Abstract: In pediatrics, a process called Pediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome (PIMS) associated with recent infection by SARS-CoV-2 virus has been observed. One of its variants presents similarities with Kawasaki disease (KD). Objective: to compare the clinical presentation, laboratory testing, and evolution of KD with PIMS Kawasaki phenotype (PIMS-KD) in patients hospitalized before the pandemic, compared with the pandemic period. Patients and Method: Cross-sectional study in two groups of patients at the Hospital Exequiel González Cortés: typical KD (group 1) and PIMS-KD (group 2). Data on demographic, clinical, and biochemical details were collected, as well as echocardiogram, treatment, and evolution records. IgG and IgM serology for SARS-CoV-2 was performed in both groups. Results: In the KD group and the PIMS-KD group, 20 and 33 patients were analyzed, respectively. There were differences in age, days of fever, count of leukocytes, lymphocytes, and platelets, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and hospital stay. In 25% of the KD group, there were alterations in the echocardiogram and, in the PIMS-K group, all patients received corticosteroids and 25 patients received intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). In both groups, a favorable clinical evolution was observed, characterized by the absence of complications and mortality. Conclusions: Based on the data obtained in our study, the importance of the epidemiological link is emphasized as an essential factor in differentiating between both pathologies, highlighting the need to consider factors such as age, duration of fever, count of leukocytes, lymphocytes, and platelets, and degree of cardiac involvement, for a differential evaluation between patients with PIMS-KD versus KD.

Resumen: En pediatría, se ha observado un proceso denominado Síndrome Inflamatorio Multisistémico asociado a infección reciente por virus SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS). Una de sus variantes, presenta similitudes con la Enfermedad de Kawasaki (EK). Objetivo: comparar la presentación clínica, laboratorio y evolución de EK con PIMS fenotipo Kawasaki (PIMS-EK) en pacientes hospitalizados antes de la pandemia, comparado con el periodo de pandemia. Pacientes y Método: Estudio de corte transversal en dos grupos de pacientes del Hospital Exequiel González Cortés: EK típica (grupo 1) y PIMS-EK (grupo 2). Se recopilaron datos demográficos, clínicos, bioquímicos, ecocardiograma, tratamiento y evolución. En ambos grupos se realizó serología IgG e IgM para SARS-CoV-2. Resultados: En el grupo 1 se analizaron 20 pacientes y en el grupo 2, 33 pacientes. Hubo diferencias en edad, días de fiebre, valores de leucocitos, linfocitos, plaquetas, velocidad de eritrosedimentación (VHS) y días de hospitalización. En 25% de pacientes del grupo EK hubo alteraciones en el ecocardiograma y en el grupo PIMS-EK todos recibieron corticoides y 25 pacientes Inmunoglobulina endovenosa (IGEV). En ambos grupos, se observó una evolución clínica favorable, caracterizada por la ausencia de complicaciones y mortalidad. Conclusiones: En base a los datos obtenidos en nuestro estudio, se destaca la importancia del nexo epidemiológico como un factor esencial para diferenciar entre ambas patologías, resaltando la necesidad de considerar factores como la edad, la duración de la fiebre, los valores de leucocitos, linfocitos y plaquetas, grado de compromiso cardíaco, para una evaluación diferencial entre pacientes con PIMS-EK versus EK.

Resumen La prevención de lavado de dinero es un tema que ha tomado importancia en los últimos años en el sector financiero, debido a que dicho sector resulta vulnerable a ser utilizado para perpetrar este delito. En este trabajo, se analiza la mejor decisión por parte de las instituciones de banca múltiple respecto a bloquear o no bloquear las tarjetas de crédito ante posibles escenarios de lavado de dinero por parte de sus tarjetahabientes. Con base en un análisis de información incompleta, se deducen instrumentos para que la institución decida bloquear o no una cuenta que presente operaciones inusuales; con la finalidad de evitar pérdidas financieras y un daño en su reputación por relacionarse con tarjetahabientes que lavan dinero. El factor diferenciador de este trabajo consiste en la construcción de señales mediante vectores de pesos asignados a los factores de lavado de dinero, que pueden servir como indicadores o agravantes ante posibles operaciones inusuales de los tarjetahabientes.

