Resumen (Objetivo) El objetivo fue analizar la composición de aves asociadas a cultivos orgánicos de cacao (Theobroma cacao) manejado debajo de 3 diferentes tipos de cobertura arbórea. (Metodología) Distribuimos 3 puntos de conteo en cada finca, para registrar todas las aves observadas y escuchadas, en muestreos de 5 minutos. Los conteos fueron realizados por triplicado, tanto en las primeras horas de la mañana como al atardecer. La diferencia en la composición de la avifauna entre las fincas fue analizada con la prueba ANOSIM. Las abundancias se transformaron por medio de la función decostand y el método Hellinger del paquete estadístico R-Vegan. La agrupación de las especies entre las plantaciones se efectuó mediante el escalamiento multidimensional no métrico (nMDS) y el índice de Bray-Curtis. La contribución de las especies a la disimilitud entre grupos fue analizada con el módulo SIMPER. Consideramos diferencias estadísticamente significativas cuando P ≤ 0,05. (Resultados) Observamos 428 individuos, clasificados en 49 especies y 23 familias. La finca donde las plantas de cacao crecen en condiciones más sombreadas, debido al desarrollo del dosel, mostró mayor cantidad de especies (34) y de individuos (146). La composición de aves varió significativamente entre las fincas (F(1,8) = 3,22; P < 0,02). La abundancia media de 19 especies (39,6 %) hizo notar diferencias significativas (P < 0,05), al comparar la finca con mayor sombra y menor sombra. (Conclusión) La composición de aves es más compleja en aquellas fincas de cacao orgánico que conservan un mayor desarrollo estructural de los árboles de dosel y que están cerca de bosque en regeneración.

Resumo (Objetivo) O objetivo foi analisar a composição das aves associadas às plantações de cacau orgânico (Theobroma cacao) manejadas sob três tipos diferentes de cobertura arbórea. (Metodologia) Distribuímos 3 pontos de contagem em cada fazenda, para registrar todas as aves observadas e ouvidas, em amostragens de 5 minutos. As contagens foram realizadas em triplicata, tanto nas primeiras horas da manhã quanto no final da tarde. A diferença na composição da avifauna entre as fazendas foi analisada com o teste ANOSIM. As abundâncias foram transformadas usando a função de costande o método Hellinger do pacote estatístico R-Vegan. O agrupamento de espécies entre as plantações foi feito usando o escalonamento multidimensional não métrico (nMDS) e o índice de Bray-Curtis. A contribuição das espécies para a dissimilaridade entre os grupos foi analisada com o módulo SIMPER. Consideramos as diferenças estatisticamente significativas quando P ≤ 0,05. (Resultados) Observamos 428 indivíduos, classificados em 49 espécies e 23 famílias. A fazenda onde as plantas de cacau crescem em condições mais sombreadas, devido ao desenvolvimento do dossel, apresentou um número maior de espécies (34) e indivíduos (146). A composição das aves variou significativamente entre as fazendas (F(1,8) = 3,2 apresentou diferenças significativas (P < 0,05) n; Paco< 0, mpa 02). A abundância média de 19 espécies (39,6%) ração entre a fazenda mais sombreada e a menos sombreada. (Conclusão) A composição das avesé mais complexa nas fazendas de cacau orgânico que mantêm árvores de dossel mais desenvolvidas estruturalmente e estão próximas à floresta em regeneração.

Abstract (Objective) The objective of this investigation was to analyze the composition of birds associated with organic cocoa (Theobroma cacao) crops managed under 3 different types of tree cover. (Methodology) Three census points were established in each farm to record all birds observed and heard in 5-minute sample periods. Counts were conducted in triplicate, both in the early morning and at dusk. Differences in avifauna composition between farms were analyzed using the ANOSIM test. Abundances were transformed using the Decostand function and the Hellinger method in the R-Vegan statistical package. Analysis of clustering of species among plantations was performed using non-metric multidimensional scaling (nMDS) and the Bray-Curtis index. Contribution of species to the dissimilarity between groups was analyzed with the SIMPER module. Statistically significant differences were considered when P ≤ 0.05. (Results) Four hundred and twenty-eight individuals were observed, and classified into 49 species and 23 families. The farms where cocoa plants grow in shadier conditions due to canopy development showed a higher number of species (34) and individuals (146). Bird comp P < 0.02). The mean abundance of 19 species osit (39.ion 6%) varied significantly between farms (F (1,8) = 3.22; showed significant differences (P < 0.05) when comparing the farms with the most and least shade. (Conclusion) Bird composition is more complex on organic cocoa farms, which have more developed canopies and are near regenerating forests.

Abstract Introduction: The use of arthropods in ecological studies in the tropical dry forest (TDF) of Colombia focused mainly on spiders, butterflies, ants, and dung beetles; therefore, it is necessary to understand the seasonal dynamics of the other groups such as Geadephaga in this ecosystem. Objective: To evaluate the spatio-temporal variations and the effect of environmental conditions on the diversity of the Geadephaga communities in two TDF fragments in the Colombian Caribbean. Methods: This study was conducted during four sampling events between February and June 2018, each lasting four days, and four nights. Four sampling stations were selected in each locality (Reserva Campesina La Montaña = RCM and Reserva La Flecha = RLF), separated 350 m one from another, with square plots of 50 × 50 m. A light trap was installed in the center of each square, while pitfall traps were installed in the four vertices, and manual capture, beating sheets and leaf litter sieve were carried out. Results: A total of 348 Carabidae and 114 of Cicindelidae were captured. In both fragments, the richness and abundance presented the lowest values in dry season, while the highest values were observed during the rainy season. Tetracha affinis (Dejean, 1825) was the most abundant species in RCM during rainy season. Conclusions: The richness variation and abundance of Geadephaga corresponds to a seasonal pattern at both locations. A high dissimilarity between the communities of Geadephaga from the two fragments was found, despite having similar environmental conditions.

Resumen Introducción: El uso de artrópodos en estudios ecológicos en el bosque seco tropical (Bs-T) de Colombia se centra mayormente en arañas, mariposas, hormigas y escarabajos coprófagos; por lo tanto, es necesario comprender como es la dinámica estacional de otros grupos como Geadephaga en este ecosistema. Objetivo: Evaluar la variación espacio-temporal y el efecto de las condiciones ambientales sobre la diversidad de las comunidades de Geadephaga en dos fragmentos de Bs-T en el Caribe colombiano. Métodos: El estudio se llevó a cabo en cuatro eventos de muestreo entre febrero y junio de 2018; cada uno con una duración de cuatro días y cuatro noches. En cada localidad (Reserva Campesina La Montaña = RCM y Reserva La Flecha = RLF), se marcaron cuatro estaciones distanciadas 350 m, con parcelas de 50×50 m. En el centro de cada parcela se instaló una trampa de luz, mientras que en los cuatro vértices se instalaron trampas de caída, y se realizó captura manual, cernido de hojarasca y perturbación de follaje. Resultados: Se capturó un total de 348 ejemplares de Carabidae y 114 de Cicindelidae. La riqueza y la abundancia presentaron los valores más bajos durante el período seco, mientras que los mayores valores se observaron durante el período de lluvias, en ambos fragmentos. Tetracha affinis (Dejean, 1825) fue la especie más abundante en la RCM durante el período lluvioso. Conclusiones: La variación de la riqueza y abundancia de Geadephaga responde a un patrón estacional en ambos fragmentos. Se encontró una amplia disimilitud entre las comunidades de Geadephaga de ambos fragmentos, pese a tener condiciones ambientales parecidas.

ABSTRACT: This research evaluated the agronomic performance through mixed models, and determined the genetic divergence between black oat genotypes. The experiment was carried out at Federal University of Santa Maria, Frederico Westphalen/RS. Fourteen black oat genotypes were evaluated, being 11 lines developed by Breeding Program of University, and three commercial cultivars (IAPAR 61, UPFA 21 - Moreninha and, IPR Cabocla). We evaluated quantitative traits associated to plant height, cycle, dry mass yield and seeds yield; and 19 qualitative traits, being these morphological descriptors. The results showed that lines UFSMFW 2-05 and UFSMFW 2-07 stand out with characteristics such as early cycle, higher dry mass and grain yield. Divergence analysis revealed the formation of three distinct groups, indicating the presence of variability. These results suggested the potential for the development of new cultivars of black oat, presenting early cycle and good grain yield. ABSTRACT models Maria WestphalenRS Westphalen RS Westphalen/RS 1 IAPAR 61 2 Cabocla. Cabocla . Cabocla) height descriptors 205 05 2-0 207 07 groups variability 6 20 0 2-

RESUMO: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho agronômico por meio de modelos mistos e determinar a divergência genética entre genótipos de aveia preta. O experimento foi conduzido na Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, campus de Frederico Westphalen/RS. Catorze genótipos de aveia preta foram avaliados, sendo 11 linhagens desenvolvidas pelo Programa de Melhoramento da Universidade e três cultivares comercias (IAPAR 61, UPFA 21 - Moreninha e IPR Cabocla). Foram avaliadas características agronômicas quantitativas relacionadas ao porte, ciclo e produtividade de massa seca e de sementes; e 19 características qualitativas, sendo estes descritores morfológicos. Os resultados mostraram que as linhagens UFSMFW 2-05 e UFSMFW 2-07 se destacam com características como ciclo precoce, elevada produtividade de massa seca e de sementes. A análise de divergência revelou a formação de três grupos distintos, indicando presença de variabilidade. Os resultados demonstram o potencial de desenvolvimento de novas cultivares de aveia preta, apresentando precocidade e boa produtividade de sementes. RESUMO Maria WestphalenRS Westphalen RS Westphalen/RS avaliados 1 IAPAR 61 2 Cabocla. Cabocla . Cabocla) porte sementes qualitativas morfológicos 205 05 2-0 207 07 precoce distintos variabilidade 6 20 0 2-

ABSTRACT Watermelon has great importance due to its nutritional properties. The aim of this work was to study accessions classified as resistant to fusariosis. Twelve accessions and two cultivars, Sugar Baby and Charleston Gray (controls), were characterized for watermelon fruit quality descriptors. The experiment was conducted in Petrolina-PE, over two production cycles in a randomized complete block design, with three repetitions and five plants per plot. Two fruits per plot were sampled for characterization. Ten quantitative and seven qualitative descriptors were evaluated. For the qualitative traits, dissimilarity measures were determined by a matrix of Euclidean distance. At the second harvest, most accessions had higher organic acid and vitamin C content in the pulp and higher soluble solids (°Brix) content. The accessions were divided into four groups according to the Tocher method. There is variability among the evaluated accessions, and the accessions BGH-Univasf 40, BGH-Univasf 169, and BGH-Univasf 177 are potential sources for use in watermelon breeding programs. Accessions BGH-UNIVASF 76, BGH-UNIVASF 128, and BGH-UNIVASF 185 (Citrullus lanatus var. citroides) performed well in terms of total production, fruit mass, and vitamin C content. properties fusariosis cultivars controls, controls , (controls) PetrolinaPE, PetrolinaPE Petrolina PE, PE Petrolina-PE design characterization traits distance harvest °Brix Brix (°Brix method BGHUnivasf BGH Univasf 40 169 17 programs BGHUNIVASF UNIVASF 76 128 18 Citrullus var citroides mass (controls 4 16 1 7 12

Abstract Similarly to other animal communities, the diversity of subterranean aquatic fauna is influenced by several factors and processes, such as habitat fragmentation, dispersion, environmental heterogeneity, and physical and chemical water characteristics. Here, we studied cave aquatic communities of the Alto Ribeira hydrographic basin, regarding troglobitic and non-troglobitic species, located in a single karst area to evaluate the influence of sub-basins in fauna differentiation. We investigated how abiotic variables (flow, electrical conductivity, temperature, pH, and substrate) influence the fauna composition and the contribution of beta diversity components (nestedness and turnover) in explaining communities’ dissimilarities. Fauna composition differed between sub-basins, as most species did not co-occur in different caves. Caves with higher flow and substrate diversity were the richest. In addition, each cave community was influenced by a unique set of abiotic variables. Dissimilarity among caves was mainly explained by turnover, and our findings suggest the restricted species distribution could be due to ecological (e.g., limited dispersion capacity, tolerance to abiotic variables), hydrogeological (e.g., dispersion barriers, isolation of sub-basins), and historical (e.g., colonization, paleoclimatic events) factors and processes. Therefore, different elements are responsible for determining the composition of cave aquatic communities in different sub-basins, reflecting the variability within a single karst area. processes fragmentation heterogeneity characteristics Here basin nontroglobitic non subbasins sub basins differentiation flow, (flow conductivity temperature pH nestedness turnover dissimilarities subbasins, basins, cooccur co occur richest addition e.g., eg e g (e.g. capacity variables, , variables) barriers sub-basins) colonization events Therefore e.g. (e.g e.g

Abstract This article presents a typological study based on the personal attributes and economic activities of associates of solidarity economy enterprises. The main focus is on the different social actors that integrate the different types of solidarity initiatives, intending to demonstrate their multiple demands and challenges. We used Multiple Factor Analysis (MFA) with variables extracted from the sample survey of the partners of the solidary economy, carried out by Senaes, in 2013, in the five regions of Brazil. MFA allowed summarizing and hierarchizing the results of the statistical data modeling, defining the existence of common factors and dissimilarity among the 2,895 respondents. The formed clusters resulted in three types, named family farmers (type 1), traditional peoples and communities (type 2), and associated urban workers (type 3). The characterization of the types and their demands may constitute a tool to provide subsidies to formulators and executors of public policies for job and income generation since it allows the targeting of actions that reflect the needs and specificities of each grouping. enterprises initiatives challenges (MFA Senaes 2013 Brazil modeling 2895 2 895 2,89 respondents type 1, 1 , 1) 2, 2) 3. 3 . 3) grouping 201 289 89 2,8 20 28 8

Resumen Estudio tipológico basado en los atributos personales y las actividades económicas de los asociados de los emprendimientos de la economía solidaria. La atención se centra principalmente en los diferentes actores sociales que componen las diversas modalidades de iniciativas solidarias. El objetivo es demostrar sus múltiples demandas y desafíos. Empleamos el análisis factorial múltiple (AFM) junto con variables extraídas de la encuesta por muestreo a socios de la economía solidaria, realizada por la Secretaría Nacional de Economía Popular y Solidaria (Senaes) en las regiones de Brasil, en 2013. El AFM permitió resumir y, al mismo tiempo, clasificar los resultados de la modelización estadística de los datos, definiendo la existencia de factores comunes y de disimilitud entre los 2.895 encuestados. Las agrupaciones formadas dieron lugar a tres tipos, denominados “agricultor familiar” (tipo 1), “pueblos y comunidades tradicionales” (tipo 2), y “trabajadoras asociadas urbanas” (tipo 3). La caracterización de los tipos y sus demandas podría constituirse en una herramienta para brindar apoyo a los formuladores y ejecutores de políticas públicas de generación de trabajo y renta, ya que permite direccionar acciones que reflejen las necesidades y especificidades de cada agrupación. solidaria solidarias desafíos (AFM Senaes (Senaes Brasil 2013 tiempo datos 2895 2 895 2.89 encuestados agricultor familiar tipo 1, 1 , 1) pueblos tradicionales 2, 2) trabajadoras urbanas 3. 3 . 3) renta agrupación 201 289 89 2.8 20 28 8 2.

Resumo Estudo tipológico baseado nos atributos pessoais e nas atividades econômicas dos associados dos empreendimentos de economia solidária. O foco principal são os diferentes atores sociais que integram as diversas modalidades de iniciativas solidárias. O objetivo é demonstrar suas múltiplas demandas e desafios. Empregamos a análise fatorial múltipla (AFM), juntamente com variáveis extraídas da pesquisa amostral dos sócios e das sócias da economia solidária, realizada pela Secretaria Nacional de Economia Popular e Solidária (Senaes) nas regiões do Brasil, em 2013. A AFM permitiu sumarizar e, ao mesmo tempo, hierarquizar os resultados da modelagem estatística dos dados, definindo, assim, a existência de fatores comuns e de dissimilitude entre os 2.895 respondentes. Os clusters formados resultaram em três tipos, nomeados “agricultor familiar” (tipo 1), “povos e comunidades tradicionais” (tipo 2), e “trabalhadoras associadas urbanas” (tipo 3). A caracterização dos tipos e das suas demandas poderá se constituir ferramenta para dar subsídios aos formuladores e executores de políticas públicas de geração de trabalho e renda, uma vez que permite o direcionamento de ações que reflitam necessidades e especificidades de cada agrupamento. solidária solidárias desafios AFM, , (AFM) Senaes (Senaes Brasil 2013 tempo dados definindo assim 2895 2 895 2.89 respondentes agricultor familiar tipo 1, 1 1) povos tradicionais 2, 2) trabalhadoras urbanas 3. 3 . 3) renda agrupamento (AFM 201 289 89 2.8 20 28 8 2.

Resumo A Serra do Ibitipoca ocorre no sudeste do estado de Minas Gerais, sudeste do Brasil, e inclui um mosaico de diferentes tipos de vegetação, como parte do domínio da Mata Atlântica. Tal heterogeneidade é resultado da ocorrência de diversos ecótonos na região, considerados áreas de amortecimento essenciais para manutenção da biodiversidade e estrutura de ecossistemas adjacentes. Dada a importância destes ambientes para conservação da biodiversidade, inventários florísticos são importantes para catalogar a riqueza de plantas em áreas naturais, onde espécies e paisagens têm sido destruídas, especialmente nas últimas décadas. Para contribuir com o aumento do conhecimento sobre a Flora vascular na Serra do Ibitipoca, um inventário florístico foi conduzido em áreas privadas adjacentes ao Parque Estadual do Ibitipoca. As descobertas mais relevantes do presente estudo incluem: caracterização dos diferentes tipos de vegetação, 17 novos registros para a Flora de Minas Gerais, coleta de 288 espécies nunca registradas para o parque (80% de dissimilaridade – especialmente devido à ocorrência e tamanho de diferentes fitofisionomias entre as áreas) e presença de 31 espécies ameaçadas. Além disso, discussões sobre esforços para conservação e políticas públicas são apresentadas. Gerais Brasil vegetação Atlântica região naturais destruídas décadas incluem 1 28 80% 80 (80 3 ameaçadas disso apresentadas 2 8 (8 (

Abstract The Ibitipoca Mountains occur in southeastern Minas Gerais state, Southeast Brazil, and includes a mosaic of different vegetation types, as part of the Atlantic Forest domain. Such heterogeneity results in the occurrence of several ecotones in the region, considered essential buffer zones for maintaining biodiversity and structure among adjacent ecosystems. Given the importance of these environments for biodiversity conservation, floristic surveys are important to catalogue plant richness in natural areas, where species and landscapes have been destroyed, especially over the last decades. To contribute to increase the knowledge on the vascular Flora in the Ibitipoca Mountains, a floristic inventory was undertaken in private properties located in the boundaries of “Parque Estadual do Ibitipoca” (Ibitipoca State Park). Relevant findings of the present study include: characterization of the different vegetation types, 17 new records for the Flora of Minas Gerais, collection of 288 species never recorded in the state park (80% dissimilarity – especially due to the occurrence and size of different phytophysiognomies between these areas) and presence of 31 threatened species. In addition, discussions about conservation efforts and public policies are presented. Brazil types domain region ecosystems areas destroyed decades Parque Park. Park . Park) include 1 28 80% 80 (80 3 addition presented 2 8 (8 (

Abstract Immunodiagnostic tests for detecting dengue virus infections encounter challenges related to cross-reactivity with other related flaviviruses. Our research focuses on the development of a synthetic multiepitope antigen tailored for dengue immunodiagnostics. Selected dengue epitopes involved structural linearity and dissimilarity from the proteomes of Zika and Yellow fever viruses which served for computationally modeling the three-dimensional protein structure, resulting in the design of two proteins: rDME-C and rDME-BR. Both proteins consist of seven epitopes, separated by the GPGPG linker, and a carboxy-terminal 6 × -histidine tag. The molecular weights of the final proteins rDME-C and rDME-BR are 16.83 kDa and 16.80 kDa, respectively, both with an isoelectric point of 6.35. The distinguishing factor between the two proteins lies in the origin of their epitope sequences, where rDME-C is based on the reference dengue proteome, while rDME-BR utilizes sequences from prevalent Dengue genotypes in Brazil from 2008 to 2019. PyMol analysis revealed exposure of epitopes in the secondary structure. Successful expression of the antigens was achieved in soluble form and fluorescence experiments indicated a disordered structure. In subsequent testing, rDME-BR and rDME-C antigens were assessed using an indirect Elisa protocol against Dengue infected serum, previously examined with a commercial diagnostic test. Optimal concentrations for antigens were determined at 10 µg/mL for rDME-BR and 30 µg/mL for rDME-C, with serum dilutions ranging from 1:50 to 1:100. Both antigens effectively detected IgM and IgG antibodies in Dengue fever patients, with rDME-BR exhibiting higher sensitivity. Our in-house test showed a sensitivity of 77.3 % and 82.6 % and a specificity of 89.4 % and 71.4 % for rDME-C and rDEM-BR antigens. No cross-reactivity was observed with serum from Zika-infected mice but with COVID-19 serum samples. Our findings underscore the utility of synthetic biology in crafting Dengue-specific multiepitope proteins and hold promise for precise clinical diagnosis and monitoring responses to emerging Dengue vaccines. crossreactivity cross reactivity flaviviruses immunodiagnostics threedimensional three dimensional structure rDMEC rDME C rDMEBR. rDMEBR BR. BR linker carboxyterminal carboxy terminal histidine tag 1683 16 83 16.8 1680 80 respectively 635 35 6.35 proteome 200 2019 testing 1 µgmL µg mL 3 rDMEC, C, 150 50 1:5 1100. 1100 100. 100 1:100 patients inhouse house 773 77 77. 826 82 82. 894 89 4 89. 714 71 71. rDEMBR rDEM Zikainfected COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 samples Denguespecific specific vaccines 168 8 16. 63 6.3 20 201 15 5 1: 110 1:10 7 COVID1 COVID- 6. 2 11 1:1

ABSTRACT Obtaining introgression lines of saladete-type dwarf tomato plants can provide several advantages in breeding programs. In addition to increasing productivity, the dwarf plant can produce metabolites that are important to resistance to biotic stress. However, there are no saladette-type dwarf tomato introgression lines. The objective of this study was to evaluate the agronomic potential, fruit quality, and secondary metabolites associated with pest resistance for the development saladette-type dwarf tomato introgression lines. The experiment was conducted with 23 treatments, including the UFU MC TOM 1 donor parent, the UFU TOM 5 recurrent parent, the Pizzadoro commercial cultivar (control), 5 populations from the first backcross, and 15 populations from the second backcross. Agronomic and nutraceutical characteristics of fruits and the acylsugar content in the leaflets were evaluated. The genetic dissimilarity was calculated using the generalized Mahalanobis distance (D2). Genetic gain through selection was estimated using the rank sum index and the genotype-ideotype distance index. The selection indices showed the importance of obtaining the second backcross. The populations UFU_13_1, UFU_17_1, UFU_10_1, UFUi_11_3, UFUi_10_3, and UFU_11_2 have the potential to obtain introgression lines as they present good agronomic and fruit quality characteristics and acylsugar content similar to UFU MC TOM 1. The dwarf tomato germplasm obtained has significant genetic variability and a saladette-type genetic background with the potential to develop introgression lines. The cultivar UFU MC TOM 1 is promising and can overcome the wild access Solanum pennellii for breeding programs aimed at pest resistance, increasing productivity, and biofortification of fruits to enhance carotenoids. saladetetype saladete type productivity stress However saladettetype saladette 2 treatments parent control, control , (control) backcross evaluated D2. D2 D . (D2) genotypeideotype genotype ideotype UFU131 13 UFU_13_1 UFU171 17 UFU_17_1 UFU101 10 UFU_10_1 UFUi113 UFUi 11 3 UFUi_11_3 UFUi103 UFUi_10_3 UFU112 UFU_11_ carotenoids (control (D2 UFU13 UFU_13_ UFU17 UFU_17_ UFU10 UFU_10_ UFUi11 UFUi_11_ UFUi10 UFUi_10_ UFU11 UFU_11 (D UFU1 UFU_13 UFU_17 UFU_10 UFUi1 UFUi_11 UFUi_10 UFU_1 UFUi_1 UFU_ UFUi_

RESUMO A obtenção de linhas de introgressão de tomateiro anão do tipo Saladete pode proporcionar vantagens em programas de melhoramento. Além do aumento de produtividade, a planta anã pode apresentar metabólitos para o estresse biótico. No entanto, não existe linhas de introgressão de tomateiro anão do tipo Saladete. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o potencial agronômico, qualidade de fruto e metabólitos secundários para resistência a pragas visando a obtenção de linhas de introgressão de tomateiro anão do tipo Saladete. Foram avaliados 23 tratamentos, sendo o genitor doador UFU MC TOM 1, genitor recorrente UFU TOM 5, cultivar comercial Pizzadoro (Testemunha), cinco populações provenientes do primeiro e 15 populações do segundo retrocruzanento. Foram avaliadas características agronômicas e nutraceuticas dos frutos, e acilaçúcares nos folíolos. A dissimilaridade genética foi calculada por meio da distância generalizada de Mahalanobis (D2) e as estimativas de ganhos genéticos a partir dos índices de soma de ranks e da distância genótipo-ideótipo. Foi possível afirmar a importância de se obter o segundo retrocruzamento. As populações UFU_13_1, UFU_17_1, UFU_10_1, UFUi_11_3, UFUi_10_3 e UFU_11_2 possuem potencial para obtenção de linhas de introgressão por apresentarem boas características agronômicas, qualidade de frutos e teores de acilaçúcar similares a UFU MC TOM 1. O germoplasma de tomateiro anão possui variabilidade genética e background do tipo Saladete com potencial para explorar linhas de introgressão. A cultivar UFU MC TOM 1 é promissora e pode superar o acesso silvestre Solanum pennellii para programas de melhoramento visando resistência a pragas, produtividade e frutos biofortificados para carotenoides. biótico entanto agronômico 2 tratamentos 5 Testemunha, Testemunha , (Testemunha) retrocruzanento folíolos D2 D (D2 genótipoideótipo. genótipoideótipo genótipo ideótipo. ideótipo genótipo-ideótipo retrocruzamento UFU131 13 UFU_13_1 UFU171 17 UFU_17_1 UFU101 10 UFU_10_1 UFUi113 UFUi 11 3 UFUi_11_3 UFUi103 UFUi_10_ UFU112 UFU_11_ carotenoides (Testemunha (D UFU13 UFU_13_ UFU17 UFU_17_ UFU10 UFU_10_ UFUi11 UFUi_11_ UFUi10 UFUi_10 UFU11 UFU_11 UFU1 UFU_13 UFU_17 UFU_10 UFUi1 UFUi_11 UFUi_1 UFU_1 UFUi_ UFU_

ABSTRACT Edge effects are changes in vegetation, microclimate conditions and soil in transition bands between the edge and interior of the forest. The objective of this study was to verify for how many meters it is possible to perceive structural floristic variations caused by the Edge Effect by analyzing the tree and regenerative strata of four seasonal semi-deciduous forests located in the Cerrado Biome, Brazil. Samples were taken from four fragments of semi-deciduous forests in the Cerrado and analyzed by dendrograms and regressions for structural parameters that could distinguish edge and interior regions. In the Bray-Curtis Index and in the Sørensen Coefficient, for the tree stratum, the fragments presented groups with plots close to 40 meters from the edge. For the regenerative stratum the groups were more difficult to distinguish, even with a tendency to floristic dissimilarity of 15 to 20 meters. The groups were statistically confirmed by the Similarity Analysis (ANOSIM). The similarity percentage (SIMPER) can relate the species according to their contribution to the division into groups and to the areas of greatest interest. In the analysis of the structural data, the relationships between the number of trees, species and basal area as a function of the edge were not proven. Similarity analyzes distinguished the interior from the edge and measured the distance covered in the studied fragments, demonstrating that the composition of the first 40 meters of forest can be considered edges. vegetation semideciduous semi deciduous Biome Brazil regions BrayCurtis Bray Curtis Coefficient 4 1 2 ANOSIM. ANOSIM . (ANOSIM) SIMPER (SIMPER interest data trees proven edges (ANOSIM

RESUMO Os Efeitos de Borda são modificações na vegetação, nas condições microclimáticas e no solo na transição entre o meio exterior e o interior da floresta. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar até quantos metros é perceptível variações florístico estruturais ocasionadas pelo Efeito de Borda, analisando-se o estrato arbóreo e regenerativo de quatro fragmentos de Floresta Estacional Semidecidual localizados no bioma Cerrado. A partir da amostragem realizada nestes quatro fragmentos, foram analisadas, por meio de dendrogramas e regressões, se os parâmetros estruturais podem distinguir regiões de borda e de interior. Para o estrato arbóreo, nos dendrogramas de similaridade (Bray-Curtis e Sørensen), os fragmentos apresentaram grupos com parcelas semelhantes até os 40 metros de borda. Para o estrato regenerativo, os grupos foram mais difíceis em distinguir, mesmo com tendência, a dissimilaridade florística de 15 a 20 m. A partir da Análise de Similaridade (ANOSIM), os grupos foram confirmados estatisticamente. A porcentagem de similaridade (SIMPER) pode relacionar as espécies em função da sua contribuição para a divisão dos grupos e para as áreas de maior interesse. Nas análises dos dados estruturais, não foram comprovadas as relações do n° de árvores, espécies e área basal em função da borda. As análises de similaridade foram capazes de distinguir o interior da borda e mensurar a distância percorrida nos fragmentos estudados, demonstrando que a composição dos primeiros 40 m de floresta pode ser considerada borda. vegetação analisandose analisando Cerrado analisadas regressões BrayCurtis Bray Curtis Sørensen, Sørensen , Sørensen) 4 tendência 1 2 ANOSIM, ANOSIM (ANOSIM) estatisticamente SIMPER (SIMPER interesse n árvores estudados (ANOSIM

ABSTRACT Background: The objective of this study is to characterize the diversity and genetic structure of A. colubrina in three Atlantic Forest fragments in the south of Espírito Santo state, using Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) molecular markers. Genomic DNA from 85 trees was analyzed using 12 ISSR primers, generating 147 fragments, of which 109 were polymorphic (74%). Markers were characterized as moderately informative, with a mean polymorphic informational content of 0.34. Results: Low genetic diversity was found for the three fragments and in the total sample, based on Nei’s diversity parameters (H* = 0.26) and Shannon’s index (I* = 0.38). In the dissimilarity analysis, four groups were observed in the dendrogram with an exclusive clustering trend by location. The analysis of molecular variance confirmed that most of the genetic variation is found within populations (73.50%), however, with high genetic differentiation between them (Φ ST = 0.26). This result was supported by the Bayesian approach that indicated genetically structured populations. Conclusion: The data obtained reveal that forest fragmentation affected the diversity and genetic structure of A. colubrina and allow expanding knowledge for the development of effective strategies for the conservation and management of the species. Background A state (ISSR markers 8 1 primers 14 10 74%. 74 74% . (74%) informative 034 0 34 0.34 Results sample Neis Nei s H* H (H 0.26 026 26 Shannons Shannon I* I (I 0.38. 038 0.38 38 0.38) location 73.50%, 7350 73.50% , 73 50 (73.50%) however Φ 0.26. Conclusion species 7 (74% 03 3 0.3 0.2 02 2 735 73.50 5 (73.50% (74 0. 73.5 (73.50 (7 73. (73.5 ( (73. (73

ABSTRACT We discuss the importance of fern and lycophyte species in the Atlantic Forest ecosystem as well as the need for floristic inventories to understand their distribution and conservation status. We focus on the Serra do Papagaio region in southeastern Brazil, which is known for its high plant diversity but lacks comprehensive inventories of ferns and lycophytes. In this study, we conducted a floristic inventory of Serra do Papagaio and identified 172 fern and 29 lycophyte species. Our findings reveal 21 threatened species and two new records for Minas Gerais State. Additionally, we compared the floristic composition of Serra do Papagaio with that of other areas within the Atlantic Forest using non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) and generalized dissimilarity modeling (GDM) analyses. The results highlight distinct clusters of areas based on elevation and geographic location. We emphasize the need for further sampling and conservation efforts in Serra do Papagaio as well as provide valuable insights into the drivers of fern and lycophyte diversity in the Atlantic Forest. status Brazil lycophytes study 17 2 State Additionally nonmetric non metric NMDS (NMDS GDM (GDM analyses location 1

Abstract Maize is considered one of the most important cereal fodder crops. Many studies on morphological diversity in fodder maize have been helpful in obtaining good heterotic hybrids. The current study focused on analysing diversity of 28 fodder maize inbreds with 30 SSR markers, which revealed total of 110 alleles; and their polymorphic information content (PIC) values ranged from 0.064 to 0.745. Population structure analysis revealed four subpopulation groups with the ΔK value of 132.70. Clustering based on the pairwise dissimilarity coefficient grouped the genotypes into two major and four sub-clusters. The high dissimilarity (0.777) observed between DM 84 and UMI 1221 indicated that these two were highly divergent. Principal coordinate analysis also showed diverse nature of inbreds and corroborated the clustering pattern. Parental diversity and their heterosis performance revealed that parents with average or narrow divergence could be useful in obtaining hybrids with medium/early flowering and moderate/high crude protein content. crops 2 3 markers 11 alleles PIC (PIC 0064 0 064 0.06 0745 745 0.745 13270 132 70 132.70 subclusters. subclusters sub clusters. clusters sub-clusters 0.777 0777 777 (0.777 8 122 divergent pattern mediumearly medium early moderatehigh moderate 1 006 06 0.0 074 74 0.74 1327 13 7 132.7 0.77 077 77 (0.77 12 00 0. 07 0.7 132. (0.7 (0. (0 (

ABSTRACT Water stress is one of the limiting factors for obtaining maximum yield in soybean, which makes the identification of tolerant genotypes an important approach in breeding programs. The objectives of this work were evaluate soybean genotypes in conditions of water deficit, determine traits that allow the identification of genotypes tolerant to water deficit, and suggest promising crosses. Sixteen soybean genotypes were submitted to two osmotic potentials (0.0 MPa and -0.2 MPa) induced by PEG 6000 and the traits of germination and growing were evaluated. Genetic dissimilarity analysis was performed. There was genetic variability among genotypes for all traits, and significant interaction for root length, shoot and total fresh matter and dry root matter. Based on root length, it was possible to discriminate genotypes tolerant to water deficit. The cultivars BRS 7270 IPRO, TMG 2158 IPRO, UFUS Tikuna and UFU_P32 showed higher root length and stood out for dry root, fresh shoot and total fresh matter under water stress conditions and are indicated as promising parents in crosses. programs deficit crosses 0.0 00 0 (0. 0.2 02 2 -0. 600 evaluated performed 727 IPRO 215 UFUP32 UFUP UFU P32 P UFU_P3 0. (0 -0 60 72 21 UFUP3 P3 UFU_P ( - 6 7

Abstract Tomato cultivation is globally significant, demanding enhanced yields and biotic stress resilience for sustainability. Dwarf plant utilization in tomato genetic enhancement offers underexplored benefits. Yet, Santa Cruz dwarf tomato germplasm is unavailable. This study evaluated genetic dissimilarity, agronomic potential, and acylsugar content of Santa Cruz dwarf tomato plants across three successive backcrossings. Twelve advanced backcrossing populations (BC) and a commercial control (cv. Kada) were assessed, totaling 15 treatments. Agronomic traits and acylsugar content were measured, and analysis techniques were applied to assess genetic dissimilarity and backcrossing superiority. BC3 populations UFU-Sci#8, UFU-Sci#6, UFU-Sci#5, and UFU-Sci#1 excelled. Dwarf plants predominantly exhibited high leaflet acylsugar levels, suggesting potential for acquisition of hybrid with pest resistance. Notably, UFU MC TOM1 (dwarf plant) displayed significant glycine and L-serine presence, associated with various biotic stresses. These findings unveil the promising creation of dwarf Santa Cruz tomato hybrids with a broad spectrum of resistance. sustainability benefits Yet unavailable backcrossings BC (BC cv. cv (cv Kada assessed 1 treatments measured superiority UFUSci#8, UFUSci8 UFUSci Sci#8, Sci 8 UFU-Sci#8 UFUSci#6, UFUSci6 Sci#6, 6 UFU-Sci#6 UFUSci#5, UFUSci5 Sci#5, 5 UFU-Sci#5 UFUSci#1 UFUSci1 Sci#1 UFU-Sci# excelled levels resistance Notably TOM Lserine L serine presence stresses UFUSci#8 Sci8 Sci#8 UFUSci#6 Sci6 Sci#6 UFUSci#5 Sci5 Sci#5 UFUSci# Sci1 Sci# UFU-Sci