information shows changes in pro-healthy eating habits in infants and decreased physical activity; therefore, activities aimed at guardians or responsible adults are recommended so that they can supervise feeding and improve nutrition, as well as carry out activities that encourage physical activity.

Resumen Objetivo: Conocer las evidencias científicas que evidencian cambios en los patrones de estilos de vida durante la infancia y su asociación con el confinamiento causado por la COVID-19. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un análisis sistemático siguiendo los lineamientos de la guía Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) en las bases de datos de PubMed y Google Académico, las palabras claves utilizadas fueron diabetes mellitus type II o diabetes mellitus tipo II, hypertension o hipertensión, quarantines o cuarentena, covid 19, infants o infantes, child o niños, healthy lifestyle o estilo de vida saludable, sedentary behavior o sedentarismo, feeding behaviors o comportamientos alimentarios. La búsqueda se realizó de abril 2019 a junio 2022. Resultados: La búsqueda arrojó 221 artículos, sólo 5 artículos cumplieron los criterios de inclusión, exclusión y criterios de calidad, los cuales muestran que el confinamiento por COVID-19 causó cambios en los estilos de vida que se asociaron principalmente al sedentarismo durante la infancia. Conclusiones: Existe poca información sobre los efectos que ha causado el confinamiento por la COVID-19 en los estilos de vida de los infantes, la existente muestra cambios en los hábitos alimentarios pro-saludables en infantes y disminución de la actividad física; por lo que se recomiendan actividades dirigidas a los tutores o adultos responsables para que supervisen la alimentación y la mejora de la nutrición, así como realizar actividades que fomenten la actividad física.

Abstract Rumination syndrome is characterized by both voluntary and involuntary postprandial regurgitation. Although some physiological and psychological factors have been studied, the underlying mechanism is not yet understood. The aim of this study was to review the comorbid association between rumination and eating disorders based on the clinical case of a 13-year-old adolescent girl with purging anorexia nervosa who presented with ruminative episodes. Rumination syndrome in adolescents is often associated with comorbid mental health disorders. In eating disorders, the diagnosis has some additional challenges due to the secrecy surrounding this behavior and its heterogeneous presentation. Although still largely unknown to most clinicians, rumination syndrome in adolescents may be partly responsible for emotional and organic deterioration and should therefore be addressed.

Resumo A síndrome de ruminação caracteriza-se por regurgitação pós-prandial voluntária ou involuntária. Apesar de estarem descritos fatores fisiológicos e psicológicos, o mecanismo subjacente não está totalmente esclarecido. O objetivo deste estudo foi fazer uma revisão da presença de episódios de ruminação em perturbações do comportamento alimentar (PCA), partindo do caso clínico de uma jovem de 13 anos de idade com diagnóstico de anorexia nervosa purgativa e episódios ruminativos com início durante o acompanhamento. Nos adolescentes, a síndrome de ruminação surge frequentemente em comorbilidade com outras perturbações psiquiátricas. Nas PCA, o diagnóstico apresenta alguns desafios, quer pela dissimulação do comportamento, quer pela heterogeneidade da apresentação. Embora ainda seja pouco conhecida, a síndrome de ruminação pode potenciar a deterioração emocional e o agravamento orgânico, devendo por isso ser considerada na avaliação destes doentes.

Abstract Literature has emphasized on food environments centrality in food choices and nutritional status. Objective: identify social perceptions of fathers, mothers and guardians, professionals from educational establishments, municipal officials, and stallholders belonging to the southern area of Santiago de Chile, regarding limitations of healthy diet implementation on school environments. Method: six focus groups were carried out grouping 50 key actors linked to educational establishments using a non-probabilistic sample. A content analysis was applied through thematic coding technique seeking to reveal emerging semantic universes. Results: Nine barriers, or semantics, were identified characterizing limitations to healthy eating habits in school environments: family, school kiosks, leaving school establishments, taste, socioeconomic determinants, public policy, lack of knowledge, publicity, and availability of products without seals. Conclusions: limitations associated with domestic food environment have a significantly high representation (47,9%) and contain an individualized responsibility feature. This explanatory culture is opposed to scientific and academic evidence regarding the functioning of eating behavior, and the centrality of food environments facilitating or hindering healthy food consumption.

Resumen La literatura ha hecho hincapié en la centralidad que cumplen los entornos alimentarios en las elecciones alimentarias y en el estado nutricional de la población. Objetivo: identificar las percepciones de padres, madres y apoderados, profesionales de establecimientos educacionales, funcionarios municipales, y feriantes pertenecientes a la zona sur de Santiago de Chile, respecto a las barreras y limitaciones de la puesta en práctica de una alimentación saludable en el ambiente alimentario escolar. Método: se realizaron seis grupos focales agrupando a 50 actores claves vinculados a los establecimientos educacionales de Ciudad Sur utilizando una muestra no probabilística. Se aplicó un análisis de contenido mediante la técnica de codificación temática buscando relevar los universos semánticos emergentes. Resultados: se identificaron nueve barreras, o semánticas, que caracterizan limitantes a la realización de la alimentación saludable en los entornos escolares desde la perspectiva de los participantes: la familia, kioscos escolares, la salida de los establecimientos escolares, gusto, determinantes socioeconómicos, política pública, falta de conocimiento, publicidad y disponibilidad de productos sin sellos. Conclusiones: las limitaciones asociadas al ambiente alimentario doméstico tienen una representación significativamente alta (47,9%) y contienen un carácter de responsabilización individual en su enunciación. Esta cultura explicativa es opuesta a la evidencia científica y académica respecto al funcionamiento de la conducta alimentaria, y a la centralidad de los ambientes alimentarios respecto a la facilitación u obstaculización del consumo de alimentos saludables o adecuados.

Resumo A coruja-das-torres americana (Tyto furcata) vive em ambientes urbanos e se alimenta principalmente de pequenos roedores, sendo de grande importância no controle biológico de pragas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever os hábitos alimentares, parentais e reprodutivos de um casal de corujas-das-torres americanas, naturalmente vivendo fora de uma residência na zona urbana do município de Campos dos Goytacazes, estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Uma caixa de madeira foi instalada em uma parede externa da casa, monitorada por uma câmera de vídeo. Uma planilha foi criada para manter o controle das observações registradas. A fêmea pôs quatro ovos, e após período de incubação de 30-32 dias todos os ovos eclodiram, mas apenas dois filhotes sobreviveram após o canibalismo entre os filhotes. Inicialmente, o macho fornecia a comida aos filhotes e a fêmea permanecia no ninho cuidando da ninhada. Depois de cerca de um mês, a fêmea também começou a sair do ninho e voltar com a presa, que era oferecida aos filhotes, com o macho também continuando com esse comportamento. Os filhotes deixaram o ninho em setembro de 2017. Os dados obtidos mostram a existência de cooperação e divisão de tarefas entre corujas machos e fêmeas durante o período reprodutivo.

Abstract The American Barn Owl (Tyto furcata) lives in urban, periurban and wild environments and feeds mainly on small rodents, meaning it has great importance in the biological control of pests. The aim of this work was to describe the reproductive, parental and eating habits of a pair of American barn owls naturally living outside a residence in the urban area of the municipality of Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil. A wood box was installed on an outside wall of the home, monitored by a video camera. A spreadsheet was created to keep track of the observations recorded. The female laid four eggs, and after an incubation period of 30-32 days all the eggs hatched, but only two chicks survived after cannibalism among the chicks. Initially, the male provided the food to the chicks and the female remained in the nest caring for the brood. After approximately a month, the female also began to leave the nest and return with prey, which was offered to the chicks, with the male also continuing this behavior. The chicks left the nest in September, 2017. The data obtained show the existence of cooperation and division of tasks between male and female owls during the reproductive period.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The identification and understanding of dietary factors and other characteristics that influence gestational weight gain can contribute to the formulation of strategies to promote healthy eating habits before and during pregnancy. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between dietary patterns, sociodemographic and obstetric characteristics, and health-related behaviors in pregnant women. DESIGN AND SETTING: A cross-sectional study was conducted on women undergoing prenatal care in the Unified Health System of Colombo, Paraná, Brazil, from February 2018 to September 2019. METHOD: A weekly food frequency questionnaire was administered, and dietary patterns were identified through factor analysis. Median regression models were constructed to identify the associations between dietary pattern scores and variables. RESULTS: Complete data were obtained from 495 pregnant women. Three dietary patterns were identified: 1) “healthy,” with higher factor loadings for the weekly consumption of raw vegetables, cooked vegetables, and fresh fruits; 2) “Western,” including soft drinks or artificial juice, candies, milk, and dairy products, and processed cold meat; and 3) “traditional,” beans and meat. Pregnant women aged 30 years or older (coefficient [Coef.] 0.86, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.38–1.33) with moderate/intense physical activity (Coef. 0.32, 95% CI 0.02–0.62) had higher adherence to the “healthy” pattern. Adolescents and smokers adhered more to the “traditional” pattern (Coef. 0.17, 95% CI 0.01–0.33). CONCLUSION: Age, smoking status, and physical activity were associated with dietary patterns in pregnant women. BACKGROUND pregnancy OBJECTIVE healthrelated health related SETTING crosssectional cross sectional Colombo Paraná Brazil 201 2019 METHOD administered analysis variables RESULTS 49 1 healthy, “healthy, vegetables fruits 2 Western, Western “Western, juice candies milk products meat 3 traditional, traditional “traditional, coefficient Coef. Coef [Coef. 086 0 86 0.86 95 [CI 0.38–1.33 038133 38 33 moderateintense moderate intense (Coef 032 32 0.32 0.02–0.62 002062 02 62 “healthy “traditional 017 17 0.17 0.01–0.33. 001033 0.01–0.33 . 01 0.01–0.33) CONCLUSION Age status 20 4 “Western [Coef 08 8 0.8 9 0.38–1.3 03813 03 0.3 0.02–0.6 00206 6 0.1 00103 0.01–0.3 0. 0.38–1. 0381 0.02–0. 0020 0010 0.01–0. 0.38–1 038 0.02–0 002 001 0.01–0 0.38– 0.02– 00 0.01– 0.38 0.02 0.01 0.0

RESUMEN Introducción: La pandemia provocada por el COVID-19 trajo efectos preocupantes relacionados con los “nuevos” hábitos adoptados por la población. El largo período de cierre de escuelas y aislamiento social ha impactado profundamente en el aprendizaje, la salud y la protección de niños, niñas y adolescentes. Objetivo: Reevaluar atletas escolares sometidos a cuarentena por COVID-19, destacando los principales hábitos de actividad física (AF), alimentación y sueño y las implicaciones relacionadas con la salud física y mental después de un año de pandemia en la ciudad de Curitiba, Brasil. Métodos: Se realizaron dos encuestas, 342 asistieron a la primera evaluación y 222 a la segunda. Se aplicó un cuestionario en línea (Google docs) a los estudiantes, compuesto por 18 preguntas cerradas y abiertas en el primer momento (inicio de la pandemia) y 22 en el segundo momento (después de un año de pandemia). Resultados: La mitad de los estudiantes (53,2%; 57%) refirió tener hasta tres comidas al día. En cuanto al tiempo de sueño, la mayoría de los estudiantes (80%; 79,5%) pudo dormir por la noche entre las 6:00 y las 10:00. Hubo una disminución significativa en el tiempo dedicado a las redes sociales, migrando a las actividades escolares (p <0,005). Aproximadamente una cuarta parte de los estudiantes deportistas (27%) practicaban AF todos los días y se sentían realizados en la primera evaluación, y en la segunda evaluación este número aumentó al 43% (p = 0,009). Conclusión: A pesar de la disminución del tiempo de pantalla y del aumento de la AF regular, hubo un aumento del peso corporal en más de un tercio de los atletas evaluados. Los que mantuvieron su peso corporal fueron aquellos que mantuvieron estilos de vida más saludables con varias comidas dentro del rango recomendado y que dormían de 6 a 10 horas por noche. Nivel de Evidencia III; Estudio comparativo retrospectivo. Introducción COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 nuevos “nuevos población aprendizaje niños adolescentes Objetivo COVID19, 19, AF, , (AF) Curitiba Brasil Métodos encuestas 34 Google docs 1 inicio 2 pandemia. . Resultados 53,2% 532 53 (53,2% 57% 57 día 80% 80 (80% 79,5% 795 79 5 600 00 6:0 1000. 1000 00. 10:00 sociales p <0,005. 0005 <0,005 0 005 <0,005) 27% 27 (27% 43 0,009. 0009 0,009 009 0,009) Conclusión regular evaluados III retrospectivo COVID1 COVID- (AF 3 53,2 (53,2 8 (80 79,5 7 60 6: 100 10:0 000 <0,00 (27 4 0,00 53, (53, (8 79, 10: <0,0 (2 0,0 (53 ( <0, 0, (5 <0 <

ABSTRACT Introduction: The pandemic caused by COVID-19 has resulted in worrying effects related to the “new” habits adopted by the population. The long period of school closures and social isolation have profoundly impacted the learning, health, and protection of children and adolescents. Objective: To re-evaluate school athletes quarantined by COVID-19, highlighting the main physical activity (PA), eating and sleeping habits, and the implications related to physical and mental health after one year of the pandemic in the city of Curitiba, Brazil. Methods: Two surveys were conducted, 342 attended the first assessment, and 222 attended the second. An online questionnaire (Google docs) was applied to the students, consisting of 18 closed and open questions in the first moment (beginning of the pandemic) and 22 at the second moment (after one year of the pandemic). Results: Half of the students (53.2%; 57%) reported eating up to three meals daily. With regard to sleeping hours, the majority of students (80%; 79.5%) were able to sleep at night between 6:00 and 10:00. There was a significant decrease in the time spent on social networks, migrating to school activities (p <0.005). Approximately a quarter of the student-athletes (27%) practiced PA every day and felt fulfilled in the first assessment, and in the second assessment, this number increased to 43% (p = 0.009). Conclusion: Despite the decrease in screen time and the increase in regular PA, there was an increase in body weight in more than a third of the athletes evaluated. Those who maintained their body weight maintained healthier lifestyles with several meals within the recommended range and slept 6 to 10 hours per night. Level of Evidence III; Retrospective comparative study. Introduction COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 new “new population learning adolescents Objective reevaluate re evaluate COVID19, 19, , (PA) Curitiba Brazil Methods conducted 34 assessment Google docs 1 beginning 2 pandemic. . Results 53.2% 532 53 (53.2% 57% 57 daily 80% 80 (80% 79.5% 795 79 5 600 00 6:0 1000. 1000 00. 10:00 networks p <0.005. 0005 <0.005 0 005 <0.005) studentathletes student 27% 27 (27% 43 0.009. 0009 0.009 009 0.009) Conclusion evaluated III study COVID1 COVID- (PA 3 53.2 (53.2 8 (80 79.5 7 60 6: 100 10:0 000 <0.00 (27 4 0.00 53. (53. (8 79. 10: <0.0 (2 0.0 (53 ( <0. 0. (5 <0 <

RESUMO Introdução: A pandemia provocada pelo COVID-19 resultou em efeitos preocupantes relacionados aos “novos” hábitos adotados pela população. O longo período de fechamento das escolas e o isolamento social têm impactado profundamente a aprendizagem, a saúde e a proteção de crianças e adolescentes. Objetivo: Reavaliar atletas escolares submetidos à quarentena por COVID-19, destacando os principais hábitos de atividade física (AF), alimentação e sono e as implicações relacionadas à saúde física e mental após um ano de pandemia na cidade de Curitiba, Brasil. Métodos: Foram realizadas duas pesquisas, 342 compareceram à primeira avaliação e 222 à segunda. Foi aplicado aos alunos um questionário online (Google docs), composto por 18 questões fechadas e abertas no primeiro momento (início da pandemia) e 22 no segundo momento (após um ano de pandemia). Resultados: Metade dos alunos (53,2%; 57%) relatou fazer até três refeições ao dia. Quanto ao horário de sono, a maioria dos alunos (80%; 79,5%) conseguiu dormir à noite entre 6h00 e 10h00. Houve diminuição significativa do tempo gasto nas redes sociais, migrando para atividades escolares (p <0,005). Aproximadamente um quarto dos alunos atletas (27%) praticava AF todos os dias e se sentiu realizado na primeira avaliação, e na segunda avaliação esse número aumentou para 43% (p = 0,009). Conclusão: Apesar da diminuição do tempo de tela e do aumento da AF regular, houve aumento do peso corporal em mais de um terço dos atletas avaliados. Os que mantiveram o peso corporal foram os que mantiveram estilos de vida mais saudáveis com várias refeições dentro da faixa recomendada e que dormiam de 6 a 10 horas por noite. Nível de Evidência III; Estudo retrospectivo comparativo. Introdução COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 novos “novos população aprendizagem adolescentes Objetivo COVID19, 19, AF, , (AF) Curitiba Brasil Métodos pesquisas 34 Google docs, docs docs) 1 início 2 pandemia. . Resultados 53,2% 532 53 (53,2% 57% 57 dia 80% 80 (80% 79,5% 795 79 5 h 6h0 10h00 sociais p <0,005. 0005 <0,005 0 005 <0,005) 27% 27 (27% 43 0,009. 0009 0,009 009 0,009) Conclusão regular avaliados III comparativo COVID1 COVID- (AF 3 53,2 (53,2 8 (80 79,5 7 6h 10h0 000 <0,00 00 (27 4 0,00 53, (53, (8 79, 10h <0,0 (2 0,0 (53 ( <0, 0, (5 <0 <

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of ultra-processed food consumption and associated factors among children enrolled in the public school system of the city of Barbacena, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted with schoolchildren aged 7–9 years, of both sexes, enrolled in state public schools. Food intake was assessed using the Previous Day Food Questionnaire and the level of physical activity by the Previous Day Physical Activity Questionnaire. The listed foods were classified according to the extent and purpose of industrial processing, using the NOVA classification. Pearson’s χ2 test, Fisher’s exact test, χ2 with Yates correction, and Poisson regression were used in the statistical analysis, estimating the crude and adjusted prevalence ratio, with 95% confidence intervals. Results: The prevalence of daily ultra-processed food consumption was 69.6%. After adjusted analyses, the consumption of ultra-processed food was associated with the omission of breakfast, mid-afternoon snack, supper, low physical activity, and consumption of risk foods. On the other hand, consumption of in natura or minimally processed foods was associated with older age, the consumption of lunch, mid-afternoon snack, dinner, and protective foods. Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of ultra-processed foods consumption, associated with unhealthy dietary habits among schoolchildren. This highlights the need for nutritional counseling and educational actions, favoring healthy eating in childhood. Objective ultraprocessed ultra Barbacena Gerais Brazil Methods crosssectional cross sectional 79 7 9 7– years sexes schools processing classification Pearsons Pearson s χ test Fishers Fisher correction analysis ratio 95 intervals Results 696 69 6 69.6% analyses breakfast midafternoon mid afternoon snack supper hand age lunch dinner Conclusions actions childhood 69.6 69.

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar a prevalência de consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados e fatores associados em crianças matriculadas na rede pública do município de Barbacena, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Métodos Trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado com escolares de 7 a 9 anos de ambos os sexos, matriculados na rede pública estadual de ensino. O consumo alimentar foi avaliado utilizando o Questionário Alimentar do Dia Anterior e o nível de atividade física pelo Questionário de Atividade Física do Dia Anterior. Os alimentos listados foram classificados segundo a extensão e propósito do processamento industrial, conforme proposto pela classificação NOVA. Na análise estatística foram utilizados os testes χ2 de Pearson, Exato de Fisher, χ2 com correção de Yates e regressão de Poisson, estimando-se a razão de prevalência bruta e ajustada, com intervalos de confiança de 95%. Resultados A prevalência de consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados foi de 69,6%. Após análises ajustadas, o consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados foi associado à omissão do café da manhã, lanche da tarde e ceia, baixo nível de atividade física e ao consumo de alimentos de risco. Por outro lado, o consumo de alimentos in natura ou minimamente processados foi associado à maior idade, consumo de almoço, lanche da tarde, jantar e alimentos protetivos. Conclusões Verificamos uma alta prevalência no consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados, associada a hábitos alimentares não saudáveis, em crianças escolares. Isso destaca a necessidade de ações de educação alimentar e nutricional, favorecendo o consumo alimentar saudável na infância. Barbacena Gerais Brasil Tratase Trata se sexos ensino industrial NOVA χ Pearson Fisher Poisson estimandose estimando ajustada 95 95% 696 69 6 69,6% ajustadas manhã ceia risco lado idade almoço protetivos saudáveis nutricional infância 69,6 69,

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the scientific evidence on the impacts caused by the use of screens during the COVID-19 pandemic in children and adolescents, raising reflections for future interventions with this public. Data source: This is an integrative literature review, conducted in the databases Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), United States National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase, published from March 2020 to January 2022, in Portuguese, English and Spanish. Data synthesis: The search strategies allowed retrieving 418 articles, of which 218 were duplicates. The analysis of titles and abstracts resulted in the maintenance of 62 studies. Of these, 31 were excluded from the reading of the full text, since they did not clearly present the phenomenon investigated. Thirty-one were eligible, resulting in five categories: eye consequences; increased sedentary behavior and weight; change in eating habits; implications for sleep quality and impacts on mental health. Conclusions: The excessive use of screens during the pandemic led to numerous consequences for children and adolescents, with a higher incidence of visual damage, sedentary lifestyle, inadequate eating habit and increased weight gain, in addition to impaired sleep quality and mental health. This study provides subsidy for health professionals to carry out continuing education focused on this theme, and elaborate effective interventions for this public in this transition to the post-pandemic period. Objective COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 adolescents source review MEDLINE, MEDLINE , (MEDLINE) LatinoAmericana Latino Americana LILACS, LILACS (LILACS) CINAHL, CINAHL (CINAHL) PubMed, PubMed (PubMed) Scopus Science Embase 202 2022 Portuguese Spanish synthesis 41 articles 21 duplicates 6 studies these 3 text investigated Thirtyone Thirty one eligible categories habits Conclusions damage lifestyle gain theme postpandemic post period COVID1 1 COVID- (MEDLINE (LILACS (CINAHL (PubMed 20 4 2

RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar as evidências científicas sobre os impactos causados pelo uso de telas durante a pandemia da COVID-19 em crianças e adolescentes, almejando reflexões para futuras intervenções com esse público. Fontes de dados: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada nas bases de dados Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), United States National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Scopus, Web of Science e Embase, publicados de março de 2020 a janeiro de 2022, em português, inglês e espanhol. Síntese dos dados: As estratégias de busca possibilitaram recuperar 418 artigos, sendo 218 duplicados. A análise de títulos e resumos resultou na manutenção de 62 estudos. Destes, após a leitura do texto integral foram excluídos 31, uma vez que não apresentavam com clareza o fenômeno investigado. Foram elegíveis 31 estudos, emergindo cinco categorias: consequências oculares; aumento do comportamento sedentário e do peso; alteração dos hábitos alimentares; implicações na qualidade do sono e impactos na saúde mental. Conclusões: Percebe-se que o uso telas em excesso durante a pandemia trouxe inúmeras consequências para o público infantojuvenil, com maior incidência de acometimentos visuais, sedentarismo, alimentação inadequada e, por consequência, maior ganho de peso, além de prejuízos à qualidade do sono e à saúde mental. Este estudo fornece subsídios para que os profissionais da saúde realizem educação continuada voltada para essa temática e elaborem intervenções efetivas para esse público nesta transição para o período pós-pandêmico. Objetivo COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 adolescentes Tratase Trata se literatura MEDLINE, MEDLINE , (MEDLINE) LatinoAmericana Latino Americana LILACS, LILACS (LILACS) CINAHL, CINAHL (CINAHL) PubMed, PubMed (PubMed) Scopus Embase 202 2022 português espanhol 41 artigos 21 duplicados 6 estudos Destes investigado 3 categorias oculares peso alimentares mental Conclusões Percebese Percebe infantojuvenil visuais sedentarismo consequência póspandêmico. póspandêmico pós pandêmico. pandêmico pós-pandêmico COVID1 1 COVID- (MEDLINE (LILACS (CINAHL (PubMed 20 4 2

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar conceitos e temáticas centrais da medicalização da alimentação e da nutrição. Para tanto, realizou-se revisão de busca sistematizada seguindo o método Systematic-Search Flow em sete bases de dados, combinando a palavra-chave “medicali?ation” com nutrition*, diet*, food, nourishment e eat*. Após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e de exclusão, foram selecionados 17 documentos que compuseram o portfólio de análise. A leitura destes documentos permitiu pensar em categorias, sendo elas: medicalização da alimentação: dispositivos de controle do corpo e do comportamento alimentar; dispositivos de prevenção e programas de educação nutricional; alimentos como medicamentos e Nutrição Personalizada. Em todas, foi possível identificar estratégias pelas quais a alimentação e a nutrição foram reduzidas ao olhar da biomedicina, desconsiderando outras dimensões do alimentar-se. Essa redução ocorreu por meio: a) da prescrição de normas de comportamento e dietas; b) de práticas preventivas que moralizam comportamentos considerados de risco, causando estigmatização e culpabilização dos indivíduos pelas suas doenças; c) da concepção dos alimentos como se fossem medicamentos; d) da prescrição individualizada de dietas, de acordo com a Nutrição Personalizada, comprometendo a compreensão do alimentar-se a partir dos aspectos políticos, culturais, históricos e sociais.

Abstract This study aimed to identify concepts and central themes of the medicalization of food and nutrition. To this end, a systematized search review following the Systematic-Search Flow method was conducted in seven databases, combining the keyword “medicali?ation” with nutrition*, diet*, food, nourishment and eat*. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 17 documents were selected to compose the analysis portfolio. The reading of these documents allowed us to think of categories, as follows: medicalization of food: devices to control the body and eating behavior; prevention devices and nutrition education programs; food as medicine and Personalized Nutrition. In all of them, it was possible to identify strategies through which food and nutrition were reduced to the biomedical view, disregarding other dimensions of eating. This reduction occurred through a) the prescription of behavioral norms and diets; b) preventive practices that moralize behaviors considered risky, causing stigmatization and blaming individuals for their diseases; c) the conception of food as if it were medicine; d) the individualized prescription of diets, according to Personalized Nutrition, compromising the understanding of eating from political, cultural, historical, and social aspects.

Abstract This study aimed to identify concepts and central themes of the medicalization of food and nutrition. To this end, a systematized search review following the Systematic-Search Flow method was conducted in seven databases, combining the keyword “medicali?ation” with nutrition*, diet*, food, nourishment and eat*. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 17 documents were selected to compose the analysis portfolio. The reading of these documents allowed us to think of categories, as follows: medicalization of food: devices to control the body and eating behavior; prevention devices and nutrition education programs; food as medicine and Personalized Nutrition. In all of them, it was possible to identify strategies through which food and nutrition were reduced to the biomedical view, disregarding other dimensions of eating. This reduction occurred through a) the prescription of behavioral norms and diets; b) preventive practices that moralize behaviors considered risky, causing stigmatization and blaming individuals for their diseases; c) the conception of food as if it were medicine; d) the individualized prescription of diets, according to Personalized Nutrition, compromising the understanding of eating from political, cultural, historical, and social aspects. end SystematicSearch Systematic Search databases medicaliation medicali ation “medicali?ation nutrition* diet diet* eat eat* criteria 1 portfolio categories follows behavior programs Nutrition them view diets b risky diseases c d political cultural historical aspects

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar conceitos e temáticas centrais da medicalização da alimentação e da nutrição. Para tanto, realizou-se revisão de busca sistematizada seguindo o método Systematic-Search Flow em sete bases de dados, combinando a palavra-chave “medicali?ation” com nutrition*, diet*, food, nourishment e eat*. Após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e de exclusão, foram selecionados 17 documentos que compuseram o portfólio de análise. A leitura destes documentos permitiu pensar em categorias, sendo elas: medicalização da alimentação: dispositivos de controle do corpo e do comportamento alimentar; dispositivos de prevenção e programas de educação nutricional; alimentos como medicamentos e Nutrição Personalizada. Em todas, foi possível identificar estratégias pelas quais a alimentação e a nutrição foram reduzidas ao olhar da biomedicina, desconsiderando outras dimensões do alimentar-se. Essa redução ocorreu por meio: a) da prescrição de normas de comportamento e dietas; b) de práticas preventivas que moralizam comportamentos considerados de risco, causando estigmatização e culpabilização dos indivíduos pelas suas doenças; c) da concepção dos alimentos como se fossem medicamentos; d) da prescrição individualizada de dietas, de acordo com a Nutrição Personalizada, comprometendo a compreensão do alimentar-se a partir dos aspectos políticos, culturais, históricos e sociais. tanto realizouse realizou SystematicSearch Systematic Search dados palavrachave palavra chave medicaliation medicali ation “medicali?ation nutrition nutrition* diet diet* food eat eat* exclusão 1 análise categorias elas alimentar nutricional Personalizada todas biomedicina alimentarse. alimentarse se. meio dietas b risco doenças c d políticos culturais sociais

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The precise relationship between obesity and eating habits, attitudes, and emotion regulation is still ambiguous. The purpose of this study was to investigate possible correlations among body mass index, challenges related to managing emotions, and attitudes toward eating among adult participants with known psychiatric diagnoses. METHODS: The body mass indices of participants were calculated, and data on eating styles were collected using the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire. The level of difficulty in managing emotions was evaluated using the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. RESULTS: The research findings indicated a meaningful positive association. An observation was made between body mass index and results from the Eating Attitude Test-40, as well as the restrained eating subdimension of the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire. Conversely, a meaningful reverse relationship was identified between the scores of the "strategies" subdimension of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. No meaningful differences in eating attitudes and emotion regulation were found between non-obese and obese patients. CONCLUSION: While a partial and meaningful correlation was observed among body mass index, eating attitudes, and emotion regulation difficulties, it is suggested that factors such as patients’ age, disease duration, current body mass index, and the simultaneous presence of depression and anxiety should be considered. OBJECTIVE habits ambiguous diagnoses METHODS calculated Questionnaire Scale RESULTS association Test40, Test40 Test 40, 40 Test-40 Conversely strategies "strategies nonobese non patients CONCLUSION difficulties age duration considered Test4 4 Test-4 Test-