Abstract In recent years, the prevention of money laundering has gained importance in the financial sector because this sector is being used to perpetrate this crime. This paper analyzes the best decision by banking institutions regarding the blocking or not of credit cards in the face of possible money laundering scenarios by their cardholders. Based on an analysis of incomplete information, we deduce instruments that help the institution decide to block or not, an account that presents unusual operations; to avoid financial losses and damage to their reputation from being involved with cardholders who launder money. The differentiating factor of this work consists in the construction of signals through vectors of weights assigned to the money laundering factors, which can serve as indicators or aggravating factors in possible unusual operations by cardholders.

ABSTRACT Measurements of biodiversity can be used to assess the scale of anthropogenic impact and predict species loss. A great number of diversity measures exist involving species richness and relative abundance that differ in how they are calculated. The choice of the adequate biodiversity measure to compare biological communities poses a challenge. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of 26 diversity measures to differentiate land cover types in the eastern Brazilian Amazon. Diversity was inventoried and quantified in three vertical strata in six locally dominant land cover types: primary and secondary forests, agroforestry systems, oil palm plantations, annual croplands and pastures. No diversity measure was able to differentiate all land cover types in every stratum. Fisher’s alpha was able to differentiate cover types in the middle and upper strata, while Smith-Wilson and Jentsch’s mixture quotient were able to differentiate in the lower and upper strata, and heterogeneity indices only differentiated in the upper stratum. The distinction and ranking of plant diversity among land covers depended on the diversity measure chosen. The number and types of land cover and vertical strata were a key factor in the ability of the diversity measure to differentiate among them.

RESUMO Medidas da biodiversidade podem ser usadas para avaliar a escala de impactos antropogênicos e prever a perda de espécies. Existem muitas medidas de diversidade envolvendo riqueza e abundância relativa de espécies, que diferem na forma em que são calculadas. A escolha da medida de biodiversidade adequada para comparar diferentes comunidades biológicas representa um desafio. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a capacidade de 26 medidas de diversidade para diferenciar classes de cobertura do solo na Amazônia oriental brasileira. A diversidade foi inventariada e quantificada em três estratos verticais em seis tipos de cobertura do solo localmente dominantes: florestas primárias e secundárias, plantações de dendezeiros, sistemas agroflorestais, áreas de cultivo anual e pastagens. Nenhuma medida de diversidade foi capaz de diferenciar todas as classes de cobertura em cada estrato. O alfa de Fisher foi capaz de diferenciar tipos de cobertura nos estratos médio e superior, enquanto o Smith-Wilson e o quociente de mistura de Jentsch diferenciaram nos estratos inferiores e superiores, e os índices de heterogeneidade apenas diferenciaram no estrato superior. A distinção e a ordenação da diversidade de plantas entre as coberturas dependeram da escolha da medida de diversidade. O número e os tipos de cobertura da terra e de estratos verticais foram um fator chave na capacidade de distinção das medidas de diversidade.

Resumen Street harassment refers to the unwanted comments, gestures, and actions that strangers address to people in public places without the consent of the affected individuals. In Costa Rica, even though anyone regardless of their gender can experience street harassment, this issue has a major incidence on women as shown on studies such as the Encuesta Actualidades conducted by the School of Statistics of UCR in 2015 (Umaña, 2016). This study highlights that 61,7% of all women surveyed indicated having been victims of street harassment while 32.8% of men indicated the same (Umaña, 2016). This research aimed to examine the perceptions of professional and non-professional millennial men towards the street harassment of women in San Pedro, San José, Costa Rica, with the purpose of determining if the academic educational level of this age group stands as a differentiating factor of people who perpetrate street harassment against women. The researcher surveyed fifty-two millennial men and results revealed that the academic educational level is not a determinant factor that differentiates the perpetrators of street harassment as both professional and non-professional men harass women almost evenly, and many of them ignore the definition of street harassment and their types.

Abstract El acoso callejero se refiere a todos aquellos gestos, acciones y comentarios no deseados que personas extrañas dirigen a sus víctimas en lugares públicos sin el consentimiento de las personas afectadas. En nuestro país, a pesar de que todas las personas sin importar su género pueden experimentar acoso callejero, este problema tiene una mayor incidencia en las mujeres según lo han demostrado estudios como el de la Encuesta Actualidades de la Escuela de Estadística de la UCR en 2015[1] (Umaña, 2016)[2]. Dicho estudio afirma que un 61,7 % de las mujeres encuestadas aseguraron haber sido víctimas de acoso callejero frente a un 32,8% de hombres encuestados que indicaron lo mismo (Umaña, 2016)[2]. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo examinar la percepción de hombres profesionales y no profesionales de la generación millennial respecto al acoso callejero en San Pedro, San José, Costa Rica, con el fin de determinar si el grado de escolaridad de este grupo etario de los participantes fungía como factor que diferencia a las personas que perpetran acoso callejero hacia las mujeres. El investigador encuestó a 52 hombres profesionales y no profesionales de la generación millennial y los resultados revelaron que la escolaridad no es un factor determinante que diferencia a los perpetradores de acoso callejero, pues tanto profesionales como no profesionales acosan casi de igual forma y la mayoría de estas personas desconocen la definición de acoso callejero y sus tipos.

Resumen: En el marco de un proyecto de investigación, perteneciente a una Universidad, que aborda problemáticas vinculadas a la industria de los hidrocarburos, se realiza una encuesta durante el mes de septiembre de 2021 para indagar la percepción de los ciudadanos respecto de diferentes temas relacionados con la industria. La transición energética surge como una solución al cambio climático que es comúnmente asociado a la quema de combustibles fósiles. En este trabajo se pretende investigar a través del vocabulario cómo están instaladas estas ideas en las personas. Se analizan las respuestas a las preguntas abiertas: “Explique con sus palabras que entiende por transición energética”, “¿Cuál es su opinión sobre la transición energética?” y “¿Quiénes deberían liderar este cambio que lleve a la transición energética?”, utilizando el análisis estadístico de datos textuales. Estas preguntas forman parte de una encuesta más extensa. El empleo de la estadística textual en el análisis de respuestas a preguntas abiertas aporta información acerca de lo que los sujetos investigados piensan ya que las ideas se manifiestan a través del vocabulario. Adicionalmente, este tipo de análisis permite diferenciar y agrupar a los sujetos estableciéndose categorías que prescinden de la subjetividad del investigador. Se utiliza el lenguaje R complementándolo con el software SPSS Statistics. Se analizan 188 encuestas, con el fin de identificar diferencias y similitudes léxicas entre grupos etarios. Mediante Lexicometría se contextualizan las palabras construyendo tablas de contingencia de los diferentes grupos. Estas características identificadas en el léxico son estudiadas mediante el Análisis Factorial de Correspondencia aplicado a la tabla léxica agregada. Durante este proceso, las respuestas no son modificadas ni categorizadas. Este trabajo permite determinar que palabras están instaladas en la mente de las personas respecto de la transición energética y corrobora que existe una diferencia léxica en las percepciones entre los diferentes grupos etarios.

Abstract: Within a research project, belonging to a University, that addresses problems related to the hydrocarbon industry; A survey is carried out during the month of September 2021, to investigate the perception of citizens regarding different issues related to the industry. The energy transition emerges as a solution to climate change, which is commonly associated with the use of fossil fuels. This research aims to investigate through vocabulary how these ideas are installed in people's minds. The answers to the open questions are analyzed: "Explain in your own words what you understand by energy transition", "What is your opinion about the energy transition?" and “Who should lead this change that leads to the energy transition?”, using the statistical analysis of textual data. These questions are part of a larger survey. The use of textual statistics in the analysis of answers to open questions provides information about what people think about it, since ideas are manifested through vocabulary. Additionally, this type of analysis allows differentiating and grouping the subjects, establishing categories that leave aside the subjectivity of the researcher. The R language is used, complementing it with the SPSS Statistics software. 188 surveys are analyzed in order to identify lexical differences and similarities between age groups. Through the use of Lexicometry, the words are contextualized by building contingency tables of the different groups. These characteristics identified in the lexicon are studied by Correspondence Factor Analysis applied to the aggregated lexical table. During this process, responses are not modified or categorized. This research allows us to determine what words are installed in people's minds regarding the energy transition and corroborates that there is a lexical difference in perceptions between different age groups.

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Nutrition knowledge is a modifiable determinant of eating behavior, important to the development of healthy eating habits that may be differentiating in the optimization of athletes’ performance. OBJECTIVES: To translate and adapt a questionnaire on general and sport nutrition knowledge and to study its psychometric properties. METHODOLOGY: We performed the translation, back-translation and adaptation of the instrument, including the reduction of the number of items based on its application to higher education students (n = 238) from three different areas of knowledge: nutrition (n= 46), engineering (n = 118) and linguistics (n = 74), and studied its psychometric properties: content validity, mixed groups validity, factorial validity and internal consistency. RESULTS: The questionnaire’s content was analyzed by a group of evaluators through a qualitative and quantitative analysis, which resulted in a content validity coefficient of 0.90. Through the assessment of the difference in knowledge between the three groups, and according to the internal consistency and factor analysis, from the 90 items in the initial questionnaire 48 were excluded. The factor analysis and internal consistency were repeated for the final version with 42 items. The questionnaire presents, for each section (general nutrition and sport nutrition), a unifactorial structure and good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha values of 0.883 and 0.720, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: This study led to a shorter and with good psychometric properties version of a questionnaire on general and sports nutrition knowledge. Its application will allow professionals in the field to evaluate differences in knowledge between athletes of different sexes and sports, thus establishing more effective and directed educational strategies.

RESUMO INTRODUÇÃO: O conhecimento em nutrição é um determinante modificável do comportamento alimentar, importante para a adoção de hábitos alimentares saudáveis e diferenciadores na otimização do desempenho desportivo. OBJETIVOS: Traduzir e adaptar um questionário de conhecimentos em nutrição geral e no desporto e estudar as suas propriedades psicométricas. METODOLOGIA: Procedeu-se à tradução, retrotradução e adaptação do instrumento, incluindo a redução do número de itens com base na aplicação a estudantes do ensino superior (n = 238) de três áreas de conhecimentos distintos: nutrição (n = 46), engenharia (n = 118) e letras (n = 74), e estudaram-se as suas propriedades psicométricas: validade de conteúdo, validade de grupos mistos, validade fatorial e consistência interna. RESULTADOS : O conteúdo do questionário foi analisado por um conjunto de avaliadores através de uma análise qualitativa e quantitativa, que resultou num coeficiente de validade de conteúdo de 0,90. Através da avaliação da diferença de conhecimentos entre os três grupos, e de acordo com a análise da consistência interna e análise fatorial, dos 90 itens que compunham o questionário inicial foram excluídos 48. Foram repetidas as análises fatorial e de consistência interna para a versão final com 42 itens. O questionário apresenta, para cada uma das secções (nutrição geral e nutrição no desporto), uma estrutura unifatorial e boa consistência interna (valores de alfa de Cronbach de 0,883 e 0,720, respetivamente). CONCLUSÕES: Este estudo gerou uma versão mais curta e com boas propriedades psicométricas de um questionário de conhecimentos em nutrição geral e no desporto. A sua aplicação permitirá aos profissionais da área analisar as diferenças de conhecimentos entre atletas de diferentes sexos e desportos, estabelecendo assim estratégias educacionais mais direcionadas e efetivas.

RESUMEN Objetivo: El objetivo principal de este estudio es analizar el papel predictor que juegan las características demográficas, psicosociales y de conducción de los conductores españoles en la percepción del riesgo en comparación con los infractores reincidentes, centrándose en el género como factor clave diferenciador. Método: En este estudio transversal se han analizado datos de una muestra nacional compuesta de 1,711 conductores de las 17 regiones españolas (el 49% mujeres y el 51% hombres), con una media de edad de 40.07 años, que respondieron a una entrevista telefónica sobre temas relacionados con la seguridad vial. Se analizaron comparativamente los factores demográficos, los relativos a la conducción y los psicosociales por medio de pruebas robustas y de modelos multigrupo de ecuaciones estructurales (MGSEM). Resultados: Los resultados de este estudio indican que la edad de los conductores, su exposición al riesgo, su conocimiento de las normas de tráfico, su valoración de la aplicación de la ley y de los programas de reeducación vial, así como el número de multas de tráfico que han recibido, explican el riesgo que estos perciben en los infractores de tráfico reincidentes. En segundo lugar, en lo que se refiere a las diferencias estructurales, tres de las variables del estudio (la exposición a la conducción, la necesidad de cumplir las normas y los conocimientos de las normas de tráfico) parecen ejercer una influencia diferencial en la percepción del riesgo de acuerdo con el género de los conductores. Conclusión: Los resultados indican que tanto las características psicosociales como las referidas a la conducción predicen la percepción del riesgo de los conductores en relación a los infractores de tráfico reincidentes entre hombres y mujeres conductores. Esta investigación abunda en la necesidad de poner el énfasis en el género para potenciar los procesos de educación en la conducción, reeducación y entrenamiento dirigidos a abordar y prevenir la reincidencia en el campo del tráfico y de la movilidad. The European Journal of Psychology Applied to Legal Context (2022) 14(1) 33-41

ABSTRACT Objective: The core aim of this study was to examine the predictive role of demographic, psychosocial and driving features of Spanish drivers on their risk perception over recidivist traffic offenders, focusing on gender as a key differentiating factor. Method: For this cross-sectional study, it was analyzed the data gathered from a nationwide sample of 1,711 licensed drivers from the 17 regions of Spain (49% females, 51% males) with a mean age of 40.07 years, responding to a telephone-based interview on road safety issues. Demographic, driving-related and psychosocial factors were comparatively analyzed through robust tests and a bias-corrected MGSEM (Multi-Group Structural Equation Modeling) approach. Results: The findings of this study indicate that drivers’ age, driving exposure, traffic law knowledge, their assessment of both enforcement and reeducation, and the number of traffic fines they have received, explain the risk perceived in recidivist traffic offenders. Secondly, and in regard to structural differences, three study variables, i.e., driving exposure, need for enforcement and traffic law knowledge, have shown to exert a differential influence on risk perception according to drivers’ gender. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that both psychosocial and driving-related features differentially predict drivers’ risk perception over recidivist traffic offenders between male and female drivers. This research supports the need of fostering the emphasis on gender, in order to strengthen driving education, re-education, and training processes aimed at facing and preventing recidivism in the field of traffic and mobility.

Abstract: Walking down a street is not the same as going out for a walk. One of the differences is that by going out for a walk it is possible to empathize with the city façades. Through a qualitative and comparative analysis of the perceptions and urban imaginaries of young adults, we propose to analyze how they understand walking through the different streets of the Lima neighborhoods of Lince, Jesús María, and Santa Beatriz, which are experiencing physical changes in their streets due to the expansion of the real estate market. It was revealed that the disposition to empathize with façades was related to an idea of life that was used as a differentiating factor, and which included attributes of location, visibility, variety, sense of community, and historicization. Therefore, when there was greater disposition to empathize with the streets, walking acquired a new character and people did go out for a walk.

Resumen: Caminar a través de una calle no es lo mismo que salir a caminar. Una de sus diferencias es que al salir a caminar es posible empatizar con las fachadas de la urbe. Mediante un análisis cualitativo y comparativo de las percepciones e imaginarios urbanos de jóvenes adultos se propuso analizar cómo comprenden el caminar por las distintas calles de los barrios limeños de Lince, Jesús María y Santa Beatriz que experimentan cambios físicos en sus calles por el incremento del mercado inmobiliario. Se reveló que la disposición para empatizar con las fachadas se relacionaba con una idea de vida que era utilizada como factor distintivo y que comprendía las cualidades de localización, visibilidad, variedad, sentido de comunidad e historización. Por lo tanto, cuando existía una mayor disposición para empatizar con las calles, el caminar adquiría un nuevo carácter y se salía a caminar.

Resumen En el presente estudio se busca analizar los predictores de la agencia personal de estudiantes universitarios, diferenciando entre estudiantes colombianos y mexicanos. Para lo cual se exploraron las estructuras factoriales de la Agencia Personal de ambos grupos de estudiantes, así como las interrelaciones que exhiben los factores en cada una de las muestras. Se trabajó con una muestra no probabilística de 243 estudiantes, 127 mexicanos y 116 colombianos quienes respondieron la Escala de Agencia Personal del IASE. Un AF-MM refleja universalidad a juzgar por los valores de chi cuadrado; sin embargo, sí se presentan diferencias entre los predictores de cada factor para ambas muestras. Se discute acerca de que estudios de este tipo permiten el uso de la escala de Agencia personal como predictor de dicho factor para estudiantes de ambas muestras dado que es un instrumento culturalmente sensible y relevante para la realidad cultural latinoamericana.

Abstract The present study seeks to analyze the predictors of the personal agency of university students, differentiating between Colombian and Mexican students. For which the factorial structures of the Personal Agency of both groups of students were explored, as well as the interrelationships exhibited by the factors in each of the samples. We worked with a non-probabilistic sample of 243 students, 127 Mexicans and 116 Colombians who answered the IASE Personal Agency Scale. An AF-MM reflects universality as judged by chi square values; however, there are differences between the predictors of each factor for both samples. It is discussed that studies of this allow the use of the Personal Agency scale as a predictor of said factor for students from both samples, given that it is a culturally sensitive and relevant instrument for the Latin American cultural reality.

Abstract Knowledge of written language in pre-readers has been shown to be a determining factor in reading acquisition success. This knowledge refers to the identification of the components or units of written language and their functions. The objective of this work has been to know the developmental sequence of this knowledge in pre-readers and to establish a pattern of this development. For this purpose, the tests that evaluate it from the Bateria de Inicio a la Lectura (BIL 3-6) have been administered to a sample of students from 3 to 6 years old. Subsequently, the distribution of frequencies of these skills among the different age ranges has been analyzed. The skills evaluated have been the knowledge of Reading Functions, Word Recognition and Phrase Recognition. The results indicate that, in relation to the Functions of Reading, the students know most of the functions at 4 years old, except for the one related to the transmission of information through the newspapers, which is totally acquired at 6 years old. When it comes to recognizing words, at the age of 5 children already differentiate them perfectly from numbers, although they still have difficulties in differentiating the concepts of letter and word, a skill that is totally acquired at the age of 6. As for recognizing phrases, at the age of 3 they still do not have the notion of phrase acquired and it is at the age of 6 when this concept is totally consolidated. This study has made it possible to trace an evolutionary sequence of the development of these skills in Spanish, that can serve as a guide when designing intervention programs and help detect students who have difficulties in the acquisition of reading.

Resumen El conocimiento sobre el lenguaje escrito en estudiantes prelectores ha demostrado ser un factor determinante en el éxito de la adquisición de la lectura. Este conocimiento hace referencia a la identificación de los componentes o unidades del lenguaje escrito y sus funciones. El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido conocer la secuencia evolutiva de este conocimiento en estudiantes prelectores y establecer un patrón de desarrollo evolutivo. Para ello se ha administrado las pruebas que lo evalúan de la Batería de Inicio a la Lectura (BIL 3-6) a una muestra de estudiantes de 3 a 6 años. Posteriormente se ha analizado la distribución de frecuencias de estas habilidades entre los diferentes rangos de edad. Las habilidades evaluadas han sido el conocimiento de las Funciones de la Lectura, el Reconocimiento de Palabras y el Reconocimiento de Frases. Los resultados indican que, en relación con las Funciones de la lectura, el alumnado conoce la mayoría de las funciones a los 4 años, a excepción de la relacionada con la trasmisión de información mediante la prensa, que se adquiere totalmente a los 6 años. A la hora de reconocer palabras, a los 5 años, los niños ya diferencian perfectamente de los números, aunque todavía presentan dificultades para diferenciar los conceptos de letra y palabra, habilidad que está totalmente adquirida a los 6 años. En cuanto a reconocer frases a los 3 años todavía no tienen adquirida la noción de frase y es a los 6 años cuando este concepto está totalmente consolidado. Este estudio ha permitido trazar una secuencia evolutiva del desarrollo de estas habilidades en español que puede servir como guía a la hora de diseñar programas de intervención y a ayudar a detectar alumnos que tienen dificultades en la adquisición de la lectura.

Grapevine bunch rot is detrimental to grape and wine quality. Traditionally, detecting and quantifying the severity of rot infection is executed visually. This study aimed at defining local, area-specific threshold values of rot-associated disease markers. This is a first step towards making informed decisions about the quality of grapes delivered at winery intake. Viticulturists visually assessed on-vine rot infection in nine white wine grape cultivars. Results showed that severity ratings were consistent between assessors. Chemical analyses of the grape must from these assessed samples were done. Multiple factor analysis (MFA) showed that rot severity was positively correlated with glycerol, alcohol, gluconic acid and acetic acid concentrations. As severity increased, gluconic acid, glycerol, alcohol, Brix, acetic acid and total titratable acidity (TA) concentrations also increased. Following the probability chosen for sensitivity and specificity, grape rot indicators' threshold values in white grape must are as follow: Alcohol > 0.10 %v/v; acetic acid > 0.17 g/L; glycerol > 0.79 g/L; gluconic acid > 0.99 g/L; TA > 8.86 g/L. Statistical determined threshold values differentiating between rot-affected and healthy grape must, would eliminate the subjectivity and bias associated with visual assessments.

Early diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in the population allows interventions with better prognosis and lower cost of treatment. Studies indicate that there is a higher prevalence of ASD in siblings of diagnosed individuals, considered as risk groups. Gioia and Guilhardi (2018) developed as assessment protocol for the early signs in children with easy application by parents and/or caregivers. This study aimed to evaluate whether the tasks of this protocol applied in the period from 2013 to 2019 in children aged 13 to 22 months produced differentiating results between the high (HR) and low autistic risk (LR) groups and also verify the correspondence between the assessment obtained in the protocol by the HR participants with the results obtained in the Childhood Autism Rating Scale – CARS. The results showed that six of the thirteen tasks of the Protocol allowed the differentiation between the HR and LR groups, demonstrating that the instrument can be effective in the early identification of children who may later be diagnosed with ASD.

O diagnóstico precoce do Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) na população permite intervenções com melhor prognóstico e menor custo de tratamento. Estudos indicam que há uma maior prevalência de TEA em irmãos de indivíduos diagnosticados, considerados assim como grupo de risco. Gioia e Guilhardi (2018) desenvolveram um protocolo para avaliação de sinais precoces em crianças de risco com fácil aplicação por pais e/ou cuidadores. O presente trabalho teve como objetivos, avaliar se as tarefas deste protocolo aplicadas no período de 2013 a 2019 em crianças de 13 a 22 meses produziram resultados diferenciadores entre o grupo de alto (AR) e baixo risco autístico (BR) e verificar a correspondência entre a avaliação obtida no protocolo pelos participantes AR com a avaliação obtida na escala Childhood Autism Rating Scale – CARS. Como resultado, foi constatado que seis das treze tarefas do protocolo permitiram diferenciar entre os grupos AR e BR, demonstrando que o instrumento pode ser efetivo na identificação precoce de crianças que posteriormente poderão vir a receber diagnóstico de TEA.

Abstract Information and Communication Technologies were the key to the emergence of the Third Industrial Revolution in the 1950s. Since its inception and to date, they have been consolidated as a differentiating factor in strategic management and in obtaining competitive advantages in industry and commerce. In the health sector, research on technologies and competitiveness does not show the same growth, with theoretical and practical gaps in their analysis and measurement. The objective was to analyze the impact that Information and Communication Technologies have on the competitive performance of health institutions in Ensenada, Baja California, through the Principal Component Analysis. The research is quantitative, with correlational scope and experimental design. The sample used is representative of the population under analysis and the application of questionnaires made it possible to obtain the data. Two questionnaires were applied to health professionals (n = 203) and to patients (n = 271), the reliability and construct validity of the measurement instruments were determined, and the data obtained were analyzed to reach conclusions. The results obtained showed that Information and Communication Technologies constitute a competitive performance factor in health. In addition, they have a favorable impact on the improvement of the medical care process, the quality and the times of patient care.

Resumen Las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación constituyeron la clave en la irrupción de la Tercera Revolución Industrial en la década de 1950. Desde su surgimiento y hasta la fecha se han consolidado como un factor diferenciador en la administración estratégica y en la obtención de ventajas competitivas en la industria y el comercio. En el sector de la salud, las investigaciones sobre tecnologías y competitividad no demuestran igual auge, existiendo vacíos teóricos y prácticos en su análisis y medición. El objetivo de la investigación fue analizar el impacto que tienen las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación en el desempeño competitivo de las instituciones de salud de Ensenada, Baja California, mediante el Análisis de Componentes Principales. La investigación es cuantitativa, con alcance correlacional y diseño experimental. La muestra empleada es representativa de la población objeto de análisis y la aplicación de cuestionarios posibilitó la obtención de los datos. Se aplicaron dos cuestionarios a profesionales de la salud (n=203) y a pacientes (n=271), se determinó la fiabilidad y la validez de constructo del instrumento de medición y se analizaron los datos obtenidos para arribar a conclusiones. Los resultados obtenidos demostraron que las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación constituyen un factor de desempeño competitivo en salud. Además, impactan favorablemente en la mejora del proceso de atención médica, la calidad y los tiempos de atención a pacientes.

Abstract: This article proposes an analysis of the characteristics of the inhabitants of social housing located in the City of Buenos Aires and the effects they experience after arriving in these neighborhoods from an approach framed in the spatial mobility and biographical studies. Through the construction of a typology of the residential trajectories of the recipients of social housing from a quantitative framework of multichannel sequence analysis, the homogenizing characterization that housing policy usually employs on this population is problematized. The results show that the previous residential trajectories of the recipients present different levels of vulnerability and diverse problems against which the housing policy, ignoring such particularities, has offered a standardized solution generating mainly limited effects on these households. In this sense, residential trajectories have emerged as a differentiation mechanism that awakens unequal effects of the policy on the housing conditions of its recipients.

Resumen: Este artículo propone un análisis de las características de los habitantes de la vivienda social localizada en la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires y de los efectos que experimentan tras llegar a estos barrios desde un abordaje enmarcado en el enfoque de la movilidad espacial y de los estudios biográficos. Mediante la construcción de una tipología de las trayectorias residenciales de los destinatarios de la vivienda social hecha a partir de un encuadre cuantitativo de análisis de secuencia multinivel, se problematiza la caracterización homogeneizante que la política habitacional suele emplear sobre esta población. Los resultados demuestran que las trayectorias residenciales previas de los destinatarios dan cuenta de diferentes niveles de vulnerabilidad y problemáticas diversas frente a las cuales la política habitacional, ignorando tales particularidades, ha ofrecido una solución estandarizada que genera efectos limitados sobre estos hogares. En este sentido, las trayectorias residenciales se han perfilado como un mecanismo de diferenciación que despierta efectos desiguales de la política sobre las condiciones habitacionales de sus destinatarios.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE To explore the values of automated breast volume scanning (ABVS) combined with shear wave elastography (SWE) in the differential diagnosis of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–positive breast cancers (HER2+BC). METHODS In this study, 28 patients with TNBC and 32 patients with HER2+BC were enrolled. The characteristics of ABVS and virtual touch quantification (VTQ) in SWE of all patients were reviewed. The multivariate logistic regression analysis was carried out and the receiver operating characteristic curves of ABVS and ABVS+VTQ were drawn. RESULTS In ABVS imaging, the microcalcification, posterior echo, internal echo, shape, and edge had significant difference between TNBC and HER2+BC groups (p<0.05). The regular shape was the independent factor for TNBC (p=0.04, odds ratio [OR]=4.479), and the microcalcification in mass was the independent factor for HER2+BC (p=0.01, OR=2.997). In VTQ imaging, the shear wave velocity (SWV)max, SWVmin, and SWVmean in TNBC group were significantly lower than those in HER2+BC group (p<0.001). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of ABVS+VTQ in diagnosing TNBC were higher than those of ABVS alone. CONCLUSIONS ABVS combined with SWE has certain advantages in differentiating TNBC from HER2+BC, which is helpful for the treatment planning and prognosis judgment